WATER AND AGRICULTURE MANCHA ORIENTAL AQUIFER: PLANNING AND MANAGING ACTIONS SHARED WITH USERS

Javier Ferrer Polo Head of the Hydrological Planning Department Seminar of the European River Basin Júcar River Basin Authority. District Authorities Beirut, 7-8 th October, 2009 INDEX:

I.- MANCHA ORIENTAL AQUIFER

II.- DEVELOPED MEASURES

III.- SHARED MANAGEMENT WITH USERS

IV.- PUBLIC OFFER FOR AQUISITION OF WATER RIGHTS

V.- NEW BASIN PLAN AND CONCLUSIONS MANCHA ORIENTAL AQUIFER

Groundwater Body 080.129 Mancha Oriental Surface: 7.286 km2

Demanda total por uso Agrícola 0% 1% Urbano 3% Industrial 17% Ganadero Recreativo

79% 720 MANCHA ORIENTAL 700 AQUIFER 680

660

640 Nivel (msnm) 620 Piezometric levels 600 evolution 580 may-72 may-74 may-76 may-78 may-80 may-82 may-84 may-86 may-88 may-90 may-92 may-94 may-96 may-98 may-00 may-02 may-04 may-06 may-08 08.29.055 (T.M. Roda( La))

820 720 800 700 780 760 680 740 720 660 700 680 640 Nivel (msnm) 660 Nivel (msnm) 620 640 620 600 600 580 580 may-72 may-74 may-76 may-78 may-80 may-82 may-84 may-86 may-88 may-90 may-92 may-94 may-96 may-98 may-00 may-02 may-04 may-06 may-08 may-72 may-74 may-76 may-78 may-80 may-82 may-84 may-86 may-88 may-90 may-92 may-94 may-96 may-98 may-00 may-02 may-04 may-06 may-08 08.29.056 (T.M. ) 08.29.038 (T.M. Carcelen)

720 720 720 700 700 700 680 660 680 680 640 660 660 620 600 640 640 580 Nivel (msnm) Nivel (msnm) Nivel (msnm) 560 620 620 540 600 600 520 500 580 580 480 may-72 may-74 may-76 may-78 may-80 may-82 may-84 may-86 may-88 may-90 may-92 may-94 may-96 may-98 may-00 may-02 may-04 may-06 may-08 may-72 may-74 may-76 may-78 may-80 may-82 may-84 may-86 may-88 may-90 may-92 may-94 may-96 may-98 may-00 may-02 may-04 may-06 may-08 may-72 may-74 may-76 may-78 may-80 may-82 may-84 may-86 may-88 may-90 may-92 may-94 may-96 may-98 may-00 may-02 may-04 may-06 may-08 08.29.059 (T.M. ) 08.29.036 (T.M. Albacete) 08.29.080 (T.M. ) MANCHA ORIENTAL AQUIFER

500 450 Important relationship 400 river-aquifer 350 300 250 200

hm3 150 100 50 0 -50 -100 1940/41 1942/43 1944/45 1946/47 1948/49 1950/51 1952/53 1954/55 1956/57 1958/59 1960/61 1962/63 1964/65 1966/67 1968/69 1970/71 1972/73 1974/75 1976/77 1978/79 1980/81 1982/83 1984/85 1986/87 1988/89 1990/91 1992/93 1994/95 1996/97 1998/99 2000/01 2002/03 2004/05 2006/07 año Aforado Restituido Detracción

Picazo – Los Frailes Los Frailes – El Molinar 10 10 5 5 0 0 -5 -5 -10 -10 -15 -15 Ganancias-Pérdidas (hm3/mes) -20 Ganancias-Pérdidas (hm3/mes) -20 jul oct dic feb abr jun sep ene ago nov mar may jul oct dic feb abr jun ene sep ago nov mar aH 04-05 aH 05-06 aH 06-07 aH 07-08 may aH 04-05 aH 05-06 aH 06-07 aH 07-08 MANCHA ORIENTAL AQUIFER Hydrological Júcar Basin Plan Need to limit extractions and ensure sustainability to the aquifer and its exploitation Hydrological Basin Plan in Júcar, Royal Decree 1664/1998 of 24 July , art. 24 Water resources in Mancha Oriental Aquifer •320 hm3/year of groundwater resources • 80 hm3/year of surface resources for the substitution of pumping • Reserve of 65 hm3/year for the consolidation of existing irrigation and possible irrigation of Royal Decree 950/1989 included in the National Irrigation Plan (PNR). •1 m3/s supply Albacete city Integration in only users’ community: JCRMO Characterisation, regularisation and control of exploitations 2 m3/s minimum flow Alarcón reservoir MEASURES

Pumping substitutions

Works for the sustainable exploitation of the water body (in thousand €) Modernisation and consolidation of Modernisation of 5.349 ha of Irrigation in CR ‐ . In course SEIASA of Meseta Sur 17.631 irrigation Phase I. Shock Plan. Supply of ETAP in In course Aguas del Júcar, SA 49.204 Llanos, phase I Supply of ETAP in Confederación Hidrográfica del Materialisation of the reserve In course 8.600 Llanos, phase II Júcar of /s1 mof3 the Hydrological Basin Confederación Hidrográfica del Plan in force Supply of ETAP in Picazo, Projected Júcar ‐ Aguas de Castilla‐ la 70.000 phases I y II Mancha Infrastructures for the substitution of Consejería de Agricultura de la Being exploited 7.575 Materialisationof the Pumpings in Mancha Oriental, phase I JCCL Allocation of 80 hm3 /year of Infrastructures for the substitution of Confederación Hidrográfica del Hydrological Basin Plan Pumpings in Mancha Oriental, phase Projected 103.640 Júcar In force II MEASURES

Agricultural extractions stabilisation

Agricultural consumption by origin in Mancha Oriental

450

400

) 350 3

300 Pumping substitution 250 Comp. Filt. Talave 200 Extractions

Used volumes (hm volumes Used 150

100

50

0 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 Hydrological Year

Mixed and Groundwater groundwater Compensation Pumping substitution extraction Year (hm3/year) ATS (hm3/year) (hm3/year) (hm3/year)

2004/05 404.8 6.4 21.5 376.9

2005/06 369.3 6.4 8.4 354.5

2006/07 286.6 6.4 6.3 273.9

2007/08 307.0 6.4 4.0 296.6 MEASURES

Urban extraction reduction Piezometric stability Albacete supply 30 720 25 700 20 680 660 15

hm3 640

10 Nivel (msnm) 620

5 600

0 580 may-72 may-74 may-76 may-78 may-80 may-82 may-84 may-86 may-88 may-90 may-92 may-94 may-96 may-98 may-00 may-02 may-04 may-06 may-08

2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 08.29.036 (T.M. Albacete) Superficial ATS Wells Higher stability river-aquifer

635 630

625

620

615 Nivel (m .s.n.m .) 610

605 oct-95 oct-96 oct-97 oct-98 oct-99 oct-00 oct-01 oct-02 oct-03 oct-04 oct-05 oct-06 oct-07 oct-08 08.29.041 (T.M. ) 08.29.044 (T.M. Tarazona de la Mancha) 08.29.045 (T.M. Albacete) 08.29.050 (T.M. Albacete) 08.29.047(T.M. Albacete) 30 28 26 24 22 MEASURES 20 s 18 Alarcón Reservoir management during 3/ 16 m drought

Flow 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 1-oct-04 1-feb-05 1-oct-05 1-feb-06 1-oct-06 1-feb-07 1-oct-07 1-feb-08 1-oct-08 1-dic-04 1-dic-05 1-dic-06 1-dic-07 1-abr-05 1-jun-05 1-abr-06 1-jun-06 1-abr-07 1-jun-07 1-abr-08 1-jun-08 1-ago-05 1-ago-06 1-ago-07 1-ago-08 Q [El Picazo] Q [Los Frailes] Qe [El Molinar] MANAGEMENT WITH USERS

‹ User’s communities are Public Rights Corporations, ascribed to the basin river authority that participate in the nature of Public Administration: Administrative authority ‹ They have legal personality and own patrimony. ‹ Governed by their Statutes and By-Laws and act according to procedures established by the Water Law and its development regulations, as Legal Regime for Public Administrations and Common Administrative Procedure. ‹ Basic role: to administrate and guard the good functioning of the exploitation. ‹ Internal organisation

o General Board or Assembly o Governing board o Jury/s ‹ Economical regime

o Water consumption fee o General expenses contribution fee MANAGEMENT WITH USERS

Advantages: •Resource management by direct beneficiary. •Work relief of the basin organisation: non-viability for personalised treatment for all the incidents. •Proximity of Administration to the citizen and participation in the decision- making process (formal and informal). •Co-responsibility. •Sustained exploitation of water resources. ¾Optimal current performance of exploitations ¾Future generations’ needs satisfaction: rationalisation culture, economy and protection of water. Inconvenients: •Pressure to hierarchic authority: legal, economic and social. •Diverse degree of management efficiency depending on it being: ¾Exploitation: good water administration. ¾Administrative and economic regime: lack of specialisation and professionalism. •Adoption of agreements – majority regime. MANAGEMENT WITH USERS

• JCRMO: Public Rights corporation ascribed to the Júcar River Basin Authority (JRBA), created in 1994 by initiative of users • Objective: sustainable management of water exploitations • Acknowledged as Users’ Community of the aquifer Mancha Oriental on 19/2/1999 by resolution of the JRBA • > 800 members and > 90.000 ha • Very active implication of users in planning and management

•Exploitation characterisation •Definition of the pumping substitution actions •Public Offer for Rights Acquisition (OPAD) JUNTA CENTRAL DE REGANTES •Withdrawal Commission DE LA MANCHA ORIENTAL •Permanent Drought Commission of the Governing Board •Governing Board •Water Council •Public Offer for Water Rights Acquisition (POWRA) •Special Drought Plan •Hydrological Basin Plan in Júcar POWRA

PUBLIC OFFER OF WATER RIGHTS ACQUISITION (POWRA)

Objective: Flow maintenance downstream of the Alarcón Reservoir

Júcar river during Summers Júcar river in Summer 1995 2007 and 2008 POWRA

Reduction of the use 2007-08

AGREEMENT FOR THE PUBLIC OFFER OF WATER RIGHTS ACQUISITION (OPAD) IN THE MIDDLE SECTION OF THE JUCAR BASIN FOR ENVIRONMENTAL REASONS

Objective: To reduce water extractions in the middle section of the Júcar river, both in superficial takings, and in subterranean takings with a higher affection to the river. •2007 Rights acquisition through the reduction of irrigated surfaces. •2008 Rights acquisition through the use of less water-consuming (spring crops) crops. POWRA

Legal Framework

‹ Water Law. Art. 71. Rights Exchange Centres ‹In certain situations, as drought, authorises to, by agreement of the Ministers’ Council, constitute Water Rights Exchange Centres. ‹Basin organisations will be authorised to develop public offers of water rights acquisition to later give them to other users, through the price payment. ‹ Royal Decree Law 9/2006, of 15 September, by which urgent measures are adopted to palliate the effects produced by drought in towns and agricultural irrigation exploitations in certain Hydrological basins. ‹Third additional disposition: Authorises as destination of the acquired resources the consecution of good status of the groundwater bodies......

16 Water Commissariat – Júcar River Basin Authority - November 2007 POWRA

Main Characteristics

Selection criteria: 1. Affection to the river (0-204360000 points) 2. Offered price (0-20 points) 30 9 4340000 0 50 70 Geographical scope: 28.000 has 90

70 50 Rights volume: 148 hm3 10 30

Celdas Inactivas Temporary character: seasons 4320000 Río Jucar Transmisividad 7500 m2 /día 6000 m2 /día 2007-08 3500 m2 /día 1500 m2 /día 750 m2 /día 100 m2 /día 560000 580000 600000 620000 640000

0 20 40 60 km

Maximum Minimum Maximum Minimum amount amount 2007 2008 amount amount 3 3 0,1957 €/m3 0,13 (€/m3) 0.25 €/m 0.20 (€/m ) POWRA

OPAD 2007: Obtained results

Total Applications submitted: 119

Rights volume (hm3)56,8 Given-up volume (no economic compensation) (hm3)22,9 Offered volume (hm3)27,3 Materialised budget (million€) 5,5 Reserved volume (hm3)6,6

OPAD (I,II,III) 2008:

Total Applications submitted : 234

Rights volume(hm3)109,6 Given-up volume (no economic compensation) (hm3)12,5 Offered volume (hm3)50,6 Provisionally materialised budget (million€) 12,7 Reserved volume (hm3)46,5 POWRA

Image from area OPAD: Effect of Public Offer 14 August 2005 for Rights Acquisition in 2008 for summer crops

Image from area OPAD: 0369121522 August km 2008 Picazo – Los Frailes (Monthly Accumulated)

60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -10 -20 03691215 km -30 -40 Ganancias-Pérdidas (hm3) -50 -60 -70 -80 jul oct feb dic jun abr sep ene ago nov mar

may Better relationship river-aquifer aH 04-05 aH 05-06 aH 06-07 aH 07-08 New Basin Plan

Renewable water resources reduction

Aportación Cabeceras (Alarcón + Contreras)

2.500

2.000

1.500 ³

Hm 1.000

500

0 1979 1994 1997 2003 1982 1985 1988 1991 2000 2006 1949 1952 1967 1973 1940 1943 1946 1955 1958 1961 1964 1970 1976

Aportación anual Promedio serie larga Promedio serie corta Conclusions

‹ The current Hydrological Basin Plan has allowed for a better and sustainable water management. ‹ It is need a sharing management with grounwater users. ‹ Public Offer for Water Rights Acquisition is a good example of environmental water resources sharing management. ‹ The new Hydrological Basin Plan (WFD) sets new objectives and uncertainties in the consecution of the good quantity status :

o Reduction renewable resources

o Need to incorporate environmental requirements

o No disproportioned costs

o With Public Participation: • Users • Rest of social agents

21 Thanks for your attention !