TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pages 1. Letter dated 29/04/13 – Public Defender to the Honourable President of the Senate
2. Letter dated 29/04/13 – Public Defender to the Honourable Speaker of the House of Representatives
3. APOLOGIA i - ix
4. INTRODUCTION 1-5 Establishment of Public Defender outposts - 2
5 TIVOLI GARDENS AND “DUDUS’ 6-9
6. THE PUBLIC DEFENDER and INDECOM distinguished 10
7. THE PUBLIC DEFENDER: ROLE AND FUNCTION 11-18
8. BACKDROP OF THE ‘INCURSION’ OR ‘SIEGE’ 19-26
March on downtown Kingston - 20
Announcement of a State of Emergency; Mr. Golding’s second nation-wide broadcast - 21-22
Tivoli Gardens residents advised to evacuate - 22
JCF announcement of operations - 23
Mr. Golding addresses Parliament - 24
Public Defender begins investigation - 25-26
9. DECLARATION OF STATE OF EMERGENCY AND THE ‘INCURSION’ OR ‘SIEGE’ 27-47
State of Emergency justified - 29
B. Pages
Suspension of fundamental rights - 31
Conferment of emergency powers - 31
Review Tribunal - 32-33
Jamaica House meeting - 33-34
Tour of Tivoli Gardens and ‘Rasta City’; tales of rampant aggression - 34-35
‘Rasta City’ - 36
Detainees - 37
Visit to Madden’s Funeral Home - 38
“Debriefing” - 38-39
Letter to Police Commissioner and Chief of Defence Staff d/d 26/5/10 - 39-41
Burial plans aborted - 42-43
X-ray of corpses - 42
Death toll/body count - 43
Weapons “finds”/“discoveries” - 43-45
Questions arising from “incursion” activities - 45-46
10. SUPPORT OF INVESTIGATIONS BY THE PARLIAMENT, THE UNDP, INTERNATIONAL DONOR PARTNERS AND OTHERS 47-82
Supplemental funding provided - 47-48
Forensic Sciences - 48
Worldwide search for assistance - 48
Who killed Who? - 48-49
Assistance offered by friendly nations - 49
Observer Pathologists - 50
C. Pages
Observer oversight - 50-51
Agreement re autopsy Protocol - 51-52
Agreement on revised autopsy Protocol - 52
Identification of bodies - 52-53
Autopsies - 53-54
Conduct of autopsies in accordance with best practices; Protocols - 54-55
Storage of forensic data - 55-56
The KSAC and May Pen Cemetery burial data - 56-58
Alleged extra-judicial killings - 58-62
Absence of clothing and expert forensic evidence - 62-63
Further significance of swabbing or smelling of hands - 64
Unidentified Corpses - 65-82
11. MISSING PERSONS 83-85
12. MORE ON DETAINEES 86-99
13. BSI’S CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS 100
The JDF and its stance on the OPD/BSI investigations - 100
i. The mortar ordnance - 107-113 ii. USA Homeland Security surveillance - 115-116
Accountability of Chief of Defence Staff and Police Commissioner - 116
Recommendation for ‘alteration’/ amendment of the Public Defender (Interim) Act, 2000 - 116-117
D. Pages
14. THE KILLING OF MR. KEITH OXFORD CLARKE 118-127
Course of a ferocious military assault - 119-121
An investigator’s need for caution - 121-123
Unanswered Questions - 124-126
15. TWO LEGAL ISSUES: SELF DEFENCE AND SUPERIOR ORDERS 127-132
16. BALLISTICS 133-139
Crucial Importance of ballistic examinations - 134
Public Defender ballistics expert - 134-135
Staffing, tooling of Firearms Laboratory; chronic output backlog, etc. - 136-137
JDF position re ballistic examinations - 137-138
The Ballistics Road Map - 138-139
17. INDECOM: ROLE AND FUNCTION 140-147
INDECOM and the ‘incursion’/Keith Clarke investigations - 147-150
Accountability of senior JDF/JCF personnel - 150-151
Ballistic examination of “Keith Clarke” weapons, etc.; Breach of Ballistics Road Map - 151-152
Absolute necessity of completing ballistics work - 152
18. THE JAMAICA CONSTABULARY FORCE 154-165 POLICE USE OF FORCE AND FIREARMS POLICY (‘THE JCF POLICY’)
E. Pages
The JCF Policy and the incidence of “shootouts” - 156-157
Questions/Issues to be answered/resolved judicially - 157
The Public Defender and the start of - 158 JCF/BSI investigations
The JCF Policy, illegal gunmen and “due process” - 161-162
Police Allegations of “Shootouts” - 162
The Cadaveric Spasm - 163
Public Defender’s 2010-12 - 164-165 “Strategic Plan”
19. THE INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON CIVIL 166-172 AND POLITICAL RIGHTS [ICCPR]
20. COST; ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPACT 173-180 OF STATE OF EMERGENCY
AIR/I-SEE Note on “Achieving Renewal of the Human Spirit in Tivoli through Economic Revitalization: A Social Entrepreneurship model” - 178-179
21. BEHIND JAMAICA’S POLITICAL GARRISONS 181-185
22. INQUEST OR COMMISSION OF ENQUIRY? 186-230
The Inquest - 186-193
The Commission of Enquiry - 194-205
Judge Patrick Robinson’s Contribution - 205-208
Handling of the “Morant Bay Rebellion” and “Bloody Sunday Massacre” Compared - 208-209 F. Pages
The “Morant Bay Rebellion” - 210-215
The “Bloody Sunday Massacre” - 216-224
Complaint of a Widgery whitewash; appointment of a fresh judicial enquiry - 218-230
Findings of two Enquiries contrasted - 219-224
Re a judicial enquiry and the - 224-225 “lapse of time”
British Government’s acceptance of - 225-227 Responsibility; apology
Parallels and guidance offered by the - 227-230 “Bloody Sunday imbroglio”
23. LIST OF PRINCIPAL RECOMMENDATIONS 230
24. EPILOGUE 231-248