but, if so, it was not adequate. My staff and I took over a paper that was publishing twice a week, typically in a four-page for­ mat but sometimes with a two-pager, and within a relatively short period of time had LETTERS the paper up to two 8-page editions a week, with an occasional 12-page edition. There 10 THE was no money for this sort of editorial ex­ cess and by the end of the first semester of my editorship we had an enormous deficit of (1 believe) over $30,000, which nearly cost me my job. Determined to stanch the red ink, I ap­ proached one of the business professors Editor and asked him to recommend a good mar­ keting person to become business manager of the paper. The individual I approached The Review welcomes lettersfrom readers said he would take the job under one con­ The way we were in '72: Campus Times and will print as many ofthem as space dition - that he got a parking spot on cam­ yearbook photo permits. Letters may be edited for brevity pus. I can't remember any more how I and clarity. Unsigned letters cannot be used, wangled it, but he ended up with a parking know about writing/editing I learned at but names ofthe writers may be withheld spot right in front of the newspaper office the feet of Nora North (editor, 1948) and on request. in Todd Union, and went to work with a Pat Steepee (editor, 1947). fury. In no time we were operating in the Anne Houlihan Keefe '46, quoted in your black, and by the end of my year as editor article, is right on target when she says, "If Still Pushing Deadlines we had generated enough profit to put the you know something about editing and can newspaper in the black cumulatively for write, you'll always make a buck." I've been my term. It just goes to show the power of testing this theory since the day I left Roch­ the free enterprise system. ester and, one way or the other, it's worked This was the age of Mario Savio and the for me. At the moment, I'm in charge of Peoples Park in Berkeley, and Rochester got communications for thrift marketing prod­ by with some pretty mild and pale deriva­ ucts and employee benefits at Bankers tives of the experience on less-sheltered Trust Company in New York. campuses. It always seemed to me that we One of the more amusing stories that were fairly tame in what we did on the CT, occurred during the year I edited the Tower but that never stopped me from being one Times at the women's campus made news of the least popular people on campus. on both sides of the River on April Fool's Years later when I came back to the cam­ Day 1949. To commemorate the day, Tower The way we were in '66: Campus Times pus at the University's request, I had a chat Times had decided to print a take-off on yearbook photo with Dean Kenneth Clark of the College of the Campus, then the River Campus news­ Arts and Science. He told me that the ad­ paper. On the morning of the first, I ar­ In the last issue's cover story on the ministration hated me more than any stu­ rived at the women's campus to find that Campus Times, we asked CT alumni to dent when 1 was there, but didn't appreciate the entire Tower Times press run had been share with us tales from their lives as stu­ just how reasonable 1 was until after 1 had captured by marauders from the Campus, dent journalists and how the experience gone and they had to deal with my succes­ who had arranged to have the papers em­ helped them in getting where they are sors. blazoned across the front page with four today. Following are some ofthe The truth is that 1 enjoyed it so much memorable words: "So Who's Laughing responses- Editor. that a career in journalism became a serious Now?" Who, indeed? The story made it to consideration, but being unable to figure the Democrat & Chronicle, the Campus What a treat to read a feature article on out how to make it pay, I ultimately went got the last laugh, and the Tower Times, the Campus Times, which was such an im­ off to a business degree and a career in in­ April 1, 1949, issue, became a collector's portant part of my formative experience at vestment banking. However, the experience item. the University. While it seems to have gone at the Campus Times was something I Joyce Gitelman Barrow '49 through many cycles since those days (up wouldn't trade for anything. I certainly am New York to a daily and regrettably down to a week­ delighted to see it still fulfills the same ly), and Fred, the master typesetter no function for a new generation of students. You ask for "tales to share" from Cam­ longer operates the linotype machine, it Christian Y. Wyser-Pratte '65 pus Times alumni. I don't have a story per still seems from reading your article that New York se. But the CT- not my formal education the process is much the same, and that's a at Rochester-got me started in my present good thing. Anyone who ever worked on I enjoyed working on the Tower Times career as a writer, teacher, consultant, and the paper consistently for four undergrad­ [women's college predecessor to the com­ author. I have written and published 17 uate years viewed it as a labor of love and bined Campus Times] more than anything books, with book No. 18 under contract an obsession. else I did at the University (with one pos­ and in progress. Titles include Secrets ofa I read with some interest that the Stu­ sible exception - the time I choreographed Freelance Writer (Dodd, Mead), Creative dents' Association subsidizes the newspaper. the Quilting Club show). Everything I I can't recall if that was the case in my day (continued on page 46) University of Rochester Spring 1989

Review

Departments Features

From the President 2 Time Machine 3 Rochester in Review 28 by Thomas Fitzpatrick Rochester Travelers 37 A machine developed for pure research Alumni Gazette 38 has turned out to have a surprising capability. Alumni Milestones 42 After/Words 48 Leslie Dunner '78: "Conductor Con Brio" Committed to Memory 8 by Denise Bolger Kovnat Rochester Review Editor: Margaret Bond Memory is about as reliable as a 5 o'clock Assistant editor: Denise Bolger Kovnat flight out of O'Hare on a Friday night - we Staff writer: Shinji Morokuma Design manager: Stephen Reynolds make the connection somehow but with Graphic artist: Susan Gottfried something less than precision. Staff photographer: James Montanus Copy editor: Joyce Farrell Editorial assistant: Tim Fox Design: Robert Meyer Design, Inc. Editorial office, 108 Administration Light from the Attic 14 Building, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, (716) 275-4117. by Judith Reynolds

Published quarterly for alumni, students, Artist-photographer Carl Chiarenza: their parents, and other friends of the Uni­ He finds the creative process so mysterious versity, Rochester Review is produced by that he sometimes finishes a picture and the Office of University Public Relations, Robert Kraus, director. looks at it wondering who made it.

Opinions expressed are those of the authors, the editors, or their subjects and do not necessarily represent official posi­ tions of the University of Rochester. Legal Eagle 20 by Jeremy Schlosberg Postmaster: Send address changes to Rochester Review, How Alan Darnell '68 got from 108 Administration Building, University of playground loser to courtroom winner. Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627.

Cover: Design, Susan Gottfried; photography, James Montanus.

Beep 24 by Shinji Morokuma PhoneMail: The newest on-campus entertainment phenom. UNIVERSITY OF ~QmJ.' .

From the

Drugs on Campus Where are the intellectuals on drugs? which the pain of being a self can be Not to be seen. Colleges and universi­ lost. And being a self is painful. Freud The first disciplinary action I ever ties surely fall under Rosenthal's criti­ also said: "Life is too hard for us." took as dean of men at Middlebury cism. What have academic leaders said But he still thought it better to know College was to suspend a junior stu­ on this issue? Scarred by enforcing too life in full consciousness than to fly to dent (male) for being on the wrong many foolish curfews, we seem to have drugs, delusion, or dementia. (female) side of the street after curfew. lost the zeal for moral condemnation. The morality of university life is That was in 1964, i.e., sometime in On a wide range of moral issues, categorically opposed to the meaning the mythical past. Today, on college colleges should probably follow the of drugs. For that reason there is no campuses there doesn't appear to be cue of prevailing social wisdom. I excuse for their presence on our cam­ a wrong side of anything. The only doubt that academic heads are that puses. They should be as clearly con­ thing the dean suspends today is ethi­ much wiser on the tangle of ethical demned as plagiarism: a special viola­ cal judgment. dilemmas that concern the general tion of academic ethics. It was high-handed enough to sus­ public. College presidents are not ex­ The college case against drugs is pend a student for geographic vagran­ perts in condemning venality and lust. clear enough with hard drugs: heroin, cy, but I recall a faculty meeting at But drugs are different. cocaine, LSD. Those drugs are power­ Princeton in the late '50s where a stu­ In addition to general community ful ego destroyers. What about the dent was disciplined for what was deli­ morals, the academic world has some "soft" drugs: marijuana and alcohol? cately referred to as "the rule regarding special inner moral imperatives. Pla­ Here the case is more complex. It is women in the dormitories." The rule giarism is an academic sin and one not so much the sure and direct effect no doubt covered a multitude of scar­ which will bring suspension to student of the drug itself as it is the culture let offenses, but in this instance the and faculty alike. Plagiarism attacks of use. Unhappily, in much of "youth woman in question was the chap's the inherent meaning of the academy culture" the soft drugs all too often mother who was visiting after 10:30. as the temple of truth and verification. exist in an expectation of intoxication. That seemed a bit much - but colleges Drugs do the same. One intends to get stoned or smashed. did have rules then. Freud said, "where id is ego shall The intent of intoxication -losing one's I am delighted that we have given up be." That is also the slogan of univer­ mind - is hardly an activity to be con­ being all-purpose nannies to the young sity life. Our fundamental purpose is doned in institutions whose sole pur­ adults on our campuses. Life is too var­ to bring the light of consciousness to pose is the cultivation of same. ious and mores may be too problemat­ the dark places of the world, the mind, To say that universities should cate­ ic to pretend to enforced virtue from and life itself. Drugs say the opposite: gorically condemn drugs and the in­ dawn to dusk. Except for drugs. "Where ego is there id shall be." Drugs tent of intoxication, does not dictate I am moved to that exception by work to overcome the centered life of any specific set of disciplinary actions. A. M. Rosenthal's anguished column ego and self-consciousness. Drugs cre­ We even try to rehabilitate plagiarists. in the Times about the position of in­ ate overwhelmingness; they flood the But we should be clear that if plagia­ tellectuals on the drug issue (The New psyche with dazzling sensation in rism trashes knowledge, drugs trash York Times, February 3, 1989). As he the knower. Drugs, their users, and notes, intellectuals have a number of especially their dealers do not belong up-front causes: abortion rights, gay within the ambience of academic toler­ liberation, environmental causes, etc. ance.

Dennis O'Brien

2 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

MA c H I N E Harry Gove's tandem accelerator, originally developed for pure research into nuclear physics, has led him into some very strange places indeed­ including a lO-year entanglement with the Shroud of Turin.

By Thomas Fitzpatrick Working with other physicists un­ der a grant from the National Science Harry Gove's time machine sits Foundation, Gove originally developed gleaming in its metallic skin on a floor the accelerator to add speed and preci­ of the Nuclear Structure Research Lab­ Counting sion to "pure," fundamental research oratory surrounded by pipes and valves, carbon-14 atoms to into nuclear physics and such. But, electrical conduits and connections, when used for carbon dating in its gauges and meters - the last with those determine the age of AMS mode-AMS for "accelerator whipsawing red needles that sweep mass spectrometry" - the machine has back and forth whenever Gove or one various artifacts is one of proved itself so versatile in its decade of his colleagues presses a button or the jobs of this gleaming of existence that geologists, archaeol­ flicks a switch that sends this tandem ogists, climatologists, and a host of accelerator about its latest task. hulk, and it goes about it others have lined up to submit samples Counting carbon-14 atoms to deter­ with such swiftness and from their work to its analysis. mine the age of various samples and As a result, a device meant for pure artifacts is one of the functions of this pinpoint accuracy that research has become the subject of gleaming hulk, and it goes about the cover articles in the popular scientific job with such swiftness and pinpoint science itself has moved press. Magazines like Discover and accuracy that science itself has moved into a higher gear. Science have featured the discoveries into a higher gear. the accelerator has made possible, as have the science sections of The New York Times and the Washington Post.

3 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

Gove and his accelerator, which has proved itself so versatile that geologists, archaeologists, climatologists, and a host of others have lined up to submit samples for its analysis. And it completes the task in seconds.

But most extraordinarily, the tandem the president of General Ionex Corpo­ Now, "revolutionary" is a word cas-u­ accelerator may well be the only in­ ration, Gove and his colleagues found ally tossed around to describe even the strument of nuclear physics in history themselves wondering if the tandem most minute advance in knowledge, but to become the object of intense fasci­ accelerator couldn't be used to date in this case it was appropriate. nation in diocesan newspapers and materials based on their carbon-14 Carbon dating has been around for worried accounts in parish newsletters. content. decades, following discoveries in the That, of course, was the result of Back at Rochester's NSR Lab on mid-1940s that the age of things could Gove's and his machine's involvement East River Road, Gove and his associ­ be determined by paying attention to in the affair of the Shroud of Turin. ates resolved to try it, using for their two kinds of carbon elements plants Or perhaps, in Conan Doyle style, it first test a piece of ordinary barbecue and animals absorb during life. The should be called "The Adventure of charcoal from a grocery store. The ac­ first of these, carbon-12, is the ordi­ the Burial Cloth," for it certainly has celerator went to work with its 12 mil­ nary stuff creatures take in and metab­ been that for Gove and the Universi­ lion volts, stripping electrons, isolating olize during life on earth. The other, ty's NSR Lab ever since the physics and toting up the carbon, making the carbon-14, is radioactive, coming from professor (and founding director of element's peak show up on the oscil­ the collision with nitrogen atoms of the lab, a position from which he very loscope, as Gove put it, "like a sore particles of matter that bombard our recently retired) got the idea of putting thumb." Much joy erupted, and scien­ atmosphere from outer space. one of the most venerated and contro­ tific objectivity could hardly keep feet As long as a plant or animal re­ versial relics of the Roman Catholic from dancing - and with good reason. mains alive it assimilates both normal Church to the test of a new-found This test, and others that would follow and radioactive carbon in a ratio of capability of the nuclear accelerator. at Rochester in the months ahead, about one trillion to one. With death, Sitting around after sessions of a showed with certainty that they had the assimilation stops and the ingested 1977 scientific conference, shoptalking achieved a revolutionary breakthrough carbon-14 continues to decay without and sipping wine with a fellow scien­ in carbon dating. replenishment: Start with 100 milli­ tist from the University of Toronto and grams of carbon-14 and after 5,730

4 Rochester Review/Spring 1989 years you've got 50 left; another one Antarctica- and still have time left of those five thousand year-plus spans over to run through a few polar ice leaves 25; and so on. Measure the radi­ cores. All of which the Rochester ac­ oactive decay and determine the age of celerator did in the late '70s. This ac­ anything, from a Tintoretto to a Stone tivity attracted national press atten­ Age skeleton. However, dating methods tion, and with it came contacts from pre-AMS had two distinct drawbacks. groups like the Shroud of Turin Re­ Unable to distinguish between carbon­ search Project. 14 and other radioactive substances "Not a religious person," Gove had that might "contaminate" the sample, frankly never heard of the shroud, pur­ they were limited in the maximum age ported to carry the image of a crucified they could date with any certainty. man and believed by many to be the Worse was their unhealthy appetite for burial cloth of Christ. Rarely shown to the object to be dated - a museum puz­ the public since its mysterious appear­ zled over whether it possessed a mod­ ance in mid-14th century France, the ern fake or an authentic 17th-century shroud was on temporary display in Georges de la Tour could find out, but Turin, Italy, to commemorate the only at the expense of reducing much 400th anniversary of its acquisition by of the painting to a cloud of gas. the cathedral there. At the conclusion The nuclear accelerator changed all of the event a group of scientists, in­ of that. It could not be fooled by con- cluding experts in X-ray radiography, optical microscopy, and a variety of other analyses, were to be given a few days to subject the single piece of linen, 14 feet long by 3 Y2 feet wide, to a bat­ tery of tests and experiments to try to realized determine its authenticity. He His interest piqued, Gove traveled to that back in Rochester Turin, witnessed and was impressed by the piety of the throngs (more than he had the means of three million) who filed into the Cathe­ determining once and for dral of St. John the Baptist to view the relic. He stayed for the meeting of sci­ all whether the burial cloth entists, realizing that back in Roches­ ter he had the means of determining, could possibly be 2,000 once and for all, whether the burial years old. cloth could possibly be 2,000 years old. The church had always been reluc­ tant to put the shroud to a carbon­ taminants: Avoiding radioactive decay dating test, mainly because of the dam­ altogether, it focused its particle beam age to the relic that would result - it directly at the carbon-14 elements and had no wish to dissect only to destroy. counted them. The new accelerator The nuclear accelerator, however, required only 1/1000 of the material needed but a few threads for a sample, needed by conventional methods - or and Gove startled both the scientific just a few thousandths of a gram (place and religious worlds with this propos­ the sample speck on your pinkie nail al: Six labs which now possessed AMS and you'd hardly notice it was there). capability could date the shroud and And its speed of measurement was as­ compare results using but a minute tounding. Once the sample was pre­ quantity of the cloth, a piece only two pared, the accelerator could complete inches by a half-inch would be enough its assignment in seconds. for all six. If it has taken the reader five minutes Gove's proposal met not with im­ The famous shroud. The faint image of the man to get so far in this article, be ashamed mediate acceptance but with nearly a (usually shown computer enhanced) is flanked of your foot-dragging. In that time, decade of delay, as private and some­ by scorch marks and water stains from a 16th­ AMS could date: a baby woolly mam­ times secret negotiations took place in century fire. One mystery remains: How did the moth found in a Siberian tundra, seeds church circles and behind closed Vati­ image get there? of maize and squash dug up from the can doors. Closed to Gove, that is, and site of an Indian village in west-central other similarly interested scientists. Illinois, meteorites shipped in from

5 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

"The gulf between religion and science of his flock. They had a proprietary in­ ignored both Rochester and Brook­ can be incredible," he said a couple of terest in what was done with their haven in selecting Arizona, Zurich, years ago, when a decision about dat­ world-famous relic. Gove thinks that and Oxford as the three labs that ing the shroud seemed to be protracted Turin was "fearful of a Rome takeover would do the test. So, the man who beyond all patience. "I don't get to talk of the shroud" and was determined to not only developed the accelerator with cardinals. Or rather they don't protect its interest. The pope in dealing technology but also first proposed that talk to me." with matters sub specie aeternitatis it be used to date the shroud was left Politics in the scientific world can be must be attentive to what the archbish­ in the vestibule. As it turned out, Gove difficult enough, with laboratories, uni­ op of Turin wants, and once that prel­ was invited to observe Arizona's test, versities, and the rest maneuvering for ate turned adamantine, it was upon and after what he calls" 10 years of grants, projects, and prestige; Gove this rock that Gove's quest foundered. tears and joy" Tucson's version of knows that world, and accepts these The archbishop did an end run Gove's accelerator was cranked up and things as part of the game. But all the around the Pontifical Academy of Sci­ delivered its finding in less than a min­ scientific stratagems in the world do ence, the organization set up by the ute: The cloth of the shroud is not not hold a votive candle to Vatican Vatican to help it deal with scientific­ 2,000 years old, but dates from the year politics. The popular notion that mat­ religious issues, and announced that 1350 - give or take 80 years. Luckily ters wind their way through the Vati­ for the sanity of all concerned, the can maze propelled by the arch of an three labs came up with virtually the episcopal eyebrow, a waggle of a bish­ same result. op's hand, the telltale rustle of a sou­ "No more relics," Gove swears today, tane, or a whisper in a Curial ear has pointedly not on a stack of Bibles. "It some truth to it: Gove is not the first tandem was a nifty scientific adventure, and American bemused by the process. Ie great publicity for the lab, but I would The larger truth is that the church, in accelerator may well be never touch something like this again. its temporal role, is a huge political and There's too much bickering and non­ economic organization with competing the only instrument of scientific nonsense involved." He la­ and often conflicting constituencies, in nuclear physics in history ments the "language barrier between matters both of faith and turf. scientists and clergy." "That bothered The church's position with regard to become the object of me the most," he says, "especially to the shroud has always been one of when the Pontifical Academy of Sci­ diplomatic skepticism, accepting the intense fascination in ence, set up to bridge the gap between shroud as a means to devotion, with­ diocesan newspapers. religion and science, was bypassed. out any commitment as to whether When it came down to it, Turin got the it actually is the cloth that wrapped last say." Christ's body in Joseph of Arimathea's "I suppose I could have been more tomb. No matter which way the carbon his own scientific adviser (whom Gove diplomatic in my own responses, and dating went, the church would have a blasted in the press as "a professor of perhaps that would have given us the problem on its hands. Since Luther, metrology, whatever that is, at Turin opportunity to close out the 10 years the church has been sensitive to out­ Polytechnic ... a man nobody ever of involvement by doing the test here side rumblings about idolatry, because heard of") would choose only three in Rochester," he says. But a look at so-called "miraculous" items -like labs, instead of the proposed six or Gove's life makes one doubt that any­ Veronica's veil, the centurion's lance, seven, to perform the test. Gove and thing short of outspoken integrity is pieces of the True Cross peddled on Garman Harbottle, his counterpart at really an option for him. the streets of Rome, and even images the Brookhaven National Laboratory, After Rochester's race riots of the of the Virgin spotted in a firewood were vocal in their objections. As Gove mid '60s prompted the formation of yard in Barrett Station, Texas - tend to observes, the larger number of labs the seminal civil-rights organization slip over into becoming objects of ven­ was necessary to get "a statistical hedge FIGHT, which began pressing for eration themselves. On the other hand, against mistakes." He explains: "A equal opportunity in Monroe County, it has no wish to undermine the spiritu­ number of things can happen in the white progressives joined together allives of the thousands who, as Gove preparation of the specimen, and tech­ in a sister group called "Friends of discovered during his involvement with nical things can go wrong in the run­ FIGHT." Gove took a leading role and the shroud, "have buttressed their faith, ning of the test. If five out of six labs headed the organization for a time, or even been converted by contact with reported the same date, then a different expanding its focus to include just the burial cloth - it touches deep emo­ result by the last could be dismissed as about every liberal cause that was in tions. " anomalous. If one out of three tests the air throughout the '70s. The big­ Of most immediate concern to the goes wrong, it obviates the other two, gest victory for Gove's group was its Vatican was dealing with the archbish­ making all the tests irrelevant." success in persuading the largest gro­ op of Turin himself and the concerns No doubt nettled by Gove's and cery retailer in the area to remove Cali­ Harbottle's complaints about broken fornia table grapes from its bins - this promises and intrigue, Turin's adviser

6 Rochester Review/Spring 1989 in response to the call of the United Farm Workers' Caesar Chavez for a nationwide grape boycott. Gove retired from the political fray later in the decade, citing the chronic ailment of thoroughly committed so­ cial activists - "burnout." But 1989 finds him back in the public forum, this time having to part company with many of his old friends and compa­ triots. His old organization is now known as Metro-Act, and has pushed an anti-nuke stance, trying to persuade the City of Rochester to style itself, in Scandinavian fashion, a nuclear-free zone. Gove believes in nuclear energy, thinks attendant problems can be solved or contained, and has, charac­ teristically and forcefully, begun speaking out on the subject. Relentlessly, Gove tries to make con­ nections between his professional work and issues at large in society, hammer­ ing at those kinds of barriers that frus­ trated him in the Shroud of Turin epi­ sode. The group at Rochester's NSR This baby is 27,000 years old. Shown off here by a member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, Lab has found a new dating technique the frozen body of the infant woolly mammoth was discovered in the Siberian permafrost in 1977. to measure the ratio of iodine to urani­ Gove's team of researchers was able to determine its age using only 70 milligrams of muscle um in granite formations. This can in­ tissue. Earlier carbon-dating techniques would have destroyed much of the animal. dicate the extent to which underground granite has been penetrated by water diagnostic tool in medicine. Physicians of machine that rouses good feelings over a considerable length of time. If it concerned with seeing how a patient's in an engineer's heart (which the can be shown, as Gove says, that "for blood sugars are being metabolized Canadian-born Gove was, before grad­ millions of years an area has been un­ now must draw a multitude of samples uation from Queen's University and disturbed by water seepage, then that from the unfortunate's veins. Harness­ the lure of physics); you want to give it site will probably be safe for nuclear­ ing the tandem accelerator to the task, a hearty slap on its side, invent for it a waste storage. It's unlikely that the since it needs only a tiny sample to do corny nickname like "Big Bertha" or waste will be leached out into the envi­ its quick work, would lend efficiency "The Emperor," or something, encour­ ronment by water." to the diagnostician's labor, and of age it on with muted chants. The true business of the NSR Lab's course, mercy to the patient. Such ad­ Gove has climbed aboard and let the tandem accelerator is nuclear physics, vances are only possible, Gove cau­ accelerator take him to many strange whose practical impact is not easy to tions, if "the language barrier between places - sometimes letting him off, as discern. So Gove believes that "it is al­ physics and medicine can be broken in the Shroud of Turin affair, to squirm ways good for fundamental research to down." He looks to such as the med uncomfortably in very odd nooks, in­ do something that has immediate prac­ center's nuclear medicine unit to run deed, for a physicist. But Gove contin­ tical application." In his 67th year his interference. ues to hand in his ticket to be punched. imagination seems to be traveling in More than nudging time to give up For all his swearing off of future in­ these directions. He speaks of the nu­ its secrets, the accelerator has also volvement in churchly artifacts, it's clear accelerator's use in the photo­ proved a magnetic, cross-disciplinary worth noting that the University's graphic industry- Kodak can use it to draw for a variety of sciences - applied "Great Disputes" series of lectures this measure stable isotopes in photograph­ and otherwise. There is something spring offers a provocative title: "The ic emulsion. It can be useful in the mi­ more to the attraction, however. This is Turin Shroud: Relic, Icon, or Fake?" crochip field, where nitrogen can get how a machine should look- not a The speaker? Professor Harry Gove, into semiconductors and irritatingly bank of lights that blink and beep, but physicist and indefatigable voyager. prove elusive to conventional probes. a massive shining bulk that stretches Nature, as Gove says "can be a testy its length over most of the floor area­ critter," but AMS can help tame it: one can sense in a glance its muscular Thomas Fitzpatrick is the author oj While measuring the carbon-14, "it potential. Gove has often leaned his "Pushing Deadlines, " the story ojthe can tag the nitrogen." lanky, well-over-six-foot frame up Campus Times, in the Winter 1988-89 And he has "a real feeling - call it a against it for a photograph and it al­ issue ojRochester Review. hunch" that AMS can eventually be a ways dwarfs him, but there is nothing intimidating about it. This is the kind

7 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

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8 Rochester Review/Spring 1989 Committed to MEMORY Autobiographical memory-the way in which we create the stories of our lives-may be wildly inaccurate. But there is a reason for that inaccuracy, says a Rochester psychologist who has spent most of his scholarly life examining the elusive faculty we call "memory. "

By Denise Bolger Kovnat For the past eight or nine years (he therapies (especially the Freudian forgets exactly how long), psychologist "talking cure"), the source of eyewit­ Memory, it's been said, is the thing Craig Barclay has been researching ness testimony, and the wellspring of you forget with. Ask any couple that's that very question - seeking to learn much of our history and literature. been married 20 years. What he re­ under what conditions our everyday But more important to this story, members and what she remembers memories are accurate or inaccurate, Barclay and his colleagues tell us that about the same event are often two and why. autobiographical memory is the source very different things. Working in what is a largely unex­ of our "sense of self" - the feeling that, It's as if memory were a pair of plored field, this Rochester professor through the years, we are and remain blurry, often rose-colored glasses­ has chosen to mine one particularly the same person, with the same char­ rather than a clean, distortion-free rich vein: "autobiographical memory," acteristics. lens - through which we view the past. or, the things that we remember about Now, for non-psychologists and psy­ Or, to put it another way, memory is our lives. chologists alike, this is pretty elusive about as reliable as a 5 p.m. flight out Autobiographical memory is quite stuff-like Churchill's "riddle wrapped of O'Hare on a Friday night - we make different from the mind's "data storage in a mystery inside an enigma." A the connection, somehow, but with capacity" - for phone numbers, state September 1985 article in Psychology something less than precision. capitals, the Pledge of Allegiance. Today explained it well: "Barclay's The question is, why? Rather, it is the basis for most psycho- major thesis is that people do not re-

9 Rochester Review/Spring 1989 produce the past, they reconstruct it in While autobiographical memories accord with 'self theories' of how they aren't precise or unchanging, by any are likely to act. ... When we recall means, they do have subjective truth, events from our lives, we behave more according to Barclay-much like the like authors writing autobiographies metamorphic self-portraits of Vincent than like videocassette recorders.... Van Gogh. And the metaphor goes Our autobiographical memories reflect further: We both define and are de­ not only our past but also our person­ fined by this self-portrait, memory, alities and beliefs about ourselves." which we paint in broad strokes from In other words, whether we know it moment to moment. or not, we all edit our autobiographies By way of example, think of some­ as we go through life, deleting a chap­ one who goes through a painful di­ ter here, embellishing an episode there, vorce and feels great guilt over what creating a narrative to our lives. It's as went wrong. Often, through therapy, if our dreams come true retrospective­ such people come to terms with the ly: The woman who was chubby in her failed relationship and understand teens may, as an adult, remember her­ more objectively who or what was to self as a slip of a girl; the elderly man blame. What happens, in Barclay's the­ Craig Barclay has been committed to the study who sat on the sidelines in his youth ory, is that memories are reworked­ of memory for the last eight or nine years (he may now vividly recall his glories on and, thus, an individual's self-image. says he forgets exactly how long). Trained as a the gridiron. At base is the notion that memory developmental psychologist with a Ph. D. from Few of us are exempt from such cre­ is not just a file cabinet where we store the University of IlIinois-Urbana-Champaign, ative, albeit unconscious, memorial the events of our lives; it is a living, he holds joint appointments in the College of tampering. There is an oft-quoted story breathing, ever-changing entity, as we Arts and Science and the Graduate School of about Ronald Reagan, who recollected are - for it is who we are. Education and Human Development. photographing the liberation of Nazi To explain this, Barclay cites an concentration camps at the close of exception to prove the rule: "Look at has since published several books on World War II - when, in fact, he did people who have Alzheimer's disease memory. or degenerative neurological disorders Barclay credits Neisser with stimu­ of various kinds; what they are losing lating his interest in autobiographical "When we recall events is the generative structure that allows memory. And Neisser-currently di­ them to reconstruct their past. And rector of the Emory Cognition Project from our lives, we behave when they lose that, I think they've at Emory University and the Robert lost a very fundamental characteristic W. Woodruff Professor of Psychology more like authors writing of being a person." there - returns the compliment, declar­ autobiographies than like Certainly, this research doesn't fit ing that "Craig is doing very good neatly into any category, and neither work. " videocassette recorders. does the researcher. Trained as a devel­ He puts it in this framework: "Craig Our autobiographical opmental psychologist, Barclay holds is at one point on a continuum of the­ joint appointments in the Department oretical possibilities, in that he believes memories reflect not only of Psychology and in the Graduate that memory is primarily reconstructed School of Education and Human to suit our present purposes." At the our past but also our Development. (He says his work has other end of this continuum are those personalities and beliefs implications for education in that our who believe that autobiographical schools tend to promote a "normative memory is highly factual- almost about ourselves." sense of self" which can rob children photographic. of the richness of their experience and Neisser continues, "I think what he cause some to be labeled "deviant.") has done is to show concretely some his entire wartime service in Holly­ Prior to coming to Rochester in of the ways in which memory can be wood. He embraced the story as his 1985, Barclay filled various teaching changed - what kind of mistakes we own, Barclay says, because it support­ and research posts at the University of can make as we recall events." ed his sense that he was (back then) Pittsburgh, the University of Michigan, According to Barclay, "Memory is a more central figure in world events SUNY Cortland, and the University of very malleable, especially when you than he really was. Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where see it in its everyday uses, because (Collective memories - that is, his­ he received his Ph.D. memories are frequently in the service tory-can be manipulated in much the While he was teaching at SUNY of social and interpersonal ends." In same way, for similar ends. During the Cortland in the late '70s and early '80s, his view, memory functions much like Stalinist era in the Soviet Union, for he often visited nearby Cornell for a witness responding to an attorney's example, historical "facts" were altered courses and seminars. There, he came leading questions: "In everyday life, and entire events expunged from the to know Ulric Neisser-a leading memories are constantly being pushed record, to uphold the Stalinist view of scholar in the field of memory who around by expectancies and anticipa­ the nation's past.) published one of the first cognitive­ tions. " psychology books in the country and

10 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

The work of University of Wash­ ington psychologist Elizabeth Loftus Speak, Memory bears this out, he says. She has shown people videotapes of an automobile From Shakespeare to Proust to Eliot, ary criticism, not from psychology. I accident and then has varied the ques­ writers have probed the phenomenon of think people in literature have under­ tions she asked about what they had memory for centuries. stood memory for a much longer time seen. When she asked, for example, They have much to teach psycholo­ than people in psychology. " "What happened when the cars crashed gists, says professor Craig Barclay: HI Here are some literary observations. into each other?" her subjects would find most ofmy ideas come from liter- describe a more serious accident than when she asked, "What happened when the cars bumped into each other?" As any sales rep would agree, you just have to ask the right question. Nevertheless, there are examples of prodigious, demonstrably accurate "The horror of that moment," the The past is what you remember, memories. What about Proust, for "King went on, "I shall never, never imagine you remember, convince your­ instance, whose extraordinary powers forget!" self you remember, or pretend to of recall produced a 16-volume master­ "You will, though," the Queen remember. piece? said, "if you don't make a memoran­ Harold Pinter Barclay would argue that Proust's dum of it." memory, although encyclopedic, was Lewis Carroll, Once I had recognized the taste of far from photographic. Even when au­ Through the Looking Glass the crumb of madeleine soaked in her tobiographical memory appears to be decoction of lime flowers which my accurate, he says, it is in reality due to By means of an image we are often aunt used to give me ... immediately the old gray house upon the street, a process of reconstruction "driven able to hold on to our lost belongings. But it is the desperateness of losing where her room was, rose up like the more by attitudes and beliefs about which picks the flowers of memory, scenery of a theater. yourself than by accurate memories." binds the bouquet. Proust, Remembrance of He describes the legendary memory Colette, Mes Apprentissages Things Past of Toscanini, the great conductor, who at one time wrote down, from memory, Recognition does not always give One Christmas was so much like an entire movement of an obscure piece us back the warmth of the past; we another ... that I can never remem­ -Joachim Raff's Quartet No.5 -in­ lived it in the present and all that ber whether it snowed for six days cluding all the dynamic marks. When is left is a skeleton Like a butter- and six nights when I was twelve or a manuscript was later found, it re­ fly pinned in a glass case: The charac­ whether it snowed for twelve days and vealed that he had made only one error. ters no longer move in any direction. twelve nights when I was six. Their relationships are numbed, para­ Dylan Thomas, A Child's While Toscanini obviously knew the lyzed. Christmas in Wales piece well, Barclay holds that he didn't Simone de Beauvoir reproduce the manuscript note for note Memory is the diary that we all carry by rote. Rather, he reconstructed it "by Footfalls echo in the memory about with us. ear" - from what he knew of the piece, Down the passage which we did not Oscar Wilde, what he knew of music in general, and take The Importance of what he would expect to hear, "based Towards the door we never opened Being Earnest on themes and formulas that are very Into the rose garden generic. " T. S. Eliot, "Burnt Norton," Another example of apparent accu­ Four Quartets racy is what Barclay and fellow schol­ ars call "flashbulb memories" - a cate­ gory that includes, for instance, your memory of what you were doing when you heard that Kennedy was shot. "People have shown that, even though these memories are extremely vivid after many years, in fact they are also quite inaccurate. Marigold Linton [of the University of Utah and a pio­ neer in the field] tells the story of one of her colleagues who said, years after Kennedy was killed, 'I know that you came down to my office and told me

11 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

about what you had heard on the with certain aspects changed, and 3) In more recent studies, Barclay has news.' She went back and checked, and a number of what Barclay calls "foil looked at how accuracies and inaccu­ she had been in Washington that day." others," that is, another person's rec­ racies in autobiographical memories Flashbulb memories, too, playa role ords altogether, reported during the may be tied to people's attitudes and in the stories of our lives. Says Barclay, same period. The subjects were asked beliefs about themselves. A study he "They have a wonderful nature, I think. to identify whether or not a given item published in 1988 (in collaboration They allow you to weave your own was one of their original records and with Linda Carter-Jessop and Andrea personal history in with the history of how confident they were about this Petitto at the Graduate School of Edu­ your culture, so that if you can say judgment. cation and Human Development and where you were when Kennedy was The findings were both predictable Anthony Labrum of the School of killed, you immediately have a com­ and surprising. As you might expect, Medicine and Dentistry) compared mon experience with strangers. It may the subjects' accuracy in identifying women with Premenstrual Syndrome not be as important that those memo­ their original records remained high (PMS) to a matched control group not ries are accurate as that they tie you to over the course of the study. Moreover, subject to PMS. those relationships." false memories were likely to be rejected The research supported the claim Barclay values memory, obviously­ - at first. that mood can indeed interact with but, as one might guess from his work, But after five months, while the sub­ our attitudes and beliefs about our­ he doesn't trust it too far. During our jects continued to correctly identify selves to affect our memories. For ex­ interview, when my aging, battered their original records, they also began ample, when tested on memories and tape recorder broke down, he produced to accept false memories as their own foils, PMS subjects were found to be from his desk the ultimate mnemonic - with a relatively high level of confi­ more error prone than controls. (The device - a gleaming, compact Sanyo dence. Neisser explains, "It's one thing researchers theorized that PMS sub­ Voice-Activated System Model M1l70 to think that people will make their jects, distracted by greater ups and that recorded our conversation flaw­ own errors. But to think that they will downs in mood, "stored less specific lessly. assent to errors made on their behalf information" as events took place and It's not surprising that he's an avid by other people is really surprising. relied more heavily on generic "theo­ consumer of Memorex, Maxell, and "I was pleased to see this confirmed, ries of self" than on vivid personal the like, for he's staked out his scholar­ and it opened a whole new range of memories.) The control group, on the ly territory not far from their market­ experimental possibilities." other hand - people who, in contrast ing position - that it's a good idea to (Neisser himself has used a different to the PMS sufferers, had shown in keep records. Never mind this talk of method to test memory accuracy- that psychological tests that they had a sense of self, he says, which is merely of John Dean's testimony during the more positive view of themselves - had how he interprets his research. What Watergate hearings, in which Dean trouble remembering negative events his studies support most clearly is the described dozens of meetings he had from their past. simpler notion that our memories are attended over a period of years. By "The Pollyanna Syndrome," as Bar­ far from precise and, in spite of that comparing his testimony to the actual clay describes it, or the "Optimist-Sees­ fact, we are often confident of their the-Doughnut Syndrome." In other accuracy. words, thinking positively about one­ His research method, he says, works self isn't just a self-fulfilling prophecy much like a leading question: "I have Memory is not just a file - it can be a self-fulfilling "history" people keep diaries and then I take as well. these diaries and change them in cer­ cabinet where we store the This kind of work is not without tain ways. And then, after a period of happenings of our lives; it controversy. Philosopher Robert time, I have the subjects read the entries McCauley of Emory University, for - either their originals or altered en­ is a living, breathing, ever­ one, criticized a 1986 study by Barclay tries, called 'foils,' that I have created and Peggy DeCooke (a doctoral stu­ from the originals - and they have to changing entity, as we are dent at the University of Pittsburgh) distinguish between which were the - for it is who we are. for unwittingly testing their subjects' real events and which weren't." ability to remember the wording of His first study of this kind was com­ events, as described on the tests, rather pleted in 1982 in collaboration with than the events themselves. Henry Wellman of the University of White House tapes, Neisser shows that Neisser agrees that this particular Michigan. In it, six adults kept records Dean was often wrong in terms of iso­ study is flawed. But, he adds, "It is of three events daily for four months. lated episodes. But what made his tes­ a very difficult problem, the issue of Over the course of two-and-a-half timony so indicting was that he cap­ making foils in this kind of work. And years, their memory for different sam­ tured the essence of what took place in Craig was the first person to do it. His ples of their original records was tested the Nixon White House.) was the first paper in which we had foils five times. in a diary study- and, sure enough, Each test included 1) some of the some people fell for the foils. That was subjects' original records of events, 2) a big finding." a number of "foils" - original records

12 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

work: "I think it's potentially ground­ breaking, because it's tackling the most difficult problems." Sitting in his office in Lattimore Hall, clad in the sweater and wool pants that are required for Rochester winters and wearing the wire-rim glasses that be­ long to the memories of another era, Barclay talks about these "most diffi­ cult problems" -the ways in which we create the stories of our lives. He has a name for it: "The Im­ provisational Self" - a self whose story is spontaneously created and recreated in the present, much like the tune of a Dixieland jazz musician. Then again, that's not quite right, he says, as if caught up in his own improv­ isation. "Actually, the best description I've found for it is a type of old Welsh folk music called 'Penillion forms,' in which a harpist and a bard interact. It was a form of competition to see if the bard could adjust the words, keeping the meaning of the story the same, as the harpist changed the melody. "I think there's more that quality to the telling of our life stories." The improvisation continues: "But people don't speak in themes, and they don't speak in improvisations. They speak in memories from their lives. That's what they do." So perhaps we should end here, appropriately, with a memory from a life-a very famous life-quoted by There's another level of controversy, of your life and the idea that memo­ Barclay in one of his studies. too: that of whether autobiographical ries are so dramatically reworked. It's memory is, indeed, as inaccurate as like fact versus fiction; the truth may For many years I believed that Barclay and colleagues say it is. Among lie somewhere in the middle." I remembered helping my grand­ the half dozen or so people nationwide And then again, in what scholars father drink his whiskey toddy who are studying memory, psycholo­ call the realm of "metatheory" (the when I was six weeks old, but I gist William Brewer of the University most abstract theory), Barclay's work do not tell about that any more of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign falls is controversial because he's studying now; I am grown old and my on the opposite end of the spectrum "hot" memory as opposed to "cold" memory is not as active as it used from Barclay, theorizing that autobio­ (what's known as rote) memory, says to be. When I was younger I graphical memory can be quite accu­ Rochester psychologist Richard Ryan. could remember anything, rate. "Cognitive psychologists classically whether it had happened or not; Speaking on the phone from Cam­ study cold memory, which is the driest but my faculties are decaying bridge University in England, where possible function. But to study memory now and soon I shall be so I can­ he is on sabbatical at a center for the as it occurs in life, to study every real not remember anything but the study of everyday memory, Brewer and emotional event as it goes on­ things that never happened. It is comments, "Barclay and Neisser have and also look at how memory for sad to go to pieces like this, but taken a relatively strong position that mundane events is linked to the long­ we all have to do it. memories are distorted. On the other standing story of the self-this is an hand, I came out with a rather large area we're just beginning to take seri­ from Mark Twain's data set that these memories are actu­ ously. " Autobiography ally closer to being correct. And this is precisely the reason, he "It looks to me as if there will even­ says, why he's "very fond of" Barclay's tually be some sort of compromise be­ Denise Bolger Kovnat says that she's been tween the idea that these memories are forgetful for as long as she can remember. like highly accurate Polaroid snapshots

13 14 Rochester Review/Winter 1988-89

From the Attic

"Picturemaker" Carl Chiarenza, Fanny Knapp Allen Professor of Art History

By Judith Reynolds A table brims over with large pieces small collage, the size of a hand print. of paper; smaller bits are stuffed into In their overall grayness there is noth­ minent American photog­ a blue plastic drawstring bag from a ing to distinguish them from other rapher and art historian sporting goods store in Cambridge, debris under the soft dormer light. Carl Chiarenza walks up Massachusetts. Chiarenza shuffles aside But the bits of paper are the first two flights of stairs to a mailing tubes in order to move a tripod step in what will become unmistakably small attic studio. He cau­ light aimed at the end wall. a Chiarenza photograph-large, dense­ Etions about children's toys, pajamas, Tacked to the wall are scraps of ly black, and abstract. and books on the steps. His "studio," paper, nothing extraordinary. The Chiarenza photographs are not easy located at the top of the stairs, is a pieces of cardboard and strips of film to understand. The viewer who tries to narrow landing framed by a built-in packaging have been assembled into a find a traditional picture- or to pin­ bookcase, a door to a storage area, point distinct symbols - will be disap- and two dormer windows.

15 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

Menotomy 320, 1983 pointed. These are works of an abstract At first glance, "Menotomy 320" is a in the second generation of American artist who uses shapes, lines, and light stable image, but the restless surfaces photographers, following such artists - not familiar images - to convey ideas disturb its structural equilibrium. as Edward Weston, Ansel Adams, and emotion. There seems to be no relationship Minor White, and Aaron Siskind. In his "Menotomy 320," for example, between the ordinariness of the wall Born in Rochester, Chiarenza was Chiarenza positions a strong vertical collage and Chiarenza's finished work. educated at Rochester Institute of axis in the center of the frame. Boldly The intervening ingredients, of course, Technology, Boston University, and lit, it rises from a solid black horizon­ are creative imagination and technical Harvard. He spent 30 years in Boston, tal base and divides the image into know-how. Plainspoken as he is, and where he became chairman of Boston equal sections. The left segment has a adamant about the phoniness of jar­ University's art-history department broad surface that curves from dark to gon, Chiarenza appears to have an and established himself as an admin­ light. And at the left edge, a tear reveals abundance of creative reserves­ istrator, teacher, scholar, critic, and a series of rippling verticals broken by treasures in the attic. photographer (he prefers the term a black hole. He also has the knowledge of optics "picturemaker"). To the right of center, a major diag­ and the photographic expertise to cre­ Now, Chiarenza has come full circle. onal axis drives up to the right corner ate haunting images seemingly out of He holds one of Rochester's distin­ where crumpled foil brackets the right­ nothing. guished "chairs" - the Fanny Knapp hand edge. The knife-like forms creat­ What idle thoughts are to a philos­ Allen Professorship in Art History. At ed by the diagonal have surfaces that opher or beads of lead are to an al­ the University, he teaches one under­ bend and crackle, the light catching chemist, light and torn pieces of paper graduate course and has been charged the creases. are to Chiarenza. Nothing is what it with developing a graduate program in seems - everything is transformed. At 53, Carl Chiarenza may not be a household word, but he is a key figure

16 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

the history of photography, in collabo­ demeanor, he says, he is a volcano­ has to be sent up for me," he says. ration with the International Museum filled with frustration and unending Chiarenza used to photograph the of Photography at George Eastman restlessness. outside world - walls, woodgrain, House. The split between practitioner and found objects, and textures. He made His presence at the University may theorist (and teacher) leads to what he a distinct break in 1979, however, and allow it to join the handful of other calls a "schizophrenic life." He admits he hasn't been out of the studio to academic institutions - Harvard, to being doubt-ridden and stretched to shoot since. Princeton, Boston University, and the the limit. A Chiarenza photograph "begins" Universities of Michigan and New Delivering a lecture on his own work when he goes up to his studio and Mexico - that include photographic last fall in the University's Wednesday tacks a scrap of paper to the wall. history in serious art-historical study. Evenings series, Chiarenza made it Then he adds to it - bits of cardboard In returning to Rochester, Chiarenza clear he felt awkward talking about his with a serrated edge, a piece of Polar­ brought with him his wife, Heidi Katz, photographs: "I feel like I'm doing a oid film packaging, a scrap of a place and their two children, Jonah, 8, and striptease up here," he said. mat from an American Airlines tray Gabriella, 5. He also brought the Privately, he lets it be known that ("It sort of interested me, so I dropped problems of a multiply talented person little is easy for him. "Teaching is hard it in my briefcase")- debris that takes living in an age of specialization. for me. I agonize over it a lot. And I'm his fancy. slow at writing. I don't like jargon or He manipulates the light, moving hiarenza is a hybrid, a complicated language: I tend to over­ the tripod first here, then there, study­ doer and a thinker. He explain. It all takes time." ing the shadows and the highlights is considered among the "More than anything else," he says, that result. As he composes, he takes best in two fields, photog­ "I want to make pictures. Picturemak­ Polaroid shots - anywhere from three raphy and art history. His ing is the best way, the most forceful to 15 of them-creating what are, in Cphotographic work appears in 33 pub- way, for me to share my view of con­ effect, "sketches." lic collections and is reproduced in temporary reality. I'm torn. Everything He says he doesn't pre-visualize. countless books. takes time." His goal is to arrive at a construction His critical writing includes a major Standing under the low ceiling of his whose elements seem to have their own book on Aaron Siskind as well as re­ studio, Chiarenza spends hours con­ internal cohesion and balance, one views and articles on Siskind's photog­ structing a collage, shifting the lights that carries the emotional resonance raphy. In addition, Chiarenza contin­ he shines on it, attempting to give form he's after. ues to publish in a variety of journals to his "view of contemporary reality" "I'm also concerned about keeping and to conduct symposia and work­ - what it means to be human. Suppers the viewer inside the picture," he says. shops. have been missed, Saturdays vanish; "That's why I'm very careful about His multiple talents and interests time disappears for him during his what happens around the edges. A take their toll, however. Under his calm creative moments. "Someone usually bright spot only on one edge could pull the eye away from what else is going on in the picture." He rearranges, adds, subtracts, un­ til the design satisfies him - "until it works. " Then, using his 4 x 5 Toyo view camera, he shoots the final negative. The second half of Chiarenza's pic­ turemaking takes place in his basement darkroom. Sidestepping a sleeping cal­ ico cat and ducking overhead pipes, he winds his way downstairs. As small and cramped as his dormer studio, Chiarenza's darkroom isn't the high-tech affair one might expect. It's a conglomeration of wood-slat tables and sinks, the prerequisite brown bot­ tles, mix-matched trays, and a clothes­ line. No chrome or glass or multiple rooms. It is in that space, he says, that the most intense creative work occurs, at his Beseler enlarger, dodging and burn­ Noumenon 283/287, 1984-85 ing (diminishing or intensifying the light effects) as he exposes the negative image onto photographic paper.

17 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

"I'll use anything I can to get the picture I want," he says. "I'll use my arms, elbows, and shoulders, if neces­ sary. " To produce his pictures, Chiarenza does what every photographer does­ decides what he wants to shoot, checks the lighting and exposure, frames the subject, focuses, develops, and prints. That his works are different from the works of thousands of other photog­ raphers is a testament to his creativity and his craftsmanship. The creative process is so mysterious to him that he says he sometimes finish­ es a picture and looks at it wondering who made it. He frequently mentions the "unknown" - that layer of mystery that inhabits many of life's moments­ the ineffable. The unknown, he says, "drives" creativity. "It is the single most important force in being human," he says. "We live in an indeterminate, changing uni­ verse. I am aware of the utter uncer­ tainty of our time, and I want my work to echo the flux of our time and space." As he composes and prints, he says, chance images emerge that excite him and serve as evidence of the unknown. He wants those who see his pictures to feel that presence of the unknown: He wants his pictures to attest to how little we know and how much we feel. He says he knows that abstract pho­ tography is inaccessible to many people - and that, at worst, it is dismissed as obscure and meaningless. Apprecia­ tion of abstract photography must be acquired, he acknowledges, like appre­ ciation of abstract art in any form, whether it is painting, sculpture, dance, or music. "Pictures are about pictures," Chia­ renza tells his students in his art-history class. "Pictures are not about reality." That conflicts distinctly with the idea that pictures of any kind are a realistic "window on the world," a Renaissance notion that has gripped the Western Noumenon 256/253, 1984-85 world for 500 years - and one that is wrong-headed, says Chiarenza. "Pictures are about appearances," he says, "and rise out of conventions." What we see when we look at a pic­ ture, he says, is an interpretation of the subject of the picture. "Pictures are made through the filter of culture and

18 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

Untitled Triptych 25/24/32, 1988 the bias of individuals. Pictures are portant moment in history. The photo­ Chiarenza the scholar-writer-photog­ also based on our expectations of what graph is, above all, a social comment, rapher-teacher moves from campus pictures should look like - our experi­ not just a snapshot. classroom to office, to home studio, to ence with past or present pictures." darkroom with his passion for pictures Chiarenza gives the example of a esitantly, the students and picturemaking. He is part of the 19th-century Western photographer describe what they see, stream of 20th-century thought and ac­ who took pictures of Chinese men. and Chiarenza encour­ tivity that has rediscovered the power The pictures look like European por­ ages them to see more, and simplicity of abstract visual lan­ traits. And he tells of the Orientals to relate what they see guage. who photographed the American land­ Hto their world and to other pictures For photographers like Chiarenza­ scape. Their pictures looked like East­ they have seen. He leads the students and for those who see their work­ ern, not Western landscapes. to a realization that much of what abstract photography offers endless In Room 315 of Harkness Hall on they know about the world is learned paths to the stillness and silence of the the River Campus, Chiarenza prods his through pictures. unknown. students with questions. "What do you Issues he stresses in his teaching are Abstract photography continues to see?" he says as he projects images on echoed in his writing. Among those fascinate him, Chiarenza says, and he'll a wall. most often repeated: continue his work in collage - until he He shows a photograph by the late • "Picturemaking" is a broad cate­ feels he's said what he wants to say. Garry Winogrand, taken in Dallas a gory that encompasses photography, Then, he says, he'll go on to something year after the Kennedy assassination. paintings, prints, collages, and mixed new. In the picture are a group of tourists, media. Any viable history of picture­ all carrying cameras. One man holds making must include photography. a postcard of the Book Depository • Elitism in "art" damages the long © 1988 City Newspaper. Reprinted with building. history of picturemaking. permission. Many Americans have a visual im­ • Picturemaking is a fundamental Writer Judith Reynolds, the arts editor age of that location, based on pictures human activity that rises out of a drive oj City Newspaper, is an art historian, painter, and photographer who has taught they have seen on television and in or a need to represent visually an un­ art history at the college level and studio newspapers. But the Winogrand pho­ derstanding of the world. art, including photography, at the secon­ tograph, says Chiarenza, is not a pic­ • All forms of picturemaking are dary-school level. ture of reality. It is Winogrand's com­ valid and reflect a person's experience mentary on the assassination and the of the world. responses to it. He has taken a picture • Everyone who makes pictures of people taking and selling pictures operates from a mental bias and cul­ of a significant reminder of that im- tural set. • All forms of visual representation have a history, a tradition, and conven­ tions. Ultimately, there is a personal note in everything created, but the work exists in a larger context.

19 Rochester Review/Winter 1988-89

20 r Rochester Review/Spring 1989 "Trial Lawyer of the lear," Alan Darnell '68 achieved that distinction thanks to the first-ever suit in which a smoker won damages from a tobacco company. He might never have made it;, he says;, if he hadn't started out as the kid with a big mouth.

By Jeremy Schlosberg decided that Cipollone was 80 percent who feels impelled by the desire not responsible for her own cigarette habit), merely to practice law but to do signifi­ ittle could he have realized anti-smokers hailed the verdict as "an­ cant, even momentous work. it at the time, but young other nail in tobacco's coffin." Wash­ He believes himself to be in the right Alan Darnell '68 received ington University law professor John law firm to do that work: Wilentz, early motivation for a Banzhaf, head of the Action on Smok­ Goldman & Spitzer was founded by career in law on the ing and Health group, characterized David T. Wilentz, who, as attorney gen­ Lgrammar-school playing field. Growing the decision as "the most important eral for the State of New Jersey, tried up on Long Island, he was not what legal development involving tobacco the Lindbergh kidnapping case in you might call a born athlete. "Un­ since the cigarette companies were Flemington in 1933. "Being at a firm coordinated and fat" is the way he de­ forced off television. " where the founder is a part of history, scribes his young self. "My most vivid Experts in the field of products lia­ I have had the desire to be a part of memory of sports is being the last one bility predicted the case would provide history also," says Darnell. picked for the team," he says today, a "how-to" manual for plaintiffs in 110 Audacious? Perhaps. But you come with the bemused tone of one who has similar cases currently being pursued to expect this sort of pronouncement had the last laugh. "That's why I end­ and could prompt a spate of fresh law­ from a man who readily acknowledges ed up using my mouth." suits as well. his ability and willingness to assert Thus did Darnell proceed to excel in Publicly unfazed, tobacco companies himself. "I've never been shy," he says. communication, narration, persuasion. conceded, as one executive put it, that "I'm the kind of guy that if the soup By the time the Roslyn High School the judgment was perhaps "a little like is cold, I'll send it back. Other people graduate arrived in Rochester in the landing on the moon - that was a big might just eat cold soup. ,- fall of 1964, his verbal facility had achievement." But, he added, "once Darnell traces his tobacco road back made his career choice clear. "I basi­ we'd done that we didn't go back very to a seemingly unrelated case he worked cally said to myself, 'What human en­ much. There was nothing up there." on early in his Wilentz, Goldman & deavor can my limited talents be useful Darnell doesn't see it that way. The Spitzer career-involving a man who in?' " The answer was this: "If you have important point, as he told a Time re­ had been paralyzed from the neck a big mouth, being a lawyer is some­ porter, was that "the myth of the to­ down as a result of a motorcycle acci­ thing you can do." bacco industry's invincibility has been dent on his family farm in New Jersey. Thus did Darnell, he with the big shattered once and for all." Originally it had been a criminal case, mouth, proceed from Rochester to the The unflappable, ever-quotable Dar­ not handled by Darnell's firm, in which University of Pennsylvania Law School. nell, unsurprisingly, seems to relish his the man's brother was tried for murder: From there, in 1971, he was hired by national publicity. While the case was After the accident, the paralyzed victim the New Jersey firm of Wilentz, Gold­ still going on he was, along with Mark had asked to be killed. The brother man & Spitzer. A partner since 1980, a Edell, the other lead lawyer for the was eventually acquitted; a book was senior partner since 1986, Darnell has plaintiff, interviewed on "60 Minutes" written and a movie made about the gained national prominence in the last by Mike Wallace. Wallace, declares circumstances. few years as one of the lawyers for the Darnell, "was a pussycat." Wilentz, Goldman & Spitzer's in­ plaintiff in the highly publicized Cipol­ As the result of the Cipollone case, volvement began when the victim's lone case, a suit by a cigarette smoker Darnell shared with Edell and an asso­ widow approached the firm with the against three cigarette manufacturers, ciate the Trial Lawyers for Public Jus­ idea that the motorcycle had gone out which generated massive newspaper tice "Trial Lawyer of the Year" award. of control due to a product malfunc­ and television coverage during its six­ It was the second time Darnell had won tion. A suit was brought against Kawa­ year journey through the courts. it. He is the only lawyer yet to win it saki, the manufacturer, in 1974; Dar­ Other similar suits have appeared twice. nell worked on little else for two years. over the years - more than 300 of them The Cipollone case was exhausting, A six-week trial resulted in a verdict since 1954-but this was the first ever expensive, and, seemingly, endless. Six against the plaintiff-Kawasaki was to award damages to the plaintiff, Rose years after its beginning, the suit is still held to be blameless in the accident. Cipollone, who herself died oflung can­ active, now on appeal. But it was also "That was my baptism by fire in cer shortly after the legal proceedings exciting and rewarding for Darnell, products-liability cases," says Darnell. began. Such cases were not nearly as common Although the amount of the award then as they are now, he notes; this was was relatively small ($400,000 - the jury

21 Rochester Review/Spring 1989 not only Darnell's first but Wilentz, toxic torts before the decade was out­ company did suspect the danger, so Goldman & Spitzer's first too. A few and would, in fact, wit.h the new dec­ they were lying. But you know what?­ years later, Darnell worked on a case ade, become a recognized expert in the argued Darnell- it shouldn't matter in which Wilentz, Goldman & Spitzer area. whether they knew of all the dangers represented an epoxy-product manufac­ or not. This does not relate to negli­ turer that was being sued by 20 people t began in 1979, when a gence theory, he said, which requires claiming the product had caused them Wilentz, Goldman & Spitzer unreasonable or careless action. This to become highly sensitive to light. senior partner called Darnell is strict liability theory, which is, as ("We had to take their depositions in into his office. The senior part­ he explains it: "You are liable without the dark," he remembers.) ner had asbestos on his mind­ fault. You sold a bad product, a dan­ This case was settled out of court, Ispecifically, the 21 cases Wilentz, gerous product. And if a product is but gave Darnell crucial experience for Goldman & Spitzer had pending that dangerous, it's just as dangerous, and two reasons. First, he was this time concerned employees who were suing my clients are just as injured or dead, representing the defendant rather than the company for asbestos exposure. whether you knew it was dangerous or the plaintiff in a products-liability case. "We would like you to get involved not. " Darnell continues to this day as a liti­ with them," Darnell was told. "Let me Therefore, he argued to the Supreme gator on both sides of the products­ think about it," said the younger law­ Court, the state-of-the-art defense has liability fence. "I'm what they call 'bi­ yer. Darnell thought about the increas­ no place in products-liability cases. legal,' " he says. "I think it's important ing legal commotion being raised over "The Supreme Court, for the first time, that lawyers do this, but most don't. asbestos, remembered hearing that agreed with me," he says. It was a land­ They do one side or the other, but there was even a new newsletter devot­ mark decision; for his work in the case, won't cross the line." ed entirely to asbestos litigation. He Part of his ability to cross that line saw it not only as a growing area of stems from his firm's historical com­ concern, but an area in which he as a mitment. Wilentz, Goldman & Spitzer lawyer could do some good for inno­ is the only firm of its size (now 130 cent victims. He went back to the sen­ lawyers) that, as far as Darnell knows, ior partner's office and said, "I'll do it. has a sizable plaintiff's personal-injury But you understand," he added, "that practice. "Most law firms our size if I get committed to these cases, it will don't take on these cases," he says. be like I don't work here anymore, be­ "So that gives you a unique perspective cause it will be overwhelming." The - because we can afford to invest time, senior partner laughed. "You're exag­ money, and energy into these plaintiff's gerating," he said. cases and yet not bankrupt the firm." From 21 cases in 1979, Wilentz, Goldman & Spitzer today has some arnell considers this two thousand asbestos cases in the "bilegal" experience in­ office. Darnell is the head of what's valuable. "I think it's known as the "toxic-tort team" - a given me a unique op­ full-fledged battery of lawyers, para­ portunity to be objective. legals, and clerks devoted to nothing DIt keeps you from being what I call a else but handling asbestos litigation. 'true believer,' which is a lawyer who In 1982, Darnell argued an asbestos can see only one side and is unable to case called Beshada v. Johns-Manville understand the other side's position, before the Supreme Court of New Darnell: "I'm the kind of guy that if the soup is or to anticipate it. I can put myself in Jersey. In it, Darnell broke the back cold, I'll send it back. Other people might just the devil's advocate role very easily, of the traditional asbestos-company eat cold soup. II saying, 'What would I do if I were the "state of the art" defense. This defense other guy? What would I do to me? claims that asbestos manufacturers Darnell received the first of his two What would I do with my client? should be excused from any liability "Trial Lawyer of the Year" awards. Where would I go?' I think it's easier dating back to a time when the true It was during the heat of his asbestos for me to do that than someone who's dangers of asbestos exposure were work that the idea of tobacco litigation never gone both ways." unknown. Manufacturers had long first occurred to him. He couldn't help The epoxy case also marked the be­ known that direct exposure during noticing asbestos-company defense ginning of Darnell's involvement with manufacturing itself could be danger­ lawyers questioning his clients closely what are known as "toxic-tort cases." ous, but claimed to have no idea that on their smoking habits. He would Unlike most previous products-liability exposure to the end products - such as eventually talk to these defense lawyers cases, which involved traumatic inju­ asbestos insulation - was at all hazard­ about this. "The tobacco companies ries, this one had to do with a product ous, until a famous article was pub­ are out there laughing," he told them. that allegedly caused damage merely lished in 1964 by a medical researcher. "They're laughing at you and they're by exposure. He didn't know it at the Darnell's argument was, first of all, laughing at me. Because they sell a time, but he would become intimately that internal documents showed the product that's probably one of the familiar with the legal ins and outs of most dangerous products sold in this

22 Rochester Review/Spring 1989 country, and they haven't paid a dime. first heard at the Globe Theatre. Dar­ jokes); it's a 1988 735i. His wife, Joan, And here you are paying my client lots nell actually encountered the 1980s drives a BMW convertible. "We're not of money." version of that famous line in a come­ embarrassed to live well," he says. Darnell found a receptive ear; he dy club one night. One of the comedi­ "I can say that, yes, I've made a good soon joined forces with two asbestos ans asked during his routine if there living from doing personal-injury work, defense lawyers - one of whom was were any lawyers in the audience. Dar­ but my clients have gotten millions Mark Edell-to pursue the idea of a nell, not one to shun the spotlight, and millions of dollars of compensa­ suit against a cigarette manufacturer. raised his hand. "Dirtbag!" lashed the tion that they really need as a result. This led to their taking on the case of comic, among many other, less printa­ And that makes me feel good. It's nice Rose Cipollone, a longtime smoker ble epithets. A cheap laugh, certainly, to make a good living from helping who claimed that she was lured into an but a laugh, definitely. "It brought people. Unfortunately, in this world, addictive and deadly habit long before down the house," says Darnell, who most of the people who make a lot of the deleterious effects of smoking were remains unruffled and philosophical money do it in ways that don't particu­ generally known. That was the case about this sort of thing. larly help others. " that became a legal landmark last "People don't like anybody who year when a federal-court jury, for the makes a living from anyone else's mis­ or a man of some means, first time in a cigarette-company suit, fortunes or problems," he says. "Look, Darnell is nevertheless a awarded damages to the plaintiff. there are always mixed emotions about man of simple tastes. "You "I think the verdict should have been it. I make my living this way. I get a could say I'm a pretty bor­ a lot higher," says Darnell. "But that's percentage of what they get. But if I ing guy," he says. "I've had neither here nor there - it was the first didn't do it, they wouldn't get anything. Fone wife and one job." He and Joni, time anybody ever got a verdict for a So I don't feel at all-what's the word as she's known, have a 12-year-old boy penny from a tobacco company." ... diffident (is that a good word?) and a 9-year-old girl; they live in Way­ There are many complex legal rea­ about doing it." side, some 30 miles from Darnell's sons why these cigarette cases take so As a matter of fact, Darnell reso­ Woodbridge office, at the northern end long and are so difficult for plaintiffs lutely defends the system that provides of the Jersey shore. When he's not to win. But there are psychological and for personal-injury lawyers to receive working, either in the law office or in financial barriers too, of which Darnell fees contingent upon the reward. his spacious, refinished-attic home is well aware. "You go to the typical "There are those people who think office, he likes nothing better than person in the street and say: 'I repre­ the contingent-fee system is the worst spending time with his kids ... except, sent someone who was smoking and thing about our American legal sys­ perhaps, cleaning and polishing his who died from smoking. Should that tem," he acknowledges. "They think car. "My idea of a nice way to spend a person get money?' Most people would lawyers are rapacious and greedy and Saturday afternoon is to wash and wax immediately say: 'What are you, nuts? making all this money, just stealing my car to within an inch of its life - so Absolutely not. ' That's our burden to from insurance companies and making I can see the pores of my skin in the overcome, that initial reaction." car insurance expensive." paint. " He loves the satisfaction of Darnell believes this view to be "a completing a job in a single afternoon, more tangible obstacle bunch of hooey." A lawyer 'sitting down the way it looks, and, admittedly, the is the bottom line. The to examine a case is, he says, "that envious praise it provokes. Cipollone lawyers have case's toughest critic." After all, he But it is hard to conclude, in the estimated that it took points out, if you don't win, you won't end, that Alan Darnell is necessarily more than $400,000 in get paid. Rather than encouraging ra­ any more vain or self-satisfied than Aout-of-pocket expenses and more paciousness, he says, this system auto­ most of us. He is simply less inhibited than $2 million in lawyers' time sim­ matically weeds out frivolousness. "I about betraying such feelings. He is ply to get it to trial. Because this is a think that the contingent-fee system, one of the few people you might inter­ personal-injury case, lawyers are paid instead of causing more cases to be view who, when you're done, first of all nothing by the plaintiff until, and un­ filed, is a gatekeeper; it prevents stupid wonders aloud how he rated as an in­ less, there is a victory. And then there cases from reaching the courts. Of terviewee and second of all guesses is the problem of dealing with the course," says Darnell, leaning back that he did pretty well. And, third of massive legal horsepower the tobacco with the hint of a grin, "one can differ all, is right. He may be forthright, companies routinely muster to counter on what's a stupid case and what's a blunt, and occasionally off-color, but lawsuits. "They can churn out briefs good case. But that's why there is a he is nearly always pithy and quotable. overnight; they have an unlimited bud­ legal system." "I'm very up-front and honest," he get," says Darnell. "We sometimes feel There is no denying, however, that proclaims. "Crude and obnoxious too, like David versus Goliath." lawyers most skilled in this area - such but honest." In fact, he decides, that The lawyer as underdog, however, is as an Alan Darnell- are indeed amply would be a perfectly satisfying epitaph: not the typical perspective most of us rewarded. And Darnell himself, ever "Crude, but honest." If he has his way, have. In fact, to say that there is a soci­ forthright, is the first to admit it, and, Alan Darnell will be pithy and quota­ etal prejudice against lawyers is some­ again, to feel not diffident (is he ever?) ble in the hereafter as well. thing of an understatement. It goes in defense. He makes no bones about back a long way: "The first thing we the BMW he drives ("what else?" he do, let's kill all the lawyers" -that no Jeremy Schlosberg writes frequently about doubt prompted a great cheer when alumni for Rochester Review. 23 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

"PhoneMail" comes to campus. Students can make dates, break dates, discuss assignments, exchange gossip-and virtually anything else­ without ever speaking directly to anyone. And they have put it to uses most of us would never have dreamed of

24 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

~----.')

By Shinji Morokuma right - PhoneMail works mostly like a the new phone system, and they've home answering machine: delivering been using it like, er, grownups- Hi, this is Shinji. I'm sorry I can't greetings and taking messages for peo­ "You have reached.... I am sorry.... talk with you in person, but I'm glad ple who either can't or won't answer At the beep...." But last fall, when you called. Please leave your message the phone themselves. PhoneMail River Campus undergrads got back to after the beep, and.... users can then, at their leisure, "pick school, they found this new goodie on Hey, as long you're on the line­ up the mail" from their personal and their phones too, on their very own you're still there, right?-let me just tell confidential PhoneMail "boxes." dorm-room phones. That's when the you about the wizardry that allowed What's really different about all this full possibilities of the system opened you to get in touch with me even is that it's a whole interlocking system up. Oy, you shoulda seen what hap­ though I'm not here. It's called of answering machines, brought to you pened. Like among other things the "PhoneMail," and believe me it's the through the micro-magic of computer Great Chainmail Gridlock Episode­ greatest thing since "Touch Tone." chips. A sort of "electronic village," but I'll get back to that later. PhoneMail is one of the nifty little you might say. I know, it's not like what it was features of the multimillion dollar PhoneMail has been available to when you were in school. "Party-line" phone system the University put in a faculty and staff since the advent of hall phones. "Hey, Suuuuue. It's for couple of years ago. Yeah, yeah, you're youuuu." Well, buddy, times have

25 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

changed. Now it's one phone per room. here either"). Even the news program very same issue, launched a PhoneMail A private phone. With PhoneMail. "60 Minutes" is not immune: "Tick Greeting Contest, widely believed to be Need I tell you PhoneMail has been tick tick tick ... and I'm John the first in the University's history. Win­ a smash with the students? They can Witherspoon." ning first prize were Lisa Heller '91 and now make dates, break dates, discuss Other types of greetings? How Leslie Miller '91 for their innovative assignments, and exchange gossip and about an enactment of a romantic din­ ..PhoneMail Rap"; Nigel Richards '92 virtually anything else except germs ner interruptus? A horror-movie scene and Leo Fishburn '92 copped second without ever speaking directly with narrated by an ersatz Boris Karloff? prize for their dramatization of the anyone. Great training for maintaining Or what sounds like a fight between murder of the PhoneMail Babe. Like aplomb on all those answering ma­ a detective and a "quivering pad of I said, anything goes. chines out there in the real world. It's butter" from a surreal Mickey Spillane Now here's a surprise: Have your also big with parents, who finally have novel? A young lisping child answers editor assign you to do a story on a reliable way - albeit an asynchronous one phone. Another guy regularly "The Rise of PhoneMail as an Enter­ one- ofcommunicating with their sons holds a "Guess That Sound" Contest tainment Medium on Campus," and and daughters away at school. "Where through his PhoneMail salutation. when you start calling up people to have you been? We've been trying to Virtually anything goes. check out the clever Personalized get in touch with you all week!" Who Writers "Ludwig and Camper Van Salutations, you find out the subject wants to hear it? Or say it? Beethoven" of the Campus Times maybe should have been "The Second­ But what really fascinates the stu­ defined PhoneMail's versatility this Semester Decline of PhoneMail as an dents is the PhoneMail Personalized way in the September 22, 1988, issue: Entertainment Medium on Campus." Salutation. Users have the option of Suddenly, a lot of Personalized Salu­ going with the default greeting - "The Ten Reasons Why the PhoneMail tations aren't straying very far from party you have reached at extension System Is Really Great: "Hi, this is Laura. I'm sorry ..." 4-XXXX is not available" - or erasing 1. It's an equal opportunity The suspicion is that truly imagina­ it and instead coloring the blank com­ recorder. tive PhoneMail greetings may be going puterized canvas with original greet­ 2. PhoneMail doesn't discriminate the way of those talking Teddy Ruxpin ings of their own creation. Our guys against freshmen. bears. The novelty is wearing off. Could took to that option like Picasso to 3. PhoneMail doesn't care whether PhoneMail become just another aban­ paint. Let me tell you, some of the or not you are a member of a doned techno-toy whose secrets and messages they came up with are worthy fraternity. amusements have all been discovered? of Grammys, Emmys, and Oscars. 4. PhoneMail doesn't care whether What with second-semester papers, Like what kind of messages? Well, or not you like "Sweet Child 0' practice, and parties, fewer and fewer from Robert Goulet to Guns 'n' Roses, Mine." students seem to have the time or the it's generally music, the primary medi­ 5. PhoneMail doesn't care how idi­ energy to brainstorm the umpteenth um for expressing "Who I Am" while otically stupid your messages are. version of "I'm not home, leave a mes­ saying "Leave A Message." With digi­ 6. PhoneMail doesn't care how idi­ sage." The students who have fostered tal keyboards, acoustic guitars, blasters, otically repetitive you are. a following on campus for their inge­ or whatever noisemaker happens to 7. You can't be allergic to Phone­ nious PhoneMail-Greeting Gurus, be at hand, the creative types attempt Mail. you might call them - concede that strong existential statements with orig­ 8. PhoneMail doesn't cause birth their reputations can be strenuous to inal, composed-for-PhoneMail works; defects. uphold after even a single semester. you have to hear 'em to believe 'em. 9. With PhoneMail, you can leave Seniors, busy job hunting, tend to The masses draw their inspiration a message on anyone's phone, become suddenly circumspect. Can from the chart toppers on their favor­ and you still won't get AIDS. you imagine what happens if a repre­ ite radio stations. From stereo receiver 10. The PhoneMail Babe has the sentative from IBM calls to offer you to telephone receiver, you can catch sexiest voice on campus. a job and what he or she hears is the the campus's hottest hits, usually the Chipmunks singing "Help Me Rhon­ latest pop single by the "Bad Boys of Ah yes, the PhoneMail Babe. That's da"? Job prospector Steve Bond '89, Rock 'n' Roll" du jour. Last semester it the pet name students have given to the when asked about his usual slapstick was "Sweet Child 0' Mine" by Guns 'n' being/device whose authoritative-yet­ performances, explains: "Aw, you Roses. approachable feminine alto delivers all should've called earlier. I just changed Many of the PhoneMail retro-garde the prompts to phone users. She came my message back to something normal turn to television music for their tele­ with the phone system, say the folks in because I was expecting someone im­ phone greetings: nostalgic themes from the University's Telecommunications portant to call." Hey, none taken, "The Jetsons" ("Meet John Mattos, Division, who prefer to refer to the Steve. Roommate Brian ..."); "Mission Im­ electronic entity as "Silicon Sally." But what may have begun to draw possible" ("Your mission, should you She's something of a cult figure here, the curtain on "The Rise and Fall of choose to accept it, is to leave a mes­ but her true identity, or whether she PhoneMail as a Major Entertainment sage at the beep"); "Dragnet" ("The even has one, is a mystery. Medium" is the"1" button. By press­ message you are about to hear is true. Back to the Campus Times. The ing 1 on the keypad when the greeting Just the facts, ma'am"); and "Hawaii same Van Beethoven Brothers, in the begins, a caller can bypass the message Five-a" ("Book 'im, Dan-a. He's not altogether and go straight to the beep; here. How about Steve-a? He's not kind of like zapping commercials on 26 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

a minute and 20 seconds of "Smile, don't mess with PhoneMail-it could Darn Ya, Smile" from Who Framed become your own worst enemy. Roger Rabbit? So they just punch 1, Sophomoric, you say? Naah. Stu­ leave a message, and get back to busi­ dents are here at this University to ex­ ness. That discovery has dramatically plore the possibilities that life has to shrunk the potential audience for offer them, and life has offered them master message-makers, and hey, who PhoneMail. Besides, if you're going to wants to play to an empty house be famous for at least 15 minutes, as anyway? Warhol predicted, then you've got to Which brings us to the Great Chain­ start practicing somewhere. mail Gridlock Episode I said I'd tell So is PhoneMail dead as an enter­ you about. It seems that last semester, tainment medium? Highly unlikely. some of those frustrated creative types, Besides, there'll be a whole new batch PhoneMail is just one of the many already jaded with PhoneMail and its of freshmen arriving next fall. No tell­ high-tech capabilities of the University's fickle audience, began experimenting ing what they'll think up. ROLM phone system. with the particulars of the PhoneMail Say- before I let you go - you want The system includes some 11,500 tele­ system. to know my nomination for the Phone­ phones, 3,900 of which transmit com­ Mail Hall of Phame? Okay, here it puter data as well as "voice" and 1,800 Now understand, this is a complex of which transmit data only (the rest are feature of a complex phone system; comes: a spirited a cappella rendition your everyday voice only). These phones the PhoneMail instructions alone take of Harry Belafonte's famed and funky answer to the growing needs of some up nearly four pages of the 13-page "Banana Boat Song," presented by 6,400 students (4,600 undergraduate and "quick reference" phone guide in the Vince Borrelli '92, an optics major. 2,000 graduate), 1,000 faculty, and 7,300 student directory. There was bound to Think swaying banana trees. Think staff- and those are just the full-timers be a major prank lurking somewhere syncopation. Think 2/4 time. Think in each category. in there. The "Append" feature was calypso. The bottom line is a phone system the catalyst; PhoneMail anarchy was as sophisticated as any in existence, any­ the result. DAY-O! DAAAAY-O! where. Each standard phone comes with You call me but I'm not ho-ome! a 36-page "Quick Reference Guide" You see, when people receive mes­ (along with a "Quick Reference Guide sages in their PhoneMail boxes, one of DAY-O! DAAAAY-O! Supplement"), explaining such features the options they can select is to for­ You call me but I'm not home as the "Camp-On" button (so you can ward those messages to another person "camp" on someone's busy line and at another campus PhoneMail box. As Leave your name at the sound of the place your call when he or she discon­ they forward their messages, they may TONE! nects) and the "Park" button (so you also append another message to the (You call me but I'm not home) can transfer a call to a busy extension originals. The next person to receive Leave a message on my PHONE! and hold it there until the line is free). the messages may also append and (You call me but I'm not home) And then there's the electronic "memo­ forward. Do that enough times, and I'll call you when I get HOME! ry" for often-dialed numbers, the ability (You call me but I'm not home) to hold conference calls with up to eight you get what students got last October parties, and the "Pick-Up" button that - a PhoneMail chain letter. lets you answer someone else's phone. So what's the problem? Consider Talk to my telephone leave-a me a There are those who claim it takes a that only a certain number of students message Ph.D. to figure it all out. But, ultimate­ can check their PhoneMail boxes at any (You call me but I'm not home) ly, the system does make life easier­ one time. If it takes 20 minutes of lis­ Talk to my telephone leave-a me a and more efficient - for a lot of people. tening to get to the end of each chain message For instance, a professor can simulta­ letter, that creates a traffic jam in the (You call me but I'm not home) neously talk on the phone and transmit PhoneMail system, and that leaves a DAY-O! Mesayday mesayday data over the same instrument. A stu­ lot of impatient and angry students mesayday mesayday dent can submit a term paper simply by unable to retrieve their messages. mesaydaaay-o! dialing the extension of a professor's personal computer, after which the pro­ What's more, a single caller at a You call me but I'm not home. fessor can read and grade the paper and single phone can forward the message send it back to the student's PC- all chain any number oftimes, sending Hey, pal, thanks for listening. The without touching a single sheet of paper. the message system-wide. During the next sound you hear will be the ... gridlock episode, chain messages spread BEEP! quickly and insidiously throughout the phone network like electronic kudzu, choking the system and bringing it to Shinji Morokuma '84, until very recently the VCR. Well, it seems not so many its knees. The system was saved only staffwriter for Rochester Review, is now people anymore are crazy enough or through quick work by fed-up students, media-relations coordinator at the Gannett bored enough to get all sweaty-eared who began deleting chain messages Foundation. A recent greeting on his an­ swering machine at home featured a "con­ sitting through a lengthy discourse from their PhoneMail boxes as they re­ sumer tip"-a recitation ofthe ingredients on the three ways to make popcorn or ceived them. Moral of this story: You in a carton ofiodized salt- which he says barely fit on his 30-second outgoing mes­ sage tape. 27 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

A few years ago several laboratories began looking at the problem in fresh Rochester ways, and Ballard and Brown decided to pursue a biological model: Instead of using powerful formulas to allow a robot to reconstruct patterns, the team would program the computer to take advantage of some of the tricks hu­ mans use to make their way through the world. The new line of investigation is sim­ ple but effective, and it is already pay­ ing dividends. "We think the biological approach is the best resource for success of the robot system," Olson says. "We want Sharp-eyed Robot In developing the robot's vision sys­ a system that can handle itself in envi­ tem, Ballard and applied mathematics ronmental situations. The vergence In 1920, in his play R.UR., the graduate student Altan Ozcandarli system is a crude image-processing Czech writer Karel Capek introduced used human depth perception as their technique - but it works. Other meth­ the robot, bearing a name he coined model: When people move their heads ods might come up with a slightly bet­ from robotnik, meaning "peasant - and at the same time keep their eyes ter picture, but it might take the robot slave." Ever since, scientists have been fixed on an object - they sense depth 20 minutes to put the picture together. working at augmenting the real-world by observing the directions in which We want something useful, that can labor force by developing humanoid the objects in front of them seem to interact with its environment." automatons. move in relation to each other. The Though depth perception and focus­ A major difficulty they have encoun­ ability to perceive depth from these ing on moving objects are important, tered has been in trying to get the ma­ movements, a capability more power­ Ballard says there are additional abili­ chines to "see"; effective robot vision ful than stereo vision, is called the ties a truly "seeing" robot would need. has remained an elusive achievement. "kinetic depth effect." Such a robot would have to be able to It has proved relatively easy to get For an example, look out a window. change quickly the focus of its gaze, to a computer to perform the same task Put your right hand in front of your track an object as it moves through a over and over, where no adaptation is face, between your eyes and the win­ diverse environment, to see within a involved. The problem has been to de­ dow. As you move your head to the greater range of light, and to process velop an interactive robot that can deal right, the more distant object (the win­ color images. with, adjust to, and contribute to a dow) seems to move in the same direc­ "This is really low-level perception changing world. Vision is an essential tion as your eyes - to the right - while work," says doctoral candidate Steve tool for this achievement. the nearer object (your hand) seems to Whitehead. "Look at animals; they That's where a team of University move in the opposite direction. Ballard aren't very smart, but they survive, and scientists comes in. Headed by com­ has taught the computer to use this they learn to deal with their environ­ puter science professors Dana Ballard knowledge to help it measure the dis­ ment. That's what we want the robot and Chris Brown, the Rochester group tance between objects. to do." has become the first to solve two basic The second problem, "vergence" Vision work is one aspect of an even problems associated with robot vision. (the ability of one's eyes to turn toward larger goal in the computer science de­ Ballard, Brown, and cohorts have or away from each other), was solved partment: artificial planning and intel­ developed a model Rochester Robot last fall by doctoral candidates Tom ligence. Once computers can "see" well that has both depth perception Olson and Robert Potter. The robot's enough, scientists plan to use such (achieved by moving its head) and the two camera eyes can now verge on an everyday playthings as balloons and ability to focus on a moving object object, moving independently of the model trains to train the machines to (achieved by turning its eyes toward or head to maintain a clear image of the "think." away from each other). object as it moves toward or away In one proposed experiment, the ro­ Ballard attributes the Rochester from the machine. bot will use a stick attached to its head team's rapid progress to a new robot For a number of years most scien­ to prevent several falling balloons from arm and head installed in the Com­ tists have approached robot vision as a hitting the floor. The experiment forces puter Studies Building last spring physics problem, using complex formu­ the robot to combine its seeing capabil­ and to powerful, newly installed par­ las and number-crunching computers ities with a decision-making process to allel computers that allow the Roch­ in an attempt to give robots the capa­ decide which balloons to attack first. ester Robot to react quickly, without bility of reconstructing the shapes of The ultimate R2D2 is still far in the lengthy pauses for analysis - an ability objects. While researchers were having future - but we're beginning to catch called "real-time image processing." success on paper, the actual robots re­ up. mained as blind as ever.

28 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

Power play: George Morrison, assistant director of student activities, gives it the old college try during the Rochester Conference power-lifting event. The 1989 Rochester Conference: about how to become a CEO. Instead, The power of language interested we tried to show how power can be Stephen Greenblatt, critic, author, and Getting a Grip on 'Power' discussed in subtle ways. It was an in­ godfather of a movement known as Chicago Tribune reporter Jon tellectual festival, a time to experiment, New Historicism which seeks to show Anderson attended last winter's third to break down walls." "that literary works are not freestand­ Rochester Conference. Following are Indeed, the topic heated up imagi­ ing esthetic objects but products of some excerpts from his report, copy­ nations in the University's catering de­ historical moments and social forma­ righted © 1988, Chicago Tribune Com­ partment, which mounted a "Power tions." Addressing "Kidnaping and pany, all rights reserved, used with Dinner" in the Susan B. Anthony dor­ Language in the New World," Green­ permission. mitory, offering such "aphrodisiacs" as blatt noted that early English explorers Knowledge is power, philosopher eels and peaches. Campus movie halls seldom tried to master local tongues. Francis Bacon once observed, a showed power-struggle movies, among Instead, using the power of guns, they thought that was considerably expand­ them "Cool Hand Luke" and "East carted natives back to England to ed [in January] at the University of of Eden." Student and faculty weight teach them English and, by extension, Rochester. At an eight-day conference lifters competed in dead lifts and push make them spreaders of English ways. called "Power," 10,000 people showed presses. Folk singer Pete Seeger, an ad­ "Language is the companion of em­ up for 80 events, including lectures, vocate of banjo-power, strode across pire," Greenblatt noted. "Cooperation readings, dances, exhibitions, and campus, his case bearing the motto: became co-option, because there was carillon recitals. "This machine surrounds hate and nothing reciprocal. The English ig­ Designed to jump-start the Universi­ forces it to surrender." nored most of what they could learn." ty's spring semester, the annual Roch­ Another hit, from an entertain­ More subtle forms of power were ester Conference brings together poets ment point of view, was James Randi, examined by several literary lights, in­ and physicians, philosophers and pale­ a magician who specializes in debunk­ cluding Marge Piercey, the author of ontologists, anthropologists, musicians, ing charlatans. Winner in 1986 of a nine novels and 11 books of poetry and mathematicians to playoff a single MacArthur Foundation "genius grant" containing, according to her introduc­ theme. Last year it was "On Time," to of $272,000, the "Amazing Randi" tion, "true accounts of our battles on encourage students to look beyond showed how some power, such as that the fields of race, generation, class, their wrists by suggesting new ways to of psychic spoon-benders and faith­ and sex." think about time. "This year," said healers, is spurious. He told of one "Sometimes power is simply the University dean Ruth Freeman, the case in which a backstage assistant power to eliminate nuisances," Piercey University's point person on the proj­ funneled information through a con­ said between poems, suggesting that ect, "we chose 'power,' first of all be­ cealed receiver into the ear of an evan­ all telephone answering machines be cause it was an election period. " gelist who shouted to a limping person, programmed to say, in a gruff voice, Beyond that, Freeman said: "Under­ "God tells me your knees are bother­ "Whaddya want?" graduates have a habit of dividing their ing you!" Power metaphors, several speakers world up into work and play, and most noted, often worm their way into other students initially thought this was

29 Rochester Review/Spring 1989 disciplines, creating a kind of "bigness usually less than enthusiastic, ranging bias. " from" 'Why me?'" to "'Please define In mathematics, for example, the jump' or 'How about hopping or skip­ number"10 to the 5th power" some­ ping?' or 'Have you filled out an envi­ how seems impressive, perhaps because ronmental impact statement?' " "power" is used instead of a more neu­ Power struggles often lead to war. tral term, such as "10 to the 5th flower­ But one speaker, [former Rochester petal. " faculty member] Bruce Bueno de Gaining power is seldom easy. Dur­ Mesquita, senior fellow at Stanford ing a session on job hunting, Adam University's Hoover Institution, noted Urbanski ['69, '75G], president of the that "war in fact, can be useful," that Rochester Teachers Association, re­ conflicts have "stopped evil people, membered Winston Churchill's admo­ such as slave-traders and Nazis, from nition, "Success is nothing more than doing evil things." going from failure to failure with un­ Strangely, de Mesquita added, the diminished enthusiasm." Others, such percentage of wars won by the side "Sometimes power is simply the power to elim­ as former White House chief of staff, that has the larger forces has been inate nuisances," declared novelist and poet Donald Regan, appeared to enjoy the steadily dropping, from 80 percent in Marge Piercey. Like knowing how to tone down process. Victorian times to 50 percent after an overpowerful mike? "As I think of the concept of power, World War II, perhaps because sheer at least three words come to mind: military force can be outweighed by courses. One group tackled gender force, authority and freedom," said determination, as in Vietnam. problems, pondering the topic, "If men Regan, whose memoirs, For the Rec­ Defining "power" is difficult, ob­ have power, why should they give it ord: From Wall Street to Washington, served Vanderbilt University political up?" Another, led by a mechanical were on sale at the campus bookstore. scientist Jean Elshtain, noting that its engineer, studied ancient power, specif­ Regan recalled his World War II days meanings, evoking images of legality, ically how Romans built things. as a combat Marine officer in the brute force, creative energy, and con­ Elsewhere on campus, they got to South Pacific, times when "power rep­ trol, fill three columns in the Oxford hear and talk with theologian James resented the force I was part of, the English Dictionary. H. Cone; Gail Godwin, author of A authority I had, at age 26, leading 1,200 One problem in public power strug­ Southern Family; and science-fiction men who called me 'the Old Man.' gles, she added, is that leaders often re- writers Orson Scott Card and Robert Forward, a florid-faced man in a white suit who said: "I want to go to the stars. Do you want to come with me?" A physicist with Hughes Aircraft Co. who retired to write and consult, Forward proposed using the thrust from clumps of anti-matter the size of grains of sand to launch space shuttles. "When?" one student asked. "If we put money into it," Forward replied, "30 years." Many agreed that personal power­ whether it involves clout, influence, .....-_~Hna~ prestige or authority- involves asking ____ good questions, shaping energies and Debunker (and MacArthur "genius grant" holder) James "The Amazing" Randi demonstrates the focusing on goals. It's often hard. illusory power of mystics who claim to move objects by mesmerizing them with their powerful Pete Seeger, talking to students in a baby blues. So how do you shift the pencil without laying a finger on it? That's easy. Just surrep­ dormitory common room, recalled titiously blow a bit. walking the streets of New York trying to raise funds. "I told a group of peo­ Similarly, "when I was chief executive define the underlying arguments. ple, 'We're trying to clean up the river,' officer of Merrill Lynch, I was accus­ Thus, she said, the American civil and one of them asked, 'What river?' tomed, as many in business are, to rights movement lost power "as it de­ They'd seen the Mississippi on TV, but people jumping when I asked them to." scended from a moral issue to another they didn't know that the Hudson was Less happy was his time in Washing­ form of interest-group politics." a half a mile away." ton, a subject on which, he said, "I During the week, Rochester students Others offered their own views of speak with some scar tissue." In gov­ also got to choose from a dozen mini- roads to power. On a wall in the stu­ ernment, Regan found that when he dent union, someone had crayoned a issued commands the responses were modern version of an ancient Greek maxim: "Be Yourself. It's a Dirty Job, But Someone's Got To Do It."

30 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

Family Ties, Sibling Strings dition to performing together, David, Phillip, and Tim share living quarters "One advantage of working with in an apartment around the corner your family is that there aren't any sur­ from the school. Freshman Janet, the prises. You know what you're getting quietest of the four, has her own space, into." in the Eastman dorm. "How," asks "Yeah, we already knew all our nasty Tim in mock horror, "would you like habits before we ever agreed to play to­ to go away to school and have to live gether. " there with three older brothers?" That's how the members of the Eastman School's family foursome­ the Ying Quartet- explain, to a back­ Testing a New DPT Vaccine ground of cheerful guffaws, their sib­ Many parents of infants worry about ling harmony. the possible side effects of a vaccine A lot of siblings would consider known as DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, working together a fate worse than tetanus) - but choose to risk these side death. But Eastman students David, effects rather than the diseases them­ Timothy, Phillip, and Janet Ying think selves. otherwise. Their family ties, they will Such worries could someday be a assure you, are among their greatest thing of the past, thanks in part to a assets. The Ying strings (clockwise from top): East­ study now under way at the School The four members of the Ying fami­ man students Tim, David, Janet, and Phillip of Medicine and Dentistry. Under ly of Winnetka, Illinois - string players the guidance of pediatrician Michael all- found themselves together at East­ Beth El in January and have been in­ Pichichero, a clinical associate profes­ man this year as the result of four vited to perform at the Midwest Band sor here, some 120 healthy babies in more or less unrelated choices. David, and Orchestra Clinic in Chicago. the Rochester area will participate in a 25, the quartet's cellist, is a second­ Their hectic performing and academic study of a new DPT vaccine that pro­ year doctoral candidate. Tim, 23, first schedules are supplemented by weekly duces far fewer adverse reactions than violinist, is just beginning his graduate coaching sessions with the Cleveland the one now in use. studies. Phillip, 20, violist, is an eco­ Quartet, the Eastman School's re­ DPT has been implicated in a varie­ nomics-to-music transfer from Har­ nowned string quartet-in-residence. ty of reactions, ranging from fever, vard. Janet, 19, second violinist, is a The Yings admit that there are prob­ swelling, and persistent crying to sei­ freshman. lems and pressures involved in belong­ zures, high-pitched shrieking, shock, The Yings have been playing togeth­ ing to a quartet - and a family quartet brain damage, and even death. The er, informally, for a number of years, at that - and they don't look for easy problem is the pertussis (whooping "entertaining family friends and earn­ solutions. "But we can't stop being sib­ cough) part of the formula, manufac­ ing a quick buck at a reception every lings," says David. "Even if the quartet tured in the U.S. from "whole" cells of now and then." Once they realized broke up, we would still have to deal pertussis bacteria. The vaccine to be they were all going to be at the same with each other; so we might as well tested is "acellular" - that is, the vac­ place at the same time, it was a case of make it work." cine is made outside the bacteria cells "Hey, why not play quartets again?" Tim confesses that "we know how by culturing the bacteria and then re­ They chose the no-frills designation to fight really well," and then speaks moving them from the solution, mak­ Ying Quartet, because, explains Phillip, more seriously about the communica­ ing for a purer vaccine with virtually any other logical name "contained too tions gap he encounters when playing no toxins. much rhyming." with others. Phillip adds, "We do get The study will be carried out by the Superb together, the Yings have a lot more done at rehearsals - maybe medical school's pediatric infectious distinguished themselves individually it's because we're not as formal with disease and immunology division. as well; they have won prizes in such one another." Rochester is one of eight sites nation­ competitions as the Naumburg, Wash­ Formal they are not. Sitting in a wide for the tests, which will involve ington International, and Coleman, room with the four of them is like be­ 1,000 infants. and earned accolades as soloists with ing at the family supper table. Their such orchestras as the Chicago Sym­ mutual affection is clear, and they're phony, the Chicago Civic, and the banking on that to keep them together Rochester Philharmonic. in a field where chamber groups all too As a quartet they are already busy frequently disband as the result of per­ with recitals and concerts; they made sonal disputes. "We hope it will work their local debut at Rochester's Temple for a long, long time," says David. The biggest problem, they concede, may be too much togetherness. In ad-

31 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

, ; ~'./. V A visit with "Gram": What do you do when you've gone off to college and left your whole family behind? Some Rochester students have found a way to fill the void by taking on an honorary grandparent.* Sponsored by the Campus Y and Hillel, the Adopt-A-Grandparent program matches up stu­ dents with local nursing-home residents of similar tastes and interests - for instance, Mildred Levinson and Suzanne Kieffer '92, pictured above dur­ ing one of their weekly schmoozes. In the words of another adopted grandmom, Jewish Home resident Pauline Weinberger, "Let me tell you, when those young people walk in here, this place turns into a love spot." *For an alternative solution, see page 31.

Admitting Success "We're now [mid-March] at 7,126, program that offers selected students a versus 6,900 for last year at this time," tuition-free fifth year] and University This year, applications to most col­ reports director of admissions Ann Day [class-and-Iab-free Wednesday leges and universities are down appre­ Wright '63, '66G, '71G. She adds that afternoons that permit the exploration ciably (the Ivy League schools, for early-decision applications - from of other options] and they're impressed instance, are down anywhere from 5 those applying early to Rochester as just by the beauty of the campus," to 18 percent). Yet applications to their first and only choice - are up as says Wright. "Their counselors call me Rochester - for the Class of 1993 at well. back and say, 'What are you doing at the River Campus and the School of The reason for the success? Rochester? All our students are raving Nursing - are up between 3 and 4 per­ "What has worked for us is that about their visits!' People are finding cent. people come here and are impressed out about us through word of mouth." What's more, those numbers are at with our students' enthusiasm, with The profile of students applying to record highs for the fourth year in a such innovations as "Take Five" [the Rochester is changing as well, says row. Wright.

32 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

"What we're seeing is a decline in Whether or not Forester will receive Courses" category. Rochester courses students who are interested in engi­ a letter in return - an offer of admis­ "Bombs and Rockets" (National Secur­ neering, which reflects a national trend. sion that is - remains to be seen, says ity Policy) and "Food and Famine" What is unusual for us - as we're often Wright. Offers for some 1,125 spots in (World Population and Resources) perceived as a science and engineering the Class of 1993 were sent out in late were listed along with creative sobri­ school- is that we're seeing a major March and early April, after Rochester quets from other schools like "Heroes increase in those interested in the lib­ Review went to press. for Zeros," "Clapping for Credit," and eral arts. "Self-Torture and Anxiety." However, "We're also up in women's appli­ The Hole in the Library Card Alma Mater noted, "virtually every cations: 3 percent over last year, and colle.ge has a geology course students those are significant numbers." Women And Other Little-Known Facts have labeled 'Rocks for Jocks,'" which now make up 44 percent of Rochester's Perched before a computerized Rochester- ah yes - does also. larger applicant pool. "card catalog" terminal, effortlessly With these growing numbers ofappli­ searching the library holdings for cri­ Bone-Marrow Transplant cations come many more "innovative" tiques of Moby Dick or back issues applications - in the form of home of Limnology and Oceanography or Center Opens videos, tapes of musical or dance per­ whatnot, University library patrons A new, 12-bed bone-marrow trans­ formances, snapshots of art work, owe a considerable debt to Otis Hall plant unit- the only one in upstate boxes of homemade fudge, or anything Robinson (Class of 1861), grandfather New York offering allogeneic (donated) that might stand out among the piles of sorts to this latest wrinkle in library transplants - opened at Strong Memo­ of forms on an admissions officer's modernization. rial Hospital in January. desk. We found out about Robinson by According to Dr. Marshall A. Licht­ Last year, for instance, an enterpris­ leafing through a copy of Alma Mater, man '66R, president of the American ing Len Prokopets '92 sent along with recently published by Peterson's Guides Society of Hematology and academic his forms an original cartoon encour­ as a compendium of "unusual stories dean of the School of Medicine and aging his admission and a little rubber and little-known facts from America's Dentistry, allogeneic bone-marrow stamp bearing the hopeful words, "UR college campuses." transplants are now an important op­ accepts Len." (Yep, the University used It seems that back when real card tion for those suffering from aplastic it.) catalogs still ruled the libraries, Robin­ anemia, acute and chronic leukemia, And this year, Scott Forester of son invented the hole in the cards for and related disorders. Marshfield, Massachusetts, enclosed a the retaining rod to go through. "This "Bone-marrow transplants may offer letter written in 1822 by a Rochester simple but brilliant idea made library the best chance of long-term remission woman, Almira Badger, to her sister catalogs available to students and fac­ and possible cure for several of these Sabra Permani in Albany. In the letter ulty, since librarians no longer had to diseases," he says. He cites recent re­ - now in the library's Department of worry about the cards becoming dis­ search indicating that patients with Rare Books and Special Collections­ arranged," says the Alma Mater ac­ aplastic anemia stand an 80 to 90 per­ Badger urges her sister to visit Roch­ count. cent chance of nearly normal bone­ ester via the Erie Canal, which she The University gets its fair share of marrow function after undergoing says will "be very pleasant when it is other prominent mentions in the new transplantation. Children and adults through to your place." book. Some of the "little-known facts" who have undergone transplants for The letter was Forester's way of in­ many Yellowjackets already know leukemia and who remain disease-free troducing the subject of his applica­ about, like the famous "feathers" in­ for three years may be considered tion essay, namely, his efforts to pre­ cident during a 1952 concert at the cured. serve Thoreau's Walden Pond from Eastman Theatre (when, "timed to the Bone-marrow transplants have in­ destruction. The link between the let­ second," a cloud of duck feathers creased more than 200 percent in the ter and Walden is the time period in descended from the ceiling at the first United States and more than 300 per­ which both were written - a time when cannon clap in the 1812 Overture). cent worldwide in the last five years. postage stamps hadn't been invented, Among the facts we were unaware There are now more than 70 transplant the Erie Canal was yet to be complet­ of is Rochester's place, in recent years, programs nationwide, about double ed, and the mill village that is now among colleges enrolling the most that of 1983. Rochester had only recently been in­ winners in the Westinghouse Science After a lengthy process of reviewing corporated as a city. Talent Search, "the Nobel Prize for applications from hospitals through­ The contrast between then and now, high school scientists," as Alma Mater out the state, the New York State De­ wrote Forester, is underlined by the sad puts it. Rochester is tied for 10th, with partment of Health selected Strong in state of Walden Pond today, surround­ Penn. December 1987 as the site of the state's ed by bath houses and a town dump, The University also made the book newest transplantation unit. The facil­ which prompted him to initiate a bill, under the "Student Nicknames for ity is named for the late Samuel E. now before the Massachusetts legisla­ Durand, a benefactor of the Medical ture, to make the pond a wildlife sanc­ Center. tuary.

33 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

thing was clearly keeping them there. composing dark matter were to be And in the 1970s, when stars at the found, "the occasion would be as mo­ NEWSCLIPS outside edges of the Milky Way and mentous as the discovery in 1965 of from the national media other spiral galaxies were found to be the universe's microwave background, orbiting faster than theory would pre­ the fossil echo of the Big Bang itself," dict, it was thought that individual says Discover. Readers ofnational publications, as galaxies also harbored a reservoir of well as ofscientijic and professional unseen matter whose gravity kept their journals, regularly come across refer­ stars from escaping. The San Francisco Examiner ences to the scholarly activities-and More than a dozen groups around professional judgments- ofpeople the globe are now looking for the at the University. Following is a cross elusive subatomic particles that are section ofsome ofthose you might thought to compose dark matter. have seen within recent months: There's a long line of suspects: for ex­ ample, axions (particles whimsically named after a laundry detergent, pos­ Business Week sibly more than a trillion times lighter Once again, Business Week has than electrons) and WIMPs ("weakly ranked the William E. Simon Gradu­ interacting massive particles") - not to ate School of Business Administration mention a variety of odd candidates among the top 20 M.B.A. schools in like "boson stars," "quark nuggets," the nation. and "shadow matter," as well as a per­ In a story that was reported nation­ petual contender known as "the mag­ wide, from USA Today to The Los netic monopole" (a still-theoretical Angeles Times, Rochester was ranked particle that carries only a north or a 20th in a survey based on a poll of south magnetic charge, but not both). corporate recruiters and a random poll The axion is the odds-on favorite of of about 3,000 1988 graduates of 23 scientists at the Brookhaven National schools often found on "top-20" lists. Laboratory on Long Island (Rochester This year, Northwestern's Kellogg is one of nine members in the lab's School was the favorite of corporate consortium). A team of physicists recruiters and garnered some of the there has built an axion detector con­ highest grades from graduates. Har­ sisting of a copper cylinder, surround­ vard, Dartmouth (Tuck), and Penn ed by a superconducting magnet, de­ (Wharton) were ranked second, third, signed to resonate at microwave fre­ and fourth, respectively. quencies. If an axion passes through the cylinder, the magnet should make it decay, producing microwaves that Nordeen and her finches Discover Magazine would cause it to resonate. As with the Dark Lady of Shake­ In theory, that is - but after two years If brain cells continue growing and speare's sonnets, "dark matter" is be­ of searching, Brookhaven researchers migrating within the brains of some lieved to be real, but has never been have yet to find a signal. This isn't sur­ adult birds, as recent research has identified. prising, says Bruce Moscowitz '80 of shown, could the same hold true for And there's the rub. "Experimenters Rochester's Department of Physics and humans? around the world are panning for celes­ Astronomy, a collaborator on the proj­ That is, can we change our minds­ tial gold," reports Discover magazine, ect: "It's as if we're looking for a spe­ literally? "hoping to snare the so-called dark cific station on a radio that has five "That's a question we are all inter­ matter that astrophysicists insist per­ million channels." ested in," says Rochester psychologist vades the cosmos - although they've Not to be deterred, Moscowitz and Kathy Nordeen, who together with her never seen it." colleagues are scanning frequencies husband, fellow psychologist Ernest Almost all astronomers agree that from one to six gigahertz, using cop­ Nordeen, is studying the neurobiology it's there (in fact, there's thought to be per cylinders of different sizes and re­ of a type of bird called the zebra finch. more of it than ordinary matter) but positioning a sapphire rod in each to The key terms here are "brain plas­ they can detect it only by its gravita­ subtly adjust the frequency. ticity" - the ability to generate new tional influence on visible matter. In The significance of their search is brain cells and connections in adult­ the 1930s, Fritz Zwicky of Caltech such that, if one axion or any particle hood - and "neurogenesis" - the birth noticed that galaxies in clusters were of brain cells. Recent studies on adult moving around so fast that they birds have shown links between neuro- should, by rights, not stay in their clusters at all. He surmised that some-

34 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

genesis and the ability to learn a new terval between the arrival at a given to work with Ted Kennedy in forging a song, raising the question of whether point of two photons - the particles major jobs-training bill in 1982. Fenno human brains also possess such plas­ that comprise a beam of light. The traces Quayle's evolution from a bored, ticity, and, if so, what implications this pair measured the interval between the undistinguished congressman to a hard­ has for treating such conditions as photons to an accuracy of about one working, seasoned U.S. senator. Writes strokes and Parkinson's disease. femtosecond, which translates to a bil­ David Broder in the Washington Post, Nordeen holds out little promise: lionth of a millionth of a second. "The sympathetic portrait shows a "At the present time, I don't think Researchers at the Laboratory for politician more flexible in tactics and there is any evidence of neurogenesis Laser Energetics (LLE) also earned a less rigid in his views than the vice in the human brain." spot in year-in-review literature. LLE presidential candidate was portrayed in But some scientists interpret the scientists were cited, also in Physics the 1988 campaign, a legislator who research otherwise. Today as well as in Science News, for believes 'you don't get anywhere if you The Nordeens' more recent work, compressing a deuterium-tritium fuel are hung up on purity.'" writes researcher Peter Marler in capsule to between 100 and 200 times Such comments make conservatives Nature, "increases the probability" the fuel's liquid density. This milestone, nervous, writes the Washington, D.C., that the alleged link between neuro­ reached in March of 1988, marked the weekly Human Events: "Conservatives genesis and bird songs is real. highest density achieved that has ever are still waiting for Quayle to prove been directly measured. he's still one of them." Nevertheless, a Quayle spokesman Psychology Today says that Fenno did a "conscientious, "We are part of a society in which Human Events scholarly, objective job." Writing in poets extol 'the silent manliness of The New York Times, NPR national grief' and women are expected to pro­ political correspondent Linda Wert­ vide shoulders for one another to cry heimer agrees, calling the book a on." So notes a Psychology Today "thoughtful account of Mr. Quayle's article on gender-related reactions to early career and his major legislative grief, which points out that "most re­ successes. " searchers say that men and women share equal feelings of pain and grief, but, overall, women use their social­ Washington Post support systems to help them through "Obviously, this is a demanding mourning, and men do not." work that takes time to absorb, but Among the studies cited to support one definitely worth the effort," writes this view was recent research by Ruth Post reviewer Pamela Sommers of O'Brien, associate professor of nurs­ Symphony No. 1 by Christopher Rouse, ing, which found that, generally, when associate professor of composition at dealing with grief women continued to the Eastman School of Music. talk about their loss while men pre­ Rouse's composition recently gar­ ferred to avoid the subject. nered the $5,000 first prize in the Ken­ O'Brien's study also suggested that nedy Center's prestigious Friedheim althoueh having networks of family competition, a new award recognizing and friends did not decrease the stress new American orchestral works. The felt by widowed men and women, "it symphony was chosen from among 95 did help them over time to cope better entries performed at the Kennedy Cen­ with the ongoing day-to-day changes ter last fall by Philadelphia's Curtis In­ and adjustments" in their lives. "Some of the New Right people stitute Orchestra. really want to turn the clock back ... "Of the four works selected for pub­ on affirmative action, and all the civil lic performance, [Rouse's] was the least Physics Today rights gains. There's no way they're go­ accessible but, in this listener's opinion, Advances by two Rochester research ing to do that. We won't let them." the most powerful of the lot," the re­ groups have been cited as top science­ Michael Dukakis speaking? Ted viewer continues. news stories of 1988 by this leading Kennedy? "The innovation lies in the way that national journal. Two other journals Surprisingly, it's Vice President Dan he develops and sustains a troubling, made the same picks. Quayle, as quoted in The Making ofa almost tragic mood - through novel in­ Work with photons by Leonard Senator: Dan Quayle (Congressional strumentallayerings, a sure sense of Mandel, professor of physics and as­ Quarterly Press, 1988), a widely re­ dynamic raging and release and an tronomy, and Zhe-Yu Ou, a doctoral viewed new book by Richard Fenno, ability to infuse an adagio movement candidate in physics, made the top­ Kenan Professor of Political Science. with rhythmic vitality." news list in both Physics Today and Fenno's book offers many revela­ Optics News. tions on the young Republican senator The Rochester physicists' accom­ who bucked the Reagan Administration plishment: measuring, more accurately than anyone else ever had, the time in-

35 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

ing his appointment. "I'll be sitting in timed at 0:07.34 seconds. Hojnicki a chair once occupied by great coaches finished fifth in the 800-Meter Run SPORTS and people. I hope I can occupy it with with a clocking of 2:18.25. as much dignity and success." Lyon, a freshman, helped Rochester Parrinello is listed among nine dif­ win the University Athletic Associa­ ferent categories in Yellowjacket foot­ tion indoor championships two weeks ball records. He owns three records before the NCAA meet. Lyon won Football's New Head Coach: outright: the most points scored in a three events outright and was a mem­ Rich Parrinello '72 career (220), the most touchdowns in ber of the winning 1,600-Meter Relay a career (36), and the highest average team, scoring 40.5 of Rochester's 136 yards per catch for pass receiving (21.3 points. The Yellowjackets easily out­ yards) in a career. The Associated distanced Washington University in St. Press designated him a Small College Louis, 136-68, for the title. Lyon won All-American in his junior and senior the 55-Meter Hurdles, the Triple Jump, years. and the Long Jump. The event marked His challenge at Rochester is to the second year in a row that Roches­ maintain a Yellowjacket winning streak ter won the UAA title. of 8 and 2 this year and 9 and 2 last Another member of the Class of year. Happily, he has the home advan­ 1992 was a key figure in Rochester's tage, so to speak: According to offen­ performance at the Women's Swim­ sive lineman Randy Bordeau '89, "A ming and Diving Championships. lot of players were hoping he'd come Monica Farren, a freshman, finished back." with six separate All-America acco­ lades. The Jackets compiled 49 points, the highest total ever for Rochester at Winter Sports Wrap-Up the NCAA Division III Champion­ The women's track-and-field team ships, and finished in 20th place. ran off with second-place national Farren earned All-America honors honors this year, scoring 31 points at for the 50-Yard Freestyle, the l00-Yard the NCAA Division III Champion­ Freestyle, and the 100-Yard Butterfly on ships and coming in second only to an individual basis. She was the anchor Christopher Newport College's 56 leg on two All-America relays (the 800­ points. The second-place finish was the Yard Freestyle and the 200-Yard Free­ highest ever for Rochester. style) and swam the opening leg of the Graduate student Josefa Benzoni All-America 400-Yard Freestyle Relay. '88 won two individual championships The Yellowjacket swim team set five in her final collegiate event: She won different varsity records at nationals. the 1,500-Meter Run for the second Farren rewrote the books in the 50-Yard Rochester's football rivals had better year in a row and captured the 3,000­ Freestyle when she was clocked in beware. Rich Parrinello is back. Meter Run as well. Clocking in a time 0:24.62 seconds, placing her seventh Truth is, the new head coach for of 4:30.38 in the 1,500, she finished among all finishers. She was sixth in Yellowjacket football is back twice over. nearly four seconds ahead of her near­ the 100-Yard Freestyle with a time of From 1984 to 1988, Parrinello was as­ est competitor. In the 3,000-Meter Run 0:53.48, another varsity record. The sistant football coach here. And before she finished in 9:37.46, nearly two and 800-Yard Freestyle Relay team of Amy that, he played on the team- from 1969 one-half seconds ahead of the runner­ Stevenson, Erica Nilsson, Kirsta Leale, to 1971, when he earned three school up. and Farren set a varsity record (8:03.96), records, helped set six more, and was Benzoni also ran the second leg of as did the 200-Yard Freestyle team of twice named All-American. Rochester's 1,600-Meter Relay team Nilsson, Stevenson, Pam Langley, and Parrinello returns to Rochester from that finished second nationally. The Farren (1:41.98). That quartet also set the top coaching job at the University other teammates were Lesa Hojnicki, a record in the 400-Yard Freestyle Re­ of Chicago, where he coached a 3-6 Jessica Lyon, and Natalie Anderson. lay (3:42.08). season in 1988. He's replacing Ray Hojnicki and Anderson were both All of the relay swimmers won All­ Tellier, now head coach at Columbia dual All-America winners. Anderson America honors in addition to Farren's University. was second in the 55-Meter Dash, individual plaudits, collectively ending "It is a proud and humbling mo­ up with a total of 19 All-America cita­ ment for me," said the new coach at tions. the March press conference announc-

36 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

Russia - Pathways of Peter the Great­ July 18-31 Moscow and Leningrad, with 7 nights aboard MIS Kirov for cruise of Neva and Rochester Svir rivers and Lakes Onega and Ladoga, including visits to Kizhi Island, Petro­ zavodsk, and Valaam Island, plus 2 nights in Berlin. This is a "white nights" visit to TRAVELERS the Karelia region in northwestern Russia, newly opened to Westerners. $3,000-3,445 from NYC. Group fares from Rochester.

Cultures of Eastern Europe - July 28-August 11 Berlin (3), Warsaw (3), Cracow (2), Budapest (2), and Vienna (3). Experience the present in a region from which much of our intellectual and cultural heritage de­ University ofRochester Alumni Tours rived, and which has experienced such dev­ are planned with two primary objectives: astating upheaval and remarkable recovery educational enrichment and the establish­ in the 20th century. A new itinerary to old ment ofcloser ties among alumni and places. All meals in Poland and full break­ between alumni and the University. fasts elsewhere, air from Berlin to Warsaw, Programs are designed to provide worry­ deluxe motorcoach Warsaw to Cracow to free basics such as transportation, trans­ Budapest, hydrofoil on Danube to Vienna, All smiles: The women's indoor track team fers, accommodations, some meals, bag­ and orientation tours in all cities included. finished second (behind Christopher Newport gage handling, and professional guides, $3,095 from JFK. Group arrangements College) at the NCAA Division III Champion­ and still allow for personal exploration of from Rochester. individual interests. ships in March, the best finish in Yellowjacket Escorts, drawn from the University fac­ Canadian Rockies - August 3D-September 10 history. They are: front row, Anita Acre, L.esa ulty and staff, provide special services and An ll-night program which includes Hojnicki, Natalie Anderson; back row, Josefa features that add both personal and edu­ Vancouver, Victoria, Lake Louise (Chateau Benzoni, Jackie Blackett (head coach), and cational enrichment. Lake Louise), Jasper (Sawridge Hotel), and Jessica Lyon. All members ofthe University com­ Banff (Banff Springs Hotel), a relaxing and munity are eligible to participate in these scenic tour-transfers, all breakfasts, and One further record-breaking accom­ tours. Non-associated relatives and friends 10 dinners, plus city tours of Vancouver plishment deserves mention: Senior are welcome as space permits. Those who and Victoria. $2,495 from Rochester or Jonathan Jones concluded his Yellow­ have no direct connection with the Uni­ NYC; $2,075 from Vancouver, with attrac­ jacket basketball career having acquired versity - other than spouses, dependent tive air supplements from major cities to children, or parents ofalumni and current Vancouver and return from Calgary. ownership of 23 individual Rochester students- will be requested to make a tax­ records. Jones broke most of the marks deductible donation of$50 to the Univer­ Wings Over the Nile - October 7-20 in his senior year, among them career sity. Two weeks and the best of Egypt, with scoring (1,931 points) and rebounding Prices are current best estimates, subject key transfers by air. Cairo (Giza), Alexan­ (982). He was All-UAA, All-ECAC, to final tariffs and significant fluctuations dria, Suez Canal flyover, St. Catherine's and All-East (this last picked by the in international exchange rates. Monastery at the foot of Mt. Moses in the National Association of Basketball For further information or detailed mail­ Sinai, Nile River Cruise with visits to Luxor Coaches). ers (as they become available) on any of and tombs of the West Bank, Edfu, Kom the trips announced, contact the Office of ambo, and Aswan, and Abu Simbel. An Alumni Affairs, University ofRochester, exciting encounter with antiquity. $3,499 Winter Scoreboard Rochester, NY 14627, (716) 275-3684. from NYC. Group arrangements from Rochester. Men's Basketball: 17-10 Women's Basketball: 11-13 Gota Kanal, Sweden and Norway­ Vikings, Czars, and Emperors­ Men's Swimming: 9-2, 3rd at UAAs June 20-July 2 October 28-November 12 Women's Swimming: 5-2, 2nd at The highlight of this unique Scandi­ From NYC to Copenhagen (3), Moscow UAAs, 20th at NCAAs navian itinerary is a 3-night cruise on (2), Beijing (3), Xian (2), Hong Kong (3), Squash: 3-13 Sweden's "Blue Ribbon" (the Gota Kanal) and return via San Francisco. Perspective Women's Track: 1st at UAAs, 2nd at from the Baltic to the North Sea. Also, 3 from the Mermaid to the Kremlin; to the NCAAs nights in Stockholm, 2 in Gothenburg, and Great Wall, Temple of Heaven, and Forbid­ Men's Track: 2nd at UAAs 3 in Oslo. Unending scenery, history, galler­ den City; to a mythical army of 7,000 terra ies and museums with ghosts of Vikings, cotta soldiers and horses; to the singular and long daylight hours will flavor this scene from Victoria Peak and the bustle program. Deluxe hotels, Scandinavian of Hong Kong, in an unbelievably manage­ breakfasts, all cruise meals, transfers, and able Round-the-World program. Over-the­ luggage handling included. This one is dif­ water flights on SAS and Cathay Pacific, ferent. $3,145-$3,445 from NYC. Lowest­ two of the world's finest airlines. Many price domestic connections will be arranged. inclusions. $3,595 from NYC to San Fran­ cisco; favorable group and individual domestic connections available.

37 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

...J ...J UJ Z Z ALUMNI ::> f- 5 z <: ~ Cosmic Coup ~hen we caught up with University of Chicago astrophysicist Don Lamb '74G - a man who ordinarily theorizes about the nature of mysterious celestial phenomena - he had just emerged victorious after grappling with a particularly vexing, earth­ Hu~anizing the artist may be "the great­ bound pr?blem: Where to find a swimming est achievement of this fine, richly illustrat­ cap for hiS young son in the middle of win­ ed biography," writes The New York Times. ter in Chicago. Says Publishers Weekly, "Baldwin unmasks The same ingenuity with which he locat­ ~M~n. Ray's] quirks in a model biography­ ed the out-of-season headgear no doubt ~udlcl~us, ~om'pulsively readable, rooting played a starring role in another recent dis­ Its subject In hiS cultural milieu.... [It] is covery of his that has the astronomic and a remarkable feat of sleuthing." astrophysical types all abuzz. Lamb and What makes the feat even more remark­ his colleagues reported in January that able is that Baldwin wrote the 373-page they have finally deduced the long-sought book- footnotes and all-while working Portrait of the Artist source of cosmic gamma-ray bursts - one The images are incongruous, puzzling: full time as manager of the annual fund of nature's most powerful events - that has an enormous pair of lips suspended in the for the New York Public Library (he takes eluded hundreds of other scientists for Parisian sky, an everyday household flatiron proper pride in having raised $45 million in more than 20 years. Lamb and team devel­ sprouting tacks from its base, a woman's the library's recent campaign). Writing the oped a theoretical model that presents back adorned with the "f-holes" of a vio­ book was "an act of survival" for him he what he calls "convincing evidence" that lin, a ticking metronome with a photo of say.s, helping "to balance the heavy in;ti­ the gamma rays can only be generated by tutlOnal responsibility" he carries at the a human eye affixed to its "ticker" with a neutron stars. It is an accomplishment akin paper clip. library. for instance, to discovering the source of ' Indeed, the art of the Dada-Surrealist Baldwin, who holds a Ph.D. in English the Nile. M~n Ra~ has been criticized as opaquely from SUNY Buffalo, has published several Gamma-ray bursts are hugely powerful bo.o~s emgmatlc- as elusive as the artist himself. of poetry as well as a biography of blasts of energy lasting from seconds to as WIlham Carlos Williams, To AllGentleness. Which could pose a daunting prospect to long as ~ ~i?ute whose total luminosity­ "The point is, I have to be a writer' I must biographers. ~y though InvIsible to the human eye - is But not to Neil Baldwin '69, who says he write in order to survive, to keep mind 100,000 times "brighter" than all the light and my imagination active," he says. was "thrilled" when Juliet Man Ray, the from th~ sun. They were accidentally dis­ artist's widow, gave him the go-ahead to Writing has been a matter of survival for covered In 1967 by scientists at Los Alamos write MAN RAJ-: American Artist (New family members as well, it seems: Bald­ N~tional Laboratory who were using radi­ York: Clarkson N. Potter), the first full­ win's wife is Roberta Plutzik Baldwin '69 atIOn detectors to monitor Russian adher­ scale biography of Man Ray by an Amer­ currently an editor for the Bergen (New ' ence to the Khrushchev/Kennedy Limited ican writer. Jersey) Record, and her father is the late Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. In his introduction to the book, Baldwin Hyam Plutzik, the revered poet and Roch­ Nearly a thousand bursts have been de­ ester English professor. Baldwin recalls writes that "history (to borrow Stephen t~cted si~ce that t~me, but their origin, un­ Dedalus's haunting phrase) was a night­ that he and his wife met at the University tIl Lamb s theoretical work, has remained a mare from which Man Ray was trying to as freshmen, when they were "on line at profound mystery. "It's been like being in a awake.... Painter, photographer, film­ the me.n's dining center." His parents, too darkened room, seeing a flash of light from make.r, printmaker, object-maker, poet, - DaVid Baldwin '43, '45M and Halee one direction, then later another from a essayist, philosopher- his eclecticism Morris Baldwin '44 - met while they were different direction, and then trying to figure [flouts] the ground rules of art history." students here. out the nature of the source," says Lamb. For these reasons, Man Ray was "the quin­ The publication of Baldwin's book coin­ To test their theory, Lamb and his col­ tessential modernist personality." cides with a major national retrospective leagues used data gathered in February 1987 The emphasis here is on personality: of Man Ray's work, which opened last De­ from a satellite-borne gamma-ray detector. "Man Ray was a Surrealist person," Bald­ cember at the Smithsonian and travels to The de~ector-whichrecorded gamma-ray win writes, "not merely an artist." Born Los Angeles, Houston, and Philadelphia bursts In never-before-seen detail- gave an Emmanuel Radnitsky in Philadelphia in through 1989 and 1990. Together with this energy spectrum that showed that the rays 1890, he was the only American among the exhaustive biography, it may help unlock had passed through an extraordinarily Dada-Surrealist group in Paris. Warm to the secrets of the man who has been called powerful magnetic field, a trillion times his friends yet distant from his family, a "the Dada of us all." that of the earth. Lamb's theory was able peerless photographer who wanted most to to explain precisely even unexpected char­ be known as a painter, he was a complex acteristics of the energy spectrum, which and disquieting figure. led Team Lamb to reach their revolutionary conclusion. 38 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

"Strongly magnetic neutron stars have "After several hours in the University of chestra performed the world premiere of always been a good candidate, but there Rochester's laser lab, spent bombarding the her edition of the piece. Later it will travel was no concrete data to support the idea; page with different beams, she saw the long­ overseas; European performances have al­ cosmological theories have gotten more obliterated letters come back to ghostly ready been scheduled for London and Italy. prominence lately," says Lamb. "The fact life: P.M. that we can explain the spectrum so well " 'That's for Petite Mienne,' explains is convincing evidence that the rays come Rolf, 'his nickname for Emma Bardac.' " from magnetic fields that can only be gen­ Seems that Bardac was Debussy's mis­ erated by neutron stars." (Neutron stars are tress at the time, while Lily Debussy was the collapsed cores of burned-out stars that his wife. Rolf guesses that a discreet started out 10 times as large as the sun. Bardac erased the dedication. Shrunk to about 10 miles in diameter, they Such are the treasures discovered by are so dense that a teaspoonful of one Marie Rolf '77GE-pianist, musicologist, would weigh thousands of tons.) and associate professor of theory at the An added bonus to all this work, says Eastman School of Music-who has been Lamb, is the answer to another problem: submerged in La Mer for more than a dec­ Since neutron stars are located within our ade. While Debussy's amorous escapades Joining the Apple Corps galaxy, the theory resolves the controversy are of interest, her real aim has been to Education leader and University trustee about whether the gamma-ray bursts origi­ find misprints and determine the com­ Bernard Gifford '68GM, '72GM admits to oc­ nate within or beyond the Milky Way. poser's final thoughts on the work. casionally playing hooky in grade school­ Lamb explains all of these complexities Debussy pioneered "impressionism" in so he could spend time at the local library with the patience of one who could teach music with La Mer in 1905 - but since reading science books. physics to poets, which, by the way, he did then, musicians have been at sea as to his That hunger for learning, coupled with a at the University of Illinois and at Harvard. original intent. Published versions of the healthy discontent with the status quo, has A graduate of Rice University, Lamb earned piece have been awash in errors, of which taken him far- from graduate studies at his M.Sc. in Liverpool ("just before the experts have found more than a thousand. the University's School of Medicine and Beatles got big") as a Marshall Scholar and Rolf's sleuthing has produced what will Dentistry, to the presidency of a local civil­ studied at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland. probably be for years to come the definitive rights organization, to deputy chancellor After earning his Ph.D. at Rochester, he version of the score, to be published in of New York City schools, to vice presi­ began teaching at Illinois, went to MIT on France next year in a 34-volume series, The dent for student affairs at Rochester, to a Guggenheim, joined Harvard and the Complete Works ofClaude Debussy. dean of the Graduate School of Education Smithsonian Astrophysics Observatory, Her interest in the work began when she at Berkeley. and finally signed on at Chicago as a pro­ was an Eastman doctoral student in search Gifford's most recent career move, to the fessor in astronomy and astrophysics. of a dissertation topic. After discovering a newly created post of vice president of edu­ "It's unusual that the basic nature of copy in Debussy's own hand at Eastman's cation for Apple Computer, is a variation the most powerful cosmic phenomenon we Sibley Music Library, she devoted herself on the same lifelong theme. "Apple is at know of has gone for a quarter of a century to learning, in her words, "everything you the cutting edge of an overdue revolution without modern science knowing a thing wanted to know about La Mer and more." in education, and I want to be there," he about it," he muses. And though notice­ Rolf's dissertation came to the attention told The New York Times in a recent inter­ ably proud of his group's accomplishment, of the official committee for the massive view. he is already gearing up for his next cosmic Debussy publication, whose members were In his new post, he directs Apple's mar­ coup: "We now know that neutron stars do sufficiently impressed to ask her to join keting activities for elementary, secondary, in fact generate the gamma-ray bursts. But them and prepare the new edition of La and college- and university-level institu­ what it is they do to produce the bursts, Mer. Rolf was the only American on the tions. (Education represents more than a that we don't know yet." edition's supervisory committee, which in­ third of Apple's revenues and has been a cluded New York Philharmonic conductor primary focus of the company.) Pierre Boulez, Debussy biographer Roy But there's more to the job than market­ Howat, and pianist Claude Helfer. (Also ing existing products. His aim, Gifford says, involved were conductor Claudio Abbado, is also to take a hand in developing better Hungarian composer Syorgy Ligeti, com­ products for educational use. Among his poser Olivier Messiaen, and Boston Sym­ challenges will be helping Apple meet the phony conductor Seiji Ozawa, all of whom needs of educators who want computers to served on the publication's honorary be more than just tools for drills and prac­ board.) tice lessons. Comments Mark Elder, music director­ "I don't see myself as a marketing ex­ designate of the Rochester Philharmonic, pert. I see myself as an advocate for users, "That an Eastman professor was invited to a spokesman for teachers, principals, col­ Exploring 'The Sea' be in charge of France's own critical edition lege and university professors," he says. "Marie Rolf just had to know what had of its own leading composer is quite a trib­ "The education market is changing, and been erased," began a recent story in the ute." The French musical publication Le Apple has to change along with it. Com­ Rochester Times-Union. Monde de la Musique called the entire 34­ puters have to teach subjects like biology "There it was, a smudge on the last page volume publication "un travail de Titans" and chemistry as well." of Claude Debussy's own score of his or­ (the work of Titans). Mathematics, too, one hopes - after all, chestral masterpiece La Mer (The Sea), in Titanic it may be - but seaworthy as well. it was an apple that inspired Sir Isaac a place where the composer often inscribed In March, Rolf delivered a lecture on La Newton, wasn't it? dedications. Someone had erased some­ Mer at a "Colloque Debussy" at the Uni­ thing. versity of Geneva in Switzerland. Shortly thereafter, the Rochester Philharmonic Or-

39 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

sion of Congress, anything left over from U2 was delighted with the recording the last session just goes away, and we have ("Listening to it made us feel as if we had to go through the entire legislative process never heard our own song before," said all over again." The Edge, U2's guitarist), and the group Moss concedes that her work has given asked New Voices of Freedom to perform her some moments in the sun, or at least their version in Madison Square Garden on cable TV's C-SPAN. When the during U2's concert tour. uranium-enrichment bill passed the first It was rehearsal time. time in March of 1988, subcommittee "Working with U2 was just like working chairman Senator Wendell H. Ford stood with anyone else I've ever been with. They Senate Energizer on the Senate floor, thanked his staff who were very down to earth; they didn't behave Not too many people can claim to have had gathered there, and then, as the cam­ like superstars," says Bell. "They drove up walked into the secondary containment of eras rolled, addressed the president of the in a Chevy to the church in Harlem where an operating nuclear reactor. But Cheryl Senate: "Today we gave one of the staffers we rehearse. They played a tape of their Moss '84, '85G certainly can, and it's part on the majority side on the Energy Com­ version, we played a tape of ours, and then of her job. mittee what I would refer to as the baptism we just rehearsed together. They had film Moss is a member of the professional by fire. This is Cheryl Moss's first bill. If cameras there, but they were very respectful staff of the U.S. Senate Committee on anybody has any indication or any knowl­ of what we were doing. It was terrific. We Energy and Natural Resources (better edge of what goes on as staff work to com­ performed in the Garden the next day. known as the Senate Energy Committee) plete a bill, they also understand the extra "We were the first encore, and what which oversees a broad range of cover­ work that goes into a very complicated struck me about U2 is that I thought we'd story issues like solar energy, nuclear pow­ piece of legislation such as this. So I com­ be treated as their little 'guest artists,' but er, the greenhouse effect, and Alaskan oil pliment Cheryl for her excellent work and they just stopped playing and let us sing. development. Moss serves on the Energy look forward to the next bill when she will The fans were really into it. I'm not much Research and Development Subcommittee not worry after the bill passed whether she of a singer, and I usually don't sing with - one of the five subcommittees - and she should cry or clap. I am very pleased that the choir, but I was up there with them. I says her job is to explore ways of producing she was part of this." wasn't going to miss this." energy cleanly while making the most effi­ Says Moss of her television debut: "I was The filmed rehearsal eventually became a cient use of the taxpayers' investments. turning crimson the whole time." segment of U2's film Rattle and Hum (Bell One of Moss's main focuses is uranium (Incidentally, the Congress seems to be appears "for about 10 seconds," he says), enrichment, a process by which uranium is a popular employer with Rochester grads. and the choir's Garden performance was "sifted" to make it more dense in its fission­ One such alum, right in Moss's own baili­ included in the movie soundtrack. But the able, radioactive component, and hence, wick, is D. Michael Harvey '55, who hap­ collaboration didn't end there. At the re­ appropriate for use in nuclear power plants. pens to be chief counsel for the Senate quest of Bono, U2's lead singer, Bell wrote "We're trying to create an independent Energy Committee.) a gospel-choir arrangement of U2's "The government corporation to sell uranium­ Sweetest Thing." Bell later co-produced enrichment services to utilities and the gov­ the song with top music producer Jimmy ernment," says Moss. "If this were a private Iovine, and the New Voices version was business it would be making $1.3 billion included on the soundtrack of the movie annually, which would put it around No. Scrooged. Bono, at Iovine's suggestion, is 300 on the Fortune 500. Much of that busi­ now experimenting with material specifical­ ness comes from foreign clients, which cer­ ly for the choir. tainly helps with our trade deficit." The New Voices have since earned a rec­ Moss also works on the Department of ord contract and offers from other record Energy's "Clean Coal Technology Pro­ companies and movie-production houses. gram." Clean coal technologies, or CCTs, Bell expects to become their full-time co­ allow coal to be burned more cleanly, thus Rattle and Hum Alum producer and arranger. He is also work­ reducing emissions that are believed to ing in the same capacity with Adriane cause acid rain. The song "I Still Haven't Found What McDonald, a 19-year-old New Voices mem­ "It's been a lot of fun," says Moss, a I'm Looking For," by the Irish mega-group ber who herself has just signed a multi­ former Presidential Management Intern, U2, may have some significance for young album deal with A&M Records. who earned a B.A. in economics and a alums still trying to figure out "what I "Through working with her, I've discov­ master's degree in public policy at Roches­ want to do." But Chris Bell '86 seems to ered that I like to write and arrange my ter. "I work with a staff that has a broad have discovered a most comfortable niche, own music, so she and I have become writ­ and interesting background, and I get to thank you, and U2 has played a part in it. ing partners," says Bell. "Adriane is an ex­ travel a lot. Last fall, I went to France and It was about two years ago that U2's re­ citing singer who can do R&B and pop, Germany to look at their nuclear facilities, cording label approached Bell's father, a and she has the potential to do some inter­ and I've gone underground in uranium and teacher, musician, and record producer, esting things with music and to score pro­ coal mines and into operating nuclear re­ about doing a variation on U2's then-to­ fessionally." Bell is approaching U2's The actors. be-released "I Still Haven't Found What Edge about performing on "After the "There are frustrations too. For example I'm Looking For." The elder Bell gathered Fire," a song Bell and McDonald wrote for we've been working for two years to pass a together students, friends, and family, her upcoming album. bill to establish the uranium-enrichment christened them the New Voices of Free­ Recent Rochester grads may remember corporation. The Senate voted favorably dom, recorded a gospel version of the piece Bell at the controls of his blue electric vio­ twice last year, but the bill was never ap­ arranged by son Chris, and sent it off to U2. lin, performing with the student group proved in the House. Now, with a new ses- Every Good Boy Does Fusion and with the

40 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

Underground Jazz Duo, which he formed of Berkeley, California. Slated to open in "It's been very exciting and quite won­ with roommate Doug Besterman '86. June, the center will serve about 15 area derful," he says of his first year. "But being (Besterman joined Bell in the choir on residents who have "moderate degrees" of a dean is a very substantial change from stage at the Garden.) Bell is most proud, the disease, says Carl. being a full-time academic economist. I however, of the WRUR new-jazz program, Anne Goetsch is the one who conceived used to spend a lot of time thinking about "The Sunday Session," that was his brain­ the program, after watching her sister be­ economic research problems, watching over child. come bedridden and totally dependent on doctoral students, doing my research, and "But the biggest impact the University her daughter as the result of Alzheimer's. spending perhaps half a day a week in has had on me is my experience with film," Together, both Goetsches became intensely meetings. Now it's just the opposite; I have says Bell, who double-majored in psy­ aware of the need to help caregivers - to al­ to spend a lot of time in meetings and rela­ chology and film studies. "Working on low them to continue working or simply to tively less time with students." Scrooged, I knew the vernacular, and I was give them some time to themselves. Those endless meetings have been con­ able to help capture the right mood with Carl-who retired in 1981 but says that vened around issues that Sonnenschein be­ the song in the film. It's something I feel he doesn't "exactly call this retirement"­ lieves are vital to the continued growth of good about. heads up the center's board of directors. Penn and its School of Arts and Sciences. "A music producer today is analogous to He's not a gerontologist, however: Origi­ "Penn, like Rochester, is a university with a a film director. It involves getting the crea­ nally trained as a surgeon, he fell under the large number of professional schools," he tive, technical, and business people work­ sway of Willard Allen '29GM, '32M, the says. "The challenge now is to develop a ing in the same direction. While recording esteemed former chief of obstetrics and gy­ place for SAS that is strong and central 'The Sweetest Thing,' I found out just how necology at the Rochester medical school, and to create a comprehensive institution many disparate things have to come togeth­ and moved with Allen to Washington Uni­ that draws from and balances the strengths er to record a track. A producer tries to versity in St. Louis, where Carl did his of our professional schools." maximize everyone's creativity to get the OB-GYN training (and met Anne). The Sonnenschein is also overseeing a major music to jell." Goetsches have four children, two of whom renovation of curriculum basics: upgrading Bell tries to keep his U2 collaboration are Rochester alumni: internist and gastro­ the language and distribution requirements, and his other recent successes in perspec­ enterologist Carl Allen Goetsch '78M instituting a writing requirement, and de­ tive. "I feel I'm just starting out, that this (named after Allen) and obstetrician/gyne­ veloping opportunities for all seniors - not is just my first break, that I'm just now cologist Martha Goetsch '70. just honors students - to write theses or starting to focus. It's important for me to Because Alzheimer's day-care programs participate in senior seminars. sort out the hype that surrounds me and are relatively new- Carl estimates that Penn is also about to undertake a major figure out how much of what people are there are fewer than 100 in all of California five-year capital campaign in hopes of rais­ excited about is what I'm doing." - the Goetsches' center is deemed a "dem­ ing between $800 and $900 million, a sub­ onstration project" for the state, earning stantial fraction of which will go to SAS. an interest-free loan and the likelihood of "There isn't a day in a week when I'm not state funding. Carl is hoping that the cen­ doing development work," Sonnenschein ter will someday serve also as a pilot pro­ says. gram for Medicare funding. So, yes, he's a busy guy. But he still man­ In any event, he says modestly, "We're ages to get together with students by hold­

Vl really just pioneering and seeing what les­ ing office hours twice a week, by taking UJ :J sons we can learn for the establishment of meals with them once a week, and - are I­'" U other programs like this." you ready for this?- by living in a dormi­ 0:: ....l« tory. u "As a dean, seeing faculty is easy, but you really have to make a purposeful deci­ Handling with Care sion to spend time with students, or you're "I remember once years and years not keeping up with the idea of the job," ago-when we used to call it 'senility' or he says. "In SAS, we're concerned with the 'senile dementia' and no one had ever little things, the finest expressions of hu­ heard of Alzheimer's disease - one of my manity-why a poem makes you shiver, or elderly relatives put her nightgown, very how watching a ballet dancer gives you a neatly folded, into the oven," says Carl feeling of connection and privilege. My job Goetsch '37M. is to facilitate the creation and transfer of "So many people have had their lives that knowledge to young minds, and how touched by this disease, either with rela­ A Ray of Sonnenschein can I do that if I don't know my students? tives or friends." You'd think finding time to be with stu­ "The contact I have with my students is What's more, many people bear a relent­ dents would be a piece of cake for a college extraordinarily informative and invaluable. less, round-the-clock burden of caretaking: dean. Not so, says Hugo Sonnenschein '61, I ask them questions like 'How did you Bizarre, forgetful behavior is common an internationally regarded professor of decide to come to Penn?' 'Why did you among victims of Alzheimer's disease and economics at Princeton University, who be­ choose Penn and not another school?' can even endanger their lives. gan last fall as dean of the School of Arts 'How did you choose your major?' 'Were To help the caregivers as well as the pa­ and Sciences at the University of Pennsyl­ the last five books you wanted from the tients, Goetsch and his wife, retired intern­ vania. library available?' 'What films do you en­ ist Anne Goetsch, together have established joy?' From their answers, I learn a lot "The Berkeley Alzheimer's Family Respite that's not in the catalogs." Center," a not-for-profit day-care program based in the First Congregational Church Denise Bolger Kovnat and Shinji Morokuma

41 Rochester Review/Spring 1989 Alumni

Rochelle Goldberg Ruthchild MILE TONE '64G, '76G

RIVER CAMPUS J. Harold Helderman '67, named director, Paul Zeisler '77, '79G, consultant and actu­ Vanderbilt University Transplant Institute, ary, elected a principal, William M. Mercer Career Moves where he is also a professor of medicine. Meidinger Hansen, Incorporated, Chicago Donald Hodgman '42, appointed professor Roland Stevens III '67, promoted to associ­ office. emeritus of economics, University of Illi­ ate, DeWolff Partnership Architects, Roch­ James Raschko '78, joined Division of Med­ nois-Urbana-Champaign. ester. ical Oncology and Therapeutics Research Edwin Savlov '46, '48M, named professor of Kathleen Phillips '68, appointed v.p., general staff, City of Hope National Medical Cen­ surgery, University of Nevada-Reno, and counsel, and secretary, Harris Graphics ter, Duarte, Calif. chief of surgery, V.A. Medical Center. Corp., Dover, N.H. Paul Baerman '79, appointed executive direc­ William Broeffle '53, named general manager, Alan Thomas '68G, named acting assistant tor, National Collegiate Software Clearing­ Alsimag Technical Ceramics, Inc., Laurens, administrator, National Oceanic and At­ house, Duke University Press. S.c. mospheric Administration. Robert Loveland '79, incorporated a market­ Shelley Stone '56G, appointed associate Peter Braun '70, named partner, trial dept., ing company, US. Products, Inc., Boston. dean, Purdue University School of Educa­ Phillips, Lytle, Hitchcock, Blaine & Huber Sharon Porcellio '79, named partner, Damon tion. law firm, Buffalo office. & Morey law firm, Buffalo. Morton Bittker '57, formed corporate law Kathryn Kapusta '72, named partner, Morgan, Thomas Bulger '8IG, '85G, named dean, arts practice of Bittker and Johnstone, P.c., Lewis & Bockius law firm, Philadelphia. division, Siena College, Loudonville, N.Y. Rochester. Donald Stevens '72, appointed assistant He is presently on sabbatical and teaching David Wishart '60, promoted to west region professor of anesthesiology, University of at Goldsmith's College of the University of sales manager, Western Lithotech Co., a Massachusetts Medical Center, and direc­ London. Mitsubishi-Kasei company. tor, Acute Pain Management Service, Gary Freeberg '82, will begin (in July 1989) Charles Miner '64, assigned overall respon­ Worcester City Hospital. pulmonary medicine fellowship, Memorial sibility for Figgie International Inc. divi­ Amy Friedman Phillips '73, named president, Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York sions: Kersey/American LaFrance; "Auto­ MicroConnections, an agency for software City. matic" Sprinkler Corporation of America; developers seeking publishers. Bruce Friedman '82, named a trial attorney, Badger-Powhatan; Huber Essick; Safway Madeline Renkens '73, opened law office, Office of Special Counsel for Immigration Steel Products; Snorkel-Economy; and Snohomish, Wash. Related Unfair Employment Practices, Properties and Acceptance. Barry Spector '73, named partner, Gerst, Dept. of Justice, Washington, D.C. Rochelle Goldberg Ruthchild '64G, '76G, ap­ Heffner, Foldes & Podgorsky law firm, linda Milewski '82, appointed accounting pointed director, Russian School, Norwich Washington, D.C. manager, Michiana Community Hospital, University, Northfield, Vt. Duncan Clark '74, named assistant professor South Bend, Ind. Robert Witherspoon, Jr. '64, named a princi­ of psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh. Joel Segel '82, '83G, appointed planner, pal, GA/Partners of Arthur Andersen & Harvey Spencer '74, promoted to senior staff Dept. of City Planning, Division of Com­ Co. Real Estate Services Group. engineer, Hughes Aircraft Co., EI Segundo, munity Development, Pittsburgh. Michael Bercutt '65, founded Opus Homes, Calif. Debra Thomas Walsh '82, promoted to Inc., Portland, Ore. James Kennedy '75, appointed press secre­ account supervisor, Creamer Dickson Dennis Bowler '65, promoted to v.p.-con­ tary to US. Senator Joe Lieberman (D­ Basford public-relations firm, Providence troller, financial and accounting functions, Conn.). office. Pfaudler-US., Inc., Rochester. Frederick Ognibene '75, named attending James Knopf '85, appointed mutual-fund Richard English '65, named chief executive physician and senior investigator, critical­ accountant, Vanguard Group Inc., West officer, Alameda Instruments, Pleasanton, care medicine dept., National Institutes of Chester, Pa. Calif. Health, Bethesda. He is also a commander Yolantha Chlapowski '86, joined Golden Charles Carney '66, promoted to section in the US. Public Health Service. Grain, Quaker Oats Company. leader, manufacturing and testing, research Stephen Bonadies '76, promoted to senior Gary Morrow '87G, appointed chief, Behav­ and development division, Boehringer conservator, Cincinnati Art Museum. ioral Medicine Unit, University of Roches­ Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc. George Jenkins '77, appointed product man­ ter Cancer Center. Margaret Kallman '66, expanded law practice ager, Compact Disk Information Services Julie Gross '88, appointed custody accoun­ by arbitrating for local, state, and federal Group, Lotus Development Corp. tant, mutual funds, The Boston Company. courts, The New York Stock Exchange, and Mark Sturnick, '77, named high-school sci­ Bobby Vue '88, appointed to optical-engi­ the National Association of Securities ence teacher, Blackhawk School District, neering position, Hong Kong, where he is Dealers. South Wayne, Wisc. working on the Kodak compact camera.

42 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

Robert Witherspoon, Jr. '64 J. Harold Helderman '67

Dennis Bowler '65

Advanced Degrees Johns Hopkins University, named to a sec­ student orchestras published by Ludwig ond five-year term as executive v.p., Ameri­ Music Publishing Co. Karla Kindermann Dayton '66, M.A., infor­ can Academy of Otolaryngology, head and Waddy Thompson '75E, named administra­ mation and communication studies, Cali­ neck surgery, Washington, nc. tor, American Music Center. He was previ­ fornia State University-Chico. She has Arthur Schultz '71G, head, organic division, ously executive director of the American been appointed an assistant to the directors Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, appointed Recorder Society. of community relations and marketing, William Weightman Walker Professor of Marla Fredrickson Kasdorf '79GE, named Mercy Medical Center, Redding, Calif. Chemistry. coordinator of music, Rogue Community Samuel Cohen '75, Ed. M., psychology, Har­ Lt. Shawn Cali '84, awarded the Navy College, where she teaches history and the­ vard University. He is currently a screen Achievement Medal for work as supporting ory. She is also a member of the board of writer living in L.A. arms coordinator, Amphibious Squadron directors of the Arts Council of southern David Hirschler, '83, M.A., J. L. Kellogg Two. He is deployed in the Mediterranean Oregon and owns a custom-design furni­ Graduate School of Management, North­ aboard the USS Guadalcanal. ture company with her husband. western University. He has been appointed Dan Locklair '81GE, named 1989 composer­ assistant product manager, General Foods in-residence, Brevard (N.C.) Music Center. Worldwide. Books Published His "In the Autumn Days" (a chamber Rev. Darryl Powell '84, M. Div., Colgate Jack Forman '64, author, Presenting Paul symphony) was performed in January by Rochester Divinity School. He was or­ Zindel, Young Adult Authors Books. the Nebraska Chamber Orchestra and his dained a minister of the American Baptist Stephen Collins '70, author, From Divine "Creation's Seeing Order" (a prelude for Churches and now serves at the First Bap­ Cosmos to Sovereign State: An Intellectual orchestra) was performed in February by tist Church, Manchester, N.Y. History ofConsciousness and the Idea of the Charleston Symphony Orchestra. Nancy Ulbrandt '84, Ph.D., biochemistry, Order in Renaissance England, Oxford Evan Rothstein '82E, appointed conductor, Virginia Commonwealth University. University Press. He is an associate profes­ Indiana University-Bloomington Youth Sumeer Sathi '85, M.D., Harvard University. sor of history, Babson College, Wellesley, String Orchestra, and director, All-Campus He has begun residency in the Harvard Mass. String Orchestra. He is a doctoral candi­ Program in neurosurgery at Brigham & Richard Riss '74, author, Twentieth-Century date and an associate instructor in music Women's Hospital and the Children's Revival Movements in North America, theory. Hospital. Hendrickson Publishers, Peabody, Mass. Rachel Roberts '87, M.S., counseling. She Martha Taylor Bartter '75, '79G, '86G, author, has begun work at the Child Guidance The Way to Ground Zero: The Atomic Center of Greater Cleveland. Bomb in American Science Fiction, Green­ wood Press Inc., Westport, Conn. She is a Key 1988-89 Lilly Endowment Teaching Fellow Honors / Elections at Ohio State University. RC - River Campus colleges Francis Tenny '42, received the Association G- Graduate degree, River Campus for Asian Studies Distinguished Service colleges Award. EASTMAN SCHOOL OF MUSIC M- M.D. degree Donald Miller '44, private high-tech and GM - Graduate degree, Medicine and human-resources management consultant, Career Moves Dentistry named Saratoga (N.Y.) Chamber of Com­ Ralph Lewis '58GE, appointed director, R- Medical residency merce 1988 Citizen of the Year. Division of Theory, Musicology, and Com­ F- Fellowship, Medicine and Dentistry Brien Rogers '55, owner of WSFW radio position, School of Music, University of E- Eastman School of Music station, Seneca Falls, N.Y., elected to board Michigan. GE - Graduate degree, Eastman of trustees, Geneva General and Taylor­ James McVoy, Jr., '70GE, elected chair, N- School of Nursing Brown Memorial Hospitals. Dept. of Music Theory and Composition, GN - Graduate degree, Nursing Beneth Morrow '56, '58G, secondary history West Chester University. FN - Fellowship, School of Nursing teacher, Maumee Valley Country Day Sandy Dackow '73E, '77GE, '87GE, appoint­ U- University College School, Toledo, named Ohio's National ed director, Brandeis University Symphony GU - Graduate degree, University College Endowment for the Humanities Reader's Orchestra. She continues to conduct the Digest Teacher-Scholar for 1989. Ridgewood (N.J.) Symphony Orchestra and Jerome Goldstein '57, a visiting professor at has had more than 25 arrangements for

43 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

Debra Thomas Walsh '82 Marla Frederickson Kasdorf '79GE

UJ ..: :3 u ~ Garry Morrow z UJ UJ '87G ...J Uj

Elizabeth Burkhart '86E, appointed associ­ album as a member of the Miami Wind Honors / Elections ate principal bassoon, Atlanta Symphony Quintet. Orchestra. Dave Mancini '74E, artist/clinician, Yamaha Irvin Emanuel '60M, received a senior inter­ J. Timothy Simpson '86GE, signed two-year Music Corporation, released duo album national fellowship from the Fogarty In­ contract to sing lead lyric tenor, Bremer­ "One on One" on Mark Records. He also ternational Center, National Institutes of haven (West Germany) Opera House. He published the method book Drum Set Health. Last year he was a visiting profes­ completed a one-year apprenticeship with Fundamentals. sor of clinical epidemiology, London the International Opera Center of the Nancy Cooper '80GE, '83GE, music faculty Hospital Medical College. Zurich Opera House. member, Salisbury (Md.) State University, George Reading '60R, University of Roches­ Sabina Thatcher '86E, appointed principal performed a recital in the Alumni Series of ter associate professor of surgery, elected violist, St. Paul Chamber Orchestra. Centenary College, Shreveport, La., and president, American Society of Plastic and was featured soloist in a performance of Reconstructive Surgeons. J. S. Bach's Brandenburg Concerto #5 with John Stone '64R, associate dean and director Advanced Degree the Salisbury Symphony Orchestra. of admissions, Emory University School Mark M. Parker '76GE, Ph.D., music theory, of Medicine, awarded honorary Doctor of University of North Texas; music faculty Humane Letters, Miami University, Oxford, member, Bob Jones University, Greenville, Books Published Ohio. S.c., where he teaches piano and theory Rita Resch '60GE, co-author, Art-Song in Cmdr. James Allen '72G, '74M, awarded and is coordinator of piano classes. (Note: the United States: An Annotated Bibliogra­ Navy Commendation Medal for meritori­ The Winter 1988-89 issue of Rochester phy, published by National Association of ous service. Review carried incorrect information about Teachers of Singing. She was soprano solo­ Parker; this is his latest news.) ist with the Jefferson City (Mo.) Symphony Orchestra and Symphony Chorus in SCHOOL OF NURSING Mahler's Symphony No.4 and Poulenc's Honors / Grants "Gloria." Career Moves Nicholas Argentina '64E, nominated and ac­ Geary Larrick '70GE, author, Musical Refer­ Janet Davies 'nGN, '84GN, named director cepted for membership, Republican Sena­ ences and Song Texts in the Bible, Edwin of nursing, St. John's Home, Rochester. torial Inner Circle. Mellen Press, Lewiston, N.Y. She (with Ellen Janosik '76GN) is co-author Harry Faulk '68E, '71GE, named dean, West Lee Rothfarb '71E, author, Ernst Kurth as of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing, Virginia Governor's Honors Academy for Theorist and Analyst, University of Penn­ selected as one of the books of the year by 1989-90. sylvania Press. He has contracted to write the American Journal ofNursing. Steve Witser '81E, trombone, awarded silver Ernst Kurth: Selected Readings for the Merry Anne Pierson '79N, '84GN, named medal, 44th International Competition for Cambridge University Press. director, surgical services, East Tennessee Musical Performers, Geneva, Switzerland. Baptist Hospital. Joseph Holt '82E, received the American Linda Pierce Smith '83N, appointed program Cultural Specialist grant from Arts Ameri­ MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY coordinator, Rochester Mental Health Cen­ ca and will initiate the piano program for ter, V.o.A. Adult Home. the National Music Conservatory in Am­ Career Moves Dale Reynolds '87GN, named manager, man, Jordan. Richard Ketai '72R, appointed medical di­ home-care planning and coordination, rector, Community Mental Health Clinic, Visiting Nurse Service, Rochester and Middlesex Memorial Hospital, Middle­ Monroe County Inc. Performances / Recordings town, Conn. Nancy McGinn '88GN, appointed director, Barry Snyder '66E, '68GE, a professor of Anita Lopker '82M, established private prac­ nursing/ambulatory services, Rochester piano at Eastman, performed music of tice, psychiatry. She received another nomi­ General Hospital. Mozart, Brahms, and Ravel as a member nation to Who's Who in A merican Women of the Meadowmount Trio at the Skanea­ for her discovery of Lyme Psychiatric Syn­ teles (N.Y.) Festival tenth anniversary bene­ drome. Advanced Degrees fit concert. Aileen Beneroff '80N, M.P.H., health admin­ Sandra Seefeld '68E, associate professor istration, Columbia University. of flute, Miami University, released first Debra Mashberg '80N, Ph.D., health psy­ chology, Ferkauf Graduate School of Psy­ chology, Yeshiva University.

44 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

UNIVERSITY OF reate a "nest egg" for your retirement years through a deferred payment gift annuity. By entering into a deferred payment gift annuity arrangement with the University of Rochester the donor receives an imme­ diate charitable tax deduction and future income. The longer income payments are deferred, the higher the deduction. This can be particularly attractive to those who desire a charitable tax deduction during peak earning years and guaranteed annual income during retirement. The following table compares the benefits of deferring income for 10 years versus 15 years for a donor, age 50, who funds a de­ ferred payment gift annuity with $10,000 cash. A portion of the annual income will be tax exempt.

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45 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

and Development of Lowbush Blueberry I have the late Gerald B. Zornow '37 to Tissue Culture Plantlets." Despite what the thank for that. Later Kodak's board chair­ other Maine farmer said, it is possible to man, in 1967 he was only my boss's boss. LETTERS get here from there. The route runs as He was no intimate of mine but I managed (continued from inside front cover) follows: nevertheless to persuade him that since I Just before my sophomore year began, was months ahead in writing my ads, it the Rochester Times-Union proved willing would be wise to pay me my salary for Careers (John Wiley), and Direct Mail to pay me 10 cents a column inch plus bo­ spending the entire summer as a special Profits (Asher-Gallant). nus for covering the campus, whereas the student at the University of Michigan Bio­ My years on the CT contributed far Campus offered only the honor of serving logical Station. There, 31 years after gradu­ more to the direction and training for my alma mater. Thereupon I took to monger­ ation from Rochester, where I had taken no current career than my formal education. ing words so avidly that I was able to sup­ biology courses at all, I was immersed in (I entered the University with thoughts port myself and my parents with the help higher fungi seven days a week from 7 a.m. of becoming a scientist.) And I know the of the bonus. (We lived modestly.) to midnight for seven weeks. same is true for many of my fellow CT One hot summer day while scouring the This whetted my appetite for the subject alumni. Andy Neff '77 had a successful campus for a story, I intruded upon Pro­ and eventually connected me back to my career as a reporter before turning to even fessor [of physics] Lee A. DuBridge enter­ earlier career in journalism by way of my greener pastures in the financial world. taining a visitor to whom he introduced article "The Most Poisonous Mushrooms" Andrew Helfer '77 has written several me, one Ernest Orlando Lawrence. (The that was the cover story in the March 1975 books and became editor at DC Comics, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory today issue of Scientific American. The article publishers of Superman. Fred Guterl '80 is honors his name.) That evening in the got me taken seriously as a mycologist in now a magazine correspondent living in Times-Union city room as I typed what Maine. I had repaired here to grow blue­ London. Craig Wolff '79 is a reporter for Professor Lawrence had told me about an berries and watch the tide come in and out. The New York Times and has published invention of his for "smashing atoms" - a In addition I now hold appointments both several books as well as many articles in cyclotron he called it - the only other per­ at the College of the Atlantic in Bar Har­ national magazines. He even wrote and son in the room asked what I was working bor and in the Department of Plant and published his first book (Tennis Superstars) on. When I told him, he suggested I start Soil Sciences at the University of Maine. while a senior at the University. Linda over with carbon paper to send a copy to In November 1988 I found myself at Ketchum '79 is a successful editor and writ­ Time. I did. Time did not use my story but Harvard University addressing an audi­ er and has just completed her first book- invited me to become its Rochester corre­ ence at a symposium I had organized on I believe with Johns Hopkins University spondent. the relevance of mycological herbaria in Press. For the next ten and a half years I served biological science today. I enjoyed that, What can today's undergraduates and as such for both Time and Life. I was too and I might not have gotten there if I had their parents learn from all of this? I think busy helping to cover the 1936 convention taken biology in my freshman year instead there are several things: in Rochester of the American Association of hanging out at the office of the Campus. 1. You don't have to know what you're for the Advancement of Science to waste Walter Litten '36 going to do for the rest of your life when time at my commencement exercises in the Lamoine, Maine you're a college freshman or sophomore. In Eastman Theatre but picked up my diplo­ fact, you may never know it. But that can ma in optics before reporting for work make life interesting. Monday morning of the following week at Management Style 2. The most important thing is to do Bausch & Lomb. In 1940 I switched to the Re: the phrase "doing what all good work you love. Money is also very impor­ Kodak Research Laboratories as an optical managing editors have done since Guten­ tant - but it's the second most important physicist. berg - making life miserable for reporters thing, not the first. Both employers tolerated my moonlight­ who are pushing deadline" (Rochester 3. Extracurricular activities should be ing as a journalist dealing with matters Review, Winter 1988-89, page 10). fun activities that round out your educa­ ranging from publisher Frank E. Gannett's Don't know about that guy Gutenberg, tion. But if they actually become your edu­ presidential ambitions, to disunity over but this is the '80s. Managing editors go to cation, that's ok, too. I remember very lit­ Nazism among the United Zither Players meetings - they don't have time to nag re­ tle of the factual material taught to me in of America, to the principles involved in porters. classrooms. But the skills and interests I adding and subtracting colors. Jim Memmott developed during my days on the CT will When at last I grew weary of my regular Rochester be with me the rest of my life, and have job calculating lens designs (having devel­ Memmott is in a good position to know. paid for a nice lifestyle for me and my oped enough speed to take only three Until very recently managing editor ofthe family. weeks for calculations that today might Rochester Times-Union, he is now manag­ Bob Bly '79 take three milliseconds), I was put to work ing editor ofthe Democrat & Chronicle­ New Milford, New Jersey writing Kodak advertising. To make un­ Editor. necessary the usual suspension of disbelief I live down the hill from my blueberry expected of the reader of most advertising, field on a rock that sticks out into the I devised a special style of burnishing ocean, where I still play around with words Kodak's image in the scientific community as I learned to do as a freshman on the with ads not written by an ad agency, which Campus. Nowadays my stuff appears in was and is rather unusual. They started in journals like Acta Horticulturae and 1947 and petered out about 1982, when I Mycologia under headlines like "Effect of quit writing Kodak ad copy and became a Ericoid Mycorrhizae Isolates on Growth professional mycologist, a biologist special­ izing in the fungal kingdom.

46 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

More of Our Men at the Met entertaining editorial fodder. For instance, we happen to know that Micci, now retired The article by Jeremy Schlosberg, "Our as first violin for the New York Philhar­ Classified Information Man at the Met," Rochester Review, Win­ For rent: ter 1988-89, concerning Mr. [Raymond] monic, is also a crossword puzzle maven whose byline frequently appears on Sun­ Virgin Gorda (British Virgin Islands). Our Gniewek ['53E] and Mr. [Richard] Woitach part-time home. Year-round swimming ['56E] of the Metropolitan Opera Associa­ day morning's most devilish challengers weather, low humidity, wonderful snorkeling, tion, is a welcome and well-made acquain­ -Editor. beaches. Grobman '41G, '44G, 507 North tance with these two distinguished Eastman 13th St., Apt. 301, St. Louis, Mo. (314) School alumni. 241-9177. Big Apple Surgical Plot Hilton Head, S.C. Resort condo on beach. My criticism, though mild and brief, Knifes into New England Sleeps 6, ocean view, Olympic-size pool, concerns the exclusion of the first Eastman tennis courts. $400-450/wk. Hollinger '81, While certainly not of the same size and graduates to become members of the Met's (716) 586-1874. orchestra, Alfio Micci '40E, '41GE, violin, scope as the takeover of the Big Apple Bed & Breakfast: and, later, Fred (Dan) Hinger '42E, tym­ medical system [Letters, Rochester Review, Winter 1988-89], at least one Rochester Featherbed Shoals, Box 11 ROl, Cape Vincent, pani, who went to the Met after retiring NY 13618. On St. Lawrence River. Open from the Philadelphia Orchestra. And alum has been doing his part to operate in July, August. (315) 654-2983. Pearsons '58RC, what about several of the current members New England and so hold high the scalpel '60M. of the University of Rochester. While Drs. who are Eastman alumni? Seems to me a For sale: mention, at least, might have been made, Newman, Skinner, and Rowe have been keeping New York City's hospital beds in Two cemetery lots for sale. White Haven Me­ especially when this article is the only one morial Park, Pittsford, NY. Charles Moore to have been written about Eastman people stitches, I have, in my own small way, be­ '60, 515 Orchard St., Fayetteville, NY 13066. and the Met orchestra. gun sewing up Connecticut as president (315) 637-9338. How about an enlargement later on the and C.E.o. of the Meriden-Wallingford same theme? Hospital (270 beds), also a not-for-profit Rate: 75 cents a word. Post Office box Howard Meek '41E acute care hospital. numbers and hyphenated words count as Newark, Ohio Even though I am a River Campus grad, two words. Street numbers, telephone num­ bers, and state abbreviations count as one Meek has a point there. Stories about it is clear that rr.y career has been in the same vein as the illustrious doctors. word. No charge for zip code or class our Met people past and present are always numerals. Theodore Horowitz '63 Send your order and payment (checks Middletown, Connecticut payable to University ofRochester) to "Classified Information, " Rochester Review, 108 Administration Building, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627.

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47 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

"And I feel that if through me there is a responsibility. There's a difference." some sort of communal aura- atmosphere, For him, the difficulties arise when the mood, whatever - that is being transferred Detroit Symphony is labeled a "racist" or­ among the musicians - not to the musi­ ganization, as it has been in recent months cians, but among the musicians - then by state legislators, citing a dearth of mi­ there is a great work of art in progress." nority musicians in its ranks. "It puts me Dunner stresses that he's not a competi­ in a very uncomfortable position," he ad­ tive person, that he doesn't think that a mits. conductor is the catalyst for music-making Political pressures to one side, however, as much as "the conduit through which the he says that conducting is all he wants to music flows." do. Which is pretty self-effacing for the man "If I can be conducting 20 years from who, on March 1, 1987, had all of New now, as my profession, then I'll have made York City at his feet during "Dr. Leslie it. Byron Dunner Day." The same man who, "It's not right for everyone, but I know the year before, became the first American it's right for me. I just know it." ever to win a prize in the Arturo Toscanini LESLIE DUNNER '78 International Conducting Competition (which brought him the Dunner Day cele­ bration, along with numerous other 1978: "A Musician honors). 1989: Conductor Con Brio And the man who now, at 33 years of Through and Through" age, is third in the conducting hierarchy of what is considered by many to be one of the half-dozen or so top orchestras in the country- the Detroit Symphony. (He con­ tinues to conduct for the Dance Theater of Harlem as well.) It was a long, hard road to get there, says Dunner. "My parents strongly urged me to pursue Vl UJg: a 'vocation'- something serious, so I could c< UJ support myself," he says. I­ Z He came to Rochester on a scholarship, planning to be an optics major, but he "You're nervous," said the star of the graduated with a B.A. in music, having Russell Frost '78 tells a story about Dance Theater of Harlem to orchestra con­ spent as much time as humanly possible at Leslie Dunner when the two were junior­ ductor Leslie Dunner '78. the Eastman School of Music. From there, year roommates on the music-interest floor It was dress rehearsal for the group's he went on to earn an M.A. in music theo­ of Wilder Hall on the River Campus. Copenhagen premiere, and they were about ry and musicology at Queens College and "People would stick their heads out into to face an audience of some 2,000 critical a doctorate in orchestral conducting from the hallway and say, 'Does anyone want to listeners. the Conservatory of Music at the Univer­ play duets?' One day, a woman named Judy "No, I'm not," replied Dunner, convinced sity of Cincinnati. [Rosenberg '79] had this duet for violas. he was as cool as January in Jutland. Still, he remembers, "My parents had a She played the viola and Leslie sight-read "Yes, you are," the dancer shot back. "I rough time for six or seven years. But by the other part, transposing it for clarinet as had to count!" now, he says, they have come around. As he went along. He couldn't argue with that. The dancer, well they should, since their son has found "It sounded really good, and people just Charmaine Hunter, says that she can always gainful employment in traveling from ma­ started gathering around and listening. tell when Dunner, the group's associate jor symphony hall to major symphony When they realized he was sight-reading conductor, is nervous: If he is, she has to hall- not to mention composing, record­ and transposing at the same time, they count to keep in step with the music. She ing, and performing on his own (his instru­ were amazed." says she loves to work with him because, ment is the clarinet). Now chief financial officer of College usually, the rhythm just feels right. (Rest Last season, for example, was grueling. Concepts, Inc., a clothing manufacturer in assured that Dunner did relax for the "The Dance Theater had a six-week Soviet New York City, Frost is still a music lover Copenhagen performance, which went well tour, and then we flew back for two weeks and avid clarinet player who keeps in touch indeed.) of performances in New York. Then I flew with Dunner. In the excitement of telling this story, up to Michigan for a week of touring with "Leslie really made clear to me the dif­ Dunner begins to "conduct" with his hands, the Detroit Symphony, flew to London for ference between a musician and a non­ nearly knocking over a vase of flowers in four weeks, flew to Scotland for one week, musician. It goes very deep; he hears and the process. The enthusiasm is characteris­ flew to Minnesota to do a recording, and feels music differently and thinks about tic of this talented young conductor, who then began the season in Detroit. music differently from a non-musician," he clearly loves his work. "It's exhausting, but I love traveling. I says. "For me, it is the equivalent of the con­ love jet-setting around. I love working with "He's definitely a musician, through and summate experience of making chamber groups." through." music. I feel as if I am one of the musi­ The only drawback to his work, he says, cians, because I become involved with that is when politics comes into play. It's not feeling, not just physically, but spiritually that he minds serving as a role model for Denise Bolger Kovnat and emotionally," he says. young blacks, he says. "I used to feel that it was an obligation, but now I consider it

48 Rochester Review/Spring 1989

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