UNIVERSITY OF BERGAMO
Scientific coordinator: Prof. Emanuela Casti Research fellow: Paolo Bettera Creation of a multi-level network of European «s-low» cities (universities, municipalities, airports) Analysis of the territories of the network for the feasibility of a common «s-low» tourism planning
Creation of the Network and submission of the EU COST proposal (2013) Organization of a public event with representatives from the participating universities and local institutions (Bergamo, 4th-5th March 2014) and signing of a Paper of Intent
«Il Caravaggio» International Airport University of Bergamo
EXPONENTIAL GROWTH (2003-2012) SIZE SIZE
National ranking: 9° 4° Students: 9.549 15.415 Passengers: 2.822.746 8.801.392
QUALIFICATION QUALIFICATION Italian ranking(on 8 cluster universities): 3rd 105 cities served Foreign students: 130 750 33 countries served 3 international Master Courses UNIVERSITY OF BERGAMO Presentation of the project to the other 1. cluster cities and request for an expression of interest
CLUSTER UNIVERSITIES Analysis of the local contexts and towards the 2. definition of an integrated methodology
MULTI-LEVEL NETWORK • network of airport operators 3. • low-cost carriers • local government agencies
OECD urban area < 500,000 Demographic dimension inhabitants
Location Proximity to a metropolis
Of artistic and cultural City centre interest
University Campus or university
Airport typology With low cost flights Metropolitan city
Cluster city
Hamburg link: Lübeck Cambridge with Bergamo London Brussels with other cluster cities Charleroi Beauvais
Paris
Bergamo Santander Milan Bilbao Girona Criteria for cluster cities: Barcelona 1. Airport with low-cost flights from/to BGY 2. Small and medium-sized cities (pop. < 500,000) 3. Proximity to a metropolitan city (pop. > 1,000,000) 4. Remarkable city centre 5. University LÜBECK - Fachhochschule Lübeck
Fachhochschule Lübeck Lübeck Lübeck Blankensee Airport
HAMBURG
University of Applied Sciences, 4,100 students Rector: Prof. Stefan Bartels
Four programs offered: Contacts: Applied Natural Sciences Prof. Achim Laleik, Coordinator, Master's Degree in Urban Structural Engineering Planning MUNICIPALITY Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Stephanie Eilers, Cityjunior President researcher: Gabriele Schopenhauer Mechanical Engineering & Business Administration Malina Kreuk, junior(Stadtpräsidentin researcher Hansestadt Lübeck) CAMBRIDGE - Anglia Ruskin University
Cambridge Cambridge Campus
London-Stansted Airport
Chelmsford Campus
LONDON
31,500 students Vice Chancellor: Prof. Michael Thorne
4 faculties: Contacts: - Arts, Law & Social Sciences Hesham Al-Sabbahy, Head of Department of HRM, OB, and Tourism - Health, Social Care & Education Chris Wilbert, Senior Lecturer and Pathway Leader for MA International - Lord Ashcroft International Business School Sustainable Tourism Management - Science & Technology Ilaria Pappalepore, Senior Lecturer in TourismMayor Management: Paul Saunders BEAUVAIS - ESSEC CommunautéBusiness d‘Agglomération School du Beauvaisis (CAB)
Singapore Campus
Milly-sur-Thérain
Beauvais-Tillé Airport Troissereux
Savignies Beauvais Tillé Cergy-Pontoise Campus
Saint-Paul BEAUVAIS La Défense Campus
PARIS Allonne
Auneuil
Berneuil-en-Bray
Private Grande écolePresident, 4,400 students: Caroline Cayeux DirettoreDean: Prof Generale. Jean-: MichelProf. Philippe Blanquer Choquet 3 campuses (Cergy,Contact Paris-La: Défense and Singapore) 8 departments: Stéphane Delabre (DevelopmentPersone DirectorContacts) incontrate: : Operations Management Accounting and management Management ProfProf. . PascalPatrice Barrier Noisette, Direttore, Course SviluppoCoordinator e Relazioni - Urban , control Marketing Public and private policy Information systems, conEnvironmental le Imprese and Services Management (MUES) Economics decision sciences and Jean-Paul Loevenbruck, Lecturer Finance statistics Dr. Xavier Faure, Directeur de Cabinet GIRONA - Universitat de Girona
BARRI VELL Campus Girona City Centre Campus
Girona-Costa Brava Airport Montilivi Campus
Pals
Begur
BARCELONA Cittaslow International
14,800 students - Science Rector: Prof. Ana Maria Geli Faculties and schools: - Education and Psychology - Law - Business and Economic Contacts: Sciences - Arts Rafel Llussà (DepartmentMayor of Geography: Carles Director Puigdemont ) - Medicine - Nursing José Antonio Donaire (INSETURLocal contact Director) : - Polytechnic School - Tourism Gisela Bosch (junior researcher)Jordi Xirgo (UMAT Director) SANTANDER - Universidad de Cantabria
LAS LLAMAS Campus Santander
Santander Airport Torrelavega BILBAO
12,000 students Rector: Prof. José Carlos Gómez 14 schools and faculties, among which: - Law - Teacher training Contacts: - Humanities - Economics and Prof. Ángel Herrero, Director Department of Business - Medicine Business Studies Administration - Sciences - Altamira School of Tourism Andrea Pérez, Researcher Mayor: Íñigo de la Serna CHARLEROI - Haute École Provinciale de Hainaut - Condorcet
Enghien Silly
Lens
Cittaslow International BRUSSELS Mouscron
Ath Tournai MONS Saint-Ghislain Brussels South Charleroi Airport Morlanwelz Charleroi
Charleroi
7 campuses, 8,800 students and 50 courses HEPH-CONDORCET Michel Van Koninckxloo, Chief Inspector for High Education of the Teaching areas: Province - Agronomy - Pedagogy PascalTeaching Lambert Councillor, Directeur-Président Hainaut HEPH: Yves-Condorcet Lardinois
- Applied arts - Social sciences Charleroi Mayor: Paul Magnette Contact : - Economics - Technical ÉliseContact Boucq, Researcher: studies - Paramedicine StéphanieAnthony Crabeck Dufrane, Researcher, Councillor of Tourism Charleroi
2. SLOWSLOW TOURISMTOURISM Network S -LOW LOW-COST FLIGHTS
SLOW TOURISM: For the development of the territorial identity in a touristic perspective
TERRITORY Contact Autenthicity Inhabitant Tourist
• Participation Individual and • Valorization of local personalized knowledge dimension Sustainability Time Quality of the Co-management experience
SlownessSlowness Emotion Active implication SLOW TOURISM
Network S-LOW LOW--COSTCOST FLIGHTSFLIGHTS
LOW-COST FLIGHTS Innovations introduced by low-cost airlines
The traveler: individualist, internet user, alternative, conscious, frequent New destinations Economic impact created on territory: • Valorization of medium-small centers and marginal areas • New employment perspectives Tariff reduction Flight democratization: open opportunity for anybody to visit the Elsewhere Important element to increase the European integration Ryanair: privileged low-cost carrier
CLASSIFICATION FOR ECO-EFFICIENCY (first 20 carriers PAX) Undoubted environmental impact: atmospheric and acoustic
The most eco-efficient airline: Fleet of modern aircrafts High density of seats High load factor
Source: Brighter Planet Report (2011) S - SLOW TOURISM L LOW-COST FLIGHTS O W
Concept of Experiencing the neighborhood territory (proximity/distance) completely revised CENTRALITY OF NETWORKED TERRITORIES CARTOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF THE REPRESENTATION OF LOCAL CONTEXT THE COLLECTED DATA
1st phase 2nd phase
PLANNING A ON-LINE S-LOW TOURISM PARTICIPATION NETWORK
3rd phase 4th phase Analysis of the local context
Monitoring of the slow tourism resources
Stakeholder identification
Analysis of the s-low tourist profile
Analysis of the airport dynamism CULTURAL RESOURCES NATURAL RESOURCES
UNESCO Site Crespi d’Adda Natura 2000 sites: - 19 Sites of Community Importance several Res Tipica villages: - 6 Special Protection Areas - 3 of the “Most beautiful Italian villages” - 1 of the “Authentic Italian villages” 5 regional parks - 2 “Orange flag” villages 19 local parks (PLIS) - 3 Italian wine cities 6 natural reserves, one of which WWF - 4 “Painted villages” oasis castles in the Bergamo plain (i.e. Malpaga) 1 natural monument historical buildings (palaces, villas, etc) 1 botanical garden (Lorenzo Rota) many religious and industrial heritage sites many lakes, rivers, waterfalls (Serio) 5 officially recognized eco-museums, monumental trees several ethnographic museums MICRO-BUSINESS (based on quality brands) MOBILITY (based on low ACCOMMODATION CATERING carbon emissions) 3 «scattered hotels» 7 Slow Food “Osterie cycle routes 240 bed & breakfasts d’Italia” hiking trails - Bed and Bergamo - Sentiero delle Orobie - Associazione Bergamo B&B e 9 Slow Food C.V. “Locande d’Italia” - Sentiero dei Fiori - The Best B&B in Bergamo - Sentiero delle Farfalle - Coop. B&B Il mondo di casa 25 ristoranti dei historical pathways Mille… sapori” 113 lodging houses - Via Mercatorum 10 hostels 12 restaurants with - Strada Priula 137 agritourisms, 50 of “Slow Food” allied - Strada Francesca which provide with cooks bike sharing programmes (BiGi) accommodation 41 mountain lodges, 23 low carbon public transport (TEB, etc.) of which in “Rifugi di Lombardia” 10 campings 17 Bergamo Charme facilities 2 “Albergabici” bike hotels Stakeholder identification
TYPOLOGY PRIVATE MIXED PUBLIC L • Local enterprises • Associations for the • Local government O • Food and Hospitality promotion of tourism agencies (communes, C consortia province of Bergamo, A • Local associations others) L • Slow Food Convivia
S C A L I N • Low-cost carriers • Airport operators • European Union • Associations endorsing E N A T T the «slow philosophy» E I R O - N A L
Destination chosen by foreign passengers arriving at BGY
DESTINATION: BERGAMO (of tot. Lombardy) DESTINATION: LOMBARDY (of tot. destination regions)
40.7% 56.0% 45.7% 64.6%
12.5%
9.9%
27.1% 19.3%
Data source: Banca d’Italia (2010), Indagine sul turismo internazionale INDIVIDUALIST CONSCIOUS Not interested in He «thinks green» and standardized holiday pays attention to the packages, he avoids impacts of tourism travelling in groups
ALTERNATIVE INTERNET USER He prefers visiting FREQUENT He builds his own lesser-known TRAVELLER itinerary using the destinations and off the He travels several Internet beaten path tourist times a year attractions 10.000.000 9.000.000
8.000.000 7.000.000 6.000.000 5.000.000 4.000.000
3.000.000 Total passengers Total 2.000.000 1.000.000 Lübeck 0
Data source: ENAC (I), UAF (F), AENA (E), CAA (UK), Charleroi airport (B), Lübeck airport (D) RYANAIR WIZZ AIR WIZZ AIR UKRAINE PEGASUS AIRLINES BELLE AIR EUROPE BLUE AIR AIR ARABIA EGYPT AIR ARABIA MAROC RYANAIR and AIR ARABIA MAROC BLUE AIR and WIZZ AIR RYANAIR and WIZZ AIR
300.000
200.000
100.000
Annual passengers to and from BGY (data 2012, source: ENAC)
Cluster city
Passengers on routes to and from BGY and the other 6 cluster cities accounted for 17.3% of BGY’s international passengers traffic in 2012 (air charter PAX excluded) 3. European multilevel s-low network
University Airports CENTRALITY OF NETWORKED
INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH TERRITORIES DYNAMIC ACTION Economic engine of Interuniversity territories for European research stimulating local group, with entrepreneurship and complementary Local Institutions activating innovative disciplinary strategies in a s-low competences perspective
APPLICATION AND OPERATIONAL FUNCTION Adoption and actualization of the research and the proposals emerged from the network Towards a shared territorial planning
University Airports
Creation of a Constitution of a PARTNERSHIP EUROPEAN AMONG OBSERVATORY OF LOW-COST EXCELLENCE AIRPORTS on low-cost mobility for a Local to develop common touristic development of strategies and create territories institutions privileged networks with low-cost carriers
Institution of a TERRITORIAL COORDINATION AGENCY supporting projects and activities identified by the network … summarising
S - SLOW TOURISM L LOW-COST FLIGHTS O W
Concept of Experiencing the neighborhood territory (proximity/distance) completely revised CENTRALITY OF NETWORKED TERRITORIES