North Sea Regatta 26Th May – 4Th June 2017 Scheveningen / the Hague

North Sea Regatta 26th May – 4th June 2017 Scheveningen / The Hague

Organising Authority (OA): Stichting North Sea Regatta in conjunction with Jachtclub Scheveningen, under the auspices of the Royal Netherlands Watersport Association (RNWA) and in conjunction with The Royal Ocean Racing Club England, who organizes the RORC North Sea Race, included in the North Sea Regatta and the Royal Harwich Yacht Club, England

SAILING INSTRUCTIONS INSHORE RACES

[DP] denotes a rule for which the penalty is at the discretion of the International Jury. [NP] denotes that a breach of this rule will not be grounds for a protest by a boat. [SP] denotes a rule for which the race committee may apply a standard penalty without a hearing.

1 RULES 1.1 The regatta will be governed by the rules as defined in The Racing Rules of Sailing. 1.2 The RNWA rules for Championship Sailing, Surfing and Kiteboarding (RCS) will apply for Classes sailing a National Championship. 1.3 ORC System Rules 401.4 and 402.9 will not apply 1.4 IRC 2017 Rules Part D will not apply 1.5 Under RRS 87 the following IRC Rules have been changed:  Rule 22.4.2 is deleted and replaced by: “The maximum number of crew that may sail aboard a boat shall be the Crew Number printed on her certificate. There is no weight limit”.  Rule 21.1.5(e): A spare mainsail may be used as a racing replacement when the race committee notifies so on the official notice board  Rule 21.1.5(d). It is not compulsory to carry the spare main sail on board on other days of the regatta. 1.6 For TwoHanded class, automatic or wind vane steering is permitted. This Changes RRS 52 1.7 [DP] The following will apply:  For ORC, IRC, J111, ORC TwoHanded: World Sailing Offshore Special Regulations 2016 - 2017 (OSR) category 4. A trysail and heavy weather jib are not required to be on board. This changes OSR Category 4.  For J/22, SB20 and ORC Sportboats: World Sailing Offshore Special Regulations 2016-2017, Appendix B In addition: Each crewmember is required to wear personal flotation device when afloat. Recommended and permitted to carry VHF (channels 6, 16, 21 and 10) and GPS.  For Open Dinghy and Small Keelboat classes: World Sailing Offshore Special Regulations 2016- 2017, Appendix C In Addition: Required to carry a heaving line no less than 6 mm diameter, minimal 15 m long, readily accessible. Each crewmember is required to wear wet or dry suit and personal flotation device when afloat and shall carry one flare on his body. Recommended and permitted to carry VHF (channels 6, 16, 21 and 10) and GPS. 1.8 [NP] [DP] Classes J/22, SB20, ORC Sportboats, Open Dinghy and Small Keelboat shall sign out and in each day. Boats failing to comply with this rule will be penalized without a hearing. The penalty will be 20% for all races of the day, calculated in accordance with RRS 44.3(c), scoring penalty. The scoring abbreviation will be STP (sign in penalty). This changes RRS 63.1, Appendix A5 and A11. 1.9 Under RRS 87, rule(s) of the J/22 class are changed as follows: Chartered or loaned boats may carry national letters or a sail number or both in contravention of the International J/22 Class Rules, however, the sail number must not be a duplicate of any other boat in the event. 1.10 [DP] Every person on board who has his domicile in the Netherlands shall have the appropriate license. 1.11 Arbitration will be used for infringements of RRS part 2 or RRS 31. RRS Appendix T (ARBITRATION) applies. 1.12 If there is a conflict between languages the text in the original language shall prevail.

2 [NP] [DP] CAMERAS AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT Boats may be required to carry cameras, sound equipment or positioning equipment supplied by the organizing authority.

3 NOTICES TO COMPETITORS Notices to competitors will be published on www.nsr.nl until the first opening of the Regatta Office. After that the notices will be posted on the official notice board located in or near the Regatta Office (Hellingweg 136, Scheveningen). It is the intention to maintain a shadow notice board on www.nsr.nl .

4 CHANGES TO SAILING INSTRUCTIONS Any change to the sailing instructions, including reassignment of classes to racing areas, will be posted before 08:00 on the day it will take effect, except that any change to the schedule of races will be posted by 20:00 on the day before it will take effect.

5 SIGNALS MADE ASHORE 5.1 Signals made ashore will be displayed at the flagpole near the harbour office / ‘passantenbox’. When a signal is displayed over a fleet flag it applies to that fleet only. 5.2 Flag D with one sound means ‘the warning signal will be made not less than 75 minutes after flag D

is displayed. Boats are requested not to leave the harbour until this signal is made.

6 FORMAT OF RACING The format of racing consists of a single series.

7 SCHEDULE OF RACES 7.1 Dates and number of races: Class May 30th May 31st June 1st June 2nd June 3rd June 4th J/22 Practice 3 races 4 races 4 races 3 races Race ORC / IRC RORC North 3 races 3 races 3 races Sea Race J111 3 races 3 races 3 races ORC RORC North 2 races 2 races 2 races TwoHanded Sea Race SB20 4 races 4 races 3 races ORC 4 races 4 races 3 races Sportboats Open Dinghy 4 races 4 races 3 races / Small Keelboats Competition 1 race 1 race 1 race Cruising One extra race per day may be sailed, provided that no class becomes more than one race ahead of schedule and the change is made according to instruction 5.

7.2 The scheduled time of the warning signal for the first race each day is as follows: th st st nd rd Course Area May 30 May 31 June 1 June 2 June 3 June 4th RORC North See RORC Sea Race North Sea Race SI’s North Course 10:25 09:55 09:55

South Course 13.25 10:25 10:25 09:55 09:55 Subsequent starts for each day will be started as soon as possible. 7.3 To alert boats that a race or sequence of races will begin soon, the orange starting line flag will be displayed with one sound at least five minutes before a warning signal is made. 7.4 On the last day of the regatta no warning signal will be made after 15:00.

8 CLASS AND COURSE FLAGS , STARTING SEQUENCE AND RACING AREAS 8.1 Initial Flag Flag Description start Description Sequence North Course White flag South White flag with with red Course red letter B letter A 1 ORC TwoHanded R SB 20 R

2 ORC / IRC 1 O ORC O Sportboats 3 J 111 K Flying Q Dutchman / Javelin 4 ORC / IRC 2 E J/22 J

5 ORC 3 / 4 G Finn F

Contender / W Olympia Jol /

Efsix 8.2 The RC may change the starting sequence in order to shorten waiting times. The second substitute will be shown on the starting vessel to indicate a change in the starting sequence. 8.3 Each boat on the North Course shall fly her class flag from her backstay. 8.4 The racing area is defined as the surface of a circle over- lapping by 250 meters the circle covering the marks and the starting and finishing line. 8.5 Classes may be combined in starting groups. The group schedule will be posted on the official notice board after the entry time has expired, at the latest on 22:00 on the evening preceding the start of the first race of the Inshores. 8.6 The RC may change the combination of classes per start group after the first day. Such changes will be announced in accordance with SI 3 and 4. 8.7 Attachment A shows the approximate location of the Racing Areas

9 THE COURSES 9.1 The diagrams in Attachment B show the courses, including where appropriate, the approximate angles between legs, the order in which marks are to be passed, and the side on which each mark is to be left. 9.2 Course designations and course signals are shown in Attachment B 9.3 No later than the warning signal and until the starting signal, the race committee signal boat will display the course information:

 The triple number indication (for ORC scoring purposes only)  The course type

 The number of laps  The approximate distance between the starting vessel and Mark 1  The approximate compass bearing from the starting vessel to Mark 1 10 MARKS 10.1 The numbers and letters that may be visible on the marks have no meaning whatsoever 10.2 Mark 1, Mark 1a, Mark 3 (or gate marks), Mark 4 and Mark 5 (or gate marks) are yellow cylindrical shapes. Mark 2 and Mark 2a are orange cylindrical shapes. Mark X, Y and Z (course type 4) are green cylindrical shapes. 10.3 New marks, as provided in instruction 15.1, will be Course type 1: black cylindrical shape Course type 2: white cylindrical shape Course type 3 and 4: green cylindrical shape 10.4 The starting marks are a race committee signal boat and an orange cylindrical shape. The finishing marks are a race committee finish boat and an orange cylindrical shape. 10.5 A race committee boat signaling a change of a leg of the course is a mark as provided in instruction 15.2.

11 AREAS THAT ARE OBSTRUCTIONS Boats sailing Course type 5 shall not cross the starting or finishing line after their start and while racing, except with the purpose to start or to finish.

12 THE START 12.1 Races will be started by using RRS 26 with the warning signal made 5 minutes before the starting signal. 12.2 The starting line will be between a staff displaying an orange flag on the starting mark at the starboard end and the course side of an orange cylindrical shape at the port-end. 12.3 [NP] [DP] Boats whose warning signal has not been made shall avoid the starting area during the starting sequence for other races. 12.4 The starting area is defined as the area 100 meters both to leeward and to windward of the starting line and 50 meters to either side of the starting line. 12.5 [SP] A boat starting later than 4 minutes after her starting signal will be scored Did Not Start without a hearing. This changes RRS A4 and A5. 12.6 [NP] If any part of a boat’s hull, crew or equipment is on the course side of the starting line at any time during the two minutes before her starting signal and she is identified, the race committee will attempt to broadcast her sail number on VHF. Failure to make a broadcast or to time it accurately will not be grounds for a request for redress. This changes RRS 62.1(a). 12.7 The race committee signal boat can be recognised by the course flag. 12.8 Before the first warning signal of the first race of that day or their first race of the day, each boat shall pass the starboard end extension of the starting line, within 2 boat lengths of the race committee signal boat. Each boat shall have her sail number acknowledged by the race committee.

13 CHANGE OF THE NEXT LEG OF THE COURSE 13.1 To change the next leg of the course, the race committee will lay a new mark (without the accompanying spreader mark) and remove the original mark as soon as practicable. When in a subsequent change a new mark is replaced, it will be replaced by the original mark (without the accompanying spreader mark). The change will be signaled before the leading boat has begun the leg, although the new mark may not yet be in position. 13.2 Except at a gate, boats shall pass between the race committee boat signaling the change of the next leg and the nearby mark, leaving the mark to port and the race committee vessel to starboard. This

changes RRS 28.1.

14 THE FINISH The finishing line will be between a staff displaying a blue flag on the finishing mark at the port end and the course side of the starboard-end finishing mark. This instruction does not apply when RRS 32.2 does.

15 PENALTY SYSTEM For all classes RRS 44.1 is changed so that the Two-Turns Penalty is replaced by the One-Turn Penalty.

16 [NP] TIME LIMITS AND TARGET TIMES 16.1 Time limits and target times are as follows: North Course Target Time South Target Time Course ORC 02:00 SB 20 00:40 TwoHanded ORC / IRC 1 01:00 ORC 00:40 Sportboats J 111 01:00 J/22 00:40 ORC / IRC 2 01:00 Open 00:40 Dinghy / Small Keelboats ORC 3 / 4 01:00

16.2 Boats failing to finish within 150% of the first boat’s elapsed time will be scored Did Not Finish without a hearing. This changes RRS 35, A4 and A5.

17 PROTESTS AND REQUESTS FOR REDRESS 17.1 Protest forms are available at the Regatta Office. Protests and requests for redress or reopening shall be delivered there within the appropriate time limit. 17.2 (a) For each class, the protest time limit is 90 minutes after the last boat has finished the last race of the day, after SI 18.2 has been applied to that race, or the race committee signals no more racing today, whichever is later. (b) If RRS N1.4(b) applies, the time limit for requesting a hearing under that rule is 30 minutes after the party was informed of the panel’s decision. 17.3 Notices will be posted no later than 30 minutes after the protest time limit to inform competitors of hearings in which they are parties or named as witnesses. Hearings will be held in the protest room, located at race office. 17.4 Notices of protests by the race committee, technical committee or protest committee will be posted to inform boats under RRS 61.1(b). 17.5 Breaches of instructions marked with [DP] and/or [NP] will not be grounds for a protest by a boat. This changes RRS 60.1(a). Penalties for these breaches, may be less than disqualification if the jury so decides (This changes RRS 64.1), 17.6 Breaches of instructions marked [SP], mainly certain Safety Regulations, will not be grounds for a protest by a boat. This changes RRS 60.1(a). Penalties for those breaches will be as indicated in these SI, applied by the RC without a hearing. (This changes RRS 63.1, A4 and A5) 17.7 [NP][DP] RRS 64.1 shall be amended as follows: Add after the first sentence: “ When the international jury, after finding the facts, decides that a boat that is a party to a protest hearing has broken the measurement rules or equipment rules, that boat will either be disqualified, will be given a discretionary penalty or will be warned that each subsequent infringement will lead to a penalty.” This changes RRS 64.1. 17.8 On the last scheduled day of racing a request for redress for a protest committee decision shall be 5

delivered no later than 30 minutes after the decision was posted. This changes RRS 62.2. A request for a decision in writing has to be delivered within one hour after the decision is given verbally. This changes RRS 65.2. 17.9 Decisions of the international jury will be final as provided in RRS 70.5. 17.10 A request for correction of an alleged error in the published results has to be delivered within the protest time limit of the last scheduled day of racing or within 60 minutes after posting of the results, if this is later. When the request is not granted, the protest time limit is 60 minutes after the boat is informed that the request is not granted. This changes RRS 62.2.

18 SCORING 18.1 Four races are required to be completed to constitute a series. 18.2 (a) When fewer than five races have been completed, a boat’s series score will be the total of her race scores. (b) When five or more races have been completed, a boat’s series score will be the total of her race scores excluding her worst score. (c) When nine or more races have been completed, a boat’s series score will be the total of her race scores excluding her worst two scores. (d) The RORC North Sea race may not be excluded. 18.3 To request correction of an alleged error in posted race or series results, a boat may complete a scoring enquiry form available at the race office. 18.4 The finishing order of boats in handicap classes is the finishing order on corrected time.

 The corrected time for ORC and ORC Sportboat in the Inshores will be calculated according to the Time on Time Triple Number System. Any decision by the race committee in connection with the application of the Triple Number System will not be ground for redress. This changes RRS 62.1a. The ORC Windward/Leeward races will be scored using the inshore handicap, any coastal races using the offshore handicap.  The corrected time for the TwoHanded Class in all races will be calculated using the Time on Time Double Handed Offshore Single Number handicap or the Short Handed Offshore single number handicap whichever is applicable.  The corrected time for IRC classes will be elapsed time * IRC Time Correction Factor

18.5 Each boat entering the Inshores constitutes a valid entry for the Open Dutch Championships ORC and ORC TwoHanded and the overall NSR IRC 18.6 The feeder race to Harwich, the Vuurschepen Race, is not included in the North Sea Regatta scores, with the exception of the Hans Horrevoets trophy and the Super Cup. 18.7 The scores of the RORC North Sea Race will be recalculated as follows:  Only boats competing in the Inshores will be scored.  Boats will be reassigned to classes in accordance with the North Sea Regatta  Points will be multiplied by the point factor 2.0.  For the application of Appendix A8.1, the RORC North Sea Race will count as two races 18.8 For scoring of the RORC North Sea Race, see sailing instructions RORC North Sea Race.

19 [NP] [DP] SAFETY REGULATIONS 19.1 Classes J/22, SB20, ORC Sportboats, Flying Dutchman, Javelin, O-Jol, Contender and Finn (Open Dinghy and Small Keelboat) shall sign out and in each day. Boats failing to comply with this rule will be penalized without a hearing. The penalty will be for all races of the day, calculated in accordance with RRS 44.3(c). The scoring abbreviation will be STP (sign in penalty). This changes RRS 63.1, Appendix A5 and A11. Sign in / Sign out lists will be located at the race office. 19.2 A boat that retires from a race shall notify the race committee as soon as possible. 19.3 Boats are strongly recommended to have a (handheld) marine VHF transceiver and GPS. Class rules that do not allow the use of VHF radios or GPS are changed to allow these.

19.4 When leaving, approaching and entering the harbour of Scheveningen boats shall follow the instructions of RC vessels without hesitation. RC vessels have VHF contact with Scheveningen VTS who monitor shipping and safety in the harbour area. Boats that have a marine VHF transceiver shall listen to Channel 21 while leaving and entering Scheveningen harbour. 19.5 In case of personal injuries needing medical attention or hospital attendance and in case of man overboard during the inshore races immediately call VHF 72 (North Course) or VHF 8 (South Course). The necessary assistance will then be alerted.

20 REPLACEMENT OF CREW OR EQUIPMENT 20.1 Substitution of competitors will not be allowed without prior written approval of the race committee. 20.2 For J/22 only: Substitution of damaged or lost equipment will not be allowed unless authorized by the race committee. Requests for substitution shall be made to the committee at the first reasonable opportunity and may be given retrospectively.

21 EQUIPMENT AND MEASUREMENT CHECKS A boat or equipment may be inspected at any time for compliance with the class rules and sailing instructions. On the water, a boat can be instructed by a race committee equipment inspector or measurer to proceed immediately to a designated area for inspection.

22 [NP] [DP] EVENT ADVERTISING Boats shall display advertising supplied by the organizing authority in the manner as instructed.

23 OFFICIAL BOATS Official boats will be marked as follows:  Other committee boats than the race committee signal boat will fly a white or orange flag marked “RC”.  Rescue boats fly an orange flag.  Jury boats fly a flag with the word “Jury” or signal flag “J”  The measurer boat will fly a yellow flag.

24 [NP] [DP] SUPPORT PERSONS Support persons shall stay outside areas where boats are racing from the time of the preparatory signal for the first class to start until all boats have finished or retired or the race committee signals a postponement, general recall or abandonment.

25 [NP] [DP] TRASH DISPOSAL Trash may be placed aboard support or official boats.

26 [NP] [DP] BERTHING Boats shall be kept in their assigned places in the boat park or harbour.

27 [NP] [DP] HAUL-OUT RESTRICTIONS 27.1 Keel boats shall not be hauled out during regatta except with and according to the terms of prior written permission of the Race Committee. Boats wishing to be hauled out between the offshore and the inshores will be granted permission upon request. 27.2 J/22 boats shall be afloat by 1800 on May 31st. Rudders shall remain affixed during the time afloat.

28 [ NP] [DP] DIVING EQUIPMENT AND PLASTIC POOLS Underwater breathing apparatus and plastic pools or their equivalent shall not be used around keelboats between the preparatory signal of the first race of the inshores and the end of the regatta.

29 [NP] [DP] RADIO COMMUNICATION 29.1 The race committee signal boat will use VHF channel 72 for the North Course and VHF Channel 8 for

the South Course as a means of supplying information. The content of information, other than meant in Attachment B, Course type 5, given over the VHF channel is service to the competitors and will be no ground for redress. This changes RRS 62. 29.2 Except in an emergency, a boat shall neither make radio transmissions while racing nor receive radio communications not available to all boats. This restriction also applies to mobile telephones.

30 PRIZES See Notice of Race. See Notice board for final prize giving location and time.

31 DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY Competitors participate in the regatta entirely at their own risk. See RRS 4, Decision to Race. The organizing authority will not accept any liability for material damage or personal injury or death sustained in conjunction with or prior to, during, or after the regatta.

32 INSURANCE Each participating boat shall be insured with valid third-party liability insurance with a minimum cover of EUR 1.500.000 per incident or the equivalent.

33 RIGHTS TO USE NAME AND LIKENESS By participating in this event, competitors automatically grant to the organizing authority and the event sponsors the right, in perpetuity, to make, use, and show, at their discretion, any photography, audio and video recordings, and other reproductions of them made at the venue or on the water from the time of their arrival at the venue, until their final departure, without compensation.

ATTACHEMENT A: LOCATION OF THE RACE AREAS

Course Area North

Course Area South

ATTACHEMENT B - COURSES

Course and Handicap information on the race committee signal boat

Triple Number Approximate Indication Approximate true bearing from Course Type Number of Laps distance to for ORC scoring signal boat to First Mark Mark 1 purposes

M 3 3 B 2 4 5

White / Black Black / Red Yellow / Black

This race is North Course L= Low course type 3 A = 0,9 NM M=Medium B = 1,0 NM H=High C = 1,1 NM D = 1,2 NM E >= 1,3 NM South Course A = 0,5 NM B = 0,6 NM C = 0,7 NM D = 0,8 NM E >= 0,9 NM

Mark 2 is positioned approximately 0.1 NM to windward of mark 1

COURSE TYPE 1 – Windward / Leeward short course Course diagram

Course Description  Windward and to port of mark 1 a spreader mark (1a) will be laid.  Marks shall be rounded to port, except where a gate is used instead of mark 3. Where a gate is used, boats shall sail between the two marks of the gate from the direction of the previous mark and round either of them.  The finish will be leeward and to port of mark 3.  When the position of mark 1 is changed in accordance with SI 12, mark 1a will no longer be a mark of the course during that race.  Marks 2 and 2a are not marks of the course and may not be laid when not used for any class.  An outerloop trapezoid course may be laid for other classes. Number of Laps 1 lap: 1 – 1a – 3 – Finish 2 Laps: 1 – 1a – 3 – 1 – 1a – 3 – Finish 3 laps: 1 – 1a – 3 – 1 – 1a – 3 – 1 – 1a – 3 - Finish

COURSE TYPE 2 – Windward / Leeward long course Course diagram

Course Description  Windward and to port of mark 2 a spreader mark (2a) will be laid.  Marks shall be rounded to port, except where a gate is used instead of mark 3. Where a gate is used, boats shall sail between the two marks of the gate from the direction of the previous mark and round either of them.  The finish will be leeward and to port of mark 3.  When the position of mark 2 is changed in accordance with SI 12, mark 2a will no longer be a mark of the course during that race.  Marks 1 and 1a are not marks of the course and may not be laid when not used for any class.  An outerloop trapezoid course may be laid for other classes. Number of Laps 1 lap: 2 – 2a – 3 – Finish 2 Laps: 2 – 2a – 3 – 2 – 2a – 3 – Finish 3 laps: 2 – 2a – 3 – 2 – 2a – 3 – 2 – 2a – 3 - Finish

COURSE TYPE 3 – Trapezoid course outer loop short course Course diagram

Course Description  Leeward and to port of mark 1 an outerloop upwind mark 4 will be laid. The interior angle from leg 1 (start to mark 1) to leg 3 (mark 1a to mark 4) will be approximately 80 - 90 degrees.  Marks shall be rounded to port, except where a gate is used instead of mark 5. Where a gate is used, boats shall sail between the two marks of the gate from the direction of the previous mark and round either of them.  The finish will be leeward and to port of mark 5.  Marks 2, 2a and 3 are not marks of the course and may not be laid when not used for any class. Number of Laps 1 lap: 1 – 1a – 4 – 5 – Finish 2 Laps: 1 – 1a – 4 – 5 – 4 – 5 – Finish 3 laps: 1 – 1a – 4 – 5 – 4 – 5 – 4 – 5 – Finish

COURSE TYPE 4 – Trapezoid course outer loop long course Course diagram

Course Description  Leeward and to port of mark 2 an outerloop upwind mark 4 will be laid. The interior angle from leg 1 (start to mark 2) to leg 3 (mark 2a to mark 4) will be approximately 70 - 80 degrees.  Marks shall be rounded to port, except where a gate is used instead of mark 5. Where a gate is used, boats shall sail between the two marks of the gate from the direction of the previous mark and round either of them.  The finish will be leeward and to port of mark 5.  Marks 1, 1a and 3 are not marks of the course and may not be laid not used for any class. Number of Laps 1 lap: 2 – 2a – 4 – 5 – Finish 2 Laps: 2 – 2a – 4 – 5 – 4 – 5 – Finish 3 laps: 2 – 2a – 4 – 5 – 4 – 5 – 4 – 5 – Finish

COURSE TYPE 5 – Coastal course Course diagram Not applicable Course Description  Starting and finishing line will be the same as for Course Type 1  Boats shall not cross the starting or finishing line after their start and while racing, other than with the purpose to start or to finish (obstruction for the purposes of RRS 19)  A change of the position of Mark 1 in accordance with SI 12.1 will be announced on VHF channel 72. Signals may not be shown. This changes RRS 33. For course type 5 the course description will be announced on VHF channel 72 at 20 and 10 minutes before the warning signal is displayed and will finally be repeated after the display of the warning signal.  The positions of the marks that can be used are as follows: Hydrographical buoys: Drain E 52.06’71 N 004.14’44 E Drain W 52.06’93 N 004.13’99 E Houtrust 52.10’07 N 004.09’87 E Scheveningen Fairway 52.07’75 N 004.14’12 E NAM 22 52.12’85 N 004.18’30 E ZM-D 52.04’10 N 004.11’62 E ZM-C 52.03’85 N 004.10’63 E Indusbank N 52.02’90 N 004.03’59 E Positions of the hydrographical marks are indicative only. Please refer to the appropriate chart for current positions. Inflatable marks: Mark 1, 1a and 3 as indicated under Course Type 1 Mark X, Mark Y and Mark Z positions will be announced on VHF Channel 72