Annual Report on Conservation and Science INTRODUCTION 2
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The Status of the Endangered Freshwater Fishes in China and the Analysis of the Endangered Causes Institute of Hydrobiology
The status of the endangered freshwater fishes in China and The analysis of the endangered causes HE Shunping, CIIEN Yiyu Institute of Hydrobiology, CAS, Wuhan, ITubei Province, 430072 Abstract More than 800 species of freshwater fishes are precious biological resources in inland water system of China. Among them, there are a great number of endemic and precious group, and a lot of monotypic genera and species. Recently, owing to the synthetic effects of the natural and human-beings, many of these fishes gradually became endangered. The preliminary statistic result indicates that 92 species are endangered fishes and account for 10% of the total freshwater fishes in China. For the purpose of protection of the biodiversity of fishes, it is necessary to analyse these causes which have led the fishes to become endangered. This report could be used as a scientific reference for researching and saving the endemic precious freshwater fishes in China. Key words Endangered freshwater fishes, Endangered causes, China In the process of the evolution of living things, along with the origin of life, the extinction of life also existed. In the long_ life history, the speciation and the extinction of living things often keep a relative balance. As time goes on, especially after by the impact of human beings activity of production and life, the pattern of the biodiversity were changed or damaged, more or less. At last, in the modern society, human beings activity not only accelerate the progress of society and the development of economy, but also, as a special species, become the source of disturbing_ to other species. -
Fresh- and Brackish-Water Cold-Tolerant Species of Southern Europe: Migrants from the Paratethys That Colonized the Arctic
water Review Fresh- and Brackish-Water Cold-Tolerant Species of Southern Europe: Migrants from the Paratethys That Colonized the Arctic Valentina S. Artamonova 1, Ivan N. Bolotov 2,3,4, Maxim V. Vinarski 4 and Alexander A. Makhrov 1,4,* 1 A. N. Severtzov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; [email protected] 2 Laboratory of Molecular Ecology and Phylogenetics, Northern Arctic Federal University, 163002 Arkhangelsk, Russia; [email protected] 3 Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 163000 Arkhangelsk, Russia 4 Laboratory of Macroecology & Biogeography of Invertebrates, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Analysis of zoogeographic, paleogeographic, and molecular data has shown that the ancestors of many fresh- and brackish-water cold-tolerant hydrobionts of the Mediterranean region and the Danube River basin likely originated in East Asia or Central Asia. The fish genera Gasterosteus, Hucho, Oxynoemacheilus, Salmo, and Schizothorax are examples of these groups among vertebrates, and the genera Magnibursatus (Trematoda), Margaritifera, Potomida, Microcondylaea, Leguminaia, Unio (Mollusca), and Phagocata (Planaria), among invertebrates. There is reason to believe that their ancestors spread to Europe through the Paratethys (or the proto-Paratethys basin that preceded it), where intense speciation took place and new genera of aquatic organisms arose. Some of the forms that originated in the Paratethys colonized the Mediterranean, and overwhelming data indicate that Citation: Artamonova, V.S.; Bolotov, representatives of the genera Salmo, Caspiomyzon, and Ecrobia migrated during the Miocene from I.N.; Vinarski, M.V.; Makhrov, A.A. -
Rabies and Distemper Outbreaks in Smallest Ethiopian Wolf Population
RESEARCH LETTERS Therefore, the new H7N9 viruses were highly pathogenic live-poultry markets in Guangdong, China. PLoS One. 2015; to chickens when compared with the early H7N9 virus and 10:e0126335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0126335 4. Shi J, Deng G, Liu P, Zhou J, Guan L, Li W, et al. Isolation and could transmit among chickens by contact. characterization of H7N9 viruses from live poultry markets— The biological features of H7N9 virus and its pandemic implication of the source of current H7N9 infection in humans. potential have caused global concern (8). The early H7N9 vi- Chin Sci Bull. 2013;58:1857–63. https://doi.org/10.1007/ ruses lacked the basic HA cleavage site, exhibited low patho- s11434-013-5873-4 5. Ramos I, Krammer F, Hai R, Aguilera D, Bernal-Rubio D, genicity, and caused mild or no disease in poultry (9). The Steel J, et al. H7N9 influenza viruses interact preferentially with α2,3- cleavage site in HA protein of the isolates we analyzed were linked sialic acids and bind weakly to α2,6-linked sialic acids. J Gen KGKRTAR¯G or KRKRTAR¯G. They had high pathoge- Virol. 2013;94:2417–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.056184-0 nicity and replication in chickens and could transmit among 6. Li Z, Chen H, Jiao P, Deng G, Tian G, Li Y, et al. Molecular basis of replication of duck H5N1 influenza viruses in a chickens by contact. Therefore, these new H7N9 viruses could mammalian mouse model. J Virol. 2005;79:12058–64. -
Humans Are Not Off the Hook for Extinctions of Large Herbivores – Then Or Now 8 April 2019, by René Bobe and Susana Carvalho
Humans are not off the hook for extinctions of large herbivores – then or now 8 April 2019, by René Bobe And Susana Carvalho pattern today. Ancient hominins in a land of giants The genus Australopithecus is among the best known hominins from the Pliocene. Dating as far back as 4.2m years, they shared food and water- rich woodland and grassland environments with a dozen species of large herbivores, including three giraffids, two hippos, two species of rhinoceros and five species of proboscideans – a trunked and tusked group of animals that includes modern Hippos at Gorongosa National Park. Credit: Brett elephants and extinct mammoths and mastodons. Kuxhausen, Author provided, Author provided What triggered the decline and eventual extinction of many megaherbivores, the giant plant-eating mammals that roamed the Earth millions of years ago, has long been a mystery. These animals, which weighed 1,000kg or more and included the ancient relatives of modern elephants, rhinos, hippos and giraffes, reached a peak of diversity in Africa some 4.5m years ago during the Pliocene epoch (between 5.3m and 2.6m years ago). After this, their numbers slowly declined, in a trend that continued into the Pleistocene (2.6m years ago to roughly 11,000 years ago). Both the Earth's climate and hominins – our early human ancestors – have in the past been blamed Kanapoi, Kenya, where 4.2m year old Australopithecus for this change. However, a recent paper argued was found. Credit: René Bobe, Author provided, Author that the gradual extinction of megaherbivores provided occurred because of long-term environmental changes and that developments in hominin behaviour – such as wielding tools and using fire – did not impact megaherbivore decline. -
2017 Annual Report
Pan African Sanctuary Alliance Annual Report 2017 Letter from the Executive Director Dear friends, When I joined the Pan African Sanctuary Alliance (PASA) as Executive Director in 2015, the Board of Directors and I shared a vision of empowering pioneering wildlife centers across Africa, being guided by their expertise and developing PASA to be a leader in the movement to protect great apes and monkeys. It’s been a busy two years: In 2016, we laid the groundwork for a number of innovative programs that address the dire threats facing our closest relatives. In 2017, we expanded on that foundation, launching our projects in the field and expanding our reach in education and social media. But we haven’t done it alone. Through this journey, I’ve seen time and time again that the most valuable members of the movement to save Africa’s primates are compassionate and dedicated people like you. You gave hundreds of thousands of children across Africa the opportunity to learn about the animals around them and develop compassion for all living beings. You gave chimpanzees like Leila in Angola a life free from chains. You made it possible for specialists to visit PASA’s member sanctuaries and provide customized training for the caregivers who work closest with orphaned chimpanzees, gorillas, and monkeys. Without you, our work to save great apes and monkeys from extinction wouldn’t be possible. I can’t thank you enough for your commitment to these amazing animals. I am incredibly proud of what we’ve accomplished together. As PASA continues to grow, we will develop more impactful ways of strengthening our member sanctuaries and protecting the countless primates in need across Africa. -
Masked Bobwhite (Colinus Virginianus Ridgwayi) 5-Year Review
Masked Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus ridgwayi) 5-Year Review: Summary and Evaluation Photograph by Paul Zimmerman U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge Sasabe, AZ March 2014 5-YEAR REVIEW Masked Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus ridgwayi) 1.0 GENERAL INFORMATION 1.1 Reviewers Lead Regional Office Southwest Region, Region 2, Albuquerque, NM Susan Jacobsen, Chief, Division of Classification and Restoration, 505-248-6641 Wendy Brown, Chief, Branch of Recovery and Restoration, 505-248-6664 Jennifer Smith-Castro, Recovery Biologist, 505-248-6663 Lead Field Office: Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge (BANWR) Sally Gall, Refuge Manager, 520-823-4251 x 102 Juliette Fernandez, Assistant Refuge Manager, 520-823-4251 x 103 Dan Cohan, Wildlife Biologist, 520-823-4351 x 105 Mary Hunnicutt, Wildlife Biologist, 520-823-4251 Cooperating Field Office(s): Arizona Ecological Services Tucson Field Office Jean Calhoun, Assistant Field Supervisor, 520-670-6150 x 223 Mima Falk, Senior Listing Biologist, 520-670-6150 x 225 Scott Richardson, Supervisory Fish and Wildlife Biologist, 520-670-6150 x 242 Mark Crites, Fish and Wildlife Biologist, 520-670-6150 x 229 Arizona Ecological Services Field Office Steve Spangle, Field Supervisor, 602-242-0210 x 244 1.2 Purpose of 5-Year Reviews: The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service or USFWS) is required by section 4(c)(2) of the Endangered Species Act (Act) to conduct a status review of each listed species once every 5 years. The purpose of a 5-year review is to evaluate whether or not the species’ status has changed since it was listed (or since the most recent 5-year review). -
Read a Handout About the Restoration of Gorongosa National Park That Will
GORONGOSA: RESTORING MOZAMBIQUE’S NATIONAL TREASURE A partnership between a nonprofit organization and the Mozambican government is aiming to restore a national park to its former glory as an iconic African floodplain teeming with elephants, lions, zebras, wildebeests, and a myriad of smaller critters. The success of the project will depend not only on the ability to restore and protect the animal species in the park but also on meeting the challenges of overpopulation and poverty in the area. The lessons learned from this sustainable development endeavor could help reshape and restore wild places everywhere. War Destroys an African Eden for their ivory, a major source of funding for weapons and ammu- nition. Today, Gorongosa National Park comprises 1,570 square miles of wilderness at the southern tip of the African Great Rift Valley In the decade after the war, civilian hunters continued killing in Mozambique, a country on the southeastern coast of Africa. most of the remaining large animals for food. In just 20 years, the It began life in the early 20th century, when Mozambique was a decline in the number of herbivores in Gorongosa was staggering Portuguese colony, as a reserve for wealthy hunters to come and and, as the prey disappeared, so did the predators. Before the war, shoot “big game,” such as elephants and lions. In the 1960s, while Gorongosa had over 200 lions, 2,500 elephants, 14,000 African still under Portuguese control, Gorongosa became a protected park buffaloes, 6,500 wildebeests, and 3,500 zebras. By 1994, you could where tourists, mainly from Portugal, could come and stay at Chit- count the number of lions on one hand, there were no buffaloes and engo camp and see the wild herds. -
Western Lowland Gorilla (Gorilla Gorilla Gorilla) Is Listed As Critically Endangered by IUCN Red List
CONSERVATION INITIATIVES Long-term population monitoring WESTERN Population monitoring of gorrillas and LOWLAND other large mammals in Monte Alén NP GORILLA Central Africa Conservation breeding Participate in WLG EEP at Bristol Zoo The western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) is listed as Critically Endangered by IUCN Red List. Found in six countries across Central Africa, it is threatened with habitat loss and bushmeat hunting across much of its range. Human-wildlife co-existence In 2014, the IUCN Species Survival Commission Primate Specialist Group Great Ape Section released the Regional Action Plan for the Conservation of Western Lowland Work with local communities to find Gorillas and Central Chimpanzees 2015-2025. In this plan, these experts highlight sustainable alternatives to bushmeat priority landscapes and actions to ensure the conservation of this species. One of the hunting sites of Exceptional Importance (i.e., holds more than 5% of the global population of gorillas) for gorilla conservation is the Monte Alén-Monts de Cristal-Abanga Landscape, a transboundary region between Equatorial Guinea and Gabon. The heart of this landscape is Monte Alén National Park, in Rio Muni, mainland Equatorial Guinea. This region is also highlighted for its high ‘irreplaceability value’, meaning that it is an area that must be preserved in order for effective conservation of the target species to occur, and where the same level of conservation impact cannot easily be acheieved Building capacity by conserving another region. This, coupled with the estimate of over 2000 gorillas Train local field technicians and remaining as of 2013, and reports of 15 other primate species occurring in the park, international graduate students in with limited active protection and currently no research presence, is why we have research methods chosen to focus our conservation efforts in Parque Nacional de Monte Alén. -
2006 Reciprocal List
RECIPRICAL ZOOS. Each zoo sets their own guidelines for the quantity and ages admitted per card. Zoos can revoke privileges at any time without notice. RECIP 2006 STATE ZOO 50% CANADA Riverview Park & Zoo 50% CANADA Toronto Zoo 50% CANADA Valley Zoo 50% Alabama Birmingham Zoo NO Alabama Montgomery Zoo NO Arizona Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum NO Arizona Navajo Nation Zoo & Botanical Park 50% Arizona Phoenix Zoo 50% Arizona Reid Park Zoo NO Arizona Wildlife World Zoo 50% Arkansas Little Rock Zoo NO BE Bermuda Aquarium, Museum & Zoo NO BR Vancouver Aquarium NO California Academy Of Sciences 50% California Applegate Park Zoo 50% California Aquarium Of The Bay NO California Aquarium Of The Pacific NO California Birch Aquarium At Scripps 50% California Cabrillo Marine Aquarium 50% California Chaffee Zoo 50% California Charles Paddock Zoo 50% California Coyote Point Museum 50% California Happy Hollow Park & Zoo NO California Living Desert 50% California Los Angeles Zoo 50% California Micke Grove Zoo NO California Monterey Bay Aquarium 50% California Moonridge Zoo 50% California Oakland Zoo 50% California Orange County Zoo 50% California Sacramento Zoo NO California Safari West NO California San Diego Wild Animal Park NO California San Diego Zoo 50% California San Francisco Zoo 50% California Santa Ana Zoo 50% California Santa Barbara Zoo NO California Seaworld San Diego 50% California Sequoia Park Zoo NO California Six Flags Marine World NO California Steinhart Aquarium NO CANADA Calgary Zoo 50% Colorado Butterfly Pavilion NO Colorado Cheyenne -
2006 Annual Report
2006 Annual Report Transforming passionate commitment to wildlife into effective conservation CONTENTS From the Executive Director 2 From the Chairman 3 About CBSG 4 2006 PHVA and CAMP Workshops / Sponsors 6 2006 Conservation Planning and Training Workshops / Sponsors 9 Success Stories: Saving Japan’s Tsushima Leopard Cat 10 Borderless Conservation for Bearded Vultures 11 Beach Mice: Living in the Eye of the Hurricane 12 Preserving Cuban Parrots 13 Returning Mexican Wolves to the Sierra Madre 14 Effecting Positive Change for Zoos and Animals 15 Special Report: Launching the Amphibian Ark 16 Core Team: CBSG Staff & Strategic Associates 18 CBSG Regional Networks 19 CBSG Conservation Council 20 CBSG Steering Committee 21 Financial Information 23 2006 Sponsors of CBSG Participation in Conservation Workshops and Meetings 24 2006 Ulysses S. Seal Award 24 OUR MISSION CBSG’s mission is to save threatened species by increasing the effectiveness of conservation efforts worldwide. Through: • innovative and interdisciplinary methodologies, • culturally sensitive and respectful facilitation, and • empowering global partnerships and collaborations, CBSG transforms passionate commitment to wildlife into effective conservation. CONSERVATION BREEDING SPECIALIST GROUP MEASURES OF SUCCESS In recent years, evaluation has been a prevalent issue in conservation conferences and the focus of discussion within the international zoo community. It has been a topic at CBSG Annual Meetings and is a key criterion in the development of recommendations in CBSG workshops. So naturally, when reflecting on the past year, I began thinking in terms of evaluation. There are some standard parameters we can use to evaluate CBSG as an organization, including top-line parameters such as organizational longevity, staff retention, and financial status. -
The Role of the US Captive Tiger Population in the Trade in Tiger Parts
PAPER TIGERS? The Role of the U.S. Captive Tiger Population in the Trade in Tiger Parts Douglas F. Williamson & Leigh A. Henry A TRAFFIC NORTH AMERICA REPORT This report was published with the kind support of PAPER TIGERS? The Role of the U.S. Captive Tiger Population in the Trade in Tiger Parts Douglas F. Williamson and Leigh A. Henry July 2008 TRAFFIC North America World Wildlife Fund 1250 24th Street NW Washington, DC 20037 USA Visit www.traffic.org for an electronic edition of this report, and for more information about TRAFFIC North America. © 2008 WWF. All rights reserved by World Wildlife Fund, Inc. All material appearing in this publication is copyrighted and may be reproduced with permission. Any reproduction, in full or in part, of this publication must credit TRAFFIC North America. The views expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect those of the TRAFFIC Network, World Wildlife Fund (WWF), or IUCN-International Union for Conservation of Nature. The designation of geographic entities in this publication and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of TRAFFIC or its supporting organizations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The TRAFFIC symbol copyright and Registered Trademark ownership are held by WWF. TRAFFIC is a joint program of WWF and IUCN. Suggested citation: Williamson, D.F. and L.A. Henry. 2008. Paper Tigers?: The Role of the U.S. Captive Tiger Population in the Trade in Tiger Parts . -
North American Zoos with Mustelid Exhibits
North American Zoos with Mustelid Exhibits List created by © birdsandbats on www.zoochat.com. Last Updated: 19/08/2019 African Clawless Otter (2 holders) Metro Richmond Zoo San Diego Zoo American Badger (34 holders) Alameda Park Zoo Amarillo Zoo America's Teaching Zoo Bear Den Zoo Big Bear Alpine Zoo Boulder Ridge Wild Animal Park British Columbia Wildlife Park California Living Museum DeYoung Family Zoo GarLyn Zoo Great Vancouver Zoo Henry Vilas Zoo High Desert Museum Hutchinson Zoo 1 Los Angeles Zoo & Botanical Gardens Northeastern Wisconsin Zoo & Adventure Park MacKensie Center Maryland Zoo in Baltimore Milwaukee County Zoo Niabi Zoo Northwest Trek Wildlife Park Pocatello Zoo Safari Niagara Saskatoon Forestry Farm and Zoo Shalom Wildlife Zoo Space Farms Zoo & Museum Special Memories Zoo The Living Desert Zoo & Gardens Timbavati Wildlife Park Turtle Bay Exploration Park Wildlife World Zoo & Aquarium Zollman Zoo American Marten (3 holders) Ecomuseum Zoo Salomonier Nature Park (atrata) ZooAmerica (2.1) 2 American Mink (10 holders) Bay Beach Wildlife Sanctuary Bear Den Zoo Georgia Sea Turtle Center Parc Safari San Antonio Zoo Sanders County Wildlife Conservation Center Shalom Wildlife Zoo Wild Wonders Wildlife Park Zoo in Forest Park and Education Center Zoo Montana Asian Small-clawed Otter (38 holders) Audubon Zoo Bright's Zoo Bronx Zoo Brookfield Zoo Cleveland Metroparks Zoo Columbus Zoo and Aquarium Dallas Zoo Denver Zoo Disney's Animal Kingdom Greensboro Science Center Jacksonville Zoo and Gardens 3 Kansas City Zoo Houston Zoo Indianapolis