MINUTES OF THE MEETING OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF A.C.R.L.

'•P HE Board of Directors of the Association necessity for continuity of service in order that of College and Reference Libraries met at long-range plans can be made and carried breakfast in the Drake Hotel in Chicago on through. It was suggested that it might be Saturday morning, Dec. 29, 1945, at 8:30 A.M. best for our division to have its own executive Directors present were: President, Blanche secretary. It was pointed out that we will Prichard McCrum; Vice President, E. W. have no funds to finance an executive secre- McDiarmid; Past-President, Winifred Ver tary as long as we receive only 20 per cent of Nooy; Treasurer, Mrs. Vera Southwick the dues paid by our members while the A.L.A. Cooper; Secretary, Charles V. Park; A.C.R.L. retains 80 per cent. directors, Ralph Eugene Ellsworth and Stan- Because of these and other dissatisfactions ley Pargellis; directors representing sections; voiced in the discussion, it was moved and Fina C. Ott, for College Libraries; Mar- seconded that the board appoint a committee guerite M. Chamberlain for William N. to study the relationship of the A.C.R.L. with Seaver of Engineering School Libraries; and the A.L.A. This motion was passed unani- Mary Floyd for Libraries of Teacher-Train- mously. ing Institutions. Section chairmen present It was obviously the desire of the board were: Nellie M. Homes for the chairman of that this committee should make a thorough College Libraries; Eleanor W. Welch of Li- study of our organization. In order that the braries of Teacher-Training Institutions; and work of the committee should not be hampered Carl W. E. Hintz for the chairman of Uni- by lack of funds, the board voted to authorize versity Libraries. Others present, by invita- the committee to spend up to one thousand tion, were Carl M. White, editor of College dollars if that sum should be required to com- and Research Libraries, and Eugene H. Wil- plete the study. son, of the University of Colorado Libraries. Further board action requires the commit- Mr. Wilson had been elected chairman of the tee to report back to the board with recom- University Libraries Section and was present mendations for action as soon as possible. in that capacity. The hope was expressed that a progress re- President McCrum opened the meeting by port could be made at the Buffalo meeting in telling of the request of Mr. Milam that we June. appoint a representative to serve with repre- One specific item to be considered by the sentatives of the other divisions of the A.L.A. committee is the proposal for a college library on a committee to advise with Mr. Milam on specialist at A.L.A. Headquarters. the selection of a successor to Julia Wright Since the A.L.A. is now planning a reor- Merrill on her retirement in the near future. ganization of its information and advisory This committee will also consider with Mr. services, the board suggested that President Milam the reorganization of the Department McCrum request the A.L.A. to delay final of Information and Advisory Services of the action until our committee has completed its A.L.A. study. President McCrum was authorized to ap- The board next proceeded to select the com- point a representative in compliance with the mittee. The final selections were as follows: above request. Charles H. Brown, chairman, Mary Floyd, The discussion which followed brought out A. F. Kuhlman, Clarence S. Paine, and Stan- the fact that there is general dissatisfaction ley Pargellis. Dr. White, editor of College with our organizational setup as a division of and Research Libraries, and Secretary Park the A.L.A. It was pointed out that the A.L.A. were designated to serve as advisers to the plan to reorganize their information and ad- committee. It was also specified that the visory services would not give us the kind of secretary should be supplied with all papers representation at A.L.A. Headquarters that and proceedings of the committee, in order our members want. Dr. White stressed the that they may be kept as a permanent record.

156 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES President McCrum was authorized to make was taken, the suggestion received general further selections if any of the above desig- approval. nated persons is unable to serve. Several persons expressed appreciation for It was further suggested that the chairman the service rendered the association by College of each section be invited to advise with the and Research Libraries. Voted to commend committee. College and Research Libraries. It was suggested that a roster of our mem- After a vote of thanks to President Mc- bers showing interests and qualifications of Crum, the meeting adjourned. each one should be compiled for use in select- ing committees. Although no official action CHARLES V. PARK, Secretary

New Periodicals of 1945—Part II (Continued from page 155)

Vt. v. 1, no. 1, Autumn 1945. Quarterly. $4. Revista Musical Chilena. Instituto de Extension New York Folklore Quarterly. New York Folklore Musical, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile. Society, 124 Roberts PL, Ithaca. v. 1, no. 1, Ano 1, no. 1, May 1945. Monthly. $40. February 1945. $1.50. La Revue de L'l.F.A.L. Institut _ Francais Northern Review; New Writing in Canada. 635 St. d'Amerique Latine, Nazas 43. Mexico, D.F. Paul St. W., Montreal, Canada, v. 1, no. 1, De- Annee 1, no. 1, June 1945. Quarterly. $40. cember 1945-January 1046. Bimonthly. $2. The Screen Writer. Screen Writer's Guild, Inc., Orbe; Revista Latina de Cultura General. Palma 1655 N. Cherokee Ave., Hollywood 28, Calif, v. i, Norte 33s, Desp. 402, Mexico, D.F. Ano 1, no. 1, no. 1, June 1945. Monthly. $2.50. July 1945. Monthly. $20 (for 6 nos.). Sociedad Venezolana de Historia de la Medicina. Pacific. Box 467, Mills College, Oakland 13, Calif, Caracas, Venezuela, v. 1, no. 1, 1945- Frequency v. 1, no. 1, November 1945. 4 times a year. $2. and price not given. Pictura; Revue d'Art Ancien et Moderne. Librairie Southwestern Journal of Anthropology. University Falk Fils, 22 Rue des Paroissiens, Bruxelles. v. 1, of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, v. 1, no. 1, no. 1, January 1945. Quarterly. i8ofr. Spring 1945. Quarterly. $4. Polymer Bulletin. Bureau of High Polymer Research, Theatre. Bradford Civic Playhouse, Chapel St., Bradford, England, v. 1, no. 1, July 1945. Irregular. Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn. Interscience 3S. 3d. Publishers, Inc., 215 Fourth Ave., New York City Theatre Notebook; A Quarterly of Notes and Re- 3. Bimonthly. $2.40. search. 32 Shaftesbury Ave., London, W. 1. v. 1, Portfolio; An International Quarterly. Black Sun no. 1, October 1945. Price not given. Press, Washington, D.C. v. 1, no. 1, Summer The Trollopian; A Semiannual Journal Devoted to 1945. Price varies. Studies in Anthony Trollope and His Contempo- Renascence. Usher Society, 325 W. nth St., New raries in Victorian Fiction. University of Cali- York City 14. v. 1, no. 1, August 1945. Bi- fornia Press, Royce Hall 310, Los Angeles 24. monthly. $1.25. no. 1, Summer 1945. $i-75. Revista de Guatemala. Apartado Postal 404, Guate- The United States Quarterly Book List. Issued by mala, C.A. v. 1, no. 1, July 1945. Quarterly. the United States Library of Congress, Superin- Q.i.50. tendent of Documents, Washington 25, D.C. v. 1, Revista Industrial de Sao Paulo. Federa?ao das In- no. 1, March 1945. $1.50. dustries do Estado de Sao Paulo, Rua Barao de Word: Journal of the Linguistic Circle of New York. Itapetininga, 273, Sao Paulo, Brazil, v. 1, no. 1, 66 Fifth Ave., New York City n. Three times a December 1944. Monthly. 60 Cr. year. $3.

APRIL, 1946 157 The Place of College and Reference Library Service at A.L.A. Headquarters: A Symposium

~POR SOME TIME members of the A.C.R.L. have been concerned with the development of a service at A.L.A. Headquarters which would concentrate its activities on prob- lems of college and reference libraries. Because the questions involved in the establishment of such a service are significant and are being currently discussed, the editors of College and Research Libraries have arranged for a symposium to assist readers in evaluating the present situation. The first two papers, by Ralph A. Ulveling and Carl H. Milam, describe the recent actions of the American Library Association to provide increased service to college and reference libraries. The other statements represent views of members of the association on the desirable form of the service to be provided. At its meeting in Chi- cago, Dec. 29, 1945, the board of directors of the A.C.R.L. appointed a committee to study the relationship of the A.C.R.L. with the A.L.A. Members of the committee are Charles H. Brown, chairman, Mary Floyd, A. F. Kuhlman, Clarence S. Paine, and Stanley Pargellis.

American Library Association

J? OR SEVERAL YEARS I have known that the highly specialized advisory services for all establishment of a college library advisory would be realized. service at A.L.A. Headquarters was not only At no time was I so naive as to believe that an ambition of many librarians but was felt the proposed reorganization would at this time by some to be an urgent need. I had and still add to the aggregate of services provided by have a sincere desire to see this become an the Headquarters organization. Neither did accomplished fact. I believe that the new plan would accomplish Very shortly after assuming my present now the creating of fully adequate advisory office I set out to cut the Gordian knot—if services of the type desired for college li- such there was—that retarded this develop- brarians or for similar groups. It was simply ment, keeping in mind of course that the just a plan to divide what was available in an rights of other groups in the Association would equitable way so all would share in its bene- have to be fully respected also. Thus, in a fits. I shall be extremely disappointed if this spirit of providing equal opportunity for all, doesn't give to college librarians more than I proposed, within two months after my induc- they have had before. I believe it will. tion as President, that the existing advisory In preparing this proposal I consciously and services for public libraries and school libraries deliberately did not allow decisions of earlier be dissolved as such and that the resources years to influence what I believed to be the which had maintained them be merged in one proper equities to be achieved at this time. over-all department which would render com- Progress through the years ahead cannot be parable services to every group within the made in that way. Further, it would be in Association. In the original proposal it was extremely bad taste for a current officer to stipulated that if and when increased funds adopt such a principle, just as it would be in became available the informational services of equally bad taste for any member of the As- that unit should be expanded until, eventually, sociation to suggest that the incumbent ad-

158 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES ministration should distort its best efforts to rendered during the intervening years. serve the membership by following so sterile 2. Due to payments made to divisions under a policy as one of compensating for decisions the new Constitution, the net income from which were made in good faith by others in membership dues, taking into account addi- earlier years. tional costs of operation under the new dues scale, is several thousand dollars less than five Though the recommendation referred to years ago. above is admittedly inadequate for the needs, 3. Unit operating costs, because they are far it is nevertheless realistic. On December 29 higher today than formerly, have tended to I presented to the Council a brief review of shrink further the activities that can be main- the financial limitations under which the As- tained on the Association's income. sociation's general activities must operate. Despite these harsh facts, I have endeavored Though the full text of that report appears to strengthen the services that could be pro- in the February 1946 A.L.A. Bulletin, the vided to divisions not formerly represented high points of it can be given in a few sen- directly on the Headquarters staff. Any more tences. productive plan which will be fair to all the diverse interests within the Association would 1. Income from the two-million-dollar en- be welcomed. With the greatest sincerity I dowment fund has, because of general economic conditions, shrunk from the $100,000 originally invite your constructive help in this, a common expected to about $73,000. Obviously, $27,000 problem. worth of planned services have had to be sur- RALPH A. ULVELING

QN JUNE 23, 1945, representatives of the among the first to benefit from them. Board of Directors of A.C.R.L. met with The officers of the A.L.A. expressed their officers of the A.L.A. on invitation of the lat- desire to have A.C.R.L. participate in planning ter. The conclusions, after a lengthy confer- the activities and projects which will be of ence, were summarized as follows: special interest to college and university li- braries and also to participate in the soliciting The Executive Board representatives were of funds which will make such activities pos- not only sympathetic to the establishment of this sible. new service but recognized that the establish- On invitation of the President of the A.L.A. ment of the service is an obligation to which the Association is committed. The officers representatives of A.C.R.L. met on October stated that the Association is also definitely 5 and 6 with the Budget Committee. There committed to the establishment of a research were also representatives of three or four and statistical service and are convinced that a other groups which were asking for funds. major expansion of the personnel activities and The Budget Committee was "impressed placement service is an obligation which cannot with the gravity of the financial situation and be avoided. convinced that the activities of the A.L.A. The income next year will apparently be a will suffer increasingly unless means can be little less than it has been this year. There is found to increase substantially the income of no opportunity to provide funds for any of the Association." It deplored particularly its these activities out of regular funds unless cer- tain other essential activities are discontinued. inability to find funds for the salary of an The board is definitely committed to a policy associate secretary, commended the Executive of getting more funds rather than attempting Board for its efforts to find new sources of to squeeze tighter the present limited budgets. income, suggested that the Fourth Activities It has engaged a man to represent it in opening Committee "study the existing organization of up possible sources of funds and actually so- the Headquarters staff, the services provided liciting funds. The object is to obtain funds by each department and each person in Head- for general purposes, if possible; for special quarters, to the end that present activities may purposes, if they are not available for general be evaluated and justified, not only as to the purposes. Among the specific purposes at the top of the list is the college library advisory professional need and service of each, but with service. If general funds are obtained, the special reference to legitimate demands which college library advisory service would be the present budget could not meet."

APRIL, 1946 159 The Budget Committee recommended reor- of the three professional staff members in the ganization of the Department of Information department. The nature of the work is briefly and Advisory Services and a discussion with indicated by the following words and phrases: the divisions of the question of their assisting information service, advisory service, promo- in providing funds for the department. It tion, field work, work with divisions, work recognized that the budget, as prepared, made with boards and committees. less provision than usual for public library The most difficult problem dealt with in the advisory service. The members of the com- memorandum and in the discussion at the mittee were Ralph A. Ulveling, Mary U. meeting concerned finances. The Budget Rothrock, Rudolph H. Gjelsness, and Robert Committee and the Executive Board, after A. Miller. most careful and sympathetic consideration, The Executive Board at its meeting in Oc- were able to appropriate only $26,886 for the tober considered these matters at length, ap- Department of Information and Advisory proved in general the recommendations of the Services. This provides a payroll for three Budget Committee, and specifically instructed professional and three secretarial assistants the Executive Secretary to prepare a plan for and for the other expenses of the department reorganization of the Department of Informa- on a very limited scale. In order to repre- tion and Advisory Services for the considera- sent public libraries, school and children's li- tion of the board and of the representatives of braries, college and reference libraries, and the divisions during the Midwinter Confer- continue the A.L.A. Library, we would need ence. By Executive Board vote I was in- as a minimum $7500 more for one profes- structed to include provision "for a librarian sional and one clerical assistant, supplies, post- with such other professional and clerical as- age, and travel. sistance as the combined budget will allow." How this financial situation came about The memorandum was prepared and sub- may be briefly explained as follows: mitted for criticism to the members of the When the "program" referred to above was Executive Board and representatives of divi- adopted, we expected to be able to spend sions in advance of the Midwinter Conference. $125,000 annually for general purposes after In somewhat revised form it was discussed at the $2,000,000 endowment had been secured length at the meeting of the divisional repre- and invested. This was based on estimates sentatives with the Executive Board on De- of endowment income, $100,000; special mem- cember 27. The memorandum sets forth in berships, $25,000. This year these items total, detail the information which is summarized not $125,000, but about $96,000. The dif- above. It included the following paragraph ferential of $29,000 is further increased if one under takes into account the increase in costs be- tween 1932 and 1945-46. The reasons for Purposes. In preparing this memorandum I decreased income for general purposes are: am trying to keep in mind two desirable objec- (1) The $2,000,000 endowment is now pro- tives or purposes: (1) To make the services of ducing, not $100,000 as anticipated, but the Headquarters Department of Information $73,000; (2) During the past six years, aver- and Advisory Services as useful as possible to age annual underwriting of other budgets by all types of libraries and to all librarians, with the Membership Department has been about special concern for equalizing the service to the various groups; (2) To provide a basis $10,500. (It is approximately $23,000 this for a more unified attack on important prob- year for several reasons, two of which are: lems by the divisions and the A.L.A. in general. prospects for a large conference which will yield large income from exhibits; and the Under the heading "Information and Ad- existence of balances last September 1 because visory Services—Definition," the memorandum of inability to keep positions filled during the referred back to the "Program for the Ameri- war. The total income for general purposes can Library Association, 1932," which was for 1946-47 may be considerably less than prepared by the Executive Board and officially $96,000.) adopted by the Council. (See February 1932 Appropriations by divisions had been sug- A.L.A. Bulletin.) Presented as exhibits were gested. Attention was called to the fact that brief memorandums on the present activities it would take approximately all of the budg-

160 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES eted allotments to all divisions for one year to of the department from year to year, and vari- provide the minimum of $7500. ations in the emphasis for the different subject Increased membership was suggested as a specialists in the same year. Such a committee real possibility. A dues dollar is now used or board would be in a position to make rec- about as follows: ommendations to the budgetary authorities and For membership records and activities $ .37 to the profession and would have large re- For A.L.A. Bulletin .30 sponsibility for determining the nature of the For divisional allotments .08 work to be done by the department within the For underwriting other activities .25 limits of the budgets actually provided. Most of these matters were discussed in $1.00 some detail at the meeting. No very satisfac- New membership dues income in large vol- tory solutions were found. Provision was ume should yield a slightly larger amount for made, however, to continue the discussions. other activities, say thirty cents out of each The group recommended and the Council dollar. If we could, at once, add $25,000 from later approved this source, the Membership Department could The creation of a special committee to confer soon increase its underwriting by $7500— with the officers with a view to determining ("soon" rather than "immediately" because it how the Department of Information and Ad- costs more to "process" a new membership visory Services can be reorganized and de- than a renewal). As the average member veloped to serve better the needs of the whole pays in a little more than four dollars, this profession, with special emphasis on the needs would mean about six thousand new members. and interests of the divisions, the committee to Obviously, with present income or with a be appointed by the Executive Board on the nomination of the divisions. somewhat expanded income, it will be impos- sible for the Department of Information and At this writing, January 8, I have been Advisory Services to perform all of the pos- informed of several nominations by divisions. sible and desirable activities which are sug- Ralph Eugene Ellsworth is to represent gested by the words "information," "advice," A.C.R.L. I am planning to arrange for a "promotion," etc., even in the two or three meeting of this group as soon as possible and or four special fields nominally covered. I, shall make no recommendation to the Execu- therefore, suggested that there be created a tive Board concerning a successor to Miss standing committee or board which would Merrill, who retires in the spring, until after serve in an advisory relationship to the depart- the group has considered the whole problem ment; the committee to be made up of one of reorganization. representative chosen by each division for five- In the meantime, we are launching a vigor- year staggered terms; the committee to meet ous campaign for new members, not a few at least twice a year at annual and midwinter hundred, but several thousand. With the conferences, and possibly at other times, with help of the divisions and individual members the staff of the department and the Executive and under the leadership of the reorganized Secretary to discuss the work of the members Membership Committee headed by Althea H. of the staff and to help determine from time Warren, we ought to succeed. We are also to time what the emphasis should be. continuing our search for new sources of in- It was thought that, through the establish- come. All officers are convinced, as are ment and use of this machinery, we should be members of the much-criticized Budget able to bring about a desirable coordination of Committee, that the only satisfactory solution emphasis as between the A.L.A. and the divi- is more money for general purposes. sions, a large degree of flexibility in the work CARL H. MILAM

General Statements

QOMMENTATORS quite generally have diffi- ments are invited on proposed legislation culty in distinguishing fact from fiction. which has not yet taken form. The difficulties are more serious when com- The Executive Board of the A.L.A. and

APRIL, 1946 161 representatives of divisions at a meeting on the A.C.R.L. be kept an open matter until the Dec. 27, 1945, passed the following resolu- committee has time to study and report upon tion: the various possibilities." A reading of an abstract of the discussions VOTED, That this group recommend to the and a memorandum prepared by the Executive Council the creation of a special committee to confer with the officers with a view to deter- Secretary leaves one in a state of fog. A new mining how the Department of Information information service should be organized to and Advisory Services can be reorganized and serve the profession at large, yet the Executive developed to serve better the needs of the whole Board voted to abandon the collection of sta- profession, with special emphasis on the needs tistics for college, public, and school libraries. and interests of the divisions, the committee to Certainly, statistics would seem to be about be appointed by the Executive Board on the the most important factual information service nomination of the divisions. which a national organization can render. We understand that the position of chief The Executive Secretary, in his memoran- of the Public Library Office is to be abolished dum, makes a very true statement of the sav- upon the retirement of Miss Merrill; that the ing which can be made by the use of divisional positions of school and children's library spe- officers, boards, and committees. cialist and of the Headquarters librarian will Most A.L.A. divisions, in common with other be abolished insofar as such titles are con- organizations of similar size, now avoid the cerned; and that a new department will be necessity of paying fully for services by get- organized to include the information and ad- ting volunteers to do the work. Frequently the visory services to the profession at large. It libraries of the officers make considerable serv- ice contributions to the divisions. If these is estimated that twenty-five thousand to services are all performed by a paid staff, then twenty-six thousand dollars will be available it must be realized that A.L.A. or the division for the functioning of the reorganized depart- is paying for services formerly performed free ment, but that this sum will not be sufficient of charge and that the amount available from to cover the salaries of four specialists and both sources for information and advisory serv- their assistants—college, public, school and ices is reduced by the amount of that cost. I children's, and Headquarters librarian. One hope our joint thinking, now and later, may proposal was to invite the various divisions to help to resolve this problem. contribute to the support at Headquarters The question immediately arises as to and, through this means, raise the additional whether the same principle could not well be $7500 required. applied, possibly more than it is at present, In the meantime, at a meeting of the to the boards and committees of the American A.C.R.L., an animated discussion followed the Library Association. presentation of a paper by A. F. Kuhlman. Obviously, justified criticism has been Speakers criticized in general the present re- caused by the fact that specialists in certain lations of A.C.R.L. and A.L.A., but the only fields such as adult education, public libraries, constructive adtion which resulted from the and children's and school libraries were pro- meeting seemed to be the appointment of an vided, when specialists could not be provided A.C.R.L. Committee to Study the Relations for fields seemingly equally important. of A.C.R.L. to A.L.A., which was asked to Any administrator of a large office which make a progress report in June. In the mean- has been in existence for a number of years time, Blanche Prichard McCrum, President yearns for a thorough reorganization. The of A.C.R.L., has written to President Ulvel- question naturally arises: Why was the re- ing, forwarding a statement from the Board organization limited to the Department of of Directors of A.C.R.L. to the Executive Information and Advisory Services? Why Board of A.L.A. Her letter includes the fol- were not the Department of Library Educa- lowing paragraph: "[The board of directors] tion and Personnel, the Publishing Depart- welcome the necessary delay in reorganizing ment, and the Department of Membership the information and advisory services at Head- Organization and Information included in the quarters. They request, moreover, that any proposed reorganization? present organization at Headquarters affecting Before any reorganization is undertaken, it

162 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES might be well to inquire what sort of a Head- members in 1945, an increase of 57 per cent. quarters staff does the Association want and During the same period, the membership of what sort of services would it like to receive? the American Library Association has de- To say that the more important of these serv- creased from 15,808 in 1940 to 15,187 in 1945. ices can be given only by an increase in the There is a lack of unity among the rank and dues is begging the question since, if institu- file of its members in comparison with its tional dues are to be doubled, as has been sister association. proposed, to provide for a special statistical The membership of the College and Refer- service, the question might naturally arise, ence Section before the organization of the "What do institutions receive in return for the A.C.R.L. was 140 in 1936. It increased after dues already paid?" There is a limit to the the organization of the A.C.R.L. to 761 in charging of fees for special services. The 1938, and in 1944 the membership totaled time may come when the increase in institu- 2162. These figures are impressive, but there tional dues may result in a decided loss of in- are probably well over six thousand college stitutional membership in the case of and reference librarians in the United States publicly-supported libraries. who are eligible for membership, half of Let us suppose, however, that increased whom are not members of the A.L.A. Is funds can be obtained for a much enlarged there some arrangement through an amend- Headquarters staff. How far do the mem- ment to the Constitution providing for an bers of the Association wish to go? How interchange of dues which would make it does the size of our Headquarters staff com- possible for the A.C.R.L. to bring within its pare with the size of headquarters staffs of fold those college and reference librarians similar organizations when the number of who are not members of A.L.A.? members is taken into account? Do we want The war has naturally interfered with the an enormous staff with specialists on all sorts functioning of the association. An unusually of subjects? We have had proposals for satisfactory journal was started early in the many specialists at Headquarters, for an as- history of the association, thanks to the untir- sociate executive secretary, and for an office in ing efforts of A. F. Kuhlman. This journal Washington (which we now have). Many is a credit to the association. The association other suggestions could be mentioned as, for might well operate with a number of active example, an office in New York to deal with boards and committees and with a very small book publishers. How far should we go? headquarters staff—say, an executive secretary Do we want a Headquarters staff which may or an assistant secretary on a part-time basis. become the master of the Association rather The writer does not believe that a college than its servant? This question might well library specialist at Headquarters would fulfil be threshed out by the membership at large. the needs of this young and vigorous associa- The writer believes that, of all the services tion. On the other hand, such an appointment rendered by the A.L.A., placement and sta- may tend to interfere with the attainment of tistics are the most valuable, and these two the great possibilities open to such an associa- should have been maintained on a high level tion. of efficiency no matter what else suffered, It would be most desirable to study the unless some government department or other relations of A.C.R.L. to A.L.A., and this agency was prepared to take them over. study will be the chief work of the committee Another library association in this country recently appointed. The writer is expressing was organized on the principle that a very his own subjective opinions, without time for a small headquarters staff would be required collection of data in regard to the discussions and that the work of the association could be and crosscurrents now under way. He cannot done chiefly by its officers, boards, and com- speak for A.C.R.L. nor its officers and its mittees which receive small grants from the board of directors. Very probably many of association. The association has conducted them would disagree with the opinions herein local meetings, especially in the metropolitan expressed, and the writer, naturally, reserves areas. It has obtained great loyalty and unity the right to alter his opinions as further data among its members. Its membership has in- are obtained. creased from 2433 members in 1940 to 3836 CHARLES HARVEY BROWN

APRIL, 1946 163 v\ RHETHER OR NOT A.L.A. is to become large and demand time endlessly. The only really effective in the college, university, solution, if rapid accomplishment is expected, and research library field depends on its deci- is paid personnel; in this case, a college and re- sion to make a place on the Headquarters staff search library agency at A.L.A. Headquarters. for a specialist in that area. It is true that The advantage of combining for accomplish- the Association has performed many services ment is not the only consideration to be kept for "learned" libraries and has undertaken in mind. The great concentration of research many obligations. But this activity is usually libraries is in the northeast quadrant of the directed toward specific objectives, and the United States—really on the coastal strip be- gun is aimed by an agency either created for a tween Boston and Washington where the limited purpose or concerned with many tar- conveniences of communication and travel pro- gets, of which the research library aspect of duce a natural cohesion and cooperation. If a problem is only one of many. The Board research library activity is unorganized, or on Resources of American Libraries is an illus- organized on a volunteer basis, responsibility tration of the specific purpose agency; the naturally gravitates to this area. Thus, while Board on Personnel Administration—in its research libraries of the country may benefit stimulating work on pay plans for libraries from the initiative of the Northeast, they have of institutions of higher education—exempli- small opportunity to contribute or share in fies the multiple-target agency. Thus, while control. An active and positive central agency some useful building material is made, it never at A.L.A. Headquarters could appreciably gets put together as a structure by a single improve such a situation by its representative integrative Headquarters agency. character. Furthermore, such an agency, by This need has long been felt in the field. It its centrality in the affairs of research li- is expressed in the rise of the College and braries, might pay a dividend by bringing to Reference Section to divisional status as light, more quickly than now, persons in small A.C.R.L.; it was a moving force in the origin libraries potentially valuable to the profession. of the Association of Research Libraries. A central agency would be better able to That the sense of need has persisted so long maintain a close and valuable contact with the is evidence of a lack in the present apparatus many associations at work on college and available to college and research libraries for university problems, such as the American united effort. This apparatus consists of Council of Learned Societies, the American A.C.R.L. and A.R.L. A.C.R.L. organizes Council on Education, and the American Asso- conference programs and publishes this jour- ciation of Universities. Finally, to end this nal. It is a general organization, open to all casual catalog of anticipated benefits, provision in the business; A.R.L. is a limited agency through this agency of a focal point for college as to number and kind. Its activities, in- and university library interests should tended primarily to benefit the largest research strengthen the case for adequate statistical libraries of the country, do—often and inci- reporting. It is peculiarly regrettable that no dentally—benefit college and the smaller re- way has been found of continuing, during the search libraries. The large research libraries war years, the minimum statistical tabulations often have access to money for the furtherance formerly available. The need for such infor- of joint projects; the small libraries lack this mation, especially on salaries, is at the moment advantage as individuals and must seek their acute, in view of the rapidly altering wage support by union. Joint activities are easy to situation in all lines of employment. start; they continue with difficulty as they en- DONALD CONEY

* * •

BELIEF that the American Library Associa- work of voluntary boards and committees and tion is primarily concerned with public in the publication program, leaves them un- libraries has long been firmly implanted in convinced, chiefly because the A.L.A. has the minds of college librarians. A large body never made provision for a full-time Head- of evidence to the contrary, especially in the quarters staff member to look after the in-

164 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES terests of scholarly libraries. Assuming that consultation as desired. Furthermore, again the present agitation for such a representative assuming a single individual could not be leads to the creation of the position, a number omniscient in all subjects, the central office of basic questions remain to be answered. should have on file a record of persons, in or In the first place, should the Headquarters out of the library profession, whose special specialist attempt to provide expert assistance experience, training, knowledge, avocations, for all types of higher educational institutions interests, or other qualities equip them to ad- and reference libraries? If so, a veritable vise on matters outside the capabilities of the paragon will be required. Included in the staff representative. (In short, if the latter seven sections of the Association of College does not know, he should be able to turn and Reference Libraries are hundreds of junior to someone who does know.) colleges, teachers' colleges, liberal arts col- As part of the function of gathering infor- leges, technical schools, every kind of univer- mation, the Headquarters office might well sity, and reference libraries ranging up to such serve as a depository for correspondence files organizations as the Library of Congress and of pertinent boards and committees. Much the New York Public Library. For any one of the work of these volunteer groups is individual to cope with the varied problems dispersed and lost, as members change and presented by these highly diverse institutions materials are scattered and discarded. would call for knowledge and experience pos- Ultimately, the activities in which the staff sessed by few, perhaps no, members of the representative should engage are numerous library profession. Rather than trying, there- and important. Naturally, he would keep in fore, to be everything to everybody, riding off close touch with all sections of the A.C.R.L., rapidly in all directions, it may be sound and with such other A.L.A. groups as have tactics, at least at the outset, to concentrate a direct bearing on his work. He should serve attention on limited objectives. And, if limita- as a coordinator to eliminate duplication of tions of scope are essential, as they seem to be, effort; stimulate needed publication, research, first consideration should doubtless be given and investigation; help to plan and direct to college libraries. Contrasted with the conferences; assist in library surveys; compile university and large reference libraries, the statistics; and develop standards. He would college group, as a rule, has smaller staffs, also be expected to establish and maintain more limited resources, and greater need for cordial relations with and present the library outside help. Also, the interests of university point of view to the leading national and and reference libraries are being looked after, regional educational associations. to a far greater extent, by special organiza- The success or failure of a Headquarters tions. In future years, as the functions of the representative would hinge to a large degree Headquarters office expand, fortified by ex- upon the ability and personality of the person perience and experimentation, other specialists appointed. The probable salary ought to might be brought in to represent additional attract a capable young man, but without ex- types of libraries. tensive experience. His qualifications should Recognizing that, in the beginning, a well- include enthusiasm, broad intellectual in- rounded service for all educational and re- terests, sound professional training at least search libraries may be impracticable, there are two years beyond college graduation, a desire still various ways in which the central office to expand his knowledge, ability to work with could be useful to each of the seven groups all kinds of people, proficiency in writing and comprised in the A.C.R.L. For example, the public speaking, and an attractive personality office should be a focal point for information, somewhat on the extrovert side—in brief, a printed or otherwise, on library government, younger Carl H. Milam. Having found such organization, administration, architecture, a wonder man and placed him in the national equipment, finances, personnel, book selection, Headquarters limelight, the next problem acquisition, cataloging, classification, circula- would be to hold him in the job against the tion, reference, cooperation, and related topics. competition and in the face of alluring offers One of the primary duties of the staff of positions from college and university li- specialist should be to assemble relevant data braries throughout the country. in these fields and make them available for ROBERT BINGHAM DOWNS

APRIL, 1946 165 rJ"'HOSE OF us who have urged the creation mercially under our own sponsorship. of an agency representing academic and We do not wish to see a large share of our scholarly libraries of all types within the dues paid for A.L.A. activities that are not A.L.A. structure must now be specific about relevant to our work. our wishes and expectations and in general In other words, financially and otherwise, agreement as to our goals. In the recent we wish to be unscrambled, and to be allowed past, some have merely been incensed at the to promote our own cause according to our alleged practice of "taxation without repre- best understanding, and we do not wish to sentation," some have held pious hopes of stand in the way of other groups which wish relief from time-consuming committee work, to do likewise. some have had in mind specific functions which In one sense this means that we think the the proposed agency would carry out, and, time has come when it is no longer wise for finally, some have looked to the agency to the A.L.A., as a single organization, to try provide the kind of leadership that would to handle the affairs of all kinds of libraries raise us above the present level of dissatisfac- without major and acute differentiation among tion with ourselves. Those in the latter group the types. In another sense, this visualizes express a wide range of expectations, with a the A.L.A. more and more as an abbreviated simple, honest, and realistic conception of what federation of strong divisions, each promoting an executive secretary can do at one extreme its own activities with its own studies in its and a fuhrer-like leadership complex at the own way. other. In between, the majority look hope- We do not wish to use our share of our fully for someone to do something. money for a headquarter's staff that will be an The points of view expressed in the fol- "action bureau." We want one, or one half lowing statement represent my own attitude, of one, person who will be free to think and tempered as much as possible by what two plan for A.C.R.L. in somewhat the same man- dozen or so of my colleagues in academic and ner in which Waldo Leland acts for the scholarly libraries have told me. I do not American Council of Learned Societies. We pretend to speak for university librarians in want this person to recommend to A.C.R.L. general or for any specific group in the the initiation of research and other studies and A.C.R.L. in general to do the things that will slowly Primarily, what I and those with whom I but surely help us raise the level of our own have discussed the matter want is, first of all, accomplishments. our just share of the dues we pay to A.L.A., We do not want this person to do a great plus the use of our share of the A.L.A. en- many things, or to try to make us do a great dowment, made available to A.C.R.L. with- many things that sound important, but which out strings, to be sent by A.C.R.L. in whatever get nowhere in the long run, because they are way our organization thinks will benefit aca- not geared to a continuous long-time con- demic and scholarly libraries most. We do sistent organization. In other words, we want not object to A.L.A. handling our money so less frenzied committee work on issues of the that individually and collectively we will not moment within A.C.R.L. and more planning do away with it (being a new group we are, of larger issues, and we want our representa- of course, not accustomed to handling large tive to act in the same manner. sums of money, although individually we may We expect the business of college and uni- be responsible annually for rather sizable versity librarianship to be handled by college budgets), but we do not want any other group and university librarians, not by our head- to tell us how we shall spend this money nor quarters. do we propose to see a large part of it whisked Just how we are to get the kind of auton- out from under our noses by an A.L.A. ac- omy, financial and otherwise, we want without counting system that may be logical as a creating a split in the American Library As- system but illogical in effect. Specifically, if sociation is not very clear at the moment, but it cost $5000 to publish a manuscript under let it be understood that the members of our A.L.A. sponsorship while the same could be group have little respect for the idea of unity published commercially for $1700, we want in the A.L.A. when that unity is so artificial the right to publish our own manuscripts com- and the price of it so high.

166 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES We are increasingly disturbed by the fact support these researches. In this way, we that many of our most intelligent and influen- believe that in a very real sense we can help tial members see little use of throwing their raise the level of library service in academic efforts into A.C.R.L. as long as it is con- and scholarly libraries. We see little hope nected with A.L.A. on the present basis. that our objectives can be reached at the pres- These men are quick to size up the situation ent time under existing relationships. and are confining their professional activities In brief, I think many of us are not inter- to the Association of Research Libraries and ested in the idea of a strong elaborate aca- other groups outside the A.L.A. We want demic and scholarly library agency within the this leadership kept within the A.C.R.L. A.L.A. present structure. We do see the There are many in our group who are necessity of having our own money to spend capable of carrying on the kind of research under A.C.R.L. direction for substantial studies that are necessary if the level of studies and projects. We see the necessity, academic and scholarly library service is to perhaps, of a small headquarters organization be raised. We want our A.C.R.L. organiza- that might or might not be located at A.L.A. tion to be the coordinating agency for our Headquarters. members and we want our A.L.A. dues to RALPH E. ELLSWORTH

Sections of A.C.R.L.

Agricultural Libraries

J^URAL READING would be a field where experience with soldier usage and mass pro- agricultural libraries could exert needed duction methods are applied in earnest. The leadership. It is a field which cries for work small-town library and librarian catering to be done. None of the national farm papers mostly to fiction users is in imminent danger carries a book page or even a column, and we of obsolescence. librarians know that the third of the nation, Granted the farmer has not in the past up to now without libraries or other book read with the same volume as other groups, sources, is in the rural areas. So the farmer yet his sons and daughters and, some years has not been able to get books, and his ago, his uncles and aunts have read as avidly journalists, who know him fairly well, do not as any, once they arrived in the city. The sense any demand from him for books. If bookmobile staffs and the T.V.A. experiments this be true, it is a social weakness. If all of testify to the ease of arousing rural interest us are to prosper, the farmer must be brought in reading. The new fact is the twenty-five- into touch with our technical and social trends. cent book at last at hand to serve this interest Headlines and headline thinking from news- at a price the farmer can pay. A rise in rural paper and radio will not accomplish this. reading time and skill is certain to follow. Reading is needed, and yet it is too much to Here is where the agricultural libraries can expect a farmer to read with profit even the exert leadership and would find a centralized carefully written government bulletins when advisory service of great use. Such a service, reading, for him, is not an easy and practiced with A.L.A. connection, could help the agricul- habit. tural libraries act as a unit in dealing with In the recent past it has been said that books publishers of inexpensive books, influencing were too expensive and so was rural library choice of subject, selection of authors, distribu- service. Many librarians still act as though tion techniques, etc. If group action can help, this were true. In such thinking they are in agricultural librarians must not allow books a cultural and technological lag. The twenty- at twenty-five-cents to become as completely five-cent book is a financial success, now on a means for entertainment as have the motion sale everywhere and soon to appear all over pictures, only now slowly coming to educa- the countryside in gas stations, general stores, tional use. Probably no one thing would make by mail, etc. The cost will go down when war agricultural libraries more the powerhouses

APRIL, 1946 167 of rural improvement they should be than the attention with the holdings in agricultural rise in reading skill among rural people which literature narrowly interpreted. This is due a wisely directed use of inexpensive books can to the American situation which considers bring. agriculture as much a way of life as a subject In regard to other areas of assistance, cen- of impersonal study. tralized A.L.A. advisory service to agricul- With these two factors in the agricultural tural libraries must consider two complex libraries' situation understood, one may factors. The first is the U.S.D.A., with its wonder what strictly library services an aggressive and skilful concern for agricultural A.L.A. centralized advisory office could render. matters, both general and bibliothecal. There With the problems of building and equipment, is a temptation to say let the U.S.D.A. do acquisitions, cataloging, reference, and re- the whole job. Certainly the department and search, we could expect little of specialized its director of libraries, Ralph R. Shaw, have help which is not now better given either by ideas and plans, even for general reading the U.S.D.A. libraries or by other library service.1' 2 But suppose we resist temptation or commercial agencies. When these problems and decide to work to keep the enterprise in are of a special nature, particularly when of private hands. Then a second factor will a subject nature, the U.S.D.A. is of great make a clear definition of many possible func- assistance; when the problems are the same tions difficult to attain. This factor is the as those of libraries in general or of libraries very nature of agricultural libraries. Actual- attached to university departments or research ly, as a rule, these libraries gain their defini- institutes, then the agricultural libraries have tion from serving agricultural clients rather or need the same sources of help as general than from clear subject specialization. An libraries or as special libraries. If A.L.A. agricultural library may well have books and can help any libraries along these lines it will other stock on home economics, education, be helping agricultural libraries. But the economics (including statistics), the sciences truly peculiar service of which agricultural (physical as well as biological), and engineer- libraries are capable, and which is not now ing, in great quantity. It may even be that, given, is active educational leadership among as library management problems, such litera- the rural people. A.L.A. is fitted by its whole ture may compete for library staff time and program to aid in this movement, and the advisory service would be an appropriate 1 A.L.A. Bulletin 36: 95-99, February 1942. agency. 2 College and Research Libraries 4: 29-34, Decem- ber 1942. JOHN H. MORIARTY College Libraries College libraries especially need the service ice. Statistics of colleges of varied sizes that an educational specialist at A.L.A. Head- should be available for presentation to admin- quarters might offer. istrations, trustees, and faculty library com- Advisory service is needed to help the col- mittees to encourage increase in library lege librarian interpret to the library com- budgets and the use of the library. Li- mittee and the administration the place of the brarians need statistics to evaluate staff library in a progressive program of higher standards. education. This would necessitate a study of A centralized college service could initiate the status of a variety of college libraries and a study of the academic status and salaries of also a study of the best trends in college teach- college librarians, and stimulate some improve- ing and educational programs. Suggestions ments. might be sent to the libraries calling for Many college libraries are developing assistance. The specialist should be one who valuable services. Many small college li- could meet administrators and faculty with braries need the inspiration of new ideas. understanding and convictions, in order to The college headquarters office could serve as assist the librarian in integrating the library a clearinghouse of progressive methods and and educational program of the campus. program for the information of librarians, The college librarian needs statistical serv- including suggestions for integrating classroom

168 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES instruction and reading programs, for teaching sociate himself with such groups as the with books as well as for recreational reading. Association of American Colleges, the North College librarians now find it difficult to Central Association of Colleges, the New locate the details that they and administrators England Association of Colleges, the Southern want in planning new buildings: the latest in Association of Colleges, the American Associa- plans and building materials, library architects tion of Junior Colleges. More understanding with understanding of college building pro- cooperation might result. grams. The specialist at A.L.A. could provide The specialist at A.L.A. Headquarters a clearinghouse of such information. should be one who has a sympathetic under- The A.C.R.L. office might offer information standing of the viewpoint and needs of the on cooperative library services of value to college library. He might keep aware of the college libraries. college trends and needs in close cooperation College librarians want to know the devel- with the college representatives on the opments in the field of higher education. Col- A.C.R.L. Board of Directors, and aid them lege education specialists should be aware of in service to their group and toward higher the place of the library in educational pro- standards for every college library. grams. The specialist at A.L.A. should as- FINA C. OTT

Engineering School Libraries In order that this statement on behalf of From this basic position the argument runs the engineering group might be representative that it is most unlikely that a representative and not simply one member's opinion, an could be found who, having to be all things expression of views was sought from a score to all college libraries, could be depended upon of active librarians representing varying types to understand the particular problems of engi- of engineering libraries, stretching from Maine neering libraries, especially in these days of to Colorado, from Michigan to Georgia. The rapidly changing methods in scientific and replies differed markedly, revealing wholesome technological education. Many, relating in- independence of thought; they varied from stances of having appealed to A.L.A. Head- the extreme of one librarian who felt such an quarters for help without result, expect to agency useless and not worth the expense in- find in the future, as in the past, greater volved, to that of another who named ten satisfaction in their relations with Special fields of service in which it could give much Libraries Association and with the profes- needed help. sional societies: S.P.E.E., A.S.M.E., A.S.C.E., Since the inquiry was begun, committees, S.A.E., and others. both of A.L.A. and A.C.R.L., have been ap- Between those who are not interested and pointed to study the problem in its larger those who are, a few sit on the fence. They aspect. Nevertheless, it may not be amiss to fear duplication of effort with the societies record the reactions of our group, expressed just named. They feel the need of the service before this action was known. but doubt very much whether the plan pro- Those who question the value to our section posed by the A.L.A. Executive Board—a re- of an agency planned to serve college libraries organized Department of Information and in general, stress the special nature of engi- Advisory Services—will fill the needs of college neering libraries. Our collections, they point libraries, let alone engineering libraries. Some out, emphasize science and technology and are skeptical but are willing to be shown. touch only lightly on the humanities material The proposed agency might be of some use if which is the meat of the liberal arts college. the director came to his job with a special For personnel we seek (though too rarely interest in engineering libraries, etc. find) persons with scientific or technological Among those who definitely favor the pro- background. Our problems, they feel, are posal there is a feeling that the various sec- not administrative but inherent in the nature tions of A.C.R.L. have enough problems in of the material we handle and the special common to justify the establishment of a needs of our clientele. center of service. They recognize that no

APRIL, 1946 169 person chosen for such a position can be at successful in persuading librarians generally the same time an expert on humanistic studies, to file with him their annual reports, their on agriculture, on teacher-training, and on statistics, information as to their special collec- science and technology, but they feel that a tions, special studies in progress, copies of competent person of wide knowledge, broad their bibliographies, rules and rates of their sympathies, and resourcefulness could bring microfilm and photostat services, plans of their together a fund of information and a common new buildings, etc. pool of library experience upon which any At first mainly an officer for collecting, librarian in A.C.R.L., whatever his section, coordinating, and supplying information, the could draw with profit. But the person director might in time leave most of these chosen should be someone of marked ability duties to a trained staff and devote him- and should have a free hand. Whether he self increasingly to the advisory side of his would fall into the office ruts which some office, helping to improve, on the one hand, think typical of A.L.A. procedure, would standards of library personnel, salaries, and depend on getting the right man—or woman. working conditions; on the other hand, stand- I feel strongly that the ayes have it. We ards of service to students, faculty, alumni, do have much in common with the libraries and outsiders. He should soon be able to give of all sections of A.C.R.L. As librarian of circulation to new ideas, initiate cooperative a very active technical institute where the enterprises, and encourage closer relations strenuous life is our norm, I encounter daily with foreign educational institutions. For administrative problems similar to those of some projects he might prepare the ground, the college library, the university library, and leaving execution to the sections and their the university's engineering library. For ex- committees; on the other hand, some under- ample: What are other libraries doing to takings, proposed at section meetings, might improve standards for personnel? Where be entrusted to him to carry out. draw the line between professional and non- Those of the engineering section who cite professional? What library staffs have gained their greater benefit from Special Libraries "academic status" and have they found in it Association overlook a parallel which argues any advantages? How far, if at all, should for the affirmative. For, if at meetings of a personnel office control qualifications and S.L.A. they profit by the experience of many salaries of library staff members? What are diverse types of libraries, so within A.C.R.L. reasonable vacations for different grades of they can profit by the marshaled experience staff? What institutions have succeeded in of the several types of libraries that compose bringing their department libraries into the it. For help on the more specialized problems central library building? If the library litera- growing out of the special needs of our engi- ture, after being ransacked, supplies the neering and scientific clienteles we can still answers, well and good; but too often with turn to our colleagues within the section and us it has been necessary to enter an appeal to within the professional societies, by corre- the good nature of ever-patient and always spondence and through meetings and com- helpful Ernest J. Reece at Columbia. If the mittee work. But a general college advisory proposed advisory service had existed at service, properly headed and staffed, can, I Chicago it could have helped promptly on believe, render a continuous and prompt serv- such problems. ice not to be expected through correspondence The reference librarians of engineering or committees. libraries could utilize the proposed service in almost unlimited ways, if the director were WILLIAM N. SEAVER

Junior College Libraries

The more than five hundred junior colleges might require of a college advisory office of the country vary widely in educational would vary equally. As the "frozen" director programs, size, and support. Their libraries of the Junior College Libraries Section of the vary equally, and the services which they A.C.R.L. and particularly as one no longer

170 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES affiliated with a junior college library, I felt ture dealing with college libraries, specific it advisable to supplement my own convictions studies and plans are rare. Blueprints at vari- by consulting the officers and some members ous cost levels, designed to serve the needs of of the section.1 Specifically, I asked two junior colleges of various sizes and varied cur- ricula. Names and addresses of architects and questions: the first, an inquiry as to the desir- of dealers—the latter to accompany lists of ability of establishing such an office; the minimum, moderate, and desirable equipment, second, a query as to the special services which since, as Miss Clay notes, administrators some- might be rendered to junior college libraries. times plan and furnish libraries before a li- The reactions embodied in this brief report brarian is appointed. are the result of this collaboration. A vain 3. Reference and advisory service through a effort was made to include reactions of junior study of the material already available in the college administrators as well. Headquarters Library and through the acquisi- Without exception, the junior college li- tion of additional articles, studies, surveys, an- nual reports, and the like relating to the junior brarians consulted approved the establishment college library. Specific problems concerning of a strong centralized office, set up as a adequate financing, staff, selection of book dealer clearinghouse for college and reference library or periodical agent, or the like might be con- problems. The conviction that the consultant sidered by the consultant or referred elsewhere. should be an individual of marked ability and 4. Research. The office should undertake some, "real" authority, responsible to the A.C.R.L., encourage and supervise other, studies of junior was widely held. Although no inquiry as to college library problems. Might it be possible financing was made, more than one librarian to develop a file of copies of relevant question- called attention to the necessity for adequate naires sent out by junior colleges or by graduate financing. If the proposed A.L.A. budget for library schools? support of an "advisory and information serv- 5. Statistics. Standards and definitions for keeping records should be adopted ; statistics con- ice," supplemented by whatever additional sum cerning junior college libraries should be col- may be pledged by the A.C.R.L., is not suffi- lected and published. Previous coverage by both cient to attract a leader into the position, it A.L.A. and the Office of Education has been in- is my personal belief that A.C.R.L. support adequate or has failed to reach publication. of the project should be withdrawn. Experi- 6. Supplement present resources for teaching mental years are crucial years, and the initia- the use of the library. Develop a satisfactory tion of this project should be undertaken by a film for teaching use of the library in junior college library specialist whose qualifications colleges and small colleges. Emphasis should would be a fair guarantee of its success. be on teaching rather than entertainment value. Films available now are not well suited to junior Among the services such an office could offer college use. or promote, the following would be of value 7. Stimulate professional growth in junior col- to junior college librarians: lege librarians and assist administrators in gain- ing an understanding of what adequate library 1. Book selection. An evaluation of new service should be and in recognizing the library reference books and periodicals on the basis of as an integral teaching unit in the college. probable use at the junior college level. The publication of a supplement to the Shaw and/or Mohrhardt list. In addition, a new monthly, A number of other activities might be bimonthly, or less frequently published book mentioned: cooperating with local or regional list covering current materials considered agencies in revising or devising adequate especially desirable for junior college purchase standards; representing the needs of junior in various subject fields, both general and tech- college libraries to boards or corporations nical. making grants to libraries; assisting in place- 2. Planning library buildings. Though junior ment service. These suggestions are simply college libraries are represented in the litera- indicative of fields in which assistance and

1 Wave L. Noggle, Virginia Junior College; Mary constructive leadership might be rendered. Harrison Clay, Northeast Junior College; Mary Eliz- Recent increased consideration of the prob- abeth Ambler, Blackburn College; Mary Vick Burney, University of Tennessee Junior College; Sister Mary lems of general education, as indicated by the Bernadette Phillips, Georgetown Visitation Junior College; Mrs. Winifred Wright Schlosser, Herzl announced adoption of the Chicago and unior College; Winifred Evelyn Skinner, Pasadena Princeton plans and the publication of the unior College; Lola Rivers Thompson, John Tarle- ton College. Harvard report, might well serve to call atten-

APRIL, 1946 171 N

tion to the unique opportunities for general strong, centralized office could be of great education which junior colleges can provide. value to librarians in meeting the problems The present and anticipated overcrowding of the junior college must help solve if modern four-year colleges and graduate schools is man is not to become obsolete. likely to be reflected in increased enrolment in junior colleges. The organization of a Lois E. ENGLEMAN

Libraries of Teacher- Training Institutions In discussing the question concerning ad- could coordinate this work and develop goals visory and information service at A.L.A. and ways and means to achieve improved Headquarters as it would benefit the teachers' service. All too often we find the same colleges, let us first of all recognize the fact generalizations reiterated year after year at that each and every institution of higher conventions, in library schools, or in published learning is faced today with the same challenge literature for librarians. Will we continue to contribute its best in an effort to meet the to be isolationists? Or can we put forth varied postwar problems, and that teachers' greater effort to understand trends, to co- colleges are not to be confused with the operate with the faculty in the entire program original "normal schools" that concerned of instruction, to analyze, to evaluate, and to themselves chiefly with pedagogical methods. be able to offer constructive ideas in helping General education for a broader culture librarians formulate programs in programs and participation in the betterment of the for training teachers? areas they serve is definitely the concern of Teachers' college librarians, as one of the teachers' colleges. They have been active seven sections of A.C.R.L., would welcome during the war years in restudying and re- a type of service at Headquarters that would: vising their programs to prepare temporary 1. Promote a unified program among the teachers for the wartime shortage. At the A.C.R.L. sections. same time, they are holding tenaciously to the 2. Insure continuity for development of such a standards that shall again be established for program by cooperative experimentation. the teaching profession. They need the same 3. Act as a clearinghouse for improved pro- information, up-to-date materials, guidance, fessional ideas, not necessarily answering all and cooperation that the university and the questions, but being able to refer them to insti- liberal arts colleges need. tutions or individuals that have done outstanding research or to groups that have begun the study What can librarians contribute in the new of topics of immediate concern. developments in industry and education? 4. Develop improved relations between li- How can they best adapt their work to the brarians and instructors. entire program of the institution and area 5. Study the programs for librarianship offered they serve? What has been done in experi- in library schools. mentation? How can we avoid the havoc of 6. Advise on opportunities in international co- duplication of effort in developing certain operation. procedures? Much has been done to chart 7. Disseminate through College and Research the way, with little or no coordination to make Libraries the educational guidance so much such information available. A centralized needed as issues change and new problems de- agency that keeps in touch with work and velop. experimentation done in other institutions MARY FLOYD

University Libraries At its October meeting the Executive Board aries released thereby should be pooled into a of the American Library Association took ac- budget to be used for supporting an "advisory tion which provided that on the retirement of and information service." In view of the various specialists at Headquarters the sal- widespread discussion of the relationship be-

172 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES tween the American Library Association and help in the form of even one full-time paid the libraries which form the constituency of staff member. Meetings have been planned the Association of College and Reference in the same manner. The first need to be met Libraries and of a somewhat general dissatis- is assistance in publication, both of the journal faction with the services which the American and other materials, and in the planning of Library Association renders to academic li- stimulating meetings. It seems doubtful if braries, it seems proper at this point to enquire the contemplated reorganization can provide what services might reasonably be provided— this specialized interest and service within and accepted. The viewpoint throughout is the scope of its activities, particularly as prob- that of the university librarian. lems of general concern to all librarians are There is a strong feeling in some quarters due to be stressed. that the Association of College and Reference In the second place, how useful will a Libraries should evolve into an organization general "advisory and information service" be which will more nearly parallel that of the to university librarians? Information perhaps, learned societies in order to develop the but advice, no. Even information would be discipline of librarianship on a more profes- apt to be limited to the collection and compila- sional and scholarly plane. Using this as a tion of statistical data, unless an exceedingly point of departure, what services does a competent specialist in academic librarianship learned society render its members? In the can be placed on the staff. And it seems very first place, it provides opportunity for the unlikely that many university librarians would dissemination of pertinent knowledge through call for and be willing to accept advice unless the medium of a journal supplemented, in a top-flight person were available for con- some cases, by an active publication program. sultation. Second, it furnishes opportunities for its mem- In other words, the proposed reorganization bers to meet by holding conferences where at American Library Association Head- ideas may be presented and problems discussed. quarters seems to hold little promise for There may be auxiliary enterprises, but these university libraries. What is needed, and this appear to be the main activities. It is worth seems reasonable enough, is an individual with noting that both of the above points were in- a good background and experience in academic cluded in the report of the policies committee librarianship on the staff, who would devote presented to the Association of College and his entire time to furthering the interests of Reference Libraries Board of Directors at this group of libraries. Suggested activities the Boston meeting. How well have these along these lines are the cultivation of mutual objectives been carried forward? At present understanding between librarians and their the journal, College and Research Libraries, colleagues in the learned societies, the planning is functioning at a high level and meetings are of stimulating meetings, increasing the mem- held. Is there cause for dissatisfaction then, bership of the Association of College and with the present, and the contemplated, ar- Reference Libraries, the encouragement of rangement? It would seem so. The success study and research on problems of outstanding which College and Research Libraries has and mutual concern, and the development of enjoyed has been due to the energetic activities an active program of publication. of a band of volunteer workers without any CARL W. E. HINTZ

APRIL, 1946 173 Personnel HE University of California has an- T nounced the appointment of John Mac- kenzie Cory as associate librarian, effective Dec. I, 1945. Mr. Cory returns to the staff after an absence of seven years and will be re- sponsible for the readers service departments, including reference, loan and shelf, browsing, and the branch libraries. He replaces Jerome K. Wilcox, who has recently assumed the position of librarian of the College of the City of New York. After graduate study in librarianship at California and Chicago, Mr. Cory went to the University of Alabama as director of libraries, in charge of the reorganization and expansion of that library system. During the war he served successively as senior public library specialist, U.S. Office of Education; chief, Library Program Division, U.S. Office of War Information; and as an officer in the Air Transport Command. John Mackenzie Cory Mr. Cory will bring a valuable background of both local and general experience to the wartime service with the federal government, University of California Library at a time his membership in the A.L.A. Library Exten- when it is preparing plans for extensive physi- sion Board, and extensive study under an cal expansion and improved library service to A.L.A. fellowship, Mr. Cory has had unusual the rapidly increasing postwar enrolment of opportunities to obtain a broad view of li- the university. In addition to being a graduate brary services and problems throughout the of the university and its library school, Mr. country. Cory is familiar with the operations of the In assuming his new duties Mr. Cory has library through previous service in three of expressed a desire to develop the library's its departments. He has retained an active services along two principal channels: ex- membership in the California Library Associa- panded general library services, primarily for tion and has shown continued interest in the undergraduate user; and specialized California library activities during his period services for the graduate students, faculty of service elsewhere. members, and other research users of the Uni- On going to the University of Alabama versity of California Library. Anticipating the Library in 1940, at the time of the opening of eventual division of the library's services along its new Gorgas Memorial Library, Mr. Cory these lines, with completion of the projected had a unique opportunity to supervise the annex for undergraduate service, Mr. Cory transition of that institution's library facilities is initiating several programs for the improve- from a group of decentralized college and ment of general and special services in the special libraries to a centrally administered existing building. and functionally organized university library system. During this period he experimented YON N. RICHARDSON has been appointed as successfully with improved student orientation I materials, specialized microfilm reading room j director of libraries of Western Reserve services, and the service aspects of special University and professor of English, succeeding materials and special collections. From his Herbert S. Hirshberg who resigned last June to become editorial consultant for the Ameri- 174 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES 1

\

cana Corporation of New York. Since that Eleanor M. Hickin, who has been librarian time George F. Strong, associate director, since 1921. has been acting director. Mr. Parker received his B.A. from Middle- Dr. Richardson has been associate professor bury College in 1934. After graduating from of English at Adelbert College since 1945, Columbia Library School in 1935, he worked editor of Western Reserve University publica- in the Reference Department of the New tions, faculty adviser of the Reserve Tribune, York Public Library as stack supervisor. He chairman of the committee on American cul- also served as librarian for the Pynson ture, and teacher of American literature in the Printers, publishers of The Colophon. Sum- graduate school. He is the author of A mers were spent at the Bread Loaf School of History of Early American Magazines, author English of Middlebury College as librarian and editor of "Henry James," comprising a while securing an M.A. in English. A year biography and selected essays, "Men of Let- of travel on the Continent before the war ters in the Hayes Administration," "George increased his knowledge of the liberal arts as William Curtis and Civil Service Reform," well as his skiing ability. and is engaged in a two-volume anthology of Mr. Parker was librarian at Middlebury American literature. College for four years prior to the war. Dr. Richardson has been a member of the There, a large collection of foreign books and Western Reserve University faculty since a collection of rare Americana demanded con- 1927, when he was named an instructor in centration on administration. He was a English. He was assistant dean of Adelbert director of the Vermont Historical Society College from 1929 to 1935 and assistant and a trustee and W.P.A. personnel director professor of English from 1935 to 1943. He of the Sheldon Museum, an historical collec- received his bachelor of arts degree in 1921 tion of regional importance. and his master's degree in 1925 from Western After two years' service in the Office of Reserve and his degree of doctor of philosophy Naval Intelligence and on Admiral King's in 1931 from Columbia University. staff in Washington, D.C., he spent two years overseas as intelligence officer on General YMAN W. PARKER was appointed li- MacArthur's naval staff in Australia and New Wbrarian of Kenyon College in Gambier, Guinea and on the staff of the admiral com- Ohio, in January upon his release from active manding allied submarines patrolling in the duty in the United States Navy. He replaces South China Sea.

APRIL, 1946 175 Library Service, receiving his M.S. in 1939. In the fall of 1939 he returned to San Jose State College, where he resumed his teaching activities and was responsible for expediting the move from the old to the new library building. From 1942 until his current appointment, Mr. Gitler served in various assignments as an officer in the Navy. He devised a new and intensive training program for the Navy's Negro personnel and was responsible for much of the interracial orientation techniques that were applied by the Navy to units with which he saw service in the Pacific theatre of the war. While overseas he was responsible for the classification of ten thousand men for skills, ratings, and education, as well as the direction of work assignments and preparation of job analysis and work distribution reports, and was active in the disposition and assign- Robert L. Gitler ment of Negro personnel in Com.Serv.Pac. He was recalled to Washington for special duty in this field, carried on an officer training N Mar. I, 1946, after three and one-half program at Hampton Institute, and concluded O years as an officer in the United States his naval service as commanding officer of the Navy, Robert L. Gitler became the director of Stewards Mates School, Bainbridge, Md. the School of Librarianship at the University Before entering the service, Mr. Gitler was of Washington in Seattle, succeeding Ruth active in professional library associations, serv- Worden, director since 1935. ing on numerous committees and holding While an undergraduate at the University offices. For 1940-41 he was chairman of the of California, Mr. Gitler became a student college and university section, California assistant in the university library, and, upon Library Association. He has also contributed receiving his B.A. degree in 1930, he entered to library and educational periodicals. the School of Librarianship at Berkeley, completing the prescribed curriculum in 1931. George A. Osborn In July 1931 Mr. Gitler went to San Jose State College as circulation librarian. Within EORGE A. OSBORN retired from the li- the next few years the college broadened the G brarianship of the Rutgers University base of its curriculum from that of a teachers' Library last summer, on June 24, 1945. He college to a full liberal and industrial arts had served in the library of his Alma Mater program, with a resultant growth in its enrol- continuously for more than fifty years, since ment from fourteen hundred to four thousand his freshman year as a student in 1893. Even students. This provided an opportunity for as a student assistant he had quickly absorbed administrative expansion and experimentation principal responsibility for the library, con- in his work with the head librarian and staff, tinuing as its administrator without the title and in 1936 he was charged with much of the for a number of years after graduaton, and assistance rendered the administration in the receiving appointment in 1907 as the first full- planning of the new library building. At this time librarian of the institution. Even as time Mr. Gitler acquired instructional status, student "heir presumptive" he converted some teaching courses in book selection and book 28,000 volumes into a library in fact, and went appreciation as well as the general course in on over the years, with inspired industry, skill, the use of books and libraries. and perseverence, to build that small college On leave of absence in 1938, Mr. Gitler library into a major university library with attended the Columbia University School of holdings of half a million. His great achieve-

176 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES ment has left a rich legacy not only to Rutgers places the individual library user at the focal University but also to librarianship. point of the library, its purposes and its serv- The achievements of George A. Osborn in a ices; it exemplifies an industry and persistence lifetime of service to Rutgers University and which cannot fail to achieve; it is a practical its library reflect a very vital kind of librarian- and productive kind of librarianship which ship that seems to belie in many ways the kind never allows means to obscure or defeat ends; of man this librarian was. His modesty and and it is a librarianship that is leavened with self-effacement were innate qualities so pro- a quiet sense of humor and a generosity ®f nounced as to suggest at times the monastic, spirit that carry the librarian over the rough yet his sense of purpose and conviction was so places. strong as to inspire the confidence of others Harold F. Brigham and overcome all obstacles. Indiana State Library The librarianship of George Osborn of Rutgers may best be characterized by these Frank K. Walter attributes: It reflects a broad knowledge of materials and appreciation of their importance; The many friends of Frank K. Walter, who it signifies a devotion to scholarship and to died on Oct. 28, 1945, may wish to reread the the service of scholarship; it is based on a tribute paid to him by J. Christian Bay in complete devotion both to the ideal of service the September 1943 issue of College and Re- and to practical realization of the ideal; it search Libraries.

Appointments Charles W. David, director of libraries of Donald A. Sinclair, recently released from the University of Pennsylvania, has announced the Army, has returned to the Rutgers Uni- three major administrative appointments. versity Library as curator of New Jerseyana. Dorothy Bemis has been given leave as li- William B. Wood is now librarian of the brarian of the Lippincott Library of the Gordon College of Theology and Missions Wharton School of Finance to act as assistant in Boston. to the director. Arthur T. Hamlin, former John B. Stratton, ex-Army, has become research assistant in the university library's assistant circulation librarian of the Ohio reference department and more recently re- State University Library. search analyst in the Office of the Chief of Jane Baker Hobson left the Brattleboro, Naval Operations, is chief of service to Vt., Public Library, where she had been li- readers. Rudolf Hirsch, formerly director of brarian since 1941, to accept the position of the Philadelphia Bibliographical Center and head of circulation of the University of Mary- more recently in Europe on overseas duty with land at College Park. the Office of War Information, has been Frances Farmer has been appointed law named as chief of technical processes. Miss librarian of the University of Virginia. Bemis will continue to act in an advisory Arthur Weston, professor in the classics capacity to Harriet Lawrence, acting librarian department of Lawrence College, Appleton, of the Lippincott Library. Wis., has been appointed librarian. Jack Brown, assistant in science and tech- G. S. Baillie was recently appointed libra- nology, New York Public Library, has been rian of the Georgia Teachers College, College- appointed assistant librarian of Brown Uni- boro. Prior to this appointment, Mr. Baillie versity. was a member of the library staff at Stephens Robert J. Stockho, recently released from College and more recently at the University military service, has been appointed reference of Missouri. librarian of Union College, Schenectady, N.Y. Virginia Murphy recently accepted the co- Dorothea Singer, formerly chief reviser at ordinate college librarianship at the University the School of Library Service, Columbia Uni- of Georgia where she will develop and direct versity, became senior cataloger of the Law the library program for freshmen. Miss Library of New York University on February Murphy has formerly been at Mississippi I. State College for Women, Duke University,

APRIL, 1946 177 and the Roanoke, Va., Public Library. ing the Navy he was an instructor in the Roberta M. Ryan, former assistant in the department of history at William and Mary Law Library of the University of Virginia, and college archivist assigned to research on has been appointed head of the circulation the proposed history of the college. department at the Georgia State College for E. Judson Humeston, Jr., has been ap- Women, Milledgeville. pointed librarian at Kansas State Teachers David C. Duniway began his new duties as College, Pittsburg, to succeed Ralph A. Fritz state archivist at the Oregon State Library who became librarian at Pennsylvania State on January 5. Mr. Duniway has been em- Teachers College, Kutztown, in September ployed by the National Archives at Washing- 1945. Dr. Humeston is now serving in the ton for the past eight years and has been the Army and after his discharge will complete field representative for archival work for the some work at George Peabody College before Office of Price Administration on the West he takes up his duties as librarian. He was Coast. He has also served as secretary of formerly on the faculty at Hollins College, the American Association for State and Local Va., and has taught at the Taft School, History for the last five years. Watertown, Conn., and the Princeton tutoring Lois Baker, law librarian of the University school. of Oregon, is on leave of absence for a year. Lucille Shanklin has been appointed li- Rita Ridings, reference librarian on leave from brarian at Friends University, Wichita, Kan., the University of Wyoming Library, is law to succeed Alice Beach who recently resigned. librarian of the University of Oregon during Miss Shanklin was formerly at the Hutchin- Mrs. Baker's absence. son, Kan., Army Air Base Library. Jean E. Meyer has been appointed union Margaret Sandlin has been appointed li- cataloger for the Oregon State System of brarian at Sterling College. She succeeds Higher Education. Dorothy Drury who resigned in the summer Lester J. Cappon has resigned as associate of 1945 to become librarian at the Northern professor of American history of the Univer- Baptist Theological Seminary in Chicago. sity of Virginia to accept a position as archivist Alleen Wilson, who has been librarian at of Colonial Williamsburg and research editor Union College, Barbourville, Ky., during the of the Institute of Early American History past two years, became librarian at Baker and Culture, which is sponsored jointly by University on January 1. Colonial Williamsburg and the College of Hattie Osborne, acting librarian at Baker William and Mary. Dr. Cappon, who was University during the war years, has resumed consultant in history and archives for the her work as librarian of the Bishop Quayle Alderman Library at the University of Bible Collection at that institution. Virginia, will continue his connection with Joseph B. Rounds, librarian of the Gros- that library as honorary consultant in archives. venor Library, returned from service with the John Cook Wyllie has returned to the U.S. Army Signal Corps to active direction Alderman Library at the University of Vir- of the Grosvenor Library in November 1945. ginia as curator of rare books, and Francis Julian Park, dean of the College of Arts and Lewis Berkeley, Jr., has returned as curator Sciences of the University of Buffalo, who of manuscripts. Both had been in active war was acting librarian during Mr. Rounds's service. military leave, has been appointed a trustee of Leroy C. Merritt, librarian of the Virginia the library. Dr. Park had resigned an earlier State Teachers College at Farmville, has appointment as a trustee to serve as acting li- returned from a tour of duty in the European brarian. Theatre of Operations with the United States Helen Crawford, formerly classifier at Army where he was assigned to the Library Iowa State College Library, is now in charge Branch of Special Services, Hq. Theatre of the Medical Library at the University of Service Forces. Wisconsin. Robert Hunt Land succeeded E. G. Swem Mary C. Devereaux, on leave of absence as librarian of the College of William and in the service of the Army Air Corps since Mary on Dec. I, 1945. Mr. Land had served !943> resumed her duties as assistant pro- in the Navy since March 1942. Before enter- fessor of library science at the University of

178 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES Wisconsin Library School in September 1945. librarian at Kent, Ohio, State University Li- Victoria Hargrave, formerly extension li- brary on March 1. brarian at Iowa State College, is now li- Robinson Spencer, formerly librarian of brarian of the Lane Library at Ripon College, Willamette University, became cataloger at Ripon, Wis. the Library of the College of the Pacific, Joseph S. Jackson, formerly an assistant in Stockton, Calif., in August 1945. the Kenyon College Library, Gambier, Ohio, Alice Charlton, formerly chief cataloger at became librarian of Carroll College, Wauke- the John Crerar Library, has been appointed sha, Wis., in September 1945. acting chief of the Bibliography Division of Louis Kaplan, who has been in the U.S. the Stanford University Libraries. Navy since March 1943, resumed his duties Kathrine E. Johnson has been appointed as as reference librarian at the University of engineering librarian of the Stanford Univer- Wisconsin on Dec. 1, 1945. Helen Northup sity Libraries. is associate reference librarian at the univer- Melvin C. Oathout, until recently in the sity library. United States Coast Guard, has been ap- Rachel Katherine Schenk, formerly circula- pointed librarian of the Hopkins Transpor- tion librarian at Purdue University, became tation Library of the Stanford University assistant professor of library science at the Libraries. University of Wisconsin Library School in William Howard Brett has been appointed September 1945. to succeed George Farrier as stack super- Loretta Swift, formerly head cataloger at visor at the University of California, Berkeley. Stephens College, Columbia, Mo., is now as- Mr. Brett entered the Army Signal Corps as sistant librarian at Lawrence College. an officer in July 1942 and from March 1945 Donald A. Woods became librarian at the until his discharge in October served as direc- Milwaukee State Teachers College in Sep- tor of the School for Unit Librarians in Lon- tember 1945. He had previously been librarian don and in Paris. of the Wisconsin State Teachers College Li- Douglas W. Bryant has been appointed as- brary, Superior. sistant librarian in charge of the administra- Eva Bowden has been appointed librarian tive office at the University of California, of Lander College, Greenville, S.C. Berkeley. From 1942 to 1945 Mr. Bryant Mrs. Mae S. Johnson has been appointed served as head of the Technical Information librarian of Benedict College, Columbia, S.C. Branch and the Airplane Handbook Section Betsey Fleet, formerly reference assistant of the Navy Department's Bureau of Aero- at Washington and Lee University and nautics in Washington. Before entering the Virginia Military Institute and recently a Navy he was assistant chief of the Burton lieutenant in the WAVES, became reference Historical Collection, Detroit Public Library.

Retirements

Mabel Zoe Wilson has retired after forty- Mrs. Catherine Lipop Graves has retired as three years as librarian of Western Washing- law librarian of the University of Virginia ton College of Education, Bellingham. after thirty-three years of service. Alice D. McKee, reference librarian of Anna M. Tarr, librarian of Lawrence Col- Ohio State University, retired on Dec. 31, lege, Appleton, Wis., since 1926, retired on 1945. She has been on the staff since 1912. February I.

APRIL, 1946 179 The Ame r i can General Book Center for War News from Devastated Libraries, Inc., came into existence in April 1945 as an with responsibility to represent the various outgrowth of a conference held by the Depart- public and private educational institutions ment of State and the Library of Congress. within a state and to cooperate with the U.S. It is sponsored by the Joint Committee on Office of Education. Among other duties, this War Devastated and Other Libraries of the agency, to be known as the state educational Council of National Library Associations and agency for surplus property, is responsible for is recognized as the coordinating agency for collecting estimates of need for items of sur- restocking libraries in Europe and the Far plus property from all eligible educational in- East. The center proposes to conduct a na- stitutions in the state and for transmitting tional campaign to stockpile printed materials promptly to these institutions data and in- useful for scholarly investigation and for the formation supplied by the U.S. Office of Edu- physical, economic, industrial, and social re- cation relative to quantities, condition, prices, habilitation of allied nations. Such materials etc., of surplus property. will be solicited as gifts from publishers, The Journal of the American Institute of learned societies, libraries, educational institu- Architects published in November 1945 a list tions, scholars, scientists, and other individuals of "One Hundred Books on Architecture" throughout the United States. Control of the suitable for public libraries, which had been center is through the following officers and compiled by Dean Turpin C. Bannister under board of directors: Sidney B. Hill, president; the direction of the institute's committee on Frederic G. Melcher, vice president; Wyllis education. A choice of twenty-five titles is E. Wright, secretary; Eleanor S. Cavanaugh, indicated for smaller libraries. Reprints of treasurer; Milton E. Lord, chairman; Luther the list are available on request from the in- H. Evans, Harry Miller Lydenberg, Keyes D. stitute, 1741 New York Ave., N.W., Wash- Metcalf, Brother Aurelian Thomas, and Ed- ington 6, D.C. ward N. Waters. The center early announced The Journal of Higher Education for Octo- the policy of making its services available, in ber 1945 carries an article on "The Program the beginning, only to the allied nations but of the Library School" by Carl M. White, reserved the right to include other nations if director of libraries, Columbia University. and when inclusion was recommended by the Higher Education Looks Ahead (Bulletin Department of State. The principal program 1945, No. 8, U.S. Office of Education) by has been delayed through difficulties of finding E. V. Hollis and R. C. M. Flynt is a useful financial support. It is now hoped that suffi- compilation of reports of postwar plans in the cient funds may be realized through various colleges and universities of the country. national organizations in this country which Among the topics discussed are forces and represent the interests of each of the re- agencies that condition state and local plan- cipient nations. Meanwhile, plans have gone ning, state-wide planning for postwar higher forward to distribute stockpiles of government education, institutional organization for plan- documents and miscellaneous materials in the ning, actions taken and proposed in important hands of certain government agencies in ad- areas of planning, and selected institutional vance of the national stockpiling campaign. plans. The eleven-page bibliography at the The Division of Surplus Property Utiliza- end of the bulletin was prepared by Mrs. tion, U.S. Office of Education, issued a Elizabeth N. Layton. memorandum on Dec. 5, 1945, which deals A compilation useful to veterans and to with state education agencies for surplus prop- librarians assisting veterans is A Guide to Col- erty. The Surplus Property Act of 1944 had leges, Universities and Professional Schools in provided generally "to channel surplus goods the United States, prepared under the direc- on the basis of need to nonprofit school sys- tion of Carter V. Good for the American tems, libraries, universities," etc. To help Council on Education at the request of the carry out this program the legislature or Army. The guide not only contains informa- governor of each state was requested to tion about courses, degrees, and requirements, designate or create an agency by Jan. 1, 1946, but also about such matters as housing for

180 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES tion. The courses in the summer quarter will the Field be taught by John B. Nicholson, Jr., librarian, and Mrs. Ola W. Whetten. married students, opportunities for part-time Charles W. David, director of libraries of work, campus regulations, etc. the University of Pennsylvania, reports that In Historia, Organization y Servicios de la the library received as a gift a small collection Biblioteca del Congreso de Los Estados Uni- of manuscript city records from Gross Gerau dos de America (Buenos Aires, 1945. 47P-) in Hessen, Germany, extending from 1583 to Jorge B. Vivas reviews the history, services, 1642. The donor's slip which accompanied the objectives, collections, finances, and organiza- gift stated, "They were taken from a prisoner tion of the Library of Congress, in a Nazi camp by an American who sent them to us." Dr. David writes further: More than three We feel that these records are of value to the East hundred volumes con- city of Gross Gerau, and that it would be wrong nected with the life for us to keep them here. We are accordingly and work of Charles Dickens and some fifty taking steps to return them to the city of Gross framed prints of portraits of him and charac- Gerau at the earliest possible moment. We feel ters in his novels have recently been received moreover that this small transaction is worthy by the Colby College Library. The books and of some publicity, since we are anxious to exert pictures, together with hundreds of pamphlets what influence we can against the impulse to appropriate the cultural possessions of a con- and clippings, were gathered by the late W. O. quered enemy. Fuller, for sixty-seven years editor of the Rockland, Me., Courier Gazette, and have The University of Pennsylvania Library been presented by his widow as a memorial to opened an exhibition of Franklin's work on him. The collection is particularly strong in electricity to the public on January 19 to co- guidebooks and interpretative material, but in- incide with founder's day. Many private col- cludes several complete sets and many separate lectors and Philadelphia institutions loaned volumes of the works themselves. unusual items for this exhibit. On February 22 the Colby College Library, The Colby College Library celebrated its in its meeting of associates, memorialized the homecoming on Nov. 10, 1945, with two fiftieth anniversary of the publication of A. E. exhibitions of interest. Between 150 and 200 Housman's A Shropshire Lad. Professor copies of newspapers sent back by Colby Carl J. Weber presented his collection of more alumni from military fronts and cities all over than sixty editions of the poem, many in mint the world were displayed in the main reading condition and exceedingly rare, to the library. room. In the treasure room representative Gilmore Warner, librarian, announced the items from the book arts, Robinson, and publication by the library of the jubilee edi- Hardy collections, the "sentimental library" tion of A Shropshire Lad (Southworth-An- of association items, manuscripts, and letters, thoensen Press, $3), edited by Dr. Weber and and early and foreign imprints were exhibited. containing notes and a detailed semicentennial Baldwin-Wallace College, Berea, Ohio, has bibliography of the editions. announced a gift of $125,000 from George W. During the summer quarter of 1946 two Ritter, an attorney of Cincinnati, for a library courses will be offered at Kent State Univer- building to be known as the Ritter Library in sity by a newly formed department of library memory of Mr. Ritter's parents. It will pro- science, which will offer credit to teacher- vide space for one hundred thousand volumes, librarians. These courses are a response to and will be equipped to meet the needs of a the North Central Association's requirements thousand students. James W. Pugsley is li- that school librarians must have a minimum brarian. of six semester hours in library science and in The University of Akron's Bierce Library some cases must have a minimum of sixteen is working on blueprints for an addition to the semester hours. In the fall quarter a series present library building for temporary use. A of six courses will begin and will run through- new library building is planned as one of a out the year, making it possible to have a group of new university buildings, a project minor in library science in the school of educa- made possible by a gift of $605,000 from the

APRIL, 1946 181 rubber companies in the Akron area in Octo- used over a five-year period. The new de- ber 1945. partment of teacher-librarian training is un- In April 1945 the Bierce Library, University der the direction of Alice Louise LeFevre. of Akron, cooperating with the Akron Public The curriculum provides opportunity for Library, began publication of the bulletin candidates for the A.B. or the B.S. degrees Facts and Figures, for business and labor in- to present either a major of twenty-four terests. Topics covered, under the general semester hours or a minor of fifteen semester heading of "Tools for Business Planning" hours in library science and to meet the re- have been: (1) Transition from war to peace, quirements for state certification. The (2) How to keep abreast of happenings in courses are planned with the needs of school Washington, and (3) Designs for community librarians in mind, with emphasis upon the planning. Josephine A. Cushman is librarian. function of the school library as a coordinat- Goddard College Library has been loaned ing agency with public and county libraries in a private collection of about two thousand the community. Quarters in the library volumes by a member of the Goddard College building include a library room to house the faculty. The collection includes modern professional and study collection of books. poetry, sets of modern and nineteenth-century Dorothy W. Curtiss, assistant professor at authors (among them D. H. Lawrence, the Columbia University School of Library Christopher Morley, and Thoreau), first edi- Service, organized and cataloged the initial tions, signed editions, and sets of Transition, book collection. New Writing, and Print. The Beech Aircraft Corporation of Wichita has given five thousand dollars to the Uni- The Macalester versity of Wichita for the purchase of tech- Middle West College Library re- nical books and periodicals in the field of cently completed cat- aviation. Other libraries and institutions in aloging its Neill Collection of old and rare the area will be encouraged to make use of books and manuscripts and opened the collec- the materials. tion for the use of students, faculty, and other A valuable collection of historical documents scholars, according to an announcement made was recently given to the Abbey Library at by William P. Tucker, librarian. The col- St. Benedicts College, Atchison, Kan., by the lection—chiefly history, biography, and de- Rev. R. F. Paquette of Newport, Mich. scription and travel pertaining to the early Nineteen of the 140 pieces are parchment Minnesota region—consists of some 1600 manuscripts—papal bulls, rescripts, and let- books in addition to manuscripts and pictures. ters, dating from about 1550 to 1800, with a Other valuable items include early Americana few from the duchy of Venice dated about in general, a few incunabula, early Bibles, and 1790. Most of these are in Latin, some are in Bibles in many languages, including some of Italian. Most of the documents on paper are the American Indian tongues. Manuscript manuscripts, but a few, including ten passports items include letters written by William Penn, (Papal States, Italy, Sardinia), a number of George Washington, Henry Wadsworth hunting licenses, permits to sell liquor, etc., Longfellow, William Dean Howells, William are filled-in forms, all with dates between 1840 Cullen Bryant, and John Greenleaf Whittier. and i860. Five original letters dealing with The collection was given by Edward Duffield the Napoleonic wars, and apparently so far Neill, pioneer educator, historian, minister, unpublished, are included in the collection. and public official, who at one time served as The only pieces in English are two letters of private secretary to President Lincoln and as introduction for the sons of the Marquis American consul in Dublin. Torlonia (Rome). One of them is dated at A new program for the preparation of Leghorn, Feb. 26, 1803; the other, at Birming- teacher-librarians has been introduced at ham, Sept. 19, 1804. Western Michigan College of Education, In order to make the Ottawa University Kalamazoo, beginning with the academic year Library more useful to the students and fac- 1945-46. The program is supported jointly ulty, the librarian, Lucille Childears, has by the college and by the W. K. Kellogg rearranged the books according to the divi- Foundation which has set aside $44,000 to be sional plan. Books most in demand are placed

182 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES on open shelves in divisional groups corre- has received a grant of thirty thousand dol- sponding to the divisions of the college cur- lars from the General Education Board. The riculum. Duplicates and more specialized fund will be used to purchase back files of books remain in the stacks. The arrangement technical and scientific journals to support increases administrative problems but has research and graduate study in the engineer- proved quite satisfactory. ing fields. An article by Ralph A. Fritz, former li- An Index of Indexes and Minor Collections brarian, and Esther Park, reference librarian, not fully displayed in the card catalog of the State Teachers College, Pittsburg, Kan., en- Library of the University of Texas (Prelim, titled "Seeing Contemporary Affairs" appeared ed. Austin, Library of the University of in the October 1945 issue of See and Hear, Texas, 1945. 29p. Mimeo.) is a guide to a new periodical on audio-visual learning. 124 different collections in the various de- partments of that library, which has been pre- The Classified List pared mainly for the guidance of the Texas South of Periodicals for staff. However, since most large libraries College Libraries and tend to make indexes of special files and col- the Classified List of Reference Books for lections, it is of interest to others as an ex- College Libraries, which were distributed in ample of a well-organized guide to such 1940 by the Southern Association of Colleges sources of information. The listing of some and Secondary Schools, are now being revised of the collections may also be suggestive and under the editorship of W. Stanley Hoole, helpful to librarians responsible for inter- director of libraries, University of Alabama. library borrowing. The arrangement is by A committee under the chairmanship of Mrs. department, and there is a fairly detailed Brainard Cheney, reference librarian, Joint index of subjects and proper names. University Libraries, Nashville, is revising the The University of North Carolina Library list of reference books; and a committee, of has been presented the personal library of the which Virginia Trumper, serials librarian, late Edward Vernon Howell, former dean of Woman's College of the University of North the school of pharmacy, by his nephew, Kay Carolina, is chairman, is responsible for the Kyser. The collection is especially rich in list of periodicals. The work of the commit- historical botanical materials, early herbals tees is being supervised by a college library both European and American, and North advisory committee of which A. F. Kuhlman, Caroliniana. It also includes valuable manu- director, Joint University Libraries, is chair- script material concerning Henri Harrisse man. It is hoped that the revised lists will be which Dean Howell had collected with the available by October 1946. purpose of writing a biography of that dis- The University of Alabama Library was tinguished historian. recently presented with approximately two The Friends of the University of North hundred books by and about Edmund Burke. Carolina organization has been active in the The collection was the gift of the widow of publication of the Bookmark, a leaflet of li- Colonel Hopson Owen Murfee, who was sec- brary news which appears at irregular inter- retary of the Edmund Burke American Me- vals and has now reached six numbers. The morial Committee for the Original Thirteen present officers of the Friends of the Library American Colonies. are: Louis R. Wilson, chairman; John Sprunt The University of Georgia Libraries re- Hill, honorary chairman; F. M. Hanes, vice cently received the personal library of John chairman; Charles E. Rush, ex officio secre- Wilkinson Jenkins, who for twenty-five years tary; Mrs. Lyman Cotten, secretary; Mary was professor of economics at the university. Thornton, assistant secretary. The gift of 1050 volumes and several thousand Wake Forest College, Wake Forest, N.C., pamphlets, covering the general subject of eco- reports that funds for a library building to nomics and particularly the fields of trans- cost five hundred thousand dollars are rap- portation, marketing, and investments, was idly coming in. A stack capable of housing made by Mrs. Jenkins as a memorial to her 250,000 volumes is contemplated. The li- husband. brary, now numbers approximately 70,000 The Georgia School of Technology Library volumes.

APRIL, 1946 183 Funds for a survey of the University of ander Spotswood on the twentieth day of July South Carolina libraries have been granted IT39, number five of the Publications of the by the General Education Board. The sur- Tracy W. McGregor Library. vey is being conducted by Louis R. Wilson The Alexander Macaulay Memorial Col- and Maurice F. Tauber. lection of the College of William and Mary The Greensboro Library Club of North now numbers about one thousand titles. The Carolina undertook, in 1945, the listing of collection is a memorial to a Virginian who periodical holdings of the libraries in Greens- died in 1813 at Pasto, Colombia, in the strug- boro and vicinity, including Greensboro Col- gle for the independence of the countries lege, Guilford College, and the Woman's Col- which make up Gran Colombia. It was lege of the University of North Carolina. begun at the suggestion of E. G. Swem and Virginia Trumper, of the Woman's College, has been made possible through the coopera- has edited this union list and has made it tion of Enrique Naranjo, of Boston. Its pur- available for distribution in mimeographed pose is to give the students and faculty an form. enlarged concept of the history, literature, A guide to the collection of bound magazines and general culture of South American coun- and important indexes in the East Carolina tries through the writings of authors of those Teachers College Library, Greenville, has countries. been compiled and published by Wendell W. The Federal Works Agency recently ap- Smiley, librarian. proved $32,000 to defray the architect's fees The Southern Association of Colleges and for preliminary sketches for the new library Secondary Schools is planning a third work building at the University of Georgia. Plans conference for the summer of 1946. W. are being developed for a modular type build- Stanley Hoole, director of libraries, Univer- ing with subject divisional reading rooms, sity of Alabama, is serving as the library con- bookstack areas, seminar rooms, and faculty sultant for the committee on work conferences. studies. It is estimated that the building, During World War II the Virginia State which will be named the "Ilah Dunlap Little Library microfilmed some 660,000 manuscript Memorial Library," will cost approximately pages or items, most of them security copies one million dollars. of early public records of counties in eastern On Nov. 19, 1945, the Friends of the Duke Virginia. The library also copied by photo- University Libraries met for the annual meet- stat some 140,000 pages or items, including ing. The speaker was Julian P. Boyd, li- 142 county record books, and restored some brarian of Princeton University and a former 170,000 manuscripts and printed pages. student of Duke University. Dr. Boyd spoke The Virginia State Library has taken over on the subject ". . . But Written Letter most of the extension loan service of the Ex- Dwelleth." He discussed the broader prob- tension Division of the University of Virginia. lems of libraries in their relation to ed- However, books in those fields in which the ucational aims and the major aspects of state library does not specialize, such as tech- responsibilities that face teachers and scholars nology, are still available from the Alderman in relation to the materials of scholarship. Library of the University of Virginia. By On Dec. 3, 1945, the Staff Association of this cooperative arrangement the resources of the Duke University Libraries held a meeting the two largest libraries of the state support with the staff of the University of North serious study and investigation. Carolina Library as its guests. The speaker The Alderman Library at the University was Harvie Branscomb, dean of the divinity of Virginia has recently issued three publica- school and former director of the Duke Uni- tions: (1) the Fourteenth Annual Report on versity Libraries. In his address on "Library Historical Collections, University of Virginia Development in Brazil," he described the work Library, for the Year 1943-44; (2) a fac- of the commission, of which he was a member, simile of the 1828 Catalogue of the Library of appointed by the American Library Association the University of Virginia, number six in the to visit Brazil and to advise their department University of Virginia Bibliographical Series; of education concerning the reorganization of and (3) Iron Works at Tuball: Terms and the National Library of Brazil. Conditions for their Lease as stated by Alex- The University of South Carolina Library

184 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES expects to complete its reclassification from of librarianship, the librarian of each campus Cutter to Dewey during the next three years. having a single library, and the ranking li- The General Education Board has contributed brarian of campuses having more than one to the project six thousand dollars outright library. The executive committee, consisting and thirty thousand dollars on a matching of the head librarians of the university's li- basis. braries at Berkeley and Los Angeles and the During its centennial celebration, Lime- dean of the library school, is empowered to stone College, Gaffney, S.C., received from prepare agenda for meetings and to deal with alumnae several hundred documents relating questions affecting only the university's larger to the history of the college. libraries. Because of its small size, the ex- The State Medical College of South Caro- ecutive committee has no formal chairman, lina has been given the library of L. M. but it does have a secretary whose position Stokes, a trustee of the college. will rotate biennially between the Berkeley Mrs. J. H. Crosland, librarian of the Geor- librarian, the Los Angeles librarian, and the gia School of Technology, was named Atlanta dean of the school of librarianship, in that Woman of the Year in Education for 1945. order. Donald Coney is secretary for the Last year Mrs. Crosland, who has been li- years 1946 and 1947, after which the position brarian since 1927, obtained a grant of thirty will pass to Dr. Powell at Los Angeles. thousand dollars to the library from the Gen- Pacific College Library, Newberg, Ore., has eral Education Board. assembled a "Quaker Corner" of 532 volumes of biography, memoirs, history of Friends, The Regents of the and books written by Quakers, including re- West University of Cali- ligious works and fiction. The collection is fornia have author- being used by historians and people interested ized a survey of the book collections in the in tracing their ancestors as well as by stu- university libraries. The university has eight dents in church history classes. campuses in all, with separate institutions at The University of British Columbia Li- Berkeley, Los Angeles, Davis, Santa Barbara, brary has received a substantial gift from the La Jolla, and Mount Hamilton. The num- Lady Lions Club of Vancouver. The money ber of accessioned volumes within the system is being used for recreational reading collec- runs to more than two million. The purposes tions for the residence huts and students' co- of the survey are to assess the present operative houses. strengths and weaknesses of the several col- An increased state library appropriation of lections, to ascertain possibilities of avoiding $15,000 by the 1945 Oregon legislature has duplication within the system, and to lay the made possible the creation of the position of foundation for a systematic acquisitions pro- state archivist at the Oregon State Library. gram for the next decade. President Robert David C. Duniway, formerly at the National Gordon Sproul of the university appointed Archives at Washington, has been appointed Fulmer Mood to conduct the work of the to the position. survey and designated him special assistant The University of California Library at Los to the president. Dr. Mood has taught at Angeles has recently received a collection of Berkeley and Harvard and served as librarian five hundred children's books formed by the at the Redlands University from 1939 to 1941. late Olive Percival. More recently, he was chief of archives, His- The University of California Library re- torical Division, Army Air Forces Headquar- cently received an interesting gift collection ters, Washington. Dr. Mood began work on of musical scores from the library of Paul the survey in January 1945 and expects to Steindorff, who was choragus of the university announce its completion sometime during 1946. from 1912 to 1923 and a prominent member The Library Council of the University of of musical circles in the Bay area. The gift California is concerned with library problems was presented by his daughter, Mrs. E. A. affecting more than one campus, with consist- Shafer. It includes one hundred bound vol- ency of policy and practices, and with the umes and approximately one hundred pieces appropriate distribution of responsibility. The of music, including light opera, songs, and council is composed of the dean of the school classical music.

APRIL, 1946 185