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18 1 057 068 Marusik, Gnelitsa for Inet.P65 Arthropoda Selecta 18(12): 5768 © ARTHROPODA SELECTA, 2009 Description of a new genus of spiders from the eastern Mediterranean and the most armored erigonid species from the western Caucasus (Aranei: Linyphiidae: Erigoninae) Îïèñàíèå íîâîãî ðîäà ïàóêîâ èç âîñòî÷íîãî Ñðåäèçåìíîìîðüÿ è ñàìîãî ñêóòèíèçèðîâàííîãî âèäà ýðèãîíèä èç çàïàäíîãî Êàâêàçà (Aranei: Linyphiidae: Erigoninae) Yuri M. Marusik1,2 & Valery A. Gnelitsa2,3 Þ.Ì. Ìàðóñèê1,2, Â.À. Ãíåëèöà2,3 1 Institute for Biological Problems of the North, Portovaya Str. 18, Magadan 685000 Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 1 Èíñòèòóò áèîëîãè÷åñêèõ ïðîáëåì Ñåâåðà ÄÂÎ ÐÀÍ, Ïîðòîâàÿ 18, Ìàãàäàí 685000/ 2 Zoological Museum, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku Finland. 3 Sumy State Makarenko Teachers Training University, 87 Romenskaya Str., Sumy 40000 Ukraine. E-mail: [email protected] 3 Ñóìñêîé ãîñóäàðñòâåííûé ïåäóíèâåðñèòåò èì. À.Ñ. Ìàêàðåíêî, óë. Ðîìåíñêàÿ 87, Ñóìû 40002 Óêðàèíà. KEY WORDS: Abkhazia, dorsal scutum, ventral scutum, new species, new combination. ÊËÞ×ÅÂÛÅ ÑËÎÂÀ: Àáõàçèÿ, äîðçàëüíûé ñêóòóì, âåíòðàëüíûé ñêóòóì, íîâûé âèä, íîâàÿ êîìáèíàöèÿ. ABSTRACT. A new genus Scutpelecopsis gen.n. is (# of Phrurolithus C.L. Koch, 1839), Linyphiidae described for two species: Scutpelecopsis wunderlichi (many genera), Oonopidae (several genera), Palpi- sp.n. (type species, from Caucasus) and Scutpelecopsis manidae (all species), Salticidae (# of Chalcoscirtus krausi (Wunderlich, 1980), comb.n., ex. Pelecopsis k. Bertkau, 1880), Zodariidae (several genera) and per- The relationships of the new genus to the related Pele- haps some others. In most of the aforementioned taxa, copsis Simon, 1864, Trichopterna Kulczyñski, 1894 only a single, dorsal abdominal scutum is present. Only and Parapelecopsis Wunderlich, 1992 are discussed. a few other taxa have additional or other types of scuta Scutpelecopsis gen.n. exhibits several somatic and gen- situated ventrally on the abdomen. Palpimanus Du- italic characters that are unique within Erigoninae, four, 1820 has a scutum in the anterio-ventral part of Linyphiidae and Aranei. the abdomen which covers the area around the pedicel and the whole pre-epigastral region. This is known as ÐÅÇÞÌÅ. Îïèñàí íîâûé ðîä Scutpelecopsis an epigastral scutum. Comaroma has a similar scutum, gen.n. âêëþ÷àþùèé äâà âèäà S. wunderlichi sp.n. but it also has two additional ring-shaped scuta around (òèïîâîé âèä, Êàâêàç) è Scutpelecopsis krausi the spinnerets (known as inframammillary scuta). Males (Wunderlich, 1980), comb.n., ex. Pelecopsis k. Îá- of Euophrys frontalis (Walckenaer, 1802) and a few ñóæäàþòñÿ ñâÿçè íîâîãî ðîäà ñ áëèçêèìè ðîäàìè other salticids have a ventral abdominal scutum locat- Pelecospis Simon, 1864, Trichopterna Kulczyñski, ed between the spinnerets and the epigastric furrow. 1894 è Parapelecopsis Wunderlich, 1992. Äëÿ Scut- Silhouettella Benoit, 1979 (Oonopidae) has a ventral pelecopsis gen.n. õàðàêòåðíû íåêîòîðûå ñîìàòè÷åñ- scutum, which covers the whole abdominal venter ex- êèå ïðèçíàêè è îñîáåííîñòè êîïóëÿòèâíîãî àïïà- cept for the spinneret region and a thin stripe along the ðàòà óíèêàëüíûå äëÿ Erigoninae, Linyphiidae è äàæå lateral part of the abdomen. äëÿ âñåãî îòðÿäà. It appears that Comaroma has largest number of individual scuta among European species: dorsal, ante- rior-ventral, and two around the spinnerets. However, Introduction the world champions in terms of numbers of scuta are Tetrablemmidae. They have a dorsal scutum, up to four Spiders with abdominal scuta are known in many ventral unpaired scuta, and up to four pairs of lateral families from different superfamilies and even subor- stripe-like scuta. ders. In Europe, scutate spiders are known in Anapidae A few years ago the first author had the opportunity (Comaroma Bertkau, 1889), Araneidae (Cercidia Tho- to collect spiders in Abkhazia. In coastal pine forest he rell, 1869), Gnaphosidae (# of Zelotini), Corinnidae found numerous specimens of heavily armoured erigo- 58 Y.M. Marusik & V.A. Gnelitsa Figs 16. Carapace and abdomen of Scutpelecopsis wunderlichi sp.n.: 13 male; 46 female; 1, 4 carapace, lateral; 2, 5 carapace, dorsal; 3 abdomen dorsolateral; 6 abdomen ventral. Scale = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: As anterior ventral scuta; Ds dorsal scutum; Es epigynal scutum; Md muscle dot; Ps posterior ventral scuta; Vs ventral scutum; Us stripe of weakly sclerotized cuticle. Ðèñ. 16. Êàðàïàêñ è áðþøêî Scutpelecopsis wunderlichi sp.n.: 13 ñàìåö; 46 ñàìêà; 1, 4 êàðàïàêñ, ñáîêó; 2, 5 êàðàïàêñ, ñâåðõó; 3 áðþøêî ñâåðõóñáîêó; 6 áðþøêî ñíèçó. Ìàñøòàá 0,1ìì. Ñîêðàùåíèÿ: As ïåðåäíèå âåíòðàëüíûå ñêóòóìû; Ds äîðçàëüíûé ñêóòóì; Es ýïèãèíàëüíûé ñêóòóì; Md ìóñêóëüíàÿ òî÷êà; Ps çàäíèå âåíòðàëüíûå ñêóòóìû; Vs âåíòðàëüíûé ñêóòóì; Us ïîëîñêà ñëàáî õèòèíèçèðîâàííîé êóòèêóëû. nid spiders, which were first identified as Pelecopsis whether P. krausi was actually related to the genero- krausi Wunderlich, 1980. It was a great surprise to type P. elongata (Wider, 1834), to trace its position discover that the female of this species has six ventral among erigonids, and to determine whether any other scuta, whereas the male has one solid ventral scutum related or unrelated groups have similar scuta and struc- with two holes (orifices) for the pedicel and spinnerets. tures allied with them. Whilst comparing Caucasian As a result of these peculiarities, we decided to check specimens with types from Yugoslavia, we recognized 59 Figs 711. SEM micrographs of male cephalothorax of Scutpelecopsis wunderlichi sp.n.: 7 lateral; 8 frontal; 9 ventral; 10 dorsal; 11 mouthparts ventrolateral. Abbreviation: Dt doubled tooth. Ðèñ. 711. ÑÝÌ ìèêðîôîòîãðàôèè ãîëîâîãðóäè ñàìöà Scutpelecopsis wunderlichi sp.n.: 7 ñáîêó; 8 ñïåðåäè; 9 ñíèçó; 10 ñâåðõó; 11 ðîòîâîé àïïàðàò ñíèçóñáîêó. Ñîêðàùåíèÿ: Dt ðàçäâîåííûé çóáåö. that they were not conspecific. Yugoslavian specimens made using transmitted light microscopes with draw- had smaller scuta and different copulatory organs. ing «devices». Microphotographs were made with a Therefore, the purpose of this paper was extended to SEM Jeol JSM-5200 in the Zoological Museum, Uni- include the description of a new species from Caucasus versity of Turku. All measurements are given in mm. and the comparison of two related species with Pele- Embolic division is abbreviated in some parts of the copsis elongata and some other taxa. text as ED. The following abbreviations were used in text and figures: As anterior ventral scutum; Co column; Methods Da dorsal tibial apophysis; Ds dorsal scutum; Dt doubled tooth; ED emboic division; Em embo- We compared only (or chiefly) the type species of lus; Eo epigyne opening; Er epigastral furrow the genera concerned. The material was shared be- raised part; Es epigynal scutum; Et epigastral tween the Institute for biological problems of the North furrow thickening; Gh genital hump; Gl gland; (IBPN), Zoological Museum of the Moscow State Ia intermediate apophysis; Md muscle dot; Mm University (ZMMU) and Zoological Museum of the tapering membranous part of embolus; Mp median University of Turku (ZMUT). Specimens were photo- plate; Pc paracymbium; Ps posterior ventral graphed using an Olympus Camedia C-5050 camera scutum; Pt process of tegulum; Ra retrolateral attached to an Olympus SZX12 stereomicroscope. The apophysis; Rx radix; Sa suprategular apophysis; images were montaged using CombineZM image Ss stridulating setae; To tuberculated outgrowth stacking software. Photographs were taken in dishes of the ED; Tc tracheal spiracles peak; Te tegular of different sizes with paraffin in the bottom. Differ- extension; Tp tailpiece; Tr tracheal spiracle; Vs ent sized holes were made in the bottom to keep the ventral scutum (=inframammillary); Us stripe of specimens in the correct position. Line drawings were weakly sclerotized cuticle. 60 Y.M. Marusik & V.A. Gnelitsa Taxonomic survey DESCRIPTION. Male. Total length 1.82. Cara- pace: 0.81 long, 0.76 wide, unmodified, dark-brown. Scutpelecopsis Marusik & Gnelitsa, gen.n. Postocular sulci and raised part absent. Cuticle cov- ered with fine granulation and sparse, fine setae ar- Type species: Scutpelecopsis wunderlichi Marusik & Gneli- ranged in radial stripes on thoracic region (Figs 1, 2, 7 tsa, sp.n. 8, 10), margin with scaled cuticle. PME separated by ETYMOLOGY. The genus name was composed slightly more than one diameter. Sternum 0.46 long from the word scutum and the genus name Pelecops- and 0.48 wide, dark-brown, with darker marginal re- is, with reference to its morphological affinity and rela- gions; entire surface with dense cover of fine punctua- tionships. The gender is feminine. tions (pits) (Fig. 9). Sternum extended between coxae DESCRIPTION. Small dark coloured Erigoninae IV, and coxae separated by 1.5 times their diameter. spiders (ca 2 mm long), with granulated carapace, un- Chelicera with 5 teeth along inner margin and 6 teeth modified cephalic region in males, abdomen with dor- along outer margin. The distal-most 2 teeth are very sal scutum and one (in #) or more ventral scuta (in $). close to each other (Dt) (Fig. 11). Stridulation file well Book lung opercula strongly sclerotized. Male palp developed. Maxillae converging, labium wider than with three tibial apophyses: dorsal, retrolateral and long (Fig. 9). Leg spination 1-1-1-1. Macrosetae fine, intermediate, ED with tuberculated outgrowth of the poorly visible, their length subequal to diameter of ED; radix screwed; epigyne heavily sclerotized. Inter- tibia. Position of metatarsal trichobothria
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