Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013

1 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013

The Southern Institute of Technology Research Report for 2013 is published by Southern Institute of Technology.

November 2014

Editors Contact details Dr Sally Bodkin-Allen and Dr Jo Dr Sally Bodkin-Allen Whittle Research Manager Southern Institute of Technology Design [email protected] Elana Bai

Front cover image Intermission by Kathryn Mitchell

Printing SIT Printery

0800 4 0 FEES (0800 4 0 3337) www.sit.ac.nz

Southern Institute of Technology Private Bag 90114 133 Tay Street Invercargill

3 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013

INTRODUCTION CONTENTS

Welcome to the Southern Institute of Technology Staff Research Report for 2013. The report showcases the diversity of research interests among our staff and celebrates a variety of projects, both artistic and scholarly.

Penny Simmonds 4 Introduction 24 Using PeerWise to build and consolidate Chief Executive knowledge in nursing education 5 Contents Southern Institute of Technology – Johanna Rhodes, School of Nursing

6 Southern Institute of Technology Research 25 Nursing and dementia: ‘please don’t take Institute my sunshine away!’ 2013 proved to be a strong built on existing relationships areas ranging from the industry 8 Celebrating ten years of – Jed Montayre, School of Nursing year for research at SIT. Our established through earlier perceptions of a massage therapy massage therapy graduates clear commitment to this area research with Sport Southland degree, to the ways that local 26 Ethical issues as experienced by nursing – Jo Smith, New Zealand Massage Therapy is important in ensuring that and enabled SIT researchers to knowledge and practical wisdom students in New Zealand Research Centre teaching and learning on higher engage in an extensive project in contribute to the management – Jill Sinclair, School of Nursing

level qualifications are supported the local community. The results of natural resources in Akaroa, 10 The relevance of degree qualifications to 28 Performing the DIY Public Museum by research. Support from the demonstrated that young people through to the difficult issue of how enhance the reputation of the therapeutic – Kathryn Mitchell, School of Visual Arts, Film Southern Institute of Technology are actively involved in sport and nurse lecturers deal with assessing massage industry in New Zealand and Animation Research Fund, a contestable recreation activities in Southland. failing nursing students in clinical – Donna Smith, New Zealand Massage fund available to staff carrying Southern Institute of Technology practice. Therapy Research Centre 30 Technologies of early film and out research, was awarded to also hosted a novel biodiversity Research embraced such diverse interdisciplinary performances a range of research projects in expo: ‘Biodiversity in our Backyard’. 12 Improving sprint cycling performance topics as: the development of – Ruth Myers, School of Visual Arts, Film and 2013. The fund also enabled many This event brought many local – Will Payne and Hennie Pienaar, School of individualised care behaviour Animation staff to present their research at groups together to share their Sport and Exercise plans for patients with dementia; conferences in New Zealand and knowledge and expertise in areas 32 Revisiting ‘Being There’ experiments in the visual 13 Is a programme-based business incubator internationally. The third Southern related to the environment. There – Peter Belton, School of Visual Arts, Film and representation of sound; a the best way to foster entrepreneurship Institute of Technology Research were key note presentations from Animation longitudinal analysis of water among business students? Symposium was held in December esteemed researchers Emeritus quality of freshwater springs in – Fiona Tyrie, School of Business 36 Making the invisible, visible and provided an opportunity Professor Sir Alan Mark and Southland, and pest management – David Woolley, School of Visual Arts, Film for sharing research results in a Professor Henrik Moller, both of 14 Sharing good practice around the in the Waitutu Forest. Staff working and Animation collegial environment. This year the University of Otago. These engagement of Māori and Pasifika students in the creative arts have exhibited also saw the Southern Institute were supported by numerous ‘bite- – Jerry Hoffman, School of Business 38 Huntly Power Station and the history of their work locally at the Southland of Technology host the National size’ talks throughout the day from environmentalism in New Zealand Museum and Art Gallery, as well 15 The odd one out: the gender imbalance in Tertiary Teaching and Learning community groups and regional – Jo Whittle, SIT Research Institute as in other venues throughout the tertiary IT education Conference, and many staff organisations, including Southern country. – Scott Morton, School of Computing 40 A characterisation of cold water springs contributed research presentations Institute of Technology Bachelor near the Mararoa River, Southland Math anxiety: risk factors, strategies and to the conference programme. of Environmental Management I hope you enjoy reading about 16 – Erine van Niekerk, Centre for Research students. the diverse research activity at opportunities Southern Institute of Technology Excellence in Environmental Management Southern Institute of Technology – John Mumford, School of Computing plays an increasingly important During 2013 staff presented their and I look forward to the continued 42 Phronetic social science: a methodology role in regional research outputs. research at both national and 18 Human Computer Interaction: helping development of our research embedded in practical wisdom Southland children with special needs As the preeminent vocational international conferences, they –Anna Palliser, Centre for Research Excellence capacity into the future. – Sam Zhao and Ken Sutton, School of tertiary institute in southern have published nationally and in Environmental Management New Zealand, SIT is an important internationally, and exhibited their Computing part of the local and regional works of art in many different Waitutu Forest pest monitoring and the Te Whariki: the interweaving threads 44 community. The Southern Institute contexts. Several staff focused 19 use of Cornish soapstone in early English of early childhood musical cultures in of Technology Research Institute, on research related to teaching ceramics Aotearoa/New Zealand led by Research Manager Dr Sally and learning, such as dealing with –Ross Ramsay, Centre for Research Excellence – Sally Bodkin-Allen, School of Contemporary Bodkin-Allen and Research Officer maths anxiety, developing an in Environmental Management Music Dr Jo Whittle, worked on a project online programme using PeerWise 46 Biodiversity in Our Backyard that was commissioned by Sport to support examination revision, Jungle fever hits Invercargill 20 – Ross Ramsay and Jo Whittle, Centre Southland, to undertake a survey and sharing good practice for Penny Simmonds – Fiona Forrest, Sir Anthony Hopkins School of for Research Excellence in Environmental of participation in sport and the engagement of Māori and Dramatic Arts Chief Executive Management and SIT Research Institute recreation among students in Years Pasifika students. Staff were also 22 A collision of two worlds: what do you do 7 and 8 in Southland. The project involved in postgraduate study in Southern Institute of Technology 48 Staff Research Outputs 2013 when you have a nursing student who is failing? – Sally Dobbs, School of Nursing

4 5 Jo Whittle and Sally Bodkin-Allen Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Teaching Development & Support Unit Survey of participation in sport and recreation among students in Years 7 and 8 The most commonly indicated factors encouraging students to participate in sport at school were: having fun; the influence of friends doing the same in Southland sports, and being told they were good at it.

Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute staff Dr Jo Whittle and Dr Sally Bodkin-Allen carried out a large scale survey of sports participation among Year 7 and 8 students in Southland. The research was commissioned by the Southland Regional Sports Trust, Sport Southland, as part of its role to support the promotion of sports among school students in Southland.

The sports played by 1200 Year 7 and 8 students at Southland secondary schools. This ‘wordle’ shows the most commonly played sports; the larger the word appears, the higher the numbers playing it.

Sally Bodkin-Allen and Jo Whittle

Jo and Sally spent several weeks The research aimed to examine The results suggest that sports Over 40% of the participants make them dislike participating in interviewing principals, teachers current sports activities among participation is high amongst this said that nothing put them school sport. Contact: and sports co-ordinators, along Year 7 and 8 students at integrated age group in Southland. Over off participating in sport. The Vanessa Hughey and Carly Anderson with distributing a questionnaire to high schools in Southland, identify 55% of girls had played netball for most commonly indicated at Sport Southland have presented Jo Whittle 1200 Southland students in Years any issues faced by schools in their schools within the previous factors encouraging students the results to local principals. The SIT Research Institute 7 and 8 of their schooling (mostly promoting sports to this age group, 12 months, and club rugby was to participate in sport at school report has also been published aged between 10 to 13 years). and establish the kind of support popular with the boys, over 35% of were: having fun; the influence [email protected] on the Sport NZ website and is They also carried out focus groups schools are seeking from Sport whom played rugby. Basketball also of friends doing the same sports, available at: with Year 8 students at each of the Southland and regional sporting rated highly; it was the sport played and being told they were good at seven participating schools. ‘We organisations. ‘This was a fun most frequently by Year 7 and 8 it. Students appreciated coaches http://www.srknowledge.org. Sally Bodkin-Allen really enjoyed meeting so many project to be involved with,’ says Jo. students, it was the sport boys were who were skilled, organised nz/research-completed/survey- SIT Research Institute wonderful young people around ‘It was fantastic to work with the most likely to play for their school, and knowledgeable about the of-participation-in-sport-and- [email protected] Southland,’ says Sally. ‘They had Sport Southland staff who were so and it was the most popular choice sport. They identified perceived recreation-among-students-in- some great ideas about ways to keen to bring about changes based for the sport that both girls and unfair treatment and/or lack of years-7-and-8-in-southland/ improve things, and made a strong on the data we collected.’ boys wanted to do more of. commitment or skills in coaches or contribution to the research.’ team managers as factors that could

6 7 Jo Smith Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 New Zealand Massage Therapy Research Centre Faculty of Health, Humanities and Computing

Celebrating ten years of massage therapy graduates

Southern Institute of Technology is celebrating ten years of graduates from its Bachelor of Therapeutic and Sports Massage. Research into their experiences since graduating has been published in A massage degree and beyond, the culmination of a unique collaborative research project carried out by staff and undergraduate students. SIT massage class

Dr Jo Smith is Programme Manager accurate information not only for personally relevant to them and to Journal of Applied Research, is for the Bachelor of Therapeutic and potential and current students but their future careers.’ available at: Sports Massage. She has a background also the wider massage industry. The methodology involved http://www.sit.ac.nz/ in health science and physiotherapy, ‘Our findings will help inform wider questionnaires and individual SITJAR#310127-special-massage- and a Doctor of Philosophy from the stakeholders about the inherent interviews and the data showed edition-2013. University of Otago during which she benefits of degree-based education that graduates value their massage examined massage therapy services for massage therapy,’ she says. Findings from the study are also degree, whether or not they are for health needs. In 2013 Jo headed available in poster form and can A fascinating component of the currently practising massage a major research study into the career be found on the poster page of project was that it was carried out therapy. A particularly powerful journeys of past graduates of the the New Zealand Massage Therapy in collaboration with current Year part of the report is provided by the Bachelor of Therapeutic and Sports Research Centre website: Three bachelor degree students ‘snapshots’ of graduates who share Massage. The study investigated ten as part of their assessment for their professional experiences in http://nzmtrc.sit.ac.nz/Pages/ years of graduates of the programme the research methods paper. ‘All their own words. ‘These snapshots Posters.aspx and looked at how their lives had been 14 students took part in the full are a wonderful record of our impacted by undertaking a degree in research process, closely guided graduates,’ Jo says, ‘and their words massage therapy. Jo describes the and supervised by myself and my of advice will provide motivation results of that research as a celebration teaching colleague Donna Smith,’ and focus for current and future Contact: of ten years of massage therapy Jo explains. ‘It was a challenging students.’ graduates. ‘The first bachelor’s degree process to manage at times, but Dr Jo Smith for massage therapists in the southern A massage degree and beyond: the it was an incredibly worthwhile New Zealand Massage Therapy hemisphere was launched at Southern journey of BTSM graduates 2004- experience for the students, who Research Centre Institute of Technology in 2002 and 2013, a special edition of the online were involved in all stages of the first students graduated in 2004,’ Southern Institute of Technology [email protected] the research on a topic that was she explains. ‘A ten year anniversary offered an ideal opportunity to look back on the achievements over that time.’ Issues examined through the research New Zealand Massage Therapy Research Centre include the benefits of degree level education in this field, the employment The New Zealand Massage Therapy the project A massage degree journey of graduates, and their Research Centre (http://nzmtrc.sit. and beyond, the NZMTRC was satisfaction with their massage careers. ac.nz/) was established in 2009 to also working closely in 2013 with This is the first investigation in New foster massage therapy research in the massage therapy industry in The title page to A massage degree and beyond by Jo Smith, Donna Smith Zealand into the careers of bachelor New Zealand. One of its aims is to seeking ways for research findings and Bachelor of Therapeutic and Sports Massage students. degree trained massage therapists and integrate massage therapy research to be more accessible to massage it is a valuable source of information and teaching by promoting research therapists. This project is ongoing regarding career and education in the massage therapy field and and strategies will be implemented satisfaction as well as career challenges. research-informed education. during 2014 to assist in meeting According to Jo, it also provides more In addition to being involved in this goal.

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font: Calibri (Regular) font: Calibri (Regular) Donna Smith Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 New Zealand Massage Therapy Research Centre Faculty of Health, Humanities and Computing The relevance of degree qualifications “In particular, I want to investigate the perceived necessity of degree-based to enhance the reputation of the education for the practice of massage therapy. Alongside this I identify therapeutic massage industry and explore perceived benefits of, and barriers to, degree-based massage education, as well as therapists’ understandings of degree-based education.” in New Zealand

The therapeutic recovering ground lost through ‘Integration of both approaches massage industry historical and contemporary provides a deeper understanding challenges. of the research question,’ she remains ambivalent explains. ‘I therefore used a survey over the importance The main aim of Donna’s research and semi-structured, in-depth of degree-based is to investigate the range of interviews to gather data.’ While perceptions and attitudes toward education for the data analysis is still ongoing, with degree-based education among a number of interesting findings, growth of the industry in three stakeholder groups: massage Donna’s first impression is that New Zealand. Donna educators, practicing massage people’s perceptions of degree- Smith explores the therapists and massage therapy based education for massage students. ‘In particular, I want to therapists may be changing. She reasons for this in her investigate the perceived necessity doctoral thesis. has enjoyed the challenge of the of degree-based education for the project she says. ‘Analysing the practice of massage therapy,’ she data and gaining answers to the says. ‘Alongside this I identify and research question has been both Donna is Programme Manager for explore perceived benefits of, and challenging and very satisfying.’ the Bachelor of Therapeutic and barriers to, degree-based massage Sports Massage and is undertaking education, as well as therapists’ her PhD through the University of understandings of degree-based Otago. Her research investigates education.’ Contact: perceptions about degree-based education for massage therapists Donna chose to take a mixed Donna Smith as held by a range of stakeholders methods approach to data New Zealand Massage Therapy in the massage therapy industry. collection, combining quantitative Research Centre Given the desire by the industry and qualitative approaches to take [email protected] for professional status, it is unclear advantage of the strengths of each. why degree-based education has not been embraced. As Donna explains, ‘a bachelor’s degree for massage therapists has been available in New Zealand since 2002 but has not been embraced by many within the industry, and I wanted to know why this was the case.’ Through her observations of the massage industry, particularly Donna Smith with SIT massage student its resistance to degree-based education, alongside her delivery of degree-based education for massage therapists and the findings industry and is a popular treatment resulting variations in massage of a pilot study in 2008, she was for a wide range of health therapy education and practice inspired to take the next step conditions. Over the last 20 to 30 standards. The dominant view in and commence a larger research years, massage therapists have the industry is that a one to two study, to accurately understand taken some steps in the process of year diploma is an acceptable stakeholders’ perceptions. professionalisation for the purpose qualification. Donna emphasises of attempting to gain legitimacy the role of degree-based education The practice of massage therapy and acceptance as a serious health as a significant step towards for health and wellness is part care option. To date, however, the massage therapists gaining of the growing Complementary practice of massage therapy within professional status and recognition and Alternative Medicine (CAM) New Zealand is unregulated, with from other health professionals,

10 11 Hennie Pienaar and Will Payne Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Fiona Tyrie School of Sport and Exercise School of Business Faculty of Health, Humanities and Computing Faculty of New Media, Arts and Business Is a programme-based business incubator the best way to foster Improving sprint cycling entrepreneurship among business performance students?

Research by Hennie Programme-based business incubators Pienaar and Will Payne have been championed as a way to build into the biomechanics entrepreneurial skills and support fledgling and muscle activation graduate businesses. Fiona Tyrie has assessed patterns of elite track the potential of the model through the example sprint cyclists aims of Te Kahu, a business incubator at Southern at enhancing the Institute of Technology. performance of New Zealand’s top cycling Hennie Pienaar Will Payne Fiona Tyrie athletes.

Hennie is an accredited exercise by Hennie and Will focused on a to Germany in 2013 by 0.049 of Fiona is a tutor in the Postgraduate make comparisons,’ she says. number of students entering this physiologist with a Masters in vital aspect that may have led to a second, then you can see how Diploma in Business Enterprise, a ‘This, coupled with the typical programme with previous business Human Movement Science and has improving the speed of the first lap vital it is to get off to a good start.’ 60-week programme that follows observation of their low economic experience is very low and this has been teaching in the Bachelor of of the race. As Hennie explains, Cyclists must have their push-off a traditional MBA model of a short outputs despite high resource a negative flow-on for Te Kahu.’ Sport and Exercise programme since ‘we carried out a series of tests timed to the moment the gate series of taught papers followed inputs, and the low post-graduation There may still be a place for a 2002. His colleague Will Payne, on elite cyclists in order to analyse releases and, after rolling straight by a substantial self-directed survival rates, suggests that the business incubator outside of the tutor on the Bachelor of Sport and that first lap, including the starting out of the gate, they need to apply research dissertation on a business impact of business incubators in programme, Fiona argues. She Exercise degree programme, is a sequence of track cyclists.’ They coordinated pressure through the topic of the student’s choice. the business environment may refers to previous research using sports nutritionist with a Masters applied biomechanical principles pedals to accelerate up to speed. The programme aims to provide be highly overstated.’ In fact they the Theory of Planned Behaviour of Human Nutrition, a Postgraduate to make recommendations that students with the knowledge to may simply be enabling business A successful race-winning start which suggests that there are Diploma in Sports Medicine and may have contributed towards engage in business enterprise. The models with low long-term survival requires the cyclists to be able certain factors that might be more a Bachelor of Physical Education improvements in the standing start programme has been offered at to develop a false sense of success, to optimise a complex series of likely to increase the likelihood and Human Nutrition from the performance. They were also able Southern Institute of Technology’s she argues. ‘Entrepreneurship actions. ‘They need to push off of initiating business enterprise University of Otago. Since 2011 to gain a better understanding of Invercargill campus since 2002 and acknowledges that failure is part from the gate as it releases, drive at the conclusion of formal post- Will and Hennie have been using muscle activation patterns in the more recently via its open distance- of success and that in business we their bodies forward and initiate secondary education. ‘There are their combined expertise to carry first lap in sprint cycling including teaching faculty, SIT2LRN. Until should fail quickly and cheaply. proper mechanics for the first opportunities to link with other out research aimed at improving how these are involved in force and recently the programme was linked The vast majority of successful pedal stroke,’ Hennie says. ‘The programmes and to re-form Te the performance of New Zealand’s power development. to a business incubator known as Te businesses that create economic fastest starters tend to be those Kahu as an institute-wide entity, top cycling athletes. In 2013 they Kahu however, due to low student value and employment have been Twelve highly trained, elite sprint cyclists who are able to coordinate with involvement from across all shared their findings at the Sports participation, the decision was successful without participation in cyclists took part in the study. these three actions.’ faculties,’ she says. This would and Exercise Science New Zealand made to ‘mothball’ the incubator. a business incubator programme.’ Testing was done under controlled require support at both the senior Annual Conference in Christchurch. As part of the research for her conditions at the ILT Velodrome Her research indicates that access management and tutorial levels at Their findings were presented at Master of Business Administration in Invercargill and in the Southern to Te Kahu would have little impact Southern Institute of Technology. the conference in the novel form through the University of Wales Institute of Technology’s Human on decisions to initiate enterprise ‘Alternatively, senior managers of an animated e-poster, presented Fiona investigated the value of re- Performance Laboratory. From by current students and recent should decide to close Te Kahu on a large HD television screen, and invigorating Te Kahu. video analysis of the higher ranked Contact: graduates of the postgraduate permanently and investigate the the pair came away with the Best riders Hennie and Will found Fiona notes the importance placed diploma. The most significant provision of alternative business Presenters Award. that timing is crucial in order to Hennie Pienaar on entrepreneurship in the modern influence on student behaviour support services that more directly The New Zealand track sprint team avoid losing time during the start. School of Sport and Exercise business environment and the is previous experience in running match the current student base.’ has had an outstanding few years, ‘Initiating drive from the gate [email protected] role of education in developing a business prior to entering coming from a ranking of fifth in the either too early or too late can cost entrepreneurial skills, as well as the programme. ‘My findings Contact: world in 2009 to winning silver at a team as much as one second off the use of business incubators are supported by international the World Championships in 2013 the overall time,’ says Will. ‘That to produce economic benefit. research that shows that, once Will Payne Fiona Tyrie and coming fifth at the London might not sound like much but, School of Sport and Exercise ‘Business incubators follow a someone enters the business Olympics where they also broke the when you consider that the New number of different business world, they usually remain there,’ School of Business New Zealand record. The research Zealand team lost the gold medal [email protected] models which makes it hard to Fiona explains. ‘However the [email protected]

12 13 Jerry Hoffman Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Scott Morton School of Business School of Computing Faculty of New Media, Arts and Business Faculty of Health, Humanities and Computing

Sharing good practice around the engagement of Māori and The odd one out: the gender Pasifika students imbalance in tertiary IT education

Dr Jerry Hoffman collaborated with Southern Institute of Technology Research Females continue to be the ‘odd ones out’ in tertiary IT education with Institute staff Dr Sally Bodkin-Allen and Dr Jo Whittle to publish an article in He women making up only one out of every six students. Scott Morton has Kupu Whakataki: Journal of Best Practice in Applied and Maori/Indigenous been researching the perceptions of Southland high school students of both Vocational Education in 2013. genders about careers in the IT industry.

data via a large literature review, an pointed out how this was a valuable Scott is the programme manager and female students leaving high taking IT subjects in their final year extensive survey of nine Institutes experience for all students, but that for the Bachelor of Information school in 2012. Year 13 students of schooling. The reasons they gave of Technology and Polytechnics for Māori in particular it developed Technology and Postgraduate at four schools in the Southland for not taking IT subjects was that across New Zealand, and 39 pride and an acknowledgement of Diploma of Information Technology region of New Zealand completed a the subject was ‘boring’ and they interviews conducted at six of those identity.’ Other areas that came degrees at Southern Institute of questionnaire designed to ascertain did not find the way it was taught institutes. The important topic through in the findings were the Technology. He has a background the influences on their perceptions to be interesting. Only 13% of of engaging Māori and Pasifika importance of the roles of the in the computing and information of IT as a study and career choice. participants and only 4% of females learners in tertiary study was one Māori student liaison officer and technology (IT) industry and holds ‘I also wanted to know what they surveyed indicated that they would of four themes that emerged from Pasifika student support person. a Master of Advanced Computing thought a job in IT actually was, go on to study IT at tertiary level. the original data. The full CLP These roles were valued not only from Bournemouth University in and what was driving students ‘The female students perceived IT report was published in 2012. ‘It for what they offered to students at the UK. He is currently working when deciding whether or not to jobs as interesting, well paid and was great to be able to present the the institutes, but also for the way on his Doctorate of Education follow a career in the industry,’ secure but they still did not want to results of the Committed Learners they supported staff. through the University of Southern says Scott. ‘The stereotype of take up roles within this industry,’ Project in a different way,’ says Queensland. people working in IT is that they are he reports. Jerry states: ‘I think it is important Jerry. ‘The project contained some “geeks” hiding in darkened rooms, to recognise the many tutors In 2013 he presented research Another key finding was the age really valuable findings, and it staring at computer screens all day. at institutes of technology and into the reasons for a continuing at which students began using seemed appropriate to make sure I wanted to know if that stereotype polytechnics throughout New imbalance between male computers or other devices. these were disseminated as widely – promulgated in popular media – Zealand who contributed to this and female students entering Sixty per cent of the students as possible.’ was influencing their choice of IT as project. It brings together and the Bachelor of Information surveyed had started using a a career.’ Some of the good practice highlights their good practice, Technology degree at the 26th computer at or below eight years hints that emerged from the including ways to engage Māori and Annual Conference of Computing & Scott found that, overall, a similar of age. ‘Students are coming into research were: the importance of Pasifika students.’ He quotes the Information Technology Research & proportion of male and female secondary education with a level pronouncing the names of Māori words of one project participant: Education New Zealand in Hamilton. students said they liked IT lessons, of general computing knowledge Jerry Hoffman and Pasifika students correctly; ‘when you have strength in your His paper examined the influences however only 42% of participants, that is often beyond the level of the observing tikanga in the learning own culture you’re more accepting and perceptions of both male and 39% of the females, were current IT curriculum,’ Scott says. Jerry is the Learning Support environment (such as avoiding of others. But you need your ‘This could help explain why so Officer at Southern Institute of sitting on tables or touching strength first and we recognise many students indicated that they Technology, and also teaches on the heads), and incorporating Māori it; that’s how we help promote found IT a “boring” school subject.’ Postgraduate Diploma of Business terminology and language into Māori culture. We make sure that He recommends updating the IT programme. He has a Master of teaching when possible. ‘The value everyone’s culture is strong to syllabus to ensure its relevance Education from Johnson State for student success of encouraging them.’ for the increasingly ‘tech-savvy’ College in Vermont, and a PhD in a sense of belonging was something students coming into secondary Education from the University of that stood out throughout the education. Otago. Committed Learners Project, but it is especially important for Māori The article was a result of previous and Pasifika students,’ claims Contact: research that had been carried Contact: Jerry. One way to develop this out for the Committed Learners for Māori, discussed in a number Scott Morton Project (CLP), with the goal of Jerry Hoffman of interviews, is through having a School of Computing disseminating the results of the School of Business noho marae (overnight stay on a project to as wide an audience as [email protected] marae). ‘One of the participants [email protected] possible. The original CLP gathered Scott Morton

14 15 John Mumford Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 School of Computing Faculty of Healthy, Humanities and Computing

Math anxiety: risk factors, strategies and opportunities

Work and educational settings are laden with math concepts so an aversion to math can be a barrier to the development of a student’s academic potential. John Mumford, tutor in the School of Computing, has been researching strategies for supporting students anxious about the subject.

John has always had a fascination responses. The latter category with mathematics, especially focused on interpersonal and its relationship to literacy and environmental aspects, for numeracy. He is particularly example teaching styles and lack of interested in the ways that students empathy. disengage with maths and how this Strategies for dealing with maths can affect their success in different anxiety were also identified in working and learning environments. John’s research. ‘It is important to John’s research in 2013 involved bring a positive attitude to errors an investigation into math anxiety. and to turn them into learning He began by exploring literature in opportunities,’ John states. ‘The the subject. ‘Math anxiety is alive literature suggests that it is and well,’ John says. ‘There is a important to view a wrong answer growing body of study relating to not as a failure, but as a chance the panic, helplessness and fear to develop the right processes.’ that many individuals experience Another useful strategy is to make when they are faced with solving a explicit connections between mathematical problem.’ He states informal and formal knowledge. that it is surprising how many This can be done through problem people have negative experiences solving, and facilitating discussions John Mumford with maths. ‘There is evidence about mathematical concepts. It is via MRI scans that, for some, pain also important to value students’ Institute of Technology Staff centres in the brain are activated common sense to help enhance the Research Symposium in December Contact: by even the thought of a maths ability to problem solve and boost 2013. He also plans to write a paper “It is important to bring a positive attitude to errors task.’ the confidence of students with on the subject for publication in John Mumford and to turn them into learning opportunities. The John identified several risk factors, math anxiety. Southern Institute of Technology’s School of Computing and these were categorised Journal of Applied Research in 2014. literature suggests that it is important to view a The results of John’s research were into two broad areas: intrinsic John enjoyed sharing his research [email protected] presented at the National Teaching and extrinsic. The first category with fellow tertiary teachers at the wrong answer not as a failure, but as a chance to and Learning Conference, held at focused on intrapersonal concepts, conferences and is looking forward Southern Institute of Technology in develop the right processes.” such as fear of numbers, low to developing this area of research October 2013 and at the Southern self-confidence and emotional further in the future.

16 17 Sam Zhao and Ken Sutton Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Sally Bodkin-Allen School of Computing School of Contemporary Music Faculty of Healthy, Humanities and Computing Faculty of New Media, Arts and Business

Human Computer Interaction: Te Whariki: helping Southland children with the interweaving threads of early special needs childhood musical cultures in

Southern Institute of Technology was approached by a local school teacher Aotearoa/New Zealand to develop computer devices to improve the communication experiences of a small group of severely physically challenged children. The challenge was When Dr Sally Bodkin-Allen was approached by the editors to contribute a taken up by Sam Zhao and Ken Sutton, tutors in the School of Computing. chapter to the Oxford Handbook of Children’s Musical Cultures she leapt at They worked with Bachelor of Information Technology student Andrea the chance. Whitney on a project that has resulted in an ongoing relationship between Southern Institute of Technology and a school in Invercargill.

with the computers without having The book is a selection of chapters by the Auckland-based Kids Music to attach sensors to their heads and contributed from authors all over Company. The first is a didactic limbs, which would have been very the world. It forms a collection of song which stresses the importance intrusive,’ says Ken. ‘Because of perspectives on children and the of wearing hats, sun block and the limited mobility of the children ways that they engage with music sandals during summertime, and and their lack of control over their as singers, dancers, players and the second uses a clever integration movements, any detected motion listeners. Sally is the Academic of natural materials from the beach had to have a wide tolerance Leader and a tutor for the Bachelor as percussion instruments: shells, range.’ of Contemporary Music at Southern rocks, and sand in shakers. These Institute of Technology. Her chapter two songs make connections to From there the project involved presents an exploration of the the outdoor environments which extending the picture recognition musical threads woven throughout are an inherent part of the lives games to using the Kinect for input, the lives of young children growing of young children growing up in with the development of a simple up in Aotearoa/New Zealand. It Aotearoa/New Zealand. music programme that involved the provides an introduction to the Sam Zhao (left) and Ken Sutton, School of Computing children controlling, via the Kinect, Christmas songs are another part ways that young children engage a virtual drum set with cymbals. of the early childhood centre with music in four different early The children, who were aged began with the Southern Institute The project was so successful that repertoire where a distinct sense childhood contexts: kohanga, between 11 and 18, had limited of Technology group learning the tutors will continue working of identity can be seen. “Christmas a’oga amata, childcare centres and motor movement and their more about the children through with the school and a new group on the Beach”, a song that appears kindergartens. While all differ from mobility was restricted to assistant- extending the switch based of students in 2014. Ken and on the Kiwi Kidsongs Collection each other in philosophy, they all propelled wheelchairs. They devices that they already used. Sam presented the results of the (2000), a musical resource created Dr Sally Bodkin-Allen enjoying music time with her draw on similar musical threads. two-year old son William had little or no means of verbal Small programs were developed project at the 2013 Computer and for primary schools throughout communication. ‘A project such that were visually stimulating, and Information Technology Research ‘A great deal of the information Aotearoa/New Zealand, has filtered to hokey pokey ice cream, pavola, as this one is incredibly rewarding,’ involved picture recognition. ‘One and Education in New Zealand in the chapter came from my down to preschools. ‘Christmas in chocolate fish and Anzac biscuits – says Ken. ‘We were also very aware design point that quickly became (CITRENZ) Conference held in experiences carrying out fieldwork the Southern Hemisphere occurs in all ‘cracker Kiwi kai’ – in the story of that our participants requested a apparent was that the software Hamilton. in various early childhood centres summertime, and so many of the a family’s beach Christmas. vulnerable group in society and we needed to use minimal decorative around Aotearoa/New Zealand as traditional Western carols are not needed to follow stringent ethical features and plain coloured part of my PhD,’ says Sally. This particularly relevant for children The Oxford Handbook of Children’s protocols.’ The children’s parents backgrounds,’ Sam explains. was updated by incorporating new here,’ Sally explains. ‘“Christmas Musical Cultures is edited by gave consent to their participation ‘Otherwise the children got very Contact: literature along with experiences on the Beach” refers to having Patricia Sheehan Campbell and in the project, and the involvement distracted.’ from Sally’s wider involvement a barefoot beach picnic under a Trevor Wiggins and published by of the Southern Institute of in the early childhood sector. pōhutakawa tree, an image that Oxford University Press. The next stage of the project Sam Zhao Technology staff and student was ‘One of the aspects I really enjoy is far closer to home than snow involved developing simple School of Computing closely supervised by a teacher at about songs for young children in and mistletoe.’ Other traditional stick figure applications that the the school. [email protected] Aotearoa, is the availability of songs songs might be adapted. One such students could control using the Contact: that have been written to reflect a example is “A Kiwi Jingle Bells”, The project builds on a growing Microsoft Kinect device. The specifically New Zealand identity,’ a book and CD set of a reworked movement in the field of IT to use Kinect uses a series of cameras to Sally Bodkin-Allen Ken Sutton Sally says. These songs include version of the traditional carol sensors and computer controlled detect movement. ‘This was highly School of Contemporary Music School of Computing “You’ve got to Put on Your Hat” and with lyrics that reflect a distinctly devices to assist children with advantageous for our children, as “I went Down to the Beach”, both local Christmas. The verses refer [email protected] special needs. The process it meant they could communicate [email protected]

18 19 Fiona Forrest Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Sir Anthony Hopkins School of Dramatic Arts Faculty of New Media, Arts and Business

Jungle fever hits Invercargill

Fiona Forrest, Programme Manager in the Sir Anthony Hopkins School of Dramatic Arts, directed students in a sell-out production of 1 2 3 Rudyard Kipling’s classic story The Jungle Book.

‘You know you’re onto something good when a series of stories published in 1894 can still be brought to life in 2013,’ says Fiona, who selected this story because it combined her love of India, animals and the works of Rudyard Kipling. ‘We wonder if Rudyard Kipling 4 5 6 knew he was creating a classic when he wrote The Jungle Book, and that it would also be seen in 1: The Jungle Book cast photo with director Fiona Forrest (front row, second from right) film and dramatic productions 2,3,4,5 and 6: Scenes from The Jungle Book performed at Centrestage Theatre, Invercargill. (Photographer: Monica Toretto) through the decades.’ The first version of the film was released Fiona Forrest in 1937, and the latest stage production in New Zealand was Grant of Southland Boys High excitement of the animal kingdom,’ into the heart of the Indian jungle,’ challenges for Fiona was vocal of central India,’ Fiona says. ‘They produced in 2013 by Cat’s Pyjamas School was the theatre technician, says Fiona. ‘Along the way Mowgli Fiona asserts. production of correct dialects and managed to capture the essence, Theatre Company, in association while Jennifer Jiang, a Bachelor meets wise Bagheera the black accents of the Indian language. colour, animals and village people The actors undertook extensive with student actors of the Southern of Hotel Management student, panther, Baloo the bear and Kaa Bachelor of Digital Media student of 1894 and, most importantly, research for characterisation as Institute of Technology Sir Anthony undertook the role of front-of- the snake.’ In order to establish Harish Adhithya from India to honour the truth and spirit of jungle animals and observed and Hopkins School of Dramatic Arts, at house usher. Bachelor of Applied the world of the story the cast were worked with the cast on both Kipling’s story.’ studied their designated animal Centrestage Theatre as part of the Visual Media Arts photography required to study the life and times interpretation and pronunciation for many weeks, with some even Southland Festival of the Arts. students, facilitated by tutor of Rudyard Kipling, the original of words. ‘This greatly enhanced visiting a zoo. According to Fiona, Kevin Miles, captured images in Jungle Book story and the history the understanding of the work The production was a truly ‘the families of monkeys and the final technical run. There was of India. Having visited India Fiona and inspired the actors to develop collaborative project, with the wolves in particular grew week by also a community presence, with was able to provide key facts about deeper, real life meaning and cast including students from the week, bringing great excitement contributions by the Southland the land, industry, culture, customs cultural elements in performing the Southern Institute of Technology and squeals of delight to audiences Multi Nations Society and the staff and jungle environment. During traditional story.’ Graduate Diploma in Performing young and old with their animal of Curry Guru restaurant. the Southland Festival of the Arts Arts, Bachelor of Applied Media antics.’ The theoretical framework The production season proved the cast was also able to view New Contact: Arts and Diploma in Performing The stories of The Jungle Book incorporated by Fiona into the a sensational hit for youngsters Zealand actor and director Jacob Arts. Bachelor of Digital Media are loved by children throughout rehearsal process included and for adults who remembered Rajan performing his devised work Fiona Forrest student Steven Moseley played the world. ‘As Mowgli the man acting theorists Antonin Artaud, this fantastic book from their own set in India, Guru Chai. ‘Meeting Sir Anthony Hopkins School of the fierce, villainous tiger Shere cub stumbles into the wolf pack, Konstantin Stanislavski, Sanford childhoods. ‘I am proud of cast with him after the show to discuss Dramatic Arts Khan. Southern Institute of Kipling takes us into the heart of Meisner, Lee Strasberg and Jerzy and crew and all who contributed arts and India catapulted the actors Technology STAR student Samuel the jungle and reveals the fears and Grotowski. One of the major to transporting us to the Seoni hills [email protected]

20 21 Sally Dobbs Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 School of Nursing Faculty of Health, Humanities & Computing

SIT Nursing students

find themselves caught between themselves: ‘would I want this for failing a student: the nursing Sally Dobbs their professional nursing duty to person looking after me or a profession, or the polytechnic protect the safety of future patients member of my family?’ Sally says nursing school. Currently that is and their desire to see all their that ‘even when the answer was not clear.’ Sally also recommends A collision of two worlds: students succeed.’ She describes an emphatic “no”, some educators defining clear national criteria for this position as being caught still chose not to fail the student.’ the full range of clinical skills that between two worlds: the nursing The reasons for this included lack students need to achieve over what do you do when you have a world and the education world. of training in assessing clinical the course of the degree, and ‘In straddling these two worlds, placements, differing expectations developing a recognised educator nursing student who is failing? nurse educators are responsible to among educators, and a reluctance training programme in clinical a range of different organisations, to end a student’s hopes of a assessment. ‘Failing a student is from the Nursing Council of New nursing career. ‘Many of those unlikely to ever be an easy decision Research by nurse educator Sally Dobbs addresses the difficult issue of how Zealand and district health boards who did fail unsafe students were but steps such as these could make nurse lecturers deal with assessing ‘failing’ nursing students in clinical practice. to polytechnic CEOs and academic left feeling guilty and worried that it more transparent and much less She presented her findings at the Australasian Nurse Educators Conference, boards, that operate with differing their decisions were not supported stressful for all concerned,’ she Wellington, where she was voted best presenter. and sometimes conflicting by their colleagues or managers.’ says. performance expectations.’ Sally identifies a number of areas Sally carried out indepth interviews that could be strengthened to Academic and Relationship Leader Promotion) and a Master of to fail students who did not meet with 14 clinical nurse educators ensure that clinical educators feel in the School of Nursing, Sally Dobbs Science in Medical Science. Her safety and skill standards during at institutes of technology and supported in their decisions to fail Contact: has 28 years of experience in nurse current research forms part of her clinical placements in the final year polytechnics around New Zealand. students. One major issue is who education in New Zealand, the Educational Doctorate through of their degree study. ‘Strange as it She found that, when deciding should be the ‘gatekeeper’ for the Sally Dobbs UK and overseas, including three Massey University. Her topic was may seem, failing a failing student whether a student should ‘fail’ nursing profession. As she explains: School of Nursing years in Nepal. She has a Master inspired by her concern over the is actually not a simple matter,’ or ‘pass’ a clinical assessment, ‘a key issue is that of specifying of Education (Health Education/ complex issues surrounding how Sally says. ‘Clinical educators often nurse educators commonly asked where ultimate responsibility lies [email protected]

22 23 Johanna Rhodes Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Jed Montayre School of Nursing School of Nursing Faculty of Health, Humanities & Computing Faculty of Health, Humanities & Computing

Using PeerWise to build Nursing and dementia: and consolidate knowledge in ‘please don’t take my sunshine nursing education away!’

Nurse educator Johanna Rhodes has developed As dementia becomes a global crisis the future considerable expertise in the use of PeerWise, an of dementia care is an increasingly important on-line platform that encourages nursing students issue. Dr Jed Montayre considers that health care to manage their own revision and learning. providers need to recognise the individual life She shared her experience in a recent paper histories and to comprehend the new realities of published in the Southern Institute of Technology their clients in order to care for them better. Journal of Applied Research. Jed arrived in New Zealand from the need to know what their patients Johanna teaches on undergraduate practice as registered nurses in Philippines in 2011 and practiced in used to do: their jobs, hobbies and Invercargill as a registered nurse other life events.’ This includes and postgraduate programmes New Zealand. This examination Johanna Rhodes Jed Montayre in the School of Nursing. She is made up of a large number of before joining the School of Nursing learning about undesirable or sad completed her Master of Health multiple-choice questions and is at Southern Institute of Technology. incidents such as death of loved Science (Nursing) through Otago facilitated by the Nursing Council of that PeerWise provided students He has a Masters in Nursing from ones, post-traumatic effects of war, His research also highlights the University in 2010 and, in addition, New Zealand. with an opportunity to build and Cebu Normal University in the or earlier diseases and illnesses. importance of understanding she graduated with a Master consolidate their knowledge Philippines and in late 2013 he Jed’s study explores such factors dementia clients’ perception ‘My research was built on a need of Teaching from the University throughout the year. All completed his PhD in Research in relation to current behavioural of their own world or, in other to support meaningful revision of Otago in 2013. During 2013 participants reported that they and Evaluation. ‘My interest in manifestations in people with words, their reality. He gives an for students about to sit the state Johanna published the results of found the process helpful to their dementia began early in my nursing dementia. The findings emphasise example: ‘one lady keeps taking finals,’ Johanna explains. PeerWise research into the value to student learning, in particular the provision career when I learned about that behavioural care plans need to another lady’s walking stick, provides an on-line repository of nurses of using the online revision of a rationale for each answer. the condition from healthcare be intensively individualised and because she thinks she needs it multiple-choice questions created, software platform PeerWise ‘Providing a rationale appears to journals and from movies or stories unique; no counterpart template or because it is raining. Should you answered, rated and discussed for knowledge building and be a pivotal strength of PeerWise,’ depicting dementia conditions,’ textbook-perfect intervention can disagree and argue with her? For by educators and students. The consolidation. Johanna developed Johanna asserts. Other benefits he says. ‘That interest continued establish a generalised approach this behaviour to be managed programme supports self-directed a PeerWise course to support Johanna’s research identified and I ended up working in aged that will effectively manage all properly, a dementia patient’s learning by students, who are Year Three students revising for included providing students with care, looking after patients with people suffering from dementia. perception of reality needs to be able to use it to help consolidate dementia.’ His doctoral research the ‘state finals’, the national developing knowledge about what Jed urges caregivers and health understood first.’ Most of the time, their knowledge by taking part in focused on the development of examination graduating students they knew about a topic, and professionals to be more sensitive however, exploration of the client’s an online or ‘e-community’ with individualised behaviour care must pass in order to be able to providing a direction for further and responsive to triggers of perception of reality is considered their educators and classmates. plans for older people admitted in knowledge building. Her research behavioural manifestations in unimportant. ‘Some people would ‘I saw that with PeerWise there strongly supports the use of secured dementia facilities. ask: “what’s the point? After all, was an opportunity for students the context of a person’s social PeerWise as a teaching tool, and The research recognises the social and personal life history. Nurses they have dementia”.’ Jed believes to continuously build knowledge she argues that ‘the programme that being aware of how each client and revise throughout the year to life histories of clients and how and care assistants working in is tailor-made to optimise the these influence their current secured dementia units are often perceives reality can form the basis prepare for their state finals,’ she potential of learner-determined of individualised behavioural care says. ‘Typically, at the beginning behaviours as manifest in certain unaware of their clients’ personal knowledge.’ circumstances, in ways that backgrounds. ‘This can lead to plans which can be used to predict of a semester, you begin with an and better manage behavioural The full paper can be found on the challenge primary caregivers and misinterpretation of a dementia empty repository and this grows issues. gradually as the course progresses website of the Southern Institute families. ‘Even though there is a patient’s behaviour, and that and more and more questions are of Technology Journal of Applied plethora of research findings and in turn can make for adverse added by the tutor and also by the Research: current information on dementia outcomes,’ he explains. ‘Staff may students themselves.’ available to the public and to misinterpret a dementia patient’s http://sitjar.sit.ac.nz care-providing sectors there still call for assistance as aggressive The paper reports the research remains a challenge for everyone behaviour or a threatening act. Johanna carried out with Contact: to understand dementia under This situation influences the kind Contact: participants drawn from students a combination of factors,’ Jed of nursing care given to client and, enrolled in the final year of their argues. ‘My research highlights at the same time, undermines the Johanna Rhodes Jed Montayre Bachelor of Nursing programme at the importance of knowing a provision of a good quality life for School of Nursing School of Nursing Southern Institute of Technology dementia patient as the person people admitted for dementia in 2012. Her findings confirmed [email protected] that he or she was. Care givers care.’ [email protected]

24 25 Jill Sinclair Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 School of Nursing Faculty of Health, Humanities & Computing

Ethical issues as experienced by nursing students in New Zealand

What ethical dilemmas are student nurses likely to be confronted with during work experience in clinical practice, and what situations do they find most distressing? These are the questions School of Nursing tutor Jill Sinclair asked students around New Zealand.

Jill Sinclair is a nurse educator frequently occurring ethical issues in clinical practice the same way and programme manager on the experienced by nursing students as experienced nurses do,’ she Bachelor of Nursing programme at in New Zealand. She also gathered says. ‘However there has been no Southern Institute of Technology. data on the levels of distress that research published in this country In 2013 she completed her Master the students feel when faced with that explores the experiences of of Nursing at the Eastern Institute these issues. ‘It has long been ethical issues among undergraduate SIT Nursing students in classes of Technology. Her thesis project recognised that nursing students student nurses in clinical practice.’ involved research into the most do not experience ethical problems Jill believes research in this area is important so that nurse educators received 509 responses to the times I am probably moderately can recognise the unique problems questionnaire, which asked distress about this situation as I students face and help develop students about ethical issues feel powerlessness to change the “I found that unsafe working conditions was the most commonly occurring ethical reasoning and competence related to patient rights and patient situation’ (Participant no.182 – among students. care. ‘I found that unsafe working Year Three student). ethical issue facing Bachelor of Nursing students. This was also the issue that conditions was the most commonly Jill’s research interest was sparked With such a rich source of data occurring ethical issue facing when her students reported Jill was able to frame a series the respondents found most distressing.” Bachelor of Nursing students,’ Jill concerns about ethically- of recommendations on this reports. ‘This was also the issue challenging incidents they had important topic. ‘I hope that my that the respondents found most experienced during their clinical findings will be used to inform distressing.’ Breaches of ethical placements in hospitals, community ethics education of nursing principles relating to patient rights clinics, rest homes or other health students and support this aspect of such as confidentiality, privacy, workplaces. ‘These situations their clinical experiences,’ Jill says. dignity and respect were also can be very upsetting for students ‘By developing ethics education causes of concern for respondents. as they struggle to understand around the main concerns that ‘Students reported being and process the healthcare students have in clinical practice, I distressed by witnessing situations environment,’ she explains. ‘I found hope that student understanding that involved compromises to the myself questioning why it was that of the issues will be enhanced, safety of patients, including unsafe I didn’t view the situation the same as will their ability to respond working environments, unsafe way as my students did though. appropriately when these health care practices and suspected Had my moral lens changed over situations arise.’ abuse or neglect,’ she says. They my years in nursing practice? And also described concerns over lack of how should we be teaching ethics support and supervision, bullying, to undergraduates, so that they end-of-life care issues and breaches have some knowledge about how of the ethical principle of veracity. to navigate the real issues they are However the overall distress levels likely to encounter?’ were lower for the majority of In order to collect her data issues for those participants in the Contact: Jill developed a web-based later part of their degree. This can questionnaire that she distributed be summarised best by a student Jill Sinclair via email to members of the New comment: ‘I found this (breach of School of Nursing Zealand Nurses Organisation dignity) highly distressing at first National Student Unit. She but now that I have seen it several [email protected] Jill Sinclair

26 27 Kathryn Mitchell Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 School of Visual Arts, Film and Animation Faculty of New Media, Arts and Business

Performing the DIY Public Museum

Public museums in New Zealand are concerned about funding, collection care, audience engagement, building maintenance and staffing. Kathryn Mitchell is exploring a radically different concept: a ‘DIY Museum’ that acts as a series of fluid, adaptable, performed actions: a local, crowdsourced, social institution.

Kathryn is an artist, and a tutor and programme manager in the School of Visual Arts, Film and Animation. She has a Master of Fine Arts from the Otago Polytechnic School of Art and brings considerable experience in art practice and business to her teaching and research. Her current area of research looks at the challenges and opportunities in reorienting museums from the periphery to the heart of their communities, initiating social action and facilitating public access to cultural heritage. As she explains, ‘my research employs action research alongside a literature review and a series of identified case studies including Volkswagen’s The People’s Film, Kevin Macdonald & Ridley Scott’s Life in a Day (2010), and Rijks Museum’s Rijks Studio to situate Intermission Digital photograph by Kathryn Mitchell the conditions in which a social, crowdsourced, public museum could be performed, documented and distributed within a community.’ Kathryn’s research references the rhetoric of ‘institutional critique’, a term first used by Andrea Fraser in her 1985 essay on ‘In and Out that new technologies such as suggests, with a relatively small institutions,’ says Kathryn. ‘The of Place’. The concept has provided a framework photography, film and sound number focusing on the inclusion term is widely used but I apply it to for a multitude of art practices which question reproduction could contribute to of museum experiences aimed at the idea that content is generated the neutrality of the institution of the museum the development of novel aesthetic activating the remote visitor.’ by or outsourced to users. The and art gallery. In a more recent essay Fraser forms.’ Experimental exhibition crowdsourced museum therefore Kathryn’s research follows suggests that institutional critique has itself practices facilitated the emergence needs to have a deep commitment this tradition of technological become ‘institutionalised’, and she argues for the of the exhibition as an environment to its community as both user and engagement into the twenty first consequent impossibility for artists to occupy a both inside and outside the museum co-curator.’ century with an exploration of the critical perspective from a position outside of or in that immersed viewers in multi- potential for the crowdsourced opposition to the institution. sensory, multi-media, participatory museum. The term ‘crowdsourcing’ environments. ‘Moving forward Drawing on a wide range of literature Kathryn was used in 2006 by Jeff Howe to the more recent past, in the explores the historic background to the emergence of in Wired magazine to describe 1990s virtual museums promoting experimental challenges to the traditional, hegemonic a movement he associated with particular collection items of special idea of the museum. ‘A radical rethink of the role of art ‘digital natives’ who could utilise Contact: significance became available via and the traditional artwork/viewer relationship can low cost tools, with limited the CD-ROM,’ Kathryn states. ‘This be traced back to the early twentieth century avant- attention to production quality, to Kathryn Mitchell tradition of highlighting items from garde visionaries,’ she explains. ‘The Futurists and distribute work on the World Wide School of Visual Arts, Film and the museum is still widespread Dadaists, for example, engaged with the potential Web. ‘Crowdsourcing has become Animation Kathryn Mitchell in today’s museum websites, as prevalent in today’s cultural media historian Erkki Huhtamo [email protected]

28 29 Ruth Myers Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 School of Visual Arts, Film and Animation Faculty of New Media, Arts and Business

Technologies of early film and interdisciplinary performances

Kiss, sneeze, dance, flirt, fight – just some of the bodily displays performed directly for the lens in late-nineteenth and early-twentieth- century popular film. Ruth Myers explores how performance in early film and its technical apparatuses challenged the disciplinary regulation of gender, sexual codes and decency.

Ruth Myers

Ruth is an artist and tutor at regarded academic event. ‘It and politics of viewing, and Southern Institute of Technology was a fantastic opportunity to being viewed, within the larger in Invercargill. She has a Masters present in an international forum frameworks of leisure, work in Art and Design from Auckland alongside well-known artists, and amusement.’ Ruth focused University of Technology (AUT) senior academic staff and fellow on film loops presented via the and is currently working on her PhD candidates,’ says Ruth. She kinetoscope: an individual peephole doctoral thesis in the School of Art was awarded a research grant from viewing device often deployed in and Design at AUT. Her research the AUT Postgraduate Researcher arcades and preceding cinematic focuses on performance and Dissemination Fund for advanced projection. One important media arts, and she has a strong research degree candidates to source in the paper is the early interest in historical film practices attend the conference, as well physiological material in Thomas Photos Caption and feminist theories of gender as support from the Southern Edison’s 1894 Kenetoscopic record and sexual identity. Her PhD Institute of Technology Research of a sneeze as well as his disturbing project questions intersections of Committee. 1903 Electrocution of an elephant. identification and performativity ‘The paper locates observer Ruth’s paper focused on via reflexive body performance in and observed within political Being Made, Video technologies of early film and Installation, St Pauls video and sculpture. complexities of performing self interdisciplinary performances. Gallery Three, AUT, and other,’ she says. She addresses This has been a highly productive ‘This topic sits within my current Auckland, 2013 concepts of the body, ‘normality’ year for Ruth who has given a PhD project “being made”,’ Ruth and the location of social power. Kinetoscopic record of number of presentations and explains. ‘My project explores ‘I was fascinated by how the a sneeze, by Thomas exhibited work in Auckland, “viewing encounters” with the Edison and William Being Made, Video apparatus of the kinetoscope draws Riverton and Invercargill, as well filmic body in early film and Dickson, 1894 Installation, St Pauls attention to our own politicised Gallery Three, AUT, as collaborating with teaching contemporary video art, as performances.’ The paper has Auckland, 2013 colleague Kathryn Mitchell in conditioned by temporalities of been submitted for publication as ‘Civilising Divisions’, a performance display that situate participants part of the conference proceedings The artist at work: at the Dunedin Fringe Festival in in forms of shared performance, the ‘drawing-thinking’ in the AAANZ journal. March 2013. The year culminated addressing and implicating the process in an invitation to Ruth to viewer.’ Whether to titillate or present a conference paper amuse, educate or inform, these Contact: for the ‘Performing Disciplines’ self-conscious performances share session at the Inter-discipline an overt address of the lens: an Ruth Myers Art Association of Australia and explicit exploration of technological School of Visual Arts, Film and New Zealand (AAANZ) Annual mechanisms with a direct address Animation Conference in December 2013. to an audience. ‘In this way I The AAANZ conference is a highly can explore the complexities [email protected]

30 31 Peter Belton Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 School of Visual Arts, Film and Animation Faculty of New Media, Arts and Business

Revisiting ‘Being There’

Artist and educator Peter Belton is celebrating a highly productive and successful year which saw three exhibitions of his works including a major exhibition at the Southland Museum & Art Gallery, Invercargill. Peter Belton

Between February and April 2013 The Southland Museum & Art site: on mountainsides, exposed Peter Belton’s painted drawings Gallery invited Peter to exhibit and broken coastlines – on and were shown in a major exhibition his works, describing him as from the edges of liminal places.’ in the Southland Museum & a well- known and respected Each sketch, when developed Art Gallery. Sixteen large works artist renowned for his boldly further into drawings, has its were presented and were, as the drawn images of people and own story as to how it came into exhibition title suggests, a response their relationships with the being. Peter uses an example to ‘being in the moment’: a physical environment. An exhibition media of one sketch to illustrate this engagement with the elements release commented that: ‘these point. ‘When working from the in and around the outdoors. In depictions are ultimately about the broken escarpments on the flanks June and July 2013 Peter held a artist and how he recognises, feels, of Mt. Roy I took a break to eat a joint exhibition with John Wishart reflects, identifies and analyses sandwich, then lay on my back at the Bank Gallery, Invercargill. the subject matter: how things on the only, small, patch of earth There were four works exhibited, are seen in relation to the space on a spine of sharply falling rock’, including three new pieces. In they occupy as well as to each he says. ‘Under the midday sun October Peter was represented by other.’ As Peter himself explains, I dozed off, only to be woken by four new paintings in the Southern ‘the signifiers in this exhibition are rapid, excited wing beats. Skylarks Institute of Technology staff people and elements of landscape. fleeing down the ridge had whizzed exhibition, Cheaper by the Dozen, Each painting was constructed by close to my head. I looked up in Raw Gallery, Invercargill. from multiple sketches made on and sitting on a rock barely three

metres from my head was a falcon, shifts, was seemingly impossible no doubt the cause of the rush. He and my efforts were frustrated Contact: “these depictions are ultimately about the artist and how he recognises, had stopped to check me out. Into until the eighth visit in very gusty feels, reflects, identifies and analyses the subject matter: how things are seen subsequent sketches, that day and conditions,’ he explains. ‘I recalled Peter Belton in my studio drawings, I drew the my sketches of bird flight; then set School of Visual Arts, Film and in relation to the space they occupy as well as to each other.” trajectories of bird flight.’ about fashioning my drawing on Animation the sweeping action of the wind At a later date Peter made eight around, into and over the hillsides. [email protected] visits to Mihiwaka, a prominent This provided me with a structure, hill with sweeping vistas up the with a rhythmic coherency onto Otago coast from Taiaroa Heads which I could project and develop to Karitane and beyond, each my re-presentation of landform. in different weathers and times My imposition of structure was of day. ‘Making a coherent my attempt at making sense of my response to so much visual being there.’ information, affected by these

32 33 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013

Foveaux Autumn Moment by Peter Belton. Oils on board, 770x900mm

Swept by Peter Belton. Wakatipu. Mixed oil media on board, 770x900mm.

Overwritten by Peter Belton. Mixed oil media, 900x1100mm

34 35 David Woolley Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 School of Visual Arts, Film and Animation Faculty of New Media, Arts and Business

Making the invisible, Cymatics and red laser - Water Tests Cymatics and red laser - Water Tests visible Amplified sound with digital kaleidoscopic effect Amplified sound with digital kaleidoscopic effect

What does sound look like? David Woolley describes how he employed interactive design to augment the invisible phenomenon of sound, amid the challenges of completing his Master of Design within one year. David Woolley A full-time tutor in the School of between dimensions. Other a highly sensitive microphone and Visual Arts, Film and Animation, elements included using computer these sounds produced cymatics in 2013 David also took on the programming techniques to create through water which were then challenge of carrying out a Master of visuals that responded to audio in projected onto a large suspended Design through Massey University real time, and that revealed the disc. Vibrating water at different in Wellington. ‘I thought: fulltime science of sound through cymatics: frequencies produces patterns and Masters in a year, I can do that!’ the study of visible sound co- these were captured via a small laughs David. ‘I hadn’t realised vibration. video camera,’ says David. After that such an undertaking on top of being further enhanced to provide a David’s project culminated in a full time work would prove quite more intense, kaleidoscopic effect, public exhibition of his installation the juggling act.’ He managed to the ‘sound’ was projected onto a work in Wellington where he aimed achieve his goal and at the same large, suspended 3m diameter disc to present a dynamic, interactive time create a number of innovative receiving cymatics and oscilloscopic visual representation of sound. and challenging works of art to real-time visualisations. Colour Audience interaction was an make the invisible – sound – visible. fluctuations within cymatics were integral part of the audio-visual created by sound-reactive LEDs The aim of the Masters’ project experience. The experience began in and around the cymatic device was to give the user a heightened when visitors entered a darkened in an attempt to intensify cymatic sensory experience by augmenting room where a single semi- colouring. the invisible phenomenon of transparent sphere was suspended sound. Sound itself cannot be at eye level. ‘The dark room David was fascinated by the visible, but the effects of sound can created and intensified audience spontaneous responses of the be made so. The research reflects focus,’ David says. The suspended viewers. ‘Whether they actively David’s personal fascination with sphere received a continual loop participated or simply watched Cymatics - Water Tests Cymatics no additional lighting- Water Tests the unseen elements in nature, of 3D animated projections and the behaviour of others, people Amplified sound with digital kaleidoscopic effect Amplified sound with digital kaleidoscopic effect made visible through scientific from these it produced a 2.5D were definitely made more aware principles and technology. ‘Much video projection. ‘This was used of sound through contemplation of this project unifies my passion to demonstrate how sound really of simultaneous visuals of form for audio and vision through travels around us,’ he explains. and pattern.’ And David’s final design,’ he explains. ‘Through ‘Sound is not the simple sine wave comment on the experience of this research I was able to bring pattern as it is usually portrayed. doing all this alongside a busy together my love of music and art Sound explodes in bubbles around teaching schedule? ‘What was I with my fascination with physics.’ us.’ Images on the sphere therefore thinking!’ Images created by water in a vessel vibrating at various frequencies, portrayed sound as if emanating enhanced by simultaneously passing laser and LED light through it His research was informed by the from the centre of the ball and works of audio-visual designers such spreading out over it. as Victoria Vesna, Kit Webster, Rob Hawkes and Evan Grant. Concepts The audience itself provide the Contact: applied from their works included raw material. A second installation engaging audiences through used a computer, camera and David Woolley participatory aesthetic experiences highly sensitive microphone to School of Visual Arts, Film and by augmenting otherwise unseen provide projected cymatics. ‘If Animation objects and making them visible, people spoke, coughed or even and the exploration of interplay whispered, this was picked up by [email protected]

36 37 Jo Whittle Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 SIT Research Institute Teaching Development and Support Unit

Huntly Power Station and the history of environmentalism in New Zealand

In an article published in 2013 in the journal Environment and Nature in New Zealand Dr Jo Whittle explores the public resistance to construction of the Huntly Power Station and reveals a little-known aspect of New Zealand’s environmental history.

Jo is the Research Officer at Huntly Power Station on the banks of the Waikato River. (Photographer: John Whittle) Southern Institute of Technology. She is an historian with an interest in technology and the conservation battles were over schools.’ While debates about Jo explains, ‘these communities environment. In a recent article in developments in places where few remote, natural places were were the nearest neighbours to the environmental history journal people lived: in national parks and stimulated by a national sense the power station, less than 500 Environment and Nature in New scenic areas such as native forests of identity, issues of air and metres away.’ Zealand, Jo examines the history of or lakes.’ In contrast, protests at water pollution occurred in the At Huntly, Jo argues, local people the construction of the coal-burning Huntly never achieved the status of places where people lived – their used what was then the very new Huntly Thermal Power Station built a national environmental campaign ‘back yards’ – and revealed ‘the language of environmentalism to on the lower Waikato River from because the power station was environment’ as a local and a articulate their own views of the 1973 to 1983. ‘Many people will not built in an area that many domestic domain. impacts that the power station have seen the power station as people considered scenic. One of Very few biological studies were would have on their lives. Ultimately they drive along State Highway One the reasons for locating the power carried out during scheme planning strict conditions were placed on between Auckland and Hamilton’, station in Huntly was a belief that so many potential impacts were the operation of the power station she says. ‘It’s a vast square building citizens of that small and declining unknown even as construction to manage environmental impacts, with two tall chimneys, just north coal-mining town would be less got underway, and local people and the community also managed of Huntly township.’ The scheme likely to complain about a power found it hard to interpret what to convince the government that was one of the biggest construction station on their doorsteps than data was available. This created social impacts should be taken into jobs ever undertaken in New the inhabitants of most other considerable unease among account in development decisions. Zealand and it is the country’s communities in the North Island. the community. When a local The full article is available online at: largest thermal power scheme. ‘The Huntly case has been largely asked about the effects on water It brought enormous changes to http://environmentalhistory- overlooked but it is actually quality of extracting and then the small town of Huntly and the au-nz.org/new-zealand/new- very important in our national discharging cooling water back into surrounding rural landscape. zealand-journal/ environmental history, ’ Jo argues. the Waikato River, for example, The story of the construction of the ‘It really interested me because he was told by the government power station highlights a little- it was one of the first big power engineer that this was a technical known aspect of the emergence schemes built in an area where engineering problem which could Contact: of an environmental consciousness a large number of people lived, be resolved later. Inhabitants in New Zealand. ‘We are more worked and played. It had impacts of the Waahi Marae and nearby Jo Whittle familiar with campaigns to save on domestic water quality, air Maori communities were also SIT Research Institute beautiful natural places,’ Jo says. Jo Whittle quality, noise and traffic and it worried about the impacts on their As she argues, ‘the first famous disrupted residential areas and land, communities and health. As [email protected]

38 39 Erine van Niekerk Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Centre for Research Excellence in Environmental Management Faculty of Health, Humanities & Computing

A characterisation of cold water springs near the Mararoa River, Southland

Erine van Niekerk, Programme Manager for the Environmental Management Degree, is spear-heading the ongoing monitoring of cold water springs adjacent to the Mararoa River in Western Southland. The aim of the research is to establish a baseline set of data that will contribute toward the future management of the quality and cultural values of these unique waters.

Erine is working in collaboration contribute towards helping answer Erine, Jason Holland and with Jason Holland of Adventure questions about the sources and Clint Rissman presented their Southland and Clint Rissman flow direction of groundwater findings in a poster at the New from Environment Southland on a in this area, and about the Zealand Hydrological Society longitudinal analysis of the water connections between the springs and Meteorological Society of quality and chemical composition and the nearby river.’ New Zealand Joint Conference in of three freshwater springs on Palmerston North in November Monthly sampling of the springs private farmland along the Mararoa 2013. This is a major water quality began in July 2011, with analyses River. The study also compares the conference in New Zealand with of wide range of parameters characteristics of the spring waters a focus on sharing new data including temperature, pH levels, Erine van Niekerk collecting spring water samples with research assistant Jason Holland with those of the adjacent Mararoa and applying the most current total suspended solids and levels River, in order to analyse observed methodologies in what is a rapidly of dissolved boron, bromine, differences in water quality and developing area of science. ‘Not total nitrogen and phosphorus. composition between the two. only did I have the opportunity to The chemical composition of the share my own research findings In addition to providing information springs is quite different from that but I was also able to attend about current water quality the of the adjacent river and indicates presentations on a wide variety long-term collection of data is that their waters are derived of very topical areas of research important for understanding the from groundwater discharge and including groundwater quality, way that the springs relate to the that the springs have a lower nutrient flows and freshwater wider catchment. ‘Ultimately we mean recharge altitude. Over the springs,’ Erine says. want to determine the source testing period water quality in the of the spring waters,’ says Erine. springs falls within recommended Very little is known currently environmental guidelines. about the sources and behaviour ‘Currently water quality in the of these important water springs is high,’ states Erine. ‘We Contact: resources. ‘Springs act as a zone of hope that the data can be applied in interaction between surface water, the future to enhance positive and Erine van Niekerk groundwater and various terrestrial collaborative approaches to water Centre for Research Excellence in ecosystems,’ she explains. ‘We and land management in order to Environmental Management believe the data collected to date maintain their environmental and establishes a baseline that can cultural qualities.’ [email protected]

40 41 Anna Palliser Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Centre for Research Excellence in Environmental Management Faculty of Health, Humanities & Computing

Phronetic social science: a methodology embedded in practical wisdom

Local knowledge and practical wisdom has much to offer in the management of natural resources. This belief underpins research by Anna Palliser into the management of the complex environment of Banks Peninsula in Canterbury.

Anna Palliser (centre) submitting her completed doctoral thesis Akaroa Harbour, Banks Peninsula, Canterbury

Anna teaches on the Environmental people, groups and government ecological system. ‘Knowledge that approach to social science as move away from privileging so- Management Degree programme agency representatives, attended is considered universally “true” developed by Oxford Professor Bent called scientific data over that of Contact: at Southern Institute of community meetings and spent and which can be used to develop Flyvbjerg. ‘Phronesis is associated indigenous and local ecological Technology. She holds a Master periods working with two local general or universal theory is with knowing the best thing to knowledge, in order to develop Anna Palliser of Environmental Education and community groups to achieve currently considered to have higher do in a given situation as guided equitable approaches for working Centre for Research Excellence in Sustainable Development degree resource management and value than local knowledge and by experience and an embedded with a range of knowedges,’ she Environmental Management from University College of Wales, conservation outcomes. Her practical wisdom,’ Anna says. ‘I understanding of the context,’ says. In the complex environmental Trinity College Carmarthen and work opened up fundamental believe this creates a deficit model Anna explains. ‘This is in contrast problems we are faced with, it is [email protected] has just completed her Doctor of questions for her around what when it comes to understanding to ‘episteme’ or knowledge that rarely possible to determine what Philosophy through University of types of environmental knowledge how to manage the environment. is abstract and universal, which is true. ‘Far more often we have to Otago. Using the Banks Peninsula are given priority in addressing It discounts the important is the knowledge that is currently decide what is the best thing to do situation as a case study she environmental management knowledge of people who live and considered in academia and policy- in the middle of much uncertainty. analysed the factors that assisted or issues. She examined the different work in an area.’ She considers making to have a higher value than Phronesis, or practical wisdom and impeded local people in developing types of knowledge generated that professional environmental phronesis.’ experience, can contribute much to the capacity to take a central role by scientists and by local people managers need to draw on local these situations.’ Anna argues that a phronological in the sustainable management of and found that the two do not knowledge to support decision- approach has much to offer in their environment. necessarily reach the same making. the analysis of complex socio- conclusions about environmental As part of her research Anna Anna’s research methodology ecological systems like that of realities in what is a complex socio- interviewed a wide range of local was underpinned by a phronetic Banks Peninsula. ‘We need to

42 43 Dr Ross Ramsay Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Centre for Research Excellence in Environmental Management Faculty of Health, Humanities & Computing

believe. Although questions were directed back to the manufacturer as to the efficacy of both types of traps in Waitutu Forest pest monitoring early 2013, it was not till mid-2014 that we had verbal advice that a design fault in the form of gas leakage had and the use of Cornish soapstone been recognised by GoodNature at least 18 months earlier.’ Subsequently all automatic Henry traps have been replaced with reconditioned traps. ‘The main in early English ceramics criticism we would make is the need for much better communication between the manufacturer and the Dr Ross Ramsay was involved in a number of major research projects in user in the field.’ 2013 that reflected his diverse areas of expertise, from promoting pest During 2013 Ross also continued his on-going research management in the forests of Fiordland to publishing on the chemical into the development of the English porcelain industry. composition of antique ceramics. Research funding from Southern Institute of Technology has allowed on-going research into the use of the raw Magnesium-Phosphorous shell dish traditionally attributed to Limehouse but no longer recognised as material soapstone (a rock rich in talc) in the production such after tests by Ross Ramsay and co-researchers of early English porcelains. In early 2013 Ross and his co-reseachers Pat Daniels and Gael Ramsay published Ross teaches on the Environmental The project is supported by The Waitutu trap monitoring a major monograph on the Limehouse porcelain Management Degree programme. Southern Institute of Technology, programme ran for the full year, manufactory. In this account, based on porcelain He holds a Bachelor of Science and Environment Southland, the evaluating the effectiveness composition, Ross and Gael have been able trace a line Master of Science (Hons) from the Waitutu Incorporation and of conventional 150 box traps of ascent from ceramic crucibles made in Stamford, University of Auckland and a PhD in Wairaurahiri Jet. A number of against the automatic GoodNature England, through the Burghley House porcelain jars geology from the University of New students on the Southern Institute A24 Henry traps. In addition 12 produced prior to 1683, then the experimental work England. He has been heading a of Technology Environmental GoodNature A12 Henry traps were of the Royal Society of London in its porcelain firings collaborative project to survey and Management Degree programme also monitored. At this stage of the from 1708 to the 1720s, and thence through to Bow manage possums, rats and stoats are involved in the project, setting monitoring conventional box traps and Limehouse porcelain manufacturers. in the Waitutu Forest in eastern out and checking traps and are well ahead in the control of rats The research team also published a monograph in Fiordland, an untouched, lowland collecting data on pest numbers and mustelids when compared with 2013 that further contributes to the understanding broadleaf-podocarp forest. His and trapping results. ‘The project the automatic Henry traps. ‘This of the development of early English porcelains. ‘This work at Waitutu involves surveying provides a great opportunity for is a pity as we have been keen to research addresses the most significant problem in and trapping pest mammals our students to get direct, hands- support a New Zealand initiative,’ current English ceramic studies, namely the date of on land owned by the Waitutu on experience of a conservation Ross explains. ‘It became apparent manufacture and factory attribution of a number of Incorporation and managed for project in a pristine environment,’ by the end of 2013 that neither the soapstone George II busts and associated historical conservation purposes by the says Ross. GoodNature A12 and A24 traps wall brackets,’ says Ross. To date virtually every Department of Conservation. were working as we had been led to eighteenth century factory and recipe type has been invoked to explain these figural porcelains. ‘By examining a number of these busts we have been Dr Ross Ramsay (Photograph by Jessica Agate) able to develop a chronological development based on potting and historical documents. We can clearly identify a Dettingen group made in mid-1745, and a Culloden group made in mid-1746. ’ Ross notes that the symbolism associated with bust and bracket is critical in dating them. ‘The bust of King George II wearing a cuirass refers to the battle of Dettingen in late 1743, while a second group with brackets refers to the battle of Culloden, the Protestant succession and the suppression of Catholic rebellion. This has helped us correctly date their manufacture.’

Contact: George II bust on original wall bracket, showing the king wearing a cuirass in reference to the battle of Dettin- Dr Ross Ramsay gen. The wall bracket reflects the Hanoverian succes- Centre for Research Excellence in sion, Protestant ascendency, and Britannia trampling on Environmental Management Catholic rebellion. (Photograph copyright: Los Angeles County Museum and Art Gallery: Darragh Collection [email protected] and Hearst Collection.)

44 45 Ross Ramsay and Jo Whittle Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Centre for Research Excellence in Environmental Management and SIT Research Institute

Biodiversity in Our Backyard

Dr Ross Ramsay and Dr Jo Whittle, were part of a collaborative team who organised and ran a regional biodiversity expo to share ideas about how landowners can protect biodiversity on their own land.

Ross Ramsay Jo Whittle

and a wide range of community and environmental groups from as far away as Dunedin, Central Otago and Stewart Island. There were live geckos, freshwater crayfish and eels on display, which proved to be very popular with both children and adults. Phil Reid of Hokonui Radio acted as the MC for the event. Key note speakers included Emeritus Professor Sir Alan Mark and Professor Henrik Moller, both of the University of Otago, and Lynsey Stratford from the environmental award winning South Coast Dairies at Curio Bay. These key note talks Cain Duncan of Fonterra talks with a visitor at the Southland Biodiversity Expo were supported by 16 ‘bite-size’ presentations throughout the day, where farmers, local government The inaugural Southland ideas and practical tools to help and agencies, nurseries, Biodiversity Expo ‘Biodiversity landowners protect and enhance Southern Institute of Technology in our Backyard’ was held at biodiversity,’ explains Ross. ‘It Environmental Management Southern Institute of Technology was aimed at Southland farmers students, community groups and in Invercargill on Saturday 13 July and lifestyle block owners who trusts shared their good ideas for 2013. It provided an inspiring wanted to find out more about the promoting biodiversity on private snapshot of what landowners, benefits of biodiversity on private land in just five minutes each. ‘This presentation and helped run the businesses and communities land. It offered inspirational and was a great format for maximum SIT expo stand. Ross is enthusiastic Contact: Photos above throughout Southland are practical ideas on how to look after sharing of good ideas and practical about the way the day unfolded. achieving by working together to streams and wetlands, protect Community expo stand at tools in the minimum time,’ ‘This was a very successful event,’ Dr Ross Ramsay enhance biodiversity and reduce bush remnants and encourage Southland Biodiversity Expo, explains Jo. he says. ‘It was a great example of Centre for Research Excellence in their environmental footprint. native birds and insects on private 13 July 2013 how organisations and individuals Environmental Management property.’ Environmental Management can work collaboratively to support The event was organised by students – very visible in their biodiversity protection and achieve [email protected] Community Close up koura, Southern Institute of Technology, Approximately 140 people bright orange t-shirts – helped set Fonterra, Environment Southland attended the day of presentations local environmental goals.’ group stand at Southland up and run the event and were Southland Biodiversity (ES), Department of Conservation and enjoyed informative displays great ambassadors for the institute. Jo Whittle Biodiversity Expo (DOC) and New Zealand Landcare from agencies such as ES, Two students, Julie Waters and SIT Research Institute Expo, 13 July Trust. ‘The expo was conceived DOC, Fonterra, Landcare Trust, Karen Maw, gave a ‘bite-size’ 2013 as a one-stop shop for inspiring Southland Community Law Centre [email protected]

46 47 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013

STAFF RESEARCH STAFFOUTPUTS RESEARCH 2013 OUTPUTS 2013

Books and monographs Published papers and articles Exhibitions Performance Reviews

Daniels, P., Ramsay, R. & Ramsay, Bodkin-Allen, S. (2013). Rhodes, J. (2013). Using Belton, P. (2013). On being there. Forrest, F. (Cat’s Pyjamas in Mitchell, K. (2013). 5th Auckland G. (2013). The George II busts Interweaving threads of music PeerWise to knowledge build and Southland Museum and Art association with SIT’s Sir Anthony Triennial: “if you were to live and historic wall brackets. The in the whariki of early childhood consolidate knowledge in nursing Gallery, Invercargill, New Zealand. Hopkins School of Dramatic Arts, here”. Artlink: contemporary art motivation, technology and cultures in Aotearoa/New Zealand. education. Southern Institute of Southern Institute of Technology). of Australia and the Asia-Pacific, symbolism by which the models In P. S Campbell & T Wiggins (Eds.). Technology Journal of Applied Director, The Jungle Book by 33(3), 86-87. can be dated to 1744-6 and The Oxford handbook of children’s Research, 1-12. Retrieved from Belton, P. & Wishart, J. (2013). Rudyard Kipling, adapted by John attributed to the first Bow Factory music cultures (pp. 387-401). http://sitjar.sit.ac.nz/Pages/ Soiree at the bank. The Bank Art Hartoch. Invercargill: Southland in Middlesex. Oxfordshire, United Oxford, England: Oxford University Publications.aspx?year=2013 Gallery, Invercargill, New Zealand. Festival of the Arts 2013. May Kingdom: Gomer Press. Press. 2013.

Sagmyr, J. (2013). Feel the art Hart, K. (2013). Maori bubbles. Ramsay, W. R. H, Daniels, P., Bodkin-Allen, S. (2013). The ‘SIT’ baby! Dissolving writer’s block. City Gallery, Invercargill, New Mitchell, K. & Myers, R. (2013). and Ramsay, E.G. (2013). The tour. Tune me in, 8(3), 26. Tune me in, 8(3), 26. Zealand. Civilising divisions. Dunedin, New Limehouse Porcelain Factory: Zealand: Dunedin Fringe Festival. its output, antecedents and the March 2013. influence of the Royal Society of Bodkin-Allen, S. & Whittle, J. Smith, D. & Smith, J. (Eds.). Myers, R. (2013). Cheaper London on the evolution of English (2013). Survey of participation (2013). A massage degree and by the dozen. RAW Gallery, porcelain based on composition in sport and recreation among beyond: the journey of BTSM Southern Institute of Technology, William-Manson, H. (Sir Anthony and technology pathways. students in years 7 and 8 in graduates 2004-2013. Southern Invercargill, New Zealand. Hopkins School of Dramatic Arts, Invercargill, New Zealand: W.R.H. Southland. Southern Institute Institute of Technology Journal Southern Institute of Technology). Ramsay. of Technology Research of Applied Research, Special Director, Gone with the breeze Edition. Institute. Retrieved from http:// Retrieved from http:// Myers, R. (2013). Non-orifice.St by Tim Kelly and Bill France. www.srknowledge.org.nz/ sitjar.sit.ac.nz/Pages/Publications. Paul’s Gallery Three, Auckland Invercargill: Centrestage. October research-completed/survey- aspx?year=2013 University of Technology, 2013. of-participation-in-sport-and- Auckland, New Zealand. recreation-among-students-in- years-7-and-8-in-southland/ Whittle, J. (2013) Into the backyard: Huntly Power Myers, R. (2013). Witness. Station and the history of Riverton Arts Centre, Riverton, Hoffman, J., Whittle, J. & Bodkin- environmentalism in New Zealand. New Zealand. Allen, S. (2013). The engagement ENNZ: Environment and Nature in of Māori and Pasifika students at New Zealand, 8(1), 7-38. Retrieved ITPs: Sharing good practice. He from http://environmentalhistory- Kupu Whakatahi: Journal of Best au-nz.org/new-zealand/new- Practice in Applied and Māori/ zealand-journal/ Indigenous Vocational Education. Third Edition, 17-26. Retrieved from http://www.waiariki.ac.nz/ Zhao, S., Whitney, A. & Sutton, K. about/journal-best-practice.asp (2013). HCI: Helping Southland children with special needs. In Proceedings of the 26th annual Morton, S. (2013). The odd CITRENZ conference (pp. 239- one out: gender imbalance in 240). Hamilton, New Zealand: tertiary ICT education. 73-81. In Computing and Information Proceedings of the 26th annual Technology Research and CITRENZ conference (pp. 73- Education New Zealand. Retrieved 81). Hamilton, New Zealand: from http://www.citrenz. Computing and Information ac.nz/?page_id=1095 Technology Research and Education New Zealand. Retrieved 48 from http://www.citrenz. 49 ac.nz/?page_id=1095 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013 Southern Institute of Technology Research Institute | Research Report 2013

Conference presentations Public talks Postgraduate theses

Bodkin-Allen, S. (2013). Using a powerful key to student learning practice to provide opportunities Batson, B. (2013). Glimpses of Montayre, J. (2013). Evaluation of Facebook to enhance student engagement. Paper presented at for knowledge building and a hidden world. Presentation to the effectiveness of interventions engagement. ‘Six minute solution’ the National Tertiary Teaching and consolidation in nursing education. Southland Environmental Field utilized for challenging behaviours presentation at the National Learning Conference, Invercargill, Presentation at the Australian Group, Invercargill, New Zealand. in dementia: a basis for specified Tertiary Teaching and Learning New Zealand. Nurse Educators Conference, dementia model of care pathway Conference, Invercargill, New Wellington, New Zealand. (Unpublished doctoral thesis). Morton, S. (2013). The odd one Zealand. Myers, R. (2013). Member of Cebu Normal University, out: gender imbalance in tertiary Sagmyr, J. (2013). Are we having critique panel, Auckland University Philippines. Dobbs, S. (2013). A collision of two ICT education. Paper presented fun yet? ‘Six minute solution’ of Technology Visual Arts Talk worlds: a phenomenological study at the Computing and Information presentation at the National Week, Auckland, New Zealand. into the experience of clinical nurse Technology Research and Tertiary Teaching and Learning Rhodes, J. (2013). Participating lecturers assessing ‘failing’ nursing Education New Zealand (CITRENZ) Conference, Invercargill, New in a PeerWise on-line community students in clinical practice. Paper Conference, Hamilton, New Zealand. Waters, J., Ramsay, W.R.H. & Maw, of practice provided opportunities presented at the Australian Nurse Zealand. Sutton, K. (2013). Phidgets – USB K. (2013). Skink monitoring on for knowledge building and Educators Conference, Wellington, Mumford, J. (2013). Math Sensing and Control. Workshop Tiwai Peninsula. Presentation consolidating understanding New Zealand. anxiety: risk factors, strategies and presented at the Computing and at Biodiversity in my Backyard: to nursing students in the Forrest, F. (2013). The world’s opportunities. Paper presented at Information Technology Research Southland Biodiversity Expo, third year of the Bachelor of your oyster. ‘Six minute solution’ the National Tertiary Teaching and and Education New Zealand Invercargill, New Zealand. Nursing programme at the presentation at the National Learning Conference, Invercargill, (CITRENZ) Conference, Hamilton, Southern Institute of Technology Tertiary Teaching and Learning New Zealand. New Zealand. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Conference, Invercargill, New University of Otago, New Zealand. Myers, R. (2013). Technologies van Niekerk, E., Holland, Zealand. of Early Film and Interdisciplinary J. & Rissman, C. (2013). A Marambos, P. (2013). Are Performances. Paper presented characterisation of cold Sinclair, J. (2013). New Zealand the educational performance at the Art Association of Australia water springs, Mararoa River, nursing students’ experience of indicators (EPIs) used to measure and New Zealand (AAANZ) Southland. Poster presentation ethical issues in clinical practice the performance of universities Annual Conference, University of at the Hydrological Society (Unpublished master’s thesis). and polytechnics in New Zealand Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. and Meteorological Society of Eastern Institute of Technology, fit for purpose? Paper presented New Zealand Joint Conference, Pienaar, H. (2013). Improving New Zealand. at the New Zealand Management Palmerston North, New Zealand. sprint cycling performance. Accounting Conference, Poster presentation at the Waters, J. & Ramsay W.R.H. Queenstown, New Zealand. Exercise Science for Health and (2013). Native reptile surveys, Tyrie, F. (2013). Te kahu: an Marambos, P. (2013). How we are Sports Performance Conference, Tiwai Peninsula, Southland, NZ: investigation into the potential role measured as educators impacts Christchurch, New Zealand. linking undergraduate experiential of a programme based business upon how we teach. Paper learning to research. Paper incubator on the Postgraduate Rhodes, J. (2013). Ask, share, presented at the National Tertiary presented at the National Tertiary Diploma in Business Enterprise learn. Workshop presented at Teaching and Learning Conference, Teaching and Learning Conference, delivered by the Southern the National Tertiary Teaching and Invercargill, New Zealand. Invercargill, New Zealand. Institute of Technology, New Learning Conference, Invercargill, Zealand (Unpublished master’s Montayre, J. (2013). The New Zealand. Zhao, S., Whitney, A. & Sutton, K. dissertation). University of Wales, motivation to study nursing: the (2013). HCI: Helping Southland Rhodes, J. (2013). Learning is United Kingdom of Great Britain. making of a nurse or a nurse in children with special needs. Poster not a spectator sport: avoiding the making. Paper presented at presented at the Computing and “just another lecture”. Paper the Australian Nurse Educators Information Technology Research presented at the National Tertiary Conference, Wellington, New and Education New Zealand Teaching and Learning Conference, Zealand. (CITRENZ) Conference, Hamilton, Invercargill, New Zealand. New Zealand. Montayre, J. (2013). Motivation: Rhodes, J. (2013). Using PeerWise to develop a community of

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