PIEGHEVOLI DEFINITIVIINGLESE4antMODIF_Layout125/10/1019.34Pagina17 cultural events andentertainmentofferedinRome For touristinformation, www.turismoroma.it or visit 06 Call number • • • • • • • • • • LIST OF T.I.P. (Tourism InformationPoints) Inside BuildingF-Platform24(8.0020.30) Via GiovanniGiolitti, 34 Termini Piazza SidneySonnino(9.30-19.00) Sonnino Via dell'Olmata(9.30-19.00) Santa MariaMaggiore (9.30 -19.00) Via Nazionale-nearPalazzo delleEsposizioni Nazionale Piazza delleCinqueLune(9.30-19.00) Navona Via MarcoMinghetti(9.30-19.00) Minghetti Piazza Pia(9.30-19.00) Castel Sant'Angelo (9.30 -19.00) Lungomare Paolo Toscanelli cornerPiazza Anco Marzio Ostia Lido International - Terminal T -3(9.0018.30) Da Vinci"-Arrivals "Leonardo International Airport Fiumicino International Arrivals –BaggageCollection Area (9.00-18.30) G.B. PastineCiampino 06 08 Transport and 2Museumsfree The Cardthatoffersyou www.romapass.it

Photos: A. Cenni - M. Cristofani Translated by: Renzo Arzeni DGE SYSTEM defining theuniqueprofileofRometoday. Past andpresentthatareinterwovenin moments inhistory. defensive strategyofthecityatvarious which recount,intheirvariousforms,the of achievementsgreatmen,bastions Imposing archeswhichcelebratetheglory of aplacethroughthecenturies. which, however,canrevealthetruespirit is arousedbyapparentlysecondarydetails the morecarefultravellerswhosecuriosity sual standpoint.Anitineraryreservedfor Discovering theEternalCityfromanunu- 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Addresses Metro: lineB, Piramide stop. Museo delleMura 990. Tram: 9. Metro: line A, OttavianoandCiprostops. Città del Vaticano Torre deiFrangipane 175. Metro: lineB, Colosseostop. Via deiForiImperiali 175. Metro: lineB, Colosseostop. Arco diSettimioSevero 175, 186and271. Metro: lineB, Colosseostop. Triumphal arches Stazione Termini -Piazza deiCinquecento Metro, lines A andB. Buses: 70 and 170. . Buses: 64, 81and87. Tram: 8. . Buses: 60, 75, 84, 85, 87, 117, . Buses: 49, 32, 81, 982, 492and . Via diPortaSanSebastiano, 18. . Bus: 70. . Buses: 60, 81, 85, 87, and . Buses: 60, 81, 85, 87, and COLOSSEO . [ AND ARCHES WALLS, TOWERS Roma ti aspetta PIEGHEVOLI DEFINITIVIINGLESE4antMODIF_Layout125/10/1019.34Pagina18 gateways ten access wall andits The boundary

Aurelian Walls 3rd century AD: thethreat ofthebar- sing theQuirinale, Viminale, Esquiline, defence structureagainarose inthe Oppium, Caelium and Aventine areas. incorporated instructuresofImperialage. urban wall. The necessityforanew centre forabout11kilometresenclo- Mediterranean, nolongerhadan gateways, surroundedtheinhabited under theemperor Augustus andwasthen For alongperiodRome, masterofthe walls, alongwhich therewereten of 94metres. The perimeterofthese Piazza deiCinquecento, forastretch you emergefrom Termini station, in , arestillwellinsight as tufa blocks, attributedtotheking disappeared, whereasthosemadeof ted tothePalatine Hill, havenow most ancientwalls, whichwerelimi- century alongdifferentperimeters. The developeduntiltheseventh The CintaMuraria (boundarywall)of [ This defensivesystemwasrestored Rome towers in hundred about nine there were Middle Ages In the

Museum of the Walls the BastionediMichelangelo(1534). wall withCastelS. Angelo startedfrom On thenorthernside, theconnecting Urban VIII, surroundsthe . papacies ofPaul III, PiusIV, Pius V and The Vatican Wall, erectedduringthe was asquaretowerevery30metres. almost 6metresinheight, andthere extended forabout19kilometres, was 271 AD.in wall TheAurelianWall dary emperor Aurelian tobuildanewboun- barian invasionsinfactinducedthe structure. Behind it, goingup Via Tor Maggiore” becauseofitsmassive the Middle Ages asthe “Torre built inthe13thcenturyandknown with Via Cavour, isthe Torre deiConti, In Via deiFori Imperiali, atthecrossing symbol ofsupremacy. main familiestheywereabovealla different possessions, whileforthe subdivision oftheareaintosomany nine hundred! The towersmarked the of thewalls, theynumberedaround forest oftowers(torri): includingthose Rome wascharacterized byawhole In theMiddle Ages, theaspectof analyzes thesystemsofbuildingthem. Walls), whichdescribestheirhistoryand the MuseodelleMura (Museumofthe [ Inside thePortaSanSebastianois Scimmia Torre della legend ofthe The curious

Porta San Paolo they consistedofstructures inthe that wecanputdowntothe Romans: Triumphalconstructions are Arches way, whichwereerectedtocelebrate form ofamonumentalarched gate- of theMonkey). ve the Torre deiFrangipane, knownas Lastly, in Via deiPortoghesi, weobser- Sanguigni andthe Torre deiMillini. Piazza Navonawefindthe Torre dei IX inthe13thcentury. Rightagainst delle Milizie, orderedbyPopeGregory top oftheascentwereach Torre stemming fromthe Trajan age. At the Grillo, builtontheremainsofwalls dei Conti, wecometothe Torre del red thebabyunharmedtoitsfamily. monkey hadcomebackdownanddelive- tower tocradle it. Then, miraculously, the Frangipane familyandhadcarrieditupthe had snatchedanew-bornbabefromthe della Scimmia. Itisrelatedthatamonkey the “Torre della Scimmia” (the Tower [ There isastoryregardingthe Torre phal arches by trium- celebrated emperors The Roman strongholds, anditwasnot “freed” incorporated thearchinoneoftheir War. IntheMiddle Ages theFrangipani Vespasian and Titus intheJudaean AD tocommemorate thevictoriesof Forum, waserectedbyDomitianin81 The , intheRoman Rome. Three triumphalarchesremainin instead wereaddedastimewentby. were withoutanydecorations, which made ofwoodandbrickwork tory inwar. The firstarcheswere emperors orcommandersafteravic- Milvian bridge(SaxaRubra) in312 AD. Constantine overMaxentiusatthe , celebrates thevictoryof The Arch ofConstantine, alongsidethe municating barrel-vaults. and hasastructureofthreeintercom- and the Adiabenians. Itismarblelined Geta, overtheParthians, the Arabs and ofhistwosons, Caracalla and recalls thevictoriesofemperor ted in203 AD astridethe , The Arch ofSeptimiusSeverus, erec- restore it. sioned byPopePius VII in1821to until Giuseppe Valadier wascommis- Towers best preservedofthesurvivingarches. as 25metresinheight)andistheone It isthelargestofarches(asmuch