Rivers Chimo Resort Two Creeks 102° R 29 W R 28 W R 27 W R 26 W R 25 W R 24 W R 23 W R 22 W RW h2e1a tWland R 20 W25 R 19 W 100° 25 300 000 325 000 350 000 375 000 400 000 425 000 50° 50° SURFICIAL GEOLOGY COMPILATION MAP SERIES Kenton Bradwardine 83 Harding The Surficial Geology Compilation Map Series (SGCMS) addresses an increasing demand for Elkhorn consistent surficial geology information for applications such as groundwater protection,
Lenore industrial mineral management, protected lands, basic research, mineral exploration, engineering, and environmental assessment. The SGCMS will provide province-wide coverage at scales of 1:500 000, 1:250 000 and a final compilation at 1:1 000 000. Tp 11 Tp 11 21 The unit polygons were digitized from paper maps originally published by the Geological 1 Hargrave Survey of Canada and Manitoba Geological Survey (MGS). In several areas, digital polygons derived from soils mapping were used to fill gaps in the geological mapping. The 1:250 000 scale maps provide a bibliography for the original geological mapping.
1 Edge-matching of adjoining 1:250 000 scale map sheets is based on data from the Shuttle
0 1
1 0
0 Radar Topography Mission Digital Elevation Model (SRTM DEM ) as interpreted by the MGS.
5 2
r 5 Other polygon inconsistencies were modified in a similar manner. Geology (colour) is draped e iv 5 over a shaded topographic relief map (grey tones) derived from the SRTM DEM. Sioux Valley R Virden 0 0
Tp 10 0 Kola Kemnay Tp 10 1 1 1 5
2 United States Geological Survey 2002: Shuttle radar topography mission, digital elevation model, Manitoba; United 5 Alexander 5 States Geological Survey, URL
COLLUVIUM: landslide debris, eroded slopes, sheet flood Oak Lake Beach Hayfield C deposits associated with steep slopes Oak Tp 8 Tp 8 0 0 0
83 L
S 0 EOLIAN: sand and minor silt; dunes, blowouts and undulating t 0 o 5 C n 5 E plains; generally overlies deltaic sediments, coarse lacustrine y re e Plum k sediments, or glaciofluvial deposits 0
0 Oak Lake Reserve 2 0 Souris Lakes 2 0
0 Carroll 5
J ALLUVIAL SEDIMENTS: sand and gravel, sand, silt, clay, 5 a Belleview c A organic detritus; 1–20 m thick; channel and overbank k s o sediments; reworked by existing rivers and deposited primarily n 10 Deleau Tp 7 Tp 7 as bars 2 Sinclair 2 MARGINAL GLACIOLACUSTRINE SEDIMENTS: sand and Reston Pipestone Ls gravel; 1–20 m thick; beach ridges, spits, bars, littoral sand and Maple gravel; formed by waves at the margin of glacial Lake Agassiz
22 E OFFSHORE GLACIOLACUSTRINE SEDIMENTS: clay, silt, minor l g i Lc Lake n sand; 1–20 m thick; very low relief massive and laminated deposits; r e deposited from suspension in offshore, deep water of glacial Lake iv Agassiz; commonly scoured and homogenized by icebergs Tp 6 R Tp 6
C Hartney
G r e r DISTAL GLACIOFLUVIAL SEDIMENTS: fine sand, minor gravel, a e h k Gs a thin silt and clay interbeds; 1–75 m thick; subaqueous outwash fans; m deposited in glacial Lake Agassiz by meltwater turbidity currents; Underhill Elgin commonly reshaped by wave erosion and reworked by wind 23 Fairfax 0 0 0
5 PROXIMAL GLACIOFLUVIAL SEDIMENTS: sand and gravel; 7 4
G
5 1–20 m thick; complex deposits, belts with single or multiple esker Minto 21 ris ridges and kames, as well as thin, low-relief deposits; deposited in ou C Tp 5
Tp 5 0 re contact with glacial ice by meltwater 0 S
0 Tilston e k
5 Lauder 7 4
5
83 TILL: diamicton; 1–75 m thick; low-relief, commonly streamlined deposits; subglacial deposits; largely derived from shale above the Manitoba Escarpment, carbonate rocks Creek in the central lowlands, and crystalline rocks in areas of Precambrian terrane; Regent thicker sequences consist of multiple units of varying texture; commonly scoured by icebergs; Dand covered discontinuously by thin veneers (<1 m) of glaciolacustrine and glaciofluvial sediments
Napinka 10 Tp 4 Tp 4 Calcareous clay diamicton, predominantly derived from Mesozoic Tm shale C re ek Melita Calcareous silt diamicton, predominantly derived from Paleozoic 3 Tc dolomite and limestone Medora Whitewater
3 Boissevain Non-calcareous sand diamicton, predominantly derived from Tp Pre-cambrian crystalline rock Tp 3 Lake Tp 3 Elva
Whitewater 0 0 0
0 5 4 Deloraine Pre-Quaternary 5
Pierson 3 0 3 0 ROCK: > 75% bedrock outcrop; Cretaceous shales above the 0
0 R 5 Manitoba Escarpment, Paleozoic carbonate-dominated rocks in 4
5 areas west and south of Lake Winnipeg, exposed typically as Mountainside glacially striated, low-relief surfaces; in Precambrian terrane, generally 10 Tp 2 Tp 2 unweathered intrusive, metasedimentary, and metavolcanic rocks having a glacially scoured irregular surface with high local relief
ek Uncoloured legend blocks indicate units that do not appear on this map. re C Waskada Goodlands To aid the reader a shadow effect has been added to exaggerate the topographic relief. Coulter ainsborough 21 G 83 Published by: Manitoba Industry, Economic Development and Mines Manitoba Geological Survey, 2004 Lyleton Sharpe Compiled by: G.L.D. Matile and G.R. Keller Tp 1 Tp 1 A Lake ntler Modifed from: Blais-Stevens, A. Sun, C. Fulton, R.J. 1999. Surficial geology, Virden, Manitoba - Saskatchewan; River Geological Survey of Canada, "A" Series Map, Map 1922A, 1 map. Scale 1:125 000. 49° 49°
300 000 325 000 350 000 375 000 400 000 425 000 102° 100° R 29 W R 28 W R 27 W R 26 W R 25 W R 24 W R 23 W R 22 W R 21 W R 20 W Printed 2004 Scale 1:250 000
0 10 20 30
Kilometres
A brief description of the Quaternary landscape of southern Manitoba Major landforms: southern Manitoba Major landforms: NTS 62F 100° 98° 96° 102° 100°
G 53° Eastward-facing bedrock escarpments culminating in cuestas which form the Manitoba Escarpment provide a foundation for the 53° e 50° 50° The Pas Moraine or M ge present-day landscape of southern Manitoba. To the east, the landscape is dominated by Precambrian rocks and bedrock structure, o Is SURFICIAL GEOLOGY COMPILATION MAP SERIES ra la Arrow Hills esker in n such as faulting, is commonly visible. e d Dead-ice A s oine SG-62F Above the Manitoba Escarpment, the landscape is dominated by hummocky moraine or dead-ice topography, streamlined topography s Assinib Streamlined landforms in spillway topography and glacial spillways. Many areas are covered by thick sequences of glacial till representing numerous glacial episodes ibo ine Precambrian spi dating back more than 100,000 years. The most recent glacial advances were from the northwest. Glacial till tends to be clay rich. shield llway 52° The Interlake is dominated by streamlined landforms and in lower areas, glaciolacustrine depositional basins. Quaternary sediments 52° Surficial geology of the Virden map sheet tend to be relatively thin and the preservation of older sediments is uncommon, limited to bedrock protected areas such as Dead-ice B e escarpments. Bedrock outcrops are common. Glacial advance was generally from the northwest, parallel to the streamlined topography d (NTS 62F), Manitoba r o c Glacial Lake Hind k landforms. Glacial till is typically silt rich. Glacial retreat occurred in a series of steps marked by moraines: the Darlingford Moraine fa u l y 100° 96° 92° 88° (~11,000 years old); the Sandilands Moraine, which represents the interlobate position of the Rainy lobe from the northeast and the ts a w ll Red River lobe from the northwest; the Birds Hill–Belair Moraine; the Teulon Moraine; and The Pas Moraine (~9000 years old). ii 60° U p p 51° s Index Map George Island Moraine, contemporaneous with and to the east of The Pas Moraine, is another ice margin of the retreating Rainy 51° pe a 64N 64O 64P 54M r Precambrian Ca G Saskatchewan in
A m l ac shield b lobe. s p ia m
s b l e
e f e i lu P
n l
l te n 54L 54K Dead-ice i 64K 64J 64I 58° i w s
b a
topography a r In the Precambrian shield, rock outcrops dominate the landscape. Quaternary sediments are commonly thick, but discontinuous, o v
o i l 58° n e im e - M e c i rarely completely infilling the bedrock lows. Older sediments, including saprolites, are often preserved in the bedrock lows where n r t u i 54F s i o 64F 64G 64H 54E t a p a f 54G r l i s c l o e a they are protected from glacial erosion. Glacial advance was generally from the northeast. Glacial till is typically sand rich. l c N w r a M B b o 54A r a r n – o p l t y o l n h l i a e 54B Teu t a 54D 54C H e s 64C 64B 64A 56° As the glaciers retreated, glacial lakes Souris and Hind formed and drained, and glacial Lake Agassiz expanded northward, s g t d la 50° 50° Portage la Prairie ir c 56° B ia 53O progressively covering the entire area below the Manitoba Escarpment. Major Lake Agassiz landforms include the Assiniboine NTS 62F alluvial fan l d 53N e 63O 53M Assiniboine Delta b 63N 63P Delta, which formed as glacial meltwater flowed from the Assiniboine spillway, and clay plains composed of tens of metres of clay ri Glacial Glacial Lake Agassiz s and silt. The Herman beaches indicate the highest level attained by Lake Agassiz in southern Manitoba. The Upper Campbell beach Lake Hind Sand dunes P clay plain 53K em 63K 63J 63I 53L b d M H 54° is the best developed of the Lake Agassiz beaches and is evident along the base of the Manitoba Escarpment. in r o e a o r r Alluvial fans S Bogs and fens sp f a m a 54° i g i n ll lin n a M d w r e n o il Dead-ice a a a Holocene modifications to the landscape include eolian activity (sand dunes) primarily in the Assiniboine Delta and the Sandilands y D b ra n 63F 63G 63H 53E e in d Glacial Lake Souris a e s topography Glacial c Moraine; the Portage la Prairie alluvial fan, from which fluctuating Assiniboine River flow directions over the last 7000 years have Dead-ice h Lake Souris e Alluvial fans topography s 49° 49° 49° 49° 63C 53D been documented; smaller alluvial fans that have developed along the Manitoba Escarpment; large landslide areas (colluvium) that 63B 63A 52° are active along the northern part of the Manitoba Escarpment; and organic accumulations (bogs and fens) with basal radiocarbon 100° 98° 96° 102° 100° 52° Scale 1:4 000 000 landforms indicating Scale 1:1 000 000 landforms indicating dates of approximately 6000 years, that occur in the northeast and extend westward into the northern and eastern Interlake and 62N 62O 62P 52M 800 500 200 0 20 40 80 120 160 direction of ice flow 0 5 10 20 30 40 direction of ice flow Legend southward into southeastern Manitoba. striations indicating Kilometres m asl Kilometres direction of ice flow 62K 62I 52L Map extent 62J 50° 50° 0 90 180 62F 62G 62H 52E Kilometres North American Datum 1983 Copies of this map can be obtained from: Phone: (204) 945-4154 Suggested reference: Universal Transverse Mercator Projection, Zone 14 Manitoba Industry, Economic Development and Mines Toll free: 1-800-223-5215 Matile, G.L.D. and Keller, G.R. 2004: Surficial geology of the Virden map sheet (NTS 62F), Manitoba; Shuttle Radar Topography Mission elevation data provided by NASA (2003) Manitoba Geological Survey, Publication Sales E-mail: [email protected] 100° 96° 92° 100X Vertical Exaggeration 360-1395 Ellice Ave This map is available to download Manitoba Industry, Economic Development and Mines, Manitoba Geological Survey, Approximate mean declination (2004) for centre of map is 8°15' E, decreasing 7.1' annually. Winnipeg, MB, R3G 3P2 free of charge at Surficial Geology Compilation Map Series, SG-62F, scale 1:250 000. Canada www.gov.mb.ca/itm/mrd