Artificial vision of stones for varietal identification of six PDO Greek table cultivars

Introduction Aim of the study Materials and methods Results Discussion Conclusion

Agriopoulou Sofia1,2, Artaud Jacques1, Vanloot Pierre1, Bedine Boat Marie Ampères1,3, Varzakas Theodoros 2 , Roussos Sevastianos1 1 Aix Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France 2 University of the Peloponnese, Department of Food Science and Technology, Kalamata, Greece 3 University of Yaounde I, Department of Biochemistry, Yaoundé, Cameroon

1 Artificial vision of olive stones for varietal identification of six PDO Greek table olive cultivars

Introduction Aim of the study Materials & methods Results Discussion Conclusion

. Table olives have great nutritional value for societies and a major heritage value as a genetic resource. . The accurate varietal identification becomes a necessity in Titre partie national and international trading to assure fair trades. . Μany countries such as Greece, introduce the cultivar name as an element of identification of olive products. . The label Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) issued by European Union for characterization of foods based on variety (cultivar) and geographical origin, is a criterion of authenticity and quality. . In Greece, 11 varieties of table olives have been characterized as PDO table olives. . The table olives around the Mediterranean bassin like Kalamata and Xalkidiki of Greece as well in France , Tanche and can be characterized by analysis of olive stones. . Artificial vision may be a possible and attractive approach for discrimination of table olive varieties. Figure 1. Morphological parameters of olive stone (Vanloot, et al., 2014).

Vanloot P., Bertrand D., Pinatel C., Artaud J., Dupuy N. 2014. Artificial vision and chemometrics analyses of olive stones for varietal identification of five French cultivars Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 102: 98-2105. Artificial vision of olive stones for varietal identification of six PDO Greek table olive cultivars

Introduction Aim of the study Materials and methods Results Discussion Conclusion The aim of this work was to evaluate the Throumpa Thasou potential of the artificial vision for determining PrasinesTitre Xalkidikis the varietal origin of olive fruits from six main parti PDO Greek cultivars: e Konservolia Stilidas Prasines Xalkidikis, Throumpa Thassou (Northern Greece, geographic region of Macedonia) Throumpa Xiou Konservolia Stylidas, Konservolia Amfissis (Central Konservolia Amfissis Greece, geographic region of Central Greece) Kalamon Kalamatas (Southern Greece, geographic region of Peloponnese) Throumpa Xiou (Aegean Sea) Kalamon Kalamatas The determination was made by the numerical images of the stones of the fresh olives. Figure 2. The map of Greece with the areas of the analyzed samples of table olives. 3 Artificial vision of olive stones for varietal identification of six PDO Greek table olive cultivars

Introduction Aim of the study Materials and methods Results Discussion Conclusion Olive samples Stone preparation . Samples of fresh olives (n = 600) . The olives were first soaked in boiling were collected in October 2020, water during 10 min. frome Greece. . The pulps were removed and the stones brushed. . The sampling was constituted by: . The stones were then soaked in 40 ml Konservolia Amfissis (n = 100) hydrogen peroxide (30%,) during one Prasines Xalkidikis (n = 100) day. Kalamon Kalamatas (n = 100) . They were then rinsed 10 times and Konservolia Stilidas (n = 100) dried at ambient temperature for one Throumpa Thasou (n = 100) day. Throumpa Xiou (n = 100) . Once dry, the stones were ready for image acquisition. . The olive fruits were transferred to . Αll samples were weighed before Aix Marseille University, IMBE, and image acquisition. . For every olive stone two image frozen until the beginning of the Figure 3. High-resolution color camera acquisitions (face and profile) were analyzes. (Baumer TXD13C). taken. Artificial vision of olive stones for varietal identification of six PDO Greek table olive cultivars

Introduction Aim of the study Materialsandmethods Results Discussion Conclusion

Table 1. Identification of table olives according to their weight stones.

Table olive cultivars Weight (mg) Konservolia Amfissis (KA) 691 Kalamon Kalamata (KK) 489 Throuba Thassou (TT) 629 Throuba Xiou (TX) 614 Prasines Xalkidikis (PX) 1050 Konservolia Stilidas (KS) 621

Figure 4. Stones of table olives after processing, ready for image acquisition. 5 Artificial vision of olive stones for varietal identification of six PDO Greek table olive cultivars

Introduction Aim of the study Materials and methods Results Discussion Conclusion Throuba Thasou Throuba Xiou Prasini Xalkidikis Face Profile Face Profile Face Profile

Kalamon Kalamatas Konservolia Amfissis Konservolia Stilidas Face Profile Face Profile Face Profile

6 Artificial vision of olive stones for varietal identification of six PDO Greek table olive cultivars

Introduction Aim of the study Materials and methods Results Discussion Conclusion

. This preliminary study of image analysis of Greek table olive stones permit us to determine each variety according to their different size, aspect and weight. . The applied method was satisfactory for cultivar identification. . Chemometric analysis will be continued for a complete identification of cultivars. Thank you very much for your attention

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