Tourist Perception Towards Jharkhand; a District-Wise Study

International Journal of Sales & Marketing Management Research and Development (IJSMMRD) ISSN(P): 2249-6939; ISSN(E): 2249-8044 Vol. 5, Issue 3, Jun 2015, 9-24 © TJPRC Pvt. Ltd.

TOURIST PERCEPTION TOWARDS JHARKHAND; A DISTRICT-WISE STUDY

PRANJAL KUMAR 1 & ASHUTOSH MISHRA 2 1Associate Lecturer, Department of HMCT, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India 2Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Birla Institute of Technology, Lalpur Campus, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

ABSTRACT

Jharkhand an eastern state of India carved out from Bihar made its separate identity as 28 th state of the country in the year 2000. The state has 24 districts with primary impression of mineral rich state which accounts for 40% of the mineral resources of India. Tourism perception of the state is undermined because of the image of huge mineral supporting state to the country. The state has inherent natural beauty and entails all form of tourism dispersed categorically across the 24 districts. The perception of the tourist visiting among different districts of Jharkhand is of utmost importance for the overall tourism identity of the state. The paper a ttempts to study the perception of types of Tourism available in Jharkhand amongst the important districts empirically considering distinctive characteristics for tourist activity required to choose type of tourism in any particular destination.

KEYWORDS: Jharkhand Tourism, Types of Tourism, Districts of Jharkhand

INTRODUCTION

Jharkhand as a gateway of tourism is spread across its 24 states which can be considered adding towards tourism because of rich natural beauty, forest, wildlife, mountain, waterfalls, dams, rivers, temples, etc. The industrial city of Ranchi is its capital and Dumka is sub capital, Jamshedpur is the largest and the biggest industrial city of the state, while Dhanbad the coal capital of India is the second most populous city. The name "Jharkhand" means "The Land of Forests". Every state has its importance due to its history and rareness. Jharkhand has several tourist locations, besides its vast potential of rural, Eco, Cultural, Adventure and Health tourism. The state also has tremendous scope for adventure tourism because of its forests and hills. One can go for trekking, para-gliding or para-sailing. Then, there can be circuits for religion tourism, linking Dumka, Deoghar, Parasnath and so on.

Table 1: Jharkhand Profile Jharkhand : A Snapshot Area 74,677 Sq. Km Population (2001 census) 26,909,428 Population Density 360 people per Sq. Km. Literacy Rate 59.6% Principal Languages Hindi & Santali Source: Market Pulse, Tourism Survey of Jharkhand

The important districts which contribute majorly to Jharkhand tourism is tabulated according to their attractions.

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Table 2: Tourist Attractions in Jharkhand S. No. Name of the District Attractions Tagore Hill, Hunduru Fall, Dasham Fall, Jonha Fall, Hirni Fall, Jaggannath Temple, Ranchi Hill, Sun Temple, Rock Garden,Ranchi Lake, 1 RANCHI BirsaJaivikUdyan, Fun Castle, Sidhho-Kanho Park, Nakshatra Van, MachhaliGhar, AmreshwarDham, PanchaGagh Fall Etc. Jubilee Park, Dimna Lake, Dimna Wild Life, Sir Dorabji Tata Park, Hudko Lake, Keenan Stadium, 2 JAMSHEDPUR Tata Football Acadamy, Jrd Tata Sports Complex, Gliding And Flying Clubs, Tata Steel Adventure Foundation, Tribal Culture Centre etc Baba Baidhnath Temple, Tapovan, Noulakha Temple, NandanPahar, Satsang Nagar, NavDurga 3 DEOGHAR Temple, Ram Krishna Ashram, Pagal Baba Temple, HijlaJoria, Mandar4Hills, TrikutiPahar, Dev S5angh etc. Bokaro Steel City & Plant, City Park, Garga Dam 4 BOKARO etc. CharakPathar, ChatiGobindpur, Golapur, 5 DHANBAD Jhinjhipahari, Meva, Panrra, Chark- Khurd, Topchanchi, Maithon, Panchet, Jamadoba. Etc Hazaribagh Wildlife Sanctury, Rajrappa Temple, Hazaribagh Lake, Canary Hills, Parasnath 6 HAZARIBAGH Temple, Telaiya Dam, Surajkund, HariharDham, Urwan Tourist Complex Etc Palamu Wildlife Santuary, Palamu Fort Of Sri PALAMU MendinRpy, Betla National Park, Upper Ghaghri 7 Water Falls, Lower Ghaghri Water Falls, Lodh Falls, Old Quila And New Quila Fort Source: Tabulated from the information available in website www.jharkhanddarshan.com

TOURISM TRENDS AT JHARKHAND

The state has not been able to fully capitalize the potential tourism opportunity and types of tourism it can offer due to negative image of Naxal menace and very bleak security and safety of the tourist. The menacing presence of Maoists in Jharkhand is surely a huge reason which has kept the state out of bounds for foreign tourists 1. Jharkhand percentage share in domestic and foreign tourist makes it even more conspicuous. According to Indian Tourism Statistics released by Ministry of tourism Jharkhand's share in foreign tourist was "negligible". This is not all. Only 0.9 per cent of the total domestic tourists have cared to visit Jharkhand. In terms of domestic and foreign tourists, the state is respectively ranked 17th and 28 th Incidentally 22 out of the 24 Jharkhand districts - which are home to some breath-taking tourist destinations - are infested by extremism. Jharkhand can rightly boast of featuring on its map some of the most scenic spots in the country. But they are not exactly attracting tourists, even those from the neighbouring states, who were once frequent in their visits.

Jharkhand provides almost all important types of tourism ranging from

• Tribal Tourism

• Mining Tourism

1http://indiatoday.india.indiatoday.in/articlePrint.jsp?aid=56806

Impact Factor (JCC): 5.7836 NAAS Rating: 3.13 Tourist Perception Towards Jharkhand; A District-Wise Study 11

• Wild life Tourism

• Nature and Eco tourism

• Heritage Tourism

• Medical Tourism

• Cruise and Adventure Tourism

• Religious Tourism

• Spiritual Tourism

However amongst the above mentioned tourism the popular tourism of the state are Tribal tourism due to its rich tribal population and their influence over the state. Mining tourism at Dhanbadconsidered to the coal mining capital of the country. Wild life tourism at Hazaribagh due to rich wildlife and dense forest and valley. Nature and Eco tourism at Ranchi the capital of the state almost equivalent to hill station due to its scenic beauty, waterfalls, dams and climate. Religious tourism is very popular due to two very famous abodes of Goddess Durga in the state that attract devotees from all over India. Maithan near Dhanbad and Rajrappa near Ramgarh are two very important pilgrimagesand many more important temples of national and world fame. Rest of the tourism exist but compared to other tourist destination they are almost negligible due to poor facility and support from the local government of a particular district.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The paper attempts to investigate the perception of the tourist of six districts under the study i.e. 1. Deoghar, 2. Ranchi, 3. Jamshedpur, 4. Hazaribagh, 5. Dhanbad, 6. Palamu. The districts selection was taken considering the importance and identity of the districts associated with the types of tourism. The attributes considered to represent an individual for the delight of tourism were done on conceptual basis. The perceptions of 50 responses in each state were taken to find out the significantrelationship of six districts with distinctive tourist activity required to choose the type of tourism in Jharkhand state. The responses were collected through tourists staying in important hotels, dharmshalas, rest houses and guest houses. Further the tour operators were also involved in assisting the collection of responses through their past experiences. At Deoghar the location identified for the responses was near GhantaGharChowk an important place neat Baba Dham. The responses from Ranchi districts were collected through tourists staying in star rated as well as budgeted hotels. Responses from Jamshedpur were collected through tourists visiting at Jublie Park and with the help of the employees of JUSCO involved in keep up of important tourist attraction. The responses from Hazaribagh, Dhanbad and Palamu were collected through travel agents and tourists at important attraction of these districts. The Factor loading were analysed to considering the significance of each variable postreliability. One-Way ANOVA and Chi-Square test were applied to find the extent of significance and test of independence between the variables and its influence over the six districts.

Table 3: Analysis and Interpretation of Data S. No. Description of the Variables Variable 1. Gender of the Tourists GENDER 2. Religion of the Tourists RELIGION 3. Social Class of the Tourists SOCIAL_CLASS 4. Age of the Tourists AGE 5. No. of family members of the Tourists FAMILY_MEMBERS www.tjprc.org [email protected] 12 Pranjal Kumar & Ashutosh Mishra

Table 3: Contd., 6. Occupation of the Tourists OCCUPATION 7. Annual Income of the Tourists ANNUAL_INCOME 8. Favourable season of the Tourists FAVOURABLE_SEASON Frequency of visit of the Tourists in the 9. VISIT_FREQUENCY districts under study Stay period of the Tourists in the districts 10. STAY_PERIOD under study Mode of travel opted by the Tourists to visit 11. MODE_OF_TRAVEL the districts under study Source of awareness as an important tourists 12. ACQUAINT attractions of the districts under study Lodging facilities availed by the tourists 13. LODGING under districts under study Types of tourism categorised amongst the 14. TOURISIM_CATEGORY districts under study

FACTOR ANALYSIS

Table 4: Communalities Initial Extraction GENDER 1.000 .831 RELIGION 1.000 .755 SOCIAL_CLASS 1.000 .835 AGE 1.000 .784 FAMILY_MEMBERS 1.000 .774 OCCUPATION 1.000 .684 ANNUAL_INCOME 1.000 .792 FAVOURABLE_SEASON 1.000 .629 VISIT_FREQUENCY 1.000 .701 STAY_PERIOD 1.000 .885 MODE_OF_TRAVEL 1.000 .766 ACQUAINT 1.000 .872 LODGING 1.000 .546 TOURISIM_CATEGORY 1.000 .859 DISTRICT 1.000 .624 Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.

Factor analysis with Varimax with Kaiser Normalization applied found almost each factor to be important considering the Eigen values

RELIABILITY

Table 5: Case Processing Summary N % Valid 300 75.0 Cases Excluded a 100 25.0 Total 400 100.0 a. Listwise deletion based on all variables in the procedure.

Impact Factor (JCC): 5.7836 NAAS Rating: 3.13 Tourist Perception Towards Jharkhand; A District-Wise Study 13

Table 6: Reliability Statistics

The reliability value is 0.916 which is more than 0.7 which is statistically good for further processing of the data.

The descriptive statistics of the responses of variables under the study is tabulated below:

Table 7: The Values of the Variables were Defined in SPSS Version 21 as Tabulated Below S. No. Variable Classification Assigned Value Male 1 1. GENDER Female 2 Hindu 1 Muslim 2 Christian 3 2. RELIGION Buddhist 4 Jains 5 Others 6 General 1 ST 2 3. SOCIAL_CLASS SC 3 BC 4 OBC 5 Less than 18 years 1 18 – 25 2 4. AGE 26 – 40 3 41 – 60 4 Above 60 years 5 2 1 3 – 4 2 5. FAMILY_MEMBERS 5 – 6 3 7 and above 4 Govt. Service 1 Employed in Private firms 2 Business 3 6. OCCUPATION Self – employed 4 Student 5 Others 6 up to Rs.100000 1 Rs. 10,0001 to 25,0000 2 7. ANNUAL_INCOME Rs. 25,0001 to 50,0000 3 Rs. 50,0001 to 1,00,0000 4 More than Rs.1000000 5 Winter 1 8. FAVOURABLE_SEASON Autumn 2 Summer 3

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Rainy season 4 First time 1 Second time 2 9. VISIT_FREQUENCY Third time 3 Four time 4 More than four time 5 1 – 2 days 1 3 – 4 days 2 10. STAY_PERIOD 5 – 7 days 3 More than 7 days 4 By Air 1 By Train 2 By private taxi 3 11. MODE_OF_TRAVEL By own vehicle 4 By luxury tourist buses 5 Others 6 News paper 1 Magazines 2 Television / Films 3 12. ACQUAINT Traveler’s agent 4 Holiday clubs 5 Friends and relatives 6 Budgeted Hotels 1 Star rated Hotels 2 Govt. guest house 3 13. LODGING Resorts of Jharkhand 4 tourism Private Resorts 5 Dharamshala 6 Tribal Tourism 1 Mining Tourism 2 Wild life Tourism 3 Nature and Eco tourism 4 Heritage Tourism 5 14. TOURISIM_CATEGORY Medical Tourism 6 Cruise and Adventure 7 Tourism Religious Tourism 8 Spiritual Tourism 9 Deoghar 1 Ranchi 2 Jamshedpur 3 15. DISTRICT Hazaribagh 4 Dhanbad 5 Palamu 6

Table 8: Item Statistics Mean Std. Deviation N GENDER 1.33 .471 300 RELIGION 2.09 1.777 300 SOCIAL_CLASS 2.67 1.362 300 AGE 3.04 1.159 300 FAMILY_MEMBERS 2.01 .914 300

Impact Factor (JCC): 5.7836 NAAS Rating: 3.13 Tourist Perception Towards Jharkhand; A District-Wise Study 15

Table 8: Contd., OCCUPATION 2.75 1.497 300 ANNUAL_INCOME 3.28 1.246 300 FAVOURABLE_SEASON 2.51 1.111 300 VISIT_FREQUENCY 2.47 1.355 300 STAY_PERIOD 2.07 1.560 300 MODE_OF_TRAVEL 3.06 1.532 300 ACQUAINT 2.97 1.739 300 LODGING 2.85 1.971 300 TOURISIM_CATEGORY 1.33 .862 300 DISTRICT 3.50 1.711 300

Table 9: Inter-Item Correlation Matrix

There is a negative correlation between districts and other parameters conceptually identified to analyse the impact of these parameters on types of tourism category and six districts under the study. This shows that the parameters are indifferent with the districts since each district under the study has got its demographic uniqueness for various types of tourism from the point of view of the respondents.

ONEWAY ANOVA

Table 10 ANOVA Sum of Mean Df F Sig. Squares Square Between Groups .430 5 .086 .384 .860 GENDER Within Groups 65.900 294 .224 Total 66.330 299 Between Groups 5.667 5 1.133 .355 .879 RELIGION Within Groups 938.080 294 3.191 Total 943.747 299 Between Groups 1.707 5 .341 .181 .969 SOCIAL_CLASS Within Groups 552.960 294 1.881 Total 554.667 299 Between Groups 3.960 5 .792 .586 .711 AGE Within Groups 397.560 294 1.352 Total 401.520 299 Between Groups 3.267 5 .653 .779 .566 FAMILY_MEMBERS Within Groups 246.680 294 .839 Total 249.947 299 www.tjprc.org [email protected] 16 Pranjal Kumar & Ashutosh Mishra

Table 10: Contd., Between Groups 2.270 5 .454 .200 .962 OCCUPATION Within Groups 667.980 294 2.272 Total 670.250 299 Between Groups 6.737 5 1.347 .866 .504 ANNUAL_INCOME Within Groups 457.300 294 1.555 Total 464.037 299 Between Groups 15.027 5 3.005 2.496 .031 FAVOURABLE_SEASON Within Groups 353.960 294 1.204 Total 368.987 299 Between Groups 57.230 5 11.446 6.847 .000 VISIT_FREQUENCY Within Groups 491.500 294 1.672 Total 548.730 299 Between Groups 343.470 5 68.694 52.586 .000 STAY_PERIOD Within Groups 384.060 294 1.306 Total 727.530 299 Between Groups 17.177 5 3.435 1.475 .198 MODE_OF_TRAVEL Within Groups 684.620 294 2.329 Total 701.797 299 Between Groups 7.267 5 1.453 .477 .794 ACQUAINT Within Groups 896.520 294 3.049 Total 903.787 299 Between Groups 200.187 5 40.037 12.244 .000 LODGING Within Groups 961.360 294 3.270 Total 1161.547 299 Between Groups 32.670 5 6.534 10.129 .000 TOURISIM_CATEGORY Within Groups 189.660 294 .645 Total 222.330 299

Interpretation of One-way Anova Table

• The table value of Gender = 0.860 which is more than 0.05. This shows that Gender does not have any significance impact over choice of districts of Jharkhand tourism under the study.

• The table value of Religion = 0.879 which is more than 0.05. This shows that Religion does not have any significance impact over choice of districts of Jharkhand tourism under the study.

• The table value of Social class = 0.969 which is more than 0.05. This shows that Social classdoes not have any significance impact over choice of districts of Jharkhand tourism under the study. Social class does not influence the tourism spirit of tourist visiting the districts of Jharkhand.

• The table value of Age = 0.711 which is more than 0.05. This shows that Age does not have any significance impact over choice of districts of Jharkhand tourism under the study. The age of the tourist does not have any influence of the choice of districts however the age may have association with the category of tourism in Jharkhand state.

• The table value of Family members = 0.566 which is more than 0.05. This shows that Family members do not have any significance impact over choice of districts of Jharkhand tourism under the study. The visitors are visiting the districts irrespective of the number of members in the family once they have selected any districts

Impact Factor (JCC): 5.7836 NAAS Rating: 3.13 Tourist Perception Towards Jharkhand; A District-Wise Study 17

under the study.

• The table value of Occupation = 0.962 which is more than 0.05. This shows that Occupationdoes not have any significance impact over choice of districts of Jharkhand tourism under the study.

• The table value of Annual income = 0.504 which is more than 0.05. This shows that Annual income does not have any significance impact over choice of districts of Jharkhand for tourism under the study. However the expenditure in tour of different districts may vary but the choice of districts does not have association with annual income of the tourists.

• The table value of Mode of travel = 0.198 which is more than 0.05. This shows that Mode of travel does not have any significance impact over choice of districts of Jharkhand tourism under the study. The connectivity of mode of travel is limited amongst the districts under the study therefore the choice of mode of travel is restricted.

• The table value of Acquaint (information about the districts)= 0.784which is more than 0.05. This shows that knowledge about the districts under the study through different sources does not have any significance impact over choice of districts of Jharkhand for tourism under the study. This further shows that the districts under the study have gained much popularity since the formation of the Jharkhand state in 2000.

• The table value of Favourable season = 0.031 which is less than 0.05. This shows that season have significance impact over choice of districts of Jharkhand for tourism under the study. The reason being the demographic uniqueness of the districts which may be suitable and meaningful for the visit in a particular season.

• The table value of Visit frequency = 0.000 which is less than 0.05. This shows that no. of visits to a particular districts under the study have significance impact over choice of districts of Jharkhand tourism under the study. The visitors may not prefer to visit the same districts again.

• The table value of Stay period = 0.000 which is less than 0.05. This shows that Stay period in a particular districts under the study have significance impact over choice of districts of Jharkhand tourism under the study. The districts may not be lucrative enough to extend the period of stay.

• The table value of Lodging = 0.000 which is less than 0.05. This shows that lodging facility in a particular districts under the study have significance impact over choice of districts of Jharkhand tourism under the study. This is due to limited number of lodging facility in the districts.

• The table value of Tourism category = 0.000 which is less than 0.05. This shows that tourism category in a particular districts under the study have significance impact over choice of districts of Jharkhand tourism under the study. Deoghar is known for religious tourism, Ranchi and Jamshedpur is preferred nature and Eco tourism. Dhanbad is more preferred for mining tourism. Hazaribagh is preferred for Wild life tourism and Palamu is preferred for Heritage tourism.

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CROSS TAB CHI-SQUARE TEST

Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided) Pearson Chi-Square 1.945 a 5 .857 Likelihood Ratio 1.930 5 .859 Linear-by-Linear Association .805 1 .370 DISTRICT GENDER N of Valid Cases 300 a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 16.50. Since the Pearson Chi -Square value is more than 0.05 at 5 df. This shows that Gender is independent of choice of districts of Jharkhand under the study .

Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided) Pearson Chi-Square 8.829 a 30 1.000

Likelihood Ratio 9.348 30 1.000 DISTRICT Linear-by-Linear Association .905 1 .341 RELIGION N of Valid Cases 300 a. 24 cells (57.1%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1.00. Since the Pearson Chi-Square value is more than 0.05 at 5 df. This shows that Religion is independent of choice of districts of Jharkhand under the study . Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided) Pearson Chi-Square 5.092 a 20 1.000 Likelihood Ratio 5.064 20 1.000 DISTRICT Linear-by-Linear Association .010 1 .921 SOCIAL_CLASS N of Valid Cases 300

a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 6.83. Since the Pearson Chi -Square value is more than 0.05 at 5 df. This shows that Social class is independent of choice of districts of Jharkhand under the study .

Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided) Pearson Chi-Square 10.874 a 20 .949

Likelihood Ratio 11.061 20 .945 DISTRICT Linear-by-Linear Association .069 1 .793 AGE N of Valid Cases 300 a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 5.00. Since the Pearson Chi-Square value is more than 0.05 at 5 df. This shows that Age is independent of choice of districts of Jharkhand under the study .

Impact Factor (JCC): 5.7836 NAAS Rating: 3.13 Tourist Perception Towards Jharkhand; A District-Wise Study 19

Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided) Pearson Chi-Square 4.552 a 15 .995

Likelihood Ratio 4.434 15 .996 DISTRICT Linear-by-Linear Association .854 1 .355 FAMILY_MEMBERS N of Valid Cases 300

a. 6 cells (25.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 3.83. Since the Pearson Chi-Square value is more than 0.05 at 5 df. This shows that Family members is independent of choice of districts of Jharkhand under the study . Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided) Pearson Chi-Square 4.583 a 25 1.000

Likelihood Ratio 4.646 25 1.000 DISTRICT Linear-by-Linear Association .010 1 .919 OCCUPATION N of Valid Cases 300 a. 6 cells (16.7%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 2.00. Since the Pearson Chi -Square value is more than 0.05 at 5 df. This shows that Occupation is independent of choice of districts of Jharkhand under the study .

Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided) Pearson Chi-Square 7.624 a 20 .994

Likelihood Ratio 7.565 20 .994 DISTRICT Linear-by-Linear Association .015 1 .903 ANNUAL_INCOME N of Valid C ases 300

a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 6.00. Since the Pearson Chi-Square value is more than 0.05 at 5 df. This shows that Annual income is independent of choice of districts of Jharkhand under the study. Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided) Pearson Chi-Square 40.388 a 15 .000 DISTRICT Likelihood Ratio 37.101 15 .001 FAVOURABLE_SE Linear-by-Linear Association 4.935 1 .026 ASON N of Valid Cases 300 a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected cou nt less than 5. The minimum expected count is 12.17. Since the Pearson Chi-Square value is less than 0.05 at 5 df. This shows that Favourable season is dependent on choice of districts of Jharkhand under the study .

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Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided) Pearson Chi-Square 56.015 a 20 .000 DISTRICT Likelihood Ratio 51.773 20 .000 VISIT_FREQUENC Linear-by-Linear Association 23.801 1 .000 Y N of Valid Cases 300 a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 5.67. Since the Pearson Chi-Square value is less than 0.05 at 5 df. This shows that Visit frequencyis dependent on choice of districts of Jharkhand under the study . Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided) Pearson Chi-Square 161.538 a 20 .000

Likelihood Ratio 205.209 20 .000 DISTRICT Linear-by-Linear Association 12.099 1 .001 STAY_PERIOD N of Valid Cases 300 a. 12 cells (40.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1.50. Since the Pearson Chi-Square value is less than 0.05 at 5 df. This shows that Visit Stay Period is dependent on choice of districts of Jharkhand under the study . Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided) Pearson Chi-Square 103.430 a 25 .000 DISTRICT Likelihood Ratio 85.940 25 .000 MODE_OF_TRAVE Linear-by-Linear Association 1.724 1 .189 L N of Valid Cases 300 a. 6 cells (16.7%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 2.83. Since the Pearson Chi-Square value is less than 0.05 at 5 df. This shows that Mode of travel is dependent on choice of districts of Jharkhand under the study . Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided) Pearson Chi-Square 7.160 a 25 1.000

Likelihood Ratio 7.217 25 1.000 DISTRICT Linear-by-Linear Association 1.062 1 .303 ACQUAINT N of Valid Cases 300 a. 6 cells (16.7%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 4.33. Since the Pearson Chi-Square value is more than 0.05 at 5 df. This shows that information about Jharkhand districts is independent of choice of districts of Jharkhand under the study .

Impact Factor (JCC): 5.7836 NAAS Rating: 3.13 Tourist Perception Towards Jharkhand; A District-Wise Study 21

Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided) Pearson Chi-Square 78.270 a 25 .000

Likelihood Ratio 92.712 25 .000 DISTRICT Linear-by-Linear Association 11.302 1 .001 LODGING N of Valid Cases 300 a. 12 cells (33.3%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 3.83. Since the Pearson Chi-Square value is less than 0.05 at 5 df. This shows that Lodging facility is dependent on choice of districts of Jharkhand under the study . Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided) Pearson Chi-Square 52.941 a 20 .000 DISTRICT Likelihood Ratio 70.366 20 .000 TOURISIM_CATEG Linear-by-Linear Association 3.766 1 .052 ORY N of Valid Cases 300 a. 24 cells (80.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .50. Since the Pearson Chi-Square value is less than 0.05 at 5 df. This shows that Tourism categortyis dependent on choice of districts of Jharkhand under the study .

BAR CHARTS OF THE RESPONSES OF DIFFERENT VARIABLES

Gender Religion

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Social_Class Age

Family_Members Occupation

Annual_Income Favourable_Season

Impact Factor (JCC): 5.7836 NAAS Rating: 3.13 Tourist Perception Towards Jharkhand; A District-Wise Study 23

Visit_Frequency Stay_Period

Mode_of_Travel Acquant

Lodging Tourism_Category

Figure 1

CONCLUSIONS

From the above study it is apparent that Jharkhand has developed a considerable image as a tourism destination. It www.tjprc.org [email protected] 24 Pranjal Kumar & Ashutosh Mishra offers all the popular types of tourism however few categories of tourism need more awareness and marketing. The study analyses that Jharkhand tourism is a portfolio of tourism delight by its composition of 24 districts having demographic uniqueness. The visit to the state is more preferred in winter season, festival seasons and season favourable for religious tourism. The frequency of visit and stay period of tourists is dependent upon the attraction of various tourists’ spot of the districts under the study. Therefore there is strong need of increasing the facilities, safety and security and other important infrastructure conducive for tourists in order to increase the visit frequency and stay period of both domestic as well as foreign tourists. The implementation of the draft proposed tourism policy in the year 2014 is on the cross road due to political turmoil and need serious efforts to promulgate Jharkhand tourism.

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Impact Factor (JCC): 5.7836 NAAS Rating: 3.13