Executive Summary

Monthly Protection Monitoring Report – Nord Kivu May 2015

Executive Summary

2788 incidents have been recorded in May 2015. The number has decreased/increased by x% compared to April 2015, when 2936 incidents were reported.

The territory Incidents per territory of Rutshuru has accounted BENI 442

for the LUBERO 520

majority of MASISI 517

incidents in NYIRAGONGO 110

RUTSHURU 792 May 2015 WALIKALE 407

TOTAL 2788 Incidents per alleged perpetrator Incidents per category of victim

Number of cases per type of incidents

The majority of incidents in May 2015 were violations to the right of property and liberty

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I. Summary of main protection concerns

 Around 20 households have been displaced from the Gikingo village to Bukombo village, in the groupement of the same name in Rutshuru and also towards the Kizimba displacement site, groupement of Bishusha, escaping the activity by armed individuals who put fire to 7 houses on 14 May 2015. They are now living in precarious conditions.  During the week from the 25 to 31 May, a number of night incursions were reported in Beni city.

II. Protection context by territory

MASISI The killing of two civilians in Kitshanga by PNC/GMI members has had detrimental effects for the cohabitation between the population and PNC. The civilians have threatened PNC members and demand the permanent withdrawal of this specific unit. This incident generated an environment of tension between the local civilian authorities and the population. The attention of the authorities and their hierarchy is necessary to avoid a new source of hostility. On 18 May 2015, fighting between FARDC and Nyatura has taken place in Ngululu, groupement of Nyamaboko 1, leading to a massive displacement of the population from the villages of Ruseme, Nyabyashwa and Kitengere to the centre of luke and Bivumu. After the withdrawal of FARDC from the localités of Nyange, Mpati and Kivuye to the North of Masisi Centre, FDDH, FDLR and Volontaires members have taken control of the area. On 20 May 2015, clashes between Volontaires, FDLR and FDDH took place in Nyange. Taking into consideration this situation, the displaced people in the camps of Nyange and Kitso have emptied the camps and left towards Mpati and Kalengera and around Bweru. A partial return of the displaced has been observed given that the situation is relatively calm. Throughout the month of May there has been less enthusiasm in the return of the displaced. 2 households have returned to their home areas, compared with the month of April when 427 returnee households were registered. The displaced are uncertain about returning due to the intense activity of armed groups in certain areas, night incursions and land disputes. Taking into consideration the security situation on the Mpati – Bibwe road and this whole area, the population demands the strengthening of the presence of security agents for the protection of civilians.

RUTSHURU Incursions followed by numerous cases of looting, killings and fires perpetrated by armed groups and individuals have been reported, respectively, in the groupements of Busanza, Binza, Mutanda and Bukombo. In many localités in this area, there is no presence of FARDC or PNC. On 29 April 2015, an interethnic tension was observed in Nyamilima-centre in the groupement of Binza following the death of 5 civilians of the Nande tribe by alleged Nyatura members, supposedly supported by members of the Hutu community. These events were followed by revenge acts by members of these two tribes. On 11 May 2015, FARDC members launched an attack against FDLR members in the Nkwenda village, in the groupement of Bukoma. Alleged Nyatura members have attacked FARDC units in Maluho village, groupement of Bukombo, on 17 May 2015. The upsurge of attacks against motorbikes and vehicles followed by kidnappings, assaults and robbery reported on many roads is a result of the reprisal attacks by scattered FDLR and armed individuals. It is important to notice that during the month of May 2015, more enthusiasm was noticed in terms of spontaneous repatriation due to the planting season for which harvest is awaited. Around the localité of Kisharo, in the groupement of Binza, the number of incidents has decreased following the assassination of the head of the criminal group called Kamodoka by one of his allies.

WALIKALE

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A number of clashes between armed groups have been reported in Walikale. For example between two Raia Mutomboki factions of Ngoa and Shebi in the village of Mwanga, groupement of Waloa Uroba and also between two sides of Mai Mai (NDC Cheka and Guido) in the village of Minsunsu, groupement of Ihana, and between the Mai Mai Kifuafua from Kifuruka and those of Busurungi. One recurring reason for the conflicts is the control of entities benefiting from mining sites. Additionally, clashes between FARDC and a group of Mai Mai Kifuafua in the village of Chambucha, localité of Makungurano, groupement of Waloa Loanda have been reported. Violations against civilians have been recorded, as well as population movements. An upsurge in the Raia Mutomboki incursions in the village of Mutiku and the Idambo mining site, in the localité of Bani Samasi, groupement of Bakano, has been reported. Former inmates from the Walikale prison who have escaped have been disturbing the tranquility of the civilian population in the groupements of Wassa and Utunda Sud. The return of 49 households in the groupements of Luberike, Bakano and Utunda have been reported, as well as the displaement of 184 households from the area around Limangi-Misau towards the villages of Kibua, Mera, Nsindo, Kasuka, Lubonga, Binyampuri and Luvungi and to the groupement of Waloa Loanda. The displacement was caused by clashes between the two NDC factions.

NYIRAGONGO In Nyiragongo a number of cases of attacks to vehicles followed by kidnappings, killings and assaults have been reported. One of these cases took place around the villages of Bujari and Kaguri, on the Kiwaja-Goma road in the groupement of Kibati. The returnee and resident populations are worried and demand the immediate deployment of FARDC units in teir area because both FARDC and PNC are absent. On 20 May 2015, a popular unrest against the PNC/Munigi was reported in Bugerere, groupement of Munigi, following the attempt by the PNC to set free an alleged armed individual that had just performed an incursion in this area. One civilian was wounded by a shot from the PNC. This situation was resolved by FARD Commandos members. Violations of the right to property, liberty and physical integrity perpetrated against civilians by FARDC members from the 321, 391 and 311 batallions, certain members of PNC, DGM, ANR and local authorities have been reported in many groupements of this territory. Violations were also perpetrated by alleged FARDC members of the 313 batallion during their movement to strengthen their military positions in Kisheke, Kaguri and Mujoga in the groupement of Kibati. Incursions by armed individuals have also been reported in some areas of the groupements of Mudja and Munigi where a number of houses were looted.

BENI A number of civilians was killed during the incursions by alleged ADF in their villages, mostly in the groupements of Batangi-Mbau and Bambuba-Kisiki. The population is worried in spite of the messages related to peace that were launched by central government authorities. The operations of changing FARDC units in Sukola 1 operational zones can bring instability. Threats and risks have increased in certain areas. However, a relative calm has been observed in Beni territory around the end of the month, in spite of the protection incidents reported in many groupements. The security situation has been disquieting on the Mavivi-Mbau-Eringeti road during the whole month, following a number of incursions followed by massacres of civilians allegedly perpetrated by ADF. A part of the Mbau-Eringeti road is not under control of FARDC. During the counter-attack and response operations, certin FARDC members have perpetrated many violations against civilians. FARDC and PNC members are accused of taking advantage of their patrol ours to perpetrate violations against the inhabitants of Beni city. This would be one of the reasons why the number of incidents of robbery and extortion have increased during the period examined. The confusion is amplified by the operations to change the FARDC units in place. Since the FARDC has decided to intensify the conflict in the Northern part of Beni territory, movement of alleged ADF members have been reported from the North to the South-Eastern part of Beni territory. Following the massacre of civilians in Katinadoko, Mbau, Sikwaila, Mangboko and Mavivi, a number of households have been displaced towards urban centres, especially Beni city, Butembo and Oicha. Over 3109 households were displaced from the affected villages to Beni city or other areas that are relatively calm.

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The majority of the population in Beni territory is afraid about the security situation and demands therefore the strengthening of the security measures in the whole territory.

LUBERO Throughout the month of May, the population in Butembo city has been affected by many cases of night incursions and attacks in the Butembo-Beni road. Armed individuals have been visible during some of these operations. According to their allegations, these individuais collaborate with ADF that are operating around Beni. Additionally, the population of the groupements of Itala Tama, Lughenge and Musindi has been the most affected by multiple abuses perpetrated by FDLR, Mai Mai and armed individuals. On 13 May, the chief of the localité of Bunyangingi (groupement of Itala, chiefdom of Batangi) was killed by alleged FDLR. The first allegations were related to the power struggles and land disputes that have increased in Itala in the past 2 years. On the same date, the arrival of over 50 FDLR members was reported in Mbughavimywa. On 21 May, PNVI agents and FARDC attacked the population, in violation to the agreements signed between the manager of PNVI and the local chiefs. These agreements give a period of 3 months to the farmers to gather their harvest. 7 people were killed. On 25 May, there was a threat by FDLR members against FARDC in Kanyabayonga following the arrest of two FDLR colonels by two FARDC working with DDRRR. FDLR wounded FARDC officials, who shot in the direction of the transit camp. 5 FDLR members were wounded and some FARDC members received minor injuries. Following this incident, the FDLR dependents were dispersed. On 28 May, a number of people were arbitrarily arrested by Mai Mai for having missed the rehabilitation works for the Mai Mai huts in Kanyatsi, localité of Bunyamuhima. During the month of May, over 50 households were displaced from Fatua to other areas in the same groupement of Lughenge. Many of the displaced people in villages in Southern Lubero have not yet been assisted. Administrative problems related to the committees of displaced people which are in place as well as other challenges remain, and durable solutions are necessary. The implication of state authorities is noted among the alleged attackers. A training of these law enforcement agents should take place.

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III. Analysis of the context

IV. 1 Table of incidents per territory

70 16 - 11 116 - 4 78 51 65 8 15 4 4 442 BENI

GOMA 1 - - - - - 8 9 20 - - 2 - 1 41

LUBERO 123 13 - 46 101 2 17 129 48 20 4 7 4 6 520

MASISI 99 2 - 38 104 60 4 78 72 8 24 1 6 21 517

NYIRAGONGO 5 1 - 1 21 - - 15 8 - 3 2 4 9 69

RUTSHURU 80 14 - 118 268 79 11 115 41 9 8 35 4 10 792

WALIKALE 72 - - 56 85 124 - 38 14 - 6 4 3 5 407 TOTAL 450 46 0 270 695 265 44 462 254 102 53 66 25 56 2788

Comments

 The number of protection incidents has decreased by 5% compared to April 2015 when 2,936 incidents were reported.  A significant decrease of 30% can be noted in the number of incidents reported in Masisi compared to April 2015, when 741 incidents were collected. In Walikale the number of incidents has also decreased, this time by 27%. However, in Rutshuru the number of incidents reported has increased by 17% compared to the previous month, when 674 incidents were reported.  Even though the general trend that can be noted is a decrease in the number of incidents, some type of violations have seen an increase: . The number of kidnappings reported has increased by 84% compared to April 2015 when 25 kidnappings were reported. . The total number of homicides reported has increased significantly. In April 2015 there were 66, meaning an increase of 54%. This increase has taken place especially in Beni (85% more) and Lubero (66% more). . The number of incidents related to illegal tax collection has increased 12% compared to the previous month and the number of fires has seen a slight increase of 2%, as well as theft and looting, that has increased by 2,2%. The number of incidents involving injuries and maiming has increased by 11%, “other sexual violence” has increased by 31,5% and the number of “other incidents” has increased by 10%.

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III.2 Table of incidents per actor

FARDC 155 3 - 162 334 131 - 68 59 6 10 6 3 21 958 FDLR 15 7 - 41 62 8 - 59 23 14 - 21 - - 250 ADF/Nalu - 11 - - 1 - - 2 13 64 - - - - 91 Nyatura 4 - - 3 26 28 - 7 13 - 11 - 1 2 95 Mai Mai 16 7 - 18 17 12 4 9 3 1 6 - 1 - 94 Other armed groups 3 3 - 31 37 16 3 56 16 2 6 1 - 1 175 PNC 192 - - 4 69 - - 1 20 1 9 - - 9 305 Other Civ. authority 6 - - 1 25 27 - - 1 - - - - - 60 Civilian Population 6 - - 8 5 2 12 19 47 3 2 22 16 12 154 Others 53 15 - 2 119 41 25 241 59 11 9 16 4 11 606 TOTAL 450 46 0 270 695 265 44 462 254 102 53 66 25 56 2788

Comments

 The number of incidents that were allegedly perpetrated by FARDC has increased slightly, by 0,7% compared to April 2015, when 951 incidents were collected. However, the number of cases of forced labour perpetrated by FARDC has decreased by 13,8% in May 2015 compared to the previous month, the numbe of cases of extortion has slightly decreased by 2%, and the amount of cases of torture has decreased by 68% compared to April 2015.  The category of “other armed groups” has seen a significant increase of 103% in the cases perpetrated in May 2015 compared to April 2015, when 86 cases have allegedly been perpetrated by “other armed groups”.  The number of incidents perpetrated by ADF/Nalu has increased by 57% compared to April 2015. Nevertheless, the number of incidents perpetrated by Mai Mai groups has decreased by 65,3%, the amount of incidents that have allegedly been perpetrated by PNC has decreased by 17% and the number of incidents perpetrated by “other civilian authorities” have decreased by 41% compared with the previous month. The majority (73%) of incidents perpetrated by “other civilian authorities” have taken place in Lubero territory.

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III.3 Table of incidents per category of victim/survivor

Residents 291 27 - 174 495 208 18 322 161 88 40 57 23 41 1945 IDP 45 4 - 25 53 12 14 46 61 8 5 3 - 7 283 Returnee IDPs 106 15 - 65 139 45 12 92 32 6 8 4 2 7 533 Spontaneously Repatriated 8 - - 6 8 - - 2 - - - 2 - 1 27 Refugees ------0

TOTAL 450 46 0 270 695 265 44 462 254 102 53 66 25 56 2788

Comments

 A significant increase can be noticed in the number of incidents that have residents as victims/survivors. In April 2015 they have been 50% of victims, while in May 2015 they accounted for 69,7%. The increase from 1738 cases in April to 1945 cases in May represent an increase of 12%.  The number of incidents involving IDPs has decreased considerably, with 515 cases in April 2015 to 293 cases in May 2015, therefore a decrease of 43%.  The number of victims who are returnee IDPs has also decreased. In April 2015 they have been the victims of 657 incidents, while in May 2015 533 incidents affected this segment of the population, representing a decrease of 18%.

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III.4 Table of incidents disaggregating gender and age

VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO LIBERTY VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO PROPERTY SEXUAL VIOLENCE OTHER PHYSICAL INTEGRITY Other Arbitrary Forced Forced Illegal Tax Theft/ Injuries / Other Kidnapping Extortion Fire Homicides Torture Rapes sexual Total arrest Recruitment Labour Collection Looting Maiming incidents violence Femmes 0-4 ------0 5-11 - 1 - 1 - - - - 2 - - 7 3 - 14 12-17 - 1 - 2 15 10 - 3 2 4 - 19 8 - 64 18-59 24 8 - 8 127 53 10 96 51 15 4 33 12 5 446 60+ 3 1 - - 2 - 4 5 5 1 - 3 - - 24 Sous-total 27 11 0 11 144 63 14 104 60 20 4 62 23 5 548

Hommes 0-4 ------1 - - - - 1 5-11 7 2 ------4 1 - - - - 14 12-17 22 - - 12 7 4 1 1 7 2 2 1 - - 59 18-59 380 32 - 237 529 191 27 341 174 74 44 3 2 49 2083 60+ 14 1 - 10 15 7 2 16 9 4 3 - - 2 83 Sous-total 423 35 0 259 551 202 30 358 194 82 49 4 2 51 2240

Total 450 46 0 270 695 265 44 462 254 102 53 66 25 56 2788

Comments

 In relation to child protection, the protection monitoring system has recorded 8 homicides, a considerable decrease compared to April 2015, when 14 homicides of minors were reported. 4 cases of kidnapping and 0 cases of forced recruitment have been reported in May 2015. Additionally, 27 cases of rape of minors and 11 cases of other sexual violence, including forced marriage and sexual aggression, have been recorded. Children were the victims of 5,4% of the incidents reported in April 2015, a significant decreased compared to April 2015, when they accounted for 8,2% of cases.  In relation to the protection of women, they have accounted for 19,6% of the victims of all incidents reported in May 2015, and 93,4% of the survivors of sexual violence in the same period.

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