Lesson 1 and Systems

Computer Literacy BASICS: A Comprehensive Guide to IC3, 3rd Edition

1 Morrison / Wells 2 Lesson 1 About the Presentations About the     Morrison / Wells found on the Instructor Resources found Instructor the on Resources disc. complete set of images from be book can the Some figures from lessons the are included. A class needs. You may customize presentations fitthe toyour of each presentation. All lesson objectives are listedbeginning in the each lesson. the of opening The cover presentations the objectives in found CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E 3 Lesson 1 Objectives      Morrison / Wells Identify components. system Identify systems. Use computer devices. of computer types Classify different systems. computer and computers Define computers. of importance the Understand CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E 4 Lesson 1 Objectives (continued) Objectives      Morrison / Wells Care for storage media. for storage Care devices. of storage types Identify is represented. data how Describe memory. computer Define unit. processing central the of role the Describe CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E 5 Lesson 1 Vocabulary      Morrison / Wells  unit (CPU)unit processing central BIOS ROM bit binary (ALU) unit arithmetic/logic       computers embedded dual data unit control computer circuit board CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC - core core 3 3E 6 Lesson 1 Vocabulary (continued) Vocabulary      Morrison / Wells  mobile devices mobile memory Information hardware disks hard (FAT) table allocation file       (ROM) Read (RAM) memory access random computers notebook drive network processor multicore CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC - only memory memory only 3 3E 7 Lesson 1 Vocabulary (continued) Vocabulary       Morrison / Wells  USB flash drive USB flash tracks tablet PC supercomputer software server storage remote CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E 8 Lesson 1 Computers Computers of theImportance Understanding    Morrison / Wells  The IBM PC was introduced in 1981. in introduced IBM PCwas The 1976. in built was computer first The Apple government. and military the by use for 1950s early and 1940s late the in developed were first The computers Computer:of the A HistoryBrief century. past ofthe inventions important most the of one is computer The CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E 9 Lesson 1 Systems Computer and Computers Defining  Morrison / Wells  and and people. data, software, hardware, includes system A computer cycle. processing information as an to referred steps of aseries follows that device electronic is an A computer CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E 10 Lesson 1 Classifying Computers Classifying   Morrison / Wells cost, cost, performance: and size, function,their categories, physicalon based General control else.something Special – – – – Tablet PC Mobile devices Server computers Desktop and notebook - - purpose computers are used mostly are usedmostly to computers purpose purpose computers are divided into are dividedcomputers purpose – – – – CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC Portable players Embedded computers Supercomputer Mainframe computer 3 3E 11 Lesson 1 Using Computer Systems Computer Using   Morrison / Wells information. An example of information. Anthe procedure: example it intoComputers dataand take raw change kindsfor Computers oftasks. are usedall – – – – You store it for later retrieval. later for it You store device. of output type to some information the You send information. it into and toturn data the to process instructions uses computer The device. of input type some with data and programs You input CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E 12 Lesson 1 Identifying System Components System Identifying  Morrison / Wells memory, basic controllers, and expansion slots. memory, and expansioncontrollers, basic integral components is athatcontainsThe motherboardcircuitboard — , processing central CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E 13 Lesson 1 (continued) Components System Identifying    Morrison / Wells the unit. control unitandarithmetic/logic primary sections: the The CPUhas two of the computer. unitis thebrains (CPU) The central processing Processing Unit: The Central CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E 14 Lesson 1 (continued) Components System Identifying      Morrison / Wells  all all is which binary, or language, machine uses computer The languages. programming through computer the with You communicate activities. processor’s ofthe all coordinates unit control The Unit: Control The operations. logical and computations arithmetic performs (ALU) unit arithmetic/logic The Unit: Arithmetic/Logic The 1s and 0s . CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E 15 Lesson 1 (continued) Components System Identifying   Morrison / Wells character. character. is a onebit. A asingle zero or byte singleis asingle the necessarymessages toexecuteinstructions. A sendsthe out control unitIn language,machine Recognizing How a Data: ComputerRepresents CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E 16 Lesson 1 (continued) Components System Identifying      Morrison / Wells when is off. thecomputer turned disappearstored andon aRAMchip temporarily are Data, instructions program andinformation, access memory (RAM). calledrandom The term, memoryon motherboard isshort the Memory:Random Access Memory orcan beshortterm longterm. Memory: CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E 17 Lesson 1 (continued) Components System Identifying    Morrison / Wells instruction and store the results in in RAM. results the store and instruction the CPUtime it to execute the takes of amount to the refers cycle execution The command. the complete and task specified a to perform instructions takes to retrieve it of time amount is the cycle instruction The (cont): Memory Access Random CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E 18 Lesson 1 (continued) Components System Identifying   Morrison / Wells execution cycles create a machine cycle. executioncreate acycles machine Together,one cycleand ormore the instruction MemoryRandom(cont): Access CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E 19 Lesson 1 (continued) Components System Identifying     Morrison / Wells turn on the computer. instructions tostart containingthe whensystem you The more common of these isthe BIOS ROM, is turnedoff. the the power wheneven chip on for remainThese computer operation. instructions ROM instructions thatareneededstore specificchips read Anotheris typeof found onthemotherboard memory Read - only memory (ROM). memory only - Only Memory: CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E 20 Lesson 1 Devices ofStorage Types Identifying     Morrison / Wells  Advantages: Advantages: capacity speed and Hard Disk: (FAT). log disk the on afileallocation called table Data is innumbered tracks special stored in a Magnetic Storage Devices: store it astorage device. on To must keep you a permanent copy of data, CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E 21 Lesson 1 Devices Devices (continued) ofStorage Types Identifying       Morrison / Wells platters, platters, andCDslike . write dataonsilver to read andUse technology laser Devices: used.storage media,are disks not aswidely solidSinceof USBdrives and theintroduction 3½ and datacollection. for is usedpurposes Magnetic tapeprimarily Magnetic tape: - Inch Disksand Zip Disks: CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC - state 3 3E 22 Lesson 1 Devices Devices (continued) ofStorage Types Identifying     Morrison / Wells multiple users. multiple by to and shared available a network server is and tape Hardto driveorconnected Network Drives: flash drive integratedcircuits, such asUSB medium that uses Removable Solid - State Storage Media: CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E 23 Lesson 1 Caring for Storage Media Storage Caring for      Morrison / Wells  Keep discs in a sturdy Keepa sturdy transporting. case when discs in is on. lightdrive indicator Never try to remove the mediafrom the a drive when them at the edges. discs, holdDVDsand optical other When handling when notinuse. from and Remove store themproperly mediadrives Avoid extreme temperatures. Keepfrom fields. awaymagnetic CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E 24 Lesson 1 Computers inFuture Your Computers    Morrison / Wells uses, will become even more important. more even become uses, will their and computers of understanding and knowledge is the which literacy, Computer norm. the become will devices mobile and Wireless computers. other with to connect the ability or connectivity, be will of computers evolution the in change of areas major the One of CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E 25 Lesson 1 Summary   In this lesson,you learned: Morrison / Wells  mainframes, mainframes, supercomputers. and servers, devices,(desktop andnotebook), mobile computers personal includeComputer classifications capability. accuracy, storage,andcommunicationsreliability, A itsits from speed,computer derivespower stores information.the data and data, andinformation,data, produces processes that receivesA device computer isanelectronic CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E 26 Lesson 1 Summary Summary (continued)    Morrison / Wells ports slots.expansionand for the system. and basiccontrollers It containsalso unit (CPU), memory, contains processing the central The is the motherboard center of processing. It all cycle cycle. the andexecution cycle is madeupoftheinstruction The machine together representa system. computer Input, grouped devicesoutput, and processing functions: storage. output, andinput,processing, Almostperform all computers the same general CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E 27 Lesson 1 Summary Summary (continued)  Morrison / Wells computer operations. computer for needed instructions store permanent to used is and is nonvolatile (ROM) memory Read temporarily. information data, and instructions, to store is used and volatile is (RAM) memory access Random memory. of types different contains motherboard The CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC - only only 3 3E 28 Lesson 1 Summary Summary (continued)   Morrison / Wells optical andsolid storage, storage, are magnetic categories of storagemedia store it on some type of storage medium.The three To copy ofdata,a permanent youmaintain should the coordinatesCPUactivities. the take inALU.comparisons place unit Thecontrol and (ALU) the calculationsandcontrol unit.All has two main sections Theof CPUis thebrainsTheCPUthe computer. — the arithmetic/logic unit arithmetic/logic the - state storage. state CLB: CLB: A Comp Guide to IC 3 3E