Aeronautical Assessment Report

re Proposed Residential Development to east of Stoney Hill Road, Rathcoole, South County Dublin

for Strategic Housing Development Planning Application

for Romeville Developments Ltd.

May 2020

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O ’ D W Y E R & J O N E S D E S I G N P A R T N E R S H I P A V I A T I O N P L A N N I N G & A R C H I T E C T U R E C O N S U L T A N T S 2 8 L E E S O N P A R K • D U B L I N 6 • t e l .: 3 5 3 - 1- 4 9 8 1 8 9 3 [ f a x: 3 5 3 - 1- 4 9 6 4 4 1 0 ] ______www.AviationPlanning.ie e.: [email protected] / [email protected] Aviation Report (SHD Application) 1 re Proposed Development at Stoney Hill Road, Rathcoole, South County Dublin

INDEX page 1. Scope of Report and Location of the Site . . . . 1 2. Obstacle Limitation Surfaces in Relation to the Site . . . 3 3. Relevant S.D.C.C. Development Plan Paragraphs . . . 4 4. Layout & Heights of the Proposed Development . . . 6 5. Th e Site in relation to the Approach Surface to Casement’s Runway 04 9 6. Th e Site in relation to Weston Airport’s Outer Horizontal Surface . 10 7. Th e Site in relation to Casement Aerodrome’s Inner Horizontal Surface 11 8. Longitudinal Section Diagram and Aerial Photo Map . . 12 9. Assessment of the Site in Relation to Casement’s Inner Horizontal Surface 13 10. Conclusion with regard to Casement’s Inner Horizontal Surface . 20 11. Other Aviation Considerations (lighting, cranes, solar panels, helipad) 21 12. Summary ...... 23

1. Scope of Report and Location of the Site

1.1 Th is report assesses the aviation impact of a proposed Strategic Housing Development planning application on two sites totalling 7.985 hectares in South County Dublin, located to the east (& north) of Stoney Hill Road at Rathcoole.

1.2 Some Aviation Changes to Note (at variance with the SDCC Development Plan):

(i) In December 2017, the standards relating to the nine international and regional airports in Ireland (including Weston and Dublin, but not Casement) came under EASA [European Aviation Safety Agency] control – rather than (as previously) under ICAO [International Civil Aviation Organization] control – with several changes to airport design specifi cations (including narrower Approach Surfaces). (ii) In November 2018, I.C.A.O. issued revised ‘Annex 14’ Standards bringing these in line with the new E.A.S.A. airport specifi cations. (iii) In February 2019, Casement’s runway designations were changed: its main runway (formerly 11/29, as in the SDCC Development Plan) was redesignated as 10/28, and its subsidiary runway (formerly 05/23) was redesignated as 04/22. Th is arose from a shift in magnetic variation which aff ected Casement. In this report we use the new 2019 designations, but they refer to the same runways as are in the SDCC Plan. Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 2

1.3 Th e Site in Relation to the Current S.D.C.C. Development Plan:

In the current South Dublin County Council Development Plan 2016-2022, the site directly to the east of Stoney Hill Road at Rathcoole is zoned ‘Objective RES-N: to provide for new residential communities in accordance with approved area plans.’

Th e Site location is outlined in red in the extract below from SDCC Development Plan Map 8.

1.4 Items of aeronautical signifi cance in relation to the site are:

(i) Th e land is elevated, with ground levels on the larger housing site rising from 127m OD (northern edge) to 139m OD (southern edge), and with the smaller separate crèche site at 120.8m OD approx.; (ii) Th e site is not far from Casement military aerodrome (within South County Dublin), at distances from the threshold of Casement’s Runway 04 of between 1.81 km (to its northern edge) and 2.13 km (to its southern edge), and with the crèche site lying under the Approach Surface to Casement’s Runway 04; (iii) Th e site lies within the area of Casement Aerodrome’s Inner Horizontal Surface, and beside various large trees currently marked as potential obstacles to aviation on data issued by Casement Aerodrome and the Irish Aviation Authority; (iv) Th e site lies under a new Outer Horizontal Surface designated by the I.A.A. around Weston Airport (of radius 10km, and at elevation 196.3m OD). [Th ese items (i) to (iv) are illustrated in the diagrams in Section #8 on page 12] Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 3

2. Obstacle Limitation Surfaces in Relation to the Site

2.1 Th e Department of Defence has adopted the I.C.A.O. Obstacle Limitation Surfaces in relation to Casement Aerodrome. Although Casement, being a military aerodrome, is not bound by these civil aviation standards, the Department of Defence has opted to apply these Standards at Casement (to protect aircraft in fl ight). Th ese Obstacle Limitation Surfaces – similar to the E.A.S.A. Specifi cations which now apply at Dublin and Weston airports – are set out by the International Civil Aviation Organization (based in Montreal) as International Standards and Recommended Practices in its Annex 14 – ‘Aerodromes’ document (as revised in November 2018).

2.2 Obstacle Limitation Surfaces of relevance to this particular site at Rathcoole are (i) the Inner Horizontal Surface for Casement Aerodrome as a whole; and (ii) the Approach and Take-Off -Climb Surfaces to/from Runways 04/22; and (iii) a new Outer Horizontal Surface for Weston Airport (at 196.3m OD). Th e Inner Horizontal Surface is a horizontal plane lying at 45m above the aerodrome’s datum level (a datum set at 86.6m OD for Casement Aerodrome). Th e Approach and Take-Off -Climb surfaces are inclined planes (of diff erent widths which increase as distance from the runway increases, and which rise at diff erent slopes depending on the category of runway). Th e Outer Horizontal Surface is a horizontal plane at 150m above an airport’s datum.

2.3 Th e entire site lies within the area of the Inner Horizontal Surface at Casement; with a part of it under the Approach Surface to Casement Runway 04 , as was designated by the Department of Defence, and as indicated on the current South Dublin County Council Development Plan Index Map (illustrated below). SOUTH DUBLIN COUNTY COUNCIL DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2016 - 2022 INFRASTRUCTURE & ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY (IE)

IE8 Objective 2: To maintain the airspace around the aerodrome free from obstacles to facilitate aircraft operations to be conducted safely, including restricting development in the environs of the aerodrome. Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 4 The airspace of Casement is defined by the Obstacle Limitations Surfaces, prepared and mapped on the County Development Plan map in accordance with the ICAO Standards and the Irish Aviation Authority ‘Guidance Material on Aerodrome Annex 14 Surfaces (2015)’, including the following:

a). Prevent objects from penetrating the Obstacle Limitation Surfaces for runway 11/29. The existing 3. Relevantmain runway S.D.C.C. (11/29) Development is considered as an Plan instrument Paragraphs approach Code 4 runway and the relevant Obstacle Limitation Surfaces of the Irish Aviation Authority ‘Guidance Material on Aerodrome Annex 14 Surfaces’ (2015) are applicable. Of particular relevance to the aeronautical assessment of the site in question areb). thePrevent paragraphs objects from reproduced penetrating below the established from the International South Dublin Civil Aviation County Organisation Council (ICAO) DevelopmentAnnex 14 standards Plan 2016-2022, for approach, includingtransitional, —inner horizontal and conical Code 3 Obstacle Limitation Surfaces for the subsidiary instrument approach runway (23) in accordance with Tables 1-7 of the Irish Aviation Authority ‘Guidance Material on Aerodrome Annex 14 Surfaces’ (2015). The 3.1 (i) extentthe ofparagraph the lands under (c) referring the runway to approach Casement’s surface subsidiary whereby no runwaydevelopment on pageis allowed 137 forof SOUTH runway DUBLINthe Plan 23 COUNTY (Corkagh (under COUNCIL Park) section is DEVELOPMENT shown 7.8.1 on the ‘Casement PLANDevelopment 2016 Aerodrome’,- 2022 Plan maps. i.e ‘IE8 1,100 Objective metres. 2’) – IMPLEMENTATION

c). Protect runway 05 as a Code 3 subsidiary visual approach runway due to the land contours in the area and prevent objects from penetrating the relevant approach, transitional, inner horizontal and conical limitation surfaces for a visual approach runway in accordance with Section 3.13 of the Irish Aviation Authority ‘Guidance Material on Aerodrome Annex 14 Surfaces’ (2015). The extent of Innerthe Approach lands under Area the runway approach surface whereby no development is allowed for runway 05 (Rathcoole end) is shown on the Development Plan maps (i.e 1,100 metres) and the ICAO standards Within the Inner Approach Area (the area under the Inner Approach Surface) development shall be will not prejudice the development of zoned lands in Rathcoole. prohibited, save for whereby development could not reasonably expect to increase the number of peopleIE8 Objective working 3: or congregating in or at the property. This may include development such as the extension of an existing dwelling or a change of building use. New developments with a high intensity 3.2 (ii)To implementthe paragraphs the principles on of ‘Outer shielding Approach in assessing Area’ proposed on page development 229 of inthe the Plan vicinity (under of of use are prohibited. Aerodromes,section having 11.6.6 regard ‘Aerodromes’) to Section 3.23 of– thethe Irishlongitudinal Aviation Authority section referred‘Guidance to Material is on p.12 on : OuterAerodrome Approach Annex Area 14 Surfaces (2015)’. UnderIE8 Objective the Outer 4: Approach Surface (outside the Inner Approach Area but within the approach funnels), graded heights of development below the Obstacle Limitation Surfaces of the runways may be To prohibit and restrict development in the environs of Casement Aerodrome in the following ways: permitted, subject to demonstration that the development is not an obstacle to the operation of the runway.a) By prohibiting development within the immediately adjacent approach areas to reduce the slight risk to persons on the ground and the increased risk to occupants of an aircraft in the event of The Planning Authority will consult with the DoD and the IAA, as required, in this assessment. The the aircraft accidentally touching down outside the aerodrome boundary while taking off or Planning Authority will require the applicant to submit a longitudinal section through the relevant approaching to land, except where development could not reasonably expect to increase the Approach Surface funnel. The section drawing shall include the following: number of people working or congregating in or at the property (this may include development Thesuch Or asdnance the extension Datum (OD)of an of existing the relevant dwelling runway, or a change of building use). In general, no development shall be permitted within the Public Safety Zones. The approach surface slope for the relevant runway in accordance with Table 3 & 4 of the IAA b) GuidanceBy applying Material height on restrictions Aerodrome to Annexdevelopment 14 Surfaces in the (2015) environs and ofset the out Aerodrome. in Table 11.26 below,

Tablec) By 11.26: eliminating Aerodrome potential Surface sources Slopes of interference with the operation of electronic navigation aids. d) By obviating possible hazards to aircraft through the generation of smoke, dust or fumes which APPROACH RUNWAY SURFACE SLOPE may reduce visibility. Casement Runways 11/29 2% for first sector (3000m) e) By controlling and assessing the locations of any activities which may be an[i.e. attraction Runways to 10/28]birds. Casement Runways 05/23 3.33% (non – instrument runway) f) By limiting the extent, height and type of external lighting to avoid confusing[i.e. pilots Runways in the 04/22] Westoninterpretation Runway 07/25 of aeronautical lights4% or cause dazzle or glare.

The The extent OD of the restrictionhighest point necessary and OD inof anythe particularpredominant instance height depends of the proposed on its purpose. development, In some cases, more than one purpose may have to be served in which case a combination of the restrictions to satisfyA range all of the OD purposes reference to points be served for the will existing be necessary. ground levels on the subject site, The horizontal distance of the subject site from the Aerodrome, and Heights of existing permanent obstacles in the vicinity of the site if applying the principle of shielding (see Section 3.23 of the Irish Aviation Authority Guidance Material on Aerodrome Annex 14 Surfaces, 2015). The distance from threshold shall be taken into account in the section drawing. 137 For significant developments and in instances of marginal cases, the applicant may be requested to submit an individual aeronautical assessment.

229 IMPLEMENTATION SOUTH DUBLIN COUNTY COUNCIL DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2016 - 2022 Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 5

Conicaland Surface 3.3 Generally,(iii) the development paragraphs will on be ‘Inner acceptable Horizontal in this zone Surface’ provided the on development page 230 of is theunder Plan the height restriction (also of 45 under metres Section above the 11.6.6 elevation ‘Aerodromes’) datum of the Aerodrome – (86.6m OD). The applicant shall be required to detail the OD height of the proposed development, in the context of IMPLEMENTATIONthe relevantIMPLEMENTATION Aerodrome. SOUTH DUBLIN COUNTYSOUTH COUNCIL DUBLIN DEVELOPMENT COUNTY COUNCIL PLAN DEVELOPMENT 2016 - 2022 PLAN 2016 - 2022

Inner Horizontal Surface Generally, development will be acceptable in this zone, subject to the development having an OD height below the height restriction of the Inner Horizontal Surface (generally 45 metres above the elevation datum of the Aerodrome). In general, this will be applicable to development above the prevalent [correction: buildingConical height Surface (based Conicalon OD) of Surface the area. The Inner Horizontal Surface of Casement is 86.6 metres OD 131.6m o.d.] andGenerally, Weston is development 91.3 metresGenerally, OD.will Similarbe development acceptable to development in will this be zone acceptablewithin provided the Outerin the this development Approach zone provided Surface, is under the the development the applicant height is under the height shouldrestriction demonstrate of 45 metres thatrestriction the above proposed the of 45 elevation metresdevelopment datumabove theisof not the elevation an Aerodrome obstacle datum to(86.6m theof the Aerodrome OD). Aerodrome airspace. (86.6m OD). TheThe applicant applicant shall shall be be requiredThe required applicant to todetail detailshall the be the OD required OD height height toof detailtheof the proposed theproposed OD height development, development, of the proposed in thein the context development,context of of in the context of thethe relevant relevant Aerodrome. Aerodrome.the relevant Aerodrome.

OuterInner Horizontal Horizontal Surface SurfaceInner Horizontal Surface 3.4 InWe areasGenerally, have beyond advised development the limits S.D.C.C.Generally, of will the be Conical redevelopment acceptable a misprint Surface, in will this inobjects be zone,the acceptable Developmentand subject proposed into thisthe development developmentzone, Plan subject in the which havingto paragraphthe extend development an OD to height a having an OD height heightreproducedbelow of the150 height metres directly restriction orbelow moreabove: abovethe of theheight the Inner Inner ODrestriction Horizontal elevation Horizontal of of theSurface the Inner Aerodrome Surface (generally Horizontal of should 45 CasementSurface metres be regarded (generally above Aerodrome the as 45 elevation obstacles, metres above the elevation unlessis datumin fact a special of set the at Aerodrome).aeronautical 131.6datum metres Instudy of general, the OD indicates Aerodrome). this[not will that at be Inthey86.6m applicablegeneral, do notOD this constitute to as willdevelopment written, be applicable a hazard but above toat to aeroplanes. 45m developmentthe prevalent higher: above the prevalent building height (basedbuilding on OD) height of the (based area. The on OD)Inner of Horizontal the area. The Surface Inner of Horizontal Casement Surface is 86.6 metresof Casement OD is 86.6 metres OD Department86.6m OD of is Defencethe datum Restrictions above which Casement’s IHS was established]. The prevalent and Weston is 91.3 metresand Weston OD. Similar is 91.3 to metres development OD. Similar within to developmentthe Outer Approach within Surface,the Outer the Approach applicant Surface, the applicant a)building shouldInner Zdemonstrate oneheights in should thatthe theStoney demonstrate proposed Hill development Road that the area proposed extendis not andevelopment above obstacle Casement’s to isthe not Aerodrome an obstacle IHS airspace.. to the Aerodrome airspace. Within the DoD Inner Zone, in view of the volume of helicopter operations and the level and 3.5 It Themay applicant be noted shall that, beThe required while applicant allto detailshallfour be theApproach required OD height to Areasdetailof the theproposed to OD Casement’s height development, of the runways proposed in the are development,context of in the context of thevariety relevant of aircraft Aerodrome. trainingthe relevant movements Aerodrome. and for safety and security reasons, planning applications shownfor structures to the same such as dimensions high mast lighting on the and S.D.C.C. antennae, inIndex the Inner Map, Zone they will are be subject described to special inOuter theexamination Plan Horizontal (see by the paragraphsSurfaceOuter DoD to Horizontal ensure 3.1 that& Surface 3.2 their above) construction as being would different, not be undesirable i.e. ‘instrument’ for safety, ApproachesInsecurity areas beyond or operationalto runwaysthe limitsIn areas reasons. of10 beyondthe & Conical 28, the and limitsSurface, ‘visual’ of theobjects (non-instrument) Conical and Surface,proposed objects development Approaches and proposed which to developmentextend to a which extend to a runwaysheightIn general, of 22 150 within& metres 04 the(theheight or DoD more relevant ofInner above150 Zone metres runway the (delineated OD or elevation more for Rathcoole).above on of Development the the Aerodrome OD elevation Under Plan should Map),ofI.C.A.O. the bein Aerodrome additionregarded Annex to asshould the obstacles, be regarded as obstacles, 14unless Obstacledefinitions, a special Limitation aeronauticala non-instrumentunless Surfaces a specialstudy for the indicates aeronautical Aerodrome, Approach that theynostudy Surfacebuildings do indicates not constituteis or structuresthatmuch they anarrower hazard do exceeding not to constitute inaeroplanes. 20width metres a hazard in to aeroplanes. height above ground level should be permitted except where specifically agreed in writing following thanDepartment an instrument of DefenceDepartment Approach Restrictions of surface Defence (commencing Restrictions at 150m width rather consultation with the DoD that the proposed development will not affect the safety, efficiency or thana)regularity Inner280m, Z oneof and operations diverginga) Inner at the toZ oneaerodrome. the sides at 10% rather than 15%), so that under those width definitions no part of these sites would lie under a narrower “non- Within the DoD InnerWithin Zone, thein view DoD of Inner the volumeZone, in of view helicopter of the volume operations of helicopter and the level operations and and the level and b) Security Zone instrument”variety of Approach aircraft trainingvariety Surface ofmovements aircraft to Casement trainingand for safety movementsRunway and security 04.and forIt reasons, issafety however and planning security noted applications reasons, in planning applications theCasement Developmentfor structures Aerodrome such Plan as isfor highthethat structures only mast the secure lighting(non-instrument) such military as and high antennae, aerodrome mast lighting Approachin inthe the and Inner State. antennae, ZoneSurface The will requirement in be tothe subject Casement Inner forZoneto specialsuch will be subject to special Runwaya facilityexamination 04 has [see been by paragraph underlinedthe DoDexamination to ensure3.2(ii)by its useby that above] the for their DoDthe constructionriseshighest to ensure at level a that steeper wouldinter-governmental their notconstructionslope be undesirable (3.33%) taskswould than andfor not safety, for be undesirable for safety, sensitivesecurity extraditions. or operational Thesecurity reasons. arrivals or operational area is not overlooked reasons. from any building in close proximity and theconsequently, other ‘instrument’ there is a Approachesrequirement to (at impose 2%), restrictions and this onprovides development additional in that areaclearance and in abovecloseIn this general, proximity particular within to the the siteaerodromeIn DoD general, [see Inner calculations boundarywithin Zone (delineatedthe toDoD in maintain SectionInner on ZoneDevelopment same. 5 following (delineated Plan on on Map),page Development in9]. addition Plan to theMap), in addition to the Obstacle Limitation SurfacesObstacle forLimitation the Aerodrome, Surfaces no for buildings the Aerodrome, or structures no buildings exceeding or structures 20 metres exceeding in 20 metres in In considering appropriate development within the Security Zone adjacent to the Aerodrome, the The heightDepartment above ground of height Defencelevel should above has groundbe considered permitted level should except it desirable bewhere permitted specifically to show except allagreed where Casement in specifically writing following agreed in writing following followingconsultation requirements with theconsultation shallDoD thatbe addressed the with proposed the either DoD development thatas part the of proposed a developmentwill not development affect submission the safety, will not orefficiency asaffect a the or safety, efficiency or runwayconditionregularity Approaches of permissionof operations atregularity wheresimilar at the appropriate: aerodrome. ofplan operations dimensions at the aerodrome. (although – as noted above, and confirmed in AIP document EIME AD-2 – Runway 04 is not an instrument Sterile Zone: A sterile zone shall be created from the existing Aerodrome boundary fence to the b) Security Zone b) Security Zone runway).boundary Additionally, of the development, the rising subject ground to a minimum to the width south of 2.5makes metres. it impossibleThis zone shall for be an gated ICAOwithCasement access‘instrument confined Aerodrome approach toCasement isDefence the only surface’ AerodromeForces secure Personnel to military Runwayis the (oraerodromeonly other 04secure (atby inmilitaryarrangement).a the2% State. slope) aerodrome The toThe requirement be DoDin fullythe reserves State. clear for Thesuchthe requirement for such of ‘obstacles’,righta facility to install has as alarm beenthe rising systemsunderlineda facility ground in thishas by itselfits beenarea. use underlinedwill for the project highest by aboveits level use inter-governmentalforsuch the an highest Approach level tasksinter-governmental Surface. and for tasks and for sensitive extraditions.sensitive The arrivals extraditions. area is not The overlooked arrivals area from is not any overlooked building in fromclose any proximity building and in close proximity and Boundaryconsequently, Fence thereof Development: consequently,is a requirement A 3 there metre to impose is high a requirement clear restrictions visibility to on impose fence development with restrictions integrated in that on development ramarea defence and in in that area and in 3.6 Webarriers alsoclose point proximityshall beout erected tothat theclose much whereaerodrome proximity theof thedevelopment boundary toinformation the aerodrome to sharesmaintain concerning a boundary boundary same. to withaviation maintain the Aerodrome. and same. aerodromes (including Casement military aerodrome) has been provided by our own firm to CCTV:In considering Any new development appropriateIn considering alongdevelopment the appropriate aerodrome within developmentthe perimeter Security shall Zone within be adjacent covered the Security toby the tilt Zone Aerodrome,and zoomadjacent the to the Aerodrome, the S.D.C.C.camerasfollowing (atwith requirementsthe a minimum timefollowing of zoom shallpreparation beof requirements 20:1,addressed or of an the improvedeither shall previous beas partaddressed magnification of Development a development either as as agreed. part submissionPlan). of Facilitiesa development or shall as a be submission or as a providedcondition for ofthe permission imagescondition from where these of appropriate: permissioncameras to wherebe shared appropriate: with the military authorities as and when required. Sterile Zone: A sterileSterile zone shallZone: be A createdsterile zone from shall the existingbe created Aerodrome from the boundaryexisting Aerodrome fence to the boundary fence to the boundary of the development,boundary of subject the development, to a minimum subject width to of a2.5 minimum metres. widthThis zone of 2.5 shall metres. be gated This zone shall be gated with access confinedwith to accessDefence confined Forces Personnel to Defence (or Forcesother byPersonnel arrangement). (or other The by DoDarrangement). reserves the The DoD reserves the right to install alarm rightsystems to install in this alarm area. systems in this area. 230 Boundary Fence of Development:Boundary Fence A 3 of metre Development: high clear visibilityA 3 metre fence high withclear integrated visibility fence ram defencewith integrated ram defence barriers shall be erectedbarriers where shall the be development erected where shares the development a boundary with shares the aAerodrome. boundary with the Aerodrome. CCTV: Any new developmentCCTV: Any along new thedevelopment aerodrome along perimeter the aerodrome shall be covered perimeter by tilt shall and be zoom covered by tilt and zoom cameras with a minimumcameras zoom with of a20:1, minimum or an improved zoom of 20:1, magnification or an improved as agreed. magnification Facilities shallas agreed. be Facilities shall be provided for the imagesprovided from thesefor the cameras images tofrom be theseshared cameras with the to military be shared authorities with the as military and when authorities as and when required. required.

230 230 Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 6

4. Layout & Heights (Elevations OD) of the Proposed Development

4.1 The proposed development, on two sites totalling 7.985 ha., consists of — (a) 137 two- and three-storey houses plus 28 duplex units, of varying heights from 8.8m approx. to 10.25m (on ground rising from 124m OD at the site’s north edge to 142.15m OD at the site’s south edge); and (b) an apartment block (containing 53 apartments) of four storeys (plus basement) towards the north-west (lower) part of the site, with basement ffl at 125m OD and ground floor ffl at 128.7m OD and with its highest points (liftshaft housings) at 140.7m OD; (c) a two-storey crèche building on a separate site (of 0.202 ha at ~120.8m OD) with ground floor ffl at 121m OD and parapet level at 128.2m OD. ▲ — Section CC — ▲ Section CC

Plan Scale 1:2,800 approx.

The ground floor levels and the highest points of 20 of the houses (those with numbers underlined in red above), and of the crèche building and apartment block, are listed on the following page, along with cross-section drawing ‘CC’. Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 7

4.2 Heights (Elevations OD) of representative parts of the Proposed Development: House no.: Ground fl oor level: Highest point (ridge etc.): (see page 6) 001 130.95m OD ffl 140.35m OD 016 136.80m OD highest: 146.20m OD (see below) 017 136.25m OD 145.65m OD 032 132.35m OD 141.65m OD 033 133.00m OD 143.25m OD 050 133.25m OD 142.65m OD (see below) 070 130.20m OD 141.37m OD 071 131.20m OD 140.02m OD 080 130.90m OD 139.72m OD (see below) 083 131.50m OD 141.55m OD 096 130.00m OD 140.05m OD 097 128.20m OD 137.02m OD 106 128.70m OD 139.20m OD 110 134.25m OD 139.20m OD (see below) 112 129.30m OD 139.40m OD 130 128.30m OD 138.40m OD 131 127.79m OD 136.67m OD (see below) 135 126.59m OD lowest: 135.42m OD (see below) 142 129.00m OD 139.50m OD 163 128.30m OD ffl 138.80m OD

Apartment Block 125.00m OD (basement ffl) (see below) 128.00m OD (ground fl oor) 140.70m OD (lift-shafts) 140.40m OD (parapet) Crèche 121.00m OD ffl 128.20m OD (parapet)

Apartment Block 140.7m OD 146.2m OD 135.4m OD Shielding Line (from Rathcoole House no. 016 Shielding line from tree (existing marked obstacle) at ~147.5m OD tree Church) at 080 050 110 131 ~139.0m 135

Casement’s Inner Horizontal Surface at 131.6m OD

Site Cross-section (to approx. scale 1:2,000)

4.3 As noted on page 5 above, the Inner Horizontal Surface at Casement Aerodrome lies at 131.6m OD, and the fi gures and diagram above (in 4.2) show that the top of the apartment block and of all of the houses in this development – and the ground itself on which many of these houses are built – all project above this Surface, as do other existing buildings in the vicinity. An assessment of these heights in relation to Casement’s Inner Horizontal Surface follows in section 9 of this report (on pages 13-20). Only the crèche building lies below the Inner Horizontal Surface; however (as seen on the following page, which shows the development in relation to the Approach and Take-Off Surfaces to Casement’s Runway 04/22), this crèche building lies under the Approach Surface to Runway 04, and this aspect is analysed in section 5 (p.9) following. Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 8

4.4 Layout of Proposed Development in Relation to Approach & Take-off Surfaces:

120m OD crèche < building

edge of obstacles (trees) take-off climb surfacerunway from 22 identified on i.a.a. ‘asset’ diagrams

identified ‘obstacle’ (existing tall tree)

current edge of to runway 04 approach surface apartment < block

edge of < houses & duplexes > 2019 130m OD < >

pre– approach surface to runway 04 (05)

site > boundary 140m OD

Plan Scale 1:3,300 approx.

It can be seen that the all of the houses and the apartment block lie outside the Approach Surface to Runway 04 [coloured purple] (as plotted to instrument width, although runway 04 is not an instrument runway), and that the revisions made by ICAO to Approach Surface widths remove the Approach Surface farther from these dwellings. [At its closest, the Approach Surface lies at more than 20 metres above the most elevated part of the site, i.e. higher than any of the proposed development (see para. 5.3)] Th e Approach Surface (but not the lower Take-Off Climb Surface [coloured yellow]) does however lie above the proposed crèche.

4.5 Th e lands and the Surfaces mentioned above are shown in a Longitudinal Section Diagram on page 12, in which it will be noted – (i) that the Take-Off Climb Surface (at a 2% slope) lies below ground level to the south-west of the site; and (ii) that the Inner Horizontal Surface touches ground level on the site itself and lies below ground level for a signifi cant distance; and (iii) that there are a very large number of existing identifi ed obstacles (trees, pylons, poles, land, and buildings) which project above the Inner Horizontal Surface to signifi cantly greater heights than any of the proposed development (which is ‘shielded’ by these other objects and identifi ed obstacles). Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 9

5. The Site in relation to the Approach Surface to Casement Runway 04

5.1 Relevant Aerodrome Data: The relevant runway threshold (04) is stated on the current Aerodrome Chart EIME AD 2.24-1 of 2019 [at right >] to be at 319ft elevation, i.e. at 97.2m OD which is the elevation of its Approach Surface where it commences at 60m from the runway threshold.

5.2 Distances to the Site/s: We calculate that the crèche site lies at between 1.81km and 1.87km from the centre of the Flight Strip (i.e. the end of the Approach Surface) to Casement’s Runway 04/22 (with the nearest corner of the crèche building at 1.835km), and that the housing & apartment site lies at between between 1.91km and 1.99km from the same location. In order to calculate the exact elevation of the Approach Surface above the various locations, it is necessary to calculate the distances along the extended runway centreline opposite which the relevant parts lie. Thus the corner of the crèche building nearest to Runway 04 (which is at 330m approx laterally from the extended centreline of runways 04/22) lies at 1.805 km from the flight strip when measured along the extended centreline of runways 04/22. Similarly, the nearest and lowest house (no. 135, to the north of the site), lies at right angles to a point 1,870 metres from the flight strip (where the Approach Surface starts), and the highest house (no. 016, to the south of the site) lies at right angles to a point 1,950 metres from the flight strip.

5.7 Clearance Calculations for the Crèche building (under the Approach Surface): The elevation of the Approach Surface to Casement Runway 05 lies at 157.3m* OD above the northern side of the crèche building (where the ground elevation is at 120.8m OD), i.e. at 35.8 metres+ above the ground at this location. * calculated as follows: 1805 × 3.33% +97.2m OD = 60.1 + 97.2m = 157.3m OD

This clearance (of 36.3m min. above crèche ffl 121.0m OD) indicates that the proposed two-storey crèche development – no part of which exceeds 7.2m in height – lies well below the level of the Approach Surface to Casement’s Runway 04.

5.3 Housing Development (outside the Approach area): As no part of the proposed housing and apartment block development lies under the Approach Surface, it is not necessary to calculate clearances. However, by a similar method, it can be shown that the Approach Surface to runway 04 lies at 159.5m** OD (at its nearest) above the lowest part of this site, and at 162.1m*** OD (at its nearest) above the highest part of the site – where ground levels are at 124m and 142m OD respectively – i.e. well above all proposed development (from 135.4m to 146.2m OD. ** calculated as follows: 1870 × 3.33% +97.2m OD = 62.3 + 97.2m = 159.5m OD *** calculated as follows: 1950 × 3.33% +97.2m OD = 64.9 + 97.2m = 162.1m OD Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 10

6. The Site in relation to the Outer Horizontal Surface at Weston Airport

6.1 The diagram below shows, in blue, the three overlapping Outer Horizontal Surfaces (for Casement, Weston, & Dublin airports) which extend above South Dublin (as well as Kildare, Meath, Fingal, Dublin City, & Wicklow). The area outlined in white is an area (above 5 local authorities) where all three Outer Horizontal Surfaces overlap, with the one for Weston being the lowest. < Area of Overlap of Three > Outer Horizontal Surfaces

Outer Horizontal Surface

for Dublin Airport

WESTON AIRPORT Outer Horizontal Surface

for Weston Airport

CASEMENT AERODROME

Stoney Hill Road < SITE Areas where Weston’s > Outer Horizontal Surface > lies underground Outer Horizontal Surface for Casement Aerodrome

6.2 As noted, the Outer Horizontal Surface for Weston Airport is at 196.3 metres OD (being 150m above that airport’s datum level of 46.3m). Since the highest point of the proposed development is at 146.2m OD, the development will have no effect on the Outer Horizontal Surface for Weston Airport (which lies at 50 metres above that highest point).

6.3 A feature to note in the diagram above is that the ground directly to south of the Stoney Hill Road site rises so steeply that Weston’s new Outer Horizontal Surface lies underground in several locations (indicated in the darker purple shading above). Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 11

7. Th e Proposed Development in relation to Casement’s Inner Horizontal Surface

7.1 As noted above, the Inner Horizontal Surface at Casement Aerodrome is at 131.6 metres OD (45m above the Department of Defence’s chosen datum of 86.6m – which is the elevation of the aerodrome’s lowest runway threshold). On the drawing below [featuring Irish Aviation Authority & Air Corps data] the Inner Horizontal Surface is shown coloured blue, with the site’s location marked in red+yellow, and Approach Surfaces included in purple. —

▲ 235 m OD (Redgap area) ▲ Verschoyle’s Hill 336 m OD

7.2 It can be seen that the site falls well within the area of the Inner Horizontal Surface of Casement Aerodrome, and that the ridge of house #016 (the highest proposed element, at 146.2m OD, as noted in para. 4.2 on page 7 above), would project by about 14.6m above the Inner Horizontal Surface.

7.3 However, it can also be seen (from the contour lines included in the various drawings, and the elevations OD shown in the Longitudinal Section Diagram on the next page) that the Inner Horizontal Surface lies at and below the ground level on the site itself, and that a very large area of land (including part of the village of Rathcoole and about 1km of the Naas Road) lies above the 131.6 m OD elevation of the Inner Horizontal Surface. [Th is area is shown darker (grey-brown) in the diagram above.] In regard to the land which lies above the Inner Horizontal Surface (shown coloured brown in the above drawing), the ground reaches 235m+ OD in the Redgap area to south-west of the site, i.e. the ground lies above all four Surfaces – Take-Off Climb, Approach, Inner Horizontal, and Conical; and the ground reaches 336m OD at Verschoyle’s Hill to the south-east of the site, which is 204m above the Inner Horizontal Surface and 249m above the aerodrome’s datum elevation. Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 12

8. Section Diagram 1:20,000 horizontal (& map) scale 1:2,000 vertical scale [a4-size]

X 4-2020 SURFACE

170m 160m 150m 140m 130m 120m 110m 100m 90m 80m OD 200m OD 190m 180m ARTNERSHIP P ESIGN HORIZONTAL

D CONSULTANTS

INNER ONES

& J PLANNING

ABOVE

WYER LAND RUNWAY 04-22 RUNWAY = AVIATION O’D 1,462m Runway (Code 3) FLIGHT STRIP 280 x 1582m FLIGHT STRIP CASEMENT AERODROME CASEMENT 45m CASEMENT AERODROME RUNWAY 04-22 AERODROME RUNWAY CASEMENT ) AERODROME DATUM LEVEL set at 86.6m OD LEVEL AERODROME DATUM ^ (45m above Aerodrome Datum Level) (45m above (150m above Weston Airport's Datum Level) (150m above Weston . UNLIT ) ( CALE MAST 60m

WESTON OUTER HORIZONTAL SURFACE at 196.3m OD SURFACE OUTER HORIZONTAL WESTON S 97.2m OD (Rwy) APPROX to Rwy CASEMENT INNER HORIZONTAL SURFACE at 131.6m OD SURFACE INNER HORIZONTAL CASEMENT • Λ

PYLON / ORIZONTAL H Λ

Masts X POLE

[10x vertical scale] •

(Typical Take-Off Location) o =10

L c CALE TREE

— S

• : *

: VERTICAL SCALE 1:2,000 VERTICAL ERTICAL OUTLINE

: V

WITH TAKE-OFF CLIMB SURFACE at 2% at SURFACE CLIMB TAKE-OFF

SITE OBSTACLES APPROACH SURFACE at 3.33% slope 3.33% at SURFACE APPROACH . ECTION . S 1,820m APPROX

l POLES APPROX NAAS ROAD l ERONAUTICAL

TAKE-OFF CLIMB SURFACE at 2% A OTE from nearest house to Flight Strip (60m Rwy)

= ~1,870m (measured along runway centreline) 1,910m ~139m Church

APPROACH SURFACE at 3.33% < Trees < Trees 159.5m OD l

* 20m Trees on & beside Site VILLAGE l * RATHCOOLE l * HORIZONTAL SCALE 1:20,000 HORIZONTAL TO SITE SITE SITE < SITE VILLAGE 162.1m RATHCOOLE RATHCOOLE ~147.0m (tree) 146.2m (max.)

l PYLON [A4] -X 1

PYLON X l OBSTACLES AS MARKED ON CASEMENT CHARTS CHARTS AS MARKED ON CASEMENT OBSTACLES AND

PYLON PLAN SCALE [A4] 1:20,000 ~170.0m l Pylons & 20m Trees above Site Line of Pylons above Site l * l ) * l * FFL l

* l * l * CONTOURS CONTOURS l HIGHEST PYLON M 10

l < PYLONS 1 ITH X << Rising Ground (to 336m OD at Verschoyle's Hill << Rising Ground (to 336m OD at Verschoyle's & to 235m+ OD at Redgap) 97.2m OD (Rwy) 120.8m (crèche site) 124.0m (site) 142m (south edge of site) 136.8m ( TAKEN ALONG APPROACH SURFACE OF RUNWAY 04 (N 04 OF RUNWAY APPROACH SURFACE ALONG TAKEN LONGITUDINAL SECTION LONGITUDINAL AERIAL PHOTO MAP PHOTO AERIAL W 200m OD 190m 180m 170m 160m 150m 140m 130m 120m 110m 100m 90m OD 80m Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 13

9. Assessment of the Site in Relation to Casement’s Inner Horizontal Surface

In assessing the projections above Casement’s Inner Horizontal Surface the following factors are considered: (i) Th e relative importance assigned by I.C.A.O. to the diff erent Obstacle Limitation Surfaces, including the Inner Horizontal Surface. (ii) Th e purpose of an Inner Horizontal Surface as stated by I.C.A.O. (iii) Th e nature of the topography in the sector surrounding this site. (iv) Th e nature of fl ying operations in the sector surrounding this site. (v) Th e existence of any other nearby existing objects which project above the Inner Horizontal Surface, and whether these provide elements of ‘shielding’. (vi) Th e choice of datum used for the setting of Casement’s Inner Horizontal Surface level, and how it compares with national and international practice.

9.1 Relative Importance of the Various Surfaces: While it is a ‘Standard’ of I.C.A.O. (i.e. a requirement, set out in paragraphs 4.2.19 and 4.2.15 of its Annex 14 ) that new objects should not project above an aerodrome’s Approach or its Take-Off Climb Surfaces, it is merely a ‘Recommendation’ (defi ned by I.C.A.O. as ‘desirable’), under paragraph 14.2.20 of Annex 14, that ‘new objects should not be permitted above … the inner horizontal surface, except when …shielded by an existing immovable object or after aeronautical study it is determined that the object would not adversely aﬀ ect the safety or signifi cantly aﬀ ect the regularity of operations of aeroplanes.’ Th e fi rst consideration is that an Inner Horizontal Surface – while it should normally be protected – is not regarded by I.C.A.O. as one of the more critical Obstacle Limitation Surfaces.

9.2 Purpose of an Inner Horizontal Surface: Th e purpose of an Inner Horizontal Surface is stated by I.C.A.O. (in Section 1.2.3 of its Airport Services Manual >) as being ‘to protect airspace for visual circling prior to landing’. It also goes on to say that ‘In some instances, certain sectors of the visual circling areas will not be essential to aircraft operations, and provided procedures are established to ensure that aircraft do not fl y in these sectors, the protection aﬀ orded by the inner horizontal surface need not extend into those sectors.’ Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 14

9.3 Existing Terrain and Objects Above Casement’s Inner Horizontal Surface:

(i) To the south of Casement Aerodrome the land rises steeply, so that the ground itself – including 1 kilometre length of the Naas Road, and a large number of existing structures – penetrate Casement’s I.H.S. to a signifi cant extent. Th is means that aircraft cannot fl y (or circle) anywhere near the elevation of Casement’s Inner Horizontal Surface: they are required to fl y at much higher ‘obstacle clearance altitudes/heights’ [as in the Chart on page 16]. Additionally, the Rules of the Air Order requires aircraft to fl y generally at a minimum of 150m above ground level or above any structure. Th e existing intrusions above Casement’s Inner Horizontal Surface include Verschoyle’s Hill, to south-east of the Stoney Hill Road site. Th is Hill projects above Casement’s Inner Horizontal Surface to an elevation of 336m OD, which is a projection of 204m – more than 4½ times the height of the Surface itself.

(ii) Th e diagram below indicates (in brown) the extent of existing land (and structures) that extend above Casement’s Inner Horizontal Surface, and includes (in blue and orange) the very large number of existing ‘obstacles’ (as identifi ed by the IAA and Air Corps) which surround the site. Two signifi cant structures – Rathcoole church and Saggart church, which extend to 139m OD and 150m OD respectively, and which are not currently identifi ed on charts (or fi tted with aviation warning lights) – are marked with red+yellow dots.

(iii) On the following page is a photograph taken at the location where the Naas Road itself lies above Casement’s Inner Horizontal Surface – at an elevation of 144m O.D., with its road signs and lighting masts extending to 153m OD, which is signifi cantly higher than any part of the proposed development. Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 15

9.3 (iv) The photo opposite [>] is taken where the Naas Road surface lies at 144m O.D. This road surface lies 12.5m above Casement Aerodrome’s Inner Horizontal Surface, and there are significantly greater projections by the roadsigns, lighting masts, and all vehicles on this roadway.

These projections are greater than the maximum projection of the Stoney Hill Road SHD (which is the 14.6m projection of the ridge of house no. 016).

Further details of buildings, trees, and pylons close to the Stoney Hill Road site are given and illustrated in paragraph 9.5 following [on page 18]. Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 16

8.4 “No Circling South of [Casement] Runway 10/28”: Due to the extensive rising ground to the south of Casement Aerodrome, circling by aircraft is prohibited by the I.A.A. (and by GOC Air Corps) in the area to south of Casement’s main Runway 10/28, and this is the sector where this Stoney Hill Road site is located. “No Circling South of Rwy 10/28” is stated on all current published Casement charts, of which one example is reproduced below.

[<< NOTE : on aviation charts, vertical dimensions are given in feet, & horizontal dimensions in metres]

Th is means that the provisions of I.C.A.O.’s paragraph 1.2.3.2 of its Airport Services Manual (quoted above in para. 8.2) applies – i.e. “the protection aﬀ orded by the inner horizontal surface need not extend” into the sector where the Stoney Hill Rd site is located. Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 17

[8.4 contd.] Diagram with extracts from ICAO Airport Services Manual and 2019 Aerodrome Chart :

the proposed development is located centrally in the sector where circling of aircraft is NOT permitted 12-2019 © ARTNERSHIP

P ESIGN D CONSULTANTS

ONES & J PLANNING

WYER O’D AVIATION

NORTH Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 18

9.5 ‘Shielding’: In the immediate vicinity of the Stoney Hill Road site there are a large number of existing intrusions above Casement’s Inner Horizontal Surface which aff ord ‘shielding’ to the proposed development: (i) ICAO provides (in its Airport Services Manual para. 2.9.3) that “the formula for shielding should be based on a horizontal plane projected from the top of each obstacle away from the runway [etc.]” Application of this principle means that an existing tree on the site (an identifi ed obstacle of 20m height approx., on a ground contour of 127.5m OD) provides a shielding of 147.5m OD over the Stoney Hill Road site. Th is appears in the diagram below (and is also indicated in diagrams on pages 8, 12 & 14). [Th e red overlay in this diagram shows the extent of the land where the Rathcoole SHD Project groundAviation diagramitself (draft):lies above Objects Casement’sabove Casement’s Inner Inner Horizontal Horizontal Surface (131.6mSurface, OD) and the dashed pale-blue line is the location where the ground itself lies at 146.2m OD.]

28 CASEMENT Existing Aerial AERODROME at 150.1m OD >

4.0km [I.H.S. extent]

1.91 km to site< N7 Naas Road >

Naas Road at Saggart Church up to 144m OD < Rathcoole ~150m OD + Lighting Masts Church up to ~153mOD ~139m OD ↓ < 4 trees tree (20m) > ~143m ~147m OD SITE Casement’s Surface < land contour Inner Horizontal at 131.6m OD at 146.2m OD

line of pylons Conical 150-200m OD Surface

Objects (Land and Buildings) above Casement’s Inner Horizontal Surface (131.6m OD) Objects at ~143.0m OD O’DWYER & JONES DESIGN PARTNERSHIP (ii) OtherCasement’s Conical existing Surface (rising objects at 5% from 131.6m (the OD) belltowerSigniﬁ cant objects of projecting Rathcoole above Inner Horizontal church, Surface several other tallAVIATION PLANNING CONSULTANTS © 8-2019 trees to north of the site, and a nearby line of pylons, as indicated in the diagram above) provide shieldings of 139m-150m OD.

(iii) Th ese existing tall objects thus provide shielding to all of the proposed development (both housing and apartment block) up to a height greater than the most elevated proposed item which extends (at house #016) to 146.2m OD.

(iv) In other words (quite apart from all other considerations relating to Casement’s Inner Horizontal Surface), the existing objects and structures in the immediate vicinity of the proposed Stoney Hill Road development provide suffi cient shielding for all of the development, so that (in I.C.A.O.’s terms) it “would not adversely aff ect the safety or aff ect the regularity of operations of aeroplanes.” Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 19

9.6 I.H.S. Datum at Casement: (i) The choice of datum level for an Inner Horizontal Surface is, to a degree, subjective (unlike Approach and Take-Off-Climb Surfaces, the elevations of which are very precisely determined). It is up to each aerodrome to choose its own datum for the setting out of its I.H.S., and at Casement a particularly low datum (i.e. the level of the aerodrome’s lowest threshold) was chosen, so that its I.H.S. is set at a relatively lower level than at other aerodromes. A frequent datum for setting out an I.H.S. is the elevation of the Aerodrome’s Reference Point – which for Casement is given [on the I.A.A. ‘Asset’ data] as 318.1ft /97m OD. If this 10.4m (34ft) higher datum had been chosen, the I.H.S. would lie at 142m OD, i.e. above the tallest part of the proposed

Annex to ED Decision 2017/021/R

apartment block (its liftshafts at 140.7m OD elevation) and European Aviation Safety Agency above most of the housing development. Certification Specifications

(ii) E.A.S.A. [The European Aviation Safety Agency] – and

which since the end of 2017 sets the standards for Dublin Guidance Material

and Weston aerodromes etc. – provides (among others) the for following guidance for the establishment of a datum for an Inner Horizontal Surface: Aerodromes Design

“the elevation of the highest point of the highest threshold CS-ADR-DSN

of the related runway” or “the aerodrome elevation”, etc.

Issue 4 If either of these had been chosen for Casement Aerodrome, 8 December 20171

its Inner Horizontal Surface would lie at 142.2m OD (45m 1 For the date of entry into force of this Amendment, kindly refer to Decision 2017/021/R in the Official Publication of the Agency. above the aerodrome elevation of 97.2m), i.e. above most of the proposed Stoney Hill Road development, and above other nearby existing buildings.

(iii) I.C.A.O. states (in its Airport Services Manual, Part 6 ‘Control of Obstacles’ ) that ‘selection of the datum’ for an I.H.S. ‘should take account of (a) the elevations of the most frequently used altimeter setting datum points;’ and ‘(b) minimum circling altitudes in use or required.’ If the altimeter setting datum at Casement were adopted as the datum for its I.H.S., as indicated by I.C.A.O., its I.H.S. would lie significantly higher, at between 136m OD and 142.2m OD.

(iv) The I.A.A. recommends consideration of a midpoint between runway end elevations as the datum for setting out an Inner Horizontal Surface (as done at Dublin Airport), which if applied at Casement would place its I.H.S. at up to 5.15m higher.

(v) Internationally, the choice of datum for the setting out (45m higher) of an Inner Horizontal Surface varies from country to country: Germany and Spain tend to use the elevation of the aerodrome’s reference point [ARP], while France uses the elevation of the airport’s/aerodrome’s highest runway threshold. On the following page is a diagram of the overlapping Obstacle Limitation Surfaces around Paris Charles de Gaulle and Paris Le Bourget Airports, at both of which the elevation of the highest runway threshold* is the datum for their I.H.S.: data: Paris Ch. de Gaulle lowest threshold = 97m highest threshold = 118m * I.H.S. at 118m + 45m = 163m Paris Le Bourget lowest threshold = 44m highest threshold = 67m * I.H.S. at 67m + 45m = 112m Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 20

Paris Ch.de Gaulle I.H.S. at 163m

Paris Le Bourget I.H.S. at 112m

At Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport ↑ (with 72m passengers & 481,000 movements in 2018), and at other French airports, any object at up to 45m above the airport’s highest runway threshold – the equivalent of 142.2m OD at Casement – would lie below the Inner Horizontal Surface, and would not be considered an ‘obstacle’ in relation to it.

10. Conclusion (Stoney Hill Road site and Casement’s Inner Horizontal Surface) We are satisfi ed, for the reasons given in paragraphs 9.1 to 9.6 above, that the intrusions above Casement’s Inner Horizontal Surface (by varying amounts of up to 14.6m above it) will not – in I.C.A.O.’s wording – “adversely aﬀ ect the safety or aﬀ ect the regularity of operations of aeroplanes”. Th ese reasons can be summarized as follows: (i) Th e Inner Horizontal Surface is considered by I.C.A.O. as a less signifi cant surface, and the avoidance of new projections above it is an I.C.A.O. “Recom- mendation” (i.e. “desirable”) rather than an I.C.A.O. “Standard” (i.e. “necessary”). (ii) Inner Horizontal Surface protection is not required in sectors where the visual circling of aircraft is not permitted. (iii) Th ere are very large numbers of existing projections (of greater height), both land and structures, in the vicinity of the Stoney Hill Road site. (iv) For this reason, circling of aircraft is not permitted by the I.A.A. or the Air Corps in the sector (south of Casement’s main runway) where this site is located. (v) Existing identifi ed obstacles in the immediate vicinity of the site provide full ‘shielding’ to the proposed development. (vi) Th e Inner Horizontal Surface at Casement has been set at an unusually low elevation, and if a higher [97.2m OD] datum had been chosen (in accordance with E.A.S.A. and other international guidelines) the proposed development would lie almost entirely below the aerodrome’s Inner Horizontal Surface.

For the above reasons the intrusion of up to 14.6m above Casement’s Inner Horizontal Surface would be considered aeronautically safe and acceptable. Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 21

11. Other Aviation Considerations

11.1 Lighting

The Stoney Hill Road housing site is not in a location where aviation obstruction lighting is required (as it does not lie under any Approach Surface, or in a sector where circling of aircraft prior to landing is permitted), and while the crèche building does lie under an Approach Surface, it is too low a building to require such lighting. In both locations however (due to the proximity of the Approach and Take-Off Surfaces to Runway 04/22) external lighting of the cut-off type is desirable.

11.2 Use of Cranes during Construction

(i) Notifications: Any mobile or tower crane/s used in the construction of the proposed apartment block development could project to a greater extent above the Inner Horizontal Surface. It will be necessary [under S.I. 215 of 2005 – ‘Irish Aviation Authority (Obstacles to Aircraft in Flight) Order’ ] for prior notification of the use of any crane/s to be submitted, at least 30 days in advance, to the Irish Aviation Authority and to Casement Aerodrome, who may need to issue the necessary notifications to pilots, any who may require to have any tower cranes fitted with obstruction lighting.

(ii) ‘PANS-OPS*’ Considerations: As well as the Annex 14 Surfaces described above, there are other higher PANS-OPS* Surfaces [>>]. These are used to establish flying minima [OCA/H**] in the vicinity of an aerodrome, which are published in the Aerodrome’s Approach/Departure Charts (as in the example on page 14 above). * = Procedures for Air Navigation Services – Aircraft Operations. ** = Obstacle clearance altitude/heights. It is beyond the scope and purpose of this report to enter into any detailed PANS-OPS calculations.† These will have been prepared by the Air Corps for Casement Aerodrome (based on a survey of all controlling obstacles), and consultation with the Aerodrome is advised prior to construction on site, to ensure that any proposed temporary structures (in particular any crane use) will not interfere with PANS-OPS surfaces or affect the aerodrome’s published OCA/H.

↑ † Our own outline calculation (per ICAO Doc 8168 ; for a Runway 22 ‘missed approach’ turn) indicates an ‘MOC’ (minimum obstacle clearance) above the Stoney Hill Road site at 15.6m approx*** above the highest element on this site, i.e. at (or above) an elevation of 161.6m /530.2ft OD. [*** 1.95 km × 0.8% slope = 15.6m MOC.] As the lowest OCA/H published for this more elevated sector is 219.5m /720 ft OD [see Chart on p.12, with heights given in feet] it would seem that this 57.7m /189ft distance between the MOC and OCA/H indicates that no amendment of procedural minimum altitudes is anticipated. Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 22

11.3 Solar Panels

It is proposed that an array of solar panels (as illustrated below) will be placed on the fl at roof of the apartment block. Any possible eff ect that these might have on operations to/from Casement Aerodrome (or at the Tallaght Hospital helipad) is the subject of a separate aviation-specifi c Glint-and-Glare Study by Innovision Ltd. [It may be noted that Casement Aerodrome’s runways are listed within this Glint- and-Glare Study under their former designations 05/23 and 11/29 (as in the current S.D.C.C. Development Plan), however these are the same runways designated 04/22 and 10/28 within this Aeronautical Assessment Report.]

apartment block >

solar panels

In laying out these solar panels, their pitch angle (at 30°) and orientation (at 180°, i.e. facing due south) have been chosen to minimize any glint or glare aff ecting Casement Aerodrome, in particular any operations to/from its Runway 04/22 [formerly named 05/23] whose Approach and Take-Off Climb Surfaces are close to the Stoney Hill Road site. Th e height/elevation of the tops of these solar panels will not exceed that of the lift-shaft housings (at 140.7m OD).

Taking the above design parameters into account, it is the Conclusion of the Glint- and-Glare Study that major nuisance or hazardous glare is not expected for aircraft landing at any of the runways or at the Air Traﬃ c Control Tower at Casement Aerodrome, with no possibility for glare at any time for the ATC Tower or fi nal approaches to Runways 10[11], 22[23], or 28[29], and with just low amounts of possible glare on a fi nal approach to Runway 04[05] at certain times. It is stated that all glare intensities would fall into the “green” area of glare hazard plot.

11.4 Tallaght Hospital Helipad

As the helipad at Tallaght Hospital lies at 6 kilometres approx. [3.24 nautical miles] from the Stoney Hill Road site, fl ying operations and obstacle limitation surfaces at this helipad will be wholly unaff ected by the proposed development. Th e Glint-and-Glare Study by Innovision Ltd. also concludes that hazardous glare from the above solar panels is not expected for helicopters landing at Tallaght Hospital’s helipad, based on the helicopter parameters assessed in that Study. Aviation Report re SHD at Stoney Hill Rd, Rathcoole, South Co. Dublin 23

12. Summary

12.1 Approach & Take-Off Climb Surfaces to/from Casement’s Runway 04/22: The Approach Surface to Casement Runway 04 extends over the crèche site and above the edge of the housing site. The crèche building will lie more than 28m below this Surface and no part of the housing development will lie under this Surface, which is therefore unaffected by the proposed development. [It is also worth noting that the maximum elevations of all parts of the proposed housing development (with heights above ground level of 9.3 to 12.7 metres) lie approximately 16-20m below the corresponding elevation of the adjacent Approach Surface, and therefore well below that Surface.] The Take-Off Climb Surface from Runway 22 (which for this particular runway is lower and narrower than the Approach Surface) does not extend over any part of this site, and is not affected by the proposed development.

12.2 Inner Horizontal Surface (Casement) & Outer Horizontal Surface (Weston): Parts of the proposed development project by varying amounts above Casement’s Inner Horizontal Surface, with the highest point (the roof ridge of house no. 016) extending to 146.2m OD (i.e. 14.6m above the I.H.S.). However, for the reasons listed in part 10 and provided in detail in part 9 above [on pages 13-20], this projection is not aeronautically significant or (in I.C.A.O.’s wording) likely to “affect the safety or the regularity of operation of aeroplanes”. The (new) Outer Horizontal Surface of Weston Airport is unaffected by the proposed development, the highest point of which lies 50m below that Surface.

12.3 Tallaght Hospital Helipad (at 6km distance): The proposed development will have no effect on operations to/from this helipad.

12.4 General: We consider that the proposed residential and crèche development complies with all aviation and aeronautical requirements affecting the location.

Prior to submission of this report, we have provided details of the proposed development to the Irish Aviation Authority and to the Department of Defence.

J. Declan O’Dwyer B.Arch MBA RIBA 20th May 2020 O’Dwyer & Jones Design Partnership ______Aviation Planning Consultants

J. D. O’Dwyer B.Arch MBA RIBA S. Jones MA