October, 2016 Potential vectors of Xylella fastidiosa recorded in France / Morphological identification

Jean-François GERMAIN Anses, laboratoire de la santé des végétaux, unité entomologie et plantes invasives, 755 avenue du campus Agropolis, CS 30016, FR-34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez Cedex [email protected]

Presentation of Auchenorhyncha from France Cicadellidae xylem feeders that could be involved as vectors of Xylella fastidiosa. Ledrinae and Cicadellinae Morphological identification Morphological identification involves the use of dichotomous keys available in the alni (6 - 9mm) Aphrophora pectoralis (9.2 - 11.3mm) Ledra aurita (12 - 18mm) Graphocephala fennahi (8 - 9.4mm) literature and the observation of external morphological criteria associated with the study of genitalia.

Aphrophora corticea (8 - 11mm) Aphrophora salicina (8.5 - 10.7mm)

Cicadella viridis (5.7 - 9mm) Evacanthus acuminatus (5.6 - 6.8mm) Aphrophoridae

Aphrophora major (10.6 - 12.6mm) Lepyronia coleoptrata (5.6 - 8mm) They are generally oblong in shape. The largest species belong to Aphrophora (6.0 / Cicadella lasiocarpae ♂ (5.7 - Evacanthus interruptus (5 - 7mm) 9mm) 12.6mm), and the smallest to Neophilaenus 100µm (4.0/6.8mm). the Philaenus are intermediate Neophilaenus albipennis (4.5 - Neophilaenus infumatus (4.4 - 9mm) 5.5mm) (5.3 / 6.9mm). Lepyronia (5.6 / 8.0mm) are Anoterostemma ivanoffi (3 - 6mm)

Errhomenus brachypterus (5.2 globular in shape. Species recognition must - 7.5mm) be validated by the observation of male Aedeagus Philaenus spumarius

Neophilaenus campestris (5 - Neophilaenus lineatus (4.6 - genitalia. 7.5mm) 6.8mm) The LSV carried out a fact sheet on Philaenus spumarius , which could be the ©S. Puissant ©S. Puissant most involved species in the vectorization of

Neophilaenus exclamationis (4 - Neophilaenus longiceps (5mm) 5.4mm) Xylella fastidiosa .

Cicada orni (28mm) Lyristes plebejus (35mm) ©J.-P. Lavigne

Philaenus spumarius (1) (5.3 - Neophilaenus minor (4 - 5.1mm) 6.9mm) Red and black species. ©S. Puissant Extend of red colouration vulnerata Cicadatra atra (19mm) Cicadetta fangoana (17.5mm)

©P. Falatico allow specific identification. That must be confirmed by Paraphilaenus notatus (5mm) Philaenus spumarius (2) (5.3 - 6.9mm) observation of male genitalia C. vulnerata (@Dusoulier) ©S. Puissant Cicadetta montana (18mm) Cicadetta brevipennis (18mm)

©S. Puissant ©S. Puissant Cercopidae Cercopis arcuata Cicadellidae Cicadetta cantilatrix (18mm) Cicadetta brevipennis (13mm) Nervulation of the fore and hind wings, ©T. Herbach Cercopis arcuata (7.5 - 9mm) Cercopis sanguinolenta (7.7 - 10.6 mm) distribution of various spots the thorax and

S. Puissant vertex, and observation of the genitalia of © Cicadella viridis Cicadetta cerdaniensis (18mm) males, are discriminating. http://www.euroeana.eu/rights/rr-f/ Tibicina corsica spp . corsica Tibicina corsica spp . fairmairei (24mm) Cercopis intermedia (8 - 10mm) (8.2 - For example, Cicadella viridis and Cicadella 10.5mm) ©S. Puissant lasiocarpae can be distinguished by body color in males (dark blue for the first, yellow Cicadella lasiocarpae Dimissalna dimissa (20mm) green for the second) and the shape of the

Cercopis sabaudiana (7mm) Haematoloma dorsata (6.7 - Tibicina garricola (26mm) 8mm) two spots on the vertex in females Triecphorella geniculata, fore wing (polygonal in Cicadella viridis , round in ©S. Puissant 1mm Tettigettalna argentata (17.3mm) Cicadella lasiocarpae) . On the other hand, ©S. Puissant for these species, the male genitalia are References: Tibicina haematodes (30mm) Biedermann R., Niedringhaus R., 2009. The plant- and Leafhoppers of Germany. Identification key to all species. Fründ. 409 p. quite similar. Della Giustina W., 1989. Faune de France 73. Homoptères Cicadellidae, volume 3, compléments aux ouvrages d’Henri Ribaut. Fédération Française des Sociétés de Male genitalia Sciences naturelles et Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique. 350 p. Drosopoulos S., Remane R., 2000. Biogeographic studies on the spittlebug Philaenus Cicadella viridis signatus Melichar, 1896, species group (Hemiptera : Aphrophoridae) with the description Tettigettula pygmea (14.5mm) of two new allopatric species. Annales de la Sociéte Entomologique de France (N.S.), 36,3,269-277. Dusoulier F., 2004. Hémiptères nouveaux ou rares pour le massif armoricain (, Hemiptera). Bulletin de la Société des Sciences Naturelles de l’Ouest de la France, ©S. Puissant Cicadidae nouvelle série , 26,2, 128-137. Tibicina steveni (30mm) Kunz G., Nickel H., Niedringhaus R., 2011. Photographic atlas of the planthoppers and leafhoppers of Germany. Fründ. 293 p. Puissant S., 2006. Contribution à la connaissance des cigales de France: géonémie et Body size, wingspan, head shape, number écologie des populations (Hemiptera, Cicadidae). Association pour la Caractérisation et l’étude des Entomocénoses. F-09400 Bédeilhac et Aynat. 193 p. Ribaut H., 1952. Faune de France 57, Homoptères Auchénorhynques. II (Jassidae). ©S. Puissant of teeth on the pro-femora, color of the veins Paris, Paul Lechevalier . 474 p. Tibicina nigronervosa (22.5mm) Ribaut H., 1986. Faune de de France 31, Homoptères Auchénorhynches (I. Typhlocybinae). Fédération Française des Sociétés de Sciences Naturelles. 231 p. ©S. Puissant and various spots on the wings are http://www.cicadasong.eu/cicadidae/cicada-orni.html ©S. Puissant

Acknowledgements Tibicina tomentosa (26.5mm) A P. Falatico,T. Herbach, G. Kunz, J.-P. Lavigne, S. Puissant for the iconographic distinctive criteria, but the sonograms and material. oscillograms of cymbalization are the most Sonogram and oscillogram of Cicada orni

Tibicina quadrisignata (28.5mm) discriminating