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COMMITTEE ON NEEDS ASSESSMENT OF NIGERIAN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES
Presentation to the NATIONAL ECONOMIC COUNCIL
Council Chamber State House, Abuja Thursday 1st November 2012 PDF Compressor Pro
■ Dispute over the implementation of the 2009 Agreement between the FGN and ASUU
■ Efforts to resolve the outstanding issues
■ Revitalisation of the Nigerian University system
■ Needs Assessment of Nigerian Universities PDF Compressor Pro
S/N Name Institution Post 1 Prof. Mahmood Yakubu Executive Secretary, Tertiary Education Trust Chairman Fund (TETFund) 2 Senator Abubakar Atiku Bagudu Representative, Senate Committee on Member Education, National Assembly 3 Honourable Jerry Alagbaoso Representative, House of Representatives Member Committee on Education, National Assembly
4 Raymond Brown Representative, Office of the SGF Member
5 Dr. Jamila “hu a a Representative, Federal Ministry of Education Member
6 Adeyinka O. Jones Representative, Federal Ministry of Finance Member
7 Emmanuel Ina Uchola Representative, Federal Ministry of Trade & Member Investment 8 Mrs. Victoria Omolade Oluyole, Representative, National Planning Commission Member
9 Late Arc. (Mrs.) Chinwe Obi/ Representative, National Universities Member Mr. Ayo Bankole Commission (NUC) 10 Prof. Ukachukwu Aloysius Awuzie President/IPP Academic Staff Union of Member Universities (ASUU) 11 Mr. Femi Melefa Tertiary Education Trust Fund Secretary PDF Compressor Pro
■ The Universities produce leaders in all areas: Government, business, innovation and invention.
■ The FUTURE of a nation can be determined by the quality of its education system generally, but especially by its universities in the immediate term. PDF Compressor Pro
» Carry out a detailed appraisal of existing physical facilities for teaching and learning in the universities, particularly their capacity and functionality; » Give a detailed inventory of learning resources, with particular reference to their relevance and serviceability; » Compile the number of teaching staff by academic qualification and programme, indicating whether they are engaged on full-time, part-time or adjunct basis; » Compile a list of non-teaching staff and their disposition in each University; » Compile a list of full-time students in each programme (undergraduate as well as postgraduate) across all levels; » Identify the number of institutions, students and programmes involved in part- time and approved affiliations; » Identify the number of on-campus hostels in each university and categorise them by ownership and capacity vis-à-vis the stude ts population; » Give the status of municipal facilities in each university and the requirements for their provision, upgrade and maintenance; » Examine any other matter which in the opinion of the Committee is relevant to the revitalization of our universities; and » Submit a comprehensive report, making clear and detailed recommendations that are immediately actionable by Government. PDF Compressor Pro
» Development of Data Gathering Templates » Interactions with Pro-Chancellors and Vice-Chancellors of all public universities » Interaction with other university managers (Directors of Academic Planning, Physical Planning, and Works) » Collation of data/information from all the public universities » Confirmatory visits to all the universities » Analysis of data and information (data clean-up and analysis) » Comparisons with International Best Practices indices and parameters » Comparisons with Nigerian National Minimum Standards » Development of Reports PDF Compressor Pro
■ There are 74 public Universities in Nigeria (37 Federal, 37 State)
■ The work of the Committee covers 61 Universities:
— 27 Federal (the 10 new Universities not included)
— 34 State (Sokoto State University, North West University Kano and Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijebu Ode, Ogun State, not included) PDF Compressor Pro
— 13 of the 74 are Universities of Science and Technology: 5 Federal, 8 State universities — 2 Universities of Education (both of them State Universities) — 3 Universities of Agriculture (all of them Federal) — 2 Defence/Security Universities (both of them Federal) — 1 Petroleum University (Federal) — 53 conventional universities (26 Federal, 27 State Universities) PDF Compressor Pro
By definition, NEEDS ASSESSMENT entails an appraisal of the existing situation and what is needed for transformation. It is not an assessment of achievements and not a PR exercise.
Nations have periodically done self-appraisal of their institutions believing that it is the best way to reposition and transform them.
We have examined the universities beyond the impression we get when we attend convocation ceremonies or give public lectures on their campuses.
The Report is factual, graphic and in some cases grim.
The universities have a common problem irrespective of region and ownership. PDF Compressor Pro PDF Compressor Pro
PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE & LEARNING RESOURCES PDF Compressor Pro
Physical infrastructure for teaching & learning includes: Lecture Theatres/Auditoria Classrooms Laboratories Workshops/Studios/Gymnasia Libraries Staff Offices
Learning resources are:
Laboratory equipment and consumables ICT facilities and services Books, journals and periodicals Machines and other research equipment, etc. PDF Compressor Pro The Co ittee s Assessment found that physical facilities for teaching and learning in Nigerian Universities are: Inadequate Used beyond the original carrying capacity. Many lecturers, including Professors, share small offices. Dilapidated Poorly ventilated, illuminated, furnished and equipped. Over-stretched/over-crowded Lectures theatres, classrooms, laboratories and workshops shared by many programmes across different Faculties. Improvised Open-air sports pavilion, old cafeteria, convocation arenas and even uncompleted buildings used for lectures. In some cases, workshops are conducted under corrugated sheds or trees. PDF Compressor Pro
So much pressure is put on existing facilities mainly due to unplanned expansion of programmes: Ebonyi State University has 11 Faculties in 11 years. The University of Abuja established 4 capital intensive programmes in one day. Osun State University Osogbo has 3 sets of Medical Students in limbo between pre-clinical and clinical stages due to the absence of a Teaching Hospital. Inability to use facility audit as a basis of planning as in the case of the proposed Faculty of Medicine vis-à- is e isti g ealit i U a u Ya Adua University in Katsina. as illustrated by the following slide. 100
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CLASSROOMS & LECTURE THEATRES PDF Compressor Pro Typical Over-crowded & Over-stretched Facility with inadequate Furniture, MOUA Umudike PDF Compressor Pro PDF Compressor Pro University Students Attending Regular Academic Lecture in a Sports Pavilion: Umudike PDF Compressor Pro Peeping through the Window for Lectures: University of Maiduguri PDFSitting Compressor on Bare Floor forPro Lectures: University of Jos PDF Compressor Pro Typical Over-crowded Lecture Hall: DELSU, Abraka PDF Compressor Pro Pioneer Students standing for lectures, Bauchi State University (Bauchi Campus) PDF Compressor Pro Pioneer Students standing for lectures, Akwa Ibom State University (Main Campus Ikot Akpaden) PDF Compressor Pro Improvised Seats in Lecture Theatre at University of Benin PDF Compressor Pro Broken Furniture in Lecture Rooms: OAU Ile-Ife PDF Compressor Pro Simultaneous Lectures Going on in an Improvised Facility, FUT Owerri PDFBroken Compressor furniture at Pro CHS Auditorium, NDU Wilberforce Island PDF Compressor Pro Typical Dilapidated Lecture Room: IMSU, Owerri PDF Compressor Pro Typical Dilapidated Lecture Room: NAU, Awka PDF Compressor Pro Typi al Le turers Offi e, MOUA, Umudike PDF Compressor Pro
LABORATORIES & WORKSHOPS PDF CompressorThe Co ittee s Pro fi di gs a e as follo s: » Many Laboratories and Workshops are old with inappropriate furnishing. » Power and water supply problems. » Scanty and broken furniture. » Overcrowded and overstretched (many double as lecture rooms). » Equipment and consumables are absent, inadequate or outdated. Kerosene stoves used as Bunsen burners in some laboratories. » Engineering Workshops operating under zinc sheds and trees. » In many universities, science-based Faculties are running D La for lack of reagents and tools to conduct physical/real experiments. » No Cutting edge research equipment/facilities. No laboratory, workshop or library ranks among the top 1,000 in the world. » Where major equipment exists, the ratio to student, in some universities, is as high as 1:500. PDF Compressor Pro Typical Chemistry Laboratory in Nigerian University
…Stude ts I pro ise to do their La ork PDF Compressor Pro O er ro ded Dry La A i al & E iro e tal Biology Pra ti als : U i . of Be i PDF Compressor Pro Kerosene Stoves as Improvised Bunsen burners
Chemistry Lab, University of Uyo Biochemistry Lab, University of Jos PDF Compressor Pro Botany Laboratory at Unical: Stools donated by Students PDF Compressor Pro
Dry La i a tio : o tools, o reage ts: Mai Tea hi g La oratory, Che istry Dept., ABU )aria PDF Compressor Pro Lab without Tools: 300 Level Biology and Biotechnology Class, Univ. of Benin PDF Compressor Pro Good Facility without Equipment
Physics Laboratory, Yobe State University, Damaturu PDF Compressor Pro
La oratory i fair o ditio : OAU PDFEngineering Compressor Workshop Pro in a University: Maiduguri PDF CompressorObsolete Engineering Pro Equipment
Lagos State University OAU Ile-Ife PDF Compressor Pro Architecture Studio at ABU Zaria PDF Compressor Pro
Mechanical Engineering (Automobile) Workshop: FUT Owerri PDF Compressor Pro Agriculture Workshop: ATBU Bauchi PDF Compressor Pro Central Research Lab: University of Ilorin PDF Compressor Pro
Central Engineering Workshop: Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta PDF Compressor Pro
OTHER LEARNING RESOURCES PDF Compressor Pro
Basic Learning Resources are unavailable or in short supply. For instance:
less than 10% of the universities have Video Conferencing facility. Less than 20% of the universities use Interactive Boards (even the ones that deployed Interactive Boards are using them in less than 10% of their lecture rooms/theatres). More than 50% don’t use Public Address System in their lecture rooms/theatres. Internet Services are non-existent, or epileptic and slow. Library resources are outdated and manual. No university library is fully automated. Less than 35% are partially automated. PDF SectionCompressor of Kashim Ibrahim Pro Library, ABU Zaria PDF Compressor Pro Library, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rumuolumeni PDF Compressor Pro
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PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS PDF Compressor Pro There are 701 physical development projects dotted across the universities in the country. » 163 (23.3%) are abandoned projects » 538 (76.7%) are on-going projects These projects, when completed, would help greatly in reducing the pressure on existing facilities. Some of the abandoned projects are over 15 years old. UNN and UDUS have the highest number of abandoned projects (22 and 16 respectively). These abandoned projects are funded through Capital appropriation (Federal and State), NDDC and IGR. It is noteworthy that while over 60% of the on- going projects are being funded by TETFund, there is no abandoned TETFund project. PDF Compressor Pro All NDDC projects across the universities in the Niger Delta States are abandoned. About 84.6% of them are students’ hostels viz:
% S/No Name of Facility University Completion 1 Students’ Hostel Fed. University of Technology, Akure 20% 2 Students’ Hostel Fed. Univ. of Pet. Resources , Effurun — 3 500-Room Students’ Hostel Fed. Univ. of Technology, Owerri 35% 4 Medical College Complex University of Benin 4 Students’ Hostel University of Port Harcourt 25% 5 300-Room Hostel Abia State University 20% 6 Students’ Hostel Ambrose Alli University 20% 7 Students’ Hostel Imo State University — 8 Laboratory Imo State University 9 500-Bed NDDC Hostel A Niger Delta University 10% 10 500-Bed NDDC Hostel B Niger Delta University 10% 11 Students’ Hostel University of Benin — 12 500-bed students hostel Adekunle Ajasin Univ., Akungba — PDF Compressor Pro Some States rely entirely on Federal intervention through TETFund for capital projects. There are 20 projects at IBBU, Lapai, as follows:
ON-GOING PROJECTS Source of % Abandoned Project Source of % Funding Completion Funding Completion TETFund Construction of ICT Centre 10% Senate Building NSG 30% 50% TETFund 2 No. Sci. Dept’l NSG Furnishing of ICT Centre 25% Building TETFund Procurement ICT Equipment 25% 2No. Soc. Sci. NSG 50% Dept’l Building TETFund Procurement of Generator Done Science Lecture NSG 50% Procurement of Auditorium TETFund theatre Furniture 25% Social Sci. Lecture NSG 50% TETFund theatre Procurement of Textbooks 40% Water works NSG 35% TETFund Equipping & Furnishing Lib. 25% Sporting Facilities NSG 10% TETFund ICT equipment for Library 60% Road networks NSG 30% TETFund Street Lights 20% Central Laboratory 60% NSG 10% TETFund Students’ Centre NSG Twin Theatre complex 60% PDF Compressor Pro
There are 8 on-going projects at the Nasarawa State University, Keffi. None of them is funded by the State Government viz:
On-going Projects Funding Source % Completion Lecture Theatre (Fac. of Admin) TETFund 40% Construction of Fac. of Arts TETFund 31% Construction of Fac. Soc. Sci. TETFund 35% Construction of Fac. of Law Lib. TETFund 15% Lecture Theatre (Fac. of Law) TETFund 10% Academic Office Complex I TETFund 37% Academic Office Complex II TETFund 12% Postgraduate School CBN 10% PDF Compressor Pro
There are 9 out of 15 abandoned projects by the proprietor at CRUTECH and equal number of on-going projects with TETFund viz:
S/No Abandoned Projects Funding % S/No Ongoing Projects Funding %
1 Guest House, Calabar Campus CRS 20% 1 Advanced Manufacturing CRS 50% 2. New Cafe Building, Calabar Campus CRS 35% Workshop
3. NDDC Hostel Building NDDC 25% 2. Foundry Workshop building CRS 45% 4. Hostel Block, Obubra Campus CRS 10% 3. Drawing Studio(400) CRS 90% 5. Staff Quarters, Obubra Campus CRS 10% 4. Renovation of Engineering CRS 80% 6. Sports Pavilion,Obubra Campus CRS 10% Faculty Laboratory/Office 7. Male Hostel, Obubra IBCA 30% 5. Postgraduate School Building TETFund 30% 8. Female Hostel 1, Obubra IBCA 25% 9. Female Hostel 2, Obubra IBCA 20% 6. Faculty of Education Block TETFund 45%
10. Cafeteria IBCA 10% 7. Faculty of Management Science TETFund 50% 11. Forestry Farm IBCA 35% Block 12. Water Project CRS 8. 2No Animal House TETFund 30% 13. Staff Offices CRS 14. Pavilion CRS 9. Animal Farm House CRS 40% 15. Residential Quarters CRS 10. Classroom/Lecture Hall TETFund 50% PDF Compressor Pro
Abandoned NDDC Medical College: University of Benin PDF Compressor Pro One of the 22 Abandoned Projects at UNN PDF Compressor Pro Abandoned Library Complex: NDU PDF Compressor Pro
TEACHING STAFF PDF Compressor Pro In the course of our assignment, the Committee found that majority of the universities in the country are:
grossly under-staffed rely heavily on part-time and visiting lecturers have under-qualified Academics bottom-heavy (with junior lecturers forming large chunk of the workforce) only a few of them attract expatriate lecturers have no effective staff development programme outside TETFund intervention and, potentially, the Presidential First Class Scholarship programme. losed (homogeneous staff – in terms of ethno-cultural background) PDF Compressor Pro » Based on the available data, there are 37,504 Academics in Nigerian Public Universities. » 83% of the lecturers are male while 17% are female. PDF Compressor Pro
» 23,030 (61.0%) of the lecturers are employed in Federal universities while 14,474 (39.0%) teach in State Universities. » The teaching staff-students ratio is very high in many universities: National Open University of Nigeria 1:363 University of Abuja 1:122 Lagos State University 1:114 (Compare the above with Harvard 1:4; MIT 1:9; Yale 1:4, Cambridge 1:3; NUS 1:12; KFUPM 1:9; Technion 1:15). PDF Compressor Pro Teaching Staff distribution in the country, both by qualification and by rank, indicates that Nige ia s university system is in crisis of manpower.
Instead of having 100% of the Academics having PhDs, only about 43% do so. The remaining 57% have no PhDs. Instead of having 75% of the Academics between Senior Lecturers and Professors, only about 44% are within the bracket while the remaining 56% are not.
Only 7 Universities have up to 60% of their teaching staff with PhD qualifications (i.e. IMSU, Unical, Ondo State Univ. of Science & Tech Okitipupa, NOUN, Uniport, Unilorin and Uniuyo). While majority of the universities in the country are grossly understaffed, a few cases present a pathetic picture. PDF Compressor Pro There are universities in which the total number of Professors is not more than Five (5)! And total number of PhDs in the whole university is not up to Thirty (30)! Examples are:
the Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, established in 2001 (11 years old) with only 1 Professor and 25 PhD holders. Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero, established in 2006 has only 2 Professors and 5 PhDs. Ondo State University of Science & Technology Okitipupa, established in 2008, has a total of 29 lecturers. There is an increasing culture of visiting lecturership in the university system. Out of a total of 37,504 lecturers, only 28,128 (75%) are engaged on full-time basis. This means that 9,376 (25%) are recycled as Visiting, Adjunct, Sabbatical and Contract lecturers. PDF Compressor Pro In the Gombe State University, only 4 out of 47 Profs are full-time and all 25 Readers are visiting. In the Plateau State University, Bokkos, 74% of the lecturers are visiting. In the Kaduna State University, only 24 out of 174 PhD holders are full-time staff. The phenomenon seems unregulated or the regulation is defied. A tenure staff in one university can visit many universities, irrespective of distance, without any control. Some Academics are always on the road travelling from one university town to another and unable to meet their primary obligations with their tenure-employer. It is making some proprietors of State Universities to believe that they can run Universities without any programme for academic staff development and for recruiting full-time lecturers. PDF Compressor Pro
INTELLECTUAL ACHIEVEMENT PDF Compressor Pro » Over the past three years, the Universities have witnessed increase in publications: . 7935 articles are published by the Universities per annum . There is also an average of 2504 citations per annum . 3304 articles are in local journals published in-house . 3288 are published other local journals . 1343 are published in foreign journals » Teaching Staff in Nigerian universities published heavily in local journals (over 80%) majority of which have no visibility in the international knowledge community. This has a detrimental effect on the eputatio of Nige ia s a ade i s. The TETFund initiative of supporting the Journals of Nigerian professional association would help. 102 journals have been supported in 2 Phases to improve their content including indexing and web. visibility. » No Nigerian academic is in the league of Nobel Laureates or a nominee of Nobel Prize. » There are only 2 registered patents owned by Nigerian Academics in the last 3 years. PDF Compressor Pro
NON-TEACHING STAFF PDF» CompressorNon-teaching Pro staff in the university system are intended to provide administrative and technical support for the maintenance of infrastructural facilities (including laboratories and workshops etc.), the provision of payroll/personnel services, library support services are some of their key responsibilities that make the university system complete, effective and efficient. » In Nigerian universities, however, the disposition of Non- Teaching staff appears to redefine the objectives of the University: ˃ there are numerically more support staff in the services of the universities than the teaching staff they are meant to support – a scenario in which the tail is wagging the dog ˃ More expenditure is incurred in administration and routine functions than in core academic matters PDF Compressor Pro » There are 77,511 full-time non-teaching staff in Nige ia s pu li u i e sities. This is more than twice the total number of full-time teaching staff. » In most of the Universities, there are more non- teaching staff than teaching staff. In fact, the number of non-teaching staff in some Universities doubles, triples or quadruples that of teaching staff. » In some universities, the number of senior administrative staff alone is more than the number of teaching staff (e.g. Uniben, OAU Ile-Ife). » In the University of Benin, there are more senior staff in the Registrar cadre (Dep. Registrars, PARs, SARs) than Professors. PDF Compressor Pro
Almost all the universities are over-staffed with non- teaching staff. The implication of this is over-blown personnel cost and misuse of available resources in the university system. In a number of universities, in spite of the general glut of non-teaching staff, those that reached retirement age are still etai ed i the u i e sit se i e o o t a t hile new recruitment still continues. This is partly responsible for the ballooning of the non-teaching staff. Over 70% of non-teaching staff do not have a first degrees showing low professionalism or unqualified personnel in specific roles within the universities. PDF Compressor Pro
STUDENTS’ ENROLLMENT PDF Compressor Pro The Committee found that: » There are 1,252,913 students in Nigerian Public Universities.
˃ 85% of the students are undergraduates
˃ 5% Sub-degree PG Masters, Sub-Degree, 5% 5% PG Diploma, 3% ˃ 3% Postgraduate diploma PhD, 2% ˃ 5% Masters students ˃ 2% PhD students
Undergraduat es, 85%
» 960,132 students (76.6%) are enrolled in 25 universities (16 Federal, 9 States). Overall, 798,661 students (63.7%) are enrolled in Federal Universities. 34 State Universities have 454,252 students (36.3%). PDF Compressor Pro About 43% of the students are female while 57% are male.
8 Universities (LASU, University of Abuja, Female 43 NOUN, Uniben, Uniport, ABU, MAU, Ekiti Male State University and Unimaid) account for 57 about 33% of total stude ts enrolment in Nigeria. In contrast, 7 Universities put together have total student enrollment of less than 1% of the overall national figure i.e. 6,868 (0.5%). The universities with the least student enrollment are: • Ondo State University of Science & Technolgy (212 students) • Plateau State University, Bokkos(328 students) • Bauchi State University (445 students) • Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun (682 students) • Akwa Ibom State University (837 students) • Yobe State University, Damaturu (2113 students) • Kebbi State University of Science & Technology, Aliero (2251 students) PDF Compressor Pro » Among the undergraduate students: ˃ 33.1% are studying courses in Arts and Social Sciences ˃ 33% are studying Management Sciences and Education courses ˃ 16% studying Science and Education-Science courses ˃ 6.3% are studying Engineering courses ˃ 5% studying Medicine ˃ 3.9% Studying Agriculture ˃ 1.4% studying Pharmacy ˃ 1.3% studying Law
» Indeed the current enrollment is a reversal of the National Policy as the current Science to Non-science ratio of 32:68 instead of 60:40 » There is no relationship between enrollment and the tangible manpower needs of the nation. PDF Compressor Pro
There are 1,252,913 students in 61 public universities in Nigeria. In 2012, some 1,503,931 candidates sat for the UTME examinations, more than the total current enrollment in public universities. The crisis of access remains while quality is also a major challenge.
The Committee found out that compared to developing countries with high and medium populations, the carrying capacity of our Universities is very low in relation to the Open University system, the hybrid (Open and in situ) system and conventional universities as follows: PDF Compressor Pro The Open University system S/No. University Enrollment 1. NOUN 57,759 2. Indira Gandhi NOU (India) 3,500,000 3. Allama Iqbal OU (Pakistan) 1,121,038 4. Bangladesh Open University, Gazipur 600,000
The Hybrid system S/No. University Enrollment 1. LASU 90,885 2. University of Abuja 62,528 3. Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey 1,141,180 4. Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran 818,150 PDF Compressor Pro Conventional System S/No. University Enrollment 1. ABU Zaria 49,436 2. University of Ibadan 33,481 3. University of Nigeria, Nsukka 23,815 4. University of Buenos Aires, Argentina 316,050 5. National Autonomous University of 314,557 Mexico 6. University of South Africa, Pretoria 250,000 7. Cairo University, Giza, Egypt 200,000 Nigeria needs to understudy these countries in expanding access to university education based on the three modes of enrollment. PDF Compressor Pro
HOSTEL ACCOMMODATION PDF Compressor Pro » The provision of decent hostel accommodation to at least 50% of the student population in any residential university is proving to be an uphill task for Nigerian universities. » University managers have, over the years, been unable to diversify their means of providing hostel accommodation and associated facilities to students. » The management styles of students accommodation is generally ineffective and has left majority of the hostel facilities in state of disrepair. » There has been, over the last two decades, an upsurge of stude ts populatio i al ost all Nige ia universities but there was no commensurate improvement of accommodation and other student services. PDF Compressor Pro
Consequently, there is a lot of pressure on the available accommodation facilities. As a result, there is:
• rapid deterioration of hostel facilities • overcrowding and undue congestion in rooms • overstretched lavatory and laundry facilities • poor sanitation, etc.
These conditions, coupled with the general condition of the universities, produce graduates that lack confidence and sometimes even self- worth. PDF CompressorThe Committee Pro found that: There are about 109,509 (representing 10.3% of total student population) on-campus hostels bed spaces across all public universities in Nigeria.
Except NDA Kaduna, no university in Nigeria is able to accommodate more than 35% of its students.
Less than 1% of the hostels are provided via PPP
All Federal Universities charge Ninety Naira only (N90.00) per bed space per session plus hostel maintenance fee that varies between Five thousand Naira only (N5,000.00) to Twenty thousand Naira (N20,000.00).
The hostels attract an average fee of N6,000 for maintenance, while each bed space costs at least N90 per session. There are however many universities that charge higher than this. PDF Compressor Pro
The lavatories in most of the hostels of Nigerian universities are both inadequate and unfit for human use. This is not surprising given the average ratio of toilet to users of 1:20. The unhealthy condition of lavatories is forcing some students to use the bush and/or the surrounding compounds of the hostels as open toilets. This poses serious health hazard.
In some universities (e.g. MOUAU), female students take their bath in the open because the bathrooms are in very poor condition. The hostels are infested with rodents.
Laundries and common rooms in many universities have been converted into rooms where students live. In these improvised rooms, there is no limit to the number of occupants. PDF Compressor Pro In a few universities (e.g. KASU Kaduna), there are private hostels on campus jointly owned by universities and private developers or fully owned by the private developers. They charge between N25,000.00 - N100,000.00 per session.
In a few other universities (e.g. University of Ibadan), the management of university-owned hostels has been outsourced. In such cases, the cost of bed space is a bit more expensive. But the halls are more decent, less congested and properly maintained.
A few universities are fully non-residential: LAUTECH, Osun State University Osogbo, OOU Ago-Iwoye and IMSU or partially residential in favour of medical and some female students like AAU Akungba).
There are some 12 abandoned NDDC hostel projects. PDF Compressor Pro More than 70% of the universities-owned hostels require minor rehabilitation or major reconstruction. Most State universities charge commercial rates for hostel accommodation. This however forced some students to live in stude ts illages scattered around university campuses. In TSU Jalingo and KWASU Malete, there are unoccupied rooms because students cannot afford the rates. In most universities, there is sufficient land to develop more hostels but the universities cannot utilize capital votes for provision of hostel accommodations. There is need to review this policy. Considering the general condition of university-owned hostels where university students live, it is easy to see why the self- esteem of Nigerian students is eroding and their self-confidence shrivelling very fast. In off-campus hostels, students are susceptible to extraneous influences and violence (cultism, prostitution, rape, gang violence, armed robbery and brigandage). PDF Compressor Pro FEMALE HOSTEL AT DELSU, ABRAKA PDF Compressor Pro DANFODIO HOSTEL, ABU ZARIA PDF Compressor Pro STUDENTS HOSTEL AT EBSU, ABAKALIKI PDF Compressor Pro Cooking in Congested Bedroom, University of Benin PDF Compressor Pro Male Hostel: KSUST Aliero PDF Compressor Pro I side Stude ts ‘oo : KUST, Wudil PDF Compressor Pro Inside the Female Hostel, MOUA Umudike PDF Compressor Pro Inside the Female Hostel, AAU Akungba, Akoko, Ondo State PDF Compressor Pro Female Dormitory: 12 per room PDF Compressor Pro Laundry turned into Hostel Room: Univ. of Maiduguri PDF Compressor Pro Male Hostel, Malabo Republic, University of Calabar PDF Compressor Pro Toilet, Female Hostel, Malabo Republic, University of Calabar PDF Compressor Pro Postgraduate Hostel Facility, UDUS Sokoto PDF Compressor Pro Toilet, IMSU Owerri PDF Compressor Pro
Toilet, KASU Kaduna PDF Compressor Pro
Stude ts Toilet, U i ersity of Jos PDFKWASU Compressor Pro
UNAAB PDF Compressor Pro Private Hostel at KASU, Kaduna
Univ.-managed Hostel at KASU, Kaduna PDF Compressor Pro
MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE & SERVICES PDF Compressor Pro » Municipal/infrastructural facilities in the university are necessary ingredients/services that make the university a complete community. Providing them in every university campus is necessary not only as facilitators of teaching and learning but also for the campuses to be habitable and decent places for living. These facilities include: • Power Supply • Street Lighting and Illumination • Sporting Facilities (Sport complexes, courts & pitches etc.) • Road Network • “tude ts Ce t e Water Supply • • Campus Market (Shopping malls, • General Landscaping Souvenir stores, bookstores, • Health and Sanitation Banks, Printing press, pharmacy, • Staff Club travel agents, and Eateries etc.) • Security • Gymnasia » None of the universities provide any information about their campus markets. Only 4 universities provide information about their health services while only universities with physiotherapy or physical and health education departments provide information about their gymnasia. Few universities provide data on staff clubs and sporting facilities while majority of the universities have given detailed information about water supply, power supply, road network, and street lighting. PDF Compressor Pro The summary of the Committee findings are as follows: » It is generally observed that very poor maintenance culture is costing Nigerian Universities a lot of resources. » Municipal services that require cheap and routine maintenance schedules are generally ignored until they completely fail or collapse. » Artisans and technicians in most universities are side-lined in favour of contractors who are not familiar with university installations and infrastructures. » Basic municipal facilities like water, electricity, transportation, market etc. are either lacking or highly inadequate. » Most of the universities rely on water tankers and boreholes. » There is no university that has a functional integrated water supply and distribution network. » There is no organised market on most of the university campuses resulting in inappropriate use of learning spaces for trade. » Healthcare facilities at the Universities are grossly inadequate. » The land areas of most universities are unsecured and are therefore encroached upon by neighbouring communities. PDF Compressor Pro Queuing for Water in Hostel, FUT Owerri PDF Compressor Pro
Acute Water Problem, Female Hostel, Kogi State University, Anyigba KSU PDF Compressor Pro
Collapsed shallow well in hostel where students lost their lives: AAU, Ekpoma RIP: Miss A geli ta Okha 4 ’L Bus. Ad i a d Miss A igail Iyaughe ’L E o . PDF Compressor Pro Medical Centre, University of Jos PDF Compressor Pro Medical Centre, IMSU Owerri PDF Compressor Pro Medical Centre, KASU PDF Compressor Pro
Access Road to UNAAB PDF Compressor Pro
Typical Road, BUK PDF Compressor Pro
Campus Road, UI PDF Compressor Pro
Access Road into the main campus, ATBU PDF Compressor Pro
Campus Road, UNN PDF Compressor Pro
Campus Road, NSU PDF Compressor Pro UniUyo PDF Compressor Pro Erosion, University of Benin PDF Compressor Pro
Swamp Threat behind the Faculty of Engineering, NDU Wilberforce Island PDFErosion, Compressor Delta State Pro University, Abraka PDF Compressor Pro
FUNDING PDF Compressor Pro The major funding sources for the universities in descending order are:
Recurrent allocation (which contributes 68%) Internally Generated Revenue (16%) Capital Allocation (7%) TETFund (4%) Research Grants (3%) Service Charges (2%) Donations/Aid/Endowment (less than 1%). PDF Compressor Pro
RECOMMENDATIONS PDF Compressor Pro
Arising from these findings, one can surmise that the problems of Nigerian Universities are:
» Students sitting on bare floor or peeping through windows to attend lectures » Over 1000 students being packed in lecture halls meant for less than 150 students » Over 400 students being packed in laboratory meant for 75 students » Students cannot get accommodation, where they get they are packed like sardines in tiny rooms » No light and no water in hostels, classrooms and laboratories » Students use the bushy areas of their campus for toilet because lavatory facilities are too hazardous to use » Academic culture is dying very fast » Library facilities and services are archaic and comatose » Many laboratory equipment are only known to students in theory (never seen many of them not to talk of using them) » Broken furniture everywhere » Unkempt buildings and dilapidating facilities » Over-worked, untrained, and inadequate teachers, etc » The list o ti ues, BUT…. PDF Compressor Pro
These p o le s are actually SYMPTOMS of the real PROBLEMS. The real problems of the universities are: The quality of Leadership and Governance in the Universities Prioritization of Resource Allocation Limited Resources (Some proprietors have abdicated the responsibility for funding of capital projects to TETFund) In universities where councils/managers: » Spend millions to erect super-gates when their Libraries are still at foundation level; » Expend millions to purchase exotic vehicles for university officers even though they lack basic classroom furnishings; » Spend hundreds of millions in wall-fencing and in-fencing when students accommodation is inadequate and in tatters; » Are more interested in spending money on creation of new programmes instead of consolidating and expanding access to existing ones; » Are more keen to award new contracts rather than completing the abandoned projects or standardizing existing facilities; » Expend hundreds of millions paying visiting and part-time lecturers rather than recruiting full-time staff and/or training existing ones; PDF» CompressorAre spending Prohundreds of millions in mundane administration cost instead of providing boreholes and power supplements and hostels and academic area; » Are more interested in hiring more support staff (even when there is clear over- staffing) instead of recruiting/training more Academics; » Rely solely on government envelops instead of being creative and diversifying their sources of income; » Are hiring personal staff, including Personal Assistants, Special Advisers, Bodyguards, Personal Consultants, etc. instead of utilising establishment positions in the universities; » Are always in tug-o-war with Governing Councils over role-encroachment and contract tendering; » Deliberately misinform and/or deceive regulatory agencies so as to get accreditation of their programmes; » Consciously hire mercenary staff and/or borrow equipment for the purpose of accreditation » Are always at daggers drawn with staff unions over basic welfare issues;
These universities cannot possibly be in a different situation than they presently are. To address the Needs of Nigeria Universities, there is urgent need to, prima facie, address the issue of p o isio of ualit leade ship a d go e a e i pu li u i e sities. Thus…. PDF Compressor Pro The Committee makes 189 recommendations in order to reposition the public University system in Nigeria. These are summarised and appended to this presentation.
These recommendations are grouped into 3 areas:
Council and Management Proprietors Regulatory agency (i.e. NUC) However, 2 out of these recommendations are highlighted as follows: PDF Compressor Pro 1. Management of the Universities Nothing can work in our universities without proactive management. Two issues are pertinent.
The first is the composition and character of the GOVERNING COUNCILS, especially the external members, among them the Pro-Chancellor, appointed by Government. They need to be carefully chosen and saddled with clear tasks that they must accomplish ab initio. The integrity of Councils is central to the rejuvenation of our Universities. PDF Compressor Pro
In Federal Universities, Councils appoint Vice Chancellors and initiate the process of their removal. They must set clear targets for the Universities related to their core mandate and hold the VCs and management to account for the attainment or otherwise of these targets. Specific recommendations are contained in the main report.
The second critical issue in the management of our Universities is the VCs and PRINCIPAL OFFICERS. The major issue here is attitude. PDF Compressor Pro
University managers need to be creative in diversifying sources of revenue to the institutions: establishing viable commercial ventures marketing their consultancy services commercialization of accommodation charging competitive fees for postgraduate studies converting innovations into commercial products pursuing endowments and bequeaths etc. Many Councils, VCs and Principal Officers take their appointments as merely perfunctory. Priorities are inverted: back-end becomes front-end and vice versa as graphically illustrated by the following slides. PDF Compressor Pro Department of Biological Sciences 1 2
Central Admin Complex 3 4
Interior of Vice Cha ellor’s Offi e Botany Laboratory PDF Compressor Pro 2. Teaching Staff With only 28,128 full-time and pensionable academic staff (out of a total 37,504) in 61 public universities in Nigeria, there is a chronic shortage of teaching staff. The Cairo University in Giza, Egypt, alone has 12,158 academic staff.
With only 2% of students in Nigerian universities registered for PhD, the system is unable to regenerate itself.
57% of lecturers in Nigerian Universities have no PhD.
There are two issues: number and quality of lecturers. PDF Compressor Pro
The Committee notes the efforts by TETFund which has so far sponsored 5,867 lecturers of tertiary institutions for PG studies within and outside Nigeria. The Committee also notes the efforts by PTDF and NITDA in awarding scholarships for higher degrees to qualified Nigerians. Similarly, the Committee notes the potential impact of the Presidential First Class Scholarship programme on the number and quality of lecturers. The Committee recommends that: All proprietors of Universities to be given a moratorium of 5 - 7 years in which 90% of their lecturers should have PhDs. Visiting lectureship should be regulated. Every tenure- track academic seeking to work as a visiting lecturer to another university must obtain approval from his/her employer through the Senate. Details in the main Report. PDF Compressor Pro
As part of the criteria for licencing new universities or accreditation of programmes by NUC, there must be clear evidence of a robust and continuous investment in academic staff training and development (within and outside Nigeria) by all proprietors.
There should be greater synergy among the Federal funding agencies in PG sponsorship. PTDF and NITDA should target university lecturers for sponsorship within their respective mandates to complement TETFund intervention. PDF Compressor Pro
6 Federal Universities (the oldest University in each geo-political zone) should be designated as essentially Postgraduate training institutions.
These Universities have the requisite number of senior academic staff who are currently largely engaged in undergraduate teaching.
From 2012, 50% of their enrollment should be PG students to rise to 70% by 2016. Already, the University of Ibadan is inching towards this ratio. PDF Compressor Pro
The proposed universities and their number of senior academics are as follows:
S/No. University Prof. Readers Senior Total Lecturers 1. University of Ibadan 272 82 299 653 2. University of Nigeria, 304 39 405 748 Nsukka 3. Ahmadu Bello University, 236 158 342 736 Zaria 4. University of Benin 239 118 289 646 5. University of Maiduguri 140 80 149 369 6. University of Ilorin 156 51 243 450 Total 1347 528 2727 3602 PDF Compressor Pro Other Recommendations Detailed recommendations are attached to this summary covering:
Non-teaching staff I eased a ess i.e. stude ts e oll e t Physical Infrastructure for Teaching & Learning Provision of Learning Resources On-Campus Accommodation Improved Funding to complement budgetary allocation Municipal Infrastructure “taff a d “tude ts U io s PDF Compressor Pro
SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS PDF CompressorLEADERSHIP AND Pro GOVERNANCE
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
High quality governance will only come about if Governing Councils/Senates and University statutes to be reviewed Vice-Chancellors perform their roles with skill and efficiency. The distinction between governance and management clearly established. The leadership and reporting Streamline the functions of Council responsibilities of the Vice Chancellor be well-defined. Committee system Committees to be in tune with arrangements and delegated authorities regularly reviewed and amended. It is needs/challenges of universities therefore recommended that Governing Council: a. Establishes a clear vision and goals for the university. b. Ensures that university planning and implementation is consonant with those goals. c. Distinguishes between its governance role and the responsibilities of management. d. Maintains appropriate conventions and relationships with Senate and Management. e. Establishes the leadership, management and accountability responsibilities of the Vice Chancellor. f. Unequivocally supports management staff as they implement Council policies and decisions. g. Regularly reviews the responsibilities and efficiency of functioning of the committee system. h. Annually reviews and amends formal financial, personnel and other delegations of responsibilities. i. Reviews and reports publicly on its own performance, efficiency and effectiveness. Ensure that universities are, at no time, allowed to remain without a Governing Provisions of statutes in respect of Council in place and that Council members are appointed base on merit (chosen tenure of Governing Councils be based on their track records of credibility, integrity, reach, competence, patriotism, respected. and commitment to education and development) and they are allowed to live their Objective criterion be put in place for tenure as provided by the law. appointment of Council members PDF Compressor Pro RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
Statutes of universities be amended to outline the duties and responsibilities of Draft review to be prepared and sent to governing councils and their members. NASS Government shall set both upper and lower bounds on number of meetings of Policy statement governing councils and their committees per annum to make them both effective and less expensive. As much as possible, Council shall ensure that all appointments in the university are need-based and done in accordance with the provision of the relevant laws and without resort to any regiono-tribal sentiments. Councils shall pursue the attainment of the NUC benchmark on Academic/Support Commence recruitment of more academic Staff ratio in order to refocus university spendingon actual university business. staff to make up for the short-fall
Unless on exceptional circumstances, to be defined by the Senate itself, administrative approval on behalf of Senate be stopped. All businesses of Senate shall be handled by Senate. The statutes of universities need to be reviewed to modify the composition of Draft review to be prepared and sent to Senate if it is to be efficient and effective. It is proposed that the composition be NASS modified to include: the Vice Chancellor as Chairman, the Deputy Vice Chancellors, all Deans of Faculties, all Academic Directors, all Heads of Departments whose departments awards degrees (departments in faculties like Law, Medicine, Pharmacy etc that contribute to one degree shall be represented by the Dean of the Faculty), three Professors to be elected by the Faculty Board of each Faculty (no two of which shall belong tothe same department), andthe Registrar as Secretary.
No staff without terminal degreeshall be a member of Senate of any university. Review university calendars, condition of service and statute The statutes of universities shall be reviewed to make the meeting of Congregation Draft review to be prepared and sent to mandatory at least once every session. NASS PDF Compressor Pro
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
The statutes of universities shall be reviewed to make the Annual Convocation Draft review to be prepared and sent to Ceremony equivalent to Convocation meeting. NASS
It is recommended that the Vice chancellors: Council to articulate and enumerate the a. Shall have well-defined responsibilities responsibilities of the VC b. Shall offer a leadership system providing direction, commitment, consistency of purpose, integrity and performance assessment c. Be Selfless: takes decision at all time in the best interest of the university. Not to do so in order to gain financial or other material benefits for themselves, their family, or their friends. d. Be a person of integrity: not to place themselves under any financial or other obligation to outside individuals or organisations that might influence them in the performance of their official duties. e. Be Objective: in carrying out university business, including making appointments, awarding contracts, or recommending individuals for rewards and benefits, VCs should be guided by merit. f. Be Accountable: VCs are accountable for their decisions and actions to Council. g. Be Open: be as open as possible about the decisions and actions they take with reasons and justifications. h. Be Honest: VCs have a duty to declare any private interests relating to their public duties and to take step to resolve any conflicts arising in a way that protects the university interest. All non-establishment positions created by some vice chancellors (like PAs, SAs, FCs, Policy statement. Council ensures BGs, etc) be banned in theuniversity system. compliance
Governing Councils in conjunction with Senate shall define the responsibilities of the Proposal shall emanate from Senate to DVCs and minimum qualification required for the appointment of Vice Chancellors be the Council via the Vice chancellor extended to the appointment of DVCs. PDF Compressor Pro
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
Management Information System Units of all university shall be tasked to automate the personnel and Develop information students records and all such other records that may be required from time to time for the purpose of engines for staff and planning. students record All staff in the university shall be made to attend staff induction training at least every five years. Training modules be developed and deployed Abandoned projects shall be completed (or continued with) before new ones are started by incoming Be made standing Council Vice Chancellors decision For University Management, efficiency depends upon the degree to which management arrangements Operational manual for are linked to u i e sit s aspirations and how systemic and transparent the decision pathways are, and committees and heads of how well they work. It is recommended that: units be developed and a. Comprehensive financial, personnel and other delegations and policies be reviewed by university periodically updated management annually. b. Roles of committees and individual managers be distinguished and duplications and gaps in University managers and responsibilities be avoided. union leaders be reaching c. Effective system of public notification and together with effective advice of duties and support for out to either party. staff members taking up new responsibilities (including membership of committees) be put in place. d. Staff roles and responsibilities be documented. Explicit individual staff and students codes of obligations and rights be developed and advertised. e. Regular individual target setting and performance reviews linked to promotions and rewards. f. Charters and service standards for all service units be developed and publicised. g. As much as possible, university managers shall continue to reach-out to staff union with a view to sustaining and/or establishing cordial working relation with them for the sake of the institutions. h. Unions shall, at all times, be implored to explore dialogue and diplomatic avenues in pressing for their demands. While councils and managements of universities shall, at all times, provide the avenues and create the conditions that would make dialogue with unions possible and successful. PDF Compressor Pro
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
All structures meant to facilitate the provision of academic leadership like the Committee These structures shall be manned of Deans and Directors, Academic Staff Development Committee, Academic Development with the right calibre of personnel Committee, University Research Board, Interdisciplinary Research Centres, Quality to get results Assurance Unit (Teaching and Research), shall be put in place and be made to function effectively and unhindered. As much as possible, inbreeding shall be discouraged in the university system and Staff &students exchanges. deliberate mentoring policy be introduced in all universities. Scholarship & Studentship Governing Councils shall balance between democratization of positions of academic responsibilities and the constraints of providing academic leadership.
Council shall note that the higher the proportion of the total annual budget of the Minimize administrative and university that can be spent on the core functions of teaching and research the better the overhead costs of running the university is pursuing its mission. Counciltherefore universities. a. Shall continually monitor and review the teaching/research expenditure ratio, demonstrating the steps that have been taken to maximise resources allocated to Prioritize academic and research teaching and research. activities over non-teaching b. Ensure that for administrative costs (central) the ratio should be at the lower expenditure end of the scale, in the range of 9 to 10 per cent of the operating fund of the university. c. Ensure that the overall administrative costs, that is, the proportion of the overall university budget taken up by administrative costs, including the cost of any out- sourced functions (e.g. Cleaning & security), that is central administration plus the administrative costs within units with devolved responsibilities, should not exceed 18 – 20 per cent. Penalties be introduced for managers that failed to access and properly utilise their u i e sities allocation of TETFund subventions for research, staff development (scholarships), conference attendance, publications, etc. PDF Compressor Pro
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
Government needs to empower and re-strengthen the National Universities Policy statement. Review of Commission to enforce all accreditation criteria and ensure objectivity and accreditation processes patriotism in the conduct of the exercise. In this regards, credible scholars and university managers with track records of discipline, quality scholarship, respect of law and laid down procedures, seasoned professionals from the relevant professional bodies, and committed to building a strong university system for the country shall be involved in the exercise. Universities that lied, forged their records, hire equipment or hire mercenary staff just for accreditation purposes shall be closed down for a minimum of five years. A technical committee be set up by Government to critically examine these Quality statesmen/women to be recommendations with a view to drawing policies for higher education provision selected in the country Staff evaluation by students shall be introduced in all universities as means of Students feedback template to be obtaining feedbacks. proposed All relevant anti-plagiarism software shall be procured and deployed by all Off-the-shelf anti-plagiarism packages be universities with a view to improving quality of teaching, research and introduced in all universities publications. PDF Compressor Pro PHYSICAL FACILITIES FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
Government shall consider the provision of quality infrastructure for teaching and Policy prioritization in respect of learning in all universities as a national emergency. implementation of Needs Assessment recommendation
All ongoing physical facilities development in the Univ. System shall be completed Funds made available. Supervision to within the stipulated time and be put to use. ensure compliance with project timeline
All abandoned projects in the university shall be completed as a matter of priority. Technical Committee of experts be set to determine the cost University facilities shall be conceived and built as role-models in quality, utility Imbue the provisions of international best and aesthetics so as to reflect these values on university students in their training practices and comply with standards. and also to build their confidence based on the nature of the environment they are being trained Refectories, sporting arenas, convocation squares etc that are converted into Teaching be restricted to facilities meant le tu e halls shall e e e ted a k to thei o igi al i te ded pu pose. A for that purpose. university student that is supposed to be trained in decent lecture rooms and More facilities for teaching and learning laboratories should not be put in a kitchen or an open-air sport arena or be be provided. peeping through the window in the name of lectures. These demoralise and Regulatory agencies to ensure humiliate the student. The result is a university graduate without self-worth. compliance.
Large lecture theatres shall be discouraged. Universities should be All new lecture facilities development to encouraged/directed to adopt the interactive pedagogy which requires students be made compliant with interactive to be taught in small groups. Consequently, 150-300 seat capacity theatre shall be pedagogy promoted and classrooms of 50-150 seats capacity shall be encouraged PDF Compressor Pro RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
Government shall allocate appropriate resources to fund the construction Technical Committee of experts to be set up by of lecture theatres, lecture rooms, laboratories, workshops, etc as Government to determine the cost of providing recommended in the individual university reports. the facilities as recommended in the individual universities report
There is an urgent need to establish 6 National laboratories fully equipped with state-of-the-art facilities for cutting-edge scientific research in the country Universities shall step up efforts to attract endowments and bequeaths Relevant university committees to be set up. that would support the provision of physical facilities for teaching and Universities to reach-out to private sector, learning donor agencies and philanthropist.
All physical facilities that need renovation and/or repair shall be given all Technical Committee of experts to be set up by necessary attention so as to make effective use of them. Government to determine the cost of renovating/repairing the facilities as recommended in the individual universities report PDF Compressor Pro LEARNING RESOURCES: General Learning Resources RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
Government and all stakeholders in the university system shall, as a matter of Policy prioritization in respect of urgency consider the provision of general learning resources as an implementation of Needs Assessment emergency as well as important priority. recommendation
Libraries in all university shall be automated and subscribed to all major Governing Council to ensure that Universities knowledge gateways. Physical collections of books/periodicals need to be deploy their Library Funds more judiciously. updated periodically (every semester) to ensure the currency of the literature Regulatory agencies to make automation a being used to train the students. precondition for licence/accreditation
Computing facilities and services shall be made available to students and Broadband service to be provided to staff in all universities. Internet services shall, as a matter of utmost universities. importance, be made accessible to all staff and students in all universities. Computer clusters and helpdesks be provided in Funding agencies shall assist in the provision of learning centres equipped Faculties/Schools. with workstations to support students learning experiences. To promote interactive pedagogy, white boards, video projectors, Public Bulk procurement of basic learning resources . Address System and interactive boards shall be deployed in lecture venues of all Nigerian universities. Most classes and laboratories are either shabbily furnished or crammed with Identifying, repairing and/or replacing broken broken and dilapidated chairs and stools. Universities shall provide decent furniture. ergonomic furnishing in libraries, lecture halls/theatres, classrooms and Furnishing of all subsequent facilities to comply laboratories. with standards Electro-mechanical ventilators, fans and air-conditioning systems shall be put Identification and installation in all affected in all learning facilities and be properly maintained. facilities An international conference centre shall be provided in all universities and be Technical committee of experts to determine equipped with state-of-the-art conference facilities including video the design and costing. conferencing, multi-lingual PAS, internet service etc PDF Compressor Pro LEARNING RESOURCES: Laboratory Consumables
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
Government shall collaborate with the private sector in establishing Feasibility study to be conducted. companies that produce laboratory reagents/consumables to ease the Relevant contacts to be made. access to, and supply of these consumables to the education sub-sector. Lab consumables factories be rolled on
In the intervening period, universities shall be allowed to be making Adjustment of Public Procurement Act to permit direct purchase of consumables from manufacturers instead of going direct purchase of lab consumables through contractor/vendors that compromise the quality and standards of such supplies. Reagents/Consumables needed by individual universities, as listed in Bulk procurement of reagents and other their reports, shall be procured. consumables ‘egulato age ies shall sa tio a u i e sit that u s d la i Snap supervision visits in-between accreditation the training of its science-based students. exercises be conducted
Universities shall be made to develop detail guidelines on inventory Relevant committees be tasked to develop taking, laboratory consumables usage, hazard control in laboratories, guidelines and code of ethics in experimentation. PDF Compressor Pro LEARNING RESOURCES: Special Equipment
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN All equipment that are identified to be serviceable shall be serviced Equipment Maintenance Units to be tasked to immediately evaluate & present for funding Equipment/machines needed by the universities but not available shall be Technical Committee to determine the costing procured. No purchase of equipment shall be made without accompanying the Procurement Committees to incorporate this training component for the usage and management of the requirement into tendering process machine/equipment As much as permitted by the law, universities shall be allowed to be Adjustment of Public Procurement Act to permit making direct order of equipment/machine from manufacturers. direct purchase of lab consumables Manufacturers of training equipment/machines shall be invited and Manufacturers be indentified and contacted. encouraged to establish branches in Nigeria Appropriate environ and incentives be offered
Comprehensive guidelines and code of practice for equipment use shall be Relevant committees be tasked to develop developed by all universities guidelines All universities shall have a central laboratory with customised facilities for Technical Committee to determine the costing special equipment so as to ensure their safety, control their usage, and be routinely maintained. Universities shall establish a network for sharing information about Appropriate platforms be created such us university available resources/equipment so as to ensure optimal utilization as well expo, students/staff exchange programs, as cross-institutional exchange of knowledge and skills. professional online fora, etc.
Some equipment/machine may be used by universities to generate Set up relevant committees additional income PDF Compressor Pro
STAFFING: TEACHING STAFF
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
Given the inadequacy of teaching staff in the university system, it is Recurrent allocation to universities be recommended that government shall have a deliberate policy of improving the improved to create the window for more national ratio to 1:20 within the next two years. Using the present figures of recruitment of academics student enrolment, this translates to increasing the number of academic staff in Conditions of service be made Nigerian universities from the current 28,000 to 50,000. To do this, government competitive and attractive and other stakeholders need to: Provide additional funds for staff Ensure the creation and sustenance of conducive environment of teaching development and learning. purse linkages and collaborations Ensure the establishment of competitive conditions of service not just to put in place objective promotion criteria retain the existing academics but also to attract variety of international pay serious attention to full-time staff s hola s i to Nige ia s u i e sit s ste quality, quantity and mix as preconditions Put in place a massive and sustainable staff development programme to get for accreditation of programmes all university academics acquire the doctorate degrees Ensure that more female academics are recruited into the university service Ensure that the benchmark on staff mix (especially based on rank) is complied with To ensure that all university academics have the minimum qualification to teach in University conditions of service; and the university, government shall direct the appropriate regulatory agencies to appointment & promotions guidelines issue a moratorium of Five (5) years within which all teaching staff in the shall be reviewed to reflect this university system should acquire a doctorate degree. During the moratorium, all requirement. new employments into academic position must meet the academic requirement (i.e. completed PhD or pursuing one). Circulars shall be sent to all universities in respect of this PDF Compressor Pro
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
University managers should pursue the endowment of Chairs by private Relevant committees to identify and reach organizations and philanthropists with a view to improving the quality and mix of out to prospective donors their staff.
University with very poor staffing situation and unacceptable staff mix should Recurrent allocation to universities be also be given a moratorium of Six years within which massive recruitment must improved to create the window for more be made with a view to meeting the minimum number and benchmarked mix of recruitment of academics teaching staff. If after Six years the staffing need is not satisfied, such universities Conditions of service be made competitive should be denied accreditation and be stopped from admitting new students. and attractive Provide additional funds for staff development put in place objective promotion criteria Government should also target the production of academics in key priority areas Avail all universities with the policy as defined by the national policy on high-level manpower development. document. Set different targets to different universities In order to bolster the research profile and improve the standing of Nigerian TETFund be tasked to come up with detail university academics, there is the need for massive and sustained funding of proposal in respect of research funding and cutting edge research, especially in priority areas. To do this, a national research the setting up of NRF. fund (resident at TETFund) shall be established. This fund shall have clear, well- publicised guidelines and timelines for access and utilization. There shall be in place, some appropriate penalty for any defaulting university TETFund to propose measures based on that failed to access its staff development subvention (and all other experiences and patterns of accesses interventions) from the TETFund. PDF Compressor Pro
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
Visiting lectureship should be regulated. Every tenure-track academic Senior staff regulations and conditionsof seeking to work as a visiting lecturer to another university must obtain service be reviewed appropriately to reflect this a written approval from his/her employer through the Senate. The provision. visited university should not accept any visiting lecturer without the evidence of permission from his/her University Senate. University shall Regulatory agencies to ensure compliance of restrict the number of universities (to a maximum of two within a receiving universities radius of 200km) that an academic can work as part-time or visiting lecturer simultaneously.
Recognising that all teaching staff are responsible for doing their part by Relevant committee be set up for the upholding the highest standards of competence and character, codification of ethics policy. government shall direct the relevant regulatory agencies to request all universities in the country to codify the Ethics Policy for Academic Staff. Policy be made available to all academics This policy shall cover such areas as: teaching & research, mentoring & relating to students, integrity & excellence, relating with colleagues & Be publicised in university publications and community, compliance with the law, use of university resources, websites harassment & discrimination, conflict of interest, intellectual property rights, etc. PDF Compressor Pro STAFFING: NON - TEACHING
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
For Nigerian universities to be effectively managed, misplacement of Policy statementin respect of hiring of non- priorities and unnecessary personnel cost need to be stopped. The limited teaching staff budgetary allocation to universities must be deployed frugally for optimal results. Consequently, it is recommended to government to order for an immediate embargo on the recruitment of non-teaching staff in all Nigerian universities. Whiletheembargo lasts,
Government shall order for a comprehensive staff audit (general – teaching Governing Councils to set up high-powered and non-teaching) in all universities. This audit exercise shall among other committee to conduct the audit exercise, after things NUC most have given the Establishment Determine whether all the staff on the university payroll are actually on positions in universities and in line with NNMS the ground and in active service. Whether all the staff possess the relevant qualifications needed to serve in the capacity they are currently serving. Whether their schedules of duty are explicitly defined and properly streamlined. Whether the university is getting value for the money being expended on the staff. Having the support staff to out-number the main staff is a complete Policy implementation. Proper supervision and misnomer in the university. This is partly because many universities failed to sanctioning implement the out-sourcing policy arising from the monetisation circular of government and partly because there is inadequate number of teaching staff in many universities. It is therefore recommended to government to enforce the out-sourcing policy in all universities within a span of two financial years. Defaulting universities should be appropriately reprimanded. PDF Compressor Pro
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
Arising from the staff audit report, government should direct all universities to Policy statement in respect of hiring of non- develop a detailed and transparent criteria for staff recruitment that is based teaching staff on university needs, appli a ts competence and such other government regulations as defined in thepublic servicerules and regulations.
There is a very urgent need to halt the very fast artificial growth of Registry Governing Councils to set up high-powered and Bursary departments of Nigerian universities. To this effect, it is committee to conduct the reorganization recommended to government to direct all university governing councils to exercise constitute a high-powered committee for the reorganization of these departments with a view to making them leaner, more professional and more effective. All the non-establishment positions in the offices of vice chancellors of many Policy statement directing Governing councils universities shall be scrapped forthwith. The positions of special advisers, to scrap non-establishment positions. Proper special assistants, bodyguards, special consultants, etc that are creeping into supervision and sanctioning to ensure full the university system are no more additional conduit of mismanaging compliance university resources. These positions also have the potential of upsetting the balance of hierarchy and professionalism in the non-teaching cadre of the universities. Vice chancellors shall be directed to desist from making any official employment outside the existing establishment positions in the university PDF Compressor Pro
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
Arising from the staff auditing process, qualified non-teaching staff should be Staff training scheme be put in place. Funds be going through periodic retraining through internal and external workshops, allocated to sponsor qualified non-teaching seminars and such other courses as their callings deem appropriate. staff for relevant refresher courses No university shall invest staff development fund in training non-teaching staff Relevant committees (CDD and/or POs) to fo PhD p og a es. T ai i g fo aste s p og a es shall e st i tl ased ensure compliance. Conditions of service be of the university needs and the professional callings of the affected staff. reviewed. Non-teaching staff that are due for retirement should be allowed to retire and Policy statement directing Governing Councils. leave the university service. Government shall request the governing councils to direct the management of the universities to stop hiring non-teaching staff on casual, part-time, or contract basis. For government, and other funding agencies to concentrate on the business of NUC to work out the modalities supporting teaching, learning and research; and for and the university managers to concentrate on pursuing the mission, vision and core values of their institution, it is recommended to government to study the feasibility and viability of converting all non-teaching staff in Nigerian universities into the staff of Federal or State Ministry of Education (as the case may be). If this is done, governments and funding agencies know for certain every investment would go into the main mandate of the university. Administrative spending and personnel cost would only be restricted to academic matters. Universities would have more resources, more time, and more attention to research, learning, and teaching. And government would have full control over the increasing growth of the population of non-teaching staff in the universities. PDF Compressor Pro
STUDENTS’ ENROLLMENT & AFFILIATIONS
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
Government needs to pursue a deliberate policy of expanding access to Technical committee of experts to provide the university education. A situation where the total enrolment in 61 costing of upgrading existing facilities and universities in the country is only 4 times the enrolment of a single developing new ones as recommended in the university in Latin America (for example) clearly explains the Nige ia s individual university reports. university enrolment dilemma. A situation where universities are only able to offer places to less than 10% of their prospective applicants each year Review of university admission quotas also buttressed this dilemma. In expanding access, government shall take cognisance of the following:
a. the need to target quadrupling university enrolment in the next three years – 2013 to 2015 (doubling the enrolment in the first two years and doubling again in the third year). b. the necessity of upgrading existing infrastructure and providing all the requisite facilities needed to drive modern teaching and learning. c. the necessity of providing additional infrastructure and employing new Academics to cater for the expansion needs. d. the need to streamline university programmes to be in tandem with national policy on high-level manpower development. e. the need to have a robust and viable private sector that would compete with government in hiring the services of graduates PDF Compressor Pro
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
In order to drive national development, universities should be producing skill-full and Inter-ministerial committee be put qualitative graduates that would not only lead in innovation, creativity, and discoveries, in place to review the manpower but also compete favourably with their counterparts globally. In doing this, government development policy of the country. policy on high-level manpower development needs to be reviewed with a view to allotting special attention to the training of, and the provision of technical experts in Information & The process of accreditation Communication Technology, high-tech engineering, medical sciences, agricultural exercise shall be sciences, and natural sciences etc. Consequently, it is suggested that government need to: reviewed/strengthened and quality a. Promote and enforce the policy of 60:40 Science/Art ratio in all universities. Science scholars, professionals in practice, in this context means all science-based courses while art means all arts/humanities- and education administrators shall based courses. always form the core of the b. Strengthen the capacity of all quality assurance agencies in the education sector resource persons to conduct the (e.g. NUC) and make them more dispassionate and scrupulous in the discharge of their exercise responsibilities (especially as they relate to the accreditation of programmes and Govt. to review the laws facilities). establishing the relevant c. Set targets to the universities in respect of meeting the quantum and quality of professional bodies graduates and professionals needed by the country. This target should include, but not limited to, producing graduates that are job-creators rather than job-seekers Introduce feedback mechanisms
Looking at the percentage of postgraduate PhD students in the country, it is fair to Senate of individual universities be conclude that succession plan in the higher education system in the country is weak. tasked with the responsibility of Universities should expand their postgraduate programmes as well as make them coming up with blueprint attractive to international students. In doing this, universities a. Should be allowed to charge internationally competitive fees for all postgraduate courses. b. Should endeavour to adopt the international best practices in research and supervision at graduate level. c. Should participate in international collaborations, linkages and professional networks d. Should target having at least 25% of their enrolment to be graduate students PDF Compressor Pro
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
The policy of 60:40 Science : Arts ratio shall be extended to Postgraduate Policy statement enrolment. This shall be started with 1st generation universities before it is generalized. The 1st generation universities shall also be made to admit more postgraduate students than undergraduates. Government needs to instruct universities to be organising career guidance Career guidance unit/department to develop visits to senior secondary schools and high schools with a view to informing visits calendar and programmes the pupils and raising their awareness about science-based programmes. Gi e the fa t that o e 30% of total stude ts populatio i the ou t is Policy statement provided by only 9 Universities while the remaining 63 provides 70%, it can easily be inferred that universities in Nigeria need to expand access and provide more places for the teaming Nigerian youth. Consequently, it is recommended to Government to put and embargo/freeze into the establishment of new universities while concentrated efforts are being put to consolidate the existing ones. This embargo shall be for a period of 10 years. While the embargo lasts, existing universities shall not open any new campuses but rather concentrate in developing the existing ones.
While the expansion of access to university education is going on, Regulatory agencies to be more proactive and universities that admit students beyond their approved carrying capacities creative in monitoring enrolment and ensuring should be sanctioned. This is necessary given the attendant implication of compliance with carrying capacities over-enrolment of students to the facilities and to the quality of services (including teaching and learning). This translates into poor quality of the graduates that such universities produced. PDF Compressor Pro
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
The ban by the NUC on universities to stop running diploma programmes at sub- This requirement shall be incorporated into degree level should be enforced. accreditation requirements
Polytechnics and colleges of education shall also concentrate on the training and Policy statement by government. provision of middle-level manpower through ND, HND and NCE courses that they are established to do, while high-level manpower training shall be left to the Enforcement by relevant agencies universities. In this regard, a program for ending the training of undergraduates in colleges of education and polytechnics shall be put in place by the regulatory agencies in conjunction with the affected institutions.
While this program is being worked out, government shall (through its regulatory Regulatory agencies to be more agency) ensure a comprehensive, fair, and transparent system of accreditation of dispassionate and professional in all non-university degree-training colleges/institutions in sync with the university conducting accreditation exercise. accreditation template. The universities should develop, maintain or review current internal quality management systems so that they make full use of the University affiliation committees to ensure competencies of stakeholders and take full responsibility for delivering comparable qualities qualifications comparable in standard to those in the main university The regulatory agency shall provide accurate, reliable and easily accessible Make info accessible to all stakeholders information on the criteria and standards for accreditation and subsequent (publications, web-postings, etc) affiliation. Universities shall also provide accurate, reliable and easily accessible information Make info accessible to all stakeholders on the criteria and procedures of external and internal quality assurance (publications, web-postings, etc) measures. PDF Compressor Pro
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
Universities shall ensure that programmes delivered in their name in affiliate Strengthen the affiliation conditions, institutions/colleges are of comparable quality with those in the university. establish effective monitoring and Commitment to this effect be made public. feedback process. Universities that are running invisible affiliations (unknown to the NUC) shall be Policy statement by government. asked to stop forthwith. Enforcement by relevant agencies Universities shall recognise that quality teaching and research is made possible Strengthen the affiliation conditions, by the quality of Academics and the quality of their working conditions that establish effective monitoring and foster independent and critical enquiry. It is therefore imperative to ensure that feedback process. academics teaching in affiliate institutions/colleges are up to the mettle. University affiliation committees to ensure comparable qualities
Universities need to ensure the transparency of the financial status of the Access to information on registration institutions and/or educational programme being affiliated charges and annual financial report of affiliate institutions. Universities should share good practices by participating in sector organizations Establishing linkages an collaborations and inter-institutional networks at national and international level. The regulatory agencies shall develop, publicise and enforce clear regulations and NNMs and such other documents need to minimum benchmarks for the provision of part-time and distance learning degree be reviewed programmes. In doing this, a balance needs to be struck between commercialization of these programmes and the attendant consequences on standards and the implications on regular degree courses offered in the universities (e.g. staff productivity etc). PDF Compressor Pro RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
The number of study centres for the Open University shall be streamlined in Government policy statement. Regulatory a o da e ith the u i e sit s staffi g situatio a d ased o the a aila le agency to ensure compliance infrastructure. There shall be a freeze on new study centre and deliberate efforts be made to upgrade the streamlined centres. (e.g. http://www8.open.ac.uk/about/main/the-ou-explained/facts-and-figures ).
ON-CAMPUS ACCOMMODATION RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN There is a very urgent need for all residential universities to have sufficient Technical committee of experts to come up with hostel fa ilities that a a at least 50% of thei stude ts populatio . I design and costing meeting this demand, A low-interest facility shall be guaranteed by Government and be made Quantum to be determined by enrolment and available to all universities to build at least 2000-rooms capacity students projections. hostel, in the first instance. CBN. Universities must do away with the policy of charging N90.00 per bed-space. Students Union shall be carried along in the This rate is not only very unrealistic but is also largely responsible for the review of cost of accommodation sorry-state of most university hostels. Universities shall be empowered to engage the services of private developers Impediments to PPP be removed. in the provision and management of hostels accommodation on a joint- Special hostel grant be allocated to all venture terms. In this regard, a decent, affordable commercial rate shall be universities for the take off of the partnership charged depending on location and market values.
iv. Beside bed-space charges, universities shall be advised to charge between Policy review. N10,000.00 – N20,000.00 as hostel maintenance fees. This fees shall be kept in dedicated hostel maintenance account and be used for routine maintenance and servicing of hostel facilities. PDF Compressor Pro RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
All abandoned hostel projects shall be taken-over by government and be Technical committee of experts to come up with completed on PPP basis. costing Depending on room size, universities shall be instructed to be allocating Room charges and available services be between 2 to 4 occupants per room. Universities with dormitories shall be adjusted commensurately. Regulatory agencies instructed to convert the dormitories in to rooms. together with students unions to ensure compliance. Universities shall be instructed to enforce the no-squatting policy in all hostels Students handbooks be updated to include the and mete appropriate sanction to violators (i.e. the squatters and their no-squatting policy hosts/hostesses) Existing university-owned hostels shall be renovated and upgraded. In doing Technical committee of experts to determine this, special attention should be given to lavatories, laundries and common the cost of renovation and upgrade. rooms. After the upgrade, the management of these hostels shall be ceded to Appropriate university organ (e.g. student private managers or to university consultancy services to be operated as both affairs) be tasked to initiate discussion with service and business. partners All laundries and common rooms that have been converted into hostel rooms Students living in such facilities be relocated shall be recovered and returned to the purposes they are intended for. Motorised boreholes shall be drilled in all halls of residence and be reticulated Technical committee of experts to determine to serve all floors of the halls. These boreholes shall be equipped with the cost of providing and motorising the overhead tanks, pumping machine and solar-powered generators to ensure boreholes their effectiveness. Sound-proof generators shall be provided for each cluster of halls to ensure Technical committee of experts to determine decent power supply at night. the cost of providing and motorising the boreholes Universities that are experimenting competition with private developers in the More competition should be introduced provision of hostel accommodation shall be encouraged to continue. PDF Compressor Pro MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE & SERVICES: Power Supply
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
Given the importance of universities to national development, government shall get the Ministry of power to be requested appropriate power agency to put all Nigerian universities on 33kVA line and be accorded to accord universities appropriate priority consideration during distribution. By so doing, universities will not only be more priority productive but also save what would have been expended on fuelling and generator maintenance. Universities shall introduce proper regulation of generator use by the members of the Appropriate university organ/unit community. This regulation shall provide guidelines on the types of generators permissible be tasked with the responsibility within the university, the areas where generators can be installed and operated, the times of proposing such guidelines when generators can be operated in those areas, and the maintenance responsibilities of the generators users. Rather than using large standby generators, universities shall be advised to use generators Universities to conduct that are sealed, sound-proof, and medium-sized distributed amongst different buildings on appropriate studies on how best shared management. For instance, all the halls in the students hostels can be grouped into to distribute standbys so as to clusters that can be powered by 100-200kVA generators, academic buildings can also be reduce cost and optimize power- grouped in similar fashion (with laboratories having separate groupings etc). hours Inverters shall be used to back-up critical ICT infrastructures, specialized Laboratory Procure inverters and batteries equipment, and to provide illumination in Libraries. All universities shall be assisted by government to deploy Solar power to provide external Technical experts to determine illuminations, street lighting, and to power (boost) water supply from the motorized cost and advise boreholes. In order to save energy and reduce waste, electricity usage manual shall be developed and A committee be tasked to come promoted amongst staff and students. Universities need to deliberately encourage and use up with proposed manual energy-saving appliances and tools (including light bulbs). PDF Compressor Pro RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
Universities shall aspire to have independent power supply. In this regards, university Appropriate university committee managers shall be advised to be making compulsory saving of between 10-20% of their put in place. Governing Councils IGR in dedicated power account to be used for independent power project. to ensure savings from IGR in dedicated power account
MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE & SERVICES: Street Lighting and Illumination
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
All universities shall be made to, as a matter of urgent priority, install street lights Procure all the materials needed to along all roads, walk- a s, a d e te io s of all uildi gs i ludi g stude ts hostels . provide adequate illumination Solar power and/or dedicated generators shall be used to power these street lights Procure solar panels and generators throughout the nights. Power intervention grant shall be made available to universities based on size, Make the grant available number of campuses, population of on-campus students, and size of IGR.
MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE & SERVICES: Road Network
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
University works departments shall be up and doing in ensuring that all existing roads Routine maintenance procedure to be are properly maintained, potholes and kerb-erosion are not allowed to deteriorate, regularly serviced and shrubs are not allowed to grow on road shoulders. All roads that have deteriorated as a result of erosion, age, misuse, or poor Technical Committee of Experts set up maintenance should be rehabilitated. This rehabilitation shall include the provision of by Government drainages that are invisible and underground (covered with kerbs and ventilators) and routinely maintained and flushed. PDF Compressor Pro RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
All new roads shall be asphalted or interlocked and adorned with kerbs, street University Procurement Committee, tenders lights and side-trees (including hedges and flowers). board and works department to update requirements in subsequent road projects
Pedestrian walk-ways shall be fully interlocked or surface-dressed and/or University Procurement Committee, tenders beautifully roofed, to connect adjoining buildings in all campuses. board and works department to update requirements in subsequent road projects
All existing laterite-filled roads in Nigerian universities shall be surface-dressed Technical Committee of experts to determine and/or asphalted. cost implication
MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE & SERVICES: Water Supply
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
Universities need to be creative and proactive in addressing water Works departments of universities to consider shortages. In particular, universities need to group all existing buildings into clustering and segmentation of water clusters of contiguous block and provide each cluster with its independent reticulation motorised borehole that supplies the buildings in that cluster through a restricted reticulation. All new building projects shall provide for water supply through borehole University Procurement Committee, tenders (subject to availability of water table) and power supply through sound- board and works department to update proofed generators. requirements in subsequent road projects “tude ts hostels shall ha e sepa ate oto ised o eholes ith dedi ated Works departments of universities to consider generators and efficient operators to ensure steady and uninterrupted clustering and segmentation of water water supply. reticulation PDF Compressor Pro
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN The university reticulation and other water infrastructure shall be Works and/or maintenance departments to deploy periodically serviced to ensure that blockades, breakages and/or other maintenance schedules as at when due. Supervision malfunctions are identified and rectified with dispatch. and reporting system be improved Universities shall take advantage of municipal water supplies, whenever Connect to municipal water supply available to support its boreholes.
Large water reservoirs (surface and overheads) shall be provided in every Technical Committee of experts to determine cost hall of eside e to ease the ate sho tages i stude ts hostels. implication
In order to reduce waste and control overflows, universities shall promote Bulk procurement and fixing of sensor-taps the use of sensor-taps in hostels, homes and other university buildings (especially in lavatories, laundries, bathrooms and kitchens). Universities shall devise some means of recycling used water for the Adopt existing models of water harvesting and purpose of watering plants and creating green areas. recycling or design a new one
MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE & SERVICES: General Landscaping
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN Government shall encourage regulators of standards in the university Review accreditation process system to allocate some points (rewards) for good landscaping as part of accreditation process. University stabilization fund shall be used to support universities that are Allocate based on nature of threat and damages being threatened by erosion or by desertification. caused PDF Compressor Pro RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN Parks and gardens shall be established in all universities with green Physical planning departments to design parks and areas that are properly landscaped and regularly maintained. maintain them Parks and gardens managers must be made to brace up for the Setting targets and proper supervision and reporting challenges of creating green areas and providing ornamental plants in our university campuses. All Parking Spaces shall be made some safe distance away from Physical planning departments to design parking spaces lecture/laboratory facilities. They should be fully commercial and fully and maintain them secured. Vehicular access beyond parking lots should be restricted.
Walk-ways shall be fully interlocked or surface-dressed and/or Physical planning departments to design and maintain beautifully roofed to connect all adjoining buildings. them
MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE & SERVICES: General Landscaping RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN All university health centres shall be upgraded to the level of primary Government policy review (NHIS). Costing of upgrades healthcare provider registered with appropriate HMO. Such upgrade and provision of new facilities to be made committee of shall include, but not limited to, renovation of existing structures, experts. Funds to be provided by Government. constructing new ones, re-equipping the clinics and recruiting relevant and competent health personnel.
Pharmaceutical services shall be provided in the universities on Can be operated as part of university investment or as commercial basis, guided by extant regulations and manned by fully privatized venture qualified pharmacists.
University maintenance units (or sanitation units) must be made to Duty schedules and rosters be put in place and do their work properly. Refuse collection and refuse disposal must be supervised. Truant staff be disciplined appropriately done on daily basis to avoid refuse glut. Cleaners and labourers must be effectively supervised to ensure clean and hygienic environment. PDF Compressor Pro RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN Refuse disposal trucks shall be purchased for all universities. Government to provide funds There shall be properly reticulated underground sewage disposal system Works department to coordinate in the universities. All mosquito breeding places should be routinely fumigated Procure sufficient fumigants. Sanitation Units ensures fumigation
MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE & SERVICES: Staff Club
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN Staff clubs shall have attractive facilities to draw staff to cool off after a hectic day. They should have kitchen facilities and services, bars and pools, and such other entertainments. Existing staff clubs shall be renovated while universities without one Can be operated as part of university investment or shall be encouraged to construct one using public-private partnership as fully privatized venture (PPP).
MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE & SERVICES: Gymnasia
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN All inoperable equipment in the gymnasia shall be repaired and/or Technical Committee to determine costing. Funding to replaced. Other equipment that are needed in the gyms but not be provided by government available shall be procured.
Universities without gymnasium shall be encouraged to build one that Technical Committee to determine costing. Funding to is fully equipped, properly managed, regularly maintained and be provided by government commercially operated. Or get private developers to build one on PPP terms. PDF Compressor Pro MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE & SERVICES: Sporting Facilities
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN All universities without sporting facilities shall be supported to acquire Costing to be done by technical committee, funds these facilities because of their importance to the wellbeing of students to be provided by government and staff. Courts and pitches shall be renovated and standardised. Universities with Costing to be done by technical committee, funds inadequate sporting facilities shall be supported to have more. to be provided by government
Universities without facilities for indoor games shall be supported to Costing to be done by technical committee, funds acquire these facilities. to be provided by government
As part of maintenance of sporting infrastructure, universities shall ensure University sports directorate to ensure utilization regular use of these facilities by both staff and students. In this regards, periodic competition shall be conducted to keep the pitches and courts alive.
MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE & SERVICES: Stude ts’ Ce tre
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN “tude ts e t es shall e e o ated a d upg aded i all u i e sities. Costing and valuation. Sponsorship. Universities shall be encouraged to assist students in sourcing for funding assistance (from private sector) towards servicing and maintaining stude ts e t e fa ilities.
Advertising companies may be contacted to negotiate some promotion SUGs an Students affairs divisions to coordinate this ag ee e t et ee stude ts e t e a age s a d so e fi s o maintenance and service provision at the centre. PDF Compressor Pro MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE & SERVICES: Campus Markets
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN All campus markets shall be standardised. Universities should either get University consultancy services or investment private developers to construct standard malls with variety of shops, companies to commence standardization including grocers, travel agencies, souvenir stores, business centres and process. boutiques etc, leased on PPP basis or develop a prototype shop and instruct all operators of businesses in the university to build the similar structure. All the shacks in the university markets shall be removed. Works department (university market management etc) to relocate shacks . Cafeterias and restaurants serving the diverse appetite of an international University consultancy services or investment community shall be fully commercial or part-owned by the varsity companies to negotiate with restaurateurs. Campus markets shall have managers with standard operating Develop the operating procedures and rule and procedures and documented regulations and registration for businesses. regulations
MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE & SERVICES: Security
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN More security personnel shall be hired by universities and periodic Proper screening, need-based recruitment training be conducted to make them more effective.
University stabilization fund shall be used to support large universities so Cost estimation. Releasing funds that they can wall-fence their campuses to reduce security challenges. Proper equipment and tools needed to provide effective security services Bulk procurement of general security and shall be purchased for all universities. surveillance equipment PDF Compressor Pro FUNDING
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
The funding of any university shall remain, primarily, the responsibility of the proprietors of the university. University managers need to be creative in diversifying sources of revenue to the institutions: establishing viable commercial ventures, marketing their consultancy services, commercialization of accommodation, charging competitive fees for postgraduate studies, converting innovations into commercial products, pursuing endowments and bequeaths etc.
Capital allocations to universities need to be released in full. The non-release of capital grant contributea lot in thebuild up of abandoned projects as well as having inadequate facilities.
Universities where proprietor failed to allocate and release at least N50,000.00 per student per annum as capital grant shall get their licence withdrawnby the regulatory agencies. Recurrent allocations to universities need to be beefed up to allow Varsities to recruit more teaching staff. This is not without prejudice to the recommendations on general staff auditing and transfer of non-teaching staff to mainstream civil service.
University managers need to be deploying the U i e sit s IGR properly. Considering the percentage IGR in relation to TETFund subventions, IGR projects shall be seen to be competing favourably with TETFund projects in many universities. But this is not the case. Accounting procedures of the universities shall be reviewed to ensure that Total Income (including IGR) and Total Expenditure are reported to Council PDF Compressor Pro STAFF AND STUDENTS’ UNIONS RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
University-based Unions/associations shall, at all times, be implored to explore dialogue and diplomatic avenues in pressing for their demands. Governing councils and management of universities shall, at all times, provide the avenues and create the conditions that would make dialogue with unions possible and successful.
Unions/associations that declare industrial action must outline the dos and don’ts of such action. For instance, no staff should take away the keys of any building(s) away, disrupt the work of others (whether they belong to the same union/association or not) etc.
University managers shall be bold enough to ensure that (whenever necessary) industrial action is restricted to withdrawal of service/labour alone. As much as possible, university managers shall continue to reach out to staff unions/associations with a view to sustaining and/or establishing cordial working relations with them for the collective good of all stakeholders of the institutions.
University managers shall, at all times, respect the spirit and letter of the terms and conditions of service of all cadres of staff, including the prompt payment of staff entitlements and other remunerations. This would not only minimize industrial friction but also serve as motivation to staff in the institutions. Visitors to State universities shall be consulting the university laws and avoid breach of statutes. This is one of the common causes of industrial dispute and is easily avoidable.
All unions/associations shall make available to their members and the university community their code of ethics and disciplinary procedures. University managers, proprietors and other stakeholders (including unions/associations) shall always be proactive in nipping issue(s) that can cause industrial disharmony in the bud before they grow out of proportion. PDF Compressor Pro
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
“tude ts Union shall be in place in all universities. The guidelines governing the conduct of union Governing Councils elections and their constitutions of the associations need to be reviewed and harmonized not only to ensure consistency with university rules and regulations but also to ensure transparency, prudence, discipline and competence in the administration of these unions/associations/clubs/societies. U i e sities shall put i pla e effe ti e e ha is to egulate e te al soli itatio s stude ts asso iatio s. These heap esou es that the a e e ei i g f o i di iduals/o ga izatio s e te al to the u i e sit has o e o e a ajo sou e of att a tio to o ga ized stude ts u io is a d o e of the ai auses of ises a d dig essio s i the stude ts o e e ts.
“tude ts Affairs divisions of all universities shall strengthen the registration procedures of clubs/associations/clubs/societies with a view to ensuring accountability.
“tude ts Affairs divisions in all universities shall be made to set up a benchmark of useful activities that every association must organize for its constituents per session as pre-condition for renewal of registration. Where student associations are found to be complicit in organizing wanton destruction of university property, disciplinary process must be put in place to ensure that all perpetrators are brought to book. In addition, such associations shall be de-registered and banned from the university. Certain level of academic performance shall be pegged as the minimum requirement to qualify any student to hold a position in any association in the university. This will go a long way in ensuring competence and confidence among stude ts leaders.
U i e sities shall p o ide de e t offi e a o odatio to house the e t al stude ts od . Management PDF Compressor Pro
MISCELLANEOUS RECOMMENDATIONS
RECOMMENDATIONS ACTION TO BE TAKEN
A technical committee of experts shall be set up to evaluate the financial implications of remedying the identified deficiencies in physical facilities and learning resources with a view to ensuring that resources are effectively and urgently deployed to addresstheissues. Universities where proprietor failed to allocate and release at least N50,000.00 per student per annum as capital grant shall get their licence withdrawn by the regulatory agencies.
In order to manage the delivery of education services effectively and ensure quality supervision and efficient performance, it is recommended that the Federal Ministry of Education be split into two independent ministries with delineated responsibilities: Ministry of Higher Education and Manpower Development; and Ministry of Education. This recommendation is premised on the fact that: a. The Federal Ministry of Education, as presently constituted, is very big and unwieldy which makes quality assurance, supervision and policy formulation difficult. b. The Ministry has 27 parastatals, each of which is as big as some ministries in the country c. One of the parastatals, the NUC, has over 100 universities to superintend over. d. Some of the universities (e.g. ABU, UNN, UI etc) are much bigger than some Federal ministries both in complexities and responsibilities. e. Many countries with efficient educational system have adopted the two-tier ministries for education (e.g. UK, Ghana, Pakistan, Malaysia, Canada etc) f. Government, in the past, had cause to split some ministries for the purpose of improving their effectiveness (e.g. Agriculture & Water Resources; Transport & Aviation; Works, Housing & Environment; Power & Solid Minerals) PDF Compressor Pro
We hope the results of this exercise will contribute in the rejuvenation of the Nigerian University System and repositioning the System for International competitiveness and national development.
THANK YOU