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Activity Guide for Grades IJIJAfricanFGHIJKLMIJKLMIJSafari Activity Guide for Grades 3-5 By the Zoological Society of Florida IJFGHIJKLMIJFGHIJKLMIJFGHIJ Zoological Society of Florida Mission Statement The Zoological Society of Florida is a private non-profit institution whose foremost mission is to encourage an appreciation for the world’s wildlife and to help conserve it for future generations. We educate the community by engaging them in the natural world.We enhance their knowledge of science by providing content information in the zoological sciences. In performing this mission, the ZSF partners with the Miami MetroZoo and aspires for excellence in public education, visitor services, animal science and conservation. To The Teacher This African Safari Guide was designed by the Education Department of the Zoological Society of Florida to take your students on a safari without leaving South Florida. It is a thematic, interdisciplinary unit focusing on specific African species represented at Miami MetroZoo to help you teach your students about such concepts as adaptation, animal habitats and conservation in a fun and innovative manner. The activities in this guide are aligned with the Florida Sunshine State Standards (SSS); please refer to the Standards for further goal descriptions and grade level expectations.We strongly encourage you to bring your students to Miami MetroZoo for a close encounter with African animals as you embark on your safari adventure. Objectives After completing the African Safari Guide, students will have a better understanding of African habitats, its wildlife, and conservation concerns. Students will be able to: • Understand that Africa’s habitats support a diverse and abundant wildlife. • Recognize that much of the world’s most unique wildlife is from Africa. • Share their knowledge and appreciation of African wildlife with others. • Recognize that conservation is an on-going process and that our actions can make a difference. © Zoological Society of Florida, 2005 All rights reserved. Contents Pre/Post-lesson Assessment ............................3 Welcome to Africa ........................................4 Need for Speed ............................................6 Animal Adaptations Fun Fact Book . .................................8 Brainteaser Game . ..............................8 Tracking Gorillas..........................................12 Social Structure and Foraging Behaviors Gorilla Coordinates Grid . ......................15 Foraging Clue Sheet . ...........................16 Tracking the Gorillas Worksheet ............... .17 Hoofin’ It ..................................................18 Hoofed Herbivores To the Student .................................20 Hoofin’ It Wheel . ..............................21 Wheel Worksheet . ............................ 25 Watch Where You Step! ................................26 The Truth on Poop Fact Sheet for Elephants ........................28 Poop Puzzle . ..................................29 Watch Where You Step Worksheet ..............30 Painted Dogs ..............................................31 Africa’s Dogs Story of “Eyespot”…............................34 Critical Thinking Questions .................... .36 Crossword Puzzle ..............................37 Can You Outrun Extinction?............................38 Cheetah Dilemma Cheetah Conservation Game . ..................42 Data Collection Sheet ..........................46 Glossary .......................... ........................47 Answer Key ...............................................48 Florida Sunshine State Standards ... ..................49 References/Resources ..................................50 Acknowledgements ......................................51 Your Opinion is Important .............................52 © Zoological Society of Florida, 2005 All rights reserved. African Safari Lesson Assessment Pre Post (Circle One) Name: ______________________ Date: ______________________ 1. Africa has which types of habitats (circle all that apply). rivers wetlands desert savanna tropical forest 2. Animal adaptations are determined by an animal’s environment. True False 3. Africa has one of the largest diversity of animals (i.e. Lots of different species). True False 4. Africa is home to the largest number of herd type animals (hoofed stock). True False 5. Identify 3 African animals. 1. _____________________ 2. _____________________ 3. _____________________ 6. List 2 causes of extinction. 1. ______________________ 2. ______________________ 7. Name 2 animals that are endangered in Africa. 1. ______________________ 2. ______________________ 8. What can you do to help conserve nature? ____________________________________ ____________________________________ 9. The largest African animal is ______________________. 10. The African animal I like best is ___________________ because ___________________ ____________________________________ . 3 © Zoological Society of Florida, 2005 All rights reserved. Welcome to Africa! Africa is a massive continent, spanning 12 million square miles and encompassing 40 countries, where 800 languages are spoken.The continent is renowned for its spectacular wildlife, which is both abundant and diverse.This diversity comes from the many types of terrain and climate that come together with living things to form different ecosystems. Ecosystems that are similar to one another are grouped together by type and called biomes. In adapting to their environment,African animals seem to go to extremes; if an animal is the fastest, heaviest, or tallest of its kind, it’s probably from Africa! Take a look at the animal superlatives below. Largest land animal: African Elephant, 13,000 lbs, 12 feet tall at shoulder Second largest: White rhino, 13 ft. 4,500 lbs Third largest: Hippopotamus, 9 ft. 3,000 lbs Largest frog: Goliath frog, 7.5 lbs, 12-inch body, 36 inches with legs extended Largest primate: Gorilla, 415 lbs Tallest animal: Giraffe, 18 feet Fastest land animal: Cheetah, 70 mph Largest bird: Ostrich, 7.5 feet tall, 345 lbs Fastest land bird: Ostrich, 45 mph Heaviest flying bird: Kori bustard, 42 lbs Largest herds: Wildebeest, 25-mile long herd contained 1 million animals Heaviest bug: Goliath beetle, .25 lb Tropical Forest What it’s like Thick, jungly vegetation. Equatorial areas are rainy year-round, but areas north and south of equator have a monsoon season that can dump 8 feet of rain in three months.Trees fill all available space up to 245 feet off the ground.The tallest trees provide lookouts and nesting platforms for predatory birds and monkeys. Below those, the canopy forms a continuous block of vegetation that absorbs nearly all the available light. Most arboreal animals live in this layer, feeding on insects, fruits, nuts, and leaves. Scattered small trees and shrubs live in the dim area underneath the canopy, called the understory. Characteristic wildlife Monkeys share the treetops with parrots, hornbills, and many other birds. Chimpanzees and gorillas live among the trees. Shy Okapi, shaped like a horse and striped like a zebra.African forest elephants, smaller than their savanna relatives. Desert What it’s like Sparse plant cover due to low rainfall.The rain that does fall comes in scattered downpours or a short wet season, so life cycles of insects, fish, and amphibians are very short. Plants bloom and give fruit very quickly too. Most living things seem to be armed with thorns, spines, and venom.Temperatures are extreme, as bare ground bounces the sun’s heat back during the day and dry air loses warmth and becomes very chilly at night. Small animals spend much of the day underground. Many animals have light-colored skin or fur to reflect heat, and long legs to keep their bodies away from the hot ground. 4 © Zoological Society of Florida, 2005 All rights reserved. Characteristic wildlife Camels, antelopes like gemsbok, scimitar-horned oryx and addax. Naked mole rats. Reptiles are abundant, including cobras, sidewinders, adders, geckos, and chameleons. Rivers & Wetlands What it’s like Africa is dotted with lakes and swamps, and many rivers flow through the continent. Animals congregate anywhere water is found, including fish, frogs, small invertebrates, turtles, wading birds, water birds, and aquatic mammals. Large swamps grow deep and wide in the rainy season, shrinking down to flooded grass and then to mud as the rains die away each year.Wetlands are biologically very productive, providing massive amounts of food for the animals that live in them. Characteristic wildlife Enormous Nile crocodiles. Even more massive hippos are plant eaters, grazing on land at night and lolling in the water to stay cool during the day. Flamingos, storks, egrets and ibis. Savanna What it’s like Huge expanses of grass with scattered trees. Seasonal rains produce lots of plant life for herbivores to live on, following dry periods when animals must migrate in search of food.Abundance of food supports the largest land animals and largest herds of animals in the world. Scattered trees provide food, shade, nesting sites, and hiding places. Many animals are fast runners, as hunting takes place out in the open and speed is necessary for predators and prey. Long necks enable birds and hoofed mammals to spot predators over the vegetation. Characteristic wildlife Giraffes, elephants, cats like leopards, lions, and cheetahs. Painted Dogs and hyenas prey on ostriches, antelopes, zebras, monkeys, baboons, and small mammals.Any leftovers are cleaned up by scavengers, including vultures, marabou storks, and jackals.
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