CROP SEASON S

CE8603 – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING/V.PRIYA/AP/CIVIL TYPES OF SEASONS

I. The cold weather season (Winter) II. The hot weather season (Summer) III. Advancing (Rainy season) IV. Retreating monsoon

CE8603 – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING/V.PRIYA/AP/CIVIL WINTER

The Cold Weather Season

 The cold weather season begins from mid – November in northern and stays till February. December and January are the coldest months in the northern part of India.  This season is important for Rabi crops.  The weather is normally marked by clear skies, low temperatures and low humidity and feeble variable winds.

CE8603 – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING/V.PRIYA/AP/CIVIL RABI CROPS The winter Crops

Rabi Crops :- o Rabi crops or Rabi harvest are agricultural crop sown in winter and harvested in the spring . o Rabi crops are sown in around mid-November, after the monsoon rains are over, and harvesting begins inApril/May. o A good rain in winter spoils the rabi crops but is goodfor kharif crops. o The major rabi crop in India is wheat.

CE8603 – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING/V.PRIYA/AP/CIVIL RABI CROPS

CE8603 – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING/V.PRIYA/AP/CIVIL SUMMER The Hot Weather Season

 Summer is the hottest of the four temperate seasons.

 Summer generally starts from the month of March and continues up to May.

 The date of the beginning of summer varies according toclimate, tradition and culture.

 When it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere, it is winter in the Southern Hemisphere, and vice versa.

CE8603 – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING/V.PRIYA/AP/CIVIL CE8603 – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING/V.PRIYA/AP/CIVIL CE8603 – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING/V.PRIYA/AP/CIVIL CE8603 – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING/V.PRIYA/AP/CIVIL KHARIF CROPS

Kharif Crops :-  These crops are grown with the onset of monsoon and harvested in September-October.  Important crops grown during this season are rice (paddy), maize, jowar, bajra, tur (arhar), moong, urad, cotton, jute, groundnut and soyabean.  Some of the most important kharif regions are Assam, West , coastal regions of Orissa, the Konkan coast, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.

CE8603 – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING/V.PRIYA/AP/CIVIL KHARIF CROPS

RICE MILLETS

MAIZE CE8603 – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING/V.PRIYA/AP/CIVIL ZAID CROPS

Zaid Crops :-  In between the rabi and the kharif seasons, there is a short season during the summer months known as the Zaid season.  Zaid crops are grown mainly from March to June

 Some of the crops produced during ‘zaid’ are watermelon, muskmelon, cucumber, vegetables and fodder crops and Sugarcane.

CE8603 – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING/V.PRIYA/AP/CIVIL ZAID CROPS

BITTER GOURD

WATERMELON CUCUMBER

CE8603 – IRRIGATIONMUSK ENGINEERING/V.PRIYA/AP/CIVILMELON MAPS OF ZAID AND KHARIF CROPS

CE8603 – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING/V.PRIYA/AP/CIVIL Mango Showers

Mango showers, or 'mango rains', is a colloquial term to describe the occurrence of pre-monsoon rainfall. Sometimes these rains are referred to generically as 'April rains' or 'Summer showers'. They are notable across much of South and , including India, and Cambodia.

CE8603 – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING/V.PRIYA/AP/CIVIL LOO

The Loo is a strong, hot and dry summer wind from the west which blows over the western Indo- Gangetic Plain region of North India and Pakistan. It is especially strong in the months of May and June. Due to its very high temperatures (45 °C–50 °C or 115°F–120°F), exposure to it often leads to fatal. Since it causes extremely low humidity and high temperatures, the Loo also has a severe drying effect on vegetation leading to widespread browning in the areas affected by it during the months of May and June.

CE8603 – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING/V.PRIYA/AP/CIVIL PROTECTION FROM LOO

CE8603 – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING/V.PRIYA/AP/CIVIL PATH OF LOO

CE8603 – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING/V.PRIYA/AP/CIVIL