e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:02/Issue:03/March-2020 www.irjmets.com A REPORT ON NOISE LEVEL STATUS IN DIFFERENT AREAS OF SOUTH , Dipankar Buragohain*1 *1Department of Geological Sciences, University, Kolkata-32 ABSTRACT Several thousands of vehicles are moving in and around Kolkata city every day which creates immense heavy traffic congestion and severe noise pollution. In our present study, we have attempt to estimate the trafficnoise pollutionduring the day time at sevendifferent locations from the south Kolkata, .Highest noise level was recorded at Jadavpur thana and Prince Anwar Shah Morearea (89.3dB) and lowest at Layalka (65.3dB).

Keywords: Road traffic, Pollution, Noise, Kolkata

I. INTRODUCTION Pollution can be defined as the “Introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Now a days Noise pollution is the most significant worldwide environmental issues. It can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as heat or light or noise. Pollution killed 9 million people in the world in 2015 (Laura, 2017). Air pollution, light pollution, littering, noise pollution, soil contamination, water pollution, plastic pollutionis included in major forms of environmental pollution.Noise is derived from the Latin word “nausea” implying „unwanted sound‟ or „sound that is loud, unpleasant or unexpected‟ (Chauhan et al., 2010). Noise pollutionencompasses roadway noise, aircraft noise, industrial noise as well as high-intensity sonar.Noise has been notified as pollutant Under the Air Act (Prevention and Control of Pollution) 1981.Exposure to high level of noise may cause severe stress on the auditory and nervous system(Chauhan et al., 2010).Many recent researches stated that road traffic has been the predominant source of annoyance which is due to the large number of motor vehicles in comparison with other machines.

Almost all the countries are facing this environmental problem for a longer period. Singh and Joshi, (2010) stated that Noise from fire cracker is one of the most important environmental problems. Most importantly, the impact of noise pollution during pregnancy is reflected among the new borns(Vidya Sagar and Nageshwar, Rao, 2006).Though, theurban population is much more affected by suchpollution, however, small town/villages along sideroads or industries are also victim of this problem (Chauhan et al., 2010). Privately owned vehicles are not as common in Kolkata as in other major Indian cities Due to its diverse and abundant public transportation. The city has witnessed a steady increase in the number of registered vehicles, where the data of 2000 showed an increase of 44% over a period of seven years. As of 2004, after adjusting for population density, the city's "road space" was only 6% compared to 23% in Delhi and 17% in Mumbai. Goswami (2008) stated the ambient noise standards being followed in India for different types of areas (Table 1). Chauhan et al. (2010) also mentioned the noise level standard in some countries (table 2).

Table -1: Noise level standard in India Area Day time (dB) Night time (dB) Industrial area 75 70 Commercial area 65 55 Residential area 55 45 Silent zone 50 40

www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science [395] e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:02/Issue:03/March-2020 www.irjmets.com Table -2: Noise level standard in some countries Countries Industrial Commercial area Residential area Silent zone Day Night Day Night Day Night Day Night Australia(dB) 55 55 55 45 45 35 45 35 Japan (dB) 60 50 60 50 50 40 45 35 US, EPA (dB) 70 60 60 50 55 45 45 35 WHO (dB) 65 65 55 55 55 45 45 35 II. STUDY AREA The ambient noise monitoring was carried out from five different places from the south Kolkata. These areRanikuthi, Layalka, More, Jadavpur 8b, Jadavpur thana, Lords More and Anwar shah More.

Table 3: Stations with coordinates Locations Latitude Longitude Ranikuthi 22028´59.52´´ N 88021´11.37´´ E Layalka 22029´07.00´´ N 88022´08.77´´ E Baghajatin More 22029´02.23´´ N 88022´31.08´´ E Jadavpur 8b 22029´45.38´´ N 88022´14.20´´ E Jadavpur thana 22030´10.79´´ N 88022´03.02´´ E Lords More 22030´07.29´´ N 88021´28.39´´ E Anwar shah More 22030´05.26´´ N 88020´43.49´´ E III. METHODOLOGY A noise level survey was carried out to assess the noise environment from seven different places of South Kolkata, West Bengal within a day (16th March, 2020). The noise levels were assessed with Sigma mini Sound Level Meter.The sound pressure level or sound level measured in decibel (dB). At each point, the meter was placed about 1.5m above ground level. On each spot, the measurements were taken at 15 different times during day time and averaged the value for each point. IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION We have observed the noise level from seven different places from south Kolkata namely Ranikuthi, Layalka, Baghajatin More, Jadavpur 8b, Jadavpur thana, Lords More and Anwar shah More where Baghajatin More-Layalka- Ranikuthi included in Raipur Road E, Baghajatin More- Jadavpur 8b-Jadavpur Thana included in Jadavpur Main Road also known as Raja S.C. Mallick Road and Jadavpur Thana-Lords More-Anwar Shah More included in Prince Anwar Shah Road. In our study we have observed highest noise level at Jadavpur Thana and Prince Anwar Shah More. These both places have the average noise level of about 89.3dB and the lowest at Layalka, where the average noise level is 65.3dB (Table 4). Table 4: Noise level (dB) of the studied locations Area Average Noise level (dB) Ranikuthi 74.6 Layalka 65.3 Baghajatin More 79.8 Jadavpur 8b 81.5 Jadavpur thana 89.3 Lords More 79.9 Anwar shah More 89.3 www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science [396] e-ISSN: 2582-5208 International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science Volume:02/Issue:03/March-2020 www.irjmets.com If we look at the table 4, we can see here that all the locations except Layalka exceeds the standard noise level in India (ranges from 50dB -65dB). High noise level values were due to overpopulated road ways, minimal traffic management, and frequent misuse of horns at all the selected sites. The Raipur Road E (Baghajatin More-Layalka-Ranikuthi) is not so busy and overpopulated road way so we can see here on this road the noise level is little lesser than Raja S.C. Mallick Road and Prince Anwar Shah Road.Berge (1994) and Tand& Tong (2004) stated that Important factors affecting noise values are continuity of the city centre traffic, dimension of the roads, position of the roads and the road surface materials with city centre crossroad signal system.Improper stoppage of public transportation facilities also increases the congestion level (Debasish Pal and Debasish Bhattacharya, 2012). V. CONCLUSION From our study, it is evident that all selected sites except Layalka were exposed to higher noise level as compared to Indian standard noise level prescribed by CPCB (Central Pollution Control Board), New Delhi, India. The two most busy places like Jadavpur Thana and Prince Anwar Shah More, having the highest noise level of about 89.3 (dB). There is a necessity of some stringent legal provisions to control noise pollution in these types of busy areas. The following range of strategies given by Goswami (2008) can be applied to reduce traffic noise-

1. Land use planners should consider noise impacts in selecting locations and design of development. Potential sources of noise pollution associated with the proposed project should be identified before commencing any project. 2. Launching programs to monitor and control noisy vehicles on the road. 3. Controlling noise from heavy vehicle exhaust and engine brakes. 4. Restricting the movement of trucks in the town. 5. Driver education program. 6. Sustainable traffic management. 7. Proper town planning etc. VI. REFERENCES

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