DOCSLIB.ORG

Bronze Age Mining in Southeast Spain. New Copper Mines from the Jandula and Yeguas Valleys, Sierra Morena

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bronze Age Mining in Southeast Spain. New Copper Mines from the Jandula and Yeguas Valleys, Sierra Morena BRONZE AGE MINING IN SOUTHEAST SPAIN. NEW COPPER MINES FROM THE JANDULA AND YEGUAS VALLEYS, SIERRA MORENA Luis Arboledas-Martínez*, Charles Bashore*, Eva Alarcón-García*, Francisco Contreras-Cortés*, Auxilio Moreno-Onorato* y Juan Jesús Padilla-Fernández** Abstract Resumen Bronze Age mining in the southeast of the La minería de la Edad del Bronce en el sur- Iberian Peninsula has been traditionally scarcely este de la Península Ibérica ha sido escasamente researched, but this frame has changed recently tratada por la investigación. Este panorama ha thanks to the identification of a great number of cambiado recientemente gracias a la identifi- mining evidence identified during the fieldwork cación de numerosas evidencias mineras duran- campaigns in the Rumblar and Jándula Valleys te los trabajos de campo realizados en los valles between 2009-2014. Specifically, in this paper del Rumblar y Jándula entre 2009-2014. Con- we will be presenting the mining exploitations cretamente, en este articulo analizamos las ex- discovered during the archaeo-mining surveys plotaciones mineras halladas en la prospección carried out during the summer of 2014. During arqueominera realizada en los valles del Jándula- this campaign we have been able to identify a Yeguas en el verano de 2014. Esta actuación ha large assembly of material culture, mainly stone proporcionado una amplia gama de cultura ma- tools and ceramics that prove that these mines terial, fundamentalmente herramientas de pie- were exploited in Recent Prehistory. The analysis dra y cerámica, que evidencian que estas minas of the archaeological remains and the archaeo- fueron laboreadas durante la Prehistoria Recien- metric data prove the importance of the mining te. El análisis de los restos arqueológicos y los da- and metallurgical activity carried out in eastern tos arqueometricos muestran la importancia de Sierra Morena by the communities that lived la actividad minera y metalúrgica llevada a cabo there between 2200-900 BC, revealing this area en Sierra Morena oriental por las comunidades as one of the main production centers for copper entre el 2200-900 BC, situándose como uno de and silver in the southeast of the Peninsula. los principales centros productores de cobre y plata del sureste peninsular. Key words: Prehistoric mines, copper, silver, stone tools, south of the Iberian Peninsula, Si- Palabras clave: Minas prehistóricas, cobre, erra Morena, Bronze Age, archaeological survey. plata, herramientas de piedra, sur de la Penín- sula Ibérica, Sierra Morena, Edad del Bronce, prospección arqueológica. * Department of Prehistory and Archaeology of the Uni- versity of Granada, Faculty of Philosophy and Leters, Campus de la Cartuja s/n, 18071, Granada. INTRODUCTION ** Department of Prehistory of the Complutense Univer- sity of Madrid, Faculty of History and Geography, Build- The production of metals and their distri- ing B, C/Profesor Aranguren s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, bution has been a key element in the historio- 28040, Madrid. graphic debate on the development and social- 49 economic organization of III-II millennium B.C. of Peñalosa (Baños de la Encina, Jaén) (Contreras communities of the south of the Iberian Penin- Cortes 2000). The entire metallurgical produc- sula. On one hand, since the decade of the 1970s tion process for copper has been documented at different researchers have stressed that the pro- this Argaric settlement with the exception of min- cess of metallurgical craft specialization was key ing. Because of this, one of our main objectives in the social stratification of Bronze Age com- was to locate and analyze the copper and silver munities (Lull Santiago 1983; Lull Santiago et mines in the region, and determine their influ- al. 2010; Moreno Onorato and Contreras Cortés ence on the territorial organization during the 2010). On the other hand, some consider metal- different periods of antiquity as well as their envi- lurgy to be a secondary element within this pro- ronmental impact. With this plan we prepared a cess that would not require a full time specializa- series of interventions that united both fieldwork tion; its development would be a consequence of (archaeo-mining surveys of the eastern valleys of social stratification and not a cause, and would Sierra Morena, excavation of the Polígono and be a part of the changes occurred in the organi- José Martín Palacios mines, etc) and lab work zation of substantial production (Gilman 1987; (quantitative and qualitative archaeometric analy- Montero Ruiz and Murillo Barroso 2010). sis, provenance analysis, etc.) that are still being But within the debate on the importance of carried out (Arboledas Martínez y Contreras Cor- metal production there is a substantial element tés 2010; Arboledas Martínez et al. 2015; Bar- that has been left out: mining. In the Iberian telheim et al. 2012; Contreras Cortés et al. 2005; Peninsula, the studies centered on prehistoric 2014; Moreno Onorato et al. 2010). mining have had a scarce development with In this paper we will present and analyze the the exception of the areas of Asturias-León and prehistoric mining evidence we have document- the province of Huelva (Blanco Freijeiro and ed during the archaeological surveys carried Rothenberg 1981; Blas Cortina 2013). Until the out during the summer of 2014 and spring of publication of the ancient mines and foundries 2015 in the Jándula and Yeguas Valleys (Natural catalogue of the Iberian Peninsula, written by C. Park of Sierra de Andújar) (Arboledas Martínez, Domergue in 1987, the existing data on prehis- forthcoming). These are the first mines from the toric mines on the southeast of the Peninsula was limited to sporadic and general information col- Southeast, next to the Polígono and José Mar- tín Palacios mines in Baños de la Encina (Jaén) lected by mining engineers from the late XIX and and Cerro Minado in Huercal-Overa (Almería), early XX centuries, reports that usually lack ar- 1 chaeological information (Mesa y Álvarez 1890). that can clearly be ascribed to Recent Prehistory Domergue documented 11 mining exploitations (Arboledas Martínez and Contreras Cortés 2010; distributed throughout the whole Southeast with Arboledas Martínez et al. 2015; Escanilla Artigas ofite and diorite stone hammers, which he con- and Delgado Rack 2015). sidered belonged to Recent Prehistory. Eight of these eleven mines were concentrated in the Ján- dula basin –the mines of Navalasno, Los Escoria- MINERAL RESOURCES IN THE AREA les or Arroyo de Valquemado– (Domergue 1987: OF INTEREST 254-261). His research was based on field work, unpublished reports from mining engineers The surveyed mining area is located within the from the Archive of S.M.M. Peñarroya, as well as Natural Park of Sierra de Andújar, in the eastern the research carried out by M. Corchado y Soria- part of Sierra Morena, in the northeast quadrant no (1962), mainly at the mine of Los Escoriales. of the Province of Jaen. The park includes more In the past few years, the panorama has than 40 private and public estates with an exten- changed thanks to the archaeological campaigns sion of over 70.000 hectares. At the moment we carried out by the Peñalosa Project in the east- have surveyed the public estates of Lugar Nuevo, ern foothills of Sierra Morena (Contreras Cortés Selladores-Contadero, Valquemado and the pri- et al. 2005; Arboledas Martínez 2010; Arboledas vate estates of La Lastrilla and El Poyuelo, which Martínez et al. 2015; forthcoming) and the Bas- all adds up to approximately 7% of the total ex- tida Project in the northern areas of the prov- tension of the Park. These mining areas corre- inces of Almería and Murcia (Delgado Rack et al. spond to the middle and upper Yeguas and Ján- 2014; Escanilla Artigas and Delgado Rack 2015). dula River Valleys, tributaries to the Guadalquivir Since 2001, our team is giving a strong im- River, and belong to the municipalities of Mar- pulse to the research on prehistoric and ancient molejo and Andújar (Jaén) (Fig. 1). mining and metallurgy in the south of the Penin- sula (especially in the Upper Guadalquivir), add- 1 In the summery presented at the IV Archaeometallurgy in ing new data to the information from the 1980s Europe Conference we indicated that the intention was to present by carrying out a series of archaeological surveys the results from the lead isotope analysis that are being carried out on the mineral samples that were recover from this mines with the in the Jándula, Rumblar, Guadiel and Guadali- objective of characterizing their isotopic range and determining mar River Valleys, as well as the systematic exca- their distribution, but it has been impossible to obtain the results vation of the Bronze Age metallurgical settlement before the presentation of this paper. 50 FIGURE 1. Prehistoric mines and recent Prehistoric settlements in eastern Sierra Morena. 0. Los Candalares, 1. Peñón Águila, 2. Barranco Valpeñoso, 3. Revuelta Molinicos, 4. Los Castellones, 5. Arroyo Grieta, 6. Mingorramos, 7. Navalasno, 8. Nava de la Cabrera, 9. Las Minetas, 10. Las Minetas II, 11. Laguna Llanillos, 12. Casa Valquemado, 13. Cerro los Venados, 14. Arroyo Aliseda, 15. Fresnedillo, 16. Salas de Galiarda, 17. Poligono, 18. José Palacios, 19. Arrayanes, 20. Cabrerizas, 21. Candalares, 22. Contadero, 23. Valtravieso, 24. Atalayón, 25. La Lancha, 26. Casa Peral, 27. Lagunilla, 28. Cerro Tornero, 29. Cerro Atalaya, 30. Cerro Buenaplata, 31. Peñalosa, 32. Verónica, 33. Los Castillejos, 34. Cerro de la Atalaya, 35. Ba- surero, 36. Castillo de Baños de la Encina, 37. Cerro de las Obras, 38. La Majada, 39. Sevilleja, 40. Ctjo. Sancho, 41. Fuente Nueva, 42. Est. Espeluy, 43. Guadiel Norte, 44. El Castillo, 45. Torrecillas, 46. Cerro Castellones, 47. Cerro Pelao, 48. Cerro del Cura, 49. Casa vieja de Valquemado, 50. Cerro de las Casas, 51. Castro de la Magdalena, 52Morquigüelo, 53. Piedras Bermejas, 54. Cerro de la Burraca, 55. Cortijo Salcedo, 56. Cerro Barragán, 57.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Sierra Morena De Córdoba Morena Sierra 23 1
    Sierra Morena de Córdoba Morena Sierra 23 1. Identificación y localización La Sierra Morena cordobesa es un territorio serrano con Los pueblos se integran adecuadamente en el paisaje, paisajes naturales muy antropizados para actividades de con sus ruedos, caseríos tradicionales e hitos religiosos agrosilvicultura, sobre todo ganaderas y forestales. La que dan jerarquía a la mirada sobre ellos. No existe una dehesa es el elemento paisajístico más significativo y tal capital de todo el ámbito, si bien hay numerosas pobla- vez el mejor ejemplo en el territorio andaluz del aprove- ciones que ejercen el papel de cabeza comarcal (Villanue- chamiento y uso sostenible de los recursos naturales. Las va del Rey, Villaviciosa de Córdoba, Fuente Obejuna). La sierras atraviesan la provincia de este a oeste, separando minería también ha dado centralidad y dejado paisajes la vega de Los Pedroches en un la zona oriental y cen- de gran interés en Peñarroya-Pueblonuevo. tral y prolongándose hacia el noroeste en el valle del alto Guadiato. Las formas suaves y acolinadas conforman el Esta demarcación se encuadra dentro de las áreas pai- paisaje del bosque aclarado y explotado de la encina y el sajísticas de Sierras de baja montaña y Campiñas de lla- alcornoque. nuras interiores. Reseñas patrimoniales en el Plan de Ordenación del Territorio de Andalucía (pota) Zonificación del POTA: valle del Guadiato-Los Pedroches, vega del Guadalquivir, centro regional de Córdoba y Montoro (dominio territorial del valle del Guadalquivir) Referentes territoriales para la
    [Show full text]
  • The Celts of the Southwestern Iberian Peninsula
    e-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies Volume 6 The Celts in the Iberian Peninsula Article 9 7-12-2005 The eltC s of the Southwestern Iberian Peninsula Luis Berrocal-Rangel Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.uwm.edu/ekeltoi Recommended Citation Berrocal-Rangel, Luis (2005) "The eC lts of the Southwestern Iberian Peninsula," e-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies: Vol. 6 , Article 9. Available at: https://dc.uwm.edu/ekeltoi/vol6/iss1/9 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UWM Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in e-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies by an authorized administrator of UWM Digital Commons. For more information, please contact open- [email protected]. The Celts of the Southwestern Iberian Peninsula Luis Berrocal-Rangel Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Abstract Archaeological investigations carried out in the southwestern Iberian Peninsula during recent years have contributed to the identification of the cultural characteristics of its ancient populations, called Keltikoi or Celtici by Ephorus, Herodotus, Strabo and Pliny. From a detailed analysis of the types and distribution of the material culture, references in the Classical sources, epigraphic evidence, contemporary observations, and the presence of an individual decorative style of hand-made pottery, it is now possible to record the specific cultural traits of those native populations that occupied, at least from the end of the fifth century BC, the basins of the Sado and Guadiana Rivers in both Spain and Portugal.
    [Show full text]
  • Agricultural and Horticultural Halls and Annexes
    www.e-rara.ch International exhibition. 1876 official catalogue Agricultural and horticultural halls and annexes United States Centennial Commission Philadelphia, 1876 ETH-Bibliothek Zürich Shelf Mark: Rar 20263: 3-4 Persistent Link: http://dx.doi.org/10.3931/e-rara-78195 Spain. www.e-rara.ch Die Plattform e-rara.ch macht die in Schweizer Bibliotheken vorhandenen Drucke online verfügbar. Das Spektrum reicht von Büchern über Karten bis zu illustrierten Materialien – von den Anfängen des Buchdrucks bis ins 20. Jahrhundert. e-rara.ch provides online access to rare books available in Swiss libraries. The holdings extend from books and maps to illustrated material – from the beginnings of printing to the 20th century. e-rara.ch met en ligne des reproductions numériques d’imprimés conservés dans les bibliothèques de Suisse. L’éventail va des livres aux documents iconographiques en passant par les cartes – des débuts de l’imprimerie jusqu’au 20e siècle. e-rara.ch mette a disposizione in rete le edizioni antiche conservate nelle biblioteche svizzere. La collezione comprende libri, carte geografiche e materiale illustrato che risalgono agli inizi della tipografia fino ad arrivare al XX secolo. Nutzungsbedingungen Dieses Digitalisat kann kostenfrei heruntergeladen werden. Die Lizenzierungsart und die Nutzungsbedingungen sind individuell zu jedem Dokument in den Titelinformationen angegeben. Für weitere Informationen siehe auch [Link] Terms of Use This digital copy can be downloaded free of charge. The type of licensing and the terms of use are indicated in the title information for each document individually. For further information please refer to the terms of use on [Link] Conditions d'utilisation Ce document numérique peut être téléchargé gratuitement.
    [Show full text]
  • Read the Policy Highlights in English
    2 Introduction These policy highlights provide a summary of the OECD Mining Regions and Cities Case Study of Andalusia. This study is part of the OECD Mining Regions and Cities Initiative, a platform for knowledge sharing and co-operation that aims at increasing productivity and enhancing the wellbeing of cities and regions with a specialisation in mining and extractive industries. Mining regions can play an essential role in meeting climate goals and in accelerating the economic recovery from the COVID-19 crisis. Global environmental agendas have recognised the relevance of the mining sector to accelerate the transition to a low-carbon economy. Driven by the Green Deal and the new Industrial Strategy, the European Union (EU) has made the environmental sustainability of mining extraction and transformation a priority to achieve the EU’s climate neutrality goal by 2050. While mining is a global industry, its geographic concentration is a critical factor in the design of policies for sustainable economic development. Promoting environmentally sustainable regional mining value chains can provide new business opportunities for local firms and high-value-added jobs for local communities while meeting the climate goals. Andalusia is a European region that can leverage the increasing global and EU demand for sustainable raw materials and thus become a frontrunner in leading technologies and circular processes for environmentally sustainable mining. Andalusia is the largest mining producer in Spain, the second-largest copper producer in the EU and a leader in marble and gypsum production. The region hosts companies and activities at almost all stages of the mining value chain, from extraction to services and processing activities.
    [Show full text]
  • Capítulo 7 LIBRO GEOLOGÍA DE ESPAÑA Sociedad Geológica De España Instituto Geológico Y Minero De España
    Capítulo 7 LIBRO GEOLOGÍA DE ESPAÑA Sociedad Geológica de España Instituto Geológico y Minero de España 1 Índice Capítulo 7 7- Estructura Alpina del Antepaís Ibérico. Editor: G. De Vicente(1). 7.1 Rasgos generales. G. De Vicente, R. Vegas(1), J. Guimerá(2) y S. Cloetingh(3). 7.1.1 Estilos de deformación y subdivisiones de las Cadenas cenozoicas de Antepaís. G. De Vicente, R. Vegas, J. Guimerà, A. Muñoz Martín(1), A. Casas(4), N. Heredia(5), R. Rodríguez(5), J. M. González Casado(6), S. Cloetingh y J. Álvarez(1). 7.1.2 La estructura de la corteza del Antepaís Ibérico. Coordinador: A. Muñoz Martín. A. Muñoz-Martín, J. Álvarez, A. Carbó(1), G. de Vicente, R. Vegas y S. Cloetingh. 7.2 Evolución geodinámica cenozoica de la Placa Ibérica y su registro en el Antepaís. G. De Vicente, R. Vegas, J. Guimerà, A. Muñoz Martín, A. Casas, S. Martín Velázquez(7), N. Heredia, R. Rodríguez, J. M. González Casado, S. Cloetingh, B. Andeweg(3), J. Álvarez y A. Oláiz (1). 7.2.1 La geometría del límite occidental entre África y Eurasia. 7.2.2 La colisión Iberia-Eurasia. Deformaciones “Pirenaica” e “Ibérica”. 7.2.3 El acercamiento entre Iberia y África. Deformación “Bética”. 7.3 Cadenas con cobertera: Las Cadenas Ibérica y Costera Catalana. Coordinador: J. Guimerá. 7.3.1 La Cadena Costera Catalana. J. Guimerà. 7.3.2 La Zona de Enlace. J. Guimerà. 7.3.3 La unidad de Cameros. J. Guimerà. 7.3.4 La Rama Aragonesa. J. Guimerà. 7.3.5 La Cuenca de Almazán.
    [Show full text]
  • Sierra Morena De Córdoba
    23 Castillo de los Blázquez Castillo de Ducado #0%2 %2 BLAZQUEZ VALSEQUILLO N-502 %2Castillo Junquilla PEÑARROYA-PUEBLONUEVO A-342 Cerro del Castillo#%20Castillo FUENTE OBEJUNA#0 BELMEZ %2Castillo de Viandar en el Hoyo Río Guadiato VILLANUEVA DEL REY Cerro del Castillo%2 ESPIEL %2#0Castillo de Sierra del Castillo N-432 %2Obejo#0 CENTRAL TERMICA Atalaya de Lara Castillo Vacar %2 %2 VILLAVICIOSA%2 DE CORDOBA Río Guadalmellato Castillo Nevalo ADAMUZ #0 Río Bembézar CERRO MURIANO JARAS (LAS) #0 SOL (EL) LAS ERMITAS Río Retortillo SANTA MARIA DE TRASSIERRA DÑA.MANUELA SERRANÍA DEL SOL Torre del Ochavo !. BRILLANTE (EL) Cigarra Baja CÓRDOBA !. CÓRDOBA HORNACHUELOS INJERTO (EL) #%20Castillo Castillo POSADAS %2ALMODOVAR DEL RÍO A-342 Río Guadalquivir ERMITAS CASTILLOS N ESCALA 1:500.000 TORRES - REFERENTES VISUALES RED FERROVIARIA RÍOS La Sierra Morena Cordobesa es un territorio serrano con paisajes naturales muy EJES PRINCIPALES antropizados para actividades de agrosilvicultura, sobre todo ganaderas y forestales. La dehesa es el elemento paisajístico más significativo y tal vez el mejor DEMARCACIÓN ejemplo en el territorio andaluz del aprovechamiento y uso sostenible de los recursos naturales. Las sierras atraviesan la provincia de este a oeste, separando la vega de Los Pedroches en un la zona oriental y central y prolongándose hacia el MEGALITISMO noroeste en el valle del Alto Guadiato. Las formas suaves y acolinadas conforman el paisaje del bosque aclarado y explotado de la encina y el alcornoque. MINERÍA Los pueblos se integran adecuadamente en el paisaje, con sus ruedos, caseríos ELEMENTOS DEFENSIVOS tradicionales e hitos religiosos que dan jerarquía a la mirada sobre ellos.
    [Show full text]
  • L. Sánchez Villegas, E. Sánchez Gullón & A. F
    Short note Fl. Medit. 29: 103-108 https://doi.org/10.7320/FlMedit29.103 Version of Record published online on 15 July 2019 L. Sánchez Villegas, E. Sánchez Gullón & A. F. Muñoz Rodríguez Some interesting species to the flora of Huelva and Sevilla (SW Spain) Abstract Sánchez Villegas, L., Sánchez Gullón, E. & Muñoz Rodríguez, A. F.: Some interesting species to the flora of Huelva and Sevilla (SW Spain). — Fl. Medit. 29: 103-108. 2019. — ISSN: 1120- 4052 printed, 2240-4538 online. Six new records of interesting vascular plants are described for the provinces of Huelva and Sevilla (Spain). For each taxon, details are given of distribution, habitat, ecology, previous records and the extent of naturalization for the alien species. In addition, a new spontaneous hybrid species is described in the Linaria Mill. (Scrophulariaceae) genus: Linaria ×erebea Sánchez Gullón & Muñoz Rodr., located in the province of Huelva. Key words: floristics, Iberian Peninsula, xenophytes. Introduction Six new records of interesting vascular plants are described for the provinces of Huelva and Sevilla (Spain). These floristic novelties here presente are mainly the result of fielwork of first autor in Huelva and Sevilla (SW Iberian Peninsula) between 2016 and 2018. Voucher specimens of all taxa preserved in the herbaria of the University of Sevilla (SEV) and the Royal Botanical Garden of Madrid (MA). Results Allium pruinatum Link ex Spreng., Syst. Veg. 2: 35 (1825) (Liliaceae) Huelva: Almonte, Estación Biológica Doñana, proximidades Laguna Santa Olalla 29SQA2397. 11/7/2018. L. Sánchez Villegas & E. Sánchez Gullón (SEV 287455). Iberian endemism present in central and southern Portugal and western Andalusia (Pastor & Valdés 1983; Aedo 2013).
    [Show full text]
  • Bijdragen Tot De Dierkunde, 63 (1) 3-14 (1993)
    Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 63 (1) 3-14 (1993) SPB Academie Publishing bv, The Hague Morphological characterization, cytogenetic analysis, and geographical distribution of Marbled Newt Triturus the Pygmy marmoratus pygmaeus (Wolterstorff, 1905) (Caudata: Salamandridae) M. García-París P. Herrero C. Martín J. Dorda M. Esteban & B. Arano Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, E-28006 Madrid, Spain Keywords: Taxonomy, cytogenetics, Salamandridae, Triturus, Iberian Peninsula T. m. mar- T. Abstract moratus o a m. pygmaeus. Estos rasgos se aplican a series de individuos procedentes de colecciones científicas o bien observa- dos directamente sobre el terreno. Como consecuencia de la Triturus marmoratuspygmaeus, a problematicsubspecies of the aplicación de estos criterios, el área de distribución de T. m. pyg- Marbled Newt from the southern part of the Iberian Peninsula, maeus se extiende considerablemente hacia el norte. La distribu- is redescribed using specimens collected in the “typical” area. la ción de T. m. marmoratus incluye mitad septentrional de la external features Diagnostic morphological are provided to per- Península Ibérica y la mayor parte de Francia, mientras que T. mit the accurate determination ofthe specimens belonging either m. pygmaeus ocupa unaampliaporción en la región sudocciden- T. T. These to m. marmoratus or to m. pygmaeus. diagnostic tal de la Península Ibérica. La zona de contacto entre ambas features were applied to individuals both from the field and subespecies parece localizarse a lo largo del Sistema Central en from museum collections. The results indicate a larger distribu- Portugal y España. T. m. marmoratus sobrepasa hacia el sur el tional area for T. m.
    [Show full text]
  • Glenda Y. Nieto-Cuebas ISSN 1540 5877 Ehumanista/Cervantes 8
    Glenda Y. Nieto-Cuebas 215 The Sierra Morena Episodes in Don Quixote, from Prose to Visual Narrative Glenda Y. Nieto-Cuebas (Ohio Wesleyan University) The Sierra Morena episodes in Part One of Don Quixote have been deemed some of the most fascinating and experimental narratives in Early Modern Spanish prose due to their multiple narrators and the manner in which these narrative voices are integrated flawlessly into the main story (Mancing, 118). Frederick A. de Armas states that, with the transition into the Sierra Morena episodes, a drastic transformation takes place as Cervantes’s “narrative moves from a linear tale into a labyrinth where many mysteries and narrative threads appear” (96). Unfortunately, this labyrinthine quality makes it very difficult to represent this section of Don Quixote in alternative media, especially in visual narratives. As we know, there have been endless attempts to render parts of the Quixote in film, music, poetry, theater, illustrations, cartoons, comics, graphic novels, and more.1 While some have been more successful than others, few have captured the ingenuity and intricacy of Cervantes’s prose, nor its ability to actively engage its audience. This article focuses on how the narrative intricacies of these episodes have been successfully addressed in The Complete Don Quixote (2013), a graphic novel illustrated by Rob Davis. I analyze how its structural and compositional elements meet the demands of the original text, which compels readers to actively follow the characters along the bumpy roads of Sierra Morena. I begin by briefly outlining what the comic and graphic novel art forms involve, and how the academic community has received Davis’s work.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic and Phylogeographic Analysis of Iberian Lynx Populations
    Journal of Heredity 2004:95(1):19–28 ª 2004 The American Genetic Association DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esh006 Phylogenetic and Phylogeographic Analysis of Iberian Lynx Populations W. E. JOHNSON,J.A.GODOY,F.PALOMARES,M.DELIBES,M.FERNANDES,E.REVILLA, AND S. J. O’BRIEN From the Laboratory of Genomic Diversity, National Cancer Institute-FCRDC, Frederick, MD 21702-1201 (Johnson and O’Brien), Department of Applied Biology, Estacio´ n Biolo´ gica de Don˜ana, CSIC, Avda. Marı´a Luisa s/n, 41013, Sevilla, Spain (Godoy, Palomares, Delibes, and Revilla), and Instituto da Conservac¸a˜o da Natureza, Rua Filipe Folque, 46, 28, 1050-114 Lisboa, Portugal (Fernandes). E. Revilla is currently at the Department of Ecological Modeling, UFZ-Center for Environmental Research, PF 2, D-04301 Leipzig, Germany. The research was supported by DGICYT and DGES (projects PB90-1018, PB94-0480, and PB97-1163), Consejerı´a de Medio Ambiente de la Junta de Andalucı´a, Instituto Nacional para la Conservacion de la Naturaleza, and US-Spain Joint Commission for Scientific and Technological Cooperation. We thank A. E. Pires, A. Piriz, S. Cevario, V. David, M. Menotti-Raymond, E. Eizirik, J. Martenson, J. H. Kim, A. Garfinkel, J. Page, C. Ferris, and E. Carney for advice and support in the laboratory and J. Calzada, J. M. Fedriani, P. Ferreras, and J. C. Rivilla for assistance in the capture of lynx. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Don˜ana Biological Station scientific collection, Don˜ana National Park, and Instituto da Conservac¸a˜o da Natureza of Portugal provided samples of museum specimens.
    [Show full text]
  • A Study of the Bronze Age Metalwork from the Iberian Peninsula in the British Museum
    A M P U R I A S (Barcelona) t. 43, 1981, pagines 113- 170 A Study of the Bronze Age Metalwork from the Iberian Peninsula in the British Museum By RICHARDJ. HARRISONand PAULT. CRADDOCK with an appendix by MICHAELJ. HUGHES" The collections of prehistoric bronze the Very Reverend Canon Greenwell of metalwork discussed here have accumula- Durham Cathedral. He was actively co- ted in a fortuitous manner for over llecting bronzes in the latter part o£ 125 years, with a succession of gifts large the nineteenth century, and through his aild small, purchases, and transfers from friendly contacts with Horace Sandars, he other collections. The opportunity arose to was able to acquire type-specimens from catalogue and examine the entire collec- the Iberian Peninsula. The part of his tion, and to make it available for inclu- collection containing these items was sion into the synthetic works that are now bought by the American financier James actively in progress. Pierpont Morgan, and presented outright The year 1849 marks the acquisition of to the Museum as a gift in 1909. the first prehistoric bronze implement Other important pieces were acquired from Spain, donated by Mr. S. P. Pratt, in 1964 when the Wellcome Collection was F. R. S., and published the same year by presented to the Museum. The included Mr. James Yates. For a long time this a dozen Early Bronze Age pieces from double-looped palstave was one of the George Bonsor's old excavations around Few published prehistoric bronzes known Carmona (Prov. Sevilla) in the period Erom the Peninsula, and it has been illus- 1890-1910, and which seem to have come trated many times since then.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Results of the Application of a Complex Approach to the Research of the Late Bronze Age Muradymovo Settlement in the Volgo-Ural Region
    Volume I ● Issue 1–2/2010 ● Pages 29–36 INTERDISCIPLINARIA ARCHAEOLOGICA NATURAL SCIENCES IN ARCHAEOLOGY homepage: http://www.iansa.eu Some Results of the Application of a Complex Approach to the Research of the Late Bronze Age Muradymovo Settlement in the Volgo-Ural Region Nickolay Sherbakova*, Iia Shutelevaa, Gulnara Obydennovaa, Marina Balonovaa, Olga Khohlovab, Alexandra Golyevac aArchaeological Laboratory of Bashkir State Pedagogical University, Ufa, Russia bInstitute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems of Soil Science (Pushchino Scientific Centre), Russia cInstitute of geography Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia ARtICle Info ABStRACt Article history: Research at the Late Bronze Age Muradymovo settlement site located in the Volga-Urals (Figure 1) is the Received: 6 December 2010 first experience of a comprehensive study of archaeological materials with the help of natural sciences Accepted: 21 February 2011 and techniques, such as paleopedology and radiocarbon dating (Chernykh et al. 2002; Chernykh et al. 2004). Radiocarbon dating of the Muradymovo settlement materials provided satisfactory results for Keywords: ceramic samples. It also demonstrated the necessity of careful selection of cultural layer soils for dating palaeopedology purposes. microbiomorphic analysis radiocarbon dating settlement, late Bronze Age Volgo-Ural region Srubno-Alakul’ culture 1. Introduction researched sites in the central Volgo-Urals region (Figures 1 and 2). The Muradymovo settlement was discovered in 1990 by However, radiocarbon dating has never been used in members of the expedition of the Bashkir Scientific Center studies of the Bronze Age settlements in the Bashkortostan of the Russian Academy of Science (Ufa), headed by territory (Hanks et al. 2007). The goal of resuming A.
    [Show full text]