Academy briefing n°11
NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND
The Role of United Nations Human Rights Mechanisms in Monitoring the Sustainable Development Goals that Seek to Realize Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
Christophe Golay January 2018
The academy a joint center of NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND
The Role of United Nations Human Rights Mechanisms s 3 g e m ent s ck nowled
in Monitoring the Sustainable A Development Goals that Seek to Realize Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
Acknowledgements This Academy Briefing was researched and written by Dr Christophe Golay, Research Fellow and Strategic Adviser on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ESCR) at the Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights.
With thanks to María José García Manzano, Dr Adriana Bessa, Dr Ivona Truscan and Dr Irene Biglino for research undertaken on related issues in the context of the proj- ect on ESCR at the Geneva Academy. Thanks also to Asako Hattori, Dr Joanna Bourke Martignoni and Felix Kirchmeier, who provided helpful comments on an earlier draft, to Munizha Ahmad-Cooke for her meticulous copy-editing, and to Eric and Béatrice Choury from Douceur Brute who gave us permission to use the cover photo.
The Geneva Academy would like to thank the International Solidarity Service of the Republic and State of Geneva for the support it has given to the Geneva Academy’s research on this issue.
Disclaimer This Briefing is the work of the author. The views expressed in it do not necessarily reflect those of the project’s supporters or of anyone who provided input to, or com- mented on, drafts. The designation of states or territories does not imply any judge- ment by the Geneva Academy or the Republic and State of Geneva regarding the legal status of such states or territories, their authorities and institutions, the delimitation of their boundaries or the status of any states or territories that border them. NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 4 2. a kEY 3. Re Findings 1. a 4. FROm a Human
c sUs
THE UNITED NA HUMAN RIGHTS INTRODUCTION HUMAN RIGHTS FINDINGS B. B. D. . . .
sDG 1–17: T
mIssed
The Efforts Made ed Rights-bas Explicit Leavingo N The AND RE TIONS
c AND THE MILLENIU AND THE SU ommend Conver gence t End ainble Opportunities –he T ’ DEFINITION OF A of Human C
OMMEND Ine One ow a Development tions Po b qualit Rights Perspe ard T Behind Rights Commitments in y UN Human AINBLE DEVELOPMENT GO s Between t A
s the -2015 Development TIONS y and DEVELOPMENT GO and Full HUMANED RIGHTS-BAS APPRO Discrimin a the Rights Me A Implement Realiza ctive chieving Gender MDGs and tion chanisms to tion A a ALS the tion gend ALS of ESCR (2000–2015) ? 2030 A
All of (2016–2030) a and Equalit
the ESCRin Se Contents gend Go MDGs Viewed ACH TO DE VELOPMENT cure als y:
a for All
A Countries? Human
28 22 34 10 27 14 21 15 17 9 6 6 7 . 5.
a
aNNEX: SU c
c v 6. TO
THE ROLE OF UNITED NA DEVELOPMENTGO
C ONCLUSION D. B. . .
cOLLabora T Framework of The The The AINBLE DEVELOPMENT GO
Monitoringole R Monitoring Role Monitoring Role ALS 1. cOUNTR 2. 2. 1. 1. 1. THA
TIONS tion The The F Thema The T SEEK ollow-Upnd a the the with Review Contribution Universal HUMAN RIGHTS e. d. c. b. a. ticReport s W TO REALIZESC E R 2030 A y Monitoring Me ork of of of of Visit dopt New Instruments and MakeThe NeedtoAdoptNewInstruments New Disaggregated toReachtheMost IndicatorsandData The NeedtoEnsure P Law Rights ObligationsinInternationalHuman with ESCR andStates’ The NeedtoImplementtheSDGsinaMannerC The C Lessons Learned From theMDGPeriod of UN Trea Spe the upport the Implementation oftheSDGs 80 theImplementation toSupport ommitments ulnerable andThoseWho Are Left Behind ALS gend St Periodic Review
the Review cial Human omplementarity ofESCR andtheSDGs omplementarity AND HUMAN RIGHTS a of tes P
ME a for High-Level Procedures t UN Human y B CHANISMS
arties’ Reports Rights Council in chanisms Es odies Sus the t ainble
articipation andtheUseof articipation 2030 A IN MONITORING Political Rights Me
t gend ablished Development
F chanisms a orum
THE SU in
the onsistent
T AINBLE 102 40 90 98 68 89 68 66 69 62 39 47 78 72 81 41 57 .
CONTENTS 5 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 6 grammes thattarget themostvulnerable andthosewhoareleftbehind. pro- and policies laws, of adoption the for equality pushing promoting and non-discrimination States, and Member UN in ESCR of realization the monitoring in expertise unique have They (HLPF). Development Sustainable on Forum ical Polit- High-Level the including Agenda, 2030 the by established mechanisms ing monitor- global and regional national, to as well as SDGs, the of implementation the in states to guidance provide can mechanisms rights human UN of work The to realizeESCR. Agenda, and by including in their own work the monitoring of the SDGs that seek 2030 the by established mechanisms monitoring with work their of result the ing shar- by gap the fill and action for call a as weakness this see rightsshould mechanisms human UN guidance. soft peer-reviewed and reviews national voluntary on based framework, accountability its in lies Agenda 2030 the of weakness The Development Agenda, May 2013. Joint Statement of theChairpersons of theUN HumanRightsTreaty BodiesonthePost-2015 1 human rightsforall’. all of realization effective and full the towards road continuous, and longer, the on step important ‘an as seen be should SDGs the of implementation the bodies, support for the realization of ESCR. As stated by the Chairpersons of the UN treaty increase can SDGs the and SDGs, the of implementation the in guidance and basis The SDGs and ESCR should be seen as mutually reinforcing. ESCR can offer a legal of themostvulnerable. are based on human rights, cover as many rights as possible and include the rights mechanisms to convince UN Member States to adopt a 2030 Agenda and SDGs that rights human UN by made efforts significant of result the are Agenda 2030 the in SDGs the and ESCR between links explicit These discrimination. without ESCR der international law, which include their obligations to respect, protect and fulfil un- states of obligations the with consistent is that manner a in implemented be also must Agenda 2030 The non-discrimination. and equality of principles rights human the to meaning concrete give can equality gender achieve to and behind economic, social and cultural rights (ESCR), and the commitments to leave no one of realization the to contribute to aim all. targets SDG 169 of and SDGs 17 rights the of Many human the realize to aim (SDGs) Goals Development Sustainable its and law, rights human international in grounded is 2015 September Nations in United (UN) the by adopted Development Sustainable for Agenda 2030 The Findings AND RE 1
C OMMEND KEY FINDINGS A TIONS
mentation oftheSDGs. imple- the in (PANTHERS) solidarity and law of rule the empowerment, dignity, human transparency, non-discrimination, accountability, participation, enhance thus can They rights. human with consistent is that manner a in SDGs the ment imple- to obligations legal having those intoas States Member SDGs UN and the rights-holders achieving at aimed programmes and benefi- policies laws, the the transform of can ciaries they efforts, these strengthening By ESCR. realize to seek that SDGs the of monitoring the work their in include to efforts significant havemademechanisms rights Agenda,human 2030 UN the of adoption the Since Re c • • • • ommend states tion of theSDGs. Using Periodic recommendations those made plementation tions produced for each state beingreviewed. thematic most tion sioner in between ommendations UN ger UN of social programmes. The to monitor theimplementation of theSDGs. mechanisms well its Member Member and HLPF should as work vulnerable the that to presenting for in extreme Review review. 2003 a UN Universal the should Human and tions can be States States in Member of work shared and make contribute their addressed
and should Ideally, the poverty more national Rights made should should 2015, of Human national SDGs. sure those States with national, systematically be the by by (OHCHR) when that to include reviews to follow the Inspiration who followed, Rights example recognizing UN the are states reviews the HLPF, it regional human had implementation available, a made the recommendations should Index, of human under been of and with the of include recommendations could the impressive rights legal the and the progress emphasis produce left one review rights-based
in Human implementation be global
Office entitlements UN particular behind mechanisms, compilation drawn of human or made progress an Rights should of mechanisms the these linked in annual the from approach SDGs. the those of in rights Council’s UN mechanisms and be UN of the to in with implementation what of compilation placed High reducing recommenda- the This addressed human targeting implementa- the mechanisms established a in meeting’s Brazil Universal focus Commis- compila- SDGs, the on rights have hun- rec im- the did on as to of -
KEY FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 7 KEY FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 8 • • • HLPF, moting policies gional UN left behind. itoring UN normative equality, SDGs’ implementation. ports Universal tematically initswork. UNMemberStates shouldmore systematically use the who parties’ systematically The independent mechanisms. more human human UN are systematically by and and of equality Human reports, and left non-discrimination sharing Periodic the country global basis rights rights programmes behind. include SDGs Rights and making with the mechanisms mechanisms mechanisms Review visit non-discrimination include in It result the binding Council would their recommendations reports. that monitoring to of the and monitor own also their should established target should legal should monitoring In attention work. provide work, addition, obligations, of the the continue contribute more and the This most SDGs. including by a that to SDGs pushing of means systematically the UN the would the vulnerable to link UN help in to 2030 treaty include most SDGs special their on the of the for give fill accountability monitoring Agenda, realization vulnerable the work bodies examination in the gaps and the procedures their include adoption SDGs of SDGs those and including should thematic national, ESCR, of and more the reinforce a who through ESCR of of should strong those mon- more laws, state pro- sys- the are re- re- to
as awholetowork together forthesepurposes. System’Nations ‘United the on calling Agenda 2030 the with effective, and based participatory,rights- are SDGs the to linked processes review and follow-up tion, implementa- that ensuring on placed been has emphasis strong Agenda, 2030 the in included been have that guarantees rights human substantive the with Along articulated intheInternationalCovenantonESCR(ICESCR). rate most of the elements of economic, social and cultural rights (ESCR) as they are incorpo- sanitation and water housing, education, health, security, food security, monitoring oftheSDGsthatseek torealizeESCR(5.B–5.D). established by the 2030 Agenda (5.A) and on the inclusion in their own work of the mechanisms review and follow-up with collaboration their Particularon placed is emphasis (5). ESCR realize to seek that SDGs the monitoring in mecha - play rights can human nisms UN that role the discusses and (4) ESCR and SDGs the to Agenda2030 relationthe in in made commitments the Itpresents (3). then period MDG the from learned lessons the and (2) development and rights human tween Council, special procedures and treaty bodies. It begins by presenting the links be- HumanRights the particular in mechanisms, rights human UN of role the focus- on ing by system, UN the by played be to role this support to aims briefing This Ibid, §§39, 46,52, 60, 74, 83. 5 Ibid,Preamble. 4 UNGeneral Assembly (UNGA)Res 70/1, 25September 2015, §§8,10. 3 Pillay, 6June2013. Letter sent to allUNMemberStates by theUNHighCommissioner for HumanRights,Navanethem 2 tion’. non-discrimina- and equality justice, law, of rule the dignity, human and humanrights for respect ‘universal of world a envisages and treaties’ rights human al 2015 is ‘grounded in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (and) internation- in States Member UN by adopted Development Sustainable for Agenda 2030 The Development Goals(SDGs)(2016–2030)withhumanrightslaw andprinciples. Sustainable the of realization the connect better to made been have efforts practices, development into rights human mainstreaming of terms in opportunity missed a as many by seen are (2000–2015) (MDGs) Goals Development Millennium the While ly continuetobeconductedasdistinctendeavours. agendas. However, the promotion of human rights and the pursuit of development two large- the between synergies important are there that acknowledge equally actors ment develop- Today,and development. rights to human (HRBA) approach rights-based man hu- a adopt to need the underlined has UnitedNations(UN) the years, 20 Forthan more no peace without justice, no sustainability without human rights’ (N. Pillay) ‘There will be no development without equality, no progress without freedom, ‘seek to realize the human rights of all’, of rights human the realize to ‘seek 3 Although they are not framed in the language of human rights, the SDGs the rights, human of language the in framed not are they Although 1. INTRODUCTION 4 and the goals relating to poverty,social to relating goals the and 5
2
NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 9 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 10 Cooperation: Human Development , 2003. 9 July 1997. 10 hdr_2000_en.pdf 8 dorsed by UNGA Res 20 December 48/121, 1993). ntdNtos APorme o Reform, for Programme A Nations: United the Renewing report his in Annan, Kofi Secretary-General, UN then the 1997, In Programming (UNCommonUnderstanding). and Cooperation Development ApproachHumanto Rights-Based the Under on - standing Common the adopted programmes and funds agencies, UN the 2003, In 6 According totheUNCommonUnderstanding: reinforcing’. mutually human and interdependent are for freedoms fundamental and respect rights and development ‘democracy, that states Rights Human on WorldConferencethe of Action of Programme and ViennaDeclaration 1993 The UN anditsMember States formorethan20years. the by underlined been has development to HRBA a adopt to need The 2. THE UNITED NA 7 FAQen.pdf (last accessed 3December 2017). Human-Rights Based Approach to Development, MDGs by2015. the reach and rights human all protect to committed states which in Assembly, General UN the by Declaration Millennium the of de- adoption human the and and velopment rights human on report (UNDP) Programme Development UN the of publication the by 2000 in followed was This funds. and programmes cies, agen- specialized UN all of activities and policies programmes, the into streamed See UN UNGA, UN United 1. Secretary-General, UN Development rights instruments… human international other and Rights Human of Declaration Universal the in down laid as rights human of realization the further should tance assis- technical and policies cooperation, development of programmes All Vienna Office APPRO Nations Towards OF A (last accessed 3December 2017). UNGARes 55/2,18 September 2000. of Declaration 9 the
Development
Oxford Programme a High Common Renewing Commissioner
and University HUMANED RIGHTS-BAS ACH TO DEVELOPMENT Group Programme Understanding (UNDP), HumanDevelopment Report 2000: HumanRightsand the
United Press, (UNDG), for Human
of Nations: 2000, 2006, TIONS Action, The Among
Rights Human http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/261/ 8 http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/ asked for human rights to be main- be to rights human for asked A 10 UN Programme UN doc (OHCHR), Rights-Based Agencies A/CONF.157/23, ’ DEFINITION for Frequently Asked Questions ona 6 (UN
Reform, Approach Common 12 UN July doc to Understanding), 1993, Development A/51/950, §8 (en- 14 7
11 solidarity (PANTHERS). solidarity accountability, participation, of non-discrimination, transparency, principleshuman dignity, empowerment, the the rule of law include and principles rights Human selves andtheirfamilieswithdignity. them- feed can they that so workers, wage for salary sufficient a to and peasants for resources productive to access ensuring by also but schemes, assistance social nity,impliesshould,which they that through food example,to for access improve dig- human protect and promote to be should measures these of aim final the that means also It all. for care health and systems health adequate to not but sistance as- health emergency and medicines essential to access or education, higher and secondary not but primary food, adequate to right the not but hunger from free only focusonguaranteeingthecorecontentoftheserights,suchasrighttobe the to achieve MDGs and the and programmes SDGs incidentally contribute to the realization of policies ESCR, or that they laws, that sufficient not therefore is It without discrimination. ESCR fulfilling and protecting respecting, states to and ESCR, their claim to ple to achieve the goals and (3) these measures should contribute to empowering peo- taken measures of implementation and adoption the guide should principles and instruments rights human (2) goals; the implementing at aimed programmes and plies that (1) the realization of ESCR should be the main objective of laws, policies im- Understanding Common UN the SDGs, the and MDGs the ESCR, to Applied (including thesettingofgoals),implementation, monitoringandevaluation. planning and design programme and policy law, to analysis and assessment from rights principles should be used as a guide in all phases of the programming process, transparency, Food Right to Food Within theInternational Framework of HumanRightsandCountry Constitutions , also, Organization Latin America andSouthAsia , to Food Approach: Significant Progress inImplementingtheRightto Food atNationalScale inAfrica, docrep/014/i2250e/i2250e.pdf it Happen:Progress andLessons Learned Through Implementation, docs/Briefing_Note_01_May_2010_EN.pdf solidarity (PANTHERS), whichisfundamental to therealization of theSDGsthatseek to realize ESCR. Many 3. 2. O. Handbooks, De their rights. of ‘duty-bearers’ to meet their obligations and/or of ‘rights-holders’ to claim Development cooperation contributes to the development of the capacities sectors andinallphases oftheprogrammingprocess… all in programming and cooperation development all guide instruments rights human international other Humanand of Rights Declaration versal Human rights standards contained in, and principles derived from, the Uni- have Schutter, of human defined the 2014, UN UN dignity, (FAO) Special the p 8, human has 11 http://www.fao.org/3/a-i3448e.pdf empowerment, Briefing Following the UN Common Understanding, these human Understanding,these Common UN Followingthe Rapporteur (last defined rights accessed Note the principles (last on 01, PANTHER and the accessed 3 May December the Right of 2010, rule principles participation, to 3 Food, December of http://www2.ohchr.org/english/issues/food/ 2017). law in Countries Tackling HungerWith aRight (last (PANTHER). relation To 2011, accountability, 2017); accessed the PANTHER pp to FAO, the The 6–7, 3 right Right to Food. Making December Food http://www.fao.org/ non-discrimination, principles, to and food. Agriculture 2017). FAO, Right we add The See to
The UN Definition of a HRBA to development 11 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 12 12 development. to HRBA a following food, to right the alize re- to frameworks policy and institutional legislative, effective building for model a provided Brazil (2003–2010), Silva da Lula Inácio Luiz of presidency the Under to development. HRBAs of examples as seen be can 2001 in India in started that campaign food to The social programmes put in place in Brazil between 2003 and 2015 and the right their about rights andavailable ofviolations. remediesincase informed be should people and established be should mechanisms monitoring independent levels, all at explained be should obligations states’ that ItESCR. realize fully impliesto place in putshouldframeworksalso be policy and institutional legislative, effective that implies therefore development to HRBA A tion toincludetherightfoodasafundamentalofevery Brazilian. Constitu- the amended it 2010, In obligations. correlative states’ and food to right NationalFood Nutritionand FrameworkSecurity Law, the detail in defined which in food security policies. On 15 September 2006, the Brazilian Congress passed the food adequate to right the of incorporation the on government the advise Foodto Adequate to Right Human the on Commission Standing its established CONSEA 2005, country.In the in insecurity food to vulnerable most people the identify to ers. In 2004, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics undertook a survey observ- and society civil of efforts participatory the with conjunction in stitutions in- government several of agendas policy-making the coordinating in role vital a played then It President. Brazilian the advising directly 2003, in society civil and government the for forum discussion a as re-established was (CONSEA) Security Nutrition and Food for Council National The population. Brazilian the for food ger Strategy), recognizing the state’s responsibility for ensuring access to adequate HunZero - (the programme security food national a established Policy)and tional Brazilian Government adopted a national food security policy (the Food and Nutri- See FAO, Rightto Food. MakingitHappen , supra fn11, pp55–73. 13 Issues’, inFAO, The Rightto Food. PuttingInto Practice, 2005. Social See FAO, Programmes in Right to Food. MakingitHappen, 12 il Braz supra (2003–2015) fn 11, pp 93–117; C. Golay, 13 In January 2003, the 2003, January In ‘Legal and Institutional works andreducedchildmalnutritionby73%duringLula’s presidency. frame- policy and legislative adequate built had country the because first Brazil ranked and hunger fighting in effectiveness their to according countries 51 sified 15 Ibid. 14 life, to right tutional consti- the that argued NGO This Court. Supreme the to appealed (NGO), zation organi- non-governmental rights human a Liberties, Civil for Union People’s the situation, this to response In available. were India of stocks Corporation Foodfood the from while starving were Rajasthan of state the in people many 2001, In a result,in2014,BrazilwasremovedfromtheUNhunger map forthefirsttime. country.As the in people vulnerable most million 16 the of rights the on focusing Rousseff Dilma of presidency the Brazil, in poverty extreme eradicate to policy new a implemented who (2010–2016), under continued development to HRBA This ducing undernourishment by a half. re- of MDG first the reach to countries first the of one become to Brazil led works The successful implementation of these legislative, institutional and policy frame - and that this right should be fulfilled by the state. the by fulfilled be should right this that and orders, the Supreme Court ruled that all individuals in India have the right to food lic, about their entitlements tofood. pub- general the as well as groups, vulnerable most the informing been has NGOs development and rights human by led food to right the on campaign national a 2001, Since people. million 800 around for entitlements legal into programmes security food converted it which through Act), Food to Right the called (also Act Security Food National the adopted Parliament Indian the 2013, In food. to right the realize to schemes assistance social implement to India of governments state 16 Hunger andWhat CanBeDone,HungerFREEScorecard 2010, September 2010. December 2017). 18 Constitution of India,Art21. 17 pp23–26,and Nutrition,2014, http://www.fao.org/3/a-i4030e.pdf (last accessed 3December 2017). State of Food Insecurity intheWorld 2014: 19 196/2001. The ActionAid, FAO, See Supreme Right the International website Court, Who’s Really FightingHunger?Why theWorld isGoingBackwards ontheUNGoal to Halve to of People’s Unionfor CivilLibertiesv Union of India&Ors, F Fund the ood 17 Indian for and thus to food, was being denied. In a number of interim of number a In denied. being was food, to thus and Agricultural Campaign right to food Development Strengthening theEnablingEnvironment for Food Security 14 19 campaign, In a study published in 2010, ActionAid clas- in India (IFAD) www.righttofoodcampaign.in and 18 The Court then directed all directed then Court The World Food Programme Writ Petition (last 15 (WFP), The accessed (Civil) 16 no 4
The UN Definition of a HRBA to development 13 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 14 Millennium Development Goals by 2015, UNdocA/64/665, 12February 2010. Keeping throughout 24 UNGARes A/65/L.1, 17September 2010, §§13,53. 23 Ibid. 22 UNGARes 55/2,supra 9,24, 25,30. fn9,§§4, 21 Human Rights(2012). Special its principles’. and law international for respect full with and Nations United the of Charter the reaffirmed their pledge to ‘continue to be guided by the purposes and principles of – Keeping the Promise: United to Achieve the Millennium Development Goals Development Millennium the Achieve to United Promise: the Keeping – 20 rights perspective,theirimplementation hasbeenseenasamissedopportunity(B). human a from viewed But (A). ESCR particular in rights, human and development As we will see, the MDGs represented an important step towards the convergence of general. in development as well as lar,particu- in MDGs the of attainment the for prerequisite essential an was rights’ human all for ‘respect that recognized StatesMember UN when – Summit MDGs 2010 the of occasion the on – later years ten reaffirmed were commitments These discrimination. without development, to right the ing includ- freedoms, fundamental and rights human all promote and protect spect, re- to committed States Member UN principles, and values these reaffirming In development agenda. new the guide should that UN the of principles and values the affirmed re- they which in Declaration, Millennium the signed leaders world 198 At the UN Millennium Summit in 2000, from which the MDGs emerged, of humanrightstreatiesbystatesparties. implementation the ensure and Rights Human of Declaration Universal the hold up- families, their and workers migrant migrants, minorities, of rights the respect Ibid. Part THE MILLENIU Procedures the Such 3 is the Promise: to commitments entire some 24 to A the extent text, Forward-Looking Human in appeared inspired relation 3. HUMAN RIGHTS Rights G by in to O and the C. Review many A Golay, Introduction Development L MDGs. 23 to I. The declaration adopted at this summit this at adopted declaration The 22 S Promote Biglino (2000–2015) DEVELOPMENT See of Dialogue’, and the also, an outcome I. Agreed Report Truscan, 21 17 They also committed to committed also They SUR – International Journal of Action document of ‘The the Agenda Contribution UN and Secretary-General, AND to were Achieve of repeated the 20 the UN –
(2009). Based 28 Sur –International JournalonHumanRights12(2010). 27 United NationsMillenniumDeclaration, 6September UNdocA/56/326, 2001, §202. International the Development sanitation. and water drinking safe to access and women of empowerment and equality gender education, hunger, and poverty as such health, of determinants underlying dressed ad- MDGs other the of most and 6), MDG (specifically, and health 5 to MDG 4, MDG MDGs focused on health-related objectives that are fundamental aspects of the right cooperation andassistanceprovidedbyArticle2(1)oftheICESCR. international of obligations the and development, for partnership global a of ation been recognized in the ICESCR (see Table1). (see haveICESCR the they in recognized as been ESCR, of terms in reframed be could MDGs the of majority vast The development (MDG8). ensure environmental sustainability (MDG 7) and develop a global partnership for HIV/AIDS,6), combat (MDG 5), diseases (MDG other health and maternal malaria improve4), (MDG mortality child reduce 3), women(MDG empower and equality gender promote 2), (MDG education primary universal achieve 1), (MDG hunger and poverty extreme halve to designed were They 2015. by achieved be to goals 26 UNGARes 55/2,supra fn9,§11. 25 everyone’. for izing conditions of extreme poverty’ and making ‘the right to development a reality dehuman- and ‘abject combat to committed states Declaration, Millennium the In quate standard of living. broadly,ade- more an and, sanitation and water housing, food, education, health, to A . The implementation S. As M. Zaidi, Approach the Sepulveda Convergence then ‘Millennium 27 Covenant Goals’. Parallels have also been drawn between MDG 8, which called for the cre- UN 25 to Carmona, In practice, the eight MDGs were a set of quantifiable, time-boundquantifiable, of set a were MDGs eight the practice, In Secretary-General of Millennium Report the on Development Economic, MDGs, of ‘The
If we take the right to health, for example, nearly half of the the Development ‘economic, Obligations UN Between Social stated Goal Secretary-General, and 6 social as and Goal of far Cultural “International and the back 8’, the Right cultural 13 as Rights: 26 Road These can be identified as the rights the as identified be can These 2001, The International Journalof HumanRights1 MDGs and to rights Health: A Map Assistance in possible his are Towards report Conflictual at Entry the and describing the ESCR heart Cooperation” Point or Implementation 28 of Complementary?’, to all the a the Human road Millennium Under map Rights of the the for 7
Human Rights and the MDGs 15 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 16 cessed 3December 2017). water_governance/human-rights-and-the-millennium-development-goals-making-the-link.html January 29 Table 1:The MDGs andHuman Rights CEDA CRC: C ICESCR: International C UDHR: Universal DeclarationHuman Rights of Develop aglobalpartnershipfor development Goal 8 ICERD: International C Ensure environmental sustainability Goal 7 Combat HIV/AIDS, malariaandother diseases Goal 6 Improve maternal health Goal 5 Reduce childmortality Goal 4 Promote genderequalityandempowerwomen Goal 3 Achieve universal primaryeducation Goal 2 Eradicate extreme poverty andhunger Goal 1 Millennium Development Goals MDGs and Human Rights Adapted W: International C onvention ontheRightsofChild 2007, from p 11, UNDP, onvention ontheEliminationofAllF ovenant onE onvention ontheEliminationofAllF http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/librarypage/environment-energy/ Human RightsandtheMillenniumDevelopment Goals. MakingtheLink, conomic, SocialandC 29 ultural Rights orms ofRacialDiscrimination orms ofDiscriminationA 24(4), 28(3) ICESCR, Arts2(1),11(1), 15(4), 22,23;CRC, Arts4, UN Charter, A rts 1(3),55,56;UDHR,A22,28; 14(2)(h); CRC, Art24; ICERD UDHR, Art 12;ICERD UDHR, Art25;ICESCR, Art12;CRC, Art24; CEDA ICESCR, Art12;CRC, Art24(2)(d); ICERD UDHR, Art25;CEDA 12(2)(a) UDHR, Art25;CRC, Arts6,24(2)(a); ICESCR, Art UDHR, Art2;CEDA (a); CEDA UDHR, Art26(1);ICESCR, Arts13,14;CRC , Art28(1) UDHR, Art25(1);ICESCR, Art11 Human RightsS Art 25(1); W, Art10;ICERD , Art5(e)(iv) tandards ICESCR, W; ICESCR, Art3;CRC, Art2 W, Arts10(h),11(f), 12,14(b); gainst Women Arts 11(1), 12; , Art5(e)(v) , Art5(e)(iii) , Art5(e)(iv) CEDA W, (last Art W, ac 1 - to social security.to social right the as such missing, also were ESCR Important all. for care health and tems sys- health adequate to access or education higher and secondary as such ESCR, of elements important other of realization the to linked targets without diseases, er HIV/AIDS,combatting or education primary universal achieving oth- and malaria through example for ESCR, of content core the of realization the on focused goals the of most that said be also could It realization. full their achieving than rather health, maternal improving for or poverty ESCR, extreme and of hunger halving realization by example progressive the to contributing at aimed MDGs the of spectful ofhumanrights. re- manner a in steps taking and resources allocating for responsibility the bear rights-holders, while states and other actors involved in development programmes such a framework, the beneficiaries of the measures addressing the MDGs become 30 ferred to as the ‘twin principles’ of global equity and shared responsibility. re- they what reinforcing and process development the in involved stakeholders ing and ensuring the accountability, through independent mechanisms, of various monitor- of means a providing groups; vulnerable towards attention and ination the level of empowerment and participation of individuals; ensuring non-discrim- increasing obligations; legal binding by reinforced framework normative strong a providing goals: the of implementation the in rights human by played be to role central the described they which in MDGs, the on statement joint a issued SCR) (CE- ESCR on Committee UN the and ESCR on procedures special UN the 2002, In importance ofusinghumanrightstoguidetheimplementation oftheMDGs. the on emerged work UN and literature of body large a period, MDG the During treaties. rights human in prescribed a at aligned, be to were MDGs the of objectives the that imply automatically not did paradigms two the of intersection the as convergence, ‘factual’ as defined been has overlap This concrete ‘operational strategies’ to tackle the problems that lie at the very core of core very the at lie that problems the tackle to strategies’ ‘operational concrete but principles’, ‘guiding solid only not provide ESCR that argued been also has It doc A/65/259, 9August 2010, §69. Report of theUNIndependentExpertonQuestion of Human RightsandExtreme Poverty, UN 33 Rights, 29November 2002. Special Rapporteurs onESCR, The MillenniumDevelopment Goals and Economic, SocialandCultural Jointstatement of theUNCommittee onEconomic, SocialandCultural Rights(CESCR) andtheUN 32 Intersentia, 2007. W. Vandenhole (eds), Casting The NetWider: HumanRights,Development andNew Duty-Bearers, H.Sano, ‘DoesHumanRights-Based Development Make ADifference?’ Tostensen, inM.Salomon,A. 31 from aLegal Perspective’, 1Journalof HumanRightsPractice 1(2009), 52–53. B. Missed MDGs Viewed S. Mcinerney-Lankford, Opportunities –he T level, with corresponding human rights obligations rights human corresponding with level, substantive from a Human ‘Human 33
Rights and 30 Development: From mostoutset,that the couldit stated be Rights Perspe Implement A Comment on a Challenges tion ctive of and the Opportunities 32 Under
31
Human Rights and the MDGs 17 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 18 Highest Report of theUNSpecial Rapporteur onthe Rightof Everyone to the Enjoyment of the 38 37 Seen Through theLens of theMillenniumDevelopment Goals’, 27 HumanRightsQuarterly 3(2005) 762. Health), the 36 Consultation 18–19 May 2010). of ernments andtheircitizens,toensurethatMDGcommitments arehonoured.’ gov- between and countries… developing and developed between mechanism ability account- an for come has time ‘[t]he that stated Secretary-General UN then the when sure thateffortsaredirectedtothosewhoserightsviolated.’ compass for tackling a food insecurity.as Because it promotes accountability,act it can can en- it targeting, improves it Because long-term. the in sustainable more them make and domains, thatof variety a in interventions of impacts the improve impacts, can operational clear with tool, a is food] to right ‘[the Schutter, De er Olivi- food, to right the on Rapporteur Special UN then the by 2010 in stated As 35 Publications/Claiming_MDGs_en.pdf (last accessed 3December 2017). the MillenniumDevelopment Goals: A HumanRightsApproach, 2008, 34 accountable. actors relevant other and states ‘awarenessand information of provision holding the than with advocacy’ do to more work set up under the MDGs was primarily a voluntary reporting scheme, which had frame- monitoring The list. the on high quite was critique gap’ ‘accountability The materialize duringtheMDGperiod. really not did development and rights human between convergence practical the experts, rights human and states both by expressed commitments these Despite safe drinkingwaterandtheneedforenvironmentalsustainability. ill-health, maternal mortality, child women, of disempowerment and inequality gender education, of poverty,lack concerns: hunger,slum-dwelling, development nity. AssummarizedbyMac Darrow, theseincludedtheMDGs’ commu- rights human the of perspective the from advanced were reasons Several Report of theUNSecretary-General, Keeping thepromise, supra fn24, §97. 39 date-holders of theHumanRightsCouncil (HRC) onthePost-2015 Development Agenda, May 21 2013. the Post-2015 P. M. O. Joint Alston, De Right Darrow, UN Attainable make it into the global list, for example social security or social protection. pensity of the MDGs to ‘crowd out’ attention to important issues that didn’t pro- the and policy-making, target-driven of character distorting tentially po- the … mechanisms accountability weak their countries, rich in poverty address to failure their gender-blindness, their rights, social to pertaining obligations legal in factor to failure poverty,their of causes root address to failure their ambition, of lack their nature, reductionist and technocratic statement Schutter, doc to ‘Ships Development ‘The Food A/59/422, UN Standard Passing Millennium of in Special the the CESCR 8 Agenda’, in Revised October of the Rapporteur Development Physical and Night: 15 Comprehensive 2004, the Yale HumanRights andDevelopment Law Journal1 The UN and on §39. Current Special Goals: 36 the Mental
Right See Milestones State Rapporteurs Framework also, Health to 38 This gap was acknowledged in 2010, 2010, in acknowledged was gap This Food, of Statement the (UN or Five Human for on Millstones? Special Proposals ESCR, http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/ Action by Rights 17 supra Rapporteur UN (Contribution Human and for special 35 fn a Development 32; Genuine 34 Rights
procedures OHCHR, on (2012), to the Priorities Integration the Claiming Right 39 Debate 59–60. Dublin man- for to 37
mass protest,andtherolling-backofany developmentgains’. violent to led inequality and deprivation repression, underlying decade, previous the of stories “success” development celebrated the of several in Indeed, advances. frustrated and inequalities masked MDGs) the of implementation the (in rights human to link explicit an make to failure ‘[u]ltimately,the that emphasised they which in statement joint a issued bodies treaty rights human UN the of persons advocate foraHRBAtodevelopment. 41 UNGARes, supra 9,24, 25,30. fn9,§§4, 40 regions’. between and countries groups, social equalities and inter-sectional discrimination have dramatically increased between persons with disabilities and the poor. Even where overall progress was positive, in- cluding women, children, minorities, indigenous peoples, migrants, older persons, in- excluded, and disempowered marginalized, the of plight the in improvements sons of the UN treaty bodies underlined that the MDGs ‘failed to produce sufficient Chairper- the agenda, development post-2015 the on statement joint a in 2015, In law’. rights human international under obligations legal as codified already matters commitments political as framing of wisdom the questioned who many by skepticism with met were MDGs ‘the that stated proce- dures special UN 17 period, MDG the of end the before years two 2013, May In rights, human to references substantial made Declaration Millennium UN the Although ther referred to human rights explicitly, nor to international human rights treaties. nei- MDGs the goals: the of articulation and conceptualization thethe in both outset, at rights levelled human ignored largely criticisms had project overarching the that was acknowledged, MDGs the widely against most other the of One their failure to recognize human rights as essential to any sustainable develop- ment strategy’.For him, sustainable any to essential as rights human recognize to failure their In 2010, Olivier De Schutter commented that a ‘major deficiency of the MDGs [was] Ibid. 45 JointStatement of theChairpersons of theUNHumanRightsTreaty Bodies,supra fn1. 44 Statement by 17UNspecial procedures mandate-holders, supra fn38. 43 millennium-development-goals-olivier-de-schutter. 21 42 MDGs’, 41 IDSBulletin1(2010), 83–91. September Alston, O. De 40 social rights,suchastherighttofoodorhealthcare. social and economic of realization the for framework legislative a adopt to asked be should objectives development on progress making about serious are which are enshrined in international human rights law. Governments that duties, corresponding have governments and food, adequate to right man [t]he world’s 1 billion hungry people do not deserve charity: they have a hu- Schutter, the MDGs were not expressed in a human rights language and did not did and language rights human a in expressed not were MDGs the ‘Ships 2010, Passing ‘Millennium https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/poverty-matters/2010/sep/21/ in the Development Night’, supra Goals fn 41 36;
Need M. Langford, More 45 In 2012, the then UN SpecialRapUN - then the 2012, In Emphasis ‘A 43 Poverty At the same time, the Chair- the time, same Atthe on Human of 44 Rights: Rights’, Six Ways The Guardian , 42 to Fix the
Human Rights and the MDGs 19 Human Rights and the MDGs 20 during theMDGperiod. development and rights human between relationship the for description general fitting a be still regrettably,may, 2005) in (expressed night’ the in passing ‘ships 46 obligations. generate that standards forceable en- normative, in anchored not was and level rhetorical superficial, a to confined remained it as limited quite ultimately was principle, of sphere the in and factual both convergence, that is reached been often have to appears that conclusion The focus on average attainments creates a blind spot in the achievement of equality’. minority,ethnic an theirto because belonging poverty in living person single a or person single a disability, a with person single a benefiting without achieved be can targets theory,(MDG) in the least of many‘[a]t that explained had buquerque, porteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation, Catarina de Al- binding international instruments. international binding of ‘the general policy narrative’ rather than specific legal obligations deriving from the territory of missed opportunities. Human rights seemed, if anything, to be part man rights practical, operational significance over the past decades points towards hu- give and framework rights human a in MDGs the situate truly to action crete con- of lack the that conclude can we period, MDG the of end the after years Some was extremelyproblematic. rely on precise formulations. precise on rely not did and vague often were rights human to references rights, human to ments commit- rhetorical of plethora a despite that, out pointed also have community rights throughout the UN system since 2003, since system UN the throughout rights human mainstream to undertaken have agencies UN all that given and treaties, gations applying to states in light of their adherence to international human rights Integrating Sanitation uring in track” Alston, ‘ShipsPassing intheNight’, supra fn36. 51 Mcinerney-Lankford, ‘HumanRightsand Development’, supra fn30, 59. 50 UNCommon Understanding, supra fn10. 49 Alston, ‘ShipsPassing intheNight’, supra fn36,760. 48 Mcinerney-Lankford, ‘HumanRightsandDevelopment’, supra fn30, 54. 47 sanitation asguaranteed by humanrightsremains unequally enjoyed by many’. §19. rural Report her regarding areas, missions, and Non-Discrimination of or Hygiene, the the the UN [she] water lack Special UN is of target, Doc often quality 51 Rapporteur A/67/270,
and faced when of 48 Equality If one considers the numerous human rights obli- rights human numerous the considers one If tap with she 12 on water. comments incomprehension August 50 the In conclusion, Philip Alston’s metaphor of metaphor Alston’s Philip conclusion, In into The Human 2012, the target on Post-2015 49 the right §31. this lack of practical convergence practical of lack this 47 may rtc fo te ua rights human the from Critics lack by Catarina to policymakers be of Safe Development access achieved de Drinking Albuquerque by but in slum Water countries access Agenda dwellers and added to that for Sanitation, water or that are people Water, and “on ‘[d] 46 Conference 1992. dignity and equality and in a healthy environment’ healthy a in and equality and dignity in potential their fulfil can beings human all that ensure to and dimensions, and forms their all in hunger, and poverty end ‘to committed states which through – presents unprecedentedopportunitiesforadvancingtherealizationofESCR. for the realization of ESCR. For the former UN Secretary-General, the 2030 Agenda 53 UNGARes 70/1, supra fn3,§2. 52 gender helptoput equalitycan anendtoinequalityanddiscrimination(D). achieve and behind one no leave to commitments the whether and (C), countries all in ESCR all of realization full the to contribute can SDGs the whether evaluate to analysed then is rights human to SDGs the of proximity The (B). Development Sustainable for Agenda 2030 the in included explicitly been have that mitments com- rights human the presents then It (A). rights human on based goals and da agen- development sustainable a design to negotiators convince to mechanisms rights human UN by made efforts significant the describing by begins part This 21 Agenda achieved and MDGs be the – to origins two targets by Inspired 169 2030. by and SDGs 17 of set broad a covers Agenda 2030 The Development Goalsandseektoaddresstheirunfinishedbusiness’. Millennium the of achievements the upon ‘build to committed they so, doing In Agenda forSustainable Development. 2030 the adopted they which in York,New in Summit Development Sustainable UN the at gathered leaders world 170 2015, September In and promoting partnership to achieve these. peace, and prosperity planet, the people, protecting themes: five under grouped (Rio+20) 2015 ence and 56 Ibid. 55 UNGARes 70/1, supra fn3,Preamble. 54 Development. A Commentary, Oxford University Press, 2015. Social andCultural Rights,UNdocA/HRC/34/25, 14December 2016, §32. THE SU Agenda Development Report has development Twenty in been on Rio the 21 years Environment endorsed de is UN the adopted Janeiro, later, agenda Secretary-General action T UN by Brazil in and AINBLE DEVELOPMENT and plan UNGA Member Rio Development 4. HUMAN RIGHTS adopt on for in Res 20–22 1992, the States on 66/288, related G twenty-first the see June O organized Question (the J. goals. 27 A 2012, E. Earth July Vinuales, L century The the 54 during of 2013. S Summit) The SDGs that aim to protect people the UN outcome (2016–2030) adopted The RioDeclaration onEnvironment and which Realization Conference On held 55 the – are particularly relevant particularly are – they document by Rio in Rio 178 decided in on Declaration all 53 de Sustainable head – the SDGs can be can SDGs the – Countries of Janeiro, to the 52 of develop states on Rio+20 AND Brazil, Development of Environment Economic, at the in confer the 56 post- June UN -
NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 21 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 22 Report of theUNSpecial Rapporteur onthe rightto water andsanitation, supra fn46. 61 2012, §11; HRC Resolution 23/12,24 June2013, §§12–13. human rights in the post-2015 development agenda. development post-2015 the in rights human of inclusion the to mainstreaming rights human on discussions panel high-level annual its of several dedicated Council Rights Human the years, following the In gaps in the MDGs and to contribute to the reduction of inequality in access to fun- Expert onhumanrightsandinternationalsolidarity.Independent the and sanitation and water drinking safe to right the on porteur Rap- Special the including agenda, development post-2015 the of elaboration the 58 HRC Res 20 September 21/2, 2012, §14. 57 and de Albuquerque Catarina respectively rights, human and poverty and extreme water on drinking and safe sanitation, to rights human the on Rapporteurs Special then The sustainability’. and equality rights, human for respect of principles damental fun- the around Declaration Millennium the in outlined values the on framework post-2015 the build ‘to states upon called time the first the for HumanCouncil Rights sanitation, and water drinking safe to right the on resolution its in 2012, In er forHuman Rights(OHCHR)have beenleadingtheseefforts. High Commissioner for Human Rights and the Office of the UN High Commission- The UN Human Rights Council, special procedures and treaty bodies, as well as the andthecollectionofdisaggregateddatatomeasureprogress. indicators and targets rights-relevant human of choice the mechanisms, monitoring fective ef- of creation the constituencies, of range a of participation the upon insisting in role significant a played also they organizations, society civil With people. able vulner- most the of rights the include and possible as rights many as cover rights, human on based are that goals related and agenda development post-2015 a sign de- to negotiators convincing in active been have mechanisms rights human UN agenda, goals, targets and indicators. and targets goals, agenda, for the inclusion of non-discrimination and equality in the post-2015 development advocated Albuquerque de Catarina 2012, In SDGs. the of negotiation the during and migrants. en’s rights and the rights of the child, persons with disabilities, indigenous peoples rights to water and sanitation, education, health and development, as well as wom - include specific human rights in the post-2015 development agenda, including the 60 Ibid. 59 Council to theDebate so far, Friedrich EbertStiftung (FES), 2015, pp1–4. A to A gend . Efforts Made Se HRC J. Kercher, cure Res a and 21/2, The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)–Contributions of theUNHumanRights 59 A In addition, it asked some of its special procedures to contribute to supra Human Go
adln Splea amn, ee mn te ot active most the among were Carmona, Sepúlveda Magdalena fn als b 57, y UN Human §14; ed Rights-bas HRC Res 61 24/18, She argued that it was necessary to address to necessary was it that argued She Rights Me 8 October Po s 2013, 60 58 t -2015 Development It also encouraged states to states encouraged also It chanisms §17; HRC Res 21/10,
11 October 57
Statement by 17UNspecial procedures mandate-holders, supra fn38. 68 be FullyIncluded intheNew Development Framework, 20 February 2015. Food, priorities in human rights is not only a legal and moral imperative, but can also can but imperative, moral and legal a only not is rights human in priorities in thepost-2015developmentagenda andtheSDGs. called for the inclusion of social protection, unpaid care work and access to justice for the inclusion of the human rights of migrants. Françoiscalled migrants, Crépeau, of rights human Specialthe RapporteurUN on pushed. be to measurable as perceived currently is what of boundaries the for calling ities, necessary to support progress monitoring and better identify and monitor inequal- data the analyse and gather to needed methodology the regarding proposals crete con- made she and indicators, and targets with goal, specific a have must hygiene ‘[w]hile Ibid,§§22,51–76. For deAlbuquerque, C. 63 Ibid,Summary. 62 2015 development agenda should be framed,’ post- the for targets and goals how to as guidance concrete provide standards norms and rights ‘[h]uman that stated they 2013, and 2012 In agenda. post-2015 the of negotiation the influence to releases press and letters statements, joint of ber num- a issued procedures special UN initiatives, individual-led beyond Moving vocated for the inclusion of minority issues in the post-2015 agenda, In 2014, the then UN Special Rapporteur on minority issues, Rita Izsák-Ndiaye, ad- world. the around services damental post-2015 developmentagenda. the in disabilities with persons of rights the of inclusion the for called – persons to food, and the Independent Expert on the enjoyment of all human rights by older – the Special Rapporteurs on the rights of persons with disabilities and on the right 66 2014. 65 Human Rights,2008–2014), UNdocA/HRC/26/28/Add.3, §49. 5June2014, 67 64 end them.’Ibid,§22. Magdalena perceived framework there an major “be do against coincides precisely not inappropriate seen Report Statement Report Addendum
is and cities. appear future many also as to with 63 as the of Sepúlveda is of Magdalena Sepúlveda Carmona presented several reports in which she which in reports several presented Carmona Sepúlveda Magdalena bring a a In measurable. the servant, essential caution Independent the tendency a monitoring. in by that low to UN the standard them UN the the regard, political Special official Independent that rather Carmona, Special to to report to A light. identifying future Rather, hide Expert for commitment Rapporteur the statistics, profile. than Rapporteurs political of Special The behind Summary targets a on the the Expert master”. current For the and even Special UN on Rapporteur decisions this example, 67 to and Rights the of on monitoring Special on better lack when technical The Activities indicators Minority Human the Rapporteur 62 of of She also argued that water, sanitation and sanitation water, that argued also She current in on and Rights they Older Rapporteur data calls many Rights deprioritizing argument. Issues, more of inequalities, represent need on Persons, for lack the of 68 countries, calls and that ‘[g]rounding development certain of Persons accurate pushing Special to Rita of Migrants, 66 on for be data In 2015, three mandate holders Others a Rights Izsák, 64 Extreme issues data measurable, a high certain people with Rapporteur the should data crucial UN have UN to of percentage boundaries Disabilities is collection doc be Persons issues, doc living not Poverty not step noted collected A/69/302, accidental. A/HRC/25/56, and be on in to and with used Extreme informal that this as of and making of and 65 part the that what on and the then Disabilities is measurability as on 11 Human certainly certain Neglect population an August of data Poverty the settlements progress is the 6 argument currently Right January Rights, should global issues 2014. often Must true, and to to in is
Human Rights and the SDGs 23 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 24 76 Ibid. 75 JointStatement of theChairpersons of the UNHumanRightsTreaty Bodies,supra fn1. 74 Committee onthePrevention of Torture andtheCommittee onEnforced Disappearances. Racial (Committee Women Development Agenda, 18January2015. 73 Statement by 17UNspecial procedures mandate-holders, supra fn38. 72 UN special procedures mandate-holders, supra fn38. Document sources ofinformationinmonitoringprogress. and mechanisms monitoring as procedures, special and bodies treaty UN cluding treaties and by engaging national and international human rights mechanisms, in- ment actors by linking development goals to legal obligations under human rights develop- all of accountability strengthening for called they and goals, post-2015 of realization the towards progress measure to indicators rights human of use the law.of rule the and justice forrights, advocated human They in grounded be to ed the Human Rights Council. Rights Human the of (UPR) Review Periodic Universal the on based Council’ Development tainable ‘Sus- a of form the in mechanism, accountability international strong a of ment 70 Ibid. 69 2015, January In accountability’.and effectiveness enhance et drn te eoito o te ot21 dvlpet agenda. development post-2015 the of negotiation the during ments state- joint two issued bodies treaty rights human UN ten the of Chairpersons The 2013, right to social security.right tosocial the on based floors protection social of provision the on goal a of inclusion the as wellas goal, cross-cutting and stand-alone a as countries between and population, ommended the inclusion of equality between marginalized groups and the general as thehumanrightstreatybodies,wellUPRofHuman RightsCouncil. ators should build upon the inclusive working methods of existing mechanisms such and the post-2015 monitoring and review framework. They also suggested that negoti- mechanisms existing between synergies ensure to order in bodies, treaty rights man hu- the including mechanisms, monitoring existing to and from information of flow institutionalized and systematic a with levels, global and regional national, at work and non-discrimination. They called for the creation of a strong accountability frame- equality on placed emphasis the and targets 169 and SDGs 17 proposed the Agenda, reflected and independent monitoring can be conducted’. be can monitoring independent and reflected be can voice people’s which ‘through level, national at mechanisms countability the 71 Committee Open Open The Joint Discrimination 74 (CEDAW they argued that for the new development agenda to be sustainable, it need- ten letter letter of Statement on the human from on Migrant from Rio+20 Committee), the 76 rights special special (CERD), of they welcomed the integration of human rights in the draft 2030 2030 draft the in rights human of integration the welcomed they Protection Summit, Workers), the treaty procedures 72 procedures Chairpersons the the
2012. bodies Committee Committee of the 70 And they called for the creation of participatory ac- participatory of creation the for called they And the Statement Committee mandate-holders mandate-holders are: Rights of Against the on the by of the HRC, on UN 17 All Elimination 69 Torture, UN the Migrant Human the They also advocated for the establish- the for advocated also They of special Rights of the CESCR, 75 the the UN Workers Rights procedures of UN of Committee HRC the All Persons HRC, Treaty to Committee Forms and 71 States supra Furthermore, rec- they mandate-holders, Members on with Bodies of Negotiating the fn Discrimination on Disabilities, 70; Rights on the of Statement the Elimination Their 73 the of supra n May In Post-2015 the the Outcome Families Against Child, fn by Sub- 38. 17 of
indicators by sex. by indicators all disaggregating through including goals, all in gender mainstreaming for and including through existinginternationalhumanrightsmechanisms. development, sustainable and accessible inclusive, an to disabilities with persons of right the of realization the in progress monitor to mechanisms accountability left behind. left is one no that ensure would non-discrimination and equality on agenda new the building that and standards, rights human with aligned be should indicators and targets goals, all that underlined it which in statement DAWa issued Committee in ensuringaccountability forgender equality’. mittee (along with the other human rights treaty bodies) shouldCEDAW haveCom- a the critical role SDGs), the (for adopted is mechanism accountability hatever 77 progress. measure to disabilities, with persons by faced barriers and disability by including data, disaggregated of collection the and benchmarks and indicators disability-rights the SDGs, of of definition the implementation national and definition the in organizations tive representa- their and disabilities with persons of participation the agenda, ment develop- post-2015 the in disabilities with persons of rights the of inclusion the for asking SDGs, the and agenda post-2015 the on statements two issued abilities Dis- with Persons of Rights the on Committee the 2014, January and 2013 May In SDGs, the on group working Assembly General UN the before tion interven- an made CEDAWCommittee the of Chairperson the 2014, February In pation andinclusion,transparencyaccountability. partici- women, and men between equality non-discrimination, including ciples, prin- rights human with goals development explicitlypost-2015 to the them align encouraging ICESCR, the to PartiesStates all to letter a sent CESCR the of person Chair- the 2012, November In initiatives. individual took also bodies treaty Some justice – as major shortcomings that had to be rectified. be to had that shortcomings major as – justice to access in women against discrimination addressing not and violence der-based the 84 the 8thsession of theOpenWorking Group onSustainable Development Goals, January2014. Goals, supra fn83. 78 to theICESCR, 30 November 2012. 83 Ibid. 82 Ibid. 81 Ibid. 80 Discrimination Against Women, 26 February 2014. Working Persons 79 Empowerment, 5February 2014. Committee Letter Statement Statement Statement Statement with Group on Disabilities the 79 on of of of on of It called for the inclusion of a stand-alone goal on gender equality gender on goal stand-alone a of inclusion the for called It Post-2015 the the the the the the Rights 80 CEDAW Committee Committee SDGs, Chairperson It also described two failures of the MDGs – not including genincluding - Itnot – MDGs the of twofailures described also in the Development of Promoting Committee Post-2015 Persons on on of the the the with Equality, Rights Agenda on Rights 83 Agenda CEDAW It also called for the establishment of strong of establishment the for called also It Disabilities the of Post-2015 of on Including Persons sent Persons Committee Disability by on the Sustainable with Development Social 82 with and Chairperson Disabilities to Disabilities Equity, Development, the 77 Development 81 8th For the Committee, ‘[w] Committee, the For Agenda Gender of on session on the Sustainable May Including Equality CESCR and of Goals, 2013; 78 the 84 the and the CE- the and to and Elimination Development the addressed Statement State UNGA Women’s Rights Parties Open to of of of
Human Rights and the SDGs 25 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 26 90 WhoWillBeAccountable.pdf (last accessed 3December 2017). Rights andthePost-2015 Development Agenda , 91 ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/Human_rights_indicators_en.pdf (last accessed 3December 2017). to choose human rights-relevant indicators. rights-relevant human choose to accountability mechanisms. the post-2015 development agenda to forbe built on human rights and include called strong people million a than more which of end the at UN, the by facilitated consultations thematic global 11 and consultations national 80 the of ganization all other goals through disaggregation and targeted benchmarking’. across considerations equality of integration the as well equality,as on goal alone stand- a both ‘with followed, be should approach two-track a that and framework, entire the underpin should equality of imperative the poor.that the added and She disabled the persons, older migrants, peoples, indigenous minorities, women, ing includ- groups, excluded and disempowered marginalized, include to and rights), political and civil as well as ESCR (i.e. want and fear both from freedom address to universal, equality,be and to rights human on built be to agenda post-2015 the for out freedom,no peacewithout justice,nosustainabilitywithout humanrights’. w[ould]without‘[t]here development Rights, no man be equality, with- progress no Hufor - Commissioner High UN Forthe UPR. and procedures special bodies, treaty UN the including mechanisms, rights human to linked framework accountability strong a and level international the at policies rights-consistent human with da, a new global partnership for development should be created by the post-2015 agen- https://undg.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/The-World-we-Want.pdf 89 Ibid. 88 Ibid. 87 Letter sent to allUNMemberStates by theUNHighCommissioner for Human Rights,supra fn2. 86 For asummaryof these contributions, see Kercher, The Sustainable Development Goals, supra fn58,p6. 85 goals the of realization the monitor to mechanisms accountability strong establish to need the as such agenda, as- development post-2015 key the of on pects research conducted OHCHR that mention to important is it Finally, agenda. development post-2015 the on discussion the to The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights also made significant contributions its first report released in June 2012 – In negotiators. advised organizations international other and agencies UN which through agenda, development post-2015 the on team task Secretary-General’s UN 2015 development agenda and goals in ten key messages. post- rights-based human a design could negotiators how Pillay,summarized hem Navanet- Rights, Human for Commissioner High then the 2013, in States Member of human rights, equality and sustainability. valuesteam’s core the on agenda post-2015 the build to was recommendation first 92 All, Report to theUNSecretary General, June2012, ppi,23. UN OHCHR, UNDG, OHCHR System A Million Voices: The World We Want. A Sustainable Future with Dignity for All, and Human RightsIndicators. AGuideto Measurement andImplementation, Task the Team Center on for the Economic Post-2015 92 and UN Social Realising theFutureWeWantforAll – the task Development 2013, Rights 90 http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/ 91 It was also an active member of the of member active an also was It OHCHR then participated in the or- (CESR), Agenda, Who Will BeAccountable? Human Realising theFuture We Want for 85 86 (last In a letter sent to all UN all to sent letter a In These included the need accessed 87 89 2012, 3 Furthermore, and the need the and December http://www. 2013, 2017). 88 p 2, tees that have been included in the 2030 Agenda, states have also committed to committed also have states Agenda, 2030 the in included been have that tees guaran- rights human substantive the with along that note to important also is It the MDGs,withindevelopmentagenda. in included not right, this of integration the towards step first a constitutes which realize ESCR, the agenda also includes a specific SDG on access to justice (Goal 16), curity, food security, health, education, work, housing, water and sanitation seek to with the obligations of states under international law,international under states of obligations the with human rights treaties’ rights human international (and) Rights Human of Declaration Universal the in ‘grounded is It Ibid, Preamble. 99 Ibid,§35. 98 Ibid,§§20, 25,29respectively. 97 Ibid,§18. 96 Ibid,§10. 95 Ibid,§19. 94 UNGARes 70/1, supra fn3,§8. 93 girls’. and women all of powerment em- the and equality gender achieve to and all of rights human the realize to ‘seek these that underlined have states targets, related 169 and SDGs 17 the defining In non-discrimination’ and equality justice, law, of rule the dignity, man hu- and rights Agendahuman 2030 for The respect ‘universal of world a envisages plementation oftheSDGswithpromotionandprotection ofhumanrights. im- the and agenda new the link to Membercommitments UN Statesstrong made 2015,AgendaSeptember 2030 Sustainable25 the for on adopting Development In able Development. Sustain- for Agenda 2030 the in commitments rights human explicit of inclusion rights-based post-2015 agenda and human goals have produced significanta results. Acase insecure point is the to mechanisms rights human UN by made Efforts man rights and fundamental freedoms for all, without distinction of any kind’. any of distinction without all, for freedoms fundamental and hu- rights man promote and protect respect, to … States all of responsibilities ‘the phasizes placed persons. placed dis- internally and refugees migrants, youth, and children women, of rights human the respect fully to committed explicitly have states Agenda, 2030 the adopting In gations underinternationalhumanrightslaw. governance at all levels and on transparent, effective and accountable institutions’. human rights (including the right to development), on effective rule of law and good clusive societies that provide equal access to justice and that are based on respect for B. Explicit A gend a for Human 97 And they have recognized ‘the need to build peaceful, just and in- and just peaceful, build to need ‘the recognized have they And Sus t 95 ainble and is ‘to be implemented in a manner that is consistent is that manner a in implemented be ‘to is and Rights Commitments in Development 99 While the SDGs related to poverty,to related SDGs the While se- social 96 which include states obli- states include which the 2030 93
and em- and 94 98
Human Rights and the SDGs 27 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 28 ambition Ibid, Preamble. 107 Ibid,§55. 106 Ibid. 105 UNGARes 70/1, supra fn3,§5. 104 important world, developed and developing countries alike’ countries developing and developed world, be achieved by 2030. These are ‘universal goals and targets which involve the entire The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development includes 17 SDGs and 169 targets to in allcountries. the SDGsandrelatedtargets aimingatcontributingtothefull realizationofESCR 103 Ibid,§16. 102 Ibid,§2. 101 Ibid,§74.e. 100 perity, and peace, and promoting partnership to achieve those. pros- planet, the people, protecting themes: five cover SDGs the seen, have we As ing countries. develop- on focused but everywhere, applicable not were MDGs the that seen also haveWe all. for care health and systems health adequate to access or education higher and secondary as such ESCR, of elements important other to link targets versal primary education or combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases without uni- achieve to aiming by example for ESCR, of content core the on focused them of poverty.most Furthermore,extreme and hunger halving by example for ESCR, As we have seen, the MDGs aimed at contributing to the progressive realization of business’. unfinished their address to seek and Goals Development Millennium the of achievements the upon ‘build to In adopting the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, states have committed poorest, mostvulnerableandthosefurthestbehind’. the on focus particular a have and rights human respect [will] gender-sensitive, ensure that the follow-up and review processes at all levels will be ‘people-centred, landlocked developingcountries andsmallislanddevelopingstates. countries, developed least Africa, in – uneven been has progress which in states support to and – health reproductive and health child and newborn maternal, to related those particular, in – met not were that MDGs the realize fully to mitted tries and … applicable to all’ C in . SDGs 1–17: T All As we and issues, Countries? have failure 103 such seen, The 2030 Agenda proposes a far more ambitious programme, with to as this address ow social explains ard security. poverty 105 why s the , being ‘global in nature and universally applicable’. Darrow, in human rich Full countries. 101 ‘The rights To reach these objectives, they have com- have they objectives, Tothese reach Millennium Realiza experts They 104 have have Development and are ‘accepted by all coun - all by ‘accepted are and 100 also criticized
tion criticized of Goals’ the 107 The 17 SDGs and MDGs All the supra 102 MDGs for ESCR fn their for 37, missing 59–60. lack
106 of Special mentioned Social andCultural Rights,supra fn56,§§8,14. Development, 110 regrets 2030 that‘the Agenda doesnot explicitly state thathealth isa humanright’. damental Targets have national ‘are According to the2030 Agenda, the SDGsandtargets 111 pdf (last accessed 3December 2017). .org/esa/socdev/unpfii/documents/2016/National-HR/DIHR-FuR-paper_final-draft_29_02_16-Danemark. 112 processes, policiesandstrategies’. UNGARes 70/1, supra fn3,§55. guided 109 Ibid,§55. 108 standards It has been argued that 156 of the 169 targets are linked to human rights and labour Many SDGs and targets are closely linked to human rights and, in particular, ESCR. indivisible. and integrated reinforcing, mutually are targets 169 tional goals, themselves are not framed explicitly in the language of human rights, but as aspira- SDGs the while that underlined Secretary-General UN then the 2016, of end Atthe them, UNMember States have setout anambitious andtransformationalvision: the Goals correspond to the contents of key economic, social and cultural rights’. the number Rapporteur will Right also integrated B. access Report Ibid, by Rapporteur Feiring are of decide realities, cessibility, affordability and quality of education, health, water and other and water health, education, of quality and cessibility,affordability availability,ac- address Many standards. rights human international vant rele- of content the reflect explicitly Goals the under targets the of Many versal accesstoaffordable,reliableandsustainableenergy. uni- is there where and sustainable and resilient safe, are habitats human and where food is sufficient, safe, affordable and nutritious. A world where hygiene; improved is there where and sanitation and water drinking safe to right human the regarding commitments our A reaffirm we where assured. world are well-being social and mental physical, where protection, social and care health to levels, all at education quality to access universal A violence. and disease and want, where all life thrive. can We envisage a world free of fear poverty,hunger,of free world Wea envisagevision. transformational and 7. Our vision to right the §7. in ESCR. defined to on 110 Food, the the In these Goals and targets, we are setting out a supremely ambitious supremely a out setting are we targets, and Goals these In Draft global In safe, and 111 of (see also thetableonSDGsandhumanrightsinAnnex). (seealso and the how UN the 2030 everyone For capacities and while ESCR have far greater scope than the SDGs, ‘virtually all of Hilal A. on Right sufficient Paper, indivisible, as Secretary-General these outcome level Hassler, example, the aspirational Agenda Elver, to Right of Danish aspirational to Health, and ambition and Human RightsinFollow-Up andReview of the2030 Agenda for Sustainable UN world with universal literacy. A world with equitable and equitable with world literacy.A universal with world be document global they is to free levels Doc nutritious ‘a Institute Food, and major Dainius reaffirmed from A/71/282, in but and on of global, nature Hilal of shortcoming’. the development taking hunger’. for global food, Rio+20, Pūras, Elver, Human Question and with their 3 consistent into targets August UN See the universally The each commitments Rights account doc fact UNGA of Interim and Future should 2016, Government the A/71/304, that with (DIHR), respecting Res national Realization applicable, We Report §47. the the be 66/288, regarding Want, February right incorporated right See 5 circumstances. of setting August national to also, to the supra states in taking food adequate all 2016, UN ‘the Report its 2016, Countries fn policies has explicitly Special into into own right 53, 109 p 108 not 7, Each national food of account §12, §108. n adopting In national http://www.un- of the Rapporteur been and of referred Government and everyone in UN For Economic, priorities. which explicitly planning different the Special targets the fun- to UN 112 on he to a
Human Rights and the SDGs 29 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 30 Right to and ing access A/HRC/25/57, 24 §2. January2014, 115 Right to Safe DrinkingWater andSanitation, UNdocA/HRC/30/39, 5August 2015. food Social sustainably, 114 HRAndPost2015.pdf (last accessed 3December 2017). Sustainable Development, 113 twenty last the in bodies rights human UN and states by given food to right the for all to safe, nutritious and sufficient food, which correspond to the definition of SDG 2-related targets include ending hunger and malnutrition and ensuring access articulated inarticle11(1)oftheICESCRanddefinedbysubsequentpractice. is it as food adequate to right the of elements key three cover which agriculture, aims at achieving food security and improved nutrition and promoting sustainable mental right to be free from hunger enshrined in article 11(2) of the ICESCR. It also funda- the of realization the to corresponds hunger,which eradicate to is objective We can take another example, comparing SDG 2 with the right to food. SDG 2’s first To illustrate this convergence, he cited the example of SDG 6 and the right to water: water water Sanitation, According is Report Ibid, to and at ‘the Food, and quality andaffordableessentialmedicinesvaccines effective, safe, to access and housing, and hygiene sanitation, water, able ble and quality primary and secondary education, access to safe and afford- nutritious and sufficient food for all, universal health coverage, free equita- safe, to access on targets include goals The rights. those to related services of opportunityforpeople toenjoytherightwater. equality provides that management and supply water of system a to right theand supplies; water of contamination or disconnections arbitrary from free be to right the as such interference, from free be to right the water; to right the for necessary supplies water existing to access maintain to right address the key normative content of the right to water, which includes the targets These management). sanitation and water improving in munities com- local of participation the strengthen and support (to 6.b target and 2030) by scarcity water from suffering people of number the reduce tially substan- and scarcity, water address to freshwater of supply and drawals increase water-use efficiency across all sectors and ensure sustainable with- substantially (to 6.4 2030), by all for water drinking affordable and safe to access equitable and universal achieve (to 6.1 targets alia, by,inter panied sustainable management of water and sanitation and for all. The Goal availability is accom- the ensure to committed States Member 6, Goal [U]nder all and Cultural §10. right preserving times the sanitation. sanitation, Olivier UN to See UN of the to Rights, doc every Secretary-General sufficient, De also, former A/71/302, access Report Schutter, Léo supra individual, OHCHR, Position Heller, UN to of adequate fn food Special 5 the Final 56, August has Transforming OurWorld: HumanRightsinthe2030 Agenda for alone Paper, UN for §11. Report: on also Rapporteur Special future and the The 2016, or concluded http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/MDGs/Post2015/ culturally in Question The UN generations’. Rapporteur community §2; Special Transformative on Report that the acceptable of Rapporteur the right SDG with on of Report the Realization the 6 to others, covers Potential UN food Human food, of on Special the that the to Olivier the UN Rights in have of 114 main is human all Rapporteur Special the produced
De for all. Countries physical to elements Right Schutter, Safe rights Rapporteur to 113 Drinking and on and Food, to of of the the safe consumed Economic, economic the 115 right UN Human on Water drink rights doc the to - UNGA Res 70/1, supra fn3,§26. 118 Way, Working E/CN.4/2001/53, 12 Rights 117 Preface, Introduction, §16. Progressive Realization of theRightto Adequate Food intheContext of NationalFood Security, produced inasustainableway. is food that ensure and dignity in family their and themselves feed to need they resources natural the to access with them provide areas, rural in working people vulnerable most the on focus to need the law,i.e. rights human international in obligations states correlative and food to right the of elements key three to spond ural resources and ensuring sustainable and resilient food production. These corre- farmers, pastoralists and fishers, providing them with access to land and other nat- family peoples, indigenous women, rural of incomes and productivity ricultural 116 to law. According rights human international in defined been has it as health, to right the of elements main the cover targets related its and 3 SDG of content The effective, qualityandaffordableessentialmedicinesvaccines forall. universal achieving health coverage, including access to quality essential health-care and services and safe, services health-care reproductive and sexual to access universal ensuring health, mental promoting malaria, and tuberculosis AIDS, ing targets, 3-related SDG the which include reducing maternal mortality,and ending preventable child deaths, end- – ages all at all for well-being promote and lives healthy ensure to – 3 SDG adopted they practice, into commitments Tothese put states have expressedthefollowingcommitments: Agenda, 2030 the adopting In cite. can we example another is health to right The available, is food all. to accessible and adequate when realized is food to right the which, to according – years May
See Ibid. The Fightfor theRightto Food: Lessons Learned, London, Palgrave Macmillan,2011. Council 1999, Report in a majorchallenge forsustainabledevelopment. constitute which disorders, neurological and developmental behavioural, includingdiseases, non-communicable of treatment and prevention the to committed Weare countries. developing affecting diseases unattended of including by addressing growing anti-microbial resistance and the problem epidemics, and diseases communicable other and Ebola hepatitis, culosis, HIV/AIDS, malaria, fighting tuber- in made progress of pace the accelerate including for family planning, information and education. We will equally services, health-care reproductive and sexual to access universal ensuring ity by ending all such preventable deaths before 2030. We are committed to the progress made to date in reducing newborn, child and maternal mortal- quality health care. No one must be left behind. We commit to accelerating expectancy for all, we must achieve universal health coverage and access to life extend to and well-being, and health mental and physical Topromote See Rural §§6–8; also, Advisory of Areas), 7 the CESCR, February Report UN Committee UN Special General doc 2001, of A/HRC/19/75, the Rapporteur Comment §14; on UN 116 117 the Special Other SDG 2-related targets aim at improving ag- improving at aim targets 2-related SDG Other FAO, Advancement No on The Rightto Food: 24 the Rapporteur 12: February Right The Right to of 2012; Food, on the to the Adequate Rights J. supra Voluntary Guidelinesto Supportthe Right Ziegler, 118 fn of to 115; Food, Peasants C. Food, Golay, Final UN Jean Study doc C. and Mahon Ziegler, E/C.12/1999/5, Other of the and UN Human People 2004, S.-A. doc
Human Rights and the SDGs 31 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 32 122 121 fn 119, 11, §§4, 12,16,36. See also, OHCHRandWHO, The Rightto Health , supra fn 119, p3. Social ternational human rights instruments. in- other several and ICESCR the of 2(1) article in articulated is it as ESCR, realize the main elements of the obligation of international cooperation and assistance to cover they that conclude and SDGs other under targets many and 17 SDG analyse (SDGs 12,14and17). progress scientific of benefits the enjoy to right the to linked are which transfer, and innovation technology to related targets and heritage’, natural and cultural world’s the safeguard and ‘protect covered, to partially aims which very 11.4, target are through including example, for rights, Cultural covered. is ESCR ofeach element single every that conclude to impossible still is it ESCR, of elements main the cover targets 169 and SDGs 17 the that conclude However, can we while in theAnnexillustratesthiscloselinkbetweenSDGsandESCR. to Health, 119 covered. are elements main these as conclusions, similar reach to right the education (SDG 4), 1), the right to (SDG work (SDG 8) and security the right to social housing (SDG 11) to and right the of elements main the with gets tar- related and SDGs of content the compare and analysis Wethe continue could health to right the of elements key as defined also – health of determinants underlying the addresstargets related and SDGs manyother that underline to important It also is be available, accessible,acceptableandofgoodquality. must facilities and goods services, All information. and education health-related of provision the and services health basic to access timely and equal health; tive reproduc- and child maternal, medicines, essential to access diseases; of control enjoy the highest attainable level of health; the right to prevention, treatment and to everyone for opportunity of equality providing protection health of system to a right the include health to right the to attached entitlements definition, this 11) andenvironmentalconditions(SDGs12–15). (SDG hygiene and housing 8), (SDG conditions working 6), (SDG sanitation and water drinking 5), (SDG girls and women of empowerment and equality gender Kishore E/C.12/2000/4, 120 pdf (last accessed 3December 2017). cation. 123 2 June2017, §§3,19. Social andCultural Rights,supra fn56,§§37–38. See CESCR, For Report Report and Report Singh, also, a Fact Cultural definition 120 General the the Report of has, – including poverty (SDG 1) and hunger (SDG 2), education (SDG 4), (SDG education 2), (SDG hunger and 1) (SDG poverty including – Sheet 11 UN the UN August Rights, for of Secretary-General Secretary-General of Special Comment no the example, the 31, UN 2000, supra underlying 2008, Rapporteur Special No also fn §§11–17; pp 56, 14: Rapporteur concluded determinants 3–4, The on on §8. on OHCHR the the The http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/Factsheet31. Right the Question Question on that Right former 123 to the and The table on the SDGs and human rights SDG of the to Right health, the UN Education, of of Highest 4 Special covers World to the the Health, 121 see Realization Realization Attainable Health the CESCR, Rapporteur Kishore Dainius 119 main Organization General elements in in Singh, Pūras, Standard all all on Countries Countries the 122 Comment supra UN We could also could We of right doc of (WHO), the fn Health, A/HRC/35/24, 109, to of of right no education, Economic, Economic, The Right §7, 14, UN to 19–21. supra edu- doc 126 28MarchA/HRC/35/21, 2017. who Adequate April to 125 Social andCultural Rights,supra fn56,§13. noted also, Rapporteur Comment lic policiesaddressedinparitywithphysical health’. have figured more prominently in the SDGs, as ‘it should be a new priority in pub- 124 quality’. and ability availability,accept- accessibility,including requirements, health to right ‘critical health-care services, which should not only be universalized, but should also meet reproductive and sexual and services health-care essential to access emphasized have They targets. related and SDGs the in defined better been tohave could health right the of elements important that underlined also have DAW Committee CE- the and practice in and law in women against discrimination of issue the on right to health), Dainius Puras, the Chairperson-Rapporteur of the Working Group the on Rapporteur (Special health mental and physical of standard attainable est Specialhigh- UN the The of enjoyment the Rapporteurto everyone of right the on requiring statestoeliminatehomelessness,evenifthiswasnotstated explicitly. as 11.1 target SDG interpreted she which in 2016, March in Council Rights Human not referenced at all in goal 11’. goal in all at referenced not rights bodies in relation to the realization of the right to housing, yet these issues are human of concerns central been have … homelessness and evictions forced tenure, tural adequacy and accessibility, among others’. Furthermore, the ‘lack of security of cul- affordability,safety, as such housing, to right the to respect with norms rights human international to relates housing” affordable and safe “adequate, of standard the how however, clear, entirely not is ‘it but obligations’, rights human … to link a provides … it as important, is all for housing adequate to access to reference cific spe- ‘the Farha, Leilani For 2030. by slums’ upgrade and services basic and housing affordable and safe adequate, to all for access ‘ensure to committed they 11.1, target SDG through and sustainable’, and resilient safe, inclusive, settlements human and cities ‘make to committed states 11, SDG defining In SDGs. the in gaps other tified iden- Farha, Leilani housing, adequate to right the on Rapporteur Special UN The 127 informal settlements or to recognize allaspects of theirright to housing’.Ibid. in December 66. 2015, §§4, supra letter November Law target currently 2015, Report Report Report Report Report of that fn and the 76. 7.D No ‘the Standard 2014. §§77, on Chairperson-Rapporteur in the of of of On of of 22. live the Practice, reference the the the the the the UN See 83, The there, Right UN UN UN Millennium UN Secretary-General definition of 122(l). also, Right Special Special Special Special Living, the to to could 124 Joint Adequate upgrading See to For the UN Special Rapporteur, mental health could also could health mental Rapporteur, Special UN the For Special Rapporteur Sexual Rapporteur of Rapporteur be Development and also, Rapporteur Statement the subject Rapporteur of on Report Housing), right and slums, 126 on the the To help fill the gaps, she presented a report to the to report a presented she To gaps, the fill help the Reproductive on to Working on on to of of on without Right the the Goals, the sexual the the Question the UN Adequate on same Right Right Right Chairpersons UN doc to Group the failing specifying and Special Non-discrimination A/70/270, kinds to to of to Right Health, reproductive Health, on Housing Adequate the Health, to the of Rapporteur address to Realization criteria of UN ad Issue Health Dainius 4 125 Dainius the as hoc August doc
Housing, a of UN the or health, interpretations E/C.12/GC/22, Component and Discrimination on Pūras, referring Human Pūras, in in actual 2015, the all the this UN see supra Right Countries §33. UN CEDAW needs doc Rights to context also, of doc the to A/HRC/31/54, Leilani fn 2 as the Against CESCR, of May Health, 109, rights Treaty A/HRC/29/33, Committee, were of (UN residents Right Farha Economic, 2016. §8; of Women General applied Bodies, UN Special those to Open 127 also doc See 30 an of 3
Human Rights and the SDGs 33 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 34 implementation of the that targets is consistent with international human ensure rights law”. to critical be will it inconsistencies, or gaps are there ‘where and gets, tar- related and SDGs the by covered are ESCR which to degree the evaluate to tial essen- is it perspective, rights human a from SDGs the monitoring in conclusion, In vices, inheritanceandnaturalresources, inaccordancewithnationallaws’. access to ownership and control over land and other forms of property, financial ser- as well as resources, economic to rights equal women give to reforms ‘undertake to no one behind’. one no 128 vulnerable. most the reaching particularly MDGs, the In adopting the 2030 Agenda, states committed to achieve what was not realised by linkedtothehumanrightsprinciplescally ofequalityandnon-discrimination. intrinsi- are they and AgendaSustainableDevelopment, 2030 for the of centre the at are equality’ gender ‘achieve to and behind’ one no ‘leave to commitments The tar- gets. SDG the of realization the to contribute they that sure make to laws national their modify to encouraged be not will states that means which laws, national with Another problem is that some targets are limited by the requirements of consistency people. poorest the criminalizing risk practice in may plementation, im- of means specified without but, defecation open eliminate to aims which 6.2 tencies with human rights standards may be implicit, taking the example of target inconsis- cases, other in that noted have OHCHR and Secretary-General UN The mentation oftheSDGs. imple- the in prevented and anticipated be must effects unintended of kinds these the human race from the tyranny of poverty and want’ a world ‘in which every woman and girl enjoys full gender equality and all legal, all and equality gender full enjoys girl and woman every which ‘in world a met’, are vulnerable most the of needs the which in … inclusive socially and open 132 OHCHR,Transforming OurWorld, supra fn113. 131 See, e.g., JointStatement of theChairpersons of theUNHumanRightsTreaty Bodies,supra fn76. 130 Social andCultural Rights,supra fn56,§14;OHCHR,Transforming OurWorld, supra fn113. Ibid. 135 Ibid,Preamble. 134 UNGARes 70/1, supra fn3,§16. 133 Social andCultural Rights, supra fn56,§§15–19. 129 Social andCultural Rights,supra fn56,§13;OHCHR,Transforming OurWorld, supra fn113. D. Leaving No The 130 Report Report Report End This is, for example, the case with target 5.7, through which states committed the the the of UN UN UN Ine 135 Secretary-General Secretary-General Secretary-General They envisaged a world that would be ‘just, equitable, tolerant, equitable, ‘just, be would that world a envisaged They One qualit 129 Behind y and on on on the the the and Question Question Question Discrimina A chieving Gender of of of the the the Realization Realization Realization tion 134 133 and, in doing so, to ‘leave They committed ‘to free ‘to committed They in in in ? all all all Countries Countries Countries Equalit 128 For them,For of of of Economic, Economic, Economic, y: 132 131 en andgirlsastransversalprinciples applying toallSDGsandtargets: wom- all of empowerment the and equality gender recognized they Furthermore, disability orotherstatus’. guage, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth, mental freedoms for all, without distinction of any kind as to race, colour, sex, lan- funda- and rights human promote and protect respect, to Nations, United the of Charter the with conformity in States, all of responsibilities ‘the emphasized also Ibid, §74. 139 Ibid,§4. 138 Ibid,§19. 137 Ibid,§8. 136 first’. behind furthest the reach to ‘endeavour and society’ of segments all for are and peoples and targets nationals all for related ‘met and SDGs the that ensure to committed states Agenda, 2030 the adopting In fulfilled. and targeted are girls, and women including vulnerable, most the of needs the that sure make to aim targets related and SDGs Manyother veloping countries, in accordance with their national plans and programmes (10.9). oped countries, African countries, small island developing states and landlocked de- devel- least particularly greatest, is need where states to flows financial and tance assis- development official of encouragement the include targets related 10’s SDG countries, between inequality reduce To (10.3). regard this in action and policies legislation, appropriate promoting and practices and policies laws, discriminatory eliminating by including outcome, of inequalities of reduction the and portunity nicity, origin, religion or economic or other status (10.2), the guarantee of equal op- disability,sex, eth- age, race, of irrespective all, of inclusion political and economic social, the of promotion the include targets related its countries, within equality in- reduce To countries. between and within inequality reducing at aims 10 SDG women andgirlsatalllevels(5.9). laws and policies for the promotion of gender equality and the empowerment of all strengthen and adopt and (5.7) resources natural other and land over control and ownership to access as well as resources, economic to rights equal women give to reforms undertake (5.6); rights and health reproductive and sexual to access sal univer- ensure (5.4); protection social through including work, domestic and care unpaid value and recognize (5.3); mutilation and genital female early and marriage child, forced as such practices, harmful all eliminate (5.2); girls and women all against violence of forms all eliminate (5.1); everywhere girls and women all against discrimination of forms all end to aim targets Itsrelated girls. and women all empowering and equality gender achieving at aims 5 SDG discrimination. and inequality combat to designed specifically are – 10 SDG and 5 SDG – SDGs Two removed’. been have empowerment their to barriers economic and social and those furthest behind’, collecting disaggregated data to measure progress. measure to data disaggregated collecting behind’, furthest those and review processes that will ‘have a particular focus on the poorest, most vulnerable 137 138 They also committed to build follow-up and follow-up build to committed also They 136
They 139
Human Rights and the SDGs 35 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 36 crimination inthefollowingterms: 141 Ibid,§20. 140 20, No Comment General its In man RightsCouncil, Hu- the of President the For non-discrimination. and equality of principles rights human the with interlinked closely very are girls, and women all empower to as well equality,as gender achieve to and behind one no leave to commitments The doc E/C.12/GC/20, 2July2009, §§8–9. CESCR, General Comment No20: Non-Discrimination inEconomic, SocialandCultural Rights,UN 142 Documents/Issues/MDGs/Post2015/Contribution2016HLPF.pdf (last accessed 3December 2017) Rights Inputs Council tive intheimplementation oftheAgenda iscrucial. ment of men and boys. The systematic mainstreaming of a gender perspec- against women and girls will be eliminated, including through the engage- violence and discrimination of forms All levels. national and regional al, in relation to gender equality and the empowerment of women at the glob- institutions for support strengthen and gap gender the close to vestments in- in increase significant Wea levels. for all work at will decision-making as equal opportunities with men and boys for employment, leadership and well as participation political and resources economic education, quality man rights and opportunities. Women and girls must enjoy equal access to hu- full its denied be to continues humanity of half one if possible not is development sustainable of and potential human full of targets.achievement The and Goals the all across progress to contribution crucial a make will girls and women of empowerment the and equality gender Realizing will not ensure substantive equality as envisaged and defined by article by defined and envisaged as equality substantive ensure not will discrimination formal addressing Merely discrimination: Substantive securitybenefitsto social women onthebasisoftheirmaritalstatus; criminate on prohibited grounds; for example, laws should not deny equal dis- not do documents policy and laws constitution, State’s a that suring Formal eliminated bothformallyandsubstantively: be must discrimination kind, any of discrimination without exercised be will rights Covenant the that ‘guarantee’ to parties States for order In people whoarevulnerableandmustbeempowered. for outcomes and opportunities of equality substantive and formal for calls Agenda 2030 law,the rights human international Like … countries within and among discrimination and inequality addressing to proach ap - rights-based human the and approach behind’ left Agenda’sis one no 2030 that ‘ensuring the to between convergence strong a is [t]here from in Relation the iciiain Eiiaig oml iciiain eurs en- requires discrimination formal Eliminating discrimination: President to the of 2030 the Human Agenda 142 the CESCR defined formal and substantive dis- substantive and formal defined CESCR the Rights for Sustainable Council to Development, the 2016 HLPF: 140 141 p 1, The http://www.ohchr.org/ Work of the Human UNGA Res 70/1, supra fn3,§23. 144 Ibid. 143 the Agenda, statesmadethefollowing commitment: adopting In vulnerable. most the empowering and reaching at aims Agenda 2030 whole the that fact the in present is discrimination substantive against fight The to landownershipand/orcontrol’. rights equal women’s guarantees law) customary (including framework legal the where countries of ‘proportion the evaluate to aims which 5.7.2, target and sex’, of basis the on non-discrimination and equality monitor and enforce promote, to place in are frameworks legal not or ‘whether evaluate to aims includewhich 5.1.1, target discrimination formal combatting for targets of examples SDGs, the In or perpetuate substantive or de cause which attitudes and conditions the eliminate and diminish vent, parties must therefore immediately adopt the necessary measures to pre- paring the formal treatment of treatment formal com- the paring merely of instead prejudice persistent or historical suffer which individuals of groups to attention sufficient paying requires practice in discrimination Eliminating discrimination. of grounds prohibited the by characterized group a of member a is person a whether by fluenced in- often is rights Covenant of enjoyment effective The 2. paragraph 2, by terrorism. affected areas in and emergencies humanitarian complex by affected areas in living people of needs special the meet and support strengthen straints, actions, in conformity with international law, to remove obstacles and con- and measures effective further take to resolve We migrants. and persons displacedinternally indigenousand refugeespeoples, persons, older AIDS, HIV/with living people poverty), in live cent per 80 than more whom (of disabilities with persons youth, children, all include the Agenda in flected re- are needs whose Those empowered. Peoplebe must vulnerable are who accessing health-care facilities. accessing health-care in impairments sensory with persons of accommodation reasonable and minorities linguistic for services interpretation as such nature, manent per- a of be exceptionally,to may however,need measures positive Such discontinued when substantive when discontinued jective and proportional means to redress de facto discrimination and are ob- reasonable, represent they that extent the to legitimate are measures Such discrimination. perpetuate that conditions suppress or attenuate to measures special adopt to obligation an under are, cases some in and be, may parties States discrimination, substantive eliminate to order In livingininformalsettlementsandruralareas.children andpersons girl and women against discrimination overcome to help will sanitation haveindividuals all that ing housing,adequate to access equal andwater 144 143 facto equality has been sustainably achieved. sustainably been has equality individuals in similar situations. similar in individuals discrimination. For example, ensur- States
Human Rights and the SDGs 37 Human Rights and the SDGs 38 146 OHCHR,Transforming OurWorld, supra fn113. 145 stantive discrimination,inordertoachieveformalandsubstantiveequality. sub- and formal both fight states way the evaluate critically to and crimination, non-dis- and equality of principles the to equality’ gender ‘achieve to and behind’ one no leave ‘to a commitments the link to essential is from it perspective, rights human SDGs the monitoring in that underline to important is it conclusion, In and inpractice,theaimof2030Agenda law in women against discrimination of issue the on WorkingGroup UN the For For OHCHR: and WGcontributions_to_Post2015DevelopmentAgenda.pdf (last accessed 3December 2017). Empowerment in Statement Practice, role inshaping thehumandestiny. the lightofabuseswomen, butofempowermenttoplay afullandequal in necessary absolutely remains which victims, as women of protection of only not and … women of empowerment of talking Weare rewarded. erly which the equal contribution of women is recognised, facilitated and prop- in century a it make to systematically work to but General, Secretary the of words the women’in of century ‘the century 21st the call to only not is as thelack and of displaced persons” (para 35). However there refugeesare also major gaps of such status, migration of regardless migrants of treatment human sure that migration takes place with “full respect for human rights and the of Member States to welcome the positive contribution of migrants and en- commitment new important an is There 23). para (e.g. migrants and sons per- displaced internally and refugees peoples, indigenous persons, older HIV/AIDS, with living people disabilities, with persons youth, children, of inclusion the and issues, gender and girls and women on focus strong a is There kind. its of document international any of focus special given be to groups of list expansive most the perhaps includes agenda new The of A of Normative the Women,
of explicit referencetominoritiesandLGBTI. UN HRC’s Framework January Working 2015, for Group Achieving http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/Women/WRGS/ on the 146 Development Issue of Discrimination Goals for Gender Against 145 Equality Women and in Law the include strong accountability mechanisms, accountability strong include million people that the new agenda should be built on human rights and consistent with the obligations of states under international law,international under states of obligations the with consistent Human Rights and international human rights treaties; rights Humanhuman international and Rights of Declaration Universal the in grounded being Agenda 2030 the in lies so doing 147 work. own their in ESCR, realize to seek that those ing includ- SDGs, the of monitoring the including in proactive being from or HLPF, theparticular in SDGs, the monitor to established mechanisms the with engaging Yet, as we will see, these gaps do not preclude UN human rights mechanisms from work, their to and from formation in- of flow institutionalized and systematic a with SDGs, the monitor to gotiators of the 2030 Agenda to build a strong accountability framework ne- convince to mechanisms rights human UN by made efforts Despite ing to realize ESCR; realize to ing follow-up andreviewprocessesatalllevelsrespecthumanrights. states obligations under international human rights law, and the requirement that linked totheworkofUNhumanrightsmechanisms. explicitly not is and weak is Agenda 2030 the in established framework Bodies, supra mechanisms, accountability of Working Ibid,§46. 153 Ibid, §74.e. 152 Ibid, §18. 151 Ibid,Preamble. 150 UNGARes 70/1, supra fn3,§10. 149 Bodies, supra fn1. Statement 148 supra IN MONITORING information 5. THE ROLE OF UNITED NA See In fn fn supra May 83; Group 2; part of Joint Statement 2013, HUMAN RIGHTS the including fn of in 4.A on THA 1.; monitoring all Committee Statement the above. the Letter development Chairpersons SDGs, UN of 151 the sent See treaty the Agenda needing to be implemented in a manner that isthat manner a in implemented be Agendato needing the T SEEK progress. on supra of Chairperson also, to the the bodies all actors fn Rights DEVELOPMENT GO Joint of Chairpersons UN 78. Joint the Member should and Statement OHCHR of of 10 Statement Persons the special UN be THE SU CEDAW human States and TO REALIZE ESCR of 147 strengthened of procedures, the with the and the call made by more than a a than more by made call the and of the by rights Committee the CESSR, UN Disabilities the Chairpersons Chairpersons ME Human UN treaty 148 Who Will BeAccountable?, by as High the follow-up and review review and follow-up the monitoring engaging to bodies Rights on 150 the 149 Commissioner CHANISMS Sustainable of many of the SDGs seek- SDGs the of many The legitimacy of their of legitimacy The of T 8th the Treaty had the AINBLE international session mechanisms UN UN already 152 Human 153 Bodies, Human Development TIONS which includewhich of for argued the Human human Rights Rights supra supra and ALS UNGA that sources Rights, Treaty Treaty fn Goals, fn rights Open the 89. 76;
NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 39 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 40 Secretary-General 3 December 2017). http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=17107&LangID=E UN HighCommissioner for Human Rightsisavailable at be used where possible. where used be mechanisms reporting existing from information and data that requirement the platforms andprocessesbenefitfromtheactivesupportofUNsystem existing on build SDGs the of implementation the monitor to established cesses streaming 157 Ibid,§§84–85. 156 74(i), Ibid,§§48, 74(f). 155 Ibid,§46. 154 rights human UN that contributions the presents and and (1) mechanisms follow-up review these describes section This Agenda. 2030 the by established mechanisms review and follow-up with work their of result the share to forts 2016, February Since 2016, February In which theyhave includedexplicit referencestotheSDGsor2030Agenda. recommendations made by UN human rights mechanisms to UN Member States, in human UN rights mechanisms are of highlighted, in work sections B, C the and D, of emphasis is aspects placed on the relevant all A, section in While, ESCR. realize to seek that SDGs the monitoring in play can (D) bodies treaty and (C) procedures special (B), Council UN Rights the Human that role specific the emphasizes Itthen (A). Agenda 2030 the by established mechanisms review and follow-up with tion collabora- their describing by begins It ESCR. realize to seek that SDGs the toring moni- in play can mechanisms rights human UN that role the discusses part This HLPF, ties and intergovernmental bodies and forums to participate in the work of the SDGs; the of supporting achievement in the play to role key a has system UN the that acknowledgement da’s Agen2030 - the on engagement their base also can mechanisms rights human UN ance available totheSDGprogressreviews”. guid- of body that make to needed ‘urgently was work that and implementation’ cedures generate a wealth of recommendations that can help to guide the Agenda’s Hussein, stated that ‘[t]he Universal Periodic Review, treaty bodies, and Special Pro- 158 Follow-Up andReview attheGlobal Level, UNdoc A/70/684, 16January2016, §46. A shed nable . Coll abora Report In 156 February in human whichincludeUNhumanrightsmechanisms. Development of the the 2016, rights on UN Framework of Critical Secretary-General the tion in the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Zeid Ra’ad Al Ra’ad Zeid Rights, Human for Commissioner High UN the the Human UN human rights mechanisms have made significant ef significant made have mechanisms rights human UN Milestones, 155 UN with
The 2030 Agenda also encourages relevant UN enti UN relevant encourages also Agenda 2030 The system Rights 154 supra on the requirement that follow-up and review pro- review and follow-up that requirement the Council Monitoring Me to Critical the fn the 2030 devoted 157, Milestones §46. Agenda 2030 A 158 its The annual Towards and statement human high-level gend chanisms Es Coherent, 157 made rights. a for panel at Efficient See that discussion Report Sus occasion (last and t abli- t of on accessed Inclusive ai- the by main- the UN - -
practices andmutuallearning’. national cooperation in achieving [the 2030] Agenda and foster exchanges of best levels that will ‘promote accountability to [their] citizens, support effective inter- global and regional national, the at processes review and follow-up build to ted Ibid, §§78–79. 166 Ibid,§74(g). 165 Ibid,§74(e). 164 Ibid,§74(d). 163 Ibid,§74(a). 162 Ibid,§74(b). 161 Ibid,§73. 160 UNGARes 70/1, supra fn3,§72. 159 and otherstakeholders. drawing on contributions from indigenous peoples, civil society, the private sector progress made, with support from national parliaments and other institutions, and At national level, states are encouraged to conduct regular and inclusive reviews of which respects their universal, integrated and interrelated nature’. aim to ‘track progress in implementing the [SDGs] … in all countries in a manner will levels all at processes review and follow-up Agenda, 2030 the to According behind’. left is one no that ensure to Agendaorder [the] in implementing in progress track and maximize to countries help will and tion implementa- to contribution vital a make will framework review and follow-up integrated voluntary,participatory,and robust, effective, transparent ‘a that ing low-up and review of the implementation of the Agenda and the SDGs, recogniz- fol- systematic the in engage to committed states Agenda, 2030 the adopting In da’s sectiononfollow-upandreview. Monitoring mechanisms established by the 2030 Agenda are defined in the Agen - 1. F tributions tothe2016and2017HLPFmeetings(2). con their on emphasis particular with work, their to made have mechanisms they willbeguidedbyanumberofprinciples. Inparticular, they willbe: ollow-Up and · · · · graphic location and other characteristics relevant in national contexts geo- and disability status, ethnicity,migration race, age, sex, income, by disaggregated and timely,reliable high-quality,accessible, is which data Rigorous and based on evidence, informed by country-led evaluations and ticular focusonthepoorest,mostvulnerableandthosefurthestbehind People-centred, gender-sensitive, respecting human rights and having a par- reporting byallrelevantstakeholders supporting people, all for transparent and participatory inclusive, Open, pacities and levels of development and respecting policy space and priorities - ca realities, national different Voluntaryaccount into taking country-led, and Review 166 in the 160 2030 A gend 163 a 159 They havecommit- They 161 In doing so, 164 165 162 -
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 41 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 42 the DIHRandCESR, and contribute to follow-up and review at the global level, including at the HLPF. States have also agreed that regional processes will draw on national-level reviews re- commissions. regional UN from support with engage, to which in suitable forum gional most the identify to encouraged are states mecha- and underlined, review is and nisms follow-up regional existing on building of importance The 167 review to the HLPF. andfollow-up overseeing in AtAgendarole 2030 central the a level, gives global targets. shared on discussion and practices best of sharing reviews, voluntary gional levels can provide useful opportunities for peer learning, including through subre- and regional at review and follow-up that Agendarecognizes 2030 also The violations. rights development-related of victims for redress securing and for poor or uneven progress, uncovering patterns of inequality and discrimination on governments account to advising governments holding and monitoring implementation, SDGs, rights-centred the implementing at aimed plans national in rights human of inclusion the promoting including SDGs, the of implementation the support to play can NHRIs that role the described have (CESR) Rights Social and Economic for Center the and (DIHR) Rights Human for Institute Danish The role. key a play should (NHRIs) Institutions HumanRights National level, this At Its The Role of National Human Rights Institutions, December rights.dk/files/media/dokumenter/udgivelser/research/nhri_briefingpaper_may2015.pdf Ibid,§§47-82. 172 Ibid, §80. 171 Ibid,§81. 170 UNGA Res 70/1, supra fn3,§80. 169 of National HumanRightsInstitutions, DIHRand the CESR, 2015, p3. Rights, Germany’s 2016 Report to theHighLevel Political Forum : national 168 accessed 3December 2017). the_SDGs_relevant_for_Germany.pdf www.institut-fuer-menschenrechte.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/Weitere_Publikationen/Are_ monitoring SDGs withUNHumanRightstreaty bodyrecommendations provides important clues, activities S. Jensen, L.
level. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/10810DIMR%20Comments.pdf essential forthegoals’effectiveandequitableimplementation. absolutely be will mechanisms) and agencies UN partners; development and donors society; civil government; of departments and branches ferent (dif- sectors and actors of variety a between Collaboration agenda. opment the context of the ambitious and wide-ranging post-2015 sustainable indevel- important particularly is role This rights. across and society; civil and government between institutions; government different between spheres; national and international between – roles bridging unique play NHRIs B. 2017). of Jensen, include Corkery the See The SDGs German advocating A. German and Corkery as 172 well Donald, Realizing RightsThrough The Sustainable Development Goals: The Role Institute
The HLPF has been established on the basis of the UN Con- Institute and SDG-relevant for K. a for HRBA (last Donald, Realizing Rights Through The Sustainable Development Goals: for Human Human accessed in recommendations the Rights, Rights implementation DIHR 3 December ‘Are theSDGsrelevant for Germany?’ Comparing the is and an Comments by theGermanInstitute for Human example the produced 2017); CESR, of the of 2015, German an SDGs by NHRI UN pp in Institute human that Germany 3–5, includes October https://www.human rights for (last and 168 Human in mechanisms. 2015, at accessed its the work 167 Rights, http:// inter For For (last the 171 170 169 3 -
Ambitious and 178 ‘Strengthening Integration, Implementation andReview: The High-Level Political Forum After 2015’ (2015). Development Resolution 67/290, adopted in July 2013. July in adopted 67/290, Resolution Assembly General UN in defined been have aspects organizational and format Sustainable Development,whichhadheldannualmeetingssince1993. of its annual meetings and a political declaration at the end of its meetings orga meetings its of end the at declaration political a and meetings annual its of 177 Ibid,§§6(d)and7(g). 176 Ibid,§§6–7. 175 UNGARes 67/290, 9July2013. 174 See UNGARes 66/288,supra fn53, §§84-86. 173 SDGs. the of implementation the of reviews ular reg and thematic out carrying is HLPF ECOSOC,the the of auspicesUnder the challenges andfurtheractionsneededtoaccelerateimplementation. tify progress made in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda as well as emerging al take Assembly placewill also in 2019 and, it on will this need occasion, to iden Agenda2030 the of implementation SDGs. the the in and makers policy supportingfor base evidence strong a provide to scientists of group dependent Sustainable DevelopmentReport, published every four years and drafted by an in the by and SDGs, the of implementation the in made progress on eral level. al seeing the follow-up and review of the implementation of the SDGs at the glob Since the adoption of the 2030 Agenda, the HLPF became the central body over meetings weredevoted totheelaborationandfinalizationof the post-2015agenda. The first meeting of the HLPF took place in September 2013, and its 2013, 2014 and 2015 nized undertheauspices oftheGeneralAssembly. pices of the UN General Assembly. for two days every four years at head-of-state and government level under the aus (ECOSOC),and Council Social and Economic UN the of auspices the under seg ment, ministerial three-day a including annually, days eight for meets HLPF The WeWant.Future The document, outcome its of and 2012, June in Brazil, Janeiro, de Rio in place took that (Rio+20) Development Sustainable on ference Ibid, §§84–85.UNGARes 67/290, supra fn174, §§7(c),8. 181 UNGA Res 70/1, supra fn3,§87. 180 2016 HLPF meeting focused on the principle of ensuring that no one will be will one no that ensuring of principle the on focused meeting HLPF 2016 meeting. The next HLPF meeting organized under the auspices of the UN Gener first (Annex), 29July2016, ing guidance Sustainable 179 challenges faced by developed and developing countries aswell asnew andemerging issues. Ibid, §82. of Relationship The UNGA Ibid, will be presented to the 2019 HLPF 2019 the to presented be will Global Sustainable Development Report experiences, and themes 178 §83. Post-2015 Res Development The HLPF is informed by an annual report of the UN Secretary-Gen UN the of report annual an by informed is HLPF The Agenda’ recommendations See 70/1, of with including also, these supra Development (2013), the 7.§§3, 4, , Annex Global meetings Sustainable fn successes, ‘Achieving 3, for to §§47, Sustainable the follow-up, Agenda, were Ministerial challenges 82–91. the Development ‘Building 175 Millennium Including focusing It adopts a Ministerial declaration at the end Development The Declaration and the 2030 174 on the lessons Future Goals Development It replaced the UN Commission on Commission UN the replaced It the Agenda Sustainable Report: assessment of Progress We learned, 176 181 the mandates Want: The thematic review at theat review thematic The 2016 Goals Scope, Development and Report, From of High-Level and progress, provide the Frequency, Rio+20 Charting UN HLPF political doc Goals’ Political achievements to to 180 E/HLS/2016/1 the facilitate the Methodology (2014) leadership, way Post-2015 Forum 179 Global 173 for The shar Its Its and and 177 on an ------
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 43 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 44 Honduras, accessed 3December 2017). Uruguay Netherlands, Botswana, place development. sons 187 un.org/vnrs (last accessed 3December 2017). non-governmental sustainable and a Stakeholders’, 186 mgos (last accessed 3December 2017). Mexico, 185 UNGARes 70/1, supra fn3,§84. 184 Critical Milestones, supra fn157, Annex. ommendations tohelpthembetterimplement theSDGs. Knowing that SDG 17 (global partnership) will be reviewed annually,reviewed be will partnership) (global 17 SDG that Knowing asso the local try, lines 183 UNGARes 70/299, 29July2016, §§2–5. 182 meeting, HLPF 2016 the at SDGs the of implementation the on VNRs presented countries Twenty-two with VNRs present that states provide not does HLPF the However,meeting. the of synthesis or report the and Declaration Ministerial the ties, civil society and the private sector can also participate, States. Member UN by prepared (VNRs) reviews national The regular reviews of the implementation of the SDGs are based on voluntary ciated SDGstobereviewedindepthduringtheseHLPFmeetingsare: reviews atthe2017,2018and2019HLPFmeetingsshould focuson: thematic the that decided Assembly General UN the 2016, July In behind. left Togo, groups and other relevant stakeholders’. relevant other and groups VNRs are then mentioned in the outcome documents of the HLPF meeting, i.e.meeting, HLPF the of documents outcome the in mentioned then are VNRs meeting.HLPF the during peers its with it discuss and it present to minutes 30 platform the other · · · · · · and These communities, Ibid. These In for Turkey, in Montenegro, 2016, scientific and SDGs 4,8,10,13and16(2019) SDGs 6,7,11,12and15(2018) SDGs 1,2,3,5,9and14(2017) Empowering people andensuringinclusivenessequality(2019) Transformation (2018) towardssustainableandresilientsocieties povertyandpromotingprosperityinachangingworldEradicating (2017) Rio persons Voluntary Like India, relevant Brazil, countries countries development. for Zimbabwe. de Uganda Nigeria, the Sustainable its These partnerships Indonesia, Janeiro Chile, predecessor, with UN and volunteer stakeholders organizations, Morocco, are National are Secretary-General and Panama, major disabilities, technological Costa Their Afghanistan, China, in See Venezuela. Development Italy, 1992 groups VNRs groups with Rica, Norway, Agenda Reviews 186 Colombia, the Peru, Japan, in 43 countries did so at the 2017 HLPF meeting HLPF 2017 the at so countriesdid 43 who to local Cyprus, nine can the UN and Argentina, community represent facilitate Their 21, Philippines, Portugal, Commission be have framework Jordan, made (VNRs) major authorities, foundations, Knowledge Egypt, Chapters accessed Czech VNRs also a Kenya, groups Azerbaijan, Estonia, broad first at 182 Qatar, women, been Republic, can and Republic of 23-32. the at on 185 proposal Platform, workers migrants the https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/vnrs be Luxembourg, invited farmers. participation Sustainable Each state that prepares a VNR has VNR a prepares that state Each identified HLPF. Finland, Slovenia, accessed 2030 Regarding children Bangladesh, Denmark, of for Korea, to and Report https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/ and France, Agenda, Other participate voluntary Sweden, since trade at their Malaysia, and Development, Samoa, the in El https://sustainabledevelopment. of relevant Belarus, Georgia, Salvador, UN the families, participation youth, see unions, the 183 common Tajikistan, country-specific rec- country-specific in activities Sierra Earth 184 ‘Major UN Maldives, Relevant UN enti UN Relevant UN Belgium, as well as ‘major Germany, stakeholders indigenous Secretary-General business Ethiopia, as processes Leone, the Summit Groups well reporting of on Thailand, Monaco, HLPF major Belize, as Madagascar, Switzerland, sustainable and Guatemala, and older that related provides peoples, 187 include groups guide indus Nepal, Benin, Other and Togo, took (last per on to - - - - -
190 supra fn157, §§79-80. Report out VNR_Synthesis_Report_ver3.pdf Voluntary Reviews, of 17035Compilation_of_Main_Messages_from_2017_VNRs.pdf Reviews: Compilation of MainMessages, President’s Summaryof 2017 HPLF, Ibid, pp99and106. 193 HPLF, 2017 Voluntary National Reviews ,supra fn190, p115. 192 UNDepartment of Economic andSocialAffairs, 2016 Synthesis, supra fn190, 59. §§14, 191 ments/16673HLPF_2017_Presidents_summary.pdf (last accessed 3December 2017). learned. ‘[e]xperiences Kiribati, to 2018 Niger, Colombia, so againin2018. so do also will and 2017 in VNRs prepared Uruguay TogoQatar,and while 2018, in again so do will and 2016 in VNRs prepared Switzerland and Mexico Egypt, of the 2030 Agenda in Sweden and in the world the in and Sweden in Agenda 2030 the of implementation the for prerequisite a is rights human of enjoyment full girls’ 188 Sweden,2017, In that stated example, for Germany, Norway andSamoa. France, Finland, others, among by, highlighted been has behind one no leave to efforts international and national in HRBA a adopt to need the and SDGs, the and instruments rights human international between overlap the of importance the underlined example,In for Switzerland, and Mexico Georgia, Finland,SDGs. Estonia, 2016, the of implementation the to rights human of protection and tion behind. left are who those target and SDGs the implement to needed frameworks policy and lative meeting. 2018 the at so do will 48 Member development, humanrightsandmultilateralismembodiedintheAgenda. reporting exercise, as it testified Portugal’s strong commitment to the sustainable a just than more much was VNR its that stated it and dimension, rights human strong Europeana the integrating Unionby on taken (EU) position common the role that it played in drafting the 2030 Agenda, including in the establishment of In 2016 and 2017, VNRs focused on the establishment of institutional, legis institutional, of establishment the on focused VNRs 2017, and 2016 In 189 National Reviews, 14September 2017. Slovakia, and enable Economic reviews Vietnam. The In HLPF: HLPF Paraguay, of September Lao As States, Spain, 2030 all the Dominican Executive Albania, the at countries People’s Letter and HLPF from the Agenda 2030 Sri informing Poland, high-level Social Lanka, 2017, 2016 existing https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/127761701030E_2016_ Andorra, from Summaries 189 Agenda Republic, Democratic to does
the learn the Session, Affairs, Qatar, State 190 them mechanisms not political President Armenia, President In their reviews, a number of states linked the promo the linked states of number a reviews, their In is from provide of a Ecuador, (last that Republic of Division UN universal Republic, Palestine, Voluntary the forum’. 191 the doc accessed Australia, pp of of details process suggest following the ECOSOC E/HLPF/2016/8, Egypt, of 12–13, for https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/ agenda, Latvia, Report Sudan, the Economic 188 National Sustainable on Bahamas, 3 over It is interesting to note that Colombia, that note to interesting is It Greece, Congo, that https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/docu the to December countries Lebanon, of all Switzerland, the time periodicity ‘ gender equality and all women’sall and equality gender and it the Reviews, countries and is Member Romania, Guinea, Bahrain, 16 and UN important Development, (last Social have August ’ Lithuania, 2017); . Secretary-General 192 to UN of would accessed Togo, States identify Portugal recalled the active the recalled Portugal Council Hungary, Benin, VNRs. committed Saudi doc 2016, to HPLF, United be Regarding have E/HLPF/2016/7, Mali, For Bhutan, 2016 Synthesis of National trends, (ECOSOC) Arabia, expected 3 §§93–116; Iceland, 2017 Voluntary National the December regular Malta, to Arab on UN patterns present Cabo Senegal, the Critical sent Secretary-General, Emirates, to Ireland, Mexico, reviews UN 2018 Verde, regularly 13 a 2017); VNRs Department and letter Milestones, Singapore, July Voluntary Namibia, Jamaica, 193 Uruguay in Canada, lessons at 2016; to HLPF, order carry the UN - -
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 45 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 46 references German that 196 Federal Government to theHLPFonSustainable Development 2016, supra 17, pp8,14, fn194, 35,56. no mechanisms HLPF, President’s Summaryof 2017 HPLF,supra fn190, pp12–13, 199 Report of theHLPF2016 Session, supra fn190, §§93–116. 198 Promoting Prosperity inaChangingWorld’, UNdocE/2017/L.29–E/HLPF/2017/L.2, 14July2017, §23. 197 Rights, ‘Are theSDGsrelevant for Germany?’, supra fn167. accountability Germany, doc states with country-specific recommendations o under review receive numerous recommendations to better protect and pro and protect better to recommendations numerous receive review under states which of end the at mechanisms, rights human UN by reviews periodic mentation oftheSDGs. imple- its in gaps fill to government the havecouldhelped this though even VNR, it expressedconcernthatGermany didnotmentiontheserecommendationsinits Germany,to mechanisms rights human UN by addressed recommendations when mentioned in the report of the 2016 HLPF meeting HLPF 2016 the of report the in mentioned ness companies abroad. busi- German of activities the to relation in as well as cooperation, international through and Germany in SDGs the implementing in obligations rights human its 194 30 – HLPF the at state each for review the of duration The rights. human mote VNRs. their of presentation the after states to given is guidance specific no that fact the by reinforced is weakness This mechanism. monitoring independent an by scrutiny to subject not and voluntary are reviews national that fact the in lies mechanism monitoring a as HLPF the of weaknessthe that said be can it meetings, HLPF 2017 and 2016 the of basis the On dent’s Summary ofthe2017HLPFmeeting. meetings. HLPF 2017 and 2016 the of end the at adopted Declarations Ministerial the in mentioned briefly were VNRs The rights. political and and civil women and girls of rights the sanitation, and water work, health, food, to rights the and SDGs the between made links explicit the and VNR, the in obligations rights ny’s VNR, it welcomed the inclusion of numerous references to Germany’s human man Rights. In its contribution to the 2016 HLPF meeting, commenting on Germa- Hufor - Institute German the – HLPF the to contribution a sent NHRI one Atleast 195 accessed 3December 2017). 2016, or could, take to more effectively implement the SDGs, also, national E/HLS/2016/1, ‘[h]uman Report German Ministerial German German https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/10686HLPF-Bericht_final_EN.pdf Institute for to indicator of ‘have its Institute example, rights Institute in Institute the Declaration obligations the for repeatedly German §17; are adoption Human on for for stated for a Ministerial this Human guiding Human Human Federal to of Rights 196 195 highlighted issue that of regulate the The German Institute for Human Rights also referred to Rights, measures principle Declaration Rights, Rights, dialogue 2016 Government has took the been Germany’s 2016 Report to theHLPF, the HLPF violence Germany’s 2016 Report to theHLPF, of Germany’s 2016 Report to theHLPF, impact aimed 194 with German example established’. of It also welcomed Germany’s recognition of recognition Germany’s welcomed also It on The fact that the HLPF does not provide not does HLPF the that fact The to the various against at the of the 2017 implementing German development of Theme HLPF 199 violence women stakeholders HLPF Ibid. on companies 197 ‘Ensuring n the measures that they should, Sustainable on See They were also very briefly very also were They as against policy’. the the an 198 contrasts sharply with the also, was issue Theme SDGs and in the HLPF Presi HLPF the in and that abroad. women, German Furthermore, key Development supra to no in ‘Eradicating tackle Germany. to one supra supra Report fn as ensure Institute is 167, in UN fn left fn it Germany, of p human 167, made 2016, It 167, rights-based Poverty 1. the behind’, also for In p p German its Human several 12 2. stated 1. rights [but] VNR, (last July and The See UN - - forum, withthedecision onwhetherandhow to contribute leftto those forums’. Ibid,§47. modify mention human rights at all. at rights human mention Human RightsCouncil (withitsspecialprocedures)andUNtreatybodies. UN the include entities these that underlined Secretary-General UN then the 200 ofinput the includes involvement This 2017. and 2016 in HLPF the of work the to contributed have mechanisms rights human UN opportunity,Takingseveral this reviews. thematic its in as well as SDGs, the of implementation the onreviews annual HLPF the in participate to forums and bodies governmental inter and entities UN relevant encourages Agenda 2030 the seen, have we As 2. The human rightsinstruments. international including instruments, agreed internationally other Agendaand 2030 the between coherence ensure to need the of understanding unequivocal an was there that and (health), 3 SDG and security) (food 2 SDG of mentation plained that the need to follow a HRBA was underlined in relation to the imple ex he when rights, human to references three made President HLPF’s the ing, Agenda. 2030 the from taken language agreed used Declarations Ministerial the in included rights to human references few the cases, most In mechanisms. rights human UN of work meetings only included few references to human rights and no reference to the It is also worth noting that the outcome documents of the 2016 and 2017 HLPF not far by is HLPF the that is say can one least The UPR. Council’s Rights Human the at viewed by UN treaty bodies, and the 3 hours given to each state being reviewed minutes – is also short, compared with the 6 hours given to each state being re ods oftheUPRHuman RightsCouncil. meth- working the on Agenda,based 2030 the of negotiation the during proposed added 205 UNGARes 70/1, supra fn3,§§84-85. 204 HLPF, President’s Summaryof 2017 HPLF,supra fn190, pp2,7. 203 Report of theHLPF2016 Session, supra fn190. 202 Prosperity inaChangingWorld’, supra fn197, 6,17. §§1, 4, 17 197, §§4, 201 Section 5.B.1 below. High-Level UN Ministerial Report Open special that a Contribution forum’s 7, contributing 8; letter of the ‘Sustainable Development Council’ that UN special procedures hadprocedures special UN ‘Sustainablethat Council’the Development procedures Ministerial the Political Declaration mandate from UN Secretary-General to special Declaration mandate-holders, the or of of governance. F HLPF the procedures orum UN Human 2016 review 203 of 201 202 the HLPF on All The report of the 2016 HLPF meeting did not did meeting HLPF 2016 the of report The And, in his summary of the 2017 HLPF meet HLPF 2017 the of summary his in And, ‘does 2017 Critical mandate-holders supra forums on Rights Me not HLPF the Milestones, fn imply will Theme 38. on be On 200 the or invited ‘Ensuring the create Theme supra of chanisms to working the to a fn UN ‘Eradicating formal contribute that 157, HRC, methods §46. no reporting one supra the The to Poverty is of the UN left fn W the link high-level 70. Secretary-General behind’, ork of HRC’s and to 204 Statement the In 2016, In Promoting UPR, forum supra political the 205 see by or fn - - - - -
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 47 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 48 Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=20262 should quences andPavel Sulyandziga from theWorking Group onBusiness andHumanRights. drinking debt Rapporteur mandate-holders solidarity; Special recd%202016-May-16.pdf abledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/10192CEDAW%20contribution%20to%20HLPF%20 211 un.org/content/documents/16641OHCHR.pdf (last accessed 3December 2017). 208 accessed 3December 2017). content/documents/14537Comm_on_the_Elimination_of_Discrimination_vs_Women_(CEDAW).pdf_(last quate of Inputs from thePresident of theHumanRightsCouncil to the2016 HLPFmeeting, supra fn141. 209 December 2017). tent/ 207 bution%202016-May-26.pdf (last accessed 3December 2017) . abledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/10323Human%20Rights%20Treaty%20Bodies%20contri the 2017 HLPF meeting. HLPF 2017 the HLPF meeting of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD) to the 2017 2016 HLPF meeting. HLPF 2016 210 206 and theHLPF. For humanrightstreatybodies, ex- mechanisms rights Agenda2030 the with interaction two-way a promote to human wanted they that plained UN HLPF, the to sent they contributions the In meeting, HLPF 2016 the to bodies treaty rights human UN excluded groups firstthecompassintheirdeliberations. most the reach to promise explicitAgenda’s 2030 the make should meeting HLPF the to participants all that and behind’ left is right human no equally be if only realised can behind left is one no that ensure to ‘commitment the that derlined un- they which in meeting, HLPF 2016 the of beginning the at statement a issued the CEDAW Committee to the 2016 and 2017 HLPF meetings, HLPF 2017 and 2016 CEDAWthe the to Committee ‘Eradicating documents/14579OHCHR_Comm_on_the_Elimination_of_Racial_Discrimination.pdf Statement on OHCHR, Contributions housing; Contribution Contribution be Rapporteur human water relevance tothework oftreatybodies… particular of therefore and implementation treaty to related closely itself dition, the information relating to national implementation of the SDGs is ad- In implementation. SDG on progress track help to data of source made ready- a provides therefore and SDGs the of implementation the to related closely is process reporting the through gathered treaties of plementation [o]n the one hand, the significant amount of information relating to the im- left Dubravka on Input behind, Philip Poverty the and issued rights; who 208 right from of on sanitation; of of Šimonović, and the input of the President of the Human Rights Council to the Alston, and the issued by indigenous and CERD the Dainius to a 209 10 no child (last UN food; Promoting CEDAW Special A contribution on child rights was also sent by OHCHR to OHCHR by sent also was rights child on contribution A UN human this to 210 human Virginia accessed Pūras, rights Special special the Juan It is also worth noting that ten UN special procedures special UN ten that noting worth also is It statement peoples; Rapporteur Committee right 2017 perspective Special Pablo rights Prosperity Dandan, procedures Rapporteur 3 (last ignored’, December Léo HLPF were Bohoslavsky, treaty accessed Rapporteur on to Independent Heller, in to Leilani meeting, extreme 12 the mandate a bodies on the Changing 2017)and July 2016 Special 3 violence 2017 Farha, December 2016, Independent on poverty to https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/con holders, and Expert HLPF the the Rapporteur World’, https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/ Special http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/ against right 2017 2016 on and 2017). on 2030 Sustainable 211 https://sustainabledevelopment. to Rapporteur human Expert HLPF human women, HLPF 206 health; The on Development two contributions of contributions two meetings, the 207 10 on rights; meeting, rights the contribution the its UN Victoria the human Development on causes special Hilal effects and (last the https://sustain https://sustain Goals: rights Tauli-Corpuz, Elver, international right accessed and procedures of ‘No to Review foreign Special to conse- ade- safe one 3
HLPF thematic and country reviews’, the to both contribute could Council the which through avenue ‘important an as 212 enforced suffering people and workers migrant detention, in persons minorities, racialand ethnic national, indigenouspeoples, disabilities, with persons children, women, including behind, left often are who persons of rights the protecting ties trea- monitor them of several that and non-discrimination, and equality promote to mandates strong have all they that underlined bodies treaty rights human UN their work inrelationtothisprinciple. For thehumanrightstreatybodies, of importance the underlined and review), thematic meeting’s 2016 the of theme (the behind’ left is one no that ‘ensuring of principle the on information provided mechanisms rights human UN HLPF, the of meeting 2016 the to inputs their In progress. SDG of review the to relevance immediate its HLPF,given the to available evidence make of could body rich it its how explore to occasion an was this that and rights, human and Agenda 2030 the between links the to system UN the in rights human streaming main- on discussion panel high-level annual its devoted Council Rights Human the 2016, February in that explained Council Rights Human the of President The coverage andequaltreatmentofallStates’: universal promotes process UPR action-oriented and State-driven governmental, 213 See also, Contribution of CERDto the2017 HLPFmeeting, supra fn208, p2. Contribution of theUNhumanrightstreaty bodiesto the2016 HLPFmeeting, supra fn206, p9. 217 Ibid. 216 Ibid. 215 Ibid,p9. 214 Inputs Contribution voluntary HLPFcountry presentations. their for preparing when process UPR the through generated the information to referring consider also could countries addition, In review. matic the- its for … recommendations and review UPR the of outcomes the upon draw could HLPF The … information of source can comprehensive a Review as Periodicserve Universal the development, to right the including rights, cultural and social economic, political, civil, all cover that dations With its country, UN system and stakeholder reports as well as recommen- the between treaties andtheSDGs. complementarity ensuring to view a with interaction way two- this deepening and consolidating to committed remain Treatybodies cooperation inthefuture. this of deepening the to forward look bodies treaty regard, this In Forum. tarity between work between tarity principle of ensuring that no one is left behind, highlights the complemen- the including SDGs, the and treaties rights human between link clear [t]he from the of the President UN human of the 213
rights of treaty bodies and that of the High Level Political Level High the of that and bodies treaty of 212 Human He also described the Human Rights Council’s UPRHuman Council’s the Rights described He also treaty 217 Rights 214 bodies
underlining that ‘[l]ike the HLPF, the inter- Council 215 to the 216 to 2016 the 2016 HLPF HLPF meeting, meeting, supra supra fn 206, fn 141, pp 1–2. p 3.
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 49 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 50 er thoseleftbehindwhoarenotreferredtoexplicitly inthe2030Agenda: Ibid, pp2–3. 223 Contribution of theCEDAW Committee to the2016 HLPFmeeting, supra fn207, p1. 222 Ibid,p3 221 Ibid,p2. 220 Ibid,pp4–7. 219 Ibid,p1. 218 behind”’. left is one no that Committee’s “ensuring of principle the the of implementation of the in importance expertise the underlines mandate, its through acquired Committee since its establishment in 1982 in relation to women and development the of experience vast the with together CEDAW Convention, the of ratification universal CEDAWalmost the ‘[t]he contribution, that its explained In Committee 2015 and 2016. in examined had they that reports 105 of review the on based behind, left are who UN human rights treaty bodies also provided an assessment of the situation of those disappearance. ment. develop- economic of patterns dominant and practices customary harmful norms, social discriminatory inequalities, entrenched including rights, their realize to ty abili- their and lives daily women’s shape that factors identify CEDAW, can to it based approach indevelopmentpoliciesandprogrammes. rights- a include and assistance development for income national gross of percent 0.7 of target the meet they that countries developed to made requests presented Furthermore,labourinspectorates. and disabilities with persons theyof rights the of protection the for mechanisms national children’sombudspersons; women; of building of strong institutions, including national machinery for the the advancement participation; and consultation of promotion the data; disaggregated of tion collec- the floors; protection social including services, to of access and work promotion decent the non-discrimination; and equality ensure to policies and including laws 2016, and 2015 in States Member UN to recommendations made had 223 even ifnotexplicitly mentionedintheAgenda. behind, left being of risk at be also might persons homeless and persons missing situation, irregular an in workers migrant seekers, asylum ugees, 2030 Agenda, others, such as Roma, nomadic people, and LGBTI people, ref- the in expressly to referred are people some While open-ended. as sidered con- be should behind left being of risk at are who individuals bodies, ty trea- of experience the In them. include expressly not does development of process the if behind left being risk who individuals many are [T]here women; the conditions and type of work in paid employment; the burden the employment; paid in work of type and conditions the women; against violence based gender and stereotypes sexual of impact the stance, in- for equality, gender to related 2030 Agenda the of targets other the in and 5 SDGs the in considered indicators the of many include factors these For theCommittee, 222 It also explained that, based on its work with the 189 States Parties States 189 the with work its on based that, explained also It 220 218 In their input, they underlined that it was important to also consid- They also presented a number of relevant areas in which they which in areas relevant of number a presented also They 221 219 227 Ibid,p8 226 Ibid,pp4–5. 225 Ibid,p2. 224 one isleftbehindandthatthosefurthestaretargeted first. no that ensure to how on Council Rights Human the of work the from drawn be In his input, the President of the Human Rights Council described lessons that can and human rights associations in the implementation and monitoring of the SDGs: women’sof participation the for call strong a made CEDAW also The Committee the positionexpressedbyCommitteeontheseissues. that it is crucial to ensure that implementation of SDG target 5.6 is consistent with LGBTIto reference explicit of lack the and 5.6) targetIt minorities. explainedthen (SDG rights and health reproductive and sexual emphasized and standards, rights human with compared SDGs, the in gaps CEDAWidentified The also Committee Inputs HIV and sexual orientation or gender identity minorities (and especially (and minorities identity gender or orientation sexual and HIV placed persons, children, youth, older persons, slum dwellers, persons with vulnerability,of tions dis- and stateless migrants, disabilities, with persons situa- in groups peoples, indigenous minorities, or castes ethnicities, ular partic- from people that discrimination of forms intersecting and multiple the identify to helped has Council Rights Human the work, its Through women andgirls. of situation the on conflicts armed of impact the least not is but last and incomes and body own labor,their women’s over caring control unpaid of and societal genderand societal norms. structures patriarchal deep-rooted the challenging on work their to due face may they violence and intimidation, threats, gender-specific from ed protect- are WHRDs and CSOs that ensure should institutions ternational in- and National behind. left is one no ensure to order in 2030 Agenda the implementing for priority a be should programs and policies relevant of monitoringand development the in participation meaningful their suring en- by including WHRDs, and (CSOs) organizations] society [civil of work peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development. Enabling the poverty, protecting the environment, reducing inequalities, and promoting ending as such framework, development new the of goals other all across could be strategic in advancing not only SDG 5 on gender equality, but also it and violations rights human combatting on role critical a plays ciations - asso rights human and women’s of work The (WHRDs). defenders rights institutions and civil society organizations, including the women’s human against and violence national and international between partnership strong a discrimination requires women to fight the experience, our From from the President 224 of the
Human 226 Rights Council to the 2016 HLPF 225 meeting, 227 supra fn 141, p 3.
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 51 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 52 228 workunpaid care onwomen’s equality. of impact the address to need the and bodies, decision-making in representation low and justice to access low discrimination, poverty,as to womensuch demning con- factors structural the on focus prosperity,to promote need and the including poverty eradicate to conditions of number a identified CEDAWCommittee The review). thematic meeting’s 2017 the of theme (the prosperity of promotion the and eradication poverty to relation in work their on information provided CERD CEDAWthe and meeting, Committee HLPF the to contributions their in 2017, In poverty; victimsoffinancialandeconomiccrisisunemployed people. crimination; indigenous peoples; persons with disabilities; dis- those living in extreme gender-based of victims attention; special requiring children Roma; people; intersex and LGBT discrimination; caste-based to subject people Descent; African of people albinism; with persons status; migration their of regardless migrants, minorities; linguistic and religious ethnic, intolerance; related and belief or gion reli- of basis the on violence xenophobia, discrimination, racial racism, of victims of rights the protect and discrimination of forms different combat to procedures special its and Council HumanRights the of work the of account detailed more a gaveCouncilHuman Rights the of President the contribution, his to annex the In of the private sector in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda. engagement responsible of promotion the as well as data, disaggregated of lection col- the for and all for services basic other and education protection, social health, to access securing for calls participation; equal and effective full, of promotion the education; rights human of promotion the justice; criminal and enforcement law of strengthening and justice to access of promotion the discrimination; combat to programmes and policies laws, of implementation and adoption the for calls clude in- These States. Member UN to recommendations making by including ination, discrim- of forms multiple these to responded Council Rights Human the which through work of areas presented then Council HumanRights the of President The human rightsdefenders,terrorismandviolentextremismclimatechange. against reprisals and intimidation of acts in rise the including threats, emerging Hayashi, 229 GA70_Ms%20Hayashi.pdf (last accessed 3December 2017). http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/CEDAW/StatementsChair/ThirdCommitteeStatement_ the UNGeneral Assembly (CEDAW andtheSDGs),12October 2015, gathered of and Contribution of theUNCEDAW Committee to the2017 HLPFmeeting, supra fn207, pp 2–7.232 Ibid, pp12–22. 231 Ibid,pp6–8. 230 pp 3–8. view the mechanisms, framework Ibid, Inputs CEDAW Chairperson, the challenges ofovercomingdiscrimination. to attention drawn has and faced often have groups) these within women and p 3. from acted Committee In for is a the statement systematically the upon Committee President implementation underlined by the made of on CEDAW included the before the that Human of Elimination in Committee, the in the order the SGDs, Rights UN 232 follow-up to General It underlinedthat of UN ensure Council as Discrimination Member well Assembly and an to as review effective, the States by 228 2016 other in Against of should October the inclusive HLPF human 229 SDGs. Women, ensure meeting, He also identified 2015, rights and Statement that the 70th transparent treaty supra Chairperson information 231 Session by fn bodies 230 Yoko 141, re- of 238 Parties Honduras, 2015 237 Malaysia was theonlystate not party to ICERD thatsent aVNRto the2017 HLPFmeeting. 236 Ibid,p2. 235 Ibid,p9. 234 Ibid,p5. 233 descen- Afro and Mayan Belgium, in situation irregular an in migrants including exclusion, social and poverty of risk at particularly groups identifying by started it groups, and individuals different to relation in and states across ways different in itself manifests discrimination racial that Explaining 2016. and 2012 between states 26 these of reviews its from derived issues of number a highlighted CERD ERD. IC- to PartiesStates were 42 Agenda, 2030 the implementing in made progress on HLPF the to VNRs presenting were that states 43 the among that explained CERD the on focusing meeting, States Parties to ICERD that the HLPF Committee had examined between 2012 and 2016. 2017 the for VNRs prepared had that states the to review thematic meeting’s the of theme the applied then it way, creative a In povertyandeliminatingracialdiscrimination:eradicating between relationship the of importance the underlined CERD contribution, its In partnerships onpovertyreductionandthepromotionofgender equality. CEDAWThe private-publicof impact the about HLPF the warned also Committee CERD to the2017 HLPFmeeting, supra fn 208, p2. Belarus, Italy, 237 236 to and5hadbeenexaminedin2016. Among those, 21 had been examined by the Committee between 2012 and2012 between Committee the by examined been had 21 those, Among ticularly wheretheState provideslittleornoeconomicsafetynet. divorce, separation and widowhood, especially if they have children and par- cost of the breakdown of the family than men and may be left destitute upon greater the bear usually they gains, and wealth economic family’s their joy en- equally not do often women Indeed, laws. labour and structures market inatory) family laws affect women’s economic well-being no less than labour [f]amily structures, gendered labour division within the family and (discrim- racial discrimination and eradicating povertyfromaglobalperspective. racial discriminationanderadicating combatting between relationship the highlights Convention the of tation implemen- parties Statescountry-to-country, of from review differs CERD’s world’ changing a in prosperity promoting and poverty ‘eradicating of ple princi- the regarding situation poverty.the eradicating While of means ant the underlying factors leading to discrimination can therefore be an import - treating and discrimination racial Prohibiting disparities. such aggravating even and motivating factor significant a often is discrimination Racial gin. ori- ethnic or national and descent colour, race, different of groups and als individu- between exist disparities social and economic countries, many In ICERD Iran, Kenya, Belgium, Japan, had Portugal, not Jordan, Belize, been Togo Luxembourg, Chile, taken and Costa into Uruguay. account Rica, The Cyprus, Netherlands, CERD as such 238 noted Czech information Peru, that Republic, reviews Qatar, might Denmark, Slovenia, prior be outdated. to El Sweden 2012 Salvador, of Contribution and 233 other 234 Guatemala, Thailand. States 235 of
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 53 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 54 vian women inPeru andAfro-Uruguayan women inUruguay. in coffee plantations in Costa Rica, Roma women in the Czech Republic, Afro-Peru- the examples of indigenous women in Chile, indigenous migrant women working giving discrimination, of forms multiple confront to have women, particular in 239 gated dataandthepromotionofaccesstojustice. to promote equality (for example by affirmative action), the collection of disaggre- or groups) discriminated-against of evictions forced halting as (such crimination dis- against protect to measures specific of adoption the policies, and laws based rights- of implementation and adoption the including states, 26 these to dations recommen- made it which to relation in areas of number a identified also CERD services. sic ba- water,electricity,other protection, or social employment, education, housing, care, health to access inadequate or no having ESCR, their of violations as well as CERD underlined that these individuals and groups all suffer from discrimination, and Travellers in The Netherlands. migrants in transit in Slovenia, and people of African descent as well as Roma, Sinti and asylum-seekers refugees, as well Italy,as in Roma communities Camminanta Honduras, Arab, Azeri, Balochi, and Kurdish communities in Iran, Roma, Sinti and in Afro-Hondurans Guatemala, in Afro-descendants and peoples indigenous dor, Salva- El in peoples Republic,indigenous Czech Cyprus,in Romain resident nent perma- non-European Rica, Costa in workers migrant indigenous Belize, in dants sanitation), 8(work) and10(reducinginequality). and (water 6 equality), (gender 5 (education), 4 (health), 3 security), (food 2 SDG including SDGs, other of realization the with interlinked is poverty eradicating need to create adequate institutions and mechanisms and promote social account- practice, and to promote equality both in terms of opportunities and outcomes; the in as well as law in discrimination indirect and direct against protection provide which through progress on the lens implementation of the SDGs will be assessed a annually; the need to as principle this adopt to HLPF the for need the included These behind. left is one no that recommen- ensuring of several principle the made to relation Council in dations Rights Human the of President the 2016, In the meetings’thematicreviews. of themes the to linked recommendations of number a made mechanisms rights humanUN meetings, HLPF 2017 and 2016 the Atto contributions their of end the Ibid,pp4–7. 243 Ibid. 242 Ibid. 241 Ibid. 240 Lenca children. Ibid. poverty Salvador, the poverty Ibid, and where p line, 3. 78.4 To 241 38.3 and percent highlight For the Committee, this shows that the achievement of SDG 1 on 1 SDG of achievement the that shows this Committee, the For percent Honduras, of the these of extent the where in indigenous extreme of 88.7 poverty 239 percent poverty It then highlighted the fact that many people, population among of – with indigenous these live particular in groups, 243 242 extreme
and CERD problems Afro-descendent poverty gave 240 with and the two 61.1 Pech, children examples percent Tolupan below live of and in El See also, Contribution of CERDto the2017 HLPFmeeting, supra fn208, pp8–9. 245 2030 Agenda gender-sensitive’. Ibid. intergenerational disabilities andpeople in vulnerable situations,aswell asgenderequality, empowerment of women and behind’ systematically able, on training demning laws, when all ombat conformity the those pp justice 244 and implementation support to data of source invaluable an as role their ognize 2030 Agenda, including through systematic engagement with the HLPF, and to rec- the for accountability greater promoting in mechanisms rights human for role a recognizing continue to HLPF the asked bodies treaty rights human UN 2016, In its working methodscould beimprovedandtheircollaborationstrengthened. ber of recommendations linked to the work of the HLPF, suggesting ways in which At the end of their contributions, UN human rights mechanisms also made a num- racial discriminationandinequalitiesarereducingovertime’. whether examine to groups and individuals disadvantaged most the of progress and trends the monitoring and disaggregation for allow that methodologies ing monitor- and collection data appropriate of use and development the ‘support to the 2030 Agenda, with a particular focus on reaching the furthest behind first’ and implement to efforts of forefront the at inequalities of reduction and crimination basis that equal societies thegrow more equally’, to on ‘place the elimination of prosperity racial dis- promote to strategy any of part be must discrimination racial combatting that and poverty exacerbates that factor one is discrimination racial that statement strong a ‘make to HLPF the to made requests included mendations prosperity.of promotion the and eradication poverty to crimination recom- These dis- racial linked it which in recommendations of number a made CERD 2017, In whencollectingcertainsensitive data. holders andself-identification stake- relevant of participation disaggregation, data for allow and standards rights human international uphold should processes collection data that recall to need the society,and civil including sources, non-traditional from data use to law,and to linked the list of closely ‘prohibited grounds of be discrimination’ should under international human which rights data, of disaggregation the in invest upon to call states to need the patterns; discrimination on report and monitor to ability attacks human 10–11. need equitable policies taking Inputs furthest the system and as all to Other and worrying rights, well with ‘[r]eaffirm cases the action from and combat behind threats and future need as international recommendations equity’;the the of regulations the awareness put to trend violence, to address rights for by from President the that in ‘[r]ecognize State all, place of multiple climate accessing of shrinking [and] need and and discrimination, climate raising and indigenous measures of regional national to non-State thus change and included the that ‘[d]evelop the initiatives change, civil Human intersecting strive gender justice to society human peoples, is strategies the reduce a intimidation actors to respect, common Rights as methodologies system’; equality make need space rights a against local forms social, vehicle that promote Council to the concern by standards’; is the communities, and ‘[a]dopt promote of implementation, essential economic, investigating human to need discrimination reprisals to address and and of the and to rights humankind, equality consider the to tools 2016 ‘[u]se and against achieve adequately migrants, discrimination’; need and defenders to cultural HLPF human follow-up and faced their better pursuing to 245 human prosperity and non-discrimination ‘[p]rovide meeting, children, respective by barriers rights and that monitor, and those and rights accountability 244 fully the by [states] education and review supra persons access publicly that left need defenders’; obligations assess implement a furthest sustain- hamper should, fn of to to with con- … 141, and and the the ‘[c] for in
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 55 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 56 context Ibid. 250 Contribution of the CEDAW Committee to the2017 HLPFmeeting, supra fn207, p9. 249 Ibid. 248 Contribution of theUNhuman rightstreaty bodiesto the2016 HLPFmeeting, supra fn206, p2. 247 Pūras supra fn109, §§103(t), 103(u). should views bodies Special report ments’. achieve- plan development national and SDG tracking of means a as reporting ty trea- use help to also but implementation SDGs rights-based have to only not ing] development plans with treaty obligations and their treaty reporting. The aim [be- helping States parties to align SDGs implementation and development of national 246 human UN VNRs. presenting states t in ESCR realize to seek that SDGs the of tion implementa- the to work their linked also have them of Some (2017). prosperity of promotion the and eradication poverty and (2016) behind left be will one no that principle the – reviews thematic HLPF the of themes the to work this of tion contribu- the emphasized have they so, doing In 2017. and 2016 in HLPF the with work their of results the share to efforts havesignificant mechanisms made rights human UN procedures, special UN except we if that said be can it conclusion, In Agenda.2030 the of review of theSDGsandgainrelevantinformation. implementation national to relate that recommendations for search to HLPF the enable would which – (http://uhri.ohchr.org/en) mechanisms rights human UN Universal Human Rights Index – an online database of recommendations made by taking theUPRasanexample ofgoodpractice.For theCEDAW Committee, improvement, its recommended and SDGs, the of implementation the monitor to ment policies. inclusion of the Committee’s recommendations in the implementation of develop - CEDAWimplementing for assistance technical promote velopment, facilitateand women’sof gration women’sand rights de- sustainable of pillars as empowerment CEDAWthe 2017, In inte- emphasizethe HLPF the that recommended Committee also, Contribution Contribution undertaken on monitor and Rapporteur of 247 practice oftheCommitteeandotherhumanrightstreatybodies. the is as reports, government official the alongside organisations society civil from reports’ ‘shadow independent inviting by and States, Member by review peer robust and reporting universal and regular incentivise and encourage to inspiration an be could Council Rights Human the of anism international levels, could be helpful. The Universal Periodic Review mech- and national both at stakeholders of diversity a of participation robust the ensures that mechanism accountability multi-stakeholder a encouraging the their special Furthermore, they informed the HLPF that OHCHR was improving the improving was OHCHR that HLPF the informed they Furthermore, right the SDG-related 249 by of of to procedures on implementation CERD It also criticized the follow-up and review framework established international the health the UN right to and human efforts’. the of to the the 2017 health, human 246 of rights 2030 Report Human They also noted that ‘OHCHR field presences [were] presences field ‘OHCHR that noted also They the HLPF Dainius rights Agenda treaty SDGs of Rights meeting, the by mechanisms, bodies Pūras, presented holding UN Council’ supra Special 248 to recommended
the ‘states and fn to such 2016 Rapporteur 208, the that to as UN HLPF p account these the 8. General that It universal meeting, on UN is the for interesting the human Assembly HLPF the right periodic supra right ‘should rights to to fn in to health, review, note 206, 2016, health mechanisms consider that p 250 Dainius the 9. treaty in in See the UN re- a cil is composed of 47 UN Member States.Member UN 47 of composed is cil and mightcontinuenottosendcontributionstheHLPF. not did which procedures, special UN as such those from including mechanisms, rights human UN by produced recommendations relevant on view holistic a with HLPF the provide would OHCHR by review.work under This state each for duced Council’s UPR should be followed, with one compilation of recommendations pro- theme of the meeting’s thematic review. Ideally, the example of the Human Rights mendations addressed to states that have prepared VNRs, or that are relevant to the produced by OHCHR should be shared with the HLPF, with an emphasis on recom- three annualsessions,aswellduringspecialsessionsthroughout theyear. Inputs from thePresident of theHumanRightsCouncil to the 2016 HLPF, supra fn141. 256 HRC Res 5/1, 18June2007, Annex, §§110–128, andParts V,255 VI,VII. Ibid,§§2–3. 254 Ibid,§§7–9. 253 UNGARes 60/251,15 March 2006, §1. 252 See http://uhri.ohchr.org/en (last accessed 3December 2017). 251 ed tothework oftheHLPFonSustainable Developmentin2016. man rights-based agenda and goals. We have seen also that its President contribut- hu- a design negotiators that recommending agenda, development post-2015 the of negotiation the in active been has Council HumanRights the seen, have we As the Commission of Human Rights established in 1946. replace to 2006 in Council Rights Human the created Assembly General UN The SDGs. 17 the to relevant are UN that by mechanisms rights made human recommendations for look to database online this use to possible now is it and improved successfully been has Index Rights HumanUniversal the focus on those that can contribute to the implementation of the SDGs. Since 2016, a with mechanisms, rights human UN by made recommendations of compilation annual an produce to UniversalHumanIndex the Rights use should OHCHR tive, manner.coordinated and systematic more a in presented were To objec- this reach they if effective more be would they However, welcomed. be must efforts These working the methods oftheHLPF, aswelltheircollaboration. improve to recommendations made also have mechanisms rights recommendations. human rights, address situations of human rights violations and make subsequent B. The Monitoring Role 254 It can discuss human rights issues and situations during its during situations and issues rights human discuss can It of the 253 Human Its mandate is to promote and protect and promote to is mandate Its Rights Council 252 The Human Rights Coun - 251 The compilation The 256
255
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 57 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 58 meeting’s thematicreview). HLPF 2018 the of theme the and ESCR between links the present to him (asking societies resilient and sustainable towards transformation the in ESCR of role the on report a prepare to Secretary-General UN the requested it resolution, same the 260 HRC Res 34/4, 23March 2017, §8. 259 Inputsfrom the President of theHumanRightsCouncil to the2016 HLPF, supra fn141. 258 See, e.g., HRC Res 29September 33/14, 2016, §13(a). 257 is left behind and that those furthest behind are reached first. child no that ensure to situations vulnerable and marginalized most the in those accountinto taking by and obligations, rights human and SDGs the meet to ented ori- are programmes and policies laws, that ensuring by Agenda, 2030 the of tion implementa- the in approach rights-based child a promote to states encouraged it Agenda,2030 the of implementation the in child the whichof in rights the of tion In March 2017, the Human Rights Council also adopted a resolution on the protec- rights mechanisms. realization of ESCR to the implementation of the SDGs and the work of UN human Since 2015, the Human Rights Council has adopted several resolutions linking the Sustainable DevelopmentGoals’. and the achievement of the remaining Millennium Development Goals and of the development sustainable advances and promotes agenda its that ‘ensure to act to decided Council Rights Human the Agenda, 2030 the of adoption the Following of the2030Agenda”. implementation the in child the of rights the of protection and promotion the to consideration full giving recommendations, and comments general observations, concluding their in particularly work, their into child the of rights the integrate plementation of the 2030 Agenda’, and it invited ‘all human rights treaty bodies to im- the in gaps and progress on including rights, child on recommendations and analysis qualitative information, reports their in include to ‘continue to Council Humanthe Rights of mechanisms rights human other and procedures special UN holders towards the full integration of human rights into the said processes’. said the into rights human of integration full the towards holders stake- all of cooperation the promote to and Agenda, 2030 the of progress itoring recommendations from human rights mechanisms when implementing and mon- encouraged it tation of the 2030 Agenda in accordance with states’ human rights obligations, and implemen - the promoting in UPR the and procedures special bodies, treaty rights human bodies, subsidiary its and itself including mechanisms, rights human UN of importance the underlined it countries, all in ESCR of tion the Ibid,§§26–27. 262 HRC Res 34/16,24 March 2017, §§6,7, 17.261 of quality, accessible, timelyandreliable disaggregated data’. Ibid,§7. the 2030 human Ibid, Agenda §19. person, In to the states ‘to give due consideration to information, observations and observations information, to consideration due give ‘to states and leave same reflecting 258 262 no resolution, For example, in March on the 2017, realiza- in its resolution
one behind, the 260 principles the and 257 HRC to also of reach equality recognized the furthest and non-discrimination, that behind ‘the commitments first, 261 the contributions of contributions the founded It also encouraged require made on the the by collection dignity States 259 In In of in of the health-related SDGs. health-related the of prepare a report on the contributions of the right to health to the implementation Secretary-General in a number of resolutions adopted since 2015. since adopted resolutions of number a in Secretary-General 269 Ibid,§§11–12. 268 Ibid,§8. 267 Ibid,§6. 266 Ibid,§5. 265 Ibid, §4. 264 HRC Res 35/23,23June2017, §3. 263 HLPF.the of meetings annual the including regard, this in events major and forums international relevant in participate and up follow to and targets, and SDGs health-related the of implementation effective the to rights human of contribution the on focus to continue to health to right the on porteur In the same resolution, the Human Rights Council encouraged the UN Special Rap- or encouraged statesto: urged it which in Agenda, 2030 the of implementation the in health to right the on resolution a adopted HumanCouncil the Rights example, for June2017, In realization of ESCR in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda, 2030 the of implementation the in ESCR of realization the on report a produce to Secretary-General UN the requested it 2016, March in the HRC Res 31/5,20 April2016, §18. 271 Inputs from thePresident of theHumanRights Council to the2016 HLPF, supra fn 141. 270 implementation andachievement of thehealth-related SDGs. HRC Res 35/23,supra fn263, §13. HRC · · · · · For requested national voluntary reports to the HLPF on the implementation of the SDGs their in health, to right the particularly rights, human to references Include transparency, privacyandaccountability self-identification, participation, including principles, rights human ing respect- while SDGs, health-related the of implementation the in progress monitoring when contexts national in relevant characteristics other and location geographic disability, status, migratory ethnicity, race, age, der, gen- income, by disaggregated data, reliable and timely high-quality, Use to healthandtheimplementation ofthehealth-relatedSDGs ing of laws, policies and programmes relevant to the realization of the right those in vulnerable situations, in the design, implementation and monitor- Promote the effective, full and meaningful participation of all, particularly repeal thosethatarediscriminatory necessary, where and, review and law, rights human international under ment the health-related SDGs, fully into compliance with their obligations imple- to strategies their including practices, and laws,policies their Bring and target 5.6 3SDG particular in and health, to right the of realization the to contribute to order in targets and SDGs all of implementation full Workthe towards example, OHCHR in its resolution 263 to prepare 269 on It has made similar requests to OHCHR and the UN the and OHCHR to requests similar made has It a the report right on to the health contributions 264 in 266 the implementation of the 268 It also asked OHCHR to OHCHR asked It also right to health of 271 270 the and it tasked it and For example,For 265 to 2030 the effective Agenda, 267
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 59 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 60 Agenda ination as opportunities protection tions ‘the Development and heads of several UN agencies, funds and bodies and funds agencies, UN several of heads and Development to Right the on Group Working the of Chair-Rapporteur the Rights, Human for Secretary-General, the President of the General Assembly, the High Commissioner SDGs, includingthosethatseektorealizeESCR. 2017, with concrete recommendations to guide states in the implementation of the OHCHR presented two substantive reports to the Human Rights Council in March 273 HRC Res 31/7, 23March 2016, §§22–23. 272 for Agenda 2030 the and rights human on initiative and new a Rwandaannounced Uruguay Portugal, Luxembourg, Ecuador, Denmark, Chile, Council, Rights Human the of session 34th the during made statement joint a in 2017, March In rights. human and Agenda2030 the to system UN the in rights human mainstreaming on discussion panel high-level annual its devoted Council Rights Human the 2016, February In implementation ofthe2030Agenda. the in child the of rights the of protection the on report a preparing with OHCHR Rights Council and theHLPF. Humanthe between exchanges improve to need the and development to right the on emphasis an with rights, human and SDGs the between complementarity the the ‘State the 274 Sustainable Development, UNdocA/HRC/34/27, 15December 2016, §§10, 19,22-34, 36–42. and of then equality be learning, to protected 276 Women) andtheDeputyExecutive Director of theJointUNProgramme onHIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). 275 UN system. HRC Res 12April2011, 16/21, §42. governing every at right the Social andCultural Rights,supra fn56,§46. human crimination heightened OHCHR quality two implemented Deputy Realization SDGs, 2030 recommendations focused of Among In of In Report aspect obligations rights and converging his children in 2011, and international water, and Agenda by bodies essential on of a Executive report, and accountability, non-discrimination of manner them, the ending on themes, the the for promoted the risk the in sanitation equality, how to in UN rights and a pertaining Protection all is HRC of the accordance the implementation participate’, agendas, human services to violence, Secretary-General Countries Director consistent discrimination, states with secretariats human UN be of Administrator decided of 274 throughout the the implemented Secretary-General and the the On that occasion, the high-level panel – including the UN the including – panel high-level the occasion, that On and rights-based should to for best of and of Committee rights exploitation, objective child hygiene. with of the emphasizing to the the the and with all Economic, interests he of hold rights protect process, children, the UN in Rights need implementation mechanisms. address UN align 276 of identified states’ the Entity on in Convention UNDP, OHCHR an of agencies implementation on specified a to legislation implementation promoting the of of and annual abuse manner including the Social outlined obligations as stigma adopt on for the the the 272 Question also promote key well states’ Rights Gender Inresponse,theUNSecretary-Generaland and child, Executive Child of Report high-level in and on consistent a factors underlined and of children as and the the the universality, funds HRBA the the of obligations Cultural their in to of Equality under the social mainstreaming Convention of linkages policies the the Rights the 2030 of health the to Director within the 273 to rights right panel and the UN Child with Implementation ensure norms international Realization data. that Rights, 2030 Agenda’, and of 2030 Secretary-General with the child and between to their of to international discussion the relevant of ‘child survival the on He the indivisibility resulting protect the Agenda the nutrition, child supra poverty, Child Agenda, respective the of also Empowerment child and rights implementation UN in human ESCR rights Rights to law: and and all children fn identified Population all to in of in and each and principles law’, OHCHR 56. Countries education SDGs interact the and the development, discrimination. equality, the of rights mandates and of described on In the by Goal 275 implementation general which the the 2030 and and its the the ensuring – discussed – of reaffirmed challenges rights, throughout Fund with SDGs, Child and report targets should Women of non-discrim- communities of principles and Question implies Agenda on comments Economic, the target’. contribu- (UNFPA), heads non-dis- must and defined specific lifelong Report on access guide ‘must 2030 (UN- that that and the the the for be of of of of It Portugal, by 281 HRC Res 20 35/21, June2017, §§3, 6. 280 See thejointstatement, supra fn277. 279 portunities-challenges-convergence (last accessed 3December 2017). Health, see 278 HR-SDGs-Cross-reg.-statement.pdf (last accessed 3December 2017). Council UN 3 December 2017). org/Documents/Issues/SForum/SForum2015/OHCHR_2015-Access_medicines_EN_WEB.pdf demic and other communicable diseasesandepidemics(2017). demic andothercommunicable epi- HIV the of context the in rights human and (2016) disabilities with persons of rights human (2015), health to right the of context the in medicines to access – SDGsthe to linked closely issues rights human to sessions 2017 and 2016 2015, its devoted organizations, intergovernmental and States Member UN of resentatives meeting organized to provide a space for dialogue between civil society actors, rep- 277 all. by rights human all of enjoyment the to contributes development which in ways the on study a conduct to – perts ex- independent 18 of body a – Committee Advisory its mandated it and Agenda, 2030 the implementing in effort no spare to states all upon called Council Rights Human the 2017, June In SDGs. the to relation in work relevant do Forum Social and Committee AdvisoryCouncil’s HumanRights the that noting worth also is It the implementation oftheSDGs(seesection5.C.below). ofmonitoring the to contributing with tasks manyit procedures, which special of UN many so of creation its is States Member UN in SDGs the of implementation the of support in Council HumanRights the of contribution key a see, will we As tices. prac- best sharing and support technical and capacity-building rights human tive effec- delivering by including SDGs, the implementing in states support best can system rights human UN the how identifying at aimed SustainableDevelopment, challenges of convergence between human rights and the SDGs. the and rights human between convergence of challenges and opportunities the discussed participants which during 2017, June in meeting monitoring mechanisms,theUniversal Periodic Review (UPR). We will now focus on the contribution of one of the Human Rights Council’s main Agenda, leaving noonebehind. the UN human rights system to support states as they work to implement the 2030 to provided opportunity available every seize to work of programme a design to the Doc http://www.universal-rights.org/events-detail/human-rights-2030-agenda-sustainable-development-op See The This 277 Permanent A initiative A/HRC/34/69, Rwanda, This initiative started with the organization of an informal consultation informal an of organization the with started initiative This HRC Summary joint informal Res statement on 32/27, and Missions consultation of ‘human Uruguay) Discussions 13 1 is December July of available rights Chile 2016; and meeting and and and with HRCl, 2016; at Recommendations 279 the http://www.universal-rights.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/ Denmark, the was Report 2030 OHCHR, support convened 280 Agenda of together The Social Forum, an annual three-day annual an Forum, Social The Access to Medicines in the Context of the Right to the of the Co-Chair-Rapporteurs by for of Universal with the the Sustainable Group the 2015
Rights core Social of group Development’, Friends Group. Forum, of 281 (Ecuador, the 278
of For 2016 Its final aim is aim final Its the http://www.ohchr. more and Human (last Social Luxembourg, information, organized accessed Forum, Rights
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 61 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 62 285 special procedures. 289 UN special procedures mandate-holders, supra fn38. 288 UNGARes 60/251, supra fn252,5(e);HRC Res 5/1, supra fn255,Annex, §15. 287 UNGARes 60/251, supra fn252,5(e);HRC Res 5/1, supra fn255,Annex, §§1–2. 286 tures for election to theHRC. implementation oftheSDGs: the of monitoring the to UPR the of contribution potential the described Council HumanRights the of President the meeting, HLPF 2016 the to contribution his In ble internationalhumanitarianlaw. 284 UNGARes 60/251, supra fn 252,5(e);HRC Res 5/1, supra fn255,Annex, §14. 283 UNGARes 60/251, supra fn252,5(e);HRC Res 5/1, supra fn255,Annex, Part I,§§1–38. 282 UPR. the of methods working the on based SDGs, the of implementation the monitor to Council’ Development ‘Sustainable a of creation the proposed dures proce- special UN Agenda, 2030 the of negotiation the during that seen Wehave organizationsandnationalhumanrightsinstitutions(10pages).civil society OHCHR on the basis of information received by other stakeholders, including from by prepared summary a and pages); (10 review under state the in situation rights recommendations made by UN treaty bodies and special procedures on the human with OHCHR by prepared compilation a maximum); pages (20 review under state the by prepared report national the documents: main three on based is UPR The made. has it that commitments Human Rights, of human rights treaties to which Declaration the state is party and Universalvoluntary pledges and the Charter, UN the is review the of basis The review. undercountry the in rights human of implementation better a for ommendations At the UPR, all UN Member States are evaluated by their peers, who formulate rec- treatment withrespecttoallStates’. equal and coverage of universality ensures which manner a in commitments and reliable information, of the fulfilment by each State of its human rights obligations andreview, objective periodic on universal based ‘a undertake would it that cided Humanthe created it When de- Assembly General UN the 2006, Councilin Rights 1. The mendations made. Inputs Open These This Universal 283 realisation ofhumanrightsandSDGprogress. the to time same the at contribute then Stateswould the by commitments voluntary and recommendations UPR progress. SDG consider creasingly in- may and practice this continue may UPR the rights, human and SDGs the between linkage immediate the Given MDGs. the of attainment the to referred made recommendations various UPR, the of cycles two first the In possibility letter The state under review can then decide if it accepts or rejects the recom- the rejects or accepts it if decide then can review under state The include from from the pledges does President Special Periodic Review 284 not and Procedures exist of commitments the in Human relation 285 Mandate-Holders In addition, the UPR takes into accountapplica- into takes UPR the addition, In
282 Rights 286 to undertaken the Council recommendations of to by the the states 2016 UN 289 HRC, when HLPF made supra they meeting, by fn present UN 70; treaty supra Statement their bodies fn candida- 141,
287 by and p 288 17 9.
of 292 Review of Uganda,UNDocA/HRC/34/10, 27 December 2016, §§22,72, 76. 293 HRC/31/13, 23December 2015, §143.40. Myanmar accepted thisrecommendation. Ibid. the SDGs the §115.12. Uganda accepted thisrecommendation. Ibid. Report of theHumanRights Council’s Working Group ontheUPR, Review of Uganda,supra fn291, 296 §§161.85. This recommendation isunderexamination by India.Ibid. 294 HRC/33/16, 15July2016,Thailand §158.36. accepted thisrecommendation. Ibid. does 295 HRC/34/4, 30December 2016, §§128.99. Togo accepted thisrecommendation. Ibid. 291 HRC/36/6A/HRC/34/8, 13July2017. 2017. 2017, port. SDGs. – made made HRC/36/10, the UPR UPR MDG targets and the SDGs, the and targets MDG recommended baijan and intheimprovementofhumandevelopmentindicators. SDGs the reaching towards made progress the consolidate India that ommended ment ontheneedforstatestotakestepsimplement theSDGs. agree- broad a shows which review, under state the by accepted all were dations 290 nutrition, and agriculture health, tion, - educa poverty, to related those especially SDGs, the implement to efforts make Uganda that recommended Bangladesh 2016, In ESCR. or SDGs specific realize to order in measures take to need the emphasized states recommendations, other In SDGs. the of implementation the advancing continue Myanmar that Venezuelarecommended 2015, In review. under country the in SDGs the of Some of these recommendations simply aimed at pushing for the implementation SDGs. the Agendaor 2030 the with links explicit made states of May 2017, more than 30 recommendations were made during the UPR, in which session UPR the and 2015 September Agendain 2030 the of adoption the Between order to create a solid foundation for human rights protection. in development social and economic sustainable promote and effectively SDGs forts to implement the SDGs related to poverty, education, health, housing, water housing,poverty, health, to education, related SDGs the implement to forts Iran, the Republic SDGs SDGs session recommendations Human not Our were Report Report Report §7; Report With See to Report a development Norway, strong Morocco, include without in analysis Report Human incorporated, lots 17 its in Rights of of of of of of July statement report. Algeria May Korea of the the the the the of comments Rights a making exceptions, focuses 2017, country Council Human Human the 2017, Human Human plan Human commended This and when Human Council or but §§161.85, a in no on Sudan was, UPR that that Thailand accelerate its efforts to achieve the remaining the achieve to efforts its accelerate Thailand that Rights recommendation. Rights Rights the Rights that relation Rights they recommendation recommendations the the Rights SDGs. did National UPR for could general – did state Council’s Council’s Uganda Council’s 293 Council’s made not example, 161.87, Council’s to National and China recommended that Togothe that implement recommended China and Report not Council’s have the explicitly under Report recommendations impression make for 161.157, 2030 Working Working Working Working been of Report the Working For the explicitly review Working the (Morocco), that any mention 296 Agenda case example, adoption made 161.86. Human and that Zimbabwe make particular ef- particular make Zimbabwe that and recommendation (India), Group explicitly Group Group is Group has during Group that mentioning during Group the it included UN It during on of Rights its on on on states in UN 2030 is the on a refer doc which national the the interesting the the on doc national the the UPR the Council’s A/HRC/WG.6/27/MAR/1, more UPR, the Agenda UPR, UPR, UPR, to A/HRC/WG.6/27/IND/1, UPR, references the they UPR, in UPR the of UPR, report, Review SDGs easily Review development relation Review Review India in made SDGs to or of Review 295 Working which Review 290 note the Uganda, or 294 refer and in to of These recommen- These or an of of of to the SDGs 291 May In 2017, Iran rec- 292 the that countries Myanmar, the Thailand, of when explicit India, Morocco, the to of In 2016, Azer- 2016, In Group 2030 2017, Togo, plan 2030 Chile, the India, in 2030 during implementation its four supra SDGs link Agenda in 20 23 on national when UN referred Serbia Agenda UN UN UN UN Agenda. which the countries February February the with fn in Doc Doc Doc Doc doc same India UPR, 290, their was and the the re- A/ A/ A/ A/ A/ to or It
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 63 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 64 303 Ibid,§161.157. This recommendation isunderexamination by India.Ibid. 302 §161.87. This recommendation isunderexamination by India.Ibid. 300 HRC/33/6, 27 June2016, §95.88.Samoa accepted thisrecommendation. Ibid. 308 HRC/32/13, 8April2016, §120.125. 301 HRC/36/11, 18July2017, §136.50. 298 HRC/34/8, 28December 2016, §131.101. Zimbabwe accepted thisrecommendation. Ibid. the 304 HRC/36/15, 18July2017, §131.145. This recommendation isunderexamination by theNetherlands.Ibid. 299 HRC/33/8, 11 July2016,Sudanaccepted §138.35. thisrecommendation. Ibid. the same country recommended that Singapore, that countryrecommended same the der the SDGs, that Zimbabwe implement policies to promote equal opportunities equal promote to policies implement Zimbabwe that SDGs, the der of newborns and children under five. under children and newborns of to realize the SDG targets to reduce maternal mortality and end preventable deaths 306 Add.1, 13June2016, §36. 297 tinue to implement policies for women’s development under the SDGs. Pakistan2015, In SDGs. the realize to policies ment Nepalthat recommended con- imple- or adapt adopt, to states for need the on focused recommendations Other eradication. erty pov- on focus a with programmes todevelopment socioeconomic inclusive promote efforts continue and SDGs the achieving towards made progress the solidate sanitation. and 307 June2016, §35. 21 the implementation of the SDGs. the of implementation the in important as identified sectors 15 strengthen to continue Samoa that mended reduce maternal and child mortality to achieve the SDGs, the achieve to mortality child and maternal reduce ra Leone homelessness by 2030, in conformity with SDG 11. of problem the eradicate to government the by led policy All for Housing the ue the 2030Agenda. of implementation through women for opportunities employment increasing by that the Netherlands enhance gender equality by reducing the gender pay gap and 14April2016,A/HRC/32/16, §111.176. to HRC/32/17, HRC/32/11, 305 HRC/31/9, 23December 2015, §122.115. This recommendation hasbeen accepted by Nepal. Ibid. the report Report Report Report Report Report Report Report Report Report Report Report report 308 of 15 13 of of of of of of of the of continue to implement policies for the development of their people un- of of of of April April the the the the the the the the the the the the Working 297 Human Human Human Working Human Human Human 2016, 2016, Human Human Human Human Human 300 303 Bahrain recommended that Sudan continue to take measures to measures take to Sudancontinue that recommended Bahrain Norway recommended that India allocate adequate resources adequate allocate India that recommended Norway §166.110. Group §104.124. Rights Rights Rights Rights Rights Rights Rights Rights Group Rights Rights Rights on Council’s Council’s Council’s Council’s Council’s Council’s on Council’s Council’s Council’s Council’s Council’s the This This the Universal recommendation Universal recommendation Working 299 Working Working Working Working Working Working Working Working Working Working In 2017, Iran recommended that Brazil con - Brazil that recommended Iran 2017, In 301 Periodic Algeria recommended that India contin- India that recommended Algeria Group Periodic Group Group Group Group Group Group Group Group Group Group on has on Review on on on has on Review 305 on the on on on on the the the the been the 302 Palau, been the the UPR, the the the UPR, UPR, UPR, And Maldives recommended UPR, of UPR, of UPR, accepted UPR,
UPR, UPR, Palau, UPR, accepted Review Singapore, Review Review Review 306 Review Review 298 Review Review Review Review Review Seychelles UN and Pakistan recom- Pakistan and of by of of of Doc by of Netherlands, of Singapore. Zimbabwe, Seychelles, UN of Singapore, of Sierra of of Palau. of India, A/HRC/32/11/Add.1, Samoa, Sudan, Doc Nepal, Brazil, Palau, 307 Leone, Addendum A/HRC/32/17/ supra 304 and Sier- and Addendum UN UN UN UN In 2016, UN UN UN UN UN fn UN Doc Doc Doc Doc Doc Doc Doc Doc Doc 290, doc A/ A/ A/ A/ A/ A/ A/ A/ A/ to §161.86. This recommendation isunderexamination by India.Ibid. its leastdevelopedcountry aspossible. statusassoon and growth from economic country’s graduate the can from Myanmar benefit can implement policies to meet the relevant SDGs so that all communities and regions opment policies and programmes and policies opment cation and health care and the rights of vulnerable groups. vulnerable of rights the and care health and cation edu- to rights the resources, to access equal eradication, poverty to related those especiallySDGs, the achieving at resourcesaimed allocate and strategies establish Tanzania continue reviewing policies for the implementation of the SDGs. 309 socioeconomic realize better can they that so countries developing to assistance development its continue to Denmark asked it when 2016, in Nepal by made was recommendation This SDGs. the and ESCR realize to assistance and cooperation al At least one recommendation focused on the need for states to engage in internation- for women’s participation in the economic development of the country SDGs, the with comply to order in indicators national and strategy a develop zambique Mo- that recommended Mexico 2016, In SDGs. the to relation in strategies ment imple- or adopt to need the emphasized also have recommendations of number A lic Education are in line with the SDGs. the with line in are Education lic Pub- on StrategyNational 2014 its in up set objectives the of implementation the the SDGs. the incorporates that policy development national a apply Samoa that recommended opment fortheyear2030. mended that India continue its efforts in the implementation of sustainable devel- slavery and contribute to the realization of SDG target 8.7, target SDG of realization the to contribute and slavery Kingdom recommended that Ecuador develop a national strategy to tackle modern 318 HRC/36/4, 10 July2017, §119.4. This recommendation isunderexamination by Ecuador. Ibid. 310 297, §131.38. Zimbabwe accepted thisrecommendation. Ibid. 313 Togo§128.35. accepted thisrecommendation. Ibid. HRC/33/9, 314 §143.41. Myanmar accepted thisrecommendation. Ibid. 311 HRC/33/12, This 14July2016, recommendation §134.35. hasbeen accepted by Tanzania. Ibid. 317 §158.37. Thailand accepted thisrecommendation. Ibid. 315 HRC/32/6, 12April2016, §128.158. Mozambique accepted thisrecommendation. Ibid. to 312 §95.90. Samoa accepted thisrecommendation. Ibid. 316 Add.1, 16September 2016, §§8–12, p3. the Report Report Report Report Report Report Report Report Report Report report 314 and the United Arab Emirates recommended that Hungary ensure that ensure Hungary that recommended Emirates Arab United the and 9 of of 311 of of of July of of of of of of the the the the Zimbabwe recommended that Togo incorporate the SDGs in devel- in SDGs the incorporate Togo that recommended Zimbabwe the the the the the the the 2016, Human Human Human Human Human Human Human Human Human Human Working §128.175. Rights Rights Rights Rights Rights Rights Rights Rights Rights Rights Group 318 Council’s Council’s Council’s Council’s This Council’s Council’s Council’s Council’s Council’s Council’s on recommendation the Working Working Working 312 Working Universal Working Working Working Working Working Working and Singapore recommended that Myanmar that recommended Singapore and 315 Group Group Group Group Periodic Group Group Group Group Group Group Viet Nam recommended that Thailand that recommended VietNam has on on on on on on on on on on been the the the Review the the the the the the the UPR, UPR, UPR, accepted UPR, 313 UPR, UPR, UPR, UPR, UPR, UPR, of Review
Review Review Review Hungary Review Review Review Review Review Review 316 by 317 of of In 2017, the United the 2017, In of Hungary. and Sudan recom- Sudan and of Mozambique, Myanmar, of of of of of Thailand, of , Samoa, UN Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Hungary, India, Ecuador, Togo, doc See 309 supra supra supra supra supra A/HRC/33/9/ and that Addendum UN UN UN 310 UN supra fn fn fn Cuba fn fn Doc Doc doc doc 290, 294, 299, 292, 293, A/ A/ A/ A/ fn
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 65 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 66 Ibid,§45. 324 HRC Res 5/1, supra fn255,Annex, §§39–64. 323 297, §131.39. Zimbabwe accepted thisrecommendation. Ibid. 321 Add.1, 14June2016, §14-15. 322 308, §111.153. to HRC/32/4, Addendum A/HRC/32/10, 320 HRC/32/10/Add.1, June2016, p2. 21 procedures’ mandates can berenewedwithoutprocedures’ mandatescan limitation. special while years, six than more for serve cannot holders mandate procedures’ country.specific a in rights human all cover or food, to right the or torture Special tary-General and working groups. Their mandates can be thematic, for example on Secre- UN the of representatives special experts, independent rapporteurs, special ued awareness-raising about theSDGstomakethempartofgeneral culture. contin- guarantee Zimbabwe that Syriarecommended and SDGs, achieving in actors 319 rights. human protect and promote to Council HumanRights the The UN special procedures on human rights are independent experts mandated by bestsupporttheminimplementingsystem can theSDGs. rights human UN the which in ways many the of use make to stakeholders other and states enabling potential, full its develop should Development Sustainable for Agenda 2030 the and rights human on initiative the and work, its in systematically coming years, the Human Rights Council should continue to include the SDGs more its work, and the work of other UN human rights mechanisms, to that of the HLPF. In including the SDGs in their work or reports. It has also taken many initiatives to link bodies and special procedures, as well as the UN Secretary-General and OHCHR, with subsidiary its tasks it which in and SDGs, the to ESCR links it which in resolutions forts to include the SDGs that seek to realize ESCR in its work. It has adopted several Humanthe that said be can it conclusion, In ef- Councilsignificant Rights made has ESCR andtheSDGs. linking recommendations of number the increasing by including systematically, more possibility that use should they future, the In States. Member UN in SDGs the of implementation the for push can they which moni- through a mechanism as toring UPR the see states that show recommendations 30 than more These ia It is also worth noting that in 2016, the Russian Federation recommended that Namib- rights aspartofagloballyinclusiveandsustainabledevelopmentagenda. C . The 320 the and Sierra Leone Sierra and Report Report Report Report report Monitoring Role 15 to of of of of of April the 13 the the the the the report April 2016, Human Human Human Working Human 2016, of §137.177. 321 Rights the Rights Rights Rights continue to support the family, described as one of the main main the of family,one the as support described to continue Group §120.199. Working Council’s This Council’s Council’s Council’s on recommendation the Group of This Working Universal Working Working Working Spe recommendation on the Group Group Periodic Group cial Universal Group has on on on been Procedures on the Review the the Periodic the has UPR, accepted UPR, UPR, UPR, been of Review Review Review Namibia, Review 324 Review accepted by Namibia. of of of of Sierra UN of 323 Denmark, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Denmark, by Doc They include They Leone, See Denmark. A/HRC/32/4/ 319 Addendum UN UN supra supra UN Doc Doc 322 Doc See A/ A/ fn fn 330 www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/SP/AMeeting/Pages/13thsession.aspx (last accessed 3December 2017). Implementation ended 2 Brookings Institution Press, 2012. 329 December 2017). spinternet.ohchr.org/_Layouts/SpecialProceduresInternet/ViewAllCountryMandates.aspx Republic Republic 328 org/en/hrbodies/sp/pages/welcomepage.aspx (last accessed 3December 2017). (2016); Independent Occupied Human sound Rapporteurs and of their thematicreports(1)andcountry visits(2). throughESCR, realize to seek that SDGs the of implementation the monitoring in Here, emphasis is placed on the contribution that UN special procedures can make the system of special procedures. special of system the upheld and Rights Human on Commission the replaced Council Rights Human of promotingandprotectinghumanrightsundertakingcountry missions. monitor therealizationofESCRthere. also can country specific a in rights human monitor to mandated procedures cial 327 UNGARes 60/251, supra fn252,§6;HRC Res 5/1, supra fn255,Annex, §39–64. 326 I.Nifosi, The UNSpecial Procedures intheFieldof, Intersentia, HumanRights 2005. 325 rights. political and civil protect and promote to 80s and 1970s the in procedures special first the created HumanRights on Commission UN The dures have a cross-cutting mandate that involves addressing ESCR. addressing involves that mandate cross-cutting a have dures proce- special several addition, In (2009). rights cultural of field the in and (2008) sanitation and water drinking safe to rights human the (2002), health to right the (2000), food to right the (2000), housing adequate 1998), in (created education to right the on Rapporteurs Special the – ESCR with specifically deal 6 procedures, and interacting with the media. cooperation technical of programmes recommending reports, thematic preparing governments, to communications sending missions, fact-finding or visits country activities: following the listed OHCHR 2005, In work. their in procedures special UN by employed methods the describe to proposed been have typologies Several and as (2004); (2000); (2011); the persons international human These C. The OHCHR Background management seminar Working Rights Golay, the contemporary the (2013) (2011), T. Palestinian following with rights include Independent Piccone, Catalysts for Change:How theUN’sIndependentExpertsPromote HumanRights, rights on Experts (2011). C. on Groups and of Mahon disabilities the the solidarity enhancing (1998); Economic, the of and special Mali Islamic situation A on Territory indigenous forms description on Special and disposal the (2013). Experts Paper the Discrimination (2005) procedures I. (2014); Republic and situation Cismas, of human Social of (1993), Rapporteurs II A slavery of strengthening on human – and description of peoples hazardous unilateral Working and the their rights ‘The of of the Democratic 329 with (2007); effects human Iran Cultural Against rights 326 Their activities have also been described in terms enjoyment mandates Impact of (2001); on country Today, out of the 44 existing thematic special thematic existing 44 Today,the of out Methods (2011), of substances coercive migrants the the 328 of in rights their human Rights’, Women of People’s foreign effectiveness implications
Myanmar the the is mandates of Belarus mandates of available in measures (1999); all UN rights human 15 the Somalia and in human debt Special Republic The International Journal of Human Rights Law (created Mandate-Holders, (2012) wastes and currently for the on on is of rights and (2014) rights (1993), available the OHCHR’s human Procedures human situation the and (created of Practice Special in of environment by Korea and report 1992), Eritrea Sudan rights internally rights older on website, of the in Procedures, (2010) OHCHR’s (2004), on human prepared to 1995); persons (1993), of Cambodia (2013), (2000); right the the the 325 http://www.ohchr. displaced 327 (2012); and Development n 06 the 2006, In HRC: rights extreme to environmentally the (last website, The 12 spe- 12 The Central as (2013), for human development Business 2005, Syrian (1993), well the accessed defenders the the persons poverty African Special as http:// http:// as open- rights rights 330 Arab well and and the the
3
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 67 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 68 333 Report of theUNSpecial Rapporteur ontheRightto Health, supra fn38. 332 Procedures to the HumanRightsandDevelopment Dialogue’,supra fn20. right to food. to right the on Rapporteur Special the and rights human and poverty extreme on Expert Independent the including MDGs, the achieve to strategies on recommendations make to procedures special UN some mandated then Council Rights Human The 334 December 2007, §2(h). 331 logue. dia- development and rights human the to contributing mechanisms rights man hu- UN active most the among were procedures special period, MDG the During a. LessonsLearnedFrom theMDGPeriod to supporttheimplementation oftheSDGs(e). commitmentsnew make and instruments new adopt to states for need the and (d) behind left are who those and vulnerable most the reach to data and indicators ed rights law (c); the need for states to ensure participation and the use of disaggregat- of the SDGs is consistent with ESCR and states obligations in international human implementation the that ensure to need the emphasized have procedures special and the SDGs (b). This is followed by a discussion of thematic reports in which UN senting the views of UN special procedures on the complementarity between ESCR pre- before (a), period MDG the from Welearned lessons presenting by here begin include referencestotheSDGsinreportsonotherissueslinkedESCR. to chosen have others while SDGs, the on focusing report a of part substantive a or report, whole a produce to chosen have some see, will we As ESCR. realize to seek that SDGs the of implementation the guide to recommendations made have they which in and SDGs, the and ESCR linked have they which in reports matic haveprocedures the- special produced UN several SDGs, the of adoption the Since specific issueslinkedtotheirmandates,andthusproduce‘thematicreports’. In these reports, they can choose to focus on and make recommendations regarding Assembly.General UN the to reports annual present also them of majority the and All UN special procedures present annual reports to the UN Human Rights Council, 1. Thema the first to document the relationship of the right to health to relevant MDGs. relevant to health to right the of relationship the document to first the implementation oftheMDGs. ESCR of the in HRBA a realization promote to essential was it that and reinforcing, mutually be could the and MDGs the of achievement the that understanding commona with scrutinyreports, in-depth thematic and procedures’ special UN in Development Dialogue’,supra fn20. Golay, HRC This 331 Res sub-section In 2004, the then Special Rapporteur on the right to health, Paul Hunt, was tic Reports Biglino 8/11, 333 and By 2015, the MDGs had been the subject of substantive analyses substantive of subject the been had MDGs the 2015, By 18 is June Truscan, inspired 2008, ‘The by §2(d); Contribution Golay, 334 HRC Biglino Res of 6/2, the and UN 27 Truscan, Special September ‘The Procedures Contribution 2007, §2(e); to the of Human HRC the Res UN Rights 6/29, Special and 332 14
335 PovertyPapers.ReductionStrategyof number a and plementation of the MDGs on a comprehensive study of 50 MDG Country Reports im- the in groups minority by faced challenges the regarding recommendations and analysis her based McDougall, Gay issues, minority on Expert Independent then the 2007, In them. with consultation in or governments by produced ments docu- by informed been have MDGs the and ESCR linking reports thematic Other grammes incertaincountries. pro- prevention HIV of effectiveness the reduced discrimination – states by and perpetrated HIV/AIDSdirectly with living people towards discrimination vent pre- to states by failure both of terms in – discrimination of perspective the from health to right the of violations that explained also He HRBA. a utilizing by HIV human rights and development and to highlight the effectiveness of responding to between relationship the frame to trajectory a such from learned lessons the used and pandemic the of beginning the HIV/AIDSfrom to response the of evolution Grover, took the example of the public health response to HIV/AIDS. He traced the development objectives, the then Special Rapporteur on the right to health, Anand of achievement the in difference a make can HRBAs that demonstrate to 2011, In the right to health were mutually reinforcing, and that the 2030 Agenda and the and Agenda 2030 the that and reinforcing, mutually were health to right the and SDGs the that highlighted Puras, Dainius health, to right the on Rapporteur Special the Agenda, 2030 the and health to right the on report a In SDGs. the and ESCR ex- of reinforcement have mutual and procedures complementarity the special on views UN clear pressed some Agenda, 2030 the of adoption the Since b. TheComplementarityofESCRandtheSDGs participation andaccountability. ensuring while needs specific their to respond and behind left are who those and vulnerable most the identify to programmes and policies laws, including SDGs, by or theimplement to taken measures the evaluate to states to questionnaires perspective, sending ESCR an from HLPF, the to presented VNRs including SDGs, the of implementation the on reports national analysing by ESCR, realize to seek Today, UN special procedures could use similar methods to monitor the SDGs that while ensuringparticipationandaccountability. needs specific their to responding and groups vulnerable most the identifying at MDGs. the of implementation the in envisaged solutions and problems on information obtain to authorities national to questionnaires sending also– method she another used Sepúlveda, Magdalena rights, human and poverty extreme on porteur Development 336 12 April2011. fn February 2007, §13. 337 Strategies, UNdocA/HRC/4/9/Add.1/Corr.1, 23May 2007. 33, Report Report Report §5. 337 Report hy euse ifrain n as plce ad rgams aimed programmes and policies laws, on information requested They of of of Goals the the the of UN UN UN the (MDGs) Independent Independent Special UN Independent for Rapporteur Minorities: Expert Expert 335 Expert on on A on Review the the Minority on Question Right Minority of Issues, to MDG of Health, Issues, Human Country Gay 336 Gay Anand McDougall, With the then Special RapSpecial- then Withthe Rights McDougall, Reports Grover, and Achieving and Extreme UN UN Poverty doc doc the Poverty, A/HRC/17/25, A/HRC/4/9, Millennium Reduction supra 2
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 69 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 70 www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/Water/Inequalities_EN.pdf Inequalities. APriorityfor Accomplishing Sustainable Development Goal 6,andMany Others, Heller, 341 Aguilar, 9August 2016, §2. UNdocA/71/314, 343 WaterAndSanitation/SRWater/Pages/SRWaterIndex.aspx (last accessed 4December 2017). 340 the part of other actors, and to doso inthecontext of theirpoliciesandprogrammes ontheGoals’. Ibid. 342 Aguilar, UNdocA/HRC/31/62, 12January2016, §97. L rise Agenda areeffectivelybasedintheestablishedhumanrightsframework’. discrimination. 2030 the implement to policies and strategies that withoutensure to is now challenge The everywhere people all for rights human of realization national human rights law and offers opportunities critical to further advance the and non-discrimination,accountability, universalhealthcoverage andviolence. ical implementation gaps within the SDGs, placing emphasis on four issues: equality 339 Report of theUNSpecial Rapporteur ontheRightto Health, DainiusPūras, supra fn109, §8. 338 Rosa Kornfeld-Matte, presentedsimilarviews.For her, persons, older by rights human all of enjoyment the on Expert Independent The SDGs. the with sanitation and water to rights the linked he which in video a and booklet a Heller,produced Léo The Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation, thest behind’. fur- those of rights human and health the improve to opportunity an ‘provide SDGs disabilities. with persons among exclusion and poverty fighting to contribute effectively instruments can two these how and Agenda, 2030 the and (CRPD) Disabilities with Persons of Rights the on Convention the of nature reinforcing mutually and tary complemen- the described Aguilar, Devandas Catalina disabilities, with persons of rights the SpecialRapporteuron the policies, inclusive disability on report a In e o Heller, supra UNdocA/71/302, fn114, §1. to Report Ibid, Report Special Report legally videos antee the full inclusion and participation of persons withdisabilities. antee thefullinclusionandparticipationofpersons guar- to reinforced mutually be should and complementary are velopment AgendaSustainable2030 for the De- Persons and of Disabilities Rights with vancement of the rights of persons with disabilities. The Convention on the ad- the in donors international of engagement coordinated the achieving for opportunity excellent an constitutes disabilities with persons to ences refer- concrete with Goals Development Sustainable the of adoption [t]he §11. of of of binding Rapporteur 340 on For the the the 338 For her, the Dainius UN He then described how the right to health could help to address crit- UN UN obligations rights Special Special Special on Pūras, the to Rapporteur Rapporteur Rapporteur water Human on ‘[w]hile States 342 and Rights the For him, the 2030 Agenda ‘is grounded in inter- in grounded ‘is Agenda 2030 the him, For to on on on sanitation progressively [SDGs] the the the to safe Rights Rights Human are and Drinking political of of Rights realize the Persons Persons (last Water SDGs, commitments, to the safe accessed with with right http://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/ and Drinking Disabilities, Disabilities, to Sanitation health, 4 the December Water right as Catalina Catalina Léo well and to Heller, health as 2017); 343 Sanitation, Devandas Devandas duties 341 Ending http:// gives 339 Léo on
Report of theSpecial Rapporteur onMinority Issues, UNdocA/HRC/34/53, 9January2017, §49. 346 April 2016, §7. 344 ties, and calls on States to fulfil in practice the principle of leaving no one behind”. minori- of situation the consideration into taking by achieved be only can Agenda 2030 the of implementation successful the that believes firmly She document. final the in included was minorities to reference explicit no for Development, AgendaSustainable 2030 inclusive an for pledges the despite that regrets ‘deeply she that wrote She minorities. to reference any include to not do SDGs the Agendaand 2030 Rapporteur on minority issues, Rita Izsák-Ndiaye, severely criticized the fact that the Special then the March2017, in Council HumanRights the to presented report a In ty betweenESCRandtheSDGs.For him, Alston, explained that much remains to be done to concretize the complementari- PhilipSpecialrights, the human rights, and Rapporteur social poverty extreme on links between ESCR and the SDGs. In a report on the marginality of economic and the on position critical nuanced, more a taken have procedures special UN Other 345 A/HRC/33/44, 18July2016, §24. Report Report are followedthrough andthegoalsaremet. commitments those that ensure to is ahead challenge The age. they as ing basic human right to the highest attainable standard of health and well-be- in health systems to ensure that older persons around the world enjoy their with- discrimination age fighting in instrumental be will ages, all at all for well-being promote and lives healthy Ensure 3: Goal particular, In Goals. as global 17 the of 15 in implication by forward, or directly included are persons older step important an represents 2015 September 25 on sembly As- General the by Goals Development Sustainable the of adoption [t]he to bemeaningfullypromoted. of the Agenda as adopted and much remains to be done if that aspiration is terms the by guaranteed means no by is this rights, human as rights social and economic for respect greater to lead hoped indeed will Agenda 2030 be the that to much very is it While rights. social and economic re- for spect of promotion the with equated automatically is Goals Development Sustainable its and Development Sustainable for Agenda 2030 the when arises also approaches different very potentially two eliding of risk [t]he of of the the Special Independent Rapporteur Expert on on Extreme the Enjoyment 345 Poverty of and all Human Human 344 Rights, Rights by UN Older doc A/HRC/32/31, Persons, UN doc 346 28
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 71 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 72 Practice, UNdocA/HRC/32/44, 8April2016, §24. under 351 available resources andinternational assistance andcooperation. Ibid,§§26–34. the rightto health, as well astheobligationsof progressive realization, immediate effect, maximum Ibid,§101. Inhisreport, DainiusPūras emphasized states’ obligationsto respect, protect and fulfil 350 Report of theUNSpecial Rapporteur onthe Rightto Health, DainiusPūras, supra fn109, §8. 349 Dainius Pūras, supra UNdocA/HRC/35/21, fn125. supra 348 70/1, supra fn3,§18. cluding availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality’. in- requirements, right-to-health ‘critical meet also but universalized be only not should which services, health-care reproductive and sexual to and services care 347 (SDG target 3.7). tion, and to integrate reproductive health into national strategies and programmes- educa and information planning, family for including services, health-care tive reproduc- and sexual to access universal ensure to Development Sustainable for Agenda2030 the in states by made commitment the welcome must one lives, and health their of terms in price high a paying women in resulting challenge, global a remains health sexual and reproductive to rights around contestation political while that underlined It SDGs. the of implementation the in health reproductive and sexual to rights women’s protect better to need the on focused also practice in and law in women against safety,discrimination of and issue the health on WorkingGroup to the regard with women against discrimination on report a In Agenda2030 the with accordance in – that lined under- have they which in reports several presented have procedures special UN States’ ObligationsinInternationalHuman RightsLaw c. TheNeed toImplementtheSDGsinaManner ConsistentwithESCRand with physical health’.physical with parity in addressed policies public in priority new a be should ‘it as SDGs, the in prominently more figured have could health mental him, For SDGs. the in fined de- better havebeen could health to right the of elements important that derlined un- Puras, Dainius health, to right the SpecialRapporteuron the seen, have we As at nationallevelandthrough internationalcooperationandassistance. ity to the realization of ESCR and the SDGs in of the resourcesallocation available ments of ESCR. A number of special procedures have also asked ele- states to give key prior- mirror that targets SDG specific of implementation the for pushed have others while ESCR, with compared SDGs, the in gaps fill to need the emphasized haveprocedures special law. rights some human reports, international these in In obligations correlative their and ESCR with consistent is that manner a in SDGs powerful toolstoensureeffectiveandequitableachievementoftheGoals. health and correlative states obligations in international human rights law will be clarity,of lack and weakness show SDGs health-related the where that toright the Report States Report fn international 125, committed of of §§77, the the UN law, UN 351 83, The Working Group on called all states ‘to reaffirm and respect Special Working to 122(l). which implement 348 Dainius Puras also emphasized access to essential health- essential to access emphasized Purasalso Dainius Rapporteur See include Group also, the their on Report 2030 on the obligations the Issue Agenda of Right the of UN to Discrimination to in Health, Special respect, a 347 manner – states need to implementtheto need states – Dainius Rapporteur protect consistent Against Pūras, 349 and He then underlined on Women fulfil UN with the doc ESCR. their Right in A/HRC/29/33, Law obligations UNGA to 350 Health, and Res in mentioned The_New_Post_2015_Sustainable_development_Goals.pdf (last accessed 4December 2017). Development Goals, Right Rapporteur 357 Interim Report of theUNSpecial Rapporteur ontheRightto Food, HilalElver, supra fn109, §47. 356 Right to Food, UNdocA/HRC/31/51, 14December 2015, §60. of Right a her Committee 355 Ibid,§§91(a), 91(d). 354 66. 2015, §§4, ment ofprogressmade,includingwithrespecttoSDGtarget 11.1. assess- objective more a permit to indicators and methodologies definitions, agreed internationally apply governments subnational and states that and 11.1, target SDG with keeping in and rights human international upholds that manner a in possible, if earlier or 2030 by homelessness eliminating to commit states all that ommended gets, and overweight and obesity are not mentioned’. not are obesity and overweight and gets, tar- 169 the of 1 only in mentioned is ‘nutrition diseases, non-communicable to 3 SDG and ‘nutrition’ to refers explicitly 2 SDG while that fact the criticized She within all 17 Goals, as well as 50 indicators’. 50 as well as Goals, 17 all within interwoven‘arguably is which nutrition, to attention special without achieved be 353 Ibid,§104. 352 SDGs. the implementing at aimed policies national and global the in – food to right the of element key a – nutrition of inclusion comprehensive a for advocated Special Rapporteur on the right to food, Hilal Elver, presented a report in which she the ESCR, of elements key mirror that targets SDG specific forof implementation the pushed they which in reports produced who procedures special the Among homelessness. eliminate should states that implies which 2030, by slums upgrading to and services basic and housing affordable and safe adequate, to all for access ensure to states commits 11.1 target SDG homelessness, to reference explicit any omit SDGs the while Farha, ForLeilani mentioned. explicitly not is this if even SDGs, the of implementation the in central shouldbe it that argued and rights, man homelessness as an extreme violation of the right to adequate housing and other hu- in the SDGs. In March 2016, she presented a report on the issue, in which she defined gap important an as homelessness to references of absence Farha, the lani identified We have seen also that the Special Rapporteur on the right to adequate housing, Lei- programmes withintheframework ofinternationalhumanrightsstandards’. and policies laws, national develop to and adopted, they agreements the in health women’sconcerning provisions comprehensive the implement to Goals, opment Sustainablethe Devel- in and Cairo in and Beijing in made they commitments the similar a first gender Report to Ibid, Interim to Food, Food, report link the §43. on on perspective of in Report UN UN the SDGs World the his presented See doc doc Right final UN in Policy also of Food A/HRC/34/48, Special her A/69/275, report the to in Standing reports to Brief, Food, the Security UN the Rapporteur presented right Special November Olivier 7 UN on August Committee 24 to to the General food. the January De Rapporteur effects to on Schutter, 2014, SDGs. the 2014, the Respectively: Assembly Human on 2017, of Right §§58–60. Interim https://www.unscn.org/files/Publications/Nutrition__ pesticides Nutrition, Final on §105; to Rights 357 the in Adequate Report, Report Hilal Elver also explained that sev- that explained also Elver Hilal Report 2015, Report Right Her on Nutrition andthepost-2015 Sustainable Council the predecessor, Hilal supra of of to of 356 Housing, right the the Food, in the For her, the SDGs cannot SDGs the her,For Elver fn 2014. UN to UN UN 115, food, supra linked Special supra Special Special Olivier §§47–48. Report 354 and fn fn the Rapporteur Rapporteur De Rapporteur 109, 127, on of work Schutter, the the Hilal 30 353 §§43–50. integration UN She rec- She December of Elver the Special on on on 352 made also the the the UN 355 In
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 73 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 74 358 meracy). nu- and literacy achieve women, and men both adults, of proportion substantial a and youth all that (ensure 4.6 target SDG reach to women, being them of thirds two- illiterate, are who adults million 775 the of some reaching of means the sify diver- to systems education for need the underlined she report, this In 2017. June port on – non-formal another education key element of the right – to ineducation re- a presented and Singh Kishore replaced Barry Boly Koumbou 2016, August In the using possibly levels, global and national both at systems tracking systemic and collection data adequate ensure to need the including forms, its all in malnutrition eradicate to want states if addressed be should shortcomings eral trition Report,whichdraws ondatafromUNagencies. have responsibilities totheirfamiliesandemployers’. flexible provide schedules for working learners, which are ‘vital for reaching many can adults who also programmes education Non-formal programmes’. literacy adult including schooling, non-formal and learning informal as well as systems, vocational and tertiary school, secondary and primary education, and care hood child- early of system formal a includes that model learning lifelong a for provide for theinclusionoflifelonglearninginwork ofUNtreaty bodiesandtheUPR: men both and women, achieve literacy adults, and numeracy). At of the end of his report, he proportion advocated substantial a and youth all that (ensure 4.6 and entrepreneurship) and jobs decent employment, for skills, vocational and nical tech- including skills, haverelevant who adults and youth of number the increase (substantially 4.4 targets SDG by complemented is all”, for opportunities learning lifelong promote and education quality equitable and ‘inclusive ensure to aims need for states to take measures accordingly.measures take to states for need which he underlined the importance given to lifelong leaning in the SDGs, and the in – education to right the of element key a – learning lifelong on report a sented In 2016, the then Special Rapporteur on the right to education, Kishore Singh, pre- 359 Ibid,§§22,38. 362 Report of theSpecial Rapporteur ontheRightto Education, Kishore Singh,supra fn122,Summary. 361 Ibid,§111. 360 Report Interim suant to their commitments under the Education 2030agenda.suant totheircommitmentsundertheEducation education in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, as well as pur- Sustainableunder undertaken onresponsibility 4 their Goal Development byabide Governments that ensure should They also training. and learning education, for framework normative international the view in keeping ed, odic review should enquire into how lifelong learning is being implement- The United Nations treatybodiesandStates involved intheuniversalperi- 361 of Report For her, following the adoption of the SDGs, national education ‘should the Special of the Rapporteur UN Special on Rapporteur the Right on to Education, the Right 359 He underlined that SDG 4, which 4, SDG that underlined He to UN Food, doc 358 362 A/71/358,
Hilal Elver, 29 supra August fn 360 109, 2016, Global Nu- §§47–49. §§1, 63.
housing system and prevent speculation and excessive accumulation of wealth. of accumulation excessive and speculation prevent and system housing taxation and measures to re-establish housing as a social good, promote an inclusive include 11.1 target SDG achieve to governments local and states by developed gies 363 or thoseinlarge urbanareas(SDGtarget 1.aandSDG3)’. servants civil as such populations, privileged for services health favour tionately dispropor- not and services and goods facilities, health to access and distribution equitable prioritize should allocation ‘resource that underlined Puras Dainius da, MakingAgen2030 the and health to right the on report his in argument similar a - housing sector. For her, the in used is money way the change radically to essential is it that argued also She systems. housing in actors financial and finance al target 11.1 is to be achieved by 2030, it is essential to consider the role of internation- SDG if that underlined Farha Leilani housing, of financialization the on report a In on theeffectsofforeigndebthumanrights). Expert (Independent rights human all of enjoyment full Statesthe of on obligations financial international related other and of effects the on Expert Independent the and sanitation and water drinking safe to rights human the on Rapporteur Special ority to ESCR and the SDGs in the allocation of available resources, together with the dures’ proce- mandate holders who presented reports in special which they asked states to give the pri- among also are Singh Kishore and Puras Dainius Farha, Leilani Ibid, §102. 367 Report of theUNSpecial Rapporteur onthe Rightto Health, DainiusPūras, supra fn109, §44. 366 Ibid,§29. 365 Ibid,§77(b). 364 January 2017, §8. Report ing fruit’attheexpenseofmostmarginalizedandvulnerable. Sustainable Development Goals must not be tempted to target the ‘low-hang- the implementing actors other Statesand violence. and discrimination sion, health policies and break the vicious cycle of poverty, inequities, social exclu- public modern in investments sustainable for countries, developed and ing develop- in both way, the pave to momentum provides Agenda 2030 [t]he that become the sole preserveofthosewithwealth. that becomethesole centres urban and need, housing to respond not do that markets countable cialization under current regimes, however, creates the opposite effect: unac- Finanreach. - within well to be would 2030, by all for Goals, housing adequate ensure Development Sustainable the of 11.1 target it, of need in people for credit to access and housing affordable towards directed was amounts those of portion a even If live. millions which in conditions housing ferable insuf- the ameliorating towards directed is it of any into hardly that money is of housing amounts vast those of pouring the about stark so is [w]hat of the UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Adequate 363 She recommended that strate- that recommended She Housing, 366 365 For him, UN doc A/HRC/34/51, 367 364 18
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 75 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 76 pertise, development, goals attention to the needs of women and girls and those in vulnerable situations). vulnerable in those and girls and women of needs the to attention special paying defecation, open end and all for hygiene and sanitation equitable and adequate to access (achieve 6.2 and all) for water drinking affordable and safe to access equitable and universal (achieve 6.1 targets SDG implementing at aimed cooperationdevelopment of centre the at placed be should rights these of content normative the that argued then he sanitation, and water to rights the on cusing amount isthreetimeshigherthancurrentinvestmentlevels. this that and services, of sustainability the for prerequisite key a strengthening, estimated at $114 billion per year, excluding the cost of financial and institutional is 6.2 and 6.1 targets SDG meeting of cost capital total the that explained then He tion to achieve this target. this achieve to tion - educa in investment public increase states that essential is it Instead, education). secondary and primary quality and equitable free, complete boys and girls all that (ensure 4.1 target SDG of implementation the support can actors private how see ture education agenda’. fu- any in or country a of system education the in place no haveshould education nor equitable’ free neither is enterprises or proprietors private by provided ‘[e]ducation Forhim, 4. SDG achieve to education in investment public increase states instead, that, ed 368 actions’. and strategies cooperation strong of development the and tries coun- between cooperation and commitment global unprecedented require will Sustainablethatof AgendaGoals set 2030 Development broad the a that ‘contains Heller,Léo sanitation, underlinedand water drinking safe to rights human the on In a report on development cooperation presented in 2016, the Special Rapporteur 17.16, target SDG by encouraged partnerships, public-private for euphoria the about concerns expressed he which in – training and education commercialization and on public-private partnerships in technical and vocational against education protect to need the on – reports two presented Singh Kishore employment, decentjobsandentrepreneurship). for skills, vocational and technical including skills, relevant have who adults and youth of number the (increase 4.4 target SDG achieve to development, skills for countries develop innovative modalities of public-private partnerships, harnessed of and 369 Challenges for Implementation, IHRB,September 2015. Ibid,§67. 375 Ibid, §57. 374 supraUN docA/71/302, fn114, §1. 370 10 June2016, §108. 373 Report of theUNSpecial Rapporteur on theRightto Education, supra fn370, §73. 372 Report of theUNSpecial Rapporteur ontheRightto Education, Kishore Singh,supra fn369, §108. 371 the Business Report Report Report In in SDGs technology adopting all countries, of of has of (IHRB), complemented the the the not 369 SDG UN UN and UN , and the ‘pursuit of private interests and the commercialization of been Special in State of Play. Business and theSustainable Development Goals: Mind theGap – target Special Special financial particular addressed Rapporteur 17.16, 370 by Rapporteur Rapporteur He then explained that it is therefore difficult for him to multi-stakeholder resources, 371 developing states It is also imperative that governments in developing in governments that imperative also Itis in on this committed on the on to the publication. countries’. support the Right Right Human partnerships to to to Education, the ‘[e]nhance Education, The On Rights achievement role this 372 that UN to of issue, the Kishore Safe doc the mobilize global of A/70/342, private see Drinking the Singh, Institute partnership 375 and 368 sustainable sector and recommend- and Water UN share 26 doc August for in knowledge, and for the Human A/HRC/29/30, development sustainable 2015, Sanitation, realization 373 Rights §119. Fo ex 374 - -
he presentedthefollowingreasoning: ize ESCR and the SDGs. frameworks, in order to ensure that states have enough financial resources to real- relief debt and sustainability debt of redefinition a for called therefore hoslavsky 376 fi- nancial flows is essential also to realizing ESCR and the SDGs. illicit curbing that showed Bohoslavsky Pablo Juan 2016, and 2015 in sented pre- Agenda 2030 the and rights human flows, financial illicit on reports two In including the right to development, will be severely ESCR, undermined. and SDGs the realizing in progress debt, unsustainable reducing him, without For SDGs. the and ESCR realize to resources available on flows financial it illic- and debt foreign of effects the Bohoslavsky,Pabloanalysed Juan rights, man hu- on debt foreign of effects the on Expert Independent UN the reports, many In Agenda and underlined that, while the MDGs had remained silent on the issue, the on silent remained had MDGs the while that, underlined and Agenda 2030 the in flows financial illicit of effects detrimental the of recognition explicit 380 Ibid,§52. 379 Ibid, §86. 378 5August 2016, Summaryand§§43,52,86,87,A/71/305, 98,99. 94, 377 17July2017,A/72/153, §48. doc A/HRC/28/60, 10 February 2015. Financial Rights 15 January Report Final Report on Flows, ment Goalsandreach2015without anincreaseindebtratios’… ‘the level of debt that allows a country to achieve the Millennium Develop - rity and human rights for all’ that debt sustainability should be redefined as secu- development, towards freedom: larger ‘In entitled report his in posed pro- Nations, theUnited of Secretary-General then Annan, Kofi 2005, In cial andculturalrightsortoensureprogressinattainingtheGoals. so- funds insufficient wouldthat economic, cisively core protect to remain de- so States of space fiscal the reduce would debt the back pay to needed Development 17Sustainable amounts the if sustainable be to said the be cannot service debt or Debt Goals. attaining for needs financing the and ment should take into consideration the human rights obligations of States SustainableDevelop- Agendafor 2030 the in sustainability debt long-term determine to used methodology [T]he … distress’ debt reduce to countries poor indebted highly of debt external the address and appropriate, as ing, restructur- debt and relief debt financing, debt fostering at aimed policies coordinated through sustainability debt long-term attaining in countries broader target 17.4 of Sustainable Development Goal 17: ‘Assist developing the became 8, Goal Development Millennium of countries’, developing of What used to be target 8.D, ‘Deal comprehensively with the debt problems Illicit Study 2016; of of Financial Human the the by Interim the UN UN Rights UN Independent Independent Flows, Study Independent 377 and by Human With reference to what was required to meet the MDGs, the the Expert Expert Agenda UN Rights Expert Independent on on 2030 and on the the the the Effects Effects for Effects Expert Agenda Sustainable of of of on Foreign Foreign 2030 Foreign the Development, Effects for Debt Debt Debt Sustainable on on of 380 on Foreign Human Human He welcomed the Human 376 UN Juan Pablo Bo- doc Development, Debt Rights, Rights, Rights 378 A/HRC/31/61, on 379 on UN UN Human Illicit doc doc UN
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 77 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 78 implementing the[SDGs]andrealizingrighttohealth’. torelevant laws,practices of and monitoring policies and implementation design, the in participate to empowered are situations, vulnerable most the in those ular on SDGtarget 16.4isachieved,andthatallrelevantactorsareheldtoaccount’. progress that ensure to 2030 Agenda the of process review and monitoring the in role active an play to ‘continue organizations society civil that recommended he ‘make visibletherealityandneedsofmarginalizedpopulations”. support review and accountability in the implementation of the [SDGs]’, as well as to lated data, using both qualitative and quantitative methods, to monitor progress and health-re- of disaggregation and collection through vulnerable most the prioritize 381 ability. account - and review support and SDGs the and health to right the of realization the ed data to identify disparities where targeted efforts are required, monitor progress in In the same report, Dainius Puras insisted on the need for states to collect disaggregat- levels’. all atdecision-making representative and participatory inclusive, responsive, ‘ensure to aims which 16.7, target SDG through including participation, ensure to ments commit- important include also they that and process, participatory uniquely a on the right to health, Dainius Puras, underlined that the SDGs were born through Rapporteur Special the Agenda, 2030 the and health to right the on report his In collect disaggregateddatatoreachthem. and indicators disaggregated define to as well as SDGs, the of implementation the in behind left are who those and vulnerable most the of participation ensure to In their thematic reports, several UN special procedures have emphasized the need and DatatoReach theMost Vulnerable andThoseWhoAreLeftBehind d. TheNeed toEnsureParticipation andtheUse ofDisaggregatedIndicators 16.4). target (SDG assets stolen of return and recovery the en states have now pledged to significantly reduce illicit financial flows and strength- an annual basis to monitor progress in implementing target 16.4’. target implementing in progress monitor to basis annual an on flows financial illicit of composition and volume the of ‘estimates publish to 2030. by 16.4 target SDG achieve to take should states that measures of number a fied Ibid, §§103(e), 103(w). 388 Ibid,§53. 387 Ibid,§103(f). See also, Ibid,§24. 386 Report of theSpecial Rapporteur ontheRightto Health, Dainius Pūras, supra fn109, §22. 385 Ibid,§98. 384 Ibid,§90. 383 Ibid,§§75–88. 382 Financial Flows, supra fn380, §4. Final 382 387 He asked the International also Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank Study He then recommended that UN Member States ‘identify disparities and disparities ‘identify States Member UN that recommended then He 385 For him, states should therefore ensure that ‘rights holders, in partic- in holders, ‘rights that ensure therefore should Forstates him, by the UN Independent Expert on the Effects of Foreign Debt 386 on 381 388 Human He then identi- then He 383 Furthermore, Rights on Illicit 384 390 Aguilar, supra fn341, §94(also §§99, 102). 392 Ibid,§77. 391 Aguilar, supra fn340, §9. which sheunderlinedthat Assembly,General UN in the to policies inclusive disability on report a presented 389 at nationallevel,makingalinkwithstates’obligationsundertheCRPD. For her, indicators context-specific produce disability,and by indicators SDG all and data disaggregate states that requested Aguilar Devandas Catalina report, same the In imperative’. is Development Sustainable for Agenda 2030 the of process monitoring and implementation the of aspects all in organizations representative their and disabilities with persons of ‘participation that fact the on Aguilar,Devandas Catalina disabilities, with insisted persons of rights the on teur In a report presented to the Human Rights Council in 2016, the UN Special Rappor- lated sons surveys the most publicpolicies,aswell as theindicators for theSustainable Development Goals’. Ibid, §73. questions with by Ibid, Report Report and the cies and programmes that are inclusive of persons withdisabilities. cies andprogrammesthatareinclusiveofpersons States and relevant stakeholders collaborate to design and implement poli- all that requires behind disabilities with persons no Leaving coordination. intersectoral and coherence policy ensure to as well as programmes, and portunity to include persons with disabilities adequately across all policies targets of the Sustainable Development Goals. That represents a unique op- States will conduct a review of their national policies against the goals and most SustainableDevelopment, Agendafor 2030 the of Withadoption the plans toalignthemtheGoals. development national their review they as years, 15 next the for policies disability-inclusive implement and design to States for excep- opportunity tional an represents disabilities, with persons to references several tain con- which 2015, in Goals Development Sustainable the of adoption [t]he ment policies to give effect to the rights of persons withdisabilities. ment policiestogiveeffecttherightsofpersons imple- and formulate to them enable to data and statistics collect Statesto cle 31 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities requires disability.by Arti- data disaggregate to required are States indicators, such goals and concerns tailored to their particular country context. To produce addition, States may need to develop national indicators to address specific ment Develop- Goals and the disaggregation of all indicators by ‘disability status’. In Sustainable the in outlined indicators disability the including indicators, appropriate generating for system timely a have should States disabilities §72. demographic Washington of of to Catalina the the national UN UN in Special Special national Devandas Group surveys and health Rapporteur Rapporteur on surveys (for Aguilar Disability surveys) example, and added on on Statistics censuses the the will household that Rights Rights 390 enable ‘[t]he provides in of of an the income short Persons Persons internationally disaggregation a well-tested set and of with with expenditure six Disabilities, Disabilities, questions 389 comparable method of h sm ya, she year, same The data surveys, on for needed Catalina Catalina disability manner. identifying labour to Devandas Devandas 391 392 monitor Adding formu- force per -
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 79 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 80 393 mobility,human facilitating for agenda 2035 a of creation the for cated advo- he which in 2017, June in Council Rights Human the to report a presented Crépeau, François migrants, of rights human the on RapporteurSpecial then The declaration ontherighttointernationalsolidarity. a adopt to were UN the if implemented better be would development), tainable sus- for partnership global and implementation of (means 17 SDG especially and human rights and international solidarity, Virginia Dandan, argued that the SDGs, on Expert Independent then the reports, several In states. by commitments tional to promote the adoption of new international instruments or request new interna- Finally, it is worth noting that at least three special procedures have used the SDGs Support theImplementationofSDGs e. TheNeed toAdopt New InstrumentsandMake New Commitmentsto ensure thattheSDGsandtheirtargets addressthesituationofaffectedgroups. communities, and that states should consider including caste-specific indicators to crimination is a major cause of poverty, inequality and social exclusion of affected the systems, analogous and dis- such that Izsak-Ndiaye,explained Rita issues, caste minority SpecialRapporteuron of basis the on discrimination on report a In concrete meaning to SDG targets 10.7 (orderly, safe, regular and responsible mi- responsible and regular safe, (orderly, 10.7 targets SDG to meaning concrete HRC/32/43, 395 to theHRC inJune2017. put 394 396 HRC/35/35, supra §67. fn394, International movements at be 19 derly adopted Agenda for Facilitating HumanMobility, UNdocA/HRC/35/25, 28April2017, Summaryand§8. which presented September the Report The and See Report draft … two attainment ofthe2030Agenda forSustainable Development. commit- international ments to be nurtured and advanced. As such, it would be instrumental to the allowing partnerships, global anchor would right intellectual property, migration, labour and the environment … Notably, that transfer, technology debt, foreign aid, finance, investment, trade, for ments arrange - equitable more and globalization of regulation just a for stituency con- global a building in essential is right that Furthermore, rights. human on change climate of impact adverse the including challenges, global other and poverty,inequality of causes structural the addressing in tool powerful a is solidarity international to right the that recognition formal the closer ly a UN Report regular
The declaration on the right to international solidarity would bring - significant 27 of of UN Solidarity, global for Special of refugees April the 2016, Declaration Declaration adoption. the of migration, UN compacts, 2016, the the Independent Rapporteur Special UN and Independent UN Summary establishes Report doc migrants, on General Rapporteur to one the A/HRC/35/35, be made of on Right Expert adopted and the Assembly refugees at Expert a this two-year §43(a); which Special on to on International Minority proposal at on 25 Human and the held the Report Rapporteur April Human process New the Issues, UN a in 2017, Rights other high-level of York in the Solidarity Rights leading the 2018. UN on §§7–8, context Declaration for Independent and doc the 394 and safe, In to plenary A/HRC/31/56, in For her, Human International 36, an his of International Annex orderly international the 67. report, for meeting Rights The Expert global to Refugees and this Independent he 28 Solidarity, of regular on Solidarity, compact last explained on January Migrants conference 395 Human and report addressing migration, Migrants 396 for 2016, UN UN Rights Expert presented on that to give to safe, in doc a doc §126. 2035 2018 large ‘[o]n 393 was and has will or A/ A/ - His Visit to BurkinaFaso, DocA/HRC/7/9/Add.1, 11 February 2008. 25 Foreign implementing 2008, safeguarding itsvitallinktobindinginternationalhumanrightsobligations. also while slums), upgrade and services basic and housing affordable and safe equate, ad- to all for access (ensure 11.1 target SDG to meaning give and concretize elaborate, to opportunity critical a later,represented year a organized be to Development Urban which she underlined that Habitat III, the UN Conference on Housing and Sustainable in 2015, October in Assembly General UN the to report a Farha,presented Leilani ing, hous- adequate Specialto the Rapporteurright that the note on to interesting It also is facilitating human mobility in the next 15 years. 15 next the in mobility human facilitating of migrants,asrequestedinthe2030Agenda’. at facilitating migration and mobility and protecting the human and labour rights vide states with ‘short-, medium- and long-term achievable goals and targets aimed 397 the implementation oftheSDGsatnationallevel. human rights ‘on the ground’. It placesalso them in an ideal position to scrutinize ofimplementation the concerning aspects operational practical, and work mative nor- bridge to opportunity unique rather a with them equips This visits. country conducting through practice, in ESCR with comply states how assessing in role UN special procedures – with both thematic and country mandates – play a critical 2. Countr recom- make mendations to UN Member States on the implementation to of the SDGs with a HRBA. position unique a in are they ESCR, on debt foreign of effects the and solidarity international of promotion the minorities; and persons older grants, mi- disabilities, with persons women, of rights the ESCR; of protection the cluding in- mandates, Havingbroad reports. very thematic their in ESCR realize to seek that SDGs the of monitoring the include systematically more should procedures special In conclusion, it can be said that even though lots of work has already been done, UN environments for all workers, including migrants). gration and mobility of people) and 8.8 (labour rights and safe and secure working better-governed mobility.better-governed of importance the acknowledged states all that demonstrated SDGs the in grants 401 Ibid,§83. 400 Ibid,Summary. 399 Ibid,§39. 398 for therightsof migrants andhumanmobility. Ibid,Summaryand§§40–41 and 81. example, 402 2015, §§32–35. May François Report During the 2011; Debt conducted main the on y Visit of Report the Crépeau objective the Human MDG MDGs UN country of period, also the on Special Rights being the included UN visits the realization on Independent Rapporteur to 398 Independent His assess to The 2035 agenda would include eight goals, aimed at aimed goals, eight include would agenda 2035 The SDG Australia Visit the targets of to on ESCR. Expert Australia effects Expert and the 10.c, Report Right the on of on 16.b, and development the Solomon the to of 400 Solomon Effects 16.3, the Adequate
effects 399 402 UN 397 Islands 16.9 Its objective would be to pro- to be would objective Its of For him, the inclusion of mi- Independent of Islands, programmes Foreign and foreign Housing, in 17.18, 2011 UN Debt debt doc supra as Expert and and on relevant on A/HRC/17/37/Add.1, to Human human fn policies on Burkina 126, the SDG 401 rights, Rights Effects 4 aimed Faso targets August for on of at in
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 81 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 82 403 He madeacomparableanalysisafterhisvisittoTajikistan: his findingsasfollows: level of the realization of SDG 6. In his report on his visit to Bostwana, he presented Heller,Léo sanitation, and water thedrinking monitored safe to rights human the on Rapporteur Special the 2015, in Tajikistan and Botswana to visits his During grammes, andtoprotectwomen’s rights intheimplementation oftheSDGs. pro- and policies laws, these of design the in groups vulnerable of participation ensure to need the on focused also have procedures special Some behind. left are programmes to implement the SDGs and reach the most vulnerable and and those who policies laws, rights-based human of adoption the for pushed them of jority curb illicit financial flows andhomelessness, protect the rights of persons witheliminate disabilities. A ma- to need the as such reports, thematic their in on cused fo- they issues same the emphasized have procedures special of number A MDGs. the reach to required was what with SDGs the under required is what comparing often ESCR, realize to seek that SDGs of realization of level the procedures monitored special have some reports, visit country their in SDGs the included have they When SDGs. the of implementation the in HRBA a for advocate to visits try Since the adoption of the SDGs, several special procedures have made use of coun- 404 His Mission to Botswana, UNdocA/HRC/33/49/Add.3, 13July2016, §21. His Mission to Tajikistan, UNdocA/HRC/33/49/Add.2, 13July2016, §47. Report Report sludge management. and construction latrine on guidance any provide to seem not does rently not safely disposed of, which is usually the case, since the Government cur- is excreta if target this meet not may households individual by managed latrine pit A sanitation. ‘adequate’ on target the meet to required be will sanitation of management safe Goals, Development Sustainable new the Under service. sanitation ‘improved’ an considered was it as Goals, ment Develop- Millennium ofTajikistanthe in of sanitation monitoring the under rate coverage high very a to contributed usage latrine pit of rate high latrine pit with slab. Those a who manage pit use latrines do so to entirely by themselves. estimated This is population rural the of cent per 90 Over isanurgentDevelopment, endingopendefecation priority. a matter of dignity and privacy. Under the 2030 Agenda for the Sustainable also but health, public of matter a only not is defecation Open open defecation. practice still cent), per (34 areas rural in particularly cent), per (14 population the of proportion significant A sanitation. improved to access ‘improved’ water sources is even lower. In rural areas, only 43 per cent have to access with households of proportion the Delta, Okavango the as such to piped networks in rural areas still remains at 45 per cent. In remote areas access networks, water piped expanded significantly has Botswana While of of the the UN UN Special Special Rapporteur Rapporteur 404 on on the the Human Human Right Right to to Safe Safe Drinking Drinking Water Water 403 and and Sanitation Sanitation on on 407 Sanitation, Léo Heller, Mexico City, 12May 2017. Ibid, §96(c). 408 El Salvador, UNdocA/HRC/33/49/Add.1, 3August 2016, §12. then recommendedthatthegovernmentelaborate 406 Ibid,§56. 405 2030’. by sanitation and water to access universal ensuring on sively,6 Goal dor to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals and in particular, but not exclu- to realize the human rights to water and to sanitation would, in turn, help El Salva- gradually ‘work that highlighted he 2016, May in Salvador El to mission his After no individuals,familiesorcommunitiesareleftwithout adequateservices’. that priority highest the ‘Mexicoas that impliesensure which must behind’, no-one targets to achieve the SDGs, and that a key message of that process has been to ‘leave and plans national place in put to needs government the that underlined in he which statement a made Heller Léo 2017, May in Mexico to mission his of end the At required bytheSDGswithwhatwasachievedduringMDGperiod. is what and efforts, national its with level international the at plays country the that role the Tajikistan,compared to he recommendations and conclusions his In Report End Sustainable DevelopmentGoals,towhichElSalvadorhassubscribed. the with conformity in services, to access has population country’s the of whole the that ensure to measures actual for provision make and dations recommen- and proposals assessments, its all of core the at rights human of substance normative the set should plan society.The civil of sentatives repre- and boards water rural the as such providers, service other involves that process participatory a via sanitation and water for plan national the stateless persons. stateless persons. and seekers asylum refugees, and people resettled areas, rural in girls and women including groups, vulnerable most the of needs the address to and sanitation and water to access in disparities eliminate to particularly tion, implementa- and allocation budgetary policies, and legislation national into level global the at made commitment the translate should ernment on other impact rights, such as the negative rights to health, education, direct work and life. The Gov- a has and sanitation, and water to rights man sanitation in public institutions is a serious concern with regard to the hu- and water of lack The collapse. of verge the on is period, Soviet the during built was which infrastructure, country’s the of most and though, Goals, of Sustainablethe under Developmentcriteria levels new the meet not may service The sanitation. and water improved to access of coverage high achieved country the Goals, the Development Under Millennium the Life’. of framework for ‘Water Action, for Decade International the in lead the taking level, global the at water of champion a as known Tajikistanis of of Mission the UN Statement Special Rapporteur 405 by the UN on the Special Human Rapporteur Right to Water on the and Human Sanitation Rights on to His Water 406 Mission 407 408 He He and to
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 83 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 84 2016, §71. Bohoslavsky, 413 UN docA/HRC/31/54/Add.1, 23December 2015, §65. 412 Ibid,§86(b). 411 Ibid,§85. 410 doc A/HRC/34/51/Add.1, 10 January2017, §84. (SDG) target 11.1’. with keeping in 2030, by it eliminating to view a with priority rights human a as homelessness ‘address governments state and central that recommended also She its policy goals and ensure that the review of economic and financial policies of policies financial and economic of review the that ensure and goals policy its 409 action. adequate take to States Member encourage to SDGs, the of implementation the and ESCR a comprehensive monitoring and establish accountability framework within to the EU covering efforts additional make to EU the asked he EU, the of institutions the to mission his After Panama. and Tunisia (EU), Union European the to visits his on statements or reports his in SDGs the to references Bohoslavsky,included The Independent Expert on the effects of foreign debt on human rights, Juan Pablo ter andsanitationwiththeSDGs: wa- on strategy new a Verde,of Cabo adoption to the mission linked her she After sultations with specific municipalities that will be engaged in its implementation. con- ample with homelessness, on strategy new a of development the for process ry to ending homelessness as a priority, in line with the SDGs, and ensure a participato- in which she recommended that the national and subnational governments commit Leilani Farha also focused on homelessness in her report on her mission to Portugal, 11.1. target SDG particular in and SDGs, the implementing to commitments al and in new legislation, which would set India on track for meeting its internation- ments recognize and implement housing as a human right in existing programmes govern- Verde.state and central that recommended she India, to mission her After Cabo and Portugal India, to visits her on reports her in SDGs the to references ed includ- Farha, Leilani housing, adequate to right the on Rapporteur Special The Report Report Report ly adoptedSustainable DevelopmentGoals. recent- the from inspiration taking reduction, poverty and equality gender and Spatial Planning. The strategy aims at contributing to social inclusion, HousingEnvironment, the of Ministry the and Environment the for torate Direc- National Agency,the Regulation Economic Agency,the Sanitation andWater National the by adopted strategy joint a is This one. have not do currently that homes in bathrooms 32,500 of installation the and 2030 by water of litres 40 of consumption daily minimum a on water,counting of quality and quantity the enhance to aims It adoption. pending is 2020, A new social and gender strategy for the water and sanitation sector, 2015– of of on of the the the His UN UN UN Visit 413 410 Special Independent Special He also recommended that the EU incorporate the SDGs into SDGs the incorporate EU the that recommended also He to Institutions Rapporteur Rapporteur Expert of the on on on European the the the Right Right Effects Union, to to Adequate of Adequate Foreign UN 412 doc Housing Housing Debt A/HRC/34/57/Add.1, on on on Human Her Her Visit Mission Rights, to 28 Cabo to Juan December India, Verde, Pablo 409 UN 411
417 Rights, JuanPablo Bohoslavsky, Panama City, 10 May 2017. 416 Pablo Bohoslavsky, Tunis, 28February 2017. 418 Norway, UNdocA/HRC/35/35/Add.1, 19May 2017, §15. the government for its role in the promotion of the SDGs at a global level, global a at SDGs the of promotion the in role its for government the illicit financialflowsontherealizationofESCRandSDGs. May 2017, he issued a statement in which he focused on the detrimental impact of responsibility for each SDG allotted to a coordinating ministry. coordinating a to allotted SDG each for responsibility withprocess, budget the to linked SDGs, the on up following for plan a of opment of Ibid,§79(b). 421 Ibid, §17. 420 Norway, supra fn417, §14. 415 Ibid,§81and83(e). 414 the progress it had made with for regard to the progressive realization of ESCR, as well government as its the commended Dandan Virginia Morocco, to visit her After standards, and norms rights human relevant with line in were SDGs the meet to efforts international and national that ensure to seek would it that stressed government the which Norway,during to mission her After rocco. Mo- and Norway to missions her on reports her in SDGs the mentioned Dandan, Virginia solidarity, international and rights human on Expert Independent The by the SDGs and the Tunisian Government”. institutions can contribute to this, by aligning their lending to priorities identified Tunisia’,of obligations rights human multilateralbinding and ‘[b]ilateral that and and SDGs the by guided be also should institutions financial international with collaboration in implemented programmes reform ‘[m]acro-economic that lined Plan. Development National its in SDGs the integrating continue izing human rights and achieving the SDGs, and he encouraged the government to ex- Bohoslavsky Pablo Juan plained that 2017, it is essential to Februaryensure that public resources are in directed towards real- Tunisia to visit his of end the At to as SDGs economic andfinancialtargets. the and ESCR to attention of level same the gives States Member its implementation of the SDGs. the in made progress on meeting, HLPF 2016 the at reported, already having for work onmeasuringprogressintheimplementation oftheSDGs. frame- the with well very in fit would discussions these that underlining policy, foreign and development to HRBA its of impact the evaluate to OHCHR, cluding she encouraged the government to engage in discussions with all stakeholders, in- 419 www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sdgadvocates (last accessed 4December 2017). 17 Report The End End Report eminent Prime of of mission Mission of of persons the the Minister Independent Independent Statement statement assisting of Norway by by the Expert Expert the the is UN 419 Co-Chair UN UN 414 She also commended the government for its devel- Secretary-General on on Independent Independent Human Human of the Rights Rights Sustainable Expert Expert 415 and and in At the end of his visit to Panama in the on on International International Development campaign Foreign the Effects Debt to Solidarity Solidarity of achieve 416 Goals 417 and Foreign she commended she 421 420 Human He then under- then He Advocates, Furthermore, on on the Debt Her Her SDGs, Rights, on Mission Mission 418 a Human http:// group and Juan to to
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 85 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 86 425 Ibid,§73(a). 424 Ibid,Summary. 423 Morocco, UNdocA/HRC/32/43/Add.1, 27 April 2016, §72. Sustainable DevelopmentGoals’. theby required as frameworks, institutional and policy legal, in goal cross-cutting andstand-alone a as ‘both treated be should rights these that recommended it and consideration’other to subject not are that rights human fundamental are rights so thatthepublicso could bemadeaware oftheirdirectimplications forMorocco. format simplified a in publicized widely be SDGs the that recommended also She 422 of rights the persons with disabilities on encouraged the authorities Rapporteurto ensure that the seventh Special Na- the 2016, April in Zambia to visit her After Goals’. Development Sustainable the under foreseen strategy the with accordance in goal, stand-alone a as visibility of degree high a have not do empowerment women’s and women against discrimination of elimination ‘the but Hungary, in place in are women, and men between equality of guarantee constitutional a with women, for tunities oppor- equal for frameworks policy and institutional legislative, that It concluded 2016. May in Hungary to mission its after SDGs the with links made practice in and law in women against discrimination of issue the on WorkingGroup The agenda’. development future the of thrust main a is system tion - educa inclusive an ‘building that stated He also outcomes’. learning effective and relevant to leading education secondary and primary quality and equitable free, complete boys and girls all that ‘ensure to 4.1, target SDG through particular in free of cost. He underlined that Fidji had made a number of political commitments, all, for education quality universal, ensure to need the on focused Fidji,he to visit his After Chile. and Fidji to missions his on reports his in SDGs the to references included Singh, Kishore education, to right the on Rapporteur Special then The near achievement of the MDGs by the end of 2015. notable examples inthecontextofSustainable DevelopmentGoals’. are Chile in areas key several in laws education ‘new that underlined he Chile, to tion towards the attainment of the new Sustainable Development Goals by 2030’. by Goals SustainableDevelopment new the of attainment the towards tion ac- harmonized more and levels, international and national the both at operation, development initiatives through a well-integrated approach to development and co- the Constitution, and encouraged the Government to ‘continue refining its national in cooperation and solidarity to accorded importance the and rights human of tion Ibid, §91. 428 Practice onItsMission to Hungary, UNdocA/HRC/35/29/Add.1, April2017, 21 §25. 427 HRC/35/24/Add.1, 3April 2017, §23. 426 HRC/32/37/Add.1, 13June 2016, §12,107. Report Report Report Report of of of of the the the the UN Independent UN UN Special Special Working 427 Rapporteur t hrfr rmne te oenet ht ‘women’s that government the reminded therefore It Rapporteur Expert Group on on 428 on Human on the the the Issue Right Rights Right of to Discrimination to and Education Education 422 International She also welcomed the recogni- on on Against His his Mission Solidarity Mission Women 425 to After his visit his After to on Chile, Fiji, in Her 426 Law UN UN Mission doc. doc and 424 423 A/ A/ to in
mission HRC/34/48/Add.2, on 431 Ibid,§76. 430 Zambia, UNdocA/HRC/34/58/Add.2, 19December 2016, §§18,81(j). 429 ing thehumanrightscommitmentsincludedinit: emphasiz- Agenda, 2030 the mentioned Alston, Philip rights, human and poverty extreme on Rapporteur Special the Arabia, Saudi to mission his on report his In a humanrights-basednationalreviewsupervisionsystem”. curity and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture”, and establish Sustainable Development Goals, particularly Goal 2: “End hunger, achieve food se- the implement to efforts (their) ‘[c]ontinue should Paraguay and Poland food, to right the to regard with obligations rights human their meet fully to order her,in mendation to Poland and Paraguay, after her visits to the two countries in 2016. For The Special Rapporteur on the right to food, Hilal Elver, presented a similar recom- disabilities. with persons to relation in progress monitor to indicators clear with sectors, ious of governance and would prioritize the mainstreaming of disability across the var- levels all at SDGs the incorporate would 2017–2021 for Plan Development tional a cross-cutting matter.cross-cutting a mentation of the SDGs in Zambia include the with rights disabilities of inpersons Paraguay afterhervisittothecountry inDecember2015. of 432 Paraguay, UNdocA/HRC/34/58/Add.1, December 21 2016, §§20, 89. 433 ment theSustainable Development Goals’. Ibid,§21. Arabia, UNdocA/HRC/35/26/Add.3, 28April2017, §11. policy Her Report Report Report Report Mission to initiatives in apotentiallypositivedirection. evolving is society Saudi issues, those of Visionsome Withto 2030. regard by raised those including attention, warrant that Kingdom the in issues rights human important other are there that acknowledged be should it issues, crucial those of most on progress little too all indicate reports cent re- While women. against discrimination and minorities religious against onment of peaceful protesters, the use of the death penalty, discrimination impris- and arrest arbitrary the as such Arabia Saudi in issues rights man hu- to attention drawn long has community rights human international The … treaties rights human international and Rights Human of laration Dec- Universal the in grounded be should development sustainable that world’. the Agenda2030 The Sustainablefor ideathe on based in is turn in Development everywhere promoting are Nations United the that ment Develop- Sustainable for Agenda 2030 the with ‘corresponds 2030 Vision that Kingdom the to visit recent a during observed Secretary-General The Poland, of of of of 429 to the the the the She also urged the UN to advocate that efforts to support the imple- the support to efforts that advocate to UN the urged also She Poland, 27 Hilal to UN Special UN UN achieve January Special Elver Special Special UN Rapporteur 430 also food doc 2017, She made similar recommendations to the authorities ofauthorities the to recommendations similar made She Rapporteur Rapporteur Rapporteur noted A/HRC/34/48/Add.1, security, §106(v). on that on Extreme food on on ‘[i]n Report the the the safety recent Right Poverty 433 Rights Rights of and 27
the to years, December Food sustainable UN of of and Persons Persons the Special on Human Government Her 2016, Rapporteur agriculture, with with 431 Mission Rights 432 §73(n). Disabilities Disabilities has on to on Paraguay, in His In introduced an the her Mission on effort on Right report Her Her UN to to an to Visit Visit doc on imple- Saudi array Food her A/ to to
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 87 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 88 April2017,21 §12. 436 www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/NHRA/Somalia_en.pdf (last accessed 4December 2017). the 434 equally the realization of ESCR and progress towards the achievement of the SDGs. pursuing and principles rights human integrating adequately are processes taken under- the whether of understanding an with bodies international and regional able, as they are context-specific and provide states, civilsociety organizations and valu- extremely are visits, country on based recommendations coupledwith level, national the at initiate can they that dialogues The systematically. more this do could they but visits, country their in SDGs the of monitoring the include to forts ef- significant made have procedures special UN that said be can it conclusion, In us inthelightofenjoymenthumanrights. adoption of the SDGs in 2015, it is time to assess sustainable development in Belar- the with that underlined he literacy,but and children of enrolment tancy,school expec- life as such MDGs, the of implementation the measure to used were which indicators, development certain on data statistical satisfactory provided istration admin- national the that noted Haraszti, Miklós Belarus, in rights human of tion situa- the on Rapporteur Special the 2017, June in presented report a in Finally, of actioninhumanrights. plan the including plans, national previous on builds and poverty of causes the of lihood, empowerthepoorandimplement theSDGs;thatit is basedonananalysis live- basic support to aims plan development national the that fact the welcomed tional development plan by the government, in consultation with civil society. He na- a of adoption the welcomed Nyanduga, Bahame Somalia, in rights human of situation the on Expert Independent the 2016, September in presented report a In environmental degradation. from child labour and malnutrition, gender inequality, lack of basic sanitation and most suffer people where areas, rural society,in of particularly sectors vulnerable ticularly vulnerable. She underlined the need to continue efforts to reach the most and growing income disparities render those just above the poverty threshold par- the benefits of development have not been enjoyed equally by all sectors ofsociety which in context a in SDGs the implement to strategies elaborate to government the of commitment the welcomed Smith, Rhona Cambodia, in rights human of situation the on Rapporteur Special the 2016, September in presented report a In SDGs intheirreports. the to references made country,3 particular a in situation rights human the itor It is also worth noting that among the 12 UN special procedures mandated to mon- HRC/33/64, 435 HRC/33/62, 5September 2016, §5. Action Report Report Report Plan 15 of of of the September for the the Special the Special Independent Implementation Rapporteur 2016, Rapporteur 435 §§20–21. 434 Expert on of the on the on In Situation the previous the Human Situation Situation of Rights years, Human of of 436 Roadmap the Human Human Rights government Rights in for Rights Belarus, Somalia in of in Cambodia, Somalia UN Somalia, 2015–2016, doc A/HRC/35/40, had UN UN adopted doc doc http:// A/ A/ Workers up CESCR Treaty%20Body%20MembersGenevaAcademGeneva.pdf ch/joomlatools-files/docmanfiles/The%20Independence%20of%20UN%20Human%20Rights%20 439 ber of theEuropean Unionorby theUnited States of America. 438 on itsDevelopment, Clarendon Press, 1995,pp30–105. Rights’, Families (Migrant Workers Convention), which has 51 states parties; states 51 has which WorkersConvention), (Migrant Families WorkersMigrant All of Rights the of Protection the on tion Membersand Theirof Conven- International the parties; states 196 has (CRC),which Child the of Rights the on Convention the parties; states 189 has (CEDAW),Womenwhich Against Discrimination of Forms All of Elimination the on Convention International the and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), which has 166 states parties (as of 23 October 2017); SDGs that seek to realize ESCR theare the of International Covenant on monitoring Economic, Socialthe and ESCR of protection the for treaties relevant most The present theirrecommendationsintheformof‘concludingobservations’. ‘The 437 bodies treaty that underlined bodies treaty rights human UN the of Chairpersons In January 2015, in their joint statement on the post-2015 development agenda, the goals, andtheysentcontributionstotheHLPFmeetingsin20162017. and agenda development sustainable post-2015 rights-based human a design to As we have seen, human rights treaty bodies have been active in convincing states the treaty. by protected rights the of violations alleging communications examine to thority au- the have them of most and obligations, corresponding their and treaty the in ports from states parties on the measures taken to implement the rights enshrined re- periodic examine bodies treaty All experts. independent of composed bodies treatyby monitored is treaties rights human UN main the of implementation The 1995; was Discrimination (ICERD),whichhas178statesparties. parties and the International states Convention on the 175 Elimination of All Formshas of Racialwhich (CRPD), Disabilities with Persons of Rights the on vention Academy Truscan, Procedures Before theUNHumanRightsBodies:Divergence orConvergence?, ishr_simpleguide_eng_final_final_dec15.pdf (last accessed 4 December 2017). to theUN Treaty Bodies, Challenges, revised Remedies’, and D. The of C. created Development the It On Regarding M. and Golay edn, is in The Independence of UNHumanRights Treaty Body Members, and C. treaty the of Monitoring Role worth P. in its R. Oxford
Kluwer 437 by Members International Alston (eds), A. work Craven, initial At the end of their examination of states parties’ reports, treaty bodies bodies Eide, ECOSOC, noting the of University of Economic, SocialandCultural RightsinInternational Law: Contemporary Issues and Law (ed), work, C. composition Economic, The International Covenant onEconomic, SocialandCultural Rights:APerspective UN of is that Krause International, provided Their pursuant The United NationsandHumanRights.ACritical Appraisal, treaty ISHR, see, Humanitarian the Press, Families and in Social International revised bodies particular, for and to A. 2014; by Resolution 2001; Rosas and (Migrant workings in the edn, Law of relation A. Cultural P. International treaties (eds) Rosas Convention 2015, and UN Trea Alston, Workers 1985/17, of Economic, SocialandCultural Rights:ATextbook, Human to Rights and themselves, https://www.ishr.ch/sites/default/files/documents/ UN ESCR, ‘The Convention) M. treaty (last Service on 28 Rights, Committee in , ‘Implementation Scheinin, see, the t International May accessed y B bodies, with Protection e.g., for 1985. 2012, 439 Human odies has the E. on 4 Academy see, Riedel, Regarding not https://www.genevaacademy. exception Economic, December Law’, of Rights been e.g., the G. in In-Brief W. Intersentia, ratified Rights Giacca (ISHR), of E. the Social 2017). Vandenhole, the Clarendon Riedel, Mechanisms creating 438 of CESCR, and No Simple Guide by and the Con- the The All any 1, G. C. 2004; Cultural Migrant Geneva setting Giacca of Golay, which mem- Press, 2nd and The the I.
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 89 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 90 Contribution of theUNhumanrightstreaty bodiesto the2016 HLPFmeeting, supra fn206, p2. 442 Statement of theCEDAW Committee onthePost-2015 Development Agenda, supra fn79. 441 JointStatement of theChairpersons of theUNHumanRightsTreaty Bodies, supra fn76. 440 monitor ESCRandtheSDGs,todesignpoliciestargeting themostvulnerable. to data disaggregated collect to need the regarding parties states to ommendations rec- make also bodies treaty Some principles. rights human follows that and law rights human international in obligations states’ with consistent is that manner a in SDGs the implement to need the on focus they recommendation, this In amine. systematically include in their concluding observations to all states parties they ex- they that SDGs the on recommendation specific a drafted have bodies treaty Some ing observations’tostatesparties. ‘conclud- or recommendations their in SDGs the to references explicit include to started have bodies treaty UN 2015, September in SDGs the of adoption the Since 1. The explicit linkwiththeSDGsor2030Agenda. the end of which the treaty bodies have presented recommendations that made an atbodies, treaty UN by reports parties’ states of review the on focuses section This communications”. individual of consideration its and procedure inquiry its reports, party State of review periodic its through equality gender for ability account- ensuring in role critical a haveshould bodies) treaty rights human other CEDAWthe SDGs), the the with (for (along adopted Committee is mechanism ity accountabil- ‘[w]hatever that, stated CEDAWalready the had 2014, Committee In as appropriate, intheirconstructivedialoguewithstates. reports, and data development on draw to bodies treaty their encourage to mitted the enjoyment of the rights in their respective treaties. The Chairpersons also com- on goals development of impact the consider work, own their in will, and SDGs, the of implementation the to contributing in play to role important an have will with SDGsandtargets. provisions treaty particular of implementation link that observations concluding the in states to recommendations making and states with dialogue constructive states prior to the review of their treaty report, raising SDG-related questions in the to questions SDG-related specific sending by including states, construc- with dialogues tive their in targets and SDGs relevant to referring already were they that underlined bodies treaty rights human meeting, HLPF 2016 the to input their In non-discrimination onthebasisofsex’. or not legal frameworks are in place to promote, enforce and monitor equality and progress in the realization of SDG target 5.1.1, which aims at evaluating ‘[w]hether Agenda,CEDAW2030 the the of adoption the monitor to mandated is Committee Review of St a tes P 442 arties’ Reports 440 441 Since 444 Netherlands, UNdocE/C.12/NLD/CO/6, 23June2017, §56. Concluding CRI/CO/5, CEDAW/C/DEU/CO/7–8, 9March 2017, §52. Reports 443 the implementation oftheSDGs: in rights their and disabilities with persons of inclusion the support to CRPD, the toParties State to recommendation, similar very a or recommendation, following the making and concern following the expressing been has Disabilities with sons Per- of Rights the on Committee the 2016, March–April in session 15th its Since derlines the need to achieve substantive gender equality in implementing the SDGs: been making a standard recommendation to States Parties to CEDAW, in which it un - CEDAWthe October–November2015, in session 62nd also its has Since Committee man rightsprinciples. hu- following implemented are and ESCR realize fully to aim ESCR, on based are SDGs the achieve to designed programs and policies that sure make to states ing This recommendation contains the main elements of a HRBA to development, ask- recommendation toState Parties totheICESCR: followingthe making Cultural systematically and been Social has (CESCR) Rights Economic, on Committee the 2016, September–October in session 59th its Since they considertheSDGstobeparticularlyrelevant. which to obligations, parties’ states or rights specific of realization the regarding recommendations their reinforce to SDGs the use bodies treaty most addition, In See, See, of vention, throughout thisprocess. Con- the of provisions the with accordance in equality, gender substantive of realization the for calls and Development Sustainable for Agenda 2030 the of implementation accelerated of objectives welcomes Committee The 2030 Agenda forSustainable Development non-discrimination would ensurethatnooneisleftbehind. the Goals on the basis of the principles of participation, accountability and Implementing entitlements. claim can who holders rights as programmes public of beneficiaries treating and progress monitor to mechanisms dent indepen- establishing party State the by facilitated significantly be would AchievementSustainableGoalsneeded. the Development when of eration Development at the national level, with international assistance and coop- Sustainable for Agenda 2030 the implementing when therein enshrined obligations under the Covenant and ensure the full enjoyment of the rights The Committee recommends that the State party take fully into account its 21 e.g., e.g., Madagascar, Observations October CESCR, CEDAW Concluding 2016, Committee, UN on doc §67; the CEDAW/C/MDG/CO/6–7, Combined Observations CESCR, Concluding Concluding Seventh Observations on the 444 and Observations Fifth 24 Eighth Periodic on November the Periodic Combined on Report the 2015, Reports Sixth of Sixth Costa §53; Periodic and of Rica, CEDAW 443 Germany, Seventh UN Report Committee, doc Periodic UN E/C.12/ of doc the
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 91 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 92 446 §58. doc 447 the United States of America. that Bangladesh, of Ireland, UNdoc CEDAW/C/IRL/CO/6–7, 9March 2017, §19(d). Concluding on Initial MDGs. Parties 2017, Disabilities, 445 ment oftheSustainable DevelopmentGoals’. achieve- the in progress tracking in assist as well as girls, and women on grammes pro- and policy inform to order in age, and ethnicity,gender,disability sex, by ed disaggregat- be … should which data ‘collect to need the underlined Committee ForMarchin Ireland to observations concluding example,its in CEDAWthe 2017, increase theavailability ofhigh-quality, timelyandreliabledisaggregateddata). to countries developing to support capacity-building (enhance 17.18 target SDG with links making SDGs, the and ESCR of realization the monitor and vulnerable persons with disabilities and migrant workers, to guide policies targeting the most girls,and women on particularly data, disaggregated collect to need the underline regularly Workers– Migrant on Committee the and Disabilities with Persons of Rights the on Committee the CEDAWCommittee, the – bodies treaty UN Three in linewiththe2030Agenda forSustainable Development. recommendations,its of implementation the for assistance international of selves them- avail to them asks it which in WorkersConvention, Migrant the to Parties State to observation concluding a presenting systematically been has Workers) Migrant on (Committee Families Their of Members and Workers Migrant All of Since its 26th session in April 2017, the Committee on the Protection of the Rights of Development 2017, the Chile, the adoption CRPD/C/DEU/CO/1, the the §56(b). CEDAW Committee Report See, See, Rights to Migrant UN persons withdisabilities. persons of organizations with collaboration close in out carried be processes these that and level national the at Development Sustainable for Agenda 2030 the of monitoring and implementation its in disabilities with persons of rights the mainstream party State the that recommends Committee The mentation and monitoring of the 2030 imple- Agenda for Sustainablenational Development. the from absent are Convention the in enshrined abilities dis- with persons of rights the that fact the by concerned is Committee The International cooperation… Committee the Observations e.g., Concluding e.g., doc UN of of Committee, Convention of Agenda In a the doc CRPD/C/CHL/CO/1, Committee 2015, Workers Persons Committee on disability-rights the Dominican on CMW/C/BGD/CO/1, the and observations the 13 Rights on with mainstream Concluding Convention Committee May Sustainable Rights on the on Disabilities of Republic, the 2015, Initial Migrant Persons perspective of 13 Rights Persons on Observations has on the April Report §§5960; Development 22 the the 445 UN not Concluding rights Workers, with of May 2016, Rights Initial with doc Persons been in of Disabilities, of 2017, all Committee Brazil, CRPD/C/DOM/CO/1, Disabilities §§65–66. persons Report on of ratified efforts Concluding Observations Persons Goals’. the with §60. UN 447 Combined of aimed Concluding by with doc Disabilities, In
on In recommended Committee Canada, any with this its CRPD/C/BRA/CO/1, the disabilities Observations at concluding member context, Disabilities on implementing Rights Sixth 8 UN the Observations May Concluding on doc and Initial 446 in of of it that 2015, the is the observations the CRPD/C/CAN/CO/1, recommended Persons on Seventh important the Rights Report implementation European the §§60–61; the 29 Observations state on 2030 September Initial the with Periodic of of party to Persons Germany, Initial to Union Sustainable Disabilities, Committee that remember Report Canada ‘[e]nsure Reports Report on 8 States of 2015, or with May the the UN by of in Report of Mauritania, UNdocCMW/C/MRT/CO/1, 31 May 2016, §19. fn 449 of Armenia, UNdocCRPD/C/ARM/CO/1, 8May 2017, §§55–56. 448 relation totherealizationofspecificrightsorstatesparties’obligations. in recommendations their reinforce to SDGs the using also are bodies treaty UN mendations to Bangladesh, in relation to the need to collect data on migrant workers. recom - similar making Workerswas Migrant on Committee the time, same the At the followingconcludingobservationstoArmenia: addressed Disabilities with Persons of Rights the on Committee the 2017, May In 446, Committee Committee §§17–18. the State partytoprovidedatabasedonstudiesorestimates. requests Committee the situation, irregular an in workers migrant to ing relat - those as such information, precise obtain to possible not is it where cases In Goals. Development Sustainable the of 17.18 target with line in Convention the of application the and policies relevant inform effectively to order in performed, work of type the and country the from departure and entry for nationality, reason age, sex, by disaggregated are that tistics sta- and information compile to party State the encourages Itparty. State the in workers migrant of status the on collected is data that ensure and Convention the of aspects all covering database comprehensive and ized 18. in theState partyormigrantworkers intheState party. remaining workers migrant of children situation, irregular an in migrant workers include not do and way fragmented a in produced are statistics migration labour that concerned is Committee the abroad, workers grant mi- its on data provide to efforts party’s State the appreciating While 17. Data collection withdisabilitiesfaceinsociety.448the barriersthatpersons on and residence, of place and employment status, socioeconomic ment, impair- of type ethnicity, age, sex, including itsdisabilities, with population of characteristics the on data disaggregated disseminate and analyse and reporting procedures that are in line with the Convention, and collect, mittee recommends that the State party develop systematic data collection 56. hinders theeffectiveimplementation oftheConvention. party,Statewhich the in disabilities with persons of situation the on data 55. The Committee recommends that the State party establish a central- a establish party State the that recommends Committee The In view of target 17.18 of the Sustainable Development Goals, the Com- The Committee notes with concern the lack of disaggregated statistical on on See Migrant the also, Rights e.g., Workers, of Committee Persons Concluding with on Disabilities, Migrant observations Workers, Concluding on Concluding the Initial Observations Report Observations of on Bangladesh, 449 the on Initial the Report supra Initial
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 93 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 94 UN Observations Committee 451 ITA/CO/5, 28October 2015, §§28–29. Democratic 30 October 2015, §41. §§31–32, Rights 452 CEDAW/C/JOR/CO/6, 9March 2017, §20. dren), 16.5(corruption)and16.9(legalidentity). chil- against (violence 16.2 hygiene), and (sanitation 6.2 girls), womenand against (violence 5.2 (nutrition), 2.2 protection), (social 1.3 targets SDG and (education) 4 in States Parties with several SDGs and SDG targets, including SDGs 3 (health) and mittee on the RightsofChildhasbeenlinkingimplementation oftheCRC Com- the 2015, September–October in session 70th its Since examine. they rights the of many to SDGs the link systematically to decided have bodies treaty Other 450 ing recommendationmadetoJordan inMarch 2017isillustrative: follow- The Convention. the under obligations states’ to girls) and women against (discrimination 5.1 target SDG links it which CEDAWin the Convention, to ties Par- States to recommendation a makes regularly also CEDAW Committee The securityandofthesustainabledevelopmentgoals (2015)’. right tosocial work, as well as its statement on social protection floors: an essential element of the to social security and No. 23 (2016) on the right to just and favourable conditions of ‘its general comments No. 18 (2005) on the right to work, No. 19 (2009) on the right to attention draws example for economy,it informal the in working those to and ensure access to social security to the most disadvantaged and marginalized groups ICESCR the to Parties States that recommendation its In security. social and omy econ- poverty,informal regarding recommendations its in SDGs the to reference a Since its 56th session in September–October 2015, the CESCR has regularly included Since its 15th session in March–April 2016, the Committee on the Rights of Persons Cameroon, Fifth on the doc Periodic See, See, CEDAW of Rights CRC/C/FRA/CO/5, all women andgirlseverywhere. Sustainableagainstdiscrimination of forms all end to Goals, Development the of 5.1 target and Convention the of 2 and 1 articles with line in tion, legisla- national its in provisions discriminatory remaining all repealing in efforts its accelerate it that recommends and Convention, the of provi - sions the with compatibility ensure to legislation its of review hensive 20. Discriminatory laws … 35–36; the e.g., e.g., UN on Republic Reports on The Committee recommends that the State party expedite a compre- a expedite party State the that recommends Committee The of Child, Committee, the Committee doc CESCR, the the CESCR, Rights CRC/C/CMR/CO/3–5, Concluding Child, Combined of of Concluding Bhutan, the Concluding of 23 on Concluding Concluding Congo, the the February Fourth UN Observations Child, Rights Observations doc Observations UN Observations Observations Concluding and 2016, CRC/C/BTN/CO/3–5, 2 doc of June the Fifth CRC/C/COD/CO/3–5, §43; on Child, on 2017, Periodic of the 451 Observations the Committee on on Concluding on
§§8(b), Combined Fifth the the the Reports Fifth Combined 5 Periodic 452 Sixth July 19,
on on Observations Periodic Third 28 2017, 23, of Periodic the the Report February Chile, 27, Third to Rights Fifth §§18, Report 34, Fifth UN of to Report Periodic 37, on 24, Costa 2017, of Fifth Periodic doc of 39; the the 34, Italy, CRC/C/CHL/CO/4–5, of Periodic Rica, §§26, Combined Committee 37, Report Child, Jordan, Reports UN 40; 450 supra 35, doc Concluding Committee Reports of Third UN 38, fn France, E/C.12/ on of 443, doc 40; the the to of 453 been referringtoSDGtargets intheirconcludingobservations: havebodies treaty UN three these way the of representative Julyare in 2017 Bhutan to Child the of Rights the on Committee the by addressed recommendations Two mentation oftheirConvention. imple- the to relevant particularly find they that targets and SDGs other to rights 11.2 and 10.2, 11.7 mention ‘persons 8.5, with disabilities’ or 4.5, ‘disability’. They also targets link these SDG and ‘migration’ or ‘migrants’ to refer 10.c and 10.7 8.8, targets SDG ‘boys’’; ‘children’,or mention ‘girls’ 16.2 and 11.7 11.2, 8.7, 6.2, 5.2, 5.c, 5.3, 5.1, 4.a, 4.5, 4.2, 4.1, 3.2, 2.2, 1.2, targets SDG – protect they persons of group rights the linked protected under their have Conventions to the bodies SDGs that explicitly treaty mention the specificUN three these that note to important is It and 16.3(accesstojustice). spaces) public and green to (accessibility 11.7 systems), transport to (accessibility 11.2 outcome), and (opportunity 10.3 inclusion), and (empowerment 10.2 work), (women’s5.5 participation and equal girls), opportunities), 8.5 (full employment and decent and women against (violence 5.2 girls), and women all against (discrimi- nation 5.1 coverage), health (universal 3.8 health), reproductive and (sexual 3.7 protection), (social 1.3 targets SDG as well as infrastructure), to (access 9 and (education) 4 SDGs alia, inter with, CRPD the linking been has Disabilities with children) and16.9(birthregistration). against (violence 16.2 remittances), (migrant 10.c mobility), and (migration 10.7 environments), working and rights (labour 8.8 labour), child trafficking, human labour,slavery,(forced 8.7 girls), and women against (violence 5.2 targets cluding in- targets, SDG several with Convention its of implementation the linking been WorkersMigrant has on Committee the April2016, in session 24th its since And, Initial Disabilities, CRPD/C/BOL/CO/1, on May 2017, 50, §§32(b), 48, 56. 54, Persons Mauritania, Workers, 454 the InitialReport 50(c). 48(d), of Canada,supra §§14(b),16(d),22(e), 44(e), fn445, 16(d), the See, Report 22, See, Initial with strengthen its efforts to end chronic malnutrition of children, in particular in children, of malnutrition chronic end to efforts its strengthen party State the that recommends Committee the age, of years 5 under dren chil- in wasting and stunting including malnutrition, of forms all ending on Goals Development Sustainable the of 2.2 target of note taking and health, of standard attainable highest the of enjoyment the to child the of right the on (2013) 15 No. comment general its of light the in anaemia, and stunting 34. Nutrition Concluding 42, e.g., supra Concluding e.g, Disabilities, of Report While welcoming the progress made by the State party in reducing child 48, Committee Committee Chile, fn 50; 4 449, November Observations of Committee supra Observations Bangladesh, Concluding §§31(a), on on fn the 2016, 445, Migrant 453 on on Rights 33,
Observations the on supra Nigeria §§14, §§20, 47, the Rights Workers, of 53; fn 16, Initial Persons 50(d), in Committee 446, of 454 22, the Persons on Report Concluding 34, Absence 58, §§32(b), the with 56(e), 64; Initial on of with Disabilities, Committee Migrant of the 58(d), 40(a), Report Observations a Disabilities, Report, Plurinational 62, Workers, 46, Concluding of 64; on UN 56(a); Armenia, Concluding the Committee doc on Concluding State Rights Committee CMW/C/NGA/CO/1, the Observations supra of Initial of Observations on Bolivia, fn Persons Observations the 448, on Report Rights Migrant UN on §§10, with doc the 23 on of of
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 95 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 96 455 and peopledescent‘takethenecessarystepsto meettheSDGs’. ofAfrican firmative action to eliminate structural discrimination against indigenous peoples af- or measures special take populations, indigenous among prevalent especially ment strengthen its efforts to address the situation of child malnutrition, which is of companies that exploit natural resources. CERD recommended that the govern- gaining access to water, linked to the lack of titling of their lands and the activities in communities indigenous by experienced difficulties and communities enous indig- from children in malnutrition of cases about concerned particularly was It Goals’. Development Sustainable the in out set those including development, for standards international minimum ‘the enjoying from them prevents which tina, discrimination against indigenous peoples and people of African descent in Argen - structural persistent the regarding concern its expressed CERD 2017, January In equal footingwiththerestofpopulation’. an on Convention the under rights their enjoy groups these which to extent the its territory, disaggregated by sex and nationality, to allow the Committee to assess in living non-citizens on as well as Batwa, the particular in groups”, marginalized “historically the on studies socioeconomic from information available any vide ‘pro- government the that recommended it 17, SDG with link a Making marginalizedgroups’. ‘historically the on especially Rwanda, by presented report the data in socioeconomic and statistical of absence the regretted CERD 2016, June In the SDGs in3concludingobservations,addressedtoArgentina, Rwanda andKenya.to reference a included only and ICERD to Parties States 46 examined it 2017, JuneApriland Between 2015 observations. concluding its in SDGs the to refer to ies It is also worth noting that CERD has been more reluctant than other UN treaty bod- 456 Periodic Reports of Bhutan, supra 37. fn452,§§34, 457 CERD/C/RWA/CO/18–20, 10 June2016, §10–11. Argentina, UNdocCERD/C/ARG/CO/21–23, 11 January2017, §§6–7. CERD, CERD, Committee ically disadvantagedically families. measures to ensure an adequate standard of living for children from econom- take to party State the urges Committee The areas. urban poor and rural in particular in facilities, sanitation adequate to access nationwide provide to efforts its strengthen party State the that recommends and all for hygiene and sanitation equitable and adequate to access providing on Goals opment 37. Standard ofliving the public sector. to extend maternity leave to 6 months in the private sector, as it has done for and breastfeeding promote to efforts ongoing its strengthen party State the that recommends also Committee The areas. urban poor and areas rural in Concluding Concluding The Committee draws attention to target 6.2 of the Sustainable Devel- Sustainable the of 6.2 target to attention draws Committee The on the Observations Observations Rights of the on on Child, the the Eighteenth Combined Concluding 455 to Twenty-First
Twentieth Observations 456 Periodic to Twenty-Third on the Reports Combined Periodic of Rwanda, Third Reports to UN 457 Fifth doc of KEN/CO/5-7, 8June2017, §3. 458 national andgloballevels. both at difference, a make to position ideal an in them puts workers, migrant of rights the and disabilities with persons of rights the rights, children’s rights, en’s wom- discrimination, racial ESCR, of perspective the from parties, states many so inSDGs of implementation the and ESCR of realization the monitor can they that fact The reports. parties’ states of review their in ESCR, realize to seek that those includingSDGs, the of monitoring the include systematically more should bodies work.However,their in SDGs the include to efforts treatycouldUN they more. do In conclusion, one must acknowledge that UN treaty bodies have made significant substantive equality through disadvantaged supportforhistorically regionsandgroups’. achieving at aimed strategies 2030, Vision blueprint, development its in including for and Development Sustainable for Agenda 2030 the of opment devel- the in engagement its ‘for Kenya commended CERD 2017, June Finally,in CERD, Concluding Observations on the Fifth to Seventh Periodic Reports of Kenya, UN doc. CERD/C/ 458
The role of UN HR mechanisms in monitoring the SDGs 97 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 98 methods ofthe HLPF, aswelltheircollaboration. states presenting VNRS. They the have also made recommendations to improve in the working ESCR realize to seek that SDGs the of implementation the to work their linked also have them of Some (2017). prosperity of promotion the and tion - eradica poverty and (2016) behind left be will one no that principle the – reviews thematic HLPF the of themes the to relation in work their shared they which in meetings,HLPF the to Agenda.contributions 2030 sent the they 2017, and 2016 In – by established mechanisms review and follow-up with Council collaborate to havestarted Rights Human the of President the and – bodies treaty rights human UN work. their in SDGs the of monitoring the already include to efforts have significant made mechanisms rights human UN that seen have we briefing, this In monitoring theSDGsthatseektorealizeESCR. in role key a play can mechanisms rights human UN work, own their in SDGs the including in creative being by and SDGs, the monitor to established mechanisms review and follow-up with collaborating By fill. can mechanisms rights UN human that gap major a based represents This framework, guidance. accountability soft peer-reviewed its and VNRs in on lies Agenda 2030 the of weakness The these purposes. for together work to system UN whole the on calling effective, and rights-based participatory, be will SDGs the to linked processes review and follow-up tation, inequality. In the 2030 Agenda, states also committed to ensure reduce that the drastically implemen - and discrimination to end an put to aim they equality, gender achieving and behind one no leaving of Withobjectives 2030. the by countries all The SDGs are far more ambitious than the MDGs. They aim to fully realize ESCR in as amissedopportunity. many by described was which MDGs, the of implementation the in followed not was HRBA a and weak too was MDGs the monitor to up set framework the ever, them, states made clear commitments to protect and promote human rights. How- adopting In 2015. by hunger and many poverty extreme of halving by content example for core ESCR, the realize progressively to aimed They ESCR. and develop- ment of convergence the towards step important an represented MDGs The and fulfillingESCRwithoutdiscrimination. protecting respecting, states to and ESCR, their claim to people ering empow- to contribute should measures these (3) and goals the achieve to taken measures of implementation and adoption the guide principles should and instruments rights human (2) SDGs; the plementing im- at aimed programmes and policies laws, of objective main the be the SDGs, this approach implies that (1) the realization of ESCR should UN and its Member States for more than 20 years. Applied to ESCR and the by underlined been has development to HRBA a adopt to need The 6. C ONCLUSION man rights law and follows human rights principles. Some treaty bodies also make the SDGs in a manner that is consistent with their obligations in international hu- to all the states parties they have examined. This focuses on the need to implement observationsconcluding their in included have systematically they that SDGs the ESCR and the SDGs. Some treaty bodies have drafted a specific recommendation on linkingrecommendations make they which of end the at reports, parties’ states of review their in SDGs the of monitoring the included have bodies treaty ManyUN to protectwomen’s rightsintheimplementation oftheSDGs. need the and programmes and policies laws, these of design the in groups nerable vul- of participation ensure to need the haveon Some focused behind. left also are programmes to implement the SDGs and reach the most vulnerable and those who laws,andrights-based policies human of adoption havethe majority for pushedA disabilities. with persons of rights the protect and flows financial illicit curb ness, homeless- eliminate to need the as such reports, thematic their in on focused they reach the MDGs. A number of special procedures have emphasized the same issues SDGs, often comparing what is required under the SDGs with what was required to reports, some UN special procedures have monitored the level of realization of the visit country their in SDGs the included have they When SDGs. the of mentation imple- the support to commitments new make and instruments new adopt behind and left are who those and vulnerable most the reach to data and indicators disaggregated of use the and participation ensure law, rights human ternational in- in obligations states and ESCR with consistent is SDGs the of implementation the that ensure to states for need the emphasizedhave procedures special reports, thematic their In HRBA. a with SDGs the of implementation the guide to dations recommen- made have and SDGs the and ESCR linked have they which in ports re- visit country and thematic numerous produced have procedures special UN gies toimplement theSDGsthatseektorealizeESCR. strate- and policies implement or adapt adopt, to or ESCR, or SDGs specific realize SDGs, while in others they have emphasized the need for states to take measures to the of implementation the for pushed simply have they recommendations, these in peers, their to recommendations which they have made explicit links made with the 2030 Agenda or the SDGs. In some of also have States Member UN mechanisms, many monitoring main Council’s Rights Human of one UPR, the Using implementing theSDGs. many ways through which the UN human rights system can best support states in Agenda2030 the Sustainablefor theusing and identifying at aimed Development, and Luxembourg,rights human on Ecuador,initiative new a announced Uruguay Denmark, Rwandaand Portugal, Chile, Council, Rights Human the of session 34th the during made statement joint a in 2017, March In rights. human and da Agen- 2030 the to system UN the in rights human mainstreaming on discussions panel high-level annual its of one devoted also It reports. or work their in SDGs the including with OHCHR, and Secretary-General UN the as well as procedures, special and bodies subsidiary its tasked it which in and SDGs, the to ESCR linked it which in resolutions several adopted It SDGs. the of achievement the advances and promotes agenda its that ensure to act to decided Council HumanRights The
CONCLUSION 99 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 100 al solidarity and the effects of foreign debt on ESCR, they are in a unique position unique a in are they ESCR, on debt foreign of effects the and solidarity al internation- of promotion the minorities; and persons older migrants, disabilities, with persons women, of rights the ESCR; of protection the including mandates, broad very Having perspective. rights human a from them analysing and naires question- sending by SDGs the implement to taken have States Member UN that could also use NVRs on the implementation of the SDGs, or evaluate the measures They reports. visit country and thematic their in ESCR realize to seek that SDGs the of monitoring the include systematically more should procedures special UN the SDGs. and ESCR linking recommendations UPR of number the increasing by including States, Member UN other in SDGs the of implementation the for push to anism Member States should also use the UPR more systematically as a monitoring mech- UN SDGs. the implementing in states support best can system rights human UN the which in ways many the use to stakeholders other and states enable and tial poten- full its develop should Development Sustainable for Agenda 2030 the and re- it that reports quests from the UN the Secretary-General and OHCHR. as The initiative on human well rights as procedures, special and bodies subsidiary its to all relevant resolutions, including on ESCR, and all relevant mandates that it gives systematically.more so do and It should inSDGs explicitthe include to references The Human Rights Council should continue to link ESCR and the SDGs in its work, duced foreachstatebeingreviewed. Council’s UPR should be followed, with one compilation of recommendations pro- theme of the meeting’s thematic review. Ideally, the example of the Human Rights the to linked are that or VNRs, prepared have that states to addressed mendations produced by OHCHR should be shared with the HLPF, with an emphasis on recom- Supra fn251. 459 rights mechanisms that are relevant to each of the 17 SDGs. 17 the of each to relevant are that mechanisms rights sible to use this online database to look for recommendations made by UN human pos- now is it and improved successfully been has Index HumanUniversalRights the 2016, Since SDGs. the of implementation the to contribute can that those on focus a with mechanisms, rights human compila- UN by annual made recommendations an of produce tion to Index Rights Human Universal the use should by human rights mechanisms that do not send contributions to the HLPF, OHCHR made recommendations including SDGs, the to relevant are that ommendations rec- mechanisms’ rights human UN of view holistic a with HLPF the provide To nisms thathave yettoincludetheSDGsintheirwork. mecha- rights human UN by followed and strengthened be should efforts These they considertheSDGstobeparticularlyrelevant. which to obligations, parties’ states or rights specific of realization the regarding Furthermore, most treaty bodies use the SDGs to reinforce their recommendations vulnerable. most the targeting policies design and SDGs the and ESCR monitor to recommendations to states parties regarding the need to collect disaggregated data 459 The compilation The implementation oftheSDGs. the (PANTHERS)in solidarity and law of rule the dignity,empowerment, human transparency, non-discrimination, accountability, participation, enhance This would rights. human with consistent is that manner a in SDGs the implement to SDGs into rights-holders and UN Member States has those having legal obligations trans- form the thus beneficiaries of thecan laws, policies and They programmes aimed atAgenda. achieving the 2030 the of gap accountability the fill can anisms By including the SDGs more systematically in their work, UN human rights mech- an idealpositiontomakeadifference,atbothnationalandgloballevels. in them puts workers migrant of rights the and disabilities with persons of rights the rights, children’s rights, women’s discrimination, racial ESCR, of perspective the from parties, states many so in SDGs of implementation the and ESCR of tion realiza- the monitor can they that fact The perspective. rights human a from them reports. They could also use NVRs on the implementation of the SDGs and analyse parties’ states of review their in ESCR, realize to seek that those including SDGs, Finally, UN treaty bodies should more systematically include the monitoring of the of theSDGs. achievement the towards progress and ESCR of realization the equally pursuing and principles rights human integrating adequately are processes undertaken the whether of understanding an with states provide and context-specific are they as valuable, extremely also are visits, country on based recommendations with pled cou - level, national the at initiate can they that dialogues The HRBA. a with SDGs the of implementation the on States Member UN to recommendations make to
CONCLUSION 101 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 102 460 Sustainable Table.pdf (last accessed 4December 2017) Sustainable DevelopmentR Goalsand and affordable essential medicinesand vaccines for all. health-care services and access to safe, effective, quality ductive health-care services, access to qualityessential health coverage, universal access to sexual andrepro- malaria; promoting mental health; ensuringuniversal preventable childdeaths; endingAIDS,tuberculosis and Targets includereducing maternal mortality; ending all atages Goal 3:Ensure healthy lives andpromote well-beingfor resilient food production. other natural resources andensuringsustainable and pastoralists andfishers;ensuringaccess to landand of rural women,indigenouspeoples,family farmers, food; improving agricultural productivity andincomes suring access for allto safe, nutritiousandsufficient Targets includeendinghungerandmalnutrition;en- nutrition andpromote sustainable agriculture Goal 2: women to economic resources. tection measures andensuringequalaccess for menand $1.25 aday); halvingpoverty; implementingsocialpro- Targets includeeradicating extreme poverty (less than Goal 1:Endpoverty inallitsforms everywhere Adapted End hunger, achieve food security and improved Development by DEVELOPMENT GO the author. Goals’, The elated Targets ANNEX: SU http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/MDGs/Post2015/SDG_HR_ original table HUMAN RIGHTS is on Human RightsS Art 2(1);CRC, Art4 International cooperation: UDHR,Art28;ICESCR , application: UDHR,Art27;ICESCR and its , Art15(1)(b) ofscientific progress thebenefits Right toenjoy ICESCR, Art10 Special protection for mothersandchildren: CEDA Right tohealth:UDHR,Art25;ICESCR, Art 12, CEDA Right tolife: UDHR,Art3;ICCPR, Art6; 28; ICESCR, Arts2(1),11(2) distributionofworld foodtable supplies:UDHR,Art International cooperation, includingensuringequi- CRC, Art24(2)(c) Right toadequatefood: UDHR,art25;ICESCR, Art11; CEDA Equal ofwomen ineconomic rights life: ICESCR, Art9;CRPD Right tosocialsecurity:UDHR,Art22; UDHR, Art25;ICESCR, Art11; CRC, Art27 Right toanadequatestandardofliving: the W, Art12;CRC , Art24 W, Art12;CRC , Art6 W, Arts11, 13,14(2)(g),15(2),16(1) OHCHR tandards webpage , Art28;CRC, Art26 T AINBLE ALS ‘Human Rights AND
and 460
the
Sustainable Development Goalsand R financial services. ing thoseofmigrant workers, andincreasing access to labour andtrafficking; protecting labourrights,includ- and decent work for all; eradicating forced and child sumption; achievingfullandproductive employment improving resource efficiencyin production and con- Targets growth, employment anddecent workfor all Goal 8:Promote inclusive andsustainable economic reliable andmodernenergy services. Targets includeensuringuniversal access to affordable, and modernenergy for all Goal 7:Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable patory managementofwater andsanitation services. increasing water-use efficiencyand promoting partici- sanitation andhygiene for all,reducing pollution, to safe andaffordable drinking water and to adequate Targets includeensuringuniversal andequitable access Goal 6:Ensure access to water andsanitation for all women to economic resources. access to reproductive health care andequalaccess for mestic work;ensuringthefullparticipationofwomen, against women and girls; valuing unpaid care and do- Targets en andgirls Goal 5:A and training ofteachers ucation andexpanding education facilities, scholarships improving vocational skills;ensuringequalaccess to ed- quality pre-primary, primaryandsecondary education; Targets and promote lifelong learning Goal 4:Ensure inclusiveand qualityeducation forall include eliminating discrimination and violence include promoting sustained economic growth; chieve genderequalityandempowerallwom- include ensuringuniversal access to free, elated Targets Equal ofmigrant labourrights workers: CMW, Art25 Prohibition ofchildlabour: CRC, Art32 CEDA Equal ofwomen inrelation rights toemployment: CRC, Arts34–36 of persons:UDHR,Art4;ICCPR, Art8;CEDA Prohibition ofslavery, forced labour, andtrafficking of work: UDHR,Art23;ICESCR , Arts6,7, 10;CRPD Right towork andtojustfavourable conditions Right toanadequatestandard ofliving: Right tosafe drinkingwater andsanitation: ICESCR, Art7;CEDA Right tojustandfavourable conditions ofwork: CEDA Elimination ofviolence againstwomen andgirls: ICESCR, Art10 Special protection for mothersandchildren: CEDA Right todecidethenumberandspacingofchildren: women: CEDA Elimination ofallforms ofdiscriminationagainst CRC, Arts23(3),28,29;CRPD Right toeducation:UDHR,Art26;ICESCR, Art13; Human RightsS and its application: UDHR,Art27;ICESCR and its , Art15(1)(b) ofscientific progress thebenefits Right toenjoy UDHR, women: CEDA Equal access towater for rural andsanitation Right tohealth:UDHR,Art25;ICESCR, Art12 ICESCR, Art11 CRC, Arts23(4),CRPD 28(3); International cooperation: UDHR,Art28; training: Right towork, includingtechnicalandvocational education: Equal ofwomen andgirlsinthefieldof rights W, Art11 W, Arts1–6;CRC, Arts24(3), 35 W, Arts12,16(1)(e);CRC, Art24(2)(f) Art 25; ICESCR ICESCR, art6 CEDA W, Arts1-5; CRC, Arts2,7, 11, 13,16 W, Art14(2)(h) tandards W, Art10 W, Art11 , A , rt 11 rt , Art32 , Art24
W, Art6;
, Art27
ANNEX 103 NO ONE WILL BE LEFT BEHIND 104 Sustainable Development Goalsand R pacity for sustainable development. ment; ensuringaccess to informatio; andbuildingca- management; promoting sustainable publicprocure- and efficient use of natural resources; improving waste Targets include achieving sustainable management tion patterns Goal 12:Ensure sustainable consumption andproduc ral heritage andstrengthening resilience to disasters. of humansettlements;safeguarding cultural andnatu- vices and public transport for all; participatory planning Targets includeensuringaccess to housing,basicser Goal 11: Make citiesinclusive, safe, resilient andsustainable migrant remittances. facilitating migration andreducing transaction costs for securing participation in economic decision making; ties andoutcomes; ensuringsocialprotection for all; political inclusion; reducing inequalities in opportuni- bottom 40percent; promoting social,economic and Targets includepromoting highergrowth rates for the Goal 10:R munications technology. transfer andincreasing access to information andcom- and markets; supportinginnovation andtechnology access for small-scale enterprises to financialservices employment; generating industrialization; increasing access for allto qualityinfrastructure; promoting Targets able industrialization andfoster innovation Goal 9:Buildresilient infrastructure, promote sustain- include ensuringaffordable andequitable educe inequality within andamong countries elated Targets - - wealth andresources: ICCPR; ICESCR, Art1(2) Right ofallpeoplestofreely disposeoftheirnatural water: UDHR,Art25(1);ICESCR, Art11 Right toadequatefood andrighttosafe drinking 25(1); ICESCR, Art12 environment:healthy andsustainable UDHR,Art Right tohealth,includingtherightasafe, clean, Protection from natural disasters:CRPD CEDA children andrural women: CRPD ofpersonswithdisabilities, services, particularly Accessibility oftransportation, facilities and ICESCR, Art15;ICERD Right to participate inculturalRight toparticipate life: UDHR,Art25; resources: UDHR,Art25;ICESCR, Art11 Right toadequatehousing,includinglandand savings: CMW, Art47(1) Right ofmigrants totransfer theirearnings and CMW, Art64 Promotion ofconditions for internationalmigration: CRPD Right tosocialsecurity:UDHR,Art22;ICESCR, Arts9–10; ICCPR, Art25;CEDA inpublicaffairs:Right toparticipate UDHR,Art21; Human RightsS CEDA ICESCR, Art2(2);ICCPR, Arts2(1),26;ICERD Right toequalityandnon-discrimination:UDHR,Art2; infrastructure: CEDA Equal ofwomen tofinancialcredit rights andrural resources: UDHR,Art25;ICESCR, Art11 Right toadequatehousing,includinglandand ICCPR, Art19(2) Right toaccess toinformation: UDHR,Art19; application:UDHR,Art27;its ICESCR, Art15(1)(b) ofscientific progress thebenefits and Right toenjoy W, Art14(2) W, Art2;CRC, Art2;CRPD , Art28 tandards W, Art7;ICERD , Arts5,7;CRPD W, Arts13(b),14(2) , Art5;CMW, Art7 , Art9(1);CRC, Art23; , Art5;CRPD , Art30;CRC, Art31 , Art11 , Art2(2); , Art29;
Sustainable Development Goalsand R making atalllevels andproviding legalidentityfor all. effective institutions; ensuring participation in decision and armsflows, corruption andbribery;developing rule oflaw andjustice for all;reducing illicitfinancial violence againstandtrafficking ofchildren; promoting Targets includereducing allforms ofviolence, ending Goal 16:Promote just,peaceful andinclusive societies batting poachingandtrafficking of protected species. ting desertification; haltingbiodiversity loss and com- freshwater, mountain ecosystems andforests; combat Targets includepromoting sustainable managementof diversity loss ification, halt and reverse land degradation, halt bio- Goal 15:Sustainably manageforests, combat desert tecting marinebiodiversity. securing market access for small-scale fishersandpro- coastal ecosystems, coastal marineareas andfishstock; Targets includereducing marinepollution;conserving and marineresources Goal 14:C Green Climate Fund. in marginalised communities, andimplementingthe tion to climate changeandnatural disasters, including Targets includestrengthening resilience andadapta- and itsimpacts Goal 13:Take urgent actionto combat climate change onserve andsustainably usetheoceans, seas elated Targets - - ICCPR, Art19(1) Right toaccess toinformation: UDHR , Art19; ICCPR, Art25 inpublicaffairs:Right toparticipate UDHR,Art21; CRPD Right tolegalpersonality:UDHR,Art6;ICCPR, Art16; UDHR, Arts8,10;ICCPR, Arts2(3),14-15; CEDA Right toaccess tojustice anddueprocess: 36,37(a) CRCabuse orexploitation: , Arts19,34, Protection ofchildren from allforms ofviolence, CA Freedom from UDHR,Art5;ICC torture: PR, Art7; UDHR, Art3;ICCPR, Arts6(1),9(1);ICED andsecurityoftheperson: Right tolife, liberty ICESCR Art12;CRC, Art24; CEDA environment:healthy andsustainable UDHR,Art25(1); Right tohealth,includingtherightasafe, clean, wealth andresources: ICCPR; ICESCR Art1(2) Right ofallpeoplestofreely disposeoftheirnatural water: UDHR,Art25(1);ICESCR, Art11 Right toadequatefood andrighttosafe drinking ICESCR, Art12;CRC, Art24; CEDA environment:healthy andsustainable UDHR,Art25(1); Right tohealth,includingtherightasafe, clean, wealth andresources: ICC PR; ICESCR Art1(2) Right ofallpeoplestofreely disposeoftheirnatural water: UDHR,Art25(1);ICESCR, Art11 Right toadequatefood andrighttosafe drinking ICESCR, Art12;CRC, Art24; CEDA environment:healthy andsustainable UDHR,Art25(1); Right tohealth,includingtherightasafe, clean, Human RightsS wealth andresources: ICCPR; ICESCR Art1(2) Right ofallpeoplestofreely disposeoftheirnatural water: UDHR,Art25(1);ICESCR, Art11 Right toadequatefood andrighttosafe drinking T, Art2;CRC, Art37(a) , Art12 tandards W, Art12;CMW, Art28 W, Art12;CMW, Art28 W, Art12;CMW,Art 28 , Art1 W, Art2(c)
ANNEX 105 ANNEX 106 Sustainable Development Goalsand R CEDA CRPD: C CRC: C ICESCR: InternationalC UDHR: Universal DeclarationHuman Rights of Instruments International HumanRights and increasing theavailability ofdisaggregated data. partnerships; developing measurements ofprogress countries’ policyspace; promoting multi-stakeholder hancing policyandinstitutionalcoherence; respecting transfer andcapacity building;promoting trade; en- national resources; debt sustainability; technology Targets includestrengthening domesticandinter able development Goal 17:R CA ICPED: International C ICERD: International C CMW: International C ICCPR: InternationalC T: C W: International C onvention againstTorture andOtherCruel,InhumanorDegrading Treatment orPunishment onvention ontheRightsofChild onvention ontheRightsofPersonsDisabilities with evitalize theglobalpartnershipfor sustain- onvention ontheProtection oftheRightsAllMigrant Workers andMembersofTheirF ovenant onCivilandPolitical Rights onvention for theProtection ofAllPersons from Enforced Disappearances onvention ontheEliminationofAllF ovenant onE onvention ontheEliminationofAllF conomic, SocialandC elated Targets - ultural Rights orms ofRacialDiscrimination orms ofDiscriminationA Human RightsS CRPD Right toprivacy: UDHR,Art12;ICCPR, Art17; ICESCR, Art15(1) cooperation inthescientificfield:UDHR,Art27(1); progress application,includinginternational andits ofscientific Right ofeveryone thebenefits toenjoy UDHR, Art28;ICESCR, Art2(1);CRC , Art4;CRPD Right todevelopment andinternationalcooperation: ICCPR; ICESCR , Art1(1) Right ofallpeoplestoself-determination: , Art31(1) tandards gainst Women
rt 32(1); , Art32(1); amilies
The Geneva Academy provides post-graduate education, conducts academic legal research and policy studies, and organizes training courses and expert meetings. We concentrate on branches of international law that relate to situations of armed con- flict, protracted violence, and protection of human rights.
Established in 2007 by the Faculty of Law of the University of Geneva and the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, the Geneva Academy has acquired a global reputation for excellent teaching and research, and it attracts students of high quality to its master’s and training programmes. Our graduates are employed around the world, promoting and protecting international humanitarian law (IHL) and human rights (HR) in governments, NGOs, international organizations and academic institu- tions. The Geneva Academy thus contributes to the dissemination of legal knowledge in these crucial sectors.
Our scientific research focuses on clarifying IHL, strengthening human rights pro- tection, and developing the areas of complementarity between IHL and international human rights law. In these areas, the Geneva Academy makes a specific contribution to policy development and debate, in government and among scholars and practitioners.
The Geneva Academy is a cosmopolitan community located in the heart of Geneva, an international city and humanitarian hub. Through close interaction with international organizations, NGOs, experts, and governments, we actively participate in global dis- cussions of IHL, HR, international criminal law, and transitional justice.
978-2-9701003-5-5
The Geneva Academy © The Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights and Human Rights
Villa Moynier This work is licensed for use under a Creative Rue de Lausanne 120B Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-Share CP 1063 - 1211 Geneva 1 - Switzerland Alike 4.0 International License Phone: +41 (22) 908 44 83 (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Email: [email protected] www.geneva-academy.ch