WBEA Health, Safety & Environment Manual 2017

WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENT ASSOCIATION

HEALTH, SAFETY,

& ENVIRONMENT

MANUAL

Revised September 2017

Health, Safety, and Environment Manual Revisions

Procedure/Policy Date of Author Summary of Changes Revision HS&E Manual March 2015 S Brown Complete manual revision.

Emergency Preparedness Apr 9/15 S Brown Insertion of Station/Field Work Site Emergencies

Hazard Identification & Apr 13/15 S Brown Minor wording update. Assessment SWP – Office & Building Apr 13/15 S Brown Names changed to titles. Safety Clarification of phone location.

SWP – Working in areas with Apr 13/15 S Brown Revised Hi-Vol sampling times. high noise levels JHA – AMS 12 Station Apr 15/15 S Brown New job hazard analysis for Suncor AMS 12 Operation & Sample Collection JHAs June 16/15 S Brown Risk ratings updated to risk evaluation matrix and clerical updates to reflect new HS&E manual. Critical Task List June 18/15 S Brown Risk rated critical task list

Company Rules July 13/15 S Brown Minor wording changes under WBEA Safety Rules paragraph. Electronic Device Use policy July 13/15 S Brown Minor wording changes under Driving and Cell Phones paragraph. Include clarification of WBEA discipline upon violation. Safety Inspections July 14/15 S Brown Change AMS inspections from quarterly to biannual.

SWP – Office and Building Oct 29/15 S Brown Minor revision of Administration Office Alarm Instructions Safety Scent Sensitivity Policy Jan 14/16 S Brown New policy

SWP – Helicopter Safety Jan 14/16 S Brown Wording revision to Field Protocol regarding radios.

JHA – AMS 12 Station Jan 14/16 S Brown Delete JHA, station had fire in Aug 2015, Decision made Operation and Sample not to replace existing station. Collection JHA – Distance Driving Jan 14/16 S Brown Created and entered into manual

JHA – AMS 19 (Firebag) Check Apr 27/16 S Brown/D Created new JHA for AMS 19. Equipment and Sample Russell Collection SWP – Helicopter Aug 4/16 S Brown Hover landings with training permitted.

SWP – Weather Aug 5/16 S Brown Include sun protection

PPE Oct 26/16 S Brown Boot allowance policy change to “Up to $200 every year for both AAM and TEEM field personnel.”

Complete manual September S Brown Administrative revisions and updates. 2017 SWPs – Pole Pruner Use/ September C David/G New Safe Work Practices Operation of Weed Trimmers 2017 Cross

Table of Contents 1. HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT POLICY, ROLES, AND RESPONSIBILITIES ...... 1 1.1 PURPOSE ...... 1 1.2 SCOPE ...... 1 1.3 HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT POLICY ...... 3 1.4 ASSIGNMENT OF RESPONSIBILITIES ...... 5 Manager Responsibilities ...... 5 Lead/Coordinator Responsibilities ...... 5 Safety Coordinator Responsibilities ...... 5 Employee Responsibilities ...... 6 1.5 LEGISLATION, REGULATIONS, AND STANDARDS ...... 7 Legislative Compliance ...... 7 Obligations of Employers and Workers ...... 7 Existence of Imminent Danger (Right to Refuse) ...... 7 Access to Information ...... 8 Table 1. Legislation, Regulations and Standards Links ...... 8 1.6 EMPLOYEE HEALTH, SAFETY, AND ENVIRONMENT AGREEMENT FORM ...... 9 2. COMPANY RULES AND STANDARDS ...... 11 2.1 WBEA SAFETY RULES ...... 11 2.2 GROUNDS FOR IMMEDIATE DISMISSAL...... 11 2.3 ENFORCEMENT AND DISCIPLINE ...... 12 2.4 FIT FOR DUTY ...... 12 2.5 DRUG AND ALCOHOL USE POLICY ...... 13 Drug and Alcohol Use Policy Definitions ...... 14 Drug and Alcohol Work Rule ...... 15 Responsibilities ...... 16 Site Specific Policies ...... 17 Company Hosted Social Events ...... 17 Education ...... 17 Testing and Investigations ...... 17 Compliance ...... 19 Assistance and Accommodation ...... 19 Confidentiality ...... 20 Table 2: Drug and alcohol Concentration Testing Limits ...... 20 2.6 ELECTRONIC DEVICE USE POLICY ...... 21 Personal Cell Phones ...... 21 Company Supplied Cell Phones ...... 21

Driving and Cell Phones ...... 21 Phone Camera Use ...... 22 Cell Phones in Meetings...... 22 2.7 WORKPLACE HARASSEMENT & VIOLENCE POLICY ...... 23 Workplace Harassment and Violence Policy Definitions ...... 24 Rights and Responsibilities ...... 24 Reporting Procedure ...... 24 2.8 SCENT SENSITIVE WORK ENVIRONMENT POLICY...... 26 3. TRAINING AND COMMUNICATION ...... 27 3.1 ORIENTATION ...... 27 3.2 TRAINING ...... 27 3.3 WEEKLY FOC MEETINGS ...... 28 3.4 SAFETY MEETINGS ...... 28 3.5 OUTSIDE COMMUNICATIONS ...... 28 4. WORKPLACE SAFETY PROGRAMS ...... 29 4.1 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION & ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES ...... 29 Job Hazard Analysis ...... 30 Risk Evaluation ...... 30 Worksite Observances (Formal hazard assessment) ...... 31 Ongoing Hazard Assessment Process (Informal hazard assessment) ...... 31 4.2 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) ...... 53 AAM PPE Requirements ...... 53 TEEM PPE Requirements ...... 54 4.3 INSPECTIONS ...... 56 4.4 FATIGUE MANAGEMENT ...... 57 Responsibilities ...... 57 Management ...... 57 Leads ...... 57 Employees ...... 57 Signs and Symptoms of Fatigue...... 58 Mitigation of Fatigue ...... 58 4.5 ERGONOMICS AND WORKPLACE ENVIRONMENT STANDARDS ...... 59 Work Station Ergonomics ...... 59 Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ...... 60 Allergen Exposure ...... 60 Manual Lifting ...... 61 Work Environment Standards ...... 61

Temperature...... 61 Lighting ...... 61 Noise ...... 62 Scents ...... 62 4.6 WORKING ALONE/ REMOTE POLICY ...... 63 Office Procedure – Working Alone...... 63 Field Procedures – Working Alone/Remote ...... 63 Employee Monitoring Procedures ...... 64 Monitor Response Procedures ...... 64 4.7 H2S (Hydrogen Sulfide) AWARENESS ...... 66 Identification of H2S Areas ...... 66 Gas Testing ...... 66 Emergency Evacuation ...... 66 Exposure ...... 66 Occupational Exposure Limits ...... 67 5. SAFE WORK PRACTICES ...... 69 5.1 SAFE WORK PRACTICE POLICY ...... 69 5.2 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – BLOW TORCH USE ...... 70 5.3 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – CHAINSAW SAFETY ...... 71 5.4 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – COMPRESSED GAS CYLINDERS ...... 72 5.5 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – DEFECTIVE TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT ...... 73 5.6 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – DRIVING, WINTER DRIVING, ICE ROAD DRIVING ...... 74 Driving ...... 74 Winter Driving ...... 74 Ice Road Driving...... 75 5.7 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – ELECTRICAL SAFETY ...... 78 5.8 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – HELICOPTER SAFETY ...... 79 5.9 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – LADDERS - FIXED, PORTABLE AND STEP ...... 81 5.10 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – MOTOR VEHICLE OPERATION ...... 82 5.11 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – OFFICE AND BUILDING SAFETY ...... 83 FOC Alarm Instructions ...... 83 Administration Office Alarm Instructions ...... 84 5.12 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – OPERATION OF POWER TOOLS ...... 85 5.13 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – OPERATION OF WEED TRIMMERS (STIHL FSA 85 & 90) ...... 86 5.14 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – PIERCE POINTS IN WALLS ...... 87 5.15 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – POLE PRUNER USE ...... 88 5.16 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – REFUELING EQUIPMENT ...... 89

5.17 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – STORAGE ...... 90 5.18 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – UTILITY KNIFE USE ...... 91 5.19 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – VEHICLE RECOVERY ...... 92 5.20 SAFE WORK PRACTICE - WEATHER ...... 94 Cold Weather Safety ...... 94 Wind Chill Factor ...... 95 Signs/Symptoms of Cold Exposure and First Aid ...... 96 Icy Conditions ...... 97 Blizzard/Strong Winds ...... 97 Hot Weather Safety ...... 97 Types of Heat Illness ...... 99 Thunder and Lightning Storms ...... 100 TEEM Temperature Thresholds ...... 100 Cold Weather Work in Remote Areas (TEEM) ...... 100 Passive Sample Collection in Extreme Cold Temperature ...... 101 5.21 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – WHMIS REQUIREMENTS ...... 102 5.22 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – WORKING IN AREAS WITH HIGH NOISE LEVELS ...... 103 6.SAFE JOB PROCEDURE POLICY ...... 105 6.1 SAFE JOB PROCEDURE – CLEANING SHOP SINK TRAP ...... 106 6.2 SAFE JOB PROCEDURE – CLEANING UP AFTER RODENTS ...... 107 Removing Gloves Safely ...... 107 Hand Washing 101 ...... 108 6.3 SAFE JOB PROCEDURE – FIRE EXTINGUISHER USE ...... 109 6.4 SAFE JOB PROCEDURE – MANUAL LIFTING ...... 110 6.5 SAFE JOB PROCEDURE – TAG OUT DEFECTIVE TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT ...... 111 6.6 SAFE JOB PROCEDURE – USING A HAND TRUCK (DOLLY) ...... 112 7. HEALTH, SAFETY, AND ENVIRONMENT ADMINISTRATION...... 113 7.1 INCIDENT INVESTIGATION POLICY ...... 113 7.2 INCIDENT REPORTING & INVESTIGATION PROCEDURES ...... 114 Table 1. WBEA Incident Reporting Timeline ...... 114 Near Miss explanation ...... 114 Reporting ...... 115 Investigations ...... 115 7.3 MODIFIED WORK PROGRAM POLICY ...... 117 7.4 MODIFIED WORK PROGRAM ...... 118 Management/Lead Responsibilities ...... 118 Injured Employee Responsibilities ...... 118

7.5 PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE GUIDELINES ...... 119 Lead Responsibility ...... 119 Employee Responsibility ...... 119 7.6 RECORDS & STATISTICS...... 120 Retention of Records ...... 120 Statistics ...... 120 7.7 VEHICLE USE GUIDELINES ...... 121 Insurance and Licensing ...... 121 Vehicle Maintenance ...... 121 Lawful Requirements ...... 121 Driving Impairment ...... 122 Parking ...... 122 Securing Loads ...... 122 Flat Tire ...... 122 Recovery of Stuck Vehicles ...... 122 7.8 WASTE MANAGEMENT & ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION POLICY ...... 123 7.9 WASTE MANAGEMENT & ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ...... 124 8. EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PROCEDURES ...... 125 8.1 TRAINING ...... 125 8.2 RESPONSIBILITIES ...... 125 8.3 MUSTER POINTS/EMERGENCY MARSHALLS ...... 126 Emergency Marshall Role ...... 126 8.4 LOCATION OF EMERGENCY RESOURCES ...... 126 8.5 EMERGENCY RESPONSE PROCEDURES ...... 127 General Emergencies ...... 127 General Emergency Evacuation Procedures...... 127 Medical Emergencies ...... 128 Fire Emergencies ...... 128 Compressed Gas Cylinder Emergencies ...... 129 Vehicle Related Emergencies ...... 129 Weather Related Emergencies ...... 130 9. CONTRACTOR SAFETY COMPLIANCE AGREEMENT ...... 131 WBEA Contractor Health & Safety Questionnaire ...... 134 10. WBEA FIELD GUIDES ...... 137 SAFETYLINE USERS GUIDE...... 139 WILDLIFE AND BEAR AWARENESS - FIELD GUIDE ...... 145 Bear Awareness ...... 146

Wolf Awareness ...... 150 Cougar Awareness...... 151 Elk Awareness ...... 151 Using Bear Spray ...... 152 Bear Confrontation Table ...... 153 Bear Signs – Field Guide ...... 154 WORKING SAFELY WITH COMPRESSED GAS – FIELD GUIDE...... 157 Precautions and Warnings for WBEA Commonly Used Gases ...... 163 11. HS&E FORMS ...... 165 INCIDENT/NEAR MISS FORM ...... 167 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION FORM ...... 169 MONTHLY INSPECTION FORM ...... 171 AMS BI-ANNUAL INSPECTION FORM ...... 173 HEALTH, SAFETY, AND ENVIRONMENT AGREEMENT FORM - Employee ...... 175 WBEA HEALTH, SAFETY, AND ENVIRONMENT AGREEMENT FORM (Non-employee)...... 177 JOB HAZARD ASSESSMENT (JHA) TEMPLATE ...... 179 JHA – AAM - Check equipment and sample collection ...... 180 JHA – AAM - Driving Ice Road ...... 187 JHA – AAM - Long Distance Driving ...... 193 JHA – AAM - Loading and Unloading Cylinders ...... 196 JHA – AAM - AMS 19 – Check Equipment and Sample Collection ...... 200 JHA - TEEM – Chainsaw use/ Falling trees ...... 205 JHA – TEEM - Ecological Data and Sample Collection ...... 211 JHA – TEEM - Monthly Passive Monitoring Program ...... 215 JHA – TEEM - Seasonal Monitoring Programs ...... 219 JHA – TEEM – Field Operations ...... 223 WBEA Critical Task List ...... 227 Modified Work Program: LETTER TO THE PHYSICIAN ...... 229 Modified Work Program: MEDICAL INFORMATION RELEASE FORM ...... 231 Modified Work Program: MODIFIED WORK ASSESSMENT FORM ...... 233 Physician’s Modified Work Recommendations: ...... 233 Modified Work Program: MODIFIED WORK OFFER ACCEPTANCE FORM ...... 235 Modified Work Program: MODIFIED WORK OFFER DECLINATION FORM ...... 236 Safety Orientation for Visitors – Admin Office ...... 237 Safety Orientation for Visitors – Air Monitoring Stations ...... 238 Safety Orientation for Visitors - FOC ...... 239 Safety Orientation for Visitors – JP104 TEEM Site ...... 240

WCB FORMS AND INSTRUCTION ...... 241 SafetyLine Procedures for Users ...... 247 SPOT Device Procedures for Users ...... 248 Worksite Observation Template ...... 249

1. HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT POLICY, ROLES, AND RESPONSIBILITIES

1.1 PURPOSE The Wood Buffalo Environment Association (WBEA) Health, Safety, and Environment (HS&E) manual has been developed to ensure employees are provided with a safe and healthy working environment. The main objective of the HS&E manual is to maintain an injury free workplace for all WBEA employees, members, contractors, and visitors. The WBEA Health, Safety and Environment manual does not replace or supersede the Alberta Occupational Health and Safety Act, Regulation, and Code.

All WBEA employees are required to take safety seriously and are expected to assist WBEA in continually improving the health and safety program by being actively engaged in the safety process.

1.2 SCOPE The WBEA Health, Safety and Environment manual covers all WBEA employees, members, contractors, and visitors working on, or visiting, WBEA work sites. WBEA work sites include the administration office, field operations centre, and all WBEA field locations.

When WBEA employees are working on another industry’s tenure or lease, WBEA employees will respect and follow the highest safety standard whether WBEA`s policies and procedures or the safety requirements for that site.

1.3 HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT POLICY

The Wood Buffalo Environment Association (WBEA) is committed to and responsible for the health and safety of its employees, contractors, and the work place. To prevent work place induced injuries, illness, property damage or the loss of physical assets WBEA has developed a safety atmosphere of mutual respect and cooperation within the organization and fosters a feeling of partnership with all employees. At WBEA safety is the responsibility of all staff. The personal wellbeing of each employee is of primary importance to WBEA. We consider health, safety, and the environment to be priorities in all areas of operation and are committed to preventing the loss of any resource.

In fulfilling the commitment to protect both people and property WBEA management provides and maintains a safe and healthy work environment in accordance with industry standards and in compliance with legislative requirements. WBEA strives to eliminate any foreseeable hazards which could result in personal injury/illness, property damage or environment harm. WBEA health and safety policies and procedures do not supersede the Alberta Occupational Health and Safety Act, Regulation, and Code.

WBEA recognizes the right of workers to work in a safe and healthy work environment and works in consultation and cooperation with its employees to establish an ongoing process that continually improves the health and safety program.

An incident-free workplace is WBEA’s goal and WBEA strives to accomplish this by working together to continually reassess hazards, controls, and the overall effectiveness of its safety program.

(signed copy of file with WBEA Safety Coordinator)

Sanjay Prasad, Executive Director Date

1.4 ASSIGNMENT OF RESPONSIBILITIES

In this manual, Managers and Supervisors are representatives of the employer (WBEA).

Manager Responsibilities - To provide instruction, information, and assistance to supervisory staff to protect the health and safety of all employees and prevent damage to the environment and WBEA property. - To understand and enforce the HS&E program as well as relevant Occupational Health and Safety legislation. - To ensure supervisory staff understand and enforce the HS&E program as well as relevant Occupational Health and Safety legislation. - To provide staff with the proper tools, equipment and PPE which may be required to perform the necessary work tasks. - To provide ongoing safety education training for all employees, as required. - To monitor all programs and projects and hold them accountable for their individual safety performances. - To set a good example.

Lead/Coordinator Responsibilities - To know and implement the HS&E program and relevant Occupational Health and Safety legislation. - To train, direct and monitor all employees to work in a safe manner, to use all required PPE and to follow all Safe Work Practises and Safe Job Procedures required by WBEA and legislation. - To assess all work sites and tasks for foreseeable hazards and work with the Safety Coordinator to ensure controls are implemented to mitigate the hazards. - To warn employees of any foreseeable potential or actual hazards and advise how to control them. - To arrange for medical treatment in the case of an employee’s work place injury or major illness, including transportation to a doctor or hospital when necessary. - To investigate incidents fully, in conjunction with the Safety Coordinator, and to advise management on how to prevent similar incidents in the future. - To carry out regular formal and informal inspections of the work place to ensure a safe and healthy work environment. - To set a good example.

Safety Coordinator Responsibilities - To ensure safety policies and procedures are developed, implemented, and adhered to by WBEA employees as per federal and provincial OH&S legislation and COR regulations. - To administer the HS&E program daily, maintaining all safety records and statistics. - To assist in accident investigations, analysis and preparation of incident reports and summaries. - To ensure that pertinent safety reports are submitted as required. - To ensure that corrective action has taken place when substandard conditions are identified. - To promote safety awareness. - To conduct regular safety meetings and arrange for the recording of the minutes. - To ensure information on relevant OH&S legislation is up to date. - To make regular visits to all locations and sites to assist in any matters related to safety. - To ensure regular formal and informal safety inspections are done as per the HS&E manual. - To research and recommend various ongoing and specific training programs for field and administrative staff.

- To provide safety orientation for new staff. - To act as a safety resource for staff. - To act as a safety resource for the Executive Director and Operations Team. - To set a good example.

Employee Responsibilities - To read, understand and comply with all WBEA’s Health, Safety and Environment policies, safe work practices, safe job procedures and rules. - To take reasonable care to protect their own health and safety as well as the health and safety of their co- workers. - To wear the safety equipment, PPE and clothing required by WBEA and regulations. - To know and follow the site safety requirements when on member sites. - To notify lead and/or coordinator(s) of any unsafe acts or conditions that may be a hazard to other employees or themselves. - To intervene when witnessing unsafe acts or conditions. - To immediately report all incidents and near misses to lead and/or coordinator(s). - To take every reasonable precaution to protect the safety of others and themselves in the performance of duties. - To set a good example.

1.5 LEGISLATION, REGULATIONS, AND STANDARDS

Legislative Compliance Safety legislation is designed to protect workers, the public and the environment. Compliance with legislation helps prevent injuries to workers as well as fines and legal action for employers. WBEA is committed to following all relevant Federal and Provincial legislation in addition to Alberta’s Occupational Health & Safety Act, Regulation, and Code.

Management is responsible for keeping copies of the Alberta Occupational Health & Safety Act, Regulation and Code, and any regulatory orders available and accessible to all employees.

Obligations of Employers and Workers The obligations of both employers and workers are stated in sections 2(1) and 2(2) of the Alberta Occupational Health and Safety Act, see below.

2(1) Every employer shall ensure, as far as is reasonably practicable for the employer to do so,

(a) the health and safety of

I. workers engaged in the work of that employer, and

II. those workers not engaged in the work of that employer but present at the work site at which that work is being carried out, and

(b) that the workers engaged in the work of that employer are aware of their responsibilities and duties under this Act, the regulations, and the adopted code.

(2) Every worker shall, while engaged in an occupation,

(a) take reasonable care to protect the health and safety of the worker and of other workers present while the worker is working, and

(b) co-operate with the worker’s employer for the purposes of protecting the health and safety of

I. the worker,

II. other workers engaged in the work of the employer, and

III. other workers not engaged in the work of that employer but present at the work site at which that work is being carried out.

Existence of Imminent Danger (Right to Refuse)

In accordance with Sections 35(1), (2) and (3) workers have the right to refuse work if they reasonably feel there is a danger to themselves or others, see below.

35(1) No worker shall

(a) carry out any work, if, on reasonable and probable grounds, the worker believes that there exists an imminent danger to the health or safety of that worker,

(b) carry out any work if, on reasonable and probable grounds, the worker believes that it will cause to exist and imminent danger to the health or safety of that worker or another worker present at the work site, or

(c) operate any tool, appliance, or equipment if, on reasonable and probably grounds, the worker believes that it will cause to exist an imminent danger to the health or safety of that worker or another worker present at the work site.

(2) In this section, “imminent danger” means in relation to any occupation

(a) a danger that is not normal for that occupation, or

(b) a danger under which a person engaged in that occupation would not normally carry out the person’s work.

(3) A worker who

(a) refuses to carry out work, or

(b) refused to operate a tool, appliance, or equipment

pursuant to subsection (1) shall, as soon as practicable, notify the worker’s employer at the work site of the worker’s refusal and the reason for the worker’s refusal.

Access to Information WBEA employees can access all legislation, regulations, and standards either online through the websites following or through hard copies of Alberta’s OH&S Act, Regulation and Code which are located in the Thickwood Boardroom, in front of the Safety Coordinator’s office at the FOC and in the manual file room on the mezzanine level of the FOC.

Table 1. Legislation, Regulations and Standards Links Alberta Occupational Health and Safety http://www.employment.alberta.ca/SFW/295.html Regulations

Workplace Hazardous Materials Information http://employment.alberta.ca/SFW/3666.html Systems

Federal TDG Act and Regulations http://www.tc.gc.ca/eng/tdg/menu.htm

Alberta Health Services http://www.albertahealthservices.ca/

Alberta Forest Fire Reporting http://www.srd.alberta.ca/UpdatesFireAlerts/WildfireStatus/Defa ult.aspx

Alberta Spill Reporting http://environment.gov.ab.ca/info/library/6334.pdf

Alberta Employment Standards http://www.employment.alberta.ca/SFW/1224.html

WCB Alberta http://www.wcb.ab.ca/workers/

1.6 EMPLOYEE HEALTH, SAFETY, AND ENVIRONMENT AGREEMENT FORM

It is the belief of Wood Buffalo Environment Association (WBEA) that all employees are entitled to work in a safe and healthy work environment. It is the duty of every WBEA employee in the performance of their duties to follow and comply fully with the policies, rules, procedures, and practices in the WBEA Health, Safety, and Environment manual.

I acknowledge that I have read and understood the WBEA Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) manual, particularly the Company Rules, Drug and Alcohol policy, Electronic Device Use policy, Working Alone/Remotely policy and Workplace Harassment and Violence policy. I understand compliance with all the standards in the Health, Safety and Environment manual are conditions of employment and I agree to abide by them in the performance of my duties.

I understand it takes cooperation from all employees to make a work environment safe and I will actively participate in hazard assessment both for myself and my co-workers and will intervene when necessary. I will report Fit for Duty to all shifts so I am able to perform my duties in peak condition.

I understand my rights as an employee and will ask questions of my lead or designate if I am unsure of any policy, rule, procedure, or practice.

I understand that non-compliance with these policies, rules, procedures, and practices may result in disciplinary action up to and including termination of employment.

Employee Name (please print) Employee Signature

Date

Witness Name (please print) Witness Signature

Revised January 2015

2. COMPANY RULES AND STANDARDS

Company rules will be communicated to new hires through the orientation process and be posted on safety bulletin boards so to be accessible to all employees.

2.1 WBEA SAFETY RULES WBEA Safety Rules were established to prevent serious injuries and fatalities. WBEA Safety Rules are non-negotiable and must be adhered to by all employees, contractors and visitors while conducting WBEA business. Failure to follow WBEA Safety Rules could lead to disciplinary action up to and including termination of employment.

1) I will only undertake work for which I am trained and competent, I will ask if I am unsure. 2) I will immediately act to control any condition or practice I think may cause injury or damage. 3) I will ensure that I am Fit for Duty both mentally and physically every day. 4) I will not work while under the influence of drugs or alcohol. 5) I will not use electronic devices while operating company vehicles or while driving on company business. 6) I will wear PPE as required. 7) I will use the correct tool for the task and use it correctly. 8) I will follow industry members’ rules when on their site. 9) I will not fight, horseplay or misuse company property. 10) I will not smoke in WBEA buildings or vehicles.

LOOK AFTER EACH OTHER, HEALTH AND SAFETY IS A TEAM RESPONSIBILITY.

2.2 GROUNDS FOR IMMEDIATE DISMISSAL

The following are prohibited at all times on WBEA work sites, or while an employee is engaged in WBEA business, and are grounds for immediate dismissal.

• Possession, consumption or trafficking of alcohol and/or illegal drugs

• Possession of weapons, including firearms, knives, etc.

• Fighting

• Theft and/or vandalism

2.3 ENFORCEMENT AND DISCIPLINE Whenever there is an intention to work unsafely or a recurrence of safety violations WBEA will enact disciplinary measures. Violations will be reviewed and assessed by the lead and/or by senior management when required. Corrective action will result in one of the following:

Verbal Reprimand – This reprimand will explain the violation and explain that a more severe warning in writing will follow if the violation(s) continue. The verbal reprimand will be documented and filed in the employee’s HR file.

Written Reprimand – Management will decide if a violation warrants a written reprimand. If so, a written reprimand, and subsequent reprimands, will be written and explained to the employee. All parties involved will sign, or have the option to sign the document which will then be filed in the employee’s HR file. A suspension without pay may be implemented if management considers the violation warrants it.

Termination - Termination of employment will occur if management feels it is justified. Instances for termination can include violation of WBEA Safety Rules, Grounds for Immediate Dismissal, or reprimands and/or suspensions with a continuation of violating company policies or standards.

2.4 FIT FOR DUTY WBEA employees are required to report for work mentally, physically, and emotionally prepared to safely perform the essential functions of their job.

Employees must report to their lead any factor which may impede the performance of their work tasks. This will include:

- Use of prescription drugs. - Health concerns, both physical and emotional. - Assignment of a task to which the employee is untrained or not fully competent.

2.5 DRUG AND ALCOHOL USE POLICY

The connection between substance use and the safety, morale and job performance of employees and their co- workers is well documented; abuse of drugs and alcohol is a problem that has a direct and negative impact on the work place. As a responsible employer and an association dedicated to the pursuit of excellence Wood Buffalo Environment Association (WBEA) is committed to eliminating the effects and dangers of drug and alcohol use from the work place.

The purpose of this policy is to communicate to WBEA employees and contractors WBEA’s position on substance use, to provide education and awareness on substance abuse and available treatment resources, and to ensure substance use issues are addressed. The Drug and Alcohol Use Policy respects the dignity and privacy of individuals and it places a priority on treatment, successful recovery, and re-entry into the workplace of employees who have a dependency problem.

This Drug and Alcohol Use Policy is incorporated into the terms and conditions of employment with WBEA. The policy applies to all WBEA employees and contractors on an equal and consistent basis while they are engaged in WBEA business; whether working on or off WBEA premises, driving WBEA vehicles, or driving personal vehicles on company business. In addition to the obligations set out in this Policy all employees must comply with any additional Site- Specific Standards or Policies while on WBEA Member sites.

As part of WBEA`s commitment to this policy and to WBEA Members’ site access requirements, employment with WBEA will be contingent on testing negative on pre-employment drug and alcohol screening.

WBEA contractors and their employees are required to develop and enforce drug and alcohol policies and practices that meet or exceed this policy and its related practices or to have read, understood and be fully compliant with this policy before undertaking any work on behalf of WBEA.

Drug and Alcohol Use Policy Definitions In this Policy:

Alcohol means any substance that may be consumed and that has an alcoholic content in excess of 0.5 per cent by volume.

Company means Wood Buffalo Environment Association unless otherwise stated.

Contractor means any individual or business entity not a WBEA Employee and engaged by WBEA to perform services at any company worksite or on behalf of the company.

Drug means any drug, chemical, substance or agent, legal or illegal, that may be used to alter the way the body or mind functions; any substance that requires a personal prescription from a licensed physician; or any non- prescription medication lawfully sold in Canada; or any product that may be used to attempt to mask, tamper with or adulterate a drug and alcohol testing sample.

Drug Paraphernalia means any equipment, product or material intended or designed for use in manufacturing, compounding, converting, concealing, processing, preparing or introducing an illicit drug or alcohol into the human body; or any product or device that may be used to attempt to mask, tamper with or adulterate a drug and/or alcohol testing sample.

Employee means all regular full time, part time, temporary, contracted, casual and seasonal employees on the Company payroll.

Employer means a person who controls and directs the activities of an Employee under an express or implied contract of employment.

Failure to Test includes the failure to report directly for a test, refusal to submit to a test, attempt to mask, tamper with, or adulterate an alcohol or drug testing sample, or refusal to agree to disclosure of a test result to the WBEA Executive Director or designate. A Failure to Test will also include inability to provide sufficient quantities of breath or urine fluid to be tested without a valid medical explanation acceptable to WBEA.

Fit for Duty in the context of this Policy means being able to perform assigned duties safely and acceptably without any limitations due to the use of or after-effects of drugs and/or alcohol.

Incident means an occurrence, circumstance or condition that caused or had the potential to cause damage to a person, property, reputation, security, or the environment.

Manager includes Leads, Coordinators, Directors and their designate(s).

Medication means a drug obtained over-the-counter, or by the Employee through a physician’s prescription, or through a Health Canada authorization.

Negative Test Result means a report from a certified lab showing that an individual who provided a specimen for drug and alcohol testing did not have a drug or alcohol concentration equal to or in excess of the limits set out in this Policy, see Table 2. Drug and Alcohol Concentration Testing Limits.

Positive Test Result means a report from a certified lab showing that an individual who provided a specimen for drug or alcohol testing had a drug or alcohol concentration equal to or in excess of the limits set out in this Policy, see Table 2. Drug and Alcohol Concentration Testing Limits.

Reasonable Cause means that testing will take place whenever a WBEA Manager has Reasonable Cause to believe that the actions, appearance or conduct of an Employee while on duty are indicative of the use of drugs or alcohol. The decision to test shall be made by a Manager with the agreement of a second person in authority, whenever possible. The basis for the decision will be documented as soon as possible after action has taken place. The referral for testing will be based on circumstances surrounding an incident or specific personal observation resulting from, but not limited to such indicators as:

• observed use or evidence of use of a substance (example, smell of alcohol); • observed signs of drug or alcohol impairment; • erratic, disruptive or atypical behaviour or changes in behaviour of the Employee; • illogical responses to questions or instructions; • changes in the physical appearance or speech patterns of the Employee; • the presence of alcohol, drugs, or drug paraphernalia in the vicinity of the Employee or the Company Worksite where the Employee was present; or • any other observations that suggest drug or alcohol use may be a factor (example, sleeping on the job).

Substance Abuse Professional (SAP) means a licensed physician; a licensed or certified social worker; a licensed or certified psychologist; a licensed or certified employee assistance expert; or a drug and alcohol abuse counselor. He/she has received training specific to the SAP roles and responsibilities, has knowledge of and clinical experience in the diagnosis and treatment of substance abuse related disorders, and understands the safety implications of substance use and abuse.

Tamper means to alter, meddle, interfere or change.

Work also includes training, attending meetings or conferences or any other breaks from work on behalf of WBEA business.

Work Site/ Workplace means any place where WBEA Employees and/or Contractors conduct WBEA business including but not limited to, all facilities, land, buildings, equipment, vehicles, stations, road systems, aircraft and boats whether owned, leased or rented by WBEA, stakeholders or other parties.

Drug and Alcohol Work Rule The following are strictly prohibited while an employee is at a WBEA work site and/or on duty: (Refer to the AAM On-Call SOP for expectations while on call.)

• the possession, consumption or use of alcohol, drugs, or drug paraphernalia, unless otherwise permitted in accordance with this Policy below;

• the possession, consumption or use of any product or device that could tamper with any sample for an alcohol or drug test;

• the possession, consumption or use of prescription medications prescribed for another individual;

• reporting to work or being at work while not Fit for Duty or while the employee’s ability to safely perform his/her duties is adversely affected due to the use of a prescription or non-prescription drug or due to the effects of prior alcohol or drug use;

• operating or driving a WBEA or personal vehicle while under the influence of alcohol, drugs or any controlled substance that would impair driving ability;

• refusal to comply with a request from the Company to report for and participate in drug and alcohol testing in accordance with this Policy under subsection ‘Testing’.

This Work Rule permits the possession or use of prescription and non-prescription drugs under the following conditions:

• any prescription drug used by the employee is prescribed to the employee; and

• the employee is using the prescription or non-prescription drug for its intended purpose and in the manner directed by the prescribing physician or pharmacist or the manufacturer of the drug; and

• the use of the prescription or non-prescription drug that does not affect the employee’s ability to safely perform his or her duties; and

• the employee has notified his or her lead/coordinator before starting work of the use of the prescription or non-prescription drug and any potential side effects associated with the drug.

If an employee is contacted by WBEA to perform unscheduled services and is under the influence of alcohol or drugs, the employee must decline the work request. There will be no consequences to the employee in this case.

Responsibilities

Employee Responsibilities Employees will perform all aspects of their job safely and responsibly and will:

1) report for work Fit for Duty for all scheduled or unscheduled duty and remain Fit for Duty while on WBEA business and company work sites;

2) read, understand, and abide by this Policy, as well as their responsibilities under it;

3) seek advice and follow appropriate treatment if they have a current or emerging problem with alcohol and/or drugs, and follow recommended and/or required monitoring programs after attending treatment;

4) cooperate with any return to work requirements;

5) notify their lead/coordinator if they believe an employee, contractor or visitor is not Fit for Duty;

6) co-operate as required with any investigation into this Policy;

7) report for and participate in testing as required under this Policy, and maintain the integrity of the testing without tampering, adulterating or interfering with the testing process; and

8) authorize the testing facility to confidentially release any test results to WBEA’s Executive Director or designate(s).

WBEA Responsibilities WBEA Directors/Leads/Coordinators are responsible for:

1) ongoing leadership and supervision to ensure safe operations and effectiveness of the safety program;

2) guiding employees who voluntarily seek assistance for a personal problem to appropriate resources, with the assistance of human resources;

3) arranging an assessment through human resources if, in the course of any discussion, an employee states that they have a problem with alcohol or drugs;

4) taking appropriate steps to investigate any possible violation of the requirements set out in this Policy; and

5) monitoring employee performance, documenting any performance issues, recognizing signs of alcohol and/or drug use, and implementing the requirements of this Policy.

Site Specific Policies This Policy sets out requirements which may be enhanced or modified by any facility, site, work camp or business unit where justified. Any enhancement or modification must be in the form of a site-specific work rule that is supported by justification.

Company Hosted Social Events Occasionally WBEA will sponsor social events at which alcohol beverages are made available. The Company expects any alcohol consumption to be done responsibly and in moderation. To this end the Company will:

• discourage over-consumption (e.g. serve food, not offer unlimited non-alcoholic beverages); and • recommend alternative transportation to guests as they leave the event, if required.

Guests to any of these events are expected to:

• limit their personal consumption to reasonable amounts so that alcohol does not impair their ability to behave in a responsible manner; and • continue to meet the requirements of the Work Rule established in this Policy if they must return to work following the event, are on scheduled call or are otherwise considered to be at work.

Education WBEA is committed to informing employees of the risks associated with substance use while working, as well as potential treatment resources. Drug and alcohol use awareness will be provided to all WBEA employees and contractors through the WBEA Health, Safety, and Environment Manual.

Testing and Investigations

Testing WBEA may require drug and alcohol testing be conducted in the following circumstances:

Pre-Employment Testing – Any offer of employment with WBEA is conditional upon a Negative Test Result.

Site Access Requirement – Employees will be required to have a current D&A test to access specific industrial sites.

Post-Incident and Near Miss Testing – A Manager may request that an employee submit to drug and/or alcohol testing if the Manager, with the agreement of a second person in authority where possible, have reasonable grounds to believe that impairment contributed to the cause of an incident or near miss; or where an incident or near miss has occurred on a Member’s site and the Member’s Drug and Alcohol Policy require testing.

Reasonable Cause Testing – A Manager must request that an employee submit to alcohol and/or drug testing if the Manager and another person in authority, where possible, have Reasonable Cause to believe that the employee is or may be unable to work in a safe manner due to impairment.

Return to Work Testing (Post Violation) – Alcohol and/or drug testing shall be conducted before an Employee who has been absent following a Positive Test Result may return to work.

Return to Work Testing (Post Treatment) – Any employee may be required to submit to random alcohol and/or drug testing as part of an accommodation for a substance abuse-related disability and return to work plan, as determined in the substance abuse assessment for that employee.

Investigations WBEA will investigate any violations or suspected violations of this Policy including, but not limited to, the following situations:

1) Unfit for Duty – In all situations where an employee may be unfit to be at a Company work site or to perform their duties, the employee will be escorted to a private place by a Manager, interviewed and given an opportunity to explain why they do not appear Fit for Duty. The employee will be given an opportunity to provide a reasonable explanation for their behaviour or condition and the Manager will act appropriate to the situation.

If the explanation is not reasonable, and/or the Manager conducting the interview still believes the employee is not Fit for Duty, the Manager will confer with another Manager or person of authority if possible, and may take any of the following actions: a) refer the employee for medical attention, if there are immediate medical concerns; and/or b) refer the employee for an alcohol and/or drug test if there is Reasonable Cause. The employee will be escorted to the hospital/clinic or certified collection site, depending on the circumstances, and then be transported to their local place of residence or to the care of another adult person. At no time is the employee to operate equipment or a vehicle until the matter has been resolved.

The employee may be temporarily removed from their duties or reassigned pending completion of any investigation.

2) Suspected Presence of Alcohol, Drugs, or Drug Paraphernalia – WBEA reserves the right to investigate any situation when there is Reasonable Cause to believe that alcohol, drugs, or drug Paraphernalia are present on any company work site in violation of this Policy. Where there are reasonable and probable grounds that an employee has contravened this policy, the employee’s person, personal property and effects, company desk or locker may be searched. Any alcohol or illegal drugs found may be seized during such search.

Compliance Refusal to Test Refusal to be tested or refusal to comply with any aspect of this Policy will be considered noncompliance. WBEA will discipline any employee who fails to comply with this policy. Discipline may include a variety of measures, up to and including termination for cause.

Positive Test Results A conditional offer of employment made to an applicant who receives a Positive Test Result, see Table 2. Drug and Alcohol Concentration Testing Limits, will be immediately revoked. The applicant is welcome to apply for future opportunities and will again be asked to complete a Pre-Employment Drug and Alcohol Test.

An Employee who receives a Positive Test Result, see Table 2. Drug and Alcohol Concentration Testing Limits, will be immediately suspended from work pending further investigation. Discipline may include a variety of measures, up to and including termination for cause.

Assistance and Accommodation WBEA encourages employees who believe they may require help for a current or emerging substance dependency problem to confidentially contact their Manager, the HR Administrator, or the Sun Life Employee Assistance Program at # 1-855-544-7722.

Other counselling and assessment agencies are: Alcoholics Anonymous #780-743-0099 (24 hrs, leave a message if no answer) Narcotics Anonymous #780-714-5911 AADAC #780-743-7187 Canadian Mental Health #780-743-1053

An employee requesting help with a drug or alcohol dependency will not be disciplined unless the employee:

• has been requested to submit to a drug and/or alcohol test due to Reasonable Cause; • has been involved in an incident; or • has been found to be in possession of alcohol and/or drugs.

WBEA will not implement support programs after any of the above indicated events.

WBEA will make all reasonable efforts to accommodate any employee with a dependence or substance abuse addiction as determined by a Substance Abuse Professional (SAP), to the point of undue hardship. Each instance will be reviewed on a case by case basis.

An employee who receives assistance for alcohol or drug use must comply with the terms and conditions of any program established to help the employee as a condition of continued employment with WBEA. A verified Positive Test Result or failure to participate in a rehabilitation or treatment program will be just cause for termination.

Confidentiality All WBEA employees and/or contractors are under a legal and professional duty to respect the confidentiality of any confidential information disclosed to them whether personal or corporate. It is essential that employees not disclose or discuss confidential information with anyone who is not directly involved in the event and not employed by WBEA, either during the term of their employment or after termination. Failure to comply with any of these privacy provisions may result in disciplinary action, which may include termination.

Table 2: Drug and alcohol Concentration Testing Limits

Urine drug concentration limits: Screening concentration equal Confirmation concentration equal Drugs or classes of drugs to or in excess of ng/ml to or in excess of ng/ml Marijuana metabolites 50 15 Cocaine metabolites 150 100 Opiates 2000 • Codeine 2000 • Morphine 2000 6-Acetylmorphine 10 10 Phencyclidine 25 25 Amphetamines/Methamphetamines 500 • Amphetamine 250 • Methamphetamines 250 MDMA 500 • MDMA 250 • MDA 250 • MDEA 250

Oral fluid drug concentration limits: Screening concentration equal Confirmation concentration equal Drugs or classes of drugs to or in excess of ng/ml to or in excess of ng/ml Marijuana metabolites (THC) 4 2 Cocaine metabolites 20 • Cocaine or Benzoylecgonine 8 Opiates 40 • Codeine 40 • Morphine 40 6-Acetylmorphine 4 4 Phencyclidine 10 10 Amphetamines/Methamphetamines 50 • Amphetamine 50 • Methamphetamines 50 MDMA 50 • MDMA 50 • MDA 50 • MDEA 50

2.6 ELECTRONIC DEVICE USE POLICY

Cell phone use is a distraction and potential hazard in the workplace. For reasons of safety and productivity WBEA has developed this Electronic Device Use policy to define WBEA regulations regarding cell phone and electronic device use during working hours.

The devices covered by this Policy include cell phones, Blackberries, mobile phones, Smart phones, text pagers, two- way radios, GPS devices, SPOT devices, laptops, and other wireless devices whether WBEA supplied or personally owned (collectively referred to as Electronic Devices).

This policy applies to all WBEA employees and contractors while they are engaged in WBEA business, working on or off WBEA premises and while driving WBEA vehicles or personal vehicles on company business. In addition to the obligations set out in this Policy all employees must comply with any additional site-specific standards or policies while on WBEA member sites.

Violations of any aspects of this policy may result in disciplinary action, up to and including termination of employment.

Personal Cell Phones The use of personal Electronic Devices during work hours is discouraged and should be limited.

Company Supplied Cell Phones WBEA issues business cell phones and/or laptop computers to managerial staff, technicians and other personnel in roles requiring the devices to fulfill their duties within WBEA. A WBEA supplied Electronic Device is intended for business use only. Employees are expected to refrain from using Company Electronic Devices for engaging in prolonged personal conversations, surfing the internet for personal purposes, or playing games online.

Employees should also recognize that all content (i.e. text messages, email, pictures) on WBEA supplied Electronic Devices is the property of WBEA and the Company has the right to examine the content of their Electronic Devices at any time. All communications using WBEA supplied Electronic Devices - verbal, written or other – must meet professional standards of conduct. Cell phone numbers are the property of WBEA not the employee.

Employees need to be aware of their surroundings when having confidential conversations on their Electronic Device, particularly conversations that could be misconstrued by the public.

WBEA Electronic Devices may not be used to defame, harass, intimidate, ridicule or threaten any other person. Employees are prohibited from using their Electronic Devices in any illegal, illicit, or offensive manner.

Employees are expected to protect WBEA equipment from loss, damage, or theft. Upon resignation, termination of employment, or at any time upon request, the employee will be asked to produce the equipment for return or inspection. Employees unable to present the equipment within a reasonable time may bear the cost of a replacement which may be deducted from the employee’s pay cheque.

Driving and Cell Phones WBEA believes that Electronic Devices are distracting not only because they require attention to operate but also because the conversation itself engages the employee’s mind on something other than the task at hand, operating a vehicle. In keeping with this belief WBEA prohibits holding, viewing or the manipulation of Electronic Devices while operating Company vehicles or any other vehicle (personal, rented, leased, or borrowed) while on work-related

business whether the communication is personal or business-related. This prohibition includes receiving or placing calls, text messaging, surfing the internet, receiving, or responding to emails, or checking for phone messages whether on a hand-held or hands-free device. Employees should employ the voice mail feature on their Electronic Device while driving and return calls upon reaching their destination.

Under no circumstance are employees required to place themselves at risk to fulfill business requirements.

Distracted driving is an offence under Alberta’s Distracted Driving Legislation (Bill 16). Employees who are charged with traffic violations under this legislation will be responsible for all financial liabilities that result from such actions. Employees violating this policy will be subject to disciplinary action up to and including termination of employment as per WBEA Employee Manual.

Phone Camera Use The use of mobile phone cameras in the workplace may interfere with productivity and lead to problems including personal conflicts, privacy violations, and the unauthorized disclosure of confidential information. This policy is designed to reduce the risk of a deliberate or accidental use of images for inappropriate purposes.

No images may be taken that would violate an individual’s privacy.

No image taken by an employee in the course and scope of their employment may be used, printed, copied, scanned, emailed, posted, shared, or distributed in any manner without the express, written consent of WBEA. All images on WBEA supplied Electronic Devices is the property of WBEA and the Company has the right to examine the content of their Electronic Devices at any time.

NOTE: Employees must educate themselves on site regulations regarding Electronic Device use and follow the regulations when working on any WBEA member site (i.e. no photos are permitted to be taken on site).

Cell Phones in Meetings To ensure the effectiveness of meetings, employees are asked to leave cell phones at their desk. On the unusual occasion of an emergency or anticipated emergency that requires immediate attention, the cell phone may be carried to meetings on vibrate/silent mode.

WBEA Management, Leads and Coordinators are expected to serve as role models for proper compliance with this policy and are encouraged to regularly remind employees of their responsibilities in complying with this policy.

2.7 WORKPLACE HARASSEMENT & VIOLENCE POLICY

WBEA is committed to providing a work environment where all employees are treated with respect and dignity. Harassing, bullying, and violent behaviour are unacceptable and will not be tolerated at any WBEA work site.

This policy applies to all WBEA employees, contractors, members, and visitors. It is everyone’s responsibility to uphold this policy and work together to prevent workplace harassment and violence.

All workers are encouraged to raise any concerns about workplace harassment and/or violence and to immediately report any incidents.

WBEA pledges to investigate and deal with all incidents and complaints in a timely and fair manner, respecting the privacy of all concerned to the extent possible.

Workplace Harassment and Violence Policy Definitions

Harassment: any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at, and offensive to, another person or persons and that the individual knew, or ought reasonably to have known, would cause offense or harm. It comprises any objectionable act, comment or display that demeans, belittles, or causes personal humiliation or embarrassment; and any act of intimidation or threat.

Violence: the threatened, attempted or actual conduct of a person that causes or is likely to cause physical injury.

Rights and Responsibilities

Everyone has:

• the right to a harassment-free workplace • the right to a workplace free from violence or the threat of violence • the right to confidentiality when reporting any occurrence of harassment or violence • the responsibility to treat other employees with respect • the responsibility to intervene when witnessing harassing or violent behaviours • the responsibility to report work-related incidents involving harassment or violence

Management has:

• the responsibility to lead by example and treat all employees, clients, suppliers, and contractors with respect • the responsibility to enforce zero tolerance for all forms of harassment and violence • the responsibility to investigate and report all complaints involving harassment and violence in a timely manner • the responsibility to ensure the confidentiality of all reports • the responsibility to ensure appropriate disciplinary action is taken against the offender • the responsibility to provide necessary first aid and support to any employee injured in a violent incident

Reporting Procedure

1) All incidents of violent behaviour must be reported immediately to the lead, coordinator, or next level of management.

2) When an employee feel they are being harassed they are encouraged to informally approach the harasser, if comfortable in doing so, and make the harasser aware that their behaviour is offensive and that it must stop. This should be expressed clearly and firmly.

3) If an informal approach is not possible or proves to be ineffective, the employee should notify their lead. If the complaint involves the lead, the complaint should be forwarded to the next level of management or

the safety coordinator. Leads will notify senior management; a formal complaint will be registered and an investigation will be conducted.

4) Employees have the right to expect confidentiality throughout the complaint process and investigation, to the extent possible.

5) Where an investigation substantiates allegations of harassment or violence WBEA management will take immediate action. This action may include:

• a written reprimand • suspension without pay • demotion • dismissal • criminal charges

6) In the event an employee makes a false, deliberate or malicious allegation that causes undue hardship and stress to another employee and needlessly consumes WBEA resources, the employee will be disciplined according to WBEA Employee Manual.

2.8 SCENT SENSITIVE WORK ENVIRONMENT POLICY

WBEA recognizes that many scented products trigger adverse reactions in people with allergies or chemical sensitivities and that exposure to these products can adversely affect the health of these individuals. To ensure a safe and healthy workplace for all WBEA employees and visitors it is mandated that all employees refrain from using or wearing highly scented products while on WBEA premises.

Any employee being adversely affected by a scented product is required to report the matter to their lead or the safety coordinator. Leads and/or the safety coordinator will investigate the cause of the reaction and eliminate the product from the premises. All employees and visitors are asked to refrain from using, wearing, and bringing products to the work place that have been reported to affect employees to WBEA premises.

Employees are asked to be considerate in their use of scented products and to be aware they may be asked to refrain from using such products. Employees, when purchasing products for WBEA premises will select the least scented product available.

Scent can also be a hazard in the field as it can contaminate samples and is an attractant to wildlife. Perfumed body products, discarded food waste or wrappers, or food left inside a vehicle can entice animals. Field employees are required to be aware of what scents they are bringing into the field and control or eliminate them, wherever possible.

Staff will be informed of this policy through meetings, email, and signs; visitors will be informed of this policy through signs or verbally, if required.

Restricted Product List:

- Scented air freshener sprays - Scented air freshener solids and plug ins - Scented car fresheners - Strong perfumes/colognes

3. TRAINING AND COMMUNICATION

WBEA believes that all incidents are preventable through effective supervision, knowledge, skills, abilities, and controls. The WBEA Health, Safety and Environment manual has been developed to facilitate this process. WBEA also provides for general and specialized training throughout the organization. This training includes:

• Safety orientations for new hires • Job specific training • Task and trade specific training and certification • Hands-on mentoring • Specialized safety and related training • Refresher and update training • Site specific training

In addition, safety meetings are held monthly at the Field Operations Centre and bimonthly at the Administration office; weekly “tailgate” meetings are held at the Field Operations Centre with a safety component at each meeting; and updates on safety and training are emailed to all employees by the Safety Coordinator, as required.

3.1 ORIENTATION It is the responsibility of the lead, in cooperation with the safety coordinator, to ensure all new employees receive the WBEA safety orientation on the first day of employment or prior to performing any work-related tasks. The safety orientation will include review of the Health, Safety and Environment manual and a physical orientation of both the Administration office and Field Operation Centre.

Leads, or their designate, will ensure each employee receives work site and industry specific orientation and training.

3.2 TRAINING It is the responsibility of the lead to ensure that the required training is provided and complete before an employee performs a task requiring training. Competent personnel will perform all training.

Recertification training will be completed before the expiry of current training occurs, if possible. Training will be ongoing and updated as procedures change, new tasks arise, or when government regulations are updated or revised.

Mandatory Safety Training:

All staff Proactive Defensive Driver, online training Emergency First Aid – CPR and AED, office staff Standard First Aid – CPR and AED, field staff WHMIS 2015 Fire Extinguisher Use Annual Fire Drills

AATC and TEEM - additional training BSO – Basic Safety Orientation CSTS 09 – where required Transportation of Dangerous Goods H2S Alive, as required

Site specific training, as required Energy Sector Driver Improvement (ESDI) Training Wildlife Awareness

TEEM only - additional training Outdoor Survival Transportation of Dry Ice in Canada

Management/Leads/Coordinators Leadership for Safety Excellence

Job Specific Training Job specific training may be requested by WBEA for employees in specific roles. Employees are invited to request any job specific or professional development training they feel may develop their role in the organization.

3.3 WEEKLY FOC MEETINGS Weekly “tailgate” meetings are held with Field Operation Centre staff to discuss the upcoming week’s schedule and any safety related topics. A record of the meeting and those in attendance is maintained and filed in the Confluence document management system.

3.4 SAFETY MEETINGS Safety meetings are held monthly at the Field Operation Centre and bimonthly at the Administration office. These meetings are a venue to discuss health and safety topics and review safe work practices/procedures, worksite inspections, and any incidents or near misses that have occurred the previous month, as well as bring forward employee health or safety concerns. Employee discussion and participation is encouraged at these forums. Meeting notes and attendance sign-in sheets are maintained by the safety coordinator, reviewed by management and a copy is posted on the safety bulletin board(s) for reference.

3.5 OUTSIDE COMMUNICATIONS Employees and full-time contractors are to refer to the WBEA Employee Manual; Media Relations, and Social Media in referencing WBEA or the employee’s work with WBEA when using social media.

As per the WBEA Employee Manual, Media Relations, the Executive Director, WBEA President and/or designated staff are deemed the official spokespeople in all interactions with the media on any matters pertaining to WBEA.

4. WORKPLACE SAFETY PROGRAMS

4.1 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION & ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES WBEA believes hazard management is an essential part of effectively minimizing the risk of loss. It is through the control of hazards that the frequency and severity of incidents, lost time occurrences and financial costs are reduced.

Once a hazard is identified it is the lead’s responsibility to ensure the hazard is assessed and the appropriate action is taken to control the hazard. Hazards are most often identified:

• by an employee who observes an unsafe act or condition - Ongoing Hazard Assessments;

• through a formal hazard assessment of a job or occupation - Job Hazard Analyses;

• during formal and informal inspections of work areas – Safety Inspections; or

• during internal and external safety audits.

Employees are responsible to:

• assess hazards in their work environment on an ongoing basis,

• mitigate any identified hazards, if possible,

• report all identified hazards, and any actions taken, to their lead and/or safety coordinator.

Alberta Occupational Health and Safety Code, Part 2 sets standards for Hazard Assessment, Elimination and Control and is to be referred to regarding all WBEA hazard assessments.

DEFINITIONS

Field Level Hazard Assessment: A formal hazard assessment performed by TEEM personnel before departing for the field; or performed by AAM personnel in the event of an unfamiliar or new task.

Hazard: Any circumstance or condition which poses the risk of an incident.

Hazard Assessment: A thorough examination of an operation (work site, job, or task, etc.) to identify what actual and potential hazards may exist.

Job Hazard Analysis: A first tier formal hazard assessment of projects and jobs, performed before new jobs begin. A JHA should conducted by a team of employees.

Ongoing Hazard Assessment: Second tier hazard assessments conducted by an employee in the execution of their duties. These are performed informally.

Risk: The likelihood or potential that a hazard will cause harm.

Incident: Any unplanned event which results in a loss or damage to people, property, equipment, production, or the environment.

Near Miss: Any unplanned event which, under slightly different circumstances, could have resulted in a loss or damage to people, property, equipment, production, or the environment.

Worksite Observance: A formal hazard assessment performed by AAM personnel upon arrival at an air monitoring station or sample site.

Job Hazard Analysis A job hazard analysis is conducted at the beginning of a project or new task not currently part of routine operations. The analysis is performed by a team of employees who are familiar with the job or tasks, along with the Safety Coordinator.

Steps to executing a job hazard analysis are:

1) Identifying the job or project to be assessed. 2) Break down the job or project into steps or a sequence of tasks. 3) For each job or task, identify all potential hazards and evaluate the risk. 4) For each hazard, identify the required controls and actions.

All hazards noted and their mitigating controls will be discussed with employees at orientations and safety meetings.

Risk Evaluation When a hazard has been identified evaluating the risk is the next step. To evaluate if a hazard is likely to cause harm use the tables below.

CAUTION: Hazards are often overlooked because they seldom result in immediate injury.

Exposure (Likelihood) x Consequence (Severity) = Risk Rating

Exposure: How likely is it that the hazard Consequence: How severe would the may result in harm? injury/damage be? 1. Unlikely (1 per year) 1. Insignificant

2. Occasionally (1 per month) 2. First Aid or minor property damage 3. Often (1-2 per month) 3. Lost time injury or significant property damage 4. Frequently (1 – 2 per week) 4. Severe injury, serious health effects

5. Continuous (1 – 2 per day) 5. Fatality, permanent disability, or major property damage

Risk Ratings

1 – 3 Low Risk No action required. 4 – 6 Low Look at existing control measures and additional training. 7 – 10 Medium Risk Controls must be in place and monitored for effectiveness. 11 – 14 Medium Higher Risk, High Priority, contact supervisor immediately for controls. 15 – 25 High Risk Urgent action required, stop work until controls are in place.

Example: A busy icy sidewalk would frequently (4) cause harm. And, if it did cause harm the severity would most likely be first aid (2). 4 x 2 = 8 In this case, your risk rating would be an 8.

The Risk Rating for the icy sidewalk is Medium which requires controls to be put in place and the effectiveness monitored to assure the risk has been brought to a ‘tolerable’ level, or as low a level as possible.

Controls are implemented in the following order:

Elimination: Can the hazard be eliminated? Substitution: Can the hazard be substituted for a less hazardous one (i.e. less hazardous chemicals)? Engineering: Can the hazard be engineered to be less hazardous (i.e. railings)? Administration: Can procedures be established to protect workers (i.e. training, policies, Safe Work Practices)? PPE: As a last line of defense and/or as back up protection, can PPE be used?

Hazard assessments must be completed on new work sites, when a new work process is introduced and when a work process changes. Hazard assessments must also be repeated at reasonable and practicable intervals to prevent the development of unsafe and unhealthy work conditions.

WBEA employees are to be involved in identifying hazards on an ongoing basis and are involved in the hazard assessment process through safety meetings, weekly FOC meetings and more informally through email notifications from the lead or safety coordinator.

Worksite Observances (Formal hazard assessment) The goal of both formal and informal hazard assessments is to eliminate risk in all tasks. WBEA field technicians are required to perform a worksite observance upon arriving at each air monitoring station or sample site as part of the formal hazard assessment process.

The observance is to be recorded in DocIt entering #WO at the beginning of each entry for tracking purposes. Worksite observances focus on what has changed at the site since the last visit and potential hazards while the technician is at the site. There is a Worksite Observation template card posted at each station for reference.

Ongoing Hazard Assessment Process (Informal hazard assessment) Informal hazard assessments should be performed numerous times throughout the day and examine and evaluate all four major components in the workplace:

• People • Environment • Materials being worked with • Equipment and tools being used

Ongoing assessment of hazards is a mindset that should be used by all personnel in both their professional and personal lives. There are three steps to ongoing hazard assessment:

1) STOP – Identify any hazards (What could go wrong?)

2) THINK – Assess the risk (How bad could it be? Use the Risk Rating procedure)

3) ACT - Take action to control the risks (Use the right procedure and tools)

Ongoing assessment of hazards is important because existing risks are not automatically realized for a number of reasons:

• Incidents are not common at our place of work.

• We have always done the job the same way.

• Our concentration lapses.

• We get desensitized to the job hazards.

Ongoing hazard assessments help employees to “stay in the moment” and prevent complacency - when employees go on auto pilot and stop thinking about the task at hand and hazards that could be associated with it.

4.2 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)

In compliance with Alberta Occupational Health and Safety Code, Part 18, WBEA requires all employees to wear personal protective equipment (PPE) to protect themselves from job hazards when required by job hazard assessments or as required on industry sites. The PPE requirement is dependent on job specific and site-specific requirements.

All basic PPE required by specific job responsibilities, job hazard assessments (JHA) and safety requirements will be supplied by WBEA for our staff, except for footwear and clothing.

If job responsibilities, Job Hazard Analyses and safety requirements necessitate specialized footwear, WBEA will provide an allowance of up to $200 per year. The Safety Coordinator, Program Lead or Executive Director will jointly approve the need for specialized footwear. Once approved, staff are to submit a receipt to Accounting, on an expense report, for reimbursement.

Leads are responsible to:

• Ensure PPE is available to every employee including, but not limited to; safety eyewear, hearing protection, work gloves, reflective vests, and hard hats. • Ensure employees are trained on the selection, fit, care and maintenance of their PPE. • Assess the need for specialized PPE where job specific hazards exist and ensure employees are trained on the use and maintenance of the specialized PPE. • Ensure employees use required PPE. • Set a good example in the use of PPE.

Employees are responsible to:

• Supply their own CSA approved work boots and/or hiking boots. (See above for annual WBEA boot allowance information) • Use and properly wear the appropriate PPE for the hazard. • Inspect their PPE before each use. • Replace any PPE that is worn or damaged. • Not modify or change any piece of PPE. • Set a good example in the use of PPE.

AAM PPE Requirements

AAM PPE requirements are dependent on the task and industry site requirements.

• CSA approved work boots • Long pants and long sleeve shirts • Hearing protection • Eye protection • Reflective stripes • Hard hat • Fire resistant clothing • Personal gas monitor • Work gloves • Fall protection

TEEM PPE Requirements

• Hiking boots • Long pants and long sleeve shirt • Rubber boots (CSA approved composite toed for industry sites, otherwise CSA approved work boots are also required) • Eye protection • Reflective stripes • Hard hat • Task specific work gloves

Foot Protection CSA approved work boots are designed to protect the foot against hazards such as compression, puncture, and impact injuries. CSA approved boots have a green triangle on the boot and are required on all industry sites. The shaft of the boot must measure a minimum of 6 inches.

Hiking boots should have a breathable, waterproof membrane and be as lightweight as possible, every 1 lb on the foot feels like an extra 5 – 6 lbs on your back while hiking. Hiking boots should have a nonslip, widely-spaced aggressive lug that is designed to shed mud.

Eye Protection Safety eye wear is designed to protect the eyes against hazards such as flying debris, particles, splashing liquids or chemicals. All safety eye glasses must be CSA approved.

Some industry sites do not allow contact lenses to be worn on site as they may trap or absorb particles or gases.

WBEA will cover prescription safety glasses up to $500 every two years, if required.

Hearing Protection Hearing protection is designed to reduce the level of sound energy reaching the inner ear. Hearing protection must be worn when sound levels exceeds 85 dBA. Double hearing protection must be worn when sound levels exceed 106 dBA.

Hearing protection must be worn when working in the FOC pump room, AMS 01 on Hi-Vol sample days and at AMS 17, as per WBEA Safe Work Practice – Working in High Noise Areas.

Ear protection is available to employees who would like to wear protection at any site that may not reach sound level exceedances but where the employee finds the noise level annoying.

Hand Protection Task specific gloves are to be worn by employees when handling rough, sharp, abrasive material or if lacerations, burns or bruises are possibilities. Gloves are also to be used when handling samples to avoid contamination.

All gloves must be CSA approved and the proper glove for the task should be used. Gloves should not be worn for close work around machinery or equipment where they are likely to become tangled.

Fall Protection Employees are required to wear fall protection when working at height above 2 metres without guard or railing. All fall protection must be CSA approved and comply with Alberta Occupational Health and Safety Code, Part 9.

All employees required to don fall protection will be trained in its use and inspection. Employees are required to inspect all fall protection harnesses and lanyards prior to each use.

Fire Resistant Clothing Fire resistant clothing must be worn when required on industry sites.

Clothing that melts without burning can cause extreme injury. To reduce the possibility of clothing melting to the skin or burning, the clothing worn under flame resistant outerwear must be made of flame resistant fabrics or natural fibres. Examples of natural fibres include wool, cotton and silk. Employees are responsible for ensuring they wear the appropriate under clothing.

Reflective Clothing/Stripes Reflective clothing or stripes must be worn when in the field or on industry sites.

Clothing Long sleeve shirts and long pants must be worn when on industry sites.

Personal Gas Monitors Employees will wear personal gas monitors when required to be worn on industry sites. All employees required to wear personal gas monitors will be trained on their use and calibration.

Head Protection Safety headgear is designed to protect the head from the impact of falling objects and bumps. Employees are required to wear head protection (hard hats) when required on industry sites or in the field where there is a risk of an overhead hazard.

4.3 INSPECTIONS

Inspections are a critical component of incident prevention and as such are an essential part of the WBEA Health & Safety program. Inspections are an examination of work sites through ‘fresh eyes’ with a purpose to:

- Identify and record actual and potential hazards,

- Record any hazards requiring immediate attention,

- Determine whether existing controls are adequate and operational,

- Recommend controls or corrective action, where applicable.

WBEA’s Health & Safety program includes several types of inspection:

Audits: Internal audits of WBEA’s Health, Safety and Environmental program will be held annually with an external audit review held every third year, as per COR™ requirements.

Formal Inspections: Routine inspections of both the Thickwood office and FOC, conducted monthly by a rotating team of employees. All employees, including management, are required to participate in formal inspections. Formal inspections cover overall working conditions including hazards, procedures, and practices. Fire extinguishers, emergency lights, first aid kits and eye wash stations are all checked and signed off during formal inspections. See Monthly Inspection Checklist under Section 10, Health and Safety Forms.

AMS Inspections: Air Monitoring Station (AMS) inspections are to be conducted bi-annually by technicians. AMS Inspections are formal inspections looking for any hazard or substandard condition that requires corrective action. Fire extinguishers are also checked and signed off during AMS inspections. See AMS Quarterly Inspection Checklist under Section 10, Health and Safety Forms.

Informal Inspections: Leads are accountable for the safety of employees under their control. Therefore, leads should be constantly on the lookout for any hazard that may arise in work areas and ensure employees are following established policies and procedures. Employees are also required to be attentive and inspect their work area pre-task to ensure they or their co-workers will not be injured in the performance of their duties.

Spot Inspections: Spot inspections are carried out by leads, program coordinators, the safety coordinator, or designate(s) and focus on a specific hazard at a specific work site (i.e. inspecting noise levels at AMS 17). The purpose of a spot inspection is to investigate when a hazard has been identified or follow up on a corrective action after an incident.

4.4 FATIGUE MANAGEMENT

WBEA Management recognizes the nature of WBEA operations often require extended work hours which can affect an employee’s ability to perform mental and physical tasks. Through training, monitoring of employees, and fatigue management measures can be applied to ensure safety on the job.

By knowing the factors which influence fatigue, and by recognizing the signs and symptoms of fatigue, employees will be able to avoid the effects or fatigue and ensure their own and their co-worker’s safety. Leads will also monitor an employee’s fitness for work and handle fatigue problems before they become a safety hazard.

Fatigue is the state of being physically or mentally tired. It results from long hour of work, inadequate rest, excessive stress, or any combination of these factors. The signs, symptoms and effects of fatigue vary between individuals but fatigue always impairs an individual’s work performance.

Responsibilities

Management Management is responsible to anticipate long term problems with extended work schedules, identify affected employees and provide training as well as arrange a reasonable work/rest schedule.

Leads Leads are responsible to assess employees’ fitness for work and schedule extended work hours with ample lead time for employees to adjust.

Employees Employees are responsible to report to work Fit for Duty and get sufficient rest and nutrition during days and hours off. Employees are responsible to participate in the development of suitable work schedules, watch for signs of fatigue in themselves and co-workers and report any concern relating to fatigue to their supervisor.

Work Schedule Standards

In accordance with Alberta Employment Standards, WBEA deems their work schedule standards as following:

- The normal work week is a 40-hour work week for both administrative and field staff.

- Regular administration office hours are 8:30 – 4:30 Monday to Friday

- Regular field hours are 8:00 – 4:00 Monday to Friday. These times are a guideline as situations often warrant different start and stop times or extensions to the day dependant on the task to be performed and the limitations of site, or helicopter, access.

- No employee shall exceed a 12-hour work shift without the express consent of WBEA senior management.

- Field staff must inform their lead of the planned work schedule and be approved for an extended work day and the plan to mitigate fatigue prior to departing for the field.

- In the event of an emergency these standards may be overruled with the approval of a lead or their designate.

Signs and Symptoms of Fatigue

Extended work hours and /or many consecutive days of work contribute to fatigue. Fatigue leads to poor performance and decreased decision-making skills. Employees are required to watch for signs of fatigue in themselves and their co- workers and report them to a lead. Signs of fatigue include the following:

• Tiredness – lack of energy, low vitality, lack of interest, sluggishness

• Irritability – abnormal ill-tempered behaviour

• Giddiness – or light-headedness

• Sleepiness - falling asleep on the job or during breaks

• Depression – mood changes or mood swings, low motivation

• Loss of Appetite - a change in appetite or disinterest in food

• Digestive Problems – frequently taking stomach medication

• Illness – more susceptible to cold and flu

• Deterioration of Performance – slow reactions, unable to process new information, poor judgement, lack of response to stimulants such as caffeine.

Mitigation of Fatigue

To ensure that employees are affected as little as possible by work fatigue WBEA has taken the following steps:

✓ Fatigue management is discussed during safety meetings.

✓ Extended hours of work are minimized whenever possible.

✓ Rest days, including vacation, are scheduled well ahead of time.

✓ Methods of controlling hazards and risks are assessed and developed.

✓ Individuals and teams are monitored for signs of fatigue.

✓ Extended hours of work are scheduled as much in advance as possible.

✓ Work is prioritized from urgent to less urgent.

✓ Information on fatigue is provided to workers.

✓ Health problems are identified which may affect an employee’s ability to work extended hours.

✓ An effort to be flexible is made when dealing with employees’ personal problems.

4.5 ERGONOMICS AND WORKPLACE ENVIRONMENT STANDARDS

Work Station Ergonomics Ergonomics is the compatibility between workers and their ‘work’. ‘Work’ being made up of the work environment, work stations and tasks. Poor ergonomic conditions exist when the ‘work’ is incompatible with the worker’s body. This situation may cause discomfort, fatigue, pain, and eventually injury.

Injuries resulting from poor ergonomics are known as musculoskeletal injuries (MSI) and are caused by prolonged work with repetitive movements, forceful movements, and awkward body postures. MSI are painful and often disabling injuries which mainly affect the wrists, back, legs, shoulders, neck, muscles, and joints.

Environmental conditions are a factor in ergonomics as well. Room temperature, lighting, noise levels and ventilation can affect workers resulting in fatigue, stress, eye strain, headache, and other conditions.

Work Station Simple changes to desk set up and seating position can help employees to sit up straighter and avoid neck, wrist, and back strain.

Sitting Ergonomically

➢ Ears in line with shoulders.

➢ Shoulders back and relaxed, not elevated or rounded. ➢ Back straight or leaning slightly

back, using lumbar support.

➢ Elbows close to body and

bent between 90° and 120°.

➢ Hips, knees, and ankles between

90°and 120°. ➢ Foot rest used if feet are dangling. ➢ Top of computer screen at eye level, tilted slightly away. ➢ Keyboard in line with or lower than elbow joint.

Take frequent short breaks away from the computer. Look away from the computer every couple of minutes to give eyes a break. Stand up every 20 minutes and do some stretches or walk around. If eyes are straining or muscles are cramping more mini breaks are needed.

WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

When typing or using the mouse wrists should be in a neutral position not angled up or down, and should be positioned up in the air rather than resting on a wrist support. Rest wrists on the wrist support during breaks from typing. Use a mouse that is the proper size for hand.

Everything used frequently should be within a forearm’s length such as keyboard, mouse, and phone.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome The carpal tunnel is a narrow passageway of ligament and bones at the base of the hand. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) occurs when the nerves become pressed or squeezed at the wrist. This can lead to numbness, muscle weakness, and constant pain.

Minimizing stress on hands and wrists can help prevent CTS.

Reduce force and relax grip. Hit keyboard keys softly and soften grip on the mouse. Most people use more force than is necessary when using the computer.

Take frequent breaks. Give hands and wrists frequent breaks by gently stretching and bending them. A 1-2 minute break every 15 -20 minutes is recommended.

Stay neutral. Avoid bending the wrist all the way up or down when typing. A relaxed neutral position is best.

Improve posture. Incorrect posture, whether sitting or standing, can cause shoulders to roll forward. This shortens neck and shoulder muscles and compresses nerves in the neck which affects wrists, fingers, and hands.

Keep hands warm. Hand pain and stiffness are more likely to develop in cold temperatures.

Allergen Exposure It is common for employees with allergies to have reactions that can range from mild to serious. Education and awareness go a long way toward reducing the risk of accidental exposure and suitable precautions should be used whenever there is potential for an allergic reaction. Responsibility for allergen avoidance lies with employees with sensitivities.

Allergens can be food, plants, insects, or chemicals. Allergic reactions can range from skin conditions (itchy skin, red hives), red sore eyes, to difficulties breathing. Seriousness of reactions differ from person to person. 60

- Communicate severe allergies to lead and co-workers. - Wash hands and mouth before and after eating to protect against cross contamination. - Properly clean communal surfaces and dispose of food items from shared areas. - Use insect repellant and wear appropriate clothing when exposed to allergen causing insects. - Carry an EpiPen and wear medical identification bracelet, if they may be required. - Wear proper PPE whenever there is a potential for contact with chemicals that may cause skin or lung irritation. - Do not wear or use excessively scented products in the workplace.

Manual Lifting A majority of injuries in the workplace are due to improper lifting techniques. All manual lifting, regardless of the weight, should be planned and safe lifting practices should be followed, refer to Safe Job Procedure – Manual Lifting.

- Plan the lift first. Make sure path is free of obstructions. - Test the weight to be lifted. If it is bulky or heavy use a dolly, hand truck or cart, or ask for help. - Use gloves to lift a sharp or heavy load. Wear footwear that will protect the toes when lifting heavy loads. - Break load down into multiple lighter loads, if applicable. - Use safe lifting procedures. - Know how to safely handle controlled WHMIS products. - Avoid reaching while lifting. - Do not lift or carry heavy items by the packing straps.

Work Environment Standards The work environment includes temperature, lighting, noise, and exposure to scents. WBEA has established environment standards to maintain a healthy, comfortable work environment for all employees. Maintaining a healthy work environment is important both for our employees’ well-being and for peak productivity.

Temperature WBEA recognized that minor deviations in temperature can affect employees’ performance, health, and safety. A work environment that is too warm makes employees feel tired while one that is too cold causes employee’s attention to drift, making them restless and easily distracted.

Temperature preferences vary greatly between individuals and while there is no one temperature that satisfy everyone WBEA will follow the Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety standards for thermal comfort. Temperature levels should not fluctuate greatly as this harmful to both employees and HVAC units.

WBEA offices temperatures will be maintained at a temperature range of 20 – 24° C (68 - 75° F) in winter months and 23 - 26° C (75 - 79° F) in warmer summer months to minimize the discrepancy between indoors and outdoors. If employees are uncomfortable at these temperatures WBEA will supply space heaters and/or fans for specific individuals.

Lighting Common lighting problems include too much light, too little light, glare and shadows. Light problems can promote eye strain and fatigue. They can also cause musculoskeletal injuries as employees use awkward body positioning to see or read in poor light.

Common problems caused by poor lighting are eyestrain, a burning sensation in the eyes, blurred vision, eye irritation, dry eyes, and headaches. Contributing factors are reading materials (computer screen) too far away, poor image quality on computer monitor, glare and/or shadows, low humidity, uncorrected vision, or long periods of visually demanding tasks.

Guidelines to prevent or correct these problems are: - Adjust work station so work is easy to see (i.e. adjustable chairs, monitors, task lighting) - Adjust the image quality on computer monitor. 61

- Have eyes examined regularly to correct any vision impairment. - Use a good work/rest schedule to rest eyes. - Position desk so windows are to the side of work area, if possible. Do not place monitors facing the window. Use anti- glare screen and/or window coverings if needed. - Position desk so ceiling lights are to the side of desk. Avoid placing desk where light fixtures are directly in front of desk. - Use adjustable task lighting, if needed. Older workers may need more light. - Replace flickering fluorescent tubes immediately.

Noise WBEA noise standards are established to prevent hearing loss as well as avoid interference with concentration in the performance of mental work, annoyance among co-workers and stress. WBEA requires workers to wear hearing protection whenever they are exposed for extended periods to equipment with a decibel reading over 85 dBA. As per Alberta Occupational Health and Safety Code, WBEA will notify and protect workers when exposed to noise in excess of 85 dBA.

Ear protection is available to employees who would like to wear protection at any site that may not reach sound level exceedances but where the employee finds the noise level annoying.

AMS 17 (Wapasu Station) The Remtech Wind Profiler at AMS 17 sounds every 20 seconds. These sound pulses are in excess of 75 dBA, depending where in the compound you are situated. Workers and/or visitors to AMS 17 are required to don hearing protection when entering the compound at AMS 17. Head phones are required to work on or near the Wind Profiler while foam ear plugs may be used for work in and around the station and compound.

PUMP ROOM Equipment located in the pump room runs constantly at 88 - 90 dBA level. The door to the pump room should remain closed when workers are not inside the room. Ear protection is required when working inside the pump room.

OFFICES Guidelines for noise control in WBEA offices include:

• Ensure equipment is well maintained. • Keep conversations in public areas to a low level. • Be aware of how your conversation will affect other workers. • Use offices and boardrooms for distracting conversations. • Keep phone conversations in public areas subdued. • Keep music at your work station unobtrusive.

Scents WBEA recognizes that scented products may adversely affect an employee`s health causing a range of symptoms from headaches and dizziness to upper respiratory issues. The severity of effects varies from person to person.

WBEA employees are encouraged not to use and/or wear scented products in the workplace. Any employee affected by a workplace scent should report to their lead so the matter can be addressed on a case-by-case basis.

Scent can also be a hazard in the field as it is an attractant to wildlife. Perfumed body products, discarded food waste or wrappers, or food left inside a vehicle can draw animals. Field employees are required to be aware of what scents they are bringing into the field and control them where possible.

4.6 WORKING ALONE/ REMOTE POLICY

Meeting WBEA’s mandate requires WBEA employees to frequently work alone and/or to work remotely. The purpose of this policy is to safeguard employees in accordance with Alberta Occupational Health and Safety Code, Part 28; to ensure employees have some way of communicating in an emergency; and for emergency responses to be automatically initiated when employees cannot communicate in a situation where assistance is required.

When WBEA employees are working alone they are required to follow the established working alone and/or working remotely procedures set in place by WBEA. There are working alone procedures in place for remote field work as well as for working alone in the offices.

The procedures and system for checking an employee’s wellbeing will be reviewed annually by the leads and safety coordinator; or more frequently if there is a change in the work circumstances which could affect an employee’s wellbeing; or if the system is not working effectively.

Office Procedure – Working Alone Occasionally WBEA employees are alone in the workplace either before, during or after office hours. The following practises will be followed by all WBEA employees when working alone in WBEA buildings.

Employee Responsibilities

- Lock all outside doors. During regular business hours, the Admin office will post a note on the front door with the main phone number for access. The FOC has a buzzer system for anyone wanting access to the building. - Do not open doors to anyone who makes you uncomfortable, trust your instincts. - Make yourself aware of all exits/escape routes in buildings. - Be aware of the schedules of surrounding businesses. - If suspicious people are hanging around the building, notify police. - Read the WBEA handouts Alone and Alert and Dealing with Aggressive Individuals. - Advise co-workers or family if you are working outside of business hours, advise when you plan to leave. Check in with them periodically. - Leave the building with your car key in your hand ready to unlock your car door. - Telephones are located in all offices in the Thickwood office. Lock yourself in an office and call for help, if required.

Employees are to report all incidents of aggressive or unruly visitors to leads and to fill in an incident report.

Field Procedures – Working Alone/Remote WBEA employs the SafetyLine Lone Worker monitoring system to safeguard employees operating in the field. The SafetyLine system is used with cell phones, smartphones, laptops, and SPOT devices, which are used when employees are working out of cell range. In conjunction with this policy employees are also required to read, understand, and comply with WBEA Safe Work Practices - Driving, Winter Driving, Ice Road Driving, Weather, and Helicopters, if applicable.

Employee Responsibilities

- Employees are required to advise their lead of their day’s itinerary before leaving the FOC and to activate and log on to the SafetyLine system before leaving the FOC parking lot. If two or more employees are traveling together than at least one employee is responsible for checking in. - Employees are required to ensure they have an adequate supply of any personal medication with them. - When working alone employees must not attempt dangerous tasks or assignments. - Employees must be properly trained for all work to be undertaken while alone. 63

- All machinery and equipment used by the employee working alone must be inspected and be in good condition. - The appropriate PPE must be worn when completing tasks. - Employees are required to honk their vehicle or air horn upon arrival at a remote worksite or air monitoring station. - Employees are required to lock the compound when working alone inside air monitoring stations.

Employee Monitoring Procedures

1) SafetyLine system is to be activated before leaving FOC parking lot. Include a voicemail of day’s itinerary or leave itinerary with lead.

2) Check-in schedule is to be set for two-hour intervals, record a new voice mail if anything has changed. *Check-in voicemails should include – Name, time, location or destination, tasks and any other information you feel would be needed in an emergency.

3) If an employee is preparing to undertake hazardous work the employee is required to change the check-in schedule to a more frequent setting (i.e. 15 – 30 minutes) with a voicemail explaining the task being performed. Once the task is complete the system can be reset back to a two-hour check-in interval.

4) Check out of the system once you have returned to the FOC.

5) If at any time an employee is in an emergency situation and requires assistance they should push the Emergency button on their phones. This will initiate an instant emergency communication to the WBEA monitors and set the emergency response in action.

Should an employee fail to check-in at the allotted time or log out at the end of the day the system will begin an emergency response procedure alerting WBEA monitors of an unconfirmed emergency.

Using SPOT Devices

When work schedule takes an employee out of cell range, SPOT devices are to be used for monitoring instead of cell phones.

1) Refer to SPOT Device Monitoring Procedures in HS&E Manual.

2) The SOS button is ONLY for life threatening emergencies, it automatically goes to International Search and Rescue to respond. If the button is engaged by accident it can be cancelled by holding the button again until the light blinks red.

3) The ‘hands’ button is the HELP button for nonlife-threatening emergencies, this alert will go through to WBEA monitors.

4) Check out at the end of the day when you are back at the office. The talk bubble is your End Monitoring button. It will send a message to the system that you are safe and done for the day. The system will continue monitoring if you do not check out.

5) When using, hang the SPOT device on the outside of your backpack to enable it to access satellites.

6) If the GPS button is not blinking green move to a location with a clearer view of the sky or to a higher location on a hill (if you are down in a valley).

7) Be aware the signal may take up to 20 minutes to get through to the Safetyline Monitoring program.

Monitor Response Procedures Monitors/Leads, upon being alerted of a confirmed or unconfirmed emergency, will follow the appropriate emergency response procedures set up in the SafetyLine system. These are, but are not limited to:

1) Contact employee at all numbers listed including alternate home contacts, for failure to log out at end of day.

2) Log on to SafetyLine slmonitor.com for employee’s last GPS location and any messages.

3) Contact co-worker, if applicable.

4) Contact helicopter company, if applicable.

5) Contact employee’s lead to confirm employee’s schedule and determine if other employees are in area of missing employee.

6) Contact Safety Coordinator to advise. The Safety Coordinator will advise other leads and Executive Director, as required.

7) Contact emergency services such as site security or local emergency services, if required.

8) Drive to site with another co-worker, if applicable.

9) All actions will be documented by the lead with times noted.

4.7 H2S (Hydrogen Sulfide) AWARENESS

H2S is a highly toxic, flammable gas which may deaden your sense of smell making a situation a higher risk. H2S exposure occurs primarily through inhalation but also skin absorption. It is: • Normally found as a gas • Colourless • Water soluble (may release from sour water) • Heavier than air • Has a distinct rotten egg odour at very low concentrations • Has a 10 ppm eight-hour time weighted average; 15 ppm ceiling concentration Occupational Exposure Limit.

H2S can be found at various concentrations on industrial sites where WBEA employees work. As a result, all WBEA employees and contractors that may be exposed to H2S in the course of their work must complete a H2S Alive course.

Identification of H2S Areas An H2S area is defined as any area where the airborne concentration of hydrogen sulfide exceeds, or may exceed, 10 PPM. Permanent warning signs must be placed at perimeter or access points of the plant and/or unit. Fixed sensors activate automatically when an H2S leak is detected. Flashing blue strobe lights and a 2-tone alarm are the common warnings of an H2S (toxic gas) leak. When the alarm is seen or heard all workers must immediately follow the site evacuation procedures. Leads on site must ensure that all employees are familiar with the site evacuation procedures, including locations of emergency assembly areas or muster points.

Gas Testing Area – Initial and continuous gas testing must be conducted by trained and qualified personnel if there is a possibility of H2S to be present in a work area. This testing determines the levels of H2S in an area and if those levels are within Occupational Exposure Limits.

Personal – There is a requirement on some sites, usually SAGD, for workers to wear personal H2S detectors. WBEA requires workers to be trained in the use and calibration of personal detectors if working on any of these sites. Workers will read and understand the H2S Gas Detector Operator’s Manual as well as be instructed in the use of the detector before initial use.

H2S gas detectors will be ‘bump tested’ prior to each use as per the owner’s Operator’s Manual. H2S gas detectors will be inspected and maintained as per instructions in the owner’s Operator’s Manual.

Note: Half mask or full mask respirators are not acceptable as protection from unknown or above 15 ppm concentrations of H2S exposure.

Emergency Evacuation In the event of an H2S release on member sites, local alarms (and possibly blue lights) will automatically sound. Workers must immediately: • Stop work • Warn others in the area • Check the wind direction • Proceed to the designated muster point, if safe to do so. Otherwise proceed cross wind to a safe location. • Remain at muster point until given further direction from emergency response personnel. • When safe to do so, contact your Lead to inform of incident.

Exposure When a worker has become exposed to H2S response time is critical. Immediately call the site Emergency Response number. Ensure your own safety and do not attempt a rescue. Emergency rescue will be performed by trained emergency response personnel. Exposed workers must be taken to a medical facility for examination and treatment.

Occupational Exposure Limits

Occupational Exposure Limits (OEL) measured in PPM (Parts per Million)

5 PPM 12 Hour OEL Maximum allowable concentration for continuous exposure over a 12-hour period 7.5 PPM 10 Hour OEL Maximum allowable concentration for continuous exposure over a 10-hour period 10 PPM 8 Hour OEL Maximum allowable concentration for continuous exposure over an 8- hour period 15 PPM Ceiling OEL Concentration at which no exposure, without SCBA, is allowed for any reason at any time

The following table describes the linkages between exposure levels and symptoms.

Table 8. H2S Exposure Exposure Level Concentration (ppm) Symptoms Low 0-10 Irritation of the eyes, nose and throat Moderate 10-50 Headache Dizziness Nausea and vomiting Coughing and breathing difficulty High 50 + Severe respiratory tract irritation Severe eye irritation Shock Convulsions Coma Death

5. SAFE WORK PRACTICES

5.1 SAFE WORK PRACTICE POLICY

It is the policy of WBEA to develop Safe Work Practices to be used as instruction for performing tasks in a safe and correct manner.

Employee input is encouraged in the creation and review of these safe work practices.

Safe Work Practices are ‘do and don’t’ standards created from company and worker experience, legislation, and through recommendations of engineers and manufacturers.

WBEA takes care when preparing or customizing safe work practices and safe job procedures to ensure that they meet or exceed all applicable legislation, industry standards and OH&S regulations.

5.2 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – BLOW TORCH USE

- Ensure you are trained in the proper operation of the torch. - Familiarize yourself with the torch before using. - Use proper PPE for handling and operation of a torch. - Ensure proper cylinder is secured and regulator is in place. - Do not point towards face, other people, or flammable objects. - When not in use shut torch off. - Disconnect when not in use. - Do not drop or otherwise abuse the torch. - Never attempt to modify and only use approved accessories and fuel. - Be extra cautious when using outdoors on sunny or windy days. Bright sun makes it impossible to see the torch’s flame. Wind may carry the torch’s heat or sparks back towards you or to other flammable areas. - Be aware the tip of the torch can get extremely hot during use. - When thawing locks or pipes, be very careful not to overheat surrounding materials. - Be aware of the location of the closest fire extinguisher. - Do not use the torch with the fuel cylinder tipped more than 60 degrees from its upright position. This may cause the torch to flare. - In cold weather the size of the flame will be smaller. To produce a larger flame, pre-warm the cylinder to room temperature prior to use. - Make sure torch is cool before tightening or removing accessories. - Check all joints and couplings periodically for loose connections. Test periodically with soapy water to insure against leaking connections.

5.3 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – CHAINSAW SAFETY

Only those contractors or employees who have, at a minimum, Basic Chainsaw Safety Certification are authorized to perform chainsaw work for WBEA.

PPE requirements:

- Steel toed boots - Hard hat - Face Shield - Chainsaw chaps - Hand protection - Hearing protection - Communication device within arms reach - #2 First aid kit equipped with hemostatic agent (QuickClot granules/pads)

Work practices:

- Have current Basic Chainsaw Safety Certification. - Wear required PPE at all times. - Ensure a #2 First Aid kit is within 20 metres of the work area. - Do not refuel saw when hot or running. Use proper funnel or spout to refuel and have a fire extinguisher at the refuelling site. - Never operate a chain saw when working alone. - Use correct methods for carrying, starting, using, and storing the saw as recommended by the manufacturer. - When transporting or carrying the saw, ensure the guard is in place and the engine is off. - Ensure the chain brake is functioning properly prior to use. - Make sure chain is properly sharpened, correctly tensioned and adequately lubricated. - Do not cut above shoulder height of the operator. - Do not saw items on ground. - Always be aware of the position of other employees when operating the saw and ensure other employees are a distance of not less than twice the height of the tallest tree away from the area in which falling is taking place. - Ensure that there is a clear path of retreat and sufficient space to work for the chain saw operator. Be aware, branches bounce when striking the ground. - Never undertake chainsaw work that would bring the employee within 6 metres (20 feet) of a power line or power transmission. - Do not attempt to saw any trees larger than certified to handle.

5.4 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – COMPRESSED GAS CYLINDERS

Some WBEA employees are required to work with compressed gas cylinders as part of their regular work day. Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) training, Transportation of Dangerous Goods (TDG) training, and reading and understanding Material Safety Data Sheets (SDS) is required of all employees handling compressed gas cylinders.

- Read and understand the SDS and labels for all materials worked with. SDS binders are available on top of the flammable cabinet in the FOC bay area and beside the janitorial sink at the Administration office. - Read and understand Working Safely with Compressed Gas Field Guide, Section 11 HS&E Manual. - Know the hazards (fire/explosion, health, chemical reactivity, corrosivity, pressure) of all materials working with. - Identify gas cylinders by the label, not cylinder colour. - Store compressed gas cylinders in cool, dry, well-ventilated areas, away from incompatible materials and ignition sources. Ensure the storage temperature does not exceed 52 C. - Store, handle and use compressed gas cylinders securely fastened in place in the upright position. Never roll, drag, or drop cylinders or permit them to strike each other. - Move cylinders in handcarts or other devices designed for moving cylinders. They can be rolled for short distances on their base (milk churning). - Lift cylinders onto truck beds by tipping the cylinder until it rests on the tailgate, grasp the base of the cylinder with both hands and use the legs to lift the cylinder onto the truck bed. Climb into the bed of the truck, lift the cylinder to an upright position and use the roll (milk churn) method to move the cylinder against the headache rack. Secure the cylinder against the rack using ratchet straps. - Leave the cylinder valve protection cap in place until the cylinder is secured and ready for use. - Discharge compressed gases safely using devices, such as pressure regulators, approved for the particular gas. - Never force connections or use homemade adapters. - Ensure that equipment is compatible with cylinder pressure and contents. - Carefully check all cylinder-to-equipment connections before use and periodically during use to be sure they are tight, clean, in good condition and not leaking. - Carefully open valves, slowly pointed away from you and others, using the proper tools. - Close all valves when cylinders are not in use. - Never tamper with safety devices in cylinders, valves, or equipment. - Do not allow flames to contact cylinders and do not strike an electric arc on cylinders. - Always use cylinders in cool, well-ventilated areas. - Handle empty cylinders safely; leave a slight positive pressure in the cylinder, close cylinder valves, disassemble equipment properly, replace cylinder valve protection caps, mark cylinders ‘empty’ or ‘MT’, and store them secured separately from full cylinders. - Wear the proper personal protective equipment. - Display the proper dangerous goods placard when transporting compressed gases. - Know how to handle emergencies such as fires, leaks or personal injury.

5.5 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – DEFECTIVE TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

- Inspect all tools and equipment before each use to ensure tools are in proper operating condition. - Do not use any tool or equipment that is damaged or defective. - Remove from service any tools or equipment that is damage, defective or in any way inoperable by tagging the tool/equipment as per Safe Job Procedure - Tag Out Defective Tools and Equipment. - Place the tagged tool/equipment in the proper repair area. - Advise the lead of the defective tool/equipment verbally or by email.

Problems to watch for: - Split or cracked handles - Worn out jaws - Chipped, broken, or worn drill bits - Incomplete tools (i.e. files without handles) - Broken or inoperative guards on power tools - Damaged electrical cord or plug - On/off switch not in good working order - Cracked blade - Wrong pieces being used for tool

Air, gasoline, and electric power tools require skill and complete attention on the part of the user even when they are in good working order.

If unsure how to use a tool properly ask for instruction from a competent co-worker or supervisor.

5.6 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – DRIVING, WINTER DRIVING, ICE ROAD DRIVING

Driving

Operation of WBEA motor vehicles must be performed according to all vehicle codes, traffic laws, company procedures and manufacturer’s recommended operating guidelines.

Management will ensure vehicles are regularly inspected, maintained as per manufacturer’s guidelines, and are equipped for winter and remote winter road conditions, in the appropriate season.

DO:

✓ Pass the required Defensive Driving course before operating a WBEA vehicle. ✓ Conduct a walk around pre-trip inspection of vehicle, report deficiencies and do not use if vehicle is unsafe. ✓ Ensure you have a valid driver’s license and carry it with you while operating a WBEA vehicle. ✓ Program Lone Worker Monitor app before leaving FOC parking lot. Refer to HS&E Manual, Working Alone/Remotely procedure. ✓ Check and top up fluid levels. ✓ Ensure your cell phone or SPOT device is fully charged, carry extra batteries. ✓ Check local weather forecast and road conditions and plan accordingly. ✓ Drive defensively at all times and drive to road conditions. Be aware of: o Visibility reduced by dust, fog, rain, and snow o Narrow roads with over wide vehicles o Variable road surface conditions due to loose gravel, snow, ice, deep puddles, or mud. ✓ Ensure all vehicle occupants are wearing seatbelts. ✓ Secure all heavy or sharp objects in both cab and box of vehicle. ✓ Back in when practical and safe to do so. ✓ Ensure vehicle has an Emergency Road kit. ✓ Make your vehicle more visible by turning on your headlights, this will turn your taillights on as well. ✓ Promptly report and document all damage and incidents to your lead, regardless of how minor. ✓ Adjust and set up chairs, mirrors, radio, etc. before starting to drive.

DO NOT:

 Use an electronic device, hand held or hands free, while operating a vehicle. Safely pull to the side of the road if you need to take or place a call.  Use cruise control in wet or icy conditions.  Pick up hitch hikers or offer rides to strangers.  Multi-task while driving. Pay attention and do not engage in distracting activities.  Smoke in WBEA vehicles.  Travel in another vehicle’s ‘hit zone’, the area beside cars they may swerve into.

Winter Driving

DO:

✓ Always carry personal medication with you. ✓ Advise your lead of your itinerary. ✓ Ensure vehicle is equipped for current weather conditions. 74

o Winter tires o Winter windshield wash o Emergency Road kit o Snow/Ice brush o Winter wiper blades ✓ Clear ice and snow from hood, windows, lights, and mirrors before traveling. ✓ Plan extra traveling time in the winter. ✓ Ensure winter clothing does not restrict movement, vision, or hearing. ✓ Ensure fuel tank is full before traveling into the field. ✓ Accelerate and break gently to reduce skidding or spinouts. ✓ Maintain a safe following distance. ✓ Always account for the remoteness of the roads and the possibility of severe weather while traveling in the field. Take changing conditions into account. ✓ Determine if travel is absolutely necessary in extreme weather conditions.

DO NOT:

 Use cruise control on wet or icy roads.  Leave your vehicle if you are stranded, stay calm.

Ice Road Driving

DO:

✓ Follow all practises of Safe Work Practices – Driving and Winter Driving. ✓ Obey all posted signs and speed limits for ice crossings. ✓ Drive only one vehicle at a time over ice bridges. ✓ Watch for rough patches in the delta area. ✓ Watch for sharp and narrow corners in the sand hill area. ✓ Slow down when road workers are present. ✓ Be prepared for emergencies and changing weather conditions – there is no cell coverage, gas stations or road patrols. ✓ Pack surplus gas in extra gas canisters. ✓ Ensure Ice Road Emergency kit is in vehicle, see Fig 1, and used items are replaced. ✓ Dress for extreme conditions and have an extra set of clothing with you. Winter pants, 2 – 3 pairs winter socks, two-piece thermal underwear, mitts, toque and parka or snowmobile suit.

DO NOT:

 Leave your vehicle if stranded, shelter in place.

Fig 1. Ice Road Emergency Kit

Ice Road Emergency Kit Survival Equipment Food • Space blankets • Chocolate • First Aid kit • Freeze dried food • Flashlight and batteries • Salted nuts or granola bars • Candle • Sugar • Lighter/matches • Tea bags, soup, or hot chocolate • Knife with straight and serrated edge • Seat belt cutter

• Rope • Personal medication • Hatchet

• Metal mug • Toilet paper and paper towel • Hand warmer packs • Extra batteries for SPOT device (4-AAA) • Survival Book

Contact information for Fort Chipewyan Ice Road conditions:

RMWB Winter Roads Hotline: 1-866-743-6111 RMWB Construction Hotline: 780-793-1054 Facebook.com/WoodBuffaloRuralCommunityConnection

Note: The Fort Chipewyan Winter Road route can vary slightly from year to year.

5.7 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – ELECTRICAL SAFETY

The voltage of electricity in a regular business has enough power to cause shock, burns or death by electrocution. WBEA requires employees to be aware of this danger and to act accordingly when working with electricity. If an employee is unsure of a task that involves the use of electricity they are obliged to ask for instruction from a competent co-worker or supervisor.

- Inspect all supply cords, and electrical fittings for damage prior to use. Repair or replace damaged equipment. - Use only electrical equipment that is CSA (Canadian Standards Association) approved. - Use cord-connected portable equipment and supply cords suitable for each condition of use. - Do not position outside power cords/cables connections on the ground. Suspend the connection between two orange cones. - Position power cables outside so they will not be affected by adverse weather conditions (i.e. pooling water). - Suspend power cords over walkways or working areas wherever possible or use cable ramps/covers to avoid tripping hazards. - Do not position cords/cables where they will be driven over. - Confirm equipment/tools are in the off position before connecting to a power supply. - Do not break off the third (ground) prong on a plug. - Do not use extension cords as permanent wiring. - Do not disconnect a power cord by pulling or jerking the cord from the outlet. - Do not tie knots in power cords. - Do not overload circuits by plugging several cords into one outlet. - Do not use an extension cord or outlet that feels more than comfortably warm. Unusually warm or hot outlets or cords may be a sign that unsafe wiring exists.

5.8 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – HELICOPTER SAFETY

The pilot of the helicopter is the final authority of all procedures with respect to helicopter travel. Listen to and follow all pilot instructions. If the pilot indicates it is time to leave – stop what you are doing and head to the landing site.

Pre-flight:

- Plan for and be prepared for all types of weather. Ensure you have appropriate clothing and enough food and water for the trip. - If you require medication take extra in the event of delays. - Leave a copy of daily itinerary with the supervisor or ensure the daily itinerary is available to the supervisor through the helicopter company. The supervisor should have a copy of proposed weekly work schedule recognizing schedule may be adjusted due to weather conditions. - Attend pre-flight safety briefing given by the pilot. If you don’t understand something, ask to have it clarified. - If required, ensure you have motion-sickness medication, be aware it can cause drowsiness. Bring your own air-sickness bags. - Consult with pilot on planned itinerary and adjust according to weather conditions and visibility. Carry coordinates of planned locations to be visited. - Brief the pilot on all communications devices you carry (radio, cell phones, SPOT units) and their intended use.

Loading and unloading the helicopter:

- All cargo should be loaded by the pilot or under his/her supervision. - Advise pilot of any hazardous goods (i.e. bear spray, fuel, flammables, air horn). Bear spray MUST be transported in the cargo area of the helicopter. - Only load and unload the helicopter when it is shut down and rotors have stopped. - Load equipment as tightly as possible to prevent shifting. - Ensure cargo door and basket is closed and latched properly.

Embarking/disembarking:

- WBEA policy dictates that employees will embark and disembark a helicopter that has landed but still has rotors turning only after being instructed in the technique by the pilot and the employee has signed off that instruction has been received. - WBEA does not permit employees to ‘hover drop’ from helicopters. - Always make eye contact with the pilot before embarking or approaching the helicopter. Always approach from the front or side regardless of whether the helicopter is running or not. - Never enter the area of the tail rotor. - Always use controlled deliberate movements in and around helicopters. - Never throw items around a helicopter, inside or out. - First person opens and holds the door until all people are seated. - Once seated in the helicopter fasten your seatbelt and put on the headset. - The last person in firmly pulls the door closed and ensures door latch is in closed position. - Advise pilot when you are ready. - Disembark once pilot has indicated it is safe to do so. Always remain in the pilot’s view when departing. - The last person out closes the door and ensures the door latch is in closed position.

Onboard communication:

- Direct the pilot, when required, using the 12-hour clock with the nose of the helicopter being 12:00 o’clock. - Limit radio chatter and stop chatter during take-off and landing.

Field protocol:

- Have pilot circle the area before landing to 1) scan for animals and 2) scare away any animals in the area. If animals are in close proximity to work site a decision can be made to forego site and return on another day. - Sound air horn twice before walking away from helicopter landing pad. If working at a site for any length of time sound the horn twice again to keep animals at bay. - Employees and contractors are to carry their own radio and remain in radio contact with the pilot and with each other while on the ground.

Flying with doors open:

- There may be instances where it is required for WBEA employees or contractors to fly with helicopter doors open (i.e. photography shoots). Lakeshore Helicopter’s unit CGLHV is made specifically for this purpose and is equipped with a door that slides and locks in the open position. This door also has a large window with a second window within it that opens. This would be the preferred method to use. - It is recommended employees and contractors use the open window, if possible, for their requirements. If this is not satisfactory then using the open door will be the second option. - If using the open door persons sitting next to this sliding door are required to wear a safety harness that is secured to an anchor point within the cab. - Employees and contractors are required to understand and follow all the pilot’s instructions while performing this maneuver.

Emergency situation:

- Know the procedure for exiting the helicopter in a crash situation. - Do not panic. - Help others. - Provide first aid to anyone requiring it. - In the event of a crash, turn on the ELT and leave it on. If possible, remove the ELT from the helicopter and set it vertically on the highest nearby point to maximize its transmission range. - Signal an emergency with your SPOT device or use the PANIC button on the SafetyLine app of your cell phone. - Stay with the helicopter and set up a survival camp, if required. - Think through your situation and apply your survival training, stay calm.

5.9 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – LADDERS - FIXED, PORTABLE AND STEP

- Check ladders for defects before use. Tag out if defective or damaged as per Safe Job Procedure - Tag Out Defective Tools and Equipment. - Assess area and ensure there are no overhead power lines before setting up ladder. - Set up ladder on a clean, firm level surface. - All portable ladders are to be equipped with a non-slip base. - Tie straight ladders off to prevent movement. If this is not possible, one employee will hold the base of the ladder while it is being used. - Rails on extension ladders must extend at least 1 meter above the landing to allow for a secure grip while stepping on and off the ladder. - Set straight or extension ladders 30 cm out for every 1 meter up, depending on the length of the ladder. - Always face the ladder when climbing up or down and while working from it. - Maintain 3-point contact when climbing up or down, or working from the ladder. - Never carry tools or materials up a ladder unless they are in a tool pouch/belt. Utilize a hoist rope system to pull materials up after you have climbed the ladder. - Maintain knee contact while working off a ladder. - Do not position ladders against flexible or moveable surfaces. - Keep center of gravity between the rails. Your belt buckle should never be outside of the rails. Reposition the ladder if needed. - Keep boots and rungs clean of mud, ice, grease, or any slippery materials. - Never straddle the space between a ladder and another object. - Keep metal and wooden ladders away from electrical sources. - No work is to be done from the top two rungs of a step ladder, counting the top platform as a rung. - Only use a step ladder in the fully open position with the spreader bars locked. - Use caution when closing a ladder, be aware of pinch points.

5.10 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – MOTOR VEHICLE OPERATION

- To operate a WBEA vehicle you must hold a current, valid driver’s license. - Conduct a pre-trip visual inspection of the vehicle before operating. Correct any defects, if possible, or note and report them. A monthly inspection of the vehicle’s fire extinguisher is required. - Advise lead and fleet manager of any damage noted on the vehicle. - Advise lead, safety coordinator and fleet manager of any incidents or near misses the vehicle is involved in. - Adhere to all traffic regulations and bylaws. NOTE: Any traffic or parking violations are the responsibility of the authorized driver of the vehicle. - Drivers are responsible to ensure the vehicle is equipped with a current first aid kit, emergency road kit and any other supplies the vehicle may require (i.e. windshield washer, snow brush, etc.). - Smoking is not permitted in WBEA vehicles. - Drive defensively and courteously, abide by Safe Work Practice - Driving, Winter Driving, and Ice Road Driving. - Drive to road conditions. - Position your vehicle three seconds behind the vehicle in front of you when driving on highways. - While driving always position your vehicle so you have an ‘out’ if another vehicle moves into your space. - Drivers are prohibited from operating hand held or hands free electronic devices while operating company vehicles. Refer to Electronic Device Use policy. - When parking on the shoulder of a roadway or highway drivers will pull well off roadway, engage the hazard lights of the vehicle and, if leaving the vehicle to perform work, position one warning triangle 30 meters in front of vehicle and warning triangles 30 and 75 meters behind vehicle, as per Alberta Traffic Safety Act, Use of Highway and Rules of Road Regulation, Section 49.1(3). - Back into parking spaces when practical and safe to do so. - Tools, equipment, and materials must be properly secured when being transported. - Keep the vehicle clean, both inside and out. - Do not operate a vehicle when fatigued, under impairment from the consumption of alcohol or drugs, or when then travel authority advises against travel.

5.11 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – OFFICE AND BUILDING SAFETY

- Be familiar with WBEA’s emergency evacuation procedures. Refer to HS&E Manual, Emergency Preparedness. Know where emergency equipment and exits are in your building. - Report any building deficiencies to your lead. - Follow HS&E Manual, Working Alone/ Remotely Policy when working alone. - Set your work area up ergonomically. Refer to HS&E Manual, Ergonomics. - Do not overload electrical outlets and only use electrical cords that are in good condition. - Use fans and space heaters as per manufacturer’s specifications. Do not run cords for these across walkways. Unplug heaters and fans overnight. - Keep all walkways and floors clear and uncluttered. - Have only one drawer of a filing cabinet open at a time. Load a filing cabinet from the bottom up, keeping the bottom drawer the heaviest. - Operate office and kitchen equipment as per manufacturer’s specifications. - Ensure the fan is on when operating the photocopier at the Thickwood office. - Do not store flammables within 3 meters of electrical panels. Keep pathway to electrical panels clear. - Keep blade of paper cutter in closed and locked position when not in use. - Tie loose clothing and jewelry back when operating paper shredder. - Avoid wearing or the use of excessively scented products. - Clean up spills promptly. - Remove tripping hazards. - When moving heavy loads use a dolly, or ask for help. Wear proper footwear when performing this task. - Be extra cautious when moving through the office with hot beverages or food.

FOC Alarm Instructions

Entering the building: - Enter the building with your door entry code. - Alarm panels are located in the hallway opposite the kitchen; inside bay 2, beside the main fire doors; and beside each outside man door in Bay 3. You will have 45 seconds to disarm the alarm. After 45 seconds an alarm will begin sounding but you will still have 15 seconds to disarm the alarm before the monitoring company is alerted. - To Disarm: Press your 4-digit alarm code + 1 (labelled OFF)

Exiting the building: - To Arm: Press your 4-digit alarm code + 2 (labelled ARM) - You will have 45 seconds to leave the building.

If working alone after hours: - To Arm: Press your 4-digit alarm code + 3 (labelled STAY) - This activates the perimeter (door) sensors but not the motion detectors allowing movement inside the building while the outer building is armed.

For any errors press * key and start over. System will also reset itself after a 5 second entry delay.

If monitoring company is alerted to alarm: - If an alarm goes off longer than 15 seconds the monitoring company will be alerted. - The first thing they will do is phone the FOC; they will ring the office phone located in the cubicle closest to the front door.

- ANSWER the phone and give your name and password. • If you do not answer the phone, the next step for the monitoring company is to call the police. • If you do not remember your password ask the monitoring company to contact a key holder to verify your identity. Key holder may ask you a question to verify identity. Key holders are: ▪ AAM Lead ▪ AAM Coordinator ▪ Safety Coordinator ▪ Executive Director

(Monitoring station has contact numbers for all key holders.)

Consolidated Monitoring #1.800.232.7290

Administration Office Alarm Instructions

Entering the building: - Enter the building with your door key. - Proceed immediately to the alarm panel located beside the back door. You will have 60 seconds to disarm the alarm. - To disarm: Enter your 4-digit code

Exiting the building: - To arm: Enter your 4-digit code - You will have 60 seconds to leave the building. Exit the building by the back door, lock the door behind you.

If working alone at night press ⌂ once inside building to arm perimeter alarms. For any entry errors press # key and start over.

If Alarm goes off: - You will have 15 seconds to turn off alarm before the monitoring company is alerted. - If alerted the monitoring company will phone the main line. - ANSWER the phone and give your name and password. • If you do not answer the phone the monitoring company will call the police. • If you do not remember your password ask the monitoring company to phone a key holder to confirm your identity. Key holders are: ▪ Executive Director ▪ Controller ▪ Safety Coordinator

Reliance Protectron # 1.888.462.2950

5.12 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – OPERATION OF POWER TOOLS

- Do not use any tool you are unfamiliar with. Ask for instruction on safe operating procedures and limitations of the tool. - Read and follow the manufacturer`s instructions and warning labels. - Inspect tool, hoses, and electrical cords before each use. Tag out any defective equipment. Do not use damaged or worn tools. Refer to Safe Job Procedure –Defective Tools and Equipment. - Electrical tools must have a 3-wire (grounding) cord and plug unless a double insulated tool. - On/off switches must be functional and positioned so operator has access. - Wear the appropriate PPE appropriate for the hazards you may be exposed to while using the tool. - Select the right tool for the job, do not substitute. - Maintain tools in good working condition. Keep tools clean and dry and store properly after use. - Ensure all tool guards are in place. - Avoid using hand tools with wrist bent. Use tools designed to allow wrist to stay straight. - Unplug equipment when not in use. - Only use accessories that are designed for the specified tool. - Saw blades must be designed for the product being cut and at the rated speed; O.E.M. guards must be in place and functional. - Keep the work environment clean and tidy. - Always concentrate on what you are doing while operating power tools.

5.13 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – OPERATION OF WEED TRIMMERS (STIHL FSA 85 & 90)

- Do not use any tool you are unfamiliar with. Ask for instruction on safe operating procedures and limitations of the tool. - Read and follow the manufacturer`s instructions and warning labels. - Before use, and with the battery removed, inspect the blade or rotor for any damage, bent blade, etc. Fix or replace any damaged or defective part(s) prior to use. - The FSA 85 and 90 are similar models of battery powered ‘weed eater’. These trimmers are designed to clear only weeds and grass in station compounds. Do not use these tools for any job except that which they are intended - The FSA 85 is less powerful than the FSA90. The 90 has a longer life battery than the 85. - The FSA 90 units are outfit with a grass blade and the appropriate deflector shield for that blade. The string module can be re-installed on the unit if required, if so, the proper deflector for the string rotor must be re-installed. - The FSA 85 unit in the FOC is outfit with a three finger rotor head. - Always use appropriate guard when operating trimmer. - Wear the appropriate PPE for the hazards you may be exposed to while using this tool. This includes long sleeved shirt and pants, steel toe boots, safety glasses, gloves and hearing protection. Wearing a face shield is also advised by the manufacturer. Wear a dust mask, if required. - During transport and adjustments to the blade, string rotor, handle or any part of the unit, the trimmer must be set to the locked position and the battery must be removed. - Stay alert. Always concentrate on what you are doing and be focused on the rotating blade or rotor during operation. - Do not force trimmer. - Be conscious that rocks or debris could still ricochet and hit you even with the deflector shield. - The blade has a rider plate attached beneath it to provide space between the ground and the blade. Be very conscious that you are cutting weeds in gravel compounds and that rocks can easily be thrown by the blade. Try to maintain ground clearance during operation. - Operate by swinging the trimmer back and forth in an arc ahead of you. - Do not operate while other people are in a 15-meter radius of your work area. - When using the blade, be aware of the risk of kickback when the blade contacts a solid object such as a tree trunk, branch or rock. Kickback is when the machine is thrown to the right or rear, opposite to the direction of the blades rotation. Avoid contact with fences, walls, rocks, trees, etc.

5.14 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – PIERCE POINTS IN WALLS

- Only perform work for which you are qualified. - Before drilling into any wall in a building use a stud finder to locate centres of studs. Studs are usually located on 16” centers. - For shelters, determine where the stud or wall rib is depending on the shelter make. This can be done looking for screws on the inside of wood frame buildings or the joints on the outside of ITB shelters. - Before piercing or drilling into a wall check both the inside and outside of the wall for indications of where any wires or pipes may be running. o Plumbing pipes usually run directly to where they are needed. o Avoid drilling directly above or below a receptacle or light switch. Electrical wires are run vertically up and down studs from receptacles and switches. o Avoid drilling at the same height as receptacles and up to 12” above them. Electrical wires run horizontally are usually run directly between or up to 12” above receptacles. o Only drill to a depth of the wall surface material. Wiring usually runs behind drywall or aluminum panels on ITB stations. Put a piece of tape around drill bit to act as a depth guide to only pierce the wall panel (inside or outside). Insert a punch or nail into hole to feel if there is anything behind hole like wires, etc. o Never use a screw longer than is absolutely necessary. For drywall use 1 ¼” screws. - If unsure if the area is clear of obstructions drill a small hole and insert a punch or nail into the hole to ‘feel’ for obstacles. - When hitting any resistance back the drill off unless you know exactly what you are drilling into.

5.15 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – POLE PRUNER USE

Overview - Pole pruners are designed for light to medium trimming of elevated tree limbs and branches. - In the context of the WBEA TEEM Program, pole pruners are used to excise branches for needle sampling and internode length measurements.

Hazards - Common hazards and risks of using a pole pruner include: o Contacting power line o Being struck by falling objects e.g. branches, leaves, other debris o Musculoskeletal disorders o Tripping on cut debris o Fatigue from looking up and operating o Tool instability in long-reaching position o Striking others in work area with pruner

PPE requirements - Close-toed footwear - Hard hat or helmet - Eye protection (e.g. safety glasses or face shield) - Hand protection - Appropriate clothing (e.g. long sleeved, snug fitting clothing)

Control measures - Wear required PPE at all times. - Conduct pre-operation checks on equipment to ensure it has been set up correctly and is operating to optimum performance. - Ensure a #2 First Aid kit is within 20 meters of the work area. - Complete a walkaround of the immediate work area prior to starting. Look for obstacles that may need to be removed. - Do not operate pruner near power lines. - Never work alone. - Work area should be cordoned off if necessary; i.e. other workers in area. - Do not cut metal, sheet metal, plastics or any non-wood materials. - Pole sections should be securely connected with a pin or bolt to eliminate the possibility of sections coming apart when elevated. - Operators should not stand directly under the branch being removed. - Care should also be taken to minimize the risk of musculoskeletal disorders when using such equipment as long- handled tools can become difficult and tiring to operate after prolonged use. Avoid long periods of use. Take regular breaks. - Do not perform tree trimming work in adverse weather conditions. Do not work under trees during periods of high winds or heavy precipitation. - Share the work load with others. - Operate the pole saw with two hands. - Keep the work site clear of cut branches and related debris. - Take special care when operating a pole saw in slippery conditions e.g. damp, snow or ice, on slopes or uneven ground.

5.16 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – REFUELING EQUIPMENT

- Ensure the refueling area is well ventilated. - Wear proper PPE; gloves and safety glasses are required when refueling equipment with a gas can (jerry can) or any other fueling device that does not have a splash guard. - Ensure equipment is turned off and has cooled down prior to refueling. - Always concentrate on the task at hand, do not become distracted while refueling. - Be aware of the location of the nearest fire extinguisher. - Ensure there is no smoking or open flame in the vicinity. - Do not overfill fuel tank. Allow for fuel expansion during hot weather. - Avoid spillage on equipment or ground. If there is spillage clean up immediately with proper materials. - Place gas can on the ground when being filled, do not fill while in bed of truck. - Ensure cell phone is turned off during refueling. - Remove any clothing that has absorbed fuel and wash area thoroughly.

5.17 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – STORAGE

- Ensure materials are stored with the heaviest items on bottom shelves. - Item stored on shelving should not extend beyond the front of the shelf or rack. - All pallets must not have lengths of strapping or shrink wrap material left loose to prevent slip/trip hazards. - Anything stored in electrical rooms will be in non-flammable containers, will leave a clear access to electrical panels and will not be within 1 meter of electrical panels. - All chemicals and gases will be stored as advised on the SDS. - Ensure flammable products are not stored near an ignition source. - Keep storage areas clean and tidy.

5.18 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – UTILITY KNIFE USE

Do: ✓ Choose the right cutting tool for the job. ✓ Inspect knife before use. If blade is broken, chipped or dull replace it. If blade is tearing the material rather than cutting it replace the blade. ✓ Always use a sharp blade. Dull blades are a safety hazard, excessive force can lead to knife slippage. ✓ To replace a blade: o Wear protective gloves and safety glasses. o Extend blade to its break line or just past it. o Use pliers to apply pressure to the blade until it breaks off. o Dispose of blade safely. ✓ Place the material to be cut on a flat, stable surface. ✓ Determine the thickness of the material to be cut and adjust the blade to the correct depth, do not use too much blade. ✓ Stabilize the object being cut with your hand. ✓ Make a mental note of the cutting line before you start cutting, ensure hand and body are away from the cutting line. ✓ Hold the handle of the knife firmly and angled slightly upward. ✓ Stay focused on the cutting job. ✓ Make several passes when cutting thicker materials. ✓ Retract blade immediately following use.

Fig. 1. Correct body and hand positioning

Do not:  Use a utility knife for other than its intended purpose.  Twist or gouge the material being cut as this may cause the blade to snap.  Leave the knife blade extended when not in use or stored.  Extend the blade beyond one blade segment.  Try to catch a falling utility knife.

5.19 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – VEHICLE RECOVERY

WBEA employees and contractors are not to attempt a vehicle recovery operation (towing) if they have not been trained in the process. Employees are responsible to follow defined practices for vehicle recovery and only attempt recovery if trained and competent to do so. Employees are responsible to contact their lead for permission before any recovery is attempted.

Recovery Guidelines

• Initial attempts at vehicle recovery should include: o shoveling out the vehicle o using sand, if sand bag is on board, for traction o using tree branches for traction o rocking the vehicle by shifting between forward and reverse gears in a steady pattern, pressing lightly on the accelerator in each gear and stopping between shifts. Spinning tires will only sink the vehicle further. o In all instances, move tires slowly to allow the tire tread to do the work.

If the above does not work and a lead had been consulted and given permission for an employee attempted vehicle recovery follow the procedures below:

• Only use equipment that is properly rated for the situation, is clean and in good condition. If in doubt, don’t use it. • Vehicle Recovery Straps are nylon straps without hooks that can stretch under load, and have loops sewn into either end. Recovery straps should be rated with a Minimum Breaking Strength (MBS) between 2 and 3 times the vehicle’s gross vehicle mass (GVM) which can be found on the vehicle’s identification plate or registration certificate. Recovery straps must be suited to the GVM of the lighter of the two vehicles used in the recovery process. • Be aware that the recovery strap will be under a greater load if the vehicle is bogged down in mud or sand. If the stuck vehicle is bottomed out, clear under the vehicle body as much as possible. • A recovery strap’s strength and stretch are reduced when saturated. • Recovery straps should only be attached at recovery point locations on vehicles that are suitably rated for recovery use. Do not attach to bumpers, axles, suspension, steering rods, or trailer hitch balls. The attach point must be to a secure place on the vehicle frame. • Use correctly ‘Load Rated’ shackles to attach recovery straps to vehicle. Shackles should be rated at least 3.25t. To correctly tighten shackle pins, screw the pin until it seats and then back off ½ to 1 turn to avoid seized pins. • The joining of straps should be avoided whenever possible. NEVER use metal objects to join straps as these could turn into projectiles if the connection fails. • Leave 2 – 3 meters of strap lying between the vehicles. • Hang a blanket, tarp, or jackets over the middle of the recovery strap to act as a damper should the strap break. • Establish agreed signals between vehicle drivers, either hand or horn signals, and the agreed upon point to which the stranded vehicle is to be recovered. • Only the drivers of each vehicle should be in the vehicles. Bystanders should stay at least 1.5 times the unstretched strap length away, to the side of the line of recovery. NEVER stand between the vehicles while recovery is in operation. • While maintaining communication the recovery vehicle should gently accelerate, taking up the slack and proceed no faster than 10 – 12 km/h. The stranded vehicle should be in 1st gear (or 2nd Low) and the driver should assist by trying to drive out approximately 3 seconds from when the recovery vehicle moves off. • NOTE: Excessive speed or continual jerking action may result in damage to the recovery point, chassis, or drive line of one or both vehicles. • If the vehicle is not recovered on the first attempt, check under the stranded vehicle for obstacles. Reset the slack in the recovery strap and try a second attempt with a little more speed from the recovery vehicle. • When the stranded vehicle reaches the agreed upon point the driver should signal and the recovery vehicle will stop, then the stranded vehicle should stop. • Remove the strap only once both vehicles are parked and turned off. 92

• Never allow a strap to rub against a sharp or hot surface.

Recovery Strap Maintenance

• Clean strap with water and mild detergent, if needed, and allow to dry before coiling back up for storage. • Recovery straps require rest periods between use to return to their original length and capacity. • Check full length strap for nicks and cuts before and after use. If red fibers are showing on strap or there are visible signs of damage, discard it. • Inspect shackles for damage; if pins are hard to turn the shackle has been overstressed, replace it.

5.20 SAFE WORK PRACTICE - WEATHER

Employees are also responsible to monitor daily weather forecasts and to equip themselves according to conditions. Monitoring both themselves and co-workers for symptoms of extreme temperature exposure is an ongoing responsibility for everyone working in extreme elements.

Employees are responsible to employ their SafetyLine Monitoring app before leaving the FOC parking lot to work in the field.

Cold Weather Safety The frequency of incidents is higher in cold weather because cold weather affects dexterity and slows reflexes affecting the use of hands and fingers when performing tasks. Cold reduces muscle power and the skin’s ability to sense temperature and pain. Extreme cold adversely affects mental skill and coordination. Allowances must be made for this by both the employee and the lead when planning work schedules.

Leads and/or employees should, if possible, schedule the coldest part of the work for the warmest part of the day and reorganize work procedures to minimize sitting or standing for long periods.

Employees are responsible to: - Dress appropriately. • Wear at least three layers of loose-fitting clothes. Air between layers provides warmth. ▪ An outer layer that is windproof but still allows some ventilation. ▪ A middle layer of wool, quilted fibers, or synthetic fleece to create an insulation layer. ▪ An inner layer of synthetic fabric or wool to provide ventilation and allow moisture to escape. The inner layer should not be cotton. Cotton stays wet and speeds heat loss. ▪ Have a change of clothes available in case clothing gets wet. ▪ Dirty or greasy clothing has poor insulating properties. - Protect hands, head, feet, and face. • Wear mittens rather than gloves where possible. Use a nylon over-mitt which can easily be taken on and off if gloves are necessary. • Keep head and ears covered. Up to 40 to 50% of body heat can be lost when the head is exposed. • Wear woolen socks and carry an extra pair. Change when wet from moisture or sweat. • Wear a face mask or balaclava when working outside in very cold conditions. - Protect vision by using appropriate sunglasses while working in snow and ice on bright days. - Use a work/warm up schedule as per the attached Threshold Limit Values Work/Warm-Up Schedule for Four-Hour Shift. - Stay hydrated by drinking warm, sweet, caffeine-free, non-alcohol drinks and soups. - Always be prepared to adjust work plan as conditions change throughout the day. - Be familiar with Signs/Symptoms of Cold Exposure.

Avoid sweating as sweat dampened clothing loses its insulation factor. Once work starts and the body begins to warm remove clothing in the following sequence:

- Remove gloves/mittens, unless needed to protect hands from snow and ice. - Remove headgear and neck wrapping. - Open jacket at waist and sleeves. - Remove outer layer of clothing. - Once work is complete replace clothing before you start to feel cold.

Note: Employees not used to work in cold temperatures must adjust to the cold for 5 – 7 days before being expected to be fully productive.

*The recommended exposure times are based on working a 4-hour period with moderate or heavy activity. The warm-up break periods are 10 minutes in duration in a warm location, ‘normal breaks’ are assumed to be taken every two hours. At the end of the 4-hour period, an extended break (lunch break) in a warm location is recommended.

Resources: For more information follow the link http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/phys_agents/cold_working.html

Wind Chill Factor Wind Chill is another factor to consider in cold temperatures.

Exposed flesh freezes within one minute at -29° C when wind speed is 8 km/h. When wind speed increases to 32 km/h flesh will freeze at -12° C.

The following is a guide to help estimate wind speed:

8 km/h – moves a light flag 16 km/h – fully extends a light flag 24 km/h – raises a newspaper sheet 32 km/h – blowing and drifting snow

Signs/Symptoms of Cold Exposure and First Aid Cold can have both mental and physical effects that employees need to be aware of.

Mental Changes – loss of alertness, slurred speech, fatigue, lethargy, or apathy.

Physical Responses – general discomfort (feeling cold), loss of sensitivity and dexterity of fingers, hands, and toes. At lower temperatures, deep muscles can be affected, reducing muscle strength and flexibility.

In temperature extremes, either hot or cold, employees should watch for signs of unusual “umbles” in themselves and their co- workers. Stumbles, mumbles, fumbles, and grumbles are all warning signs that the individual is not coping well with the temperature and their condition should be investigated further.

Frostbite Freezing of exposed body parts can cause either frost nip where the top layer of skin freezes, turns white and feels hard while the deeper tissue still feels soft; or frostbite where ice forms in the skin and underlying tissue and destroys it. Frostbite usually affects the extremities (i.e. nose, fingers, toes, cheek, and chin).

Symptoms: Early symptoms first include inflammation (redness and swelling) accompanied by pain, numbness, or a burning sensation. The affected part becomes pale. Frostbite is serious if the skin starts to harden and turn blotchy or blue.

First Aid: • MOVE to a warm place and apply gentle warmth to the affected area. • BLOW on affected fingers or use other body warmth to warm the affected parts. • IMMERSE the affected area in lukewarm, not hot, water. • REMOVE tight clothes and jewelry. • DO NOT RUB the affected area as ice crystals in the skin could cause further damage. • DO NOT BREAK blisters that form as a result of frostbite. • DO NOT THAW frostbitten skin unless you are sure it will not refreeze. • COVER the affected area loosely with sterile dressing and elevate the affected area, frostbitten skin is highly susceptible to infection. • SEEK medical help as soon as possible.

Hypothermia Hypothermia is caused by too much heat loss causing the inner body temperature to lower to dangerous levels. Risk of hypothermia is high if a person is cold, wet, tired, hungry, irritable, and uncomfortable.

Symptoms: Early signs include shivering, goose bumps, blue lips and finger tips, slurred speech, impaired judgment, numb hands, and the inability to perform complex tasks with the hands. Moderate signs are violent shivering, stumbling pace, difficulty speaking, amnesia starts to appear, signs of depression or withdrawal. Use a sobriety test – if the person is unable to walk a 9-metre straight line, they are likely hypothermic. Any employee who was shivering but has now stopped is in extreme danger for hypothermia. The survival of the victim depends on their co-worker’s ability to recognize the symptoms, the victim is generally unable to notice his or her own condition as mental function is severely impaired. The desire or ability to seek protection from cold is lost. The heart rate is slowed and it may be difficult to feel the pulse rate of the victim. Extreme cases can closely mimic death.

First Aid:

• HELP or carry the person to a warm shelter as soon as you notice the first signs of hypothermia. • USE a blanket and body-to-body heat to warm the person. • GIVE dry clothes to a person removed from cold water, or cover the person with a plastic sheet or a rain coat. • GIVE a conscious victim warm, non-alcohol drinks in small quantities. • DO NOT USE alcohol as a warming agent. It interferes with your ability to retain heat. • DO NOT SUBMERGE a victim in hot water or a hot shower. This could result in rewarming shock which could be fatal. • DO NOT ALLOW a hypothermia victim to exert themselves. Physical exertion may cause heart failure and death. • SEEK immediate medical attention.

Icy Conditions In cold temperatures assume that all wet, dark areas on pavement are slippery and icy. It is important to be constantly aware of your footing in winter weather conditions.

• Traction-aids are recommended with the appropriate footwear when working in icy conditions. • Use special care when entering and exiting vehicles; use the vehicle for support. • Be aware of and avoid or flag off areas, or entering and exiting buildings where icicles may drop on you like spears. • Walk like a penguin. Point your feet out a bit, bend slightly and walk flat footed with your center of gravity over your feet. Extend your arms out to your sides. Take short steps or shuffle. • Take your time and watch where you are stepping. • Keep your hands out of your pockets. • If you do fall, try to relax your muscles. You`ll injure yourself less if you are relaxed.

Blizzard/Strong Winds In extreme blizzard or strong wind conditions employees are encouraged to shelter in place and wait out the storm, if in a safe location. Contact your lead to advise of your actions. If safe to do so, secure materials that may become dislodged in the wind. If driving, pull safely off the road, engage four-way flashers, and wait out the storm.

Hot Weather Safety Employees exposed to working in hot temperatures may be at risk of heat illness. Heat illness, which ranges from discomfort to heat stroke, occurs when the body cannot sufficiently cool itself.

Leads are responsible to: - Schedule employees to work with a buddy if employees are required to work outside for any length of time in extreme heat in remote areas. 97

- Ensure employees are trained for hot weather operations.

Employees are responsible to: - Wear light colored, loose-fitting, breathable clothing. Avoid synthetics. - Wear the proper footwear for the task. - Be aware protective clothing or PPE may increase the risk of heat illness. - Acclimatize, gradually build up to heavy physical work. - Schedule heavy work during the coolest parts of day. - Take short, frequent breaks rather than long, infrequent breaks. - Eat light meals; heavy, fatty foods are harder on the digestive system. - Stay hydrated: • Drink water before starting work. • Drink 1 cup of water every 15 – 20 minutes. • Avoid drinks with caffeine or large amounts of sugar. • Do not wait until thirsty before drinking fluids.

Remember that lack of sleep, obesity, alcohol use and similar factors can increase the risk of heat related injuries. Drinking sports beverages is effective for replacing electrolytes if employee is sweating profusely for prolonged periods. Salt tablets are not recommended as adequate salt is acquired through regular meals.

PERMISSIBLE HEAT EXPOSURE THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE Work/rest regimen Light Moderate Heavy

Continuous work 30.0°C (86°F) 26.7°C (80°F) 25.0°C (77°F)

75% Work, 25% rest, each hour 30.6°C (87°F) 28.0°C (82°F) 25.9°C (78°F)

50% Work, 50% rest, each hour 31.4°C (89°F) 29.4°C (85°F) 27.9°C (82°F)

25% Work, 75% rest, each hour 32.2°C (90°F) 31.1°C (88°F) 30.0°C (86°F)

These TLV's assume that nearly all acclimatized, fully clothed employees with adequate water and salt intake should be able to function effectively under the given working conditions without exceeding a deep body temperature of 38°C (100.4° F). These TLV's apply to physically fit and acclimatized individuals wearing light summer clothing.

Resources: For more information go to http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/phys_agents/hot_cold.html

Types of Heat Illness A summary of heat-illness, causes, symptoms, first aid and prevention is presented in the table below.

Cause Symptoms First Aid Prevention

Heat Rash Hot humid environment; Red bumpy rash with severe Change into dry clothes and avoid Wash regularly to keep skin clean plugged sweat glands. itching. hot environments. Rinse skin with and dry. cool water. Dusting powder may be used to increase comfort.

Heat Heavy sweating from strenuous Painful cramps occur commonly in Move to a cool area; loosen Reduce activity levels and/or heat Cramps physical activity drains a person’s the most worked muscles (arms, legs, clothing, gently massage exposure. Drink fluids regularly. body of fluid and salt, which cannot or stomach); this can happen and stretch affected muscles and Workers should check on each other be replaced just by drinking water. suddenly at work or later at home. drink cool salted water (1½ to 2½ to help spot the symptoms that Heat cramps occur from salt Heat cramps are serious mL salt in 1 liter often precede heat stroke. imbalance resulting from failure to because they can be a warning of water) or balanced replace salt lost from heavy of other more dangerous heat- commercial fluid electrolyte sweating. induced illnesses. replacement beverage. If the cramps are severe or don’t go away after salt and fluid replacement, seek medical aid. Salt tablets are not recommended.

Fainting Fluid loss, inadequate water intake Light headed and dizzy. Sudden GET MEDICAL ATTENTION. Assess Reduce activity levels and/or heat and standing still, resulting in fainting after at least two hours of need for cardiopulmonary exposure. Drink fluids regularly. decreased blood flow to brain. work; cool moist skin; weak pulse. resuscitation (CPR). Move to a cool Move around and avoid standing in Usually occurs in un-acclimatized area; loosen clothing; have the one place for too long. Workers persons. person lie down; and if the person is should check on each other to help conscious, offer sips of cool water. spot the symptoms that often Fainting may also be due to other precede heat stroke. illnesses.

Heat Fluid loss and inadequate salt and Heavy sweating; cool moist skin; GET MEDICAL ATTENTION. This Reduce activity levels and/or heat Exhaustion water intake causes a person's body temperature over condition can lead to heat stroke, exposure. Drink fluids regularly. body's cooling system to start to 38°C; weak pulse; normal or low which can cause death quickly. Workers should check on each other break down. blood pressure; person is Move the person to a cool shaded to help spot the symptoms that tired and weak, and has nausea and area; loosen or remove excess often precede heat stroke. vomiting; is very thirsty; or is clothing; provide cool water to drink; fan and spray with cool panting or breathing rapidly; vision water or soak clothing in cool may be blurred. water. Do not leave affected person alone.

Heat If a person's body has used up all High body temperature (over CALL AMBULANCE. This condition Reduce activity levels and/or heat Stroke its water and salt reserves, it will 41°C) and any one of the following: can kill a person quickly. Remove exposure. Drink fluids regularly. stop sweating. This can cause body the person is weak, confused, upset, excess clothing; fan and spray the Workers should check on each other temperature to rise. Heat stroke or acting strangely; has hot, dry, red person with cool water or soak to help spot the symptoms that may develop suddenly or may skin; a fast pulse; throbbing clothing in cool water; offer sips of often precede heat stroke. follow from heat exhaustion. headache or dizziness. In later cool water if the person is stages, a person may pass out and conscious. have convulsions.

Resources: For more information follow this link to the OHSA website https://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/otm/otm_iii/otm_iii_4.html#iii:4_2

Thunder and Lightning Storms

Thunderstorms are most likely to occur in the afternoon in late spring or summer months. They can develop in as little as 15 minutes and can result in severe weather conditions including heavy rain, strong winds, hail, and lightning. If you can hear thunder, you are in danger of being hit by lightning.

Employees are responsible to: - Check daily weather forecasts if outdoor work is required. - Schedule outdoor work in the morning, if possible.

When working outdoors: - Identify safe places (fully enclosed buildings or a metal-roofed vehicle) and determine how long it will take to reach them. - Continually monitor the sky for developing thunderstorms. - If on or near water, get off the water and away from the shore as quickly as possible. - If caught outdoors in an exposed area stay away from tall isolated objects. Take shelter in a forest or low-lying area, but be aware of possible flooding. Do NOT lie on the ground, stay in a crouched position with feet together and hands over ears. If in a group stay at least 3 meters apart. - If skin is tingling or hair is standing on end immediately get into a crouched position with hands covering ears, lightning is building to strike.

When working in an Air Monitoring Station: - Do not handle electronic equipment. - Leave the station, if it is safe to do so, and shelter in a vehicle with the windows closed.

Do not resume work until 30 minutes after the last rumble of thunder or flash of lightning. First Aid: • Lightning victims do not carry an electric charge and are safe to touch. • Give first aid, if breathing has stopped administer CPR. • Victims may be suffering from burns or shock. Call for help.

TEEM Temperature Thresholds

Due to the nature of TEEM field work and the distinct requirements of passive sample collection WBEA has developed a minimum/maximum temperature threshold for field work and passive sample collection. Employees can reschedule field work and/or passive sample collection after discussion with their lead if outside temperatures reach -27° C with the wind chill or 30°C with the Humidex.

Cold Weather Work in Remote Areas (TEEM) Employees working in remote areas are required to follow Working Alone - Remotely procedures, WBEA HS&E Manual.

Leads are responsible to: - Schedule employees to work with a co-worker if employees are required to work outside for any length of time in remote areas in extreme weather conditions. - Ensure employees are trained for cold weather operations.

Employees are responsible to: - Create a list of clothing to carry. - Develop a cold weather kit which would include items for emergency survival. - Have plenty juices, water, fruits, nuts, raisins, and other high energy food available. - Bring more food and fluids than needed. - Orient themselves with WBEA cold weather policies and procedures. - Monitor each other for symptoms of cold weather exposure. 100

- Use the Safetyline monitoring system.

When at work site:

- Identify a warm shelter nearby in case of frostbite or hypothermia. - Drink enough fluids to replace fluids lost through breathing and perspiration. Dehydration increases risk of hypothermia. - Do not work alone. If employees are required to work in extreme temperatures for any length of time employees should be scheduled to work with a co-worker. The ‘buddy system’ enables employees to observe each other for early signs of frostbite and hypothermia. - Do not risk frostbite. If you previously suffered from frostbite you might be extremely sensitive to the cold.

Passive Sample Collection in Extreme Cold Temperature Passive sample collection requires dexterity of the fingers along with the need to wear latex gloves to avoid contamination of samples. Due to these factors employees are unable to wear gloves that will sufficiently protect their hands from frostbite while collecting passive samples in extremely cold temperatures. Employees need to be aware of early signs of frostbite and act accordingly.

Passive samples are collected every month in the spring, summer and fall and every second month in the winter months to reduce employee exposure to extreme temperatures. The schedule is as follows: February, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, and December are collection months. January, March, and November are excluded.

Employees are to check weather forecasts and schedule passive sample collection around extreme temperatures in December through February recognizing the need to collect samples as close to the same time each month as possible. Employees will, where possible, schedule cold work for the warmest part of the day.

Employees are encouraged to work within a work/warm-up schedule that is relevant to that day’s temperatures and use air monitoring stations or their trucks as warming stations. During helicopter runs employees will, when possible, use the helicopter as a shelter in conjunction with hand warmers to rewarm the hands.

Employees are encouraged to work with their back to the wind, if possible, to protect their hands and not to sit or kneel on cold, unprotected surfaces.

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5.21 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – WHMIS REQUIREMENTS

All WBEA employees are required to take WHMIS training.

WBEA employees are not responsible for handling hazardous waste. If it is necessary to handle, ship or dispose of hazardous waste materials trained, qualified personnel will be contacted to handle the disposal.

- Advise the Safety Coordinator if new controlled products are brought into a WBEA facility. - Ensure all controlled products and hazardous materials have the proper label affixed. o The product’s original container must have a Supplier label fixed to it. o Any container missing a label, with the contents verified, must have a Workplace label fixed to it. o Containers with no labels and unknown contents are to be tagged out “Unknown Contents” and given to the Lead or Safety Coordinator for proper disposal. - Ensure a Safety Data Sheet (SDS) has been obtained. - Review SDS before using an unfamiliar controlled product. - Follow SDS recommendations when using controlled products. - Include WHMIS hazards when assessing job hazards.

Note: SDS binders are located at both the Administration Office and FOC locations.

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5.22 SAFE WORK PRACTICE – WORKING IN AREAS WITH HIGH NOISE LEVELS

Working unprotected with high noise levels can cause permanent damage to employee’s hearing, interfere with employee’s concentration while performing mental work, and cause employees undue stress. WBEA requires all employees to wear hearing protection whenever they are exposed to equipment with a decibel reading over 85 dBA TWA (time weighted average) for extended periods of time.

While the pumps and analyzers in WBEA air monitoring stations fall below hearing protection level requirements WBEA provides personal ear muffs for all technicians who work in air monitoring stations on a regular basis.

Wapasu - AMS 17 The Remtech Wind Profiler stationed at AMS 17 sounds every 20 seconds. These sound pulses exceed 85 dBA, requiring notification and protection, depending where you are located in relation to the Profiler, see Table 1.

Employee responsibilities: - To don foam ear plugs or head phones before entering the AMS 17 compound. - To wear head phones if working on or near the Wind Profiler. - To ensure all visitors to the station following the hearing protection protocols.

Table 1 Wapasu/AMS 17 High dBA reading Low dBA reading measurement location Outside compound gate 75 dBA 61 dBA Parking area, outside station door 76 dBA 70 dBA Inside station 68 dBA 60 dBA Sample deck beside Remtech deck 90 dBA 79 dBA Directly beside Remtech 108 dBA 78 dBA

Pump Room at FOC Equipment in the Pump Room at the FOC runs constantly at 88 – 90 dBA, requiring notification and protection. To protect employees in the area the door to the pump room should remain closed at all times. Employees entering the pump room are required to don hearing protection.

Employee responsibilities: - To don foam ear plugs when entering the pump room.

Table 2 FOC Pump Room Measurements Inside Pump Room Outside Pump Room 90 dBA 74 dBA

Fort McKay - AMS 01 The Hi-Vol P.M. Samplers at AMS 01 are scheduled to sample every third day for 24 hour stretches starting at 12:00 am. When running the noise level beside these samplers’ peaks at 115 dBA. The TISCH sampler on the first deck in the compound also reaches readings of 85 – 99 dBA while sampling. Employees on site at AMS 01 on sample days are required to wear hearing protection when working around the AMS 01 compound.

Employee responsibilities: - To don foam ear plugs when working in the AMS 01 compound on Hi-Vol P.M. sample days. - To ensure all visitors to AMS 01 don hearing protection when entering the compound on sample days.

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Table 3 AMS 01 Measurement Location dBA reading Parking area outside compound 70 dBA Outside station door 77 dBA Inside station 69 dBA On Deck 1 85 dBA Beside TISCH sampler 1 (Deck 1) 99 dBA On Deck 3 (Hi-Vol deck) 85 dBA Beside Hi-Vol 2 115 dBA Beside Hi-Vol 3 97 dBA

Table 4, AMS 01 Compound, Not to Scale

2 3 Deck 2 Deck 3

Parking area

Deck 1

1 Station

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6.SAFE JOB PROCEDURE POLICY

It is the policy of WBEA to develop Safe Job Procedures to be used as standards on how tasks are to be performed to alleviate worker injury and property damage. Safe Job Procedures are the steps to take to complete a task safely and without incident.

Worker input is encouraged in the formulation and review of all Safe Job Procedures.

WBEA takes care when preparing or editing safe work practices and safe job procedures to ensure that they meet or exceed all applicable legislation, industry standards and OH&S regulations.

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6.1 SAFE JOB PROCEDURE – CLEANING SHOP SINK TRAP

Cleaning of the trap box behind the shop sink should be scheduled biannually at a minimum. It is the lead’s responsibility to schedule the cleaning.

Required tools: - Hex key - Hose - Flat head screw driver - Spray nozzle - Large bucket - Large spoon - Small bucket or container

Required PPE: - Rubber gloves - Safety glasses

1) Using hex key, unscrew the center screw on box lid. Remove the cover using the flat head screwdriver as a pry bar. 2) Remove as much water from the large compartment as possible using the small bucket. Dispose of water down manhole cover outside Bay 1. 3) Check the first two compartments for large chunks or blockages with large spoon. 4) Check end drain for blockages. 5) Attach hose and nozzle to threaded sink tap. 6) Place nozzle in largest compartment first and fill compartment with water until it reaches a stable point where the water supply is not greater than the draining capacity (not overflowing). Run the hose until the water is clear in the large compartment and there is no sludge on the bottom on the tank. This takes about an hour. 7) Note: The sludge build-up is caused by flushing dirty water and materials down the sink without enough water to flush the dirt through the system. 8) Once the largest compartment is clean move the nozzle to the first compartment, maintaining the same flow. The flushing of this compartment will take approx. half an hour. 9) Once compartments are clean remove hose, replace cover and retighten middle screw.

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6.2 SAFE JOB PROCEDURE – CLEANING UP AFTER RODENTS

Upon observing rodent droppings or rodent nesting materials employees are required to leave the area/station and contact the safety coordinator. If the nesting materials/droppings would approximately cover a letter sized piece of paper or more the Safety Coordinator will contact professionals to clean up the infestation. If droppings or nesting material amount is less than a letter sized piece of paper employees are required to clean the area with the following procedures.

Never stir up dust by sweeping or vacuuming droppings, urine, or nesting materials. If dust has been kicked up leave area and air out for 30 minutes before proceeding with clean up.

Cleaning up dead rodents or nests:

- Wear rubber, latex or vinyl gloves. - Spray the dead rodent or nest and surrounding area with disinfectant spray (must say ‘disinfectant’ on label) or bleach solution (1-part bleach/10-parts water). - Let soak for 5 minutes before wiping up with a paper towel or disposable rag. - Place the dead rodent or nest in a plastic bag and seal tightly. - Wipe area with disinfectant or bleach solution. Throw used paper towel or rags into garbage bag. - Place the full bag in a second bag and seal. - Throw the bag into outside garbage bin. - Wash gloved hands thoroughly with soap and water or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. - Remove gloves as per the Removing Gloves Safely procedure and thoroughly wash hands or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Dispose of gloves.

Cleaning up urine and droppings:

- Wear rubber, latex or vinyl gloves. - Spray the urine and droppings with disinfectant spray (must say ‘disinfectant’ on label) or bleach solution (1-part bleach/10-parts water). - Let soak for 5 minutes. - Use a paper towel to pick up the urine and droppings, seal in a plastic bag and dispose of in the outside garbage bin. - After the rodent droppings and urine have been removed, disinfect all items that might have been contaminated by rodents or their urine and droppings. - Mop floors and clean countertops with a disinfectant or bleach solution. - Wash gloved hands with soap and water or spray them with disinfectant. - Remove gloves as per the Removing Gloves Safely procedure and wash hands again with soap and water.

If planning on reusing a mouse trap disinfect it after removing the rodent. Dispose of any cardboard contaminated with urine or droppings. If able to locate the rodent’s point of entry plug it with steel wool.

Removing Gloves Safely To remove gloves without spreading germs, never touch your skin with the outside of either glove. Follow these steps:

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1. 2. • Grasp the palm of one glove near your wrist. • Hold the glove in the palm of the still-gloved hand. • Carefully pull the glove off. • Slip 2 fingers under the wrist of the remaining glove. • Being careful not to drop any contaminated material off the glove.

3. • Pull the glove until it comes off inside out. • The first glove should end up inside the glove you just took off. • Dispose of the gloves safely.

Hand Washing 101

• Get hands wet.

• Use soap. It does not have to be antibacterial.

• Work up a lather. Wash both sides of hands, between fingers, around and under fingernails.

• Wash hands vigorously for 15 – 20 seconds.

• Rinse hands thoroughly.

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6.3 SAFE JOB PROCEDURE – FIRE EXTINGUISHER USE

1) Stay calm. 2) Sound the alarm to notify building occupants of the fire. Sound an air horn three times, pause and repeat. 3) Instruct someone to call 9-1-1. 4) Attempt to fight the fire ONLY if: a. The fire is still small b. You know how to use a fire extinguisher and the PASS system c. You have a clear exit at your back 5) Grasp the fire extinguisher firmly. 6) Position yourself so that you are between the fire and an exit out of the area. 7) Use the P.A.S.S. technique to extinguish the fire.

Pull the pin Aim at the base of the flames Squeeze the trigger Sweep from side to side

8) Do not turn your back on the fire. 9) If you cannot extinguish the fire within 1 minute, evacuate and call 9-1-1 if they have not already been notified. 10) Once the fire is out, replace the fire extinguisher with a fully charged one.

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6.4 SAFE JOB PROCEDURE – MANUAL LIFTING

Most lifting injuries are due to improper lifting techniques, all manual lifting should be planned and safe lifting practices followed.

- Plan the lift first. Make sure path is free of obstructions. - Test the weight to be lifted. If it is bulky or heavy use a dolly, hand truck, or cart or ask for help. - Use gloves to lift a sharp or heavy load. Wear footwear that will protect the toes when lifting heavy loads. - Break load down into multiple lighter loads, if applicable. - Know how to safely handle controlled WHMIS products. - Avoid reaching while lifting. - Do not lift or carry heavy items by the packing straps.

Lifting:

1) Warm up muscles with light stretching before lifting. 2) Wear the appropriate Personal Protective Equipment. a. Work boots for heavy loads. b. Gloves for sharp and/or heavy loads. 3) Plan the move. a. Clear path of obstructions. b. Visually inspect item for jagged edges, staples or nails sticking out, etc. c. Test the weight of the load, use assistance if required. d. Do not reach and lift. Reposition yourself over the load if required. 4) Stand over the object. 5) Place one foot slightly ahead of the other foot so you are balanced, if possible. 6) Squat down close to the load by bending at the knees, do not bend your knees past 90 degrees. 7) Keep the back straight. 8) Place hands under or around the load, get a good grip with the palms to keep the load from slipping. Palms are stronger than fingers. 9) Using leg muscles lift gradually. Do not jerk or twist. 10) Keep the load close to the body. 11) Rotate body by shifting feet not twisting the body. 12) Take short steps when walking with a load. Watch where you are going.

Lowering:

11) Take a wide stance with one foot in front of the other. 12) Keep the load close to your body. 13) Keep the back straight. Do not bend over when setting a load down. 14) Bend your knees and hips. 15) Set the load down gradually. Avoid a jerky release. 16) Keep the load tilted to protect fingers. 17) Stand up smoothly, easing the muscles.

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6.5 SAFE JOB PROCEDURE – TAG OUT DEFECTIVE TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

Field Operations Centre

1. Remove the damaged/defective tool or equipment from service. 2. Attach a “Do Not Use” tag on the tool or piece of equipment 3. Write the details on the tag, including the date the tool/equipment was taken out of service and what the problem is, along with your name. 4. Give the tool to the lead/manager or place the defective equipment on the shelf in the Inventory Room. 5. Get a replacement tool, and inspect it before using it. 6. A yellow tag is attached to the equipment once the equipment has been repaired but still needs to be tested or recalibrated. 7. A green tag is attached to the equipment once it has been tested and is OK to use again.

Tag colour meaning:

RED Damaged/Defective, DO NOT USE YELLOW Has been repaired but needs testing/recalibration GREEN Has been repaired and is ready to be used again

Administration Office

Remove the damaged/defective tool or equipment from service:

1. Give any defective tools to the Administrator with an explanation of what the problem is. 2. Unplug any defective equipment and lay the electrical cord across the equipment. Advise the Administrator immediately of the problem.

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6.6 SAFE JOB PROCEDURE – USING A HAND TRUCK (DOLLY)

1) Use the appropriate PPE. 2) Visually inspect dolly looking for any damaged or loose parts. Check that tire pressure is full. 3) Clear a path to the destination before loading dolly. 4) When loading dolly, ensure heavy items are loaded on the bottom and that the load is not too high so visibility is maintained. 5) Slide the base of dolly under the load by carefully tilting the load forward. 6) Make sure the load will not shift or fall. This may require strapping the load to dolly. 7) Once dolly is positioned all the way under the load tilt the load back being aware of pinch points. Keep fingers away from the frame. Keeping one foot on the bar between the wheels may assist with tilting dolly back and will prevent rollback. 8) Move forward not backward with dolly. Move slowly and cautiously being aware of obstacles and people. 9) Once at destination tilt dolly and load slightly forward. a. Keep one hand on the load and one hand on dolly for balance. b. Keep one foot on the bar between the wheels to prevent rollback. 10) Slide the base of dolly out from under the load by carefully tilting the load forward. 11) Return dolly to its proper storage location.

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7. HEALTH, SAFETY, AND ENVIRONMENT ADMINISTRATION

7.1 INCIDENT INVESTIGATION POLICY

All employees, contractors and WBEA visitors are required to report all incidents and major near misses, including ergonomic issues to their lead or company contact within the reporting timeline, see Table 1 below.

There is a belief by many people that accidents just happen and cannot be prevented. WBEA uses the word ‘incident’ rather than ‘accident’ because WBEA believes that all incidents are preventable and investigation of near misses and minor incidents will lead to the prevention of major incidents and recurrence of minor incidents.

Incidents are the result of a combination of causes, usually unsafe acts combined with unsafe conditions. Investigations identify root causes so that corrective actions and controls can be implemented preventing recurrence or escalation. Investigations are not conducted to lay blame.

WBEA may conduct investigations on the following:

• Injury requiring medical aid • Lost time injury • Fatality • Vehicle Incident • Major near miss • Property damage • Environmental damage

Incident reports will be reviewed by the safety coordinator and management.

Action items will be documented and tracked for completion.

Management and leads are responsible to ensure WCB and Alberta Occupational Health and Safety are notified where applicable.

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7.2 INCIDENT REPORTING & INVESTIGATION PROCEDURES

All health concerns, injuries, incidents, and near misses are to be reported to the lead within the reporting timeline and documented on an Incident/Near Miss Report. If an incident occurs on a member’s site the member site contact must also be informed.

Incidents that are to be reported:

• All injuries • Vehicle incidents • Near misses • Property damage • Environment damage

Table 1. WBEA Incident Reporting Timeline WBEA Incident Reporting Timeline Incident Type Definition Report to Report to Report to WCB/OHS Lead/Safety Executive Director Coordinator (Lead or Safety Coordinator) to advise) Near Miss No injury or Within 24 hours Not required Not required property damage but had the potential to cause harm First Aid Incident requiring By end of shift Not required Not required first aid treatment, includes self- administration

Medical Aid Incident requiring Immediate Within 24 hours WCB, within 72 doctor visit but no hours treatment is provided

Medical Treatment Incident requiring a Immediate Immediate WCB, within 72 visit to doctor and hours medical treatment OHS, if worker provided admitted to hospital for more than 2 days Serious Injury/Fatality Potentially Immediate Immediate WCB & OHS, disabling/loss of life immediately

Environment/Property Any incident Immediate Major - Immediate OHS, collapse of Damage resulting Minor - 24 hours structure, crane, or environmental or hoist; explosion, property damage fire, flood with potential for injury Near Miss explanation – A Near Miss is an unplanned event or situation that did not result in injury, damage or illness to people, materials, equipment, or the environment but had the potential to do so (i.e. a close call).

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Reporting Employees and contractors are responsible to report all incidents and major near misses to their lead and the safety coordinator, as per the timeline above. An Incident Report must be filled out for each occurrence.

If an incident requires anything beyond first aid or if time from work is missed beyond the day of the incident due to the incident both the employee and lead are required to report to WBC Alberta. WBC Alberta reporting can be done online at http://www.wcb.ab.ca/, follow the links to the appropriate reporting form.

All incidents, near misses and controls established will be reported to staff at monthly FOC/bimonthly Admin safety meetings, at a minimum.

Accident Ratio Triangle

Statistically for every 600 unreported near misses there are: - 30 damages to property/minor injury - 10 serious injuries/major property damage - 1 fatality

Investigations When an incident has occurred the lead and/or safety coordinator will review each incident and launch an initial investigation, if required, with the person(s) involved. These initial investigations will be conducted as soon after the incident as possible. In the event of a serious incident, an in-house investigation team may be assembled.

There may be instances where an outside secondary investigation needs to be conducted. This could include Occupational Health and Safety, insurance companies, or site owners.

In the event of a serious incident where injury or major property damage is involved employees are required to freeze the scene until an investigator (lead or safety coordinator) is on scene to collect evidence.

The intent of an investigation is not to fix blame but to find the root cause of an incident so that corrective action can be taken to prevent recurrence.

Investigating Incidents with Injury or Serious Damage The person involved in a serious incident or conducting an investigation should proceed as follows:

1) Take control of the scene. 2) Ensure that no further injury or damage occurs. 3) Initiate Emergency Response Procedure, if this has not already occurred. 4) Ensure any injured person(s) are cared for. 5) Get the ‘big picture’ of what happened. 6) Examine equipment/materials involved. 7) Preserve the evidence – collect and safeguard any physical evidence. Where practicable, the scene of the incident should be left untouched, except for activity necessitated by emergency personnel or to prevent further injuries or damage, until the incident has been investigated. 8) Take photographs of the scene or make initial drawings. 9) Interview witnesses and obtain written statements where appropriate. 10) Analyze all the available information to determine the causes. 11) Look for causes where ‘the system failed the worker’ not only for where ‘the worker failed the system’. 12) Determine what corrective action(s) will prevent recurrence. 13) Complete the report. 14) Forward the report to management for review and signature. 15) Follow up to ensure corrective action is completed. 115

The Safety Coordinator will retain all documentation pertaining to incidents, track incidents, and follow up to ensure all actions and controls have been implemented in a timely manner.

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7.3 MODIFIED WORK PROGRAM POLICY

To assist a WBEA employee who has suffered work related or non-work related injury WBEA, in conjunction with WCB, may implement a modified work program for the employee. This will ensure employee job security as well as reduce WCB insurance premium assessments.

The WBEA modified work program will be designed on a case by case basis and will be comprised of productive and meaningful tasks which may be performed safely with no risk of re-injuring the employee. These tasks may incorporate work that may be changed, modified, or decreased in length of time. If this is not suitable then an administrative option may be considered.

The modified work program will be developed in conjunction with WBEA, the injured employee, their physician and WCB Alberta, if applicable. All Modified Work Claims will be reported to WCB Alberta.

Employees on a modified work program will be monitored to ensure the modified program does not aggravate the employee’s injury.

Employees are expected to participate in the offered modified work program although employees have the right to refuse the offer of modified work. If a modified work program is offered and the employee refuses to accept the modified work WCB will consider the reasons for refusal and may adjust the employee’s benefits accordingly.

The duration of any modified work program will not normally exceed six months in duration.

All modified work programs must be acceptable to the member site on which the employee may perform modified work.

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7.4 MODIFIED WORK PROGRAM

Management/Lead Responsibilities

• To accompany the injured employee to a medical facility, if required, and inform the attending physician that WBEA has a Modified Work Program. • Have employee sign Medical Information Release form. • Provide Letter to Physician, signed Medical Information Release form, and Modified Work Assessment form to attending physician. • Ensure an Employer Report of Injury has been submitted to WCB within 72 hours. • Complete the Modified Work Offer form and review it with the injured employee. • Forward copies of the signed Modified Work Offer Acceptance – Declination form to the HR administrator or safety coordinator. • Monitor the status of the employee while on modified work to ensure the employee is following the program, and ensure the work is within the physician’s guidelines.

Injured Employee Responsibilities

• Submit a WCB Report of Injury within 48 hours, if injury is work related. • Advise your physician if injury is work related. • Follow the modified work program as set out by the physician. • Cooperate with all WCB requests regarding the modified work program.

See Section 10, HS&E Forms, Modified Work Program Forms:

• Letter to Physician • Medical Information Release form • Modified Work Assessment form • Modified Work Offer Acceptance – Declination form

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7.5 PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE GUIDELINES

Defective tools and equipment are a hazard that can cause serious injury or incidents. The regular maintenance of tools, equipment, and vehicles will maximize the safety of all employees and protect property.

Lead Responsibility It is the responsibility of leads to ensure preventative maintenance to any tool, equipment or vehicle requiring scheduled maintenance or calibration follow the manufacturer’s recommendations, industry standards, and is performed by qualified personnel.

Accurate records of all maintenance are to be maintained with the following information: • Equipment description • Model or Unit # • Maintenance or repair performed • Date of maintenance • Company/individual who performed maintenance/repair

The person responsible for maintenance will ensure maintenance is performed as scheduled and is recorded.

Employee Responsibility It is the responsibility of each employee to perform a daily inspection of all tools, equipment, and vehicle they are working with. Employees are responsible to take out of service any defective tool or piece of equipment following the guidelines in the HS&E Manual, Safe Work Procedure – Defective Tools and Equipment and the procedures for tagging out equipment in HS&E Manual, Safe Job Procedure –Tag Out Defective Tools and Equipment.

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7.6 RECORDS & STATISTICS

Retention of Records The following Health and Safety records will be retained for the length of term indicated below:

Records Retention Period Training – Job specific, legislated and personal Duration of employment and then archived for 7 years. Orientations – company, safety, and site Hazard/Risk Assessments – Work area and Task Duration of operation and then archived for 3 years. Field Level Risk Assessments/Worksite Observations Safety Meeting Minutes Inspections Incident Reports, not involving court cases Emergency Evacuation Drills 3 years Vehicle Inspection Records Preventative Maintenance Records Safe Work Permits First Aid Records Audits Incident Reports and any related documents, when 10 years after the court case is resolved involved in court cases Worker Compensation Injury Reports 7 years Investigations

Statistics Safety statistics will be tracked on a quarterly and annual basis using incident reports and WCB records. Quarterly and annual statistics will include: • Total hours worked by all employees • The number of first aid, medical aid, and lost time incidents • The number and type of other incidents • The number of reported near misses • Injury Frequency Rate (IFR)

Number of Lost Time Incidents x 200,000 Number of Employee Hours of Exposure

• Injury Severity Rate (ISR)

Number of Work Days Lost x 200,000 Number of Employee Hours of Exposure

• Recordable Injury Rate (RIR)

Number of Lost Time incidents + Modified Work + Medical Aid x 200,000 Number of Employee Hours of Exposure

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7.7 VEHICLE USE GUIDELINES

Insurance and Licensing WBEA staff and contractors are required to hold a valid driver’s license and be listed as a valid driver on WBEA’s Vehicle Insurance policy before they can operate WBEA vehicles. Driver’s abstracts are also a required every 3 years and are to be filed in the employee`s HR file.

Vehicle Maintenance WBEA vehicles must receive regular maintenance in accordance with manufacturer specifications. Vehicles are assigned to specific employees or programs and it is the responsibility of each employee to ensure their assigned vehicle is in proper working condition. Staff are required to do a weekly walk around of their vehicle as well as a monthly inspection following the WBEA Vehicle Inspection form. Any damage or defect needs to be noted and reported to their lead as well as the Vehicle Maintenance Administrator as soon as possible.

Weekly Vehicle Inspection (see Vehicle Inspection form): • Check fuel and windshield washer fluid levels • Under hood inspection • Under carriage inspection • Clean windows and lights • Check tires for wear • Check mirrors and windows for cracks/chips • Check heater/defroster/air conditioning works • Check wipers and horn are operational • Check buggy whip is operational • Note any new damage to the truck body • Maintain vehicle cleanliness both inside and out (license plate and company decal should always be clear and visible) • Ensure seatbelts are operational • Ensure vehicle is supplied with all tools/equipment that will be needed in the field

Monthly Vehicle Inspection (see Vehicle Inspection form): • Check all lights are working (4-way, back up and headlights) • Check levels of transmission fluid, brake fluid and steering fluid • Check oil level • Check radiator • Check battery • Check exhaust system • Check spare tire, jack and wheel wrench • Check emergency brakes

The Vehicle Maintenance Administrator will schedule regular scheduled maintenance and tire change overs as per manufacturer specifications. Winter tires will be used on WBEA vehicles from Oct 30 – April 30. It is the employee’s responsibility to ensure the vehicle is equipped for the season with the appropriate supplies and equipment.

Lawful Requirements • Seatbelts must be worn by the driver and all occupants of a WBEA vehicle. • Speeding is prohibited while operating a WBEA vehicle. • WBEA vehicles are required to move over and slow down when passing emergency vehicles or pull over to the shoulder if an emergency vehicle is overtaking them. • Electronic device (cell phone) use is prohibited while operating a WBEA vehicle or while in a personal vehicle on WBEA business whether the device is hand held or hands free, see HS&E Manual, Electronic Device Use policy. • Any tickets or fines incurred by an employee while driving a WBEA vehicle is the responsibility of the employee.

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Driving Impairment There are various types of impairment that can affect driving ability. Prescription medication, fatigue, illness, and emotional stress can all impair a driver. Drivers and co-workers need to assess impairment if they are under the strain of any of these symptoms and make the appropriate decision about designating a driver or rescheduling a trip.

Parking Where it is practical and safe to do so WBEA drivers will back into parking spots. This allows drivers to pull forward out of parking spots eliminating the risk of backing into other vehicles or pedestrians. It is mandatory to back into parking spots on some member sites.

Securing Loads All loads that could cause injury or damage if shifted during transport are to be secured for transport. This includes loads in both the box and interior of the vehicle. If totes are available, they will be used for loose items inside vehicles.

Flat Tire If a vehicle’s tire becomes flat pull safely as far as possible onto the shoulder of the road. Contact your lead to inform of the situation and whether you require assistance or have been trained and will change the flat tire yourself. Use your hazard lights and hazard triangles to make yourself visible to other drivers. Follow the vehicle manufacturer manual instructions on how to change the tire. Set the jack up on a hard, flat surface. Be aware of the speed rating of your spare tire and do not exceed it. Bring the flat tire to the preferred tire shop for repair as soon as possible. It is critical to replace the spare tire in a timely manner.

Recovery of Stuck Vehicles WBEA vehicles travel in less than ideal road conditions and may become stuck in either mud or snow while traveling to or from monitoring or sample sites. If you are unsure of the conditions of a road, park the vehicle and inspect the route before attempting to drive it. It is always easier to walk to a site then to pull out a stuck vehicle. Ensure you have your vehicle in 4 x 4 before traveling off paved roadways in inclement weather.

If you do become stuck contact your lead to inform of the situation before attempting to free yourself. Try the rocking method, shoveling, traction aids or tree branches for traction. Do NOT spin your tires, this will only sink you further. Move tires very slowly allowing the tread to do the work. Refer to HSE Manual, Safe Work Practice – Vehicle Recovery.

If none of these methods work contact your lead again to arrange for assistance.

If a passerby offers assistance contact your lead for permission. Be aware that any damage done to either vehicle would affect our insurance and a police report would be required.

If the vehicle is seriously stuck wait for assistance from a professional tow company. Do not attempt the recovery of any vehicle if you are not trained and competent in the process.

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7.8 WASTE MANAGEMENT & ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION POLICY

WBEA management and staff are committed to helping protect our environment, conserve landfill space and resources, and control hazardous waste. WBEA manages the materials used in our facilities by implementing cost effective waste reduction prevention, re-using and recycling.

The goal of this policy is to make a positive impact on our environment through the leadership shown by WBEA. Our waste management & environment programs show leadership as well as provide education and awareness to staff for personal involvement. WBEA encourages all employees to continually look for ways to improve its environment and waste programs.

WBEA pledges to act in an environmentally responsible manner. We are committed to protect human health and the environment through compliance with applicable federal, provincial, and local environment laws and regulations. WBEA will continually strive to reduce environmental impact associated with our operations and will act promptly to take corrective action when any environmental risks are identified.

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7.9 WASTE MANAGEMENT & ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

To fulfill our commitment to reducing waste and protecting the environment WBEA employees and contractors are encouraged to participate in WBEA’s ever expanding environmental and waste initiatives:

Recycle: • All paper and cardboard products • All plastic and Styrofoam • Pop cans and bottles • Scrap wood/pallets • Toner cartridges • Batteries • Scrap metal

Reduce:

• Teleconference/video conferencing options at all meetings • All documents printed double sided, when possible • Electronic copies used and distributed, when possible • Employees and contractors encouraged to drive speed limit to conserve gasoline • Programmable thermostats used in buildings, individual heaters/fans used when required • Use of recycled products, where possible • Food waste composted at the Administration office • Environmentally friendly ice melt products used

Reuse:

• Reusable water bottles • Use of re-usable dishes, cups, glasses, and silverware • Inter-office envelopes • Compressed gas cylinders returned to supplier • Reusable shopping bags when shopping • Obsolete electronic and air monitoring equipment donated or recycled

Hazardous Waste:

• Hazardous waste is disposed of at certified collection sites.

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8. EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PROCEDURES

8.1 TRAINING

WBEA requires specific training for all staff roles to ensure workers are able to recognize hazards and mitigate them in the course of performing their duties. Copies of training certificates and site tags are to be filed with the HR administrator and safety coordinator.

See HS&E Manual, Training and Communication for specific WBEA training requirements.

8.2 RESPONSIBILITIES

Management Responsibilities: ▪ Ensure an Emergency Response Plan is in place for WBEA work sites. ▪ Ensure all WBEA workers and contractors are aware of Emergency Response Procedures. ▪ Ensure information is readily available regarding work place hazards and emergency response procedures. ▪ Ensure an emergency contact list is available at WBEA work sites. ▪ Provide appropriate emergency response training to all workers. ▪ Assist in evacuation procedures when necessary. ▪ Complete a head count of all workers, contractors, and visitors in emergency situations. ▪ Document all actions taken during an emergency event. ▪ Ensure monthly safety inspections of both the Administration Office and Field Operations Centre occur and violations are corrected.

Worker Responsibilities: ▪ Be familiar with and understand the Emergency Response Procedures, have emergency contact numbers readily available. ▪ Complete required safety courses. ▪ Familiarize yourself with exits from any building entered. ▪ Follow direction or assist where required in an emergency situation. ▪ Follow safe work practices to minimize hazards. ▪ When working on an industry site, be familiar with and follow the site’s emergency response procedures.

Emergency Marshall Responsibilities: ▪ In the event of an emergency, ensure everyone has evacuated the building and doors are closed. ▪ Meet workers at the Muster Point and take roll call. ▪ Delegate someone to contact emergency personnel and report back to you. ▪ Ensure other businesses in your building have been advised of the emergency, if required. ▪ Be the point of contact for emergency personnel, advise of any missing personnel, and provide building information as required. ▪ Advise emergency personnel of the location and types of compressed gases in the FOC. ▪ Give the ALL CLEAR when it is safe to re-enter the building. ▪ Document all actions and submit to safety coordinator.

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8.3 MUSTER POINTS/EMERGENCY MARSHALLS

Thickwood Office – The Muster Point is in front of Paddy McSwiggins directly across the parking lot from WBEA’s back door. A building evacuation plan is posted on the safety bulletin board.

Field Operations Centre – The Muster Point is the picnic table across from the main (south) parking lot. A building evacuation plan is posted in several locations throughout the building.

Air Monitoring Stations – If more than one worker is present at a station the Muster Point should be identified before work commences. While the work truck is a good Muster Point, a secondary Muster Point should be identified as well.

*Site Emergency Response Contacts and directions to AMS locations are located on the P drive under SAFETY/Emergency Response Plan as well as posted on safety bulletin boards.

Emergency Marshall Role Emergency Marshalls are designated at both the Administrative Office and the Field Operations Centre (FOC). The Emergency Marshall at the Administrative Office is the Administrator, Deputy Marshall is the Bookkeeper. The Emergency Marshall at the FOC is the Safety Coordinator or the most senior person on site.

8.4 LOCATION OF EMERGENCY RESOURCES

An Emergency Contact List will be posted at both the WBEA Administration Office and Field Operations Centre. Workers will have site emergency contact phone numbers entered into their phones for working on specific sites.

Fire extinguishers locations:

Thickwood Administration Office – Fire extinguishers are located at both the front and back doors as well as in the computer server room and are clearly marked. Field Operations Centre – Fire extinguishers are located throughout the building and are clearly marked. Air Monitoring Stations – Each air monitoring station is equipped with a fire extinguisher. Vehicles – Each WBEA vehicle is equipped with a fire extinguisher.

First Aid Kit locations:

Thickwood Administration Office – A First Aid kit is located in the kitchen cupboard beside the back door. Field Operations Centre - First Aid kits are located both in the kitchen and upstairs outside the first office. Both are clearly marked. Air Monitoring Stations- Each station has a First Aid kit. Vehicles – All WBEA vehicles are equipped with a First Aid kit.

Eye Wash Stations: Thickwood Administration Office – An eye wash bottle is located with the First Aid kit in the kitchen cupboard beside the back door. Field Operations Centre – An eye wash station is located in the back of the main bay area with the sink. The eye wash station is clearly marked.

SDS Binders: Copies of SDS for both locations are available in both building`s binders enabling employees at either location to access information in an emergency. Thickwood Office – SDS binder is located on shelf in photocopy room. Field Operations Centre – SDS binder is located on top of flammable storage container in main bay area.

Safety Equipment Maintenance and Requirements: Fire extinguishers will be inspected monthly by WBEA staff and be recertified annually.

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Emergency lighting will be inspected annually by certified inspectors. Number 2 First Aid kits are required for WBEA sites and will be inspected biannually. Fire doors will remain closed at all times. Exits and fire corridors will be kept clear and will not be used for storage. All exits will be kept free of snow and ice during winter season. WBEA safety coordinator will maintain records of annual inspections and re-certifications of fire safety equipment.

8.5 EMERGENCY RESPONSE PROCEDURES

General Emergencies

Station/Field Work Site Emergencies Emergencies at Air Monitoring Stations and/or field work sites will either be phoned in by employees or initiated when employees neglect to check in on the SafetyLine system setting off an unconfirmed emergency response.

The lead will attempt to contact the employee to ascertain what response is required. If unable to contact the employee the lead will determine whether another WBEA employee is in the vicinity or contact the closest emergency response team (ERT) (i.e. Syncrude, CNRL, etc.) giving site coordinates or the employee’s GPS location to the ERT. An employee’s last check-in GPS coordinates can be obtained by logging onto the SafetyLine website (www.slmonitor.com/login). The SafetyLine system will prompt the lead through WBEA emergency response procedures.

Employees are encouraged to activate the ‘bread crumb’ feature on their company iPhone to enable current GPS tracking.

Air Monitoring Station coordinates are located on the WBEA shared drive, P/Safety/Emergency Response Plan/ Site Location and Contact Numbers or posted on all safety bulletin boards.

An emergency that occurs while WBEA employees are at a helicopter fly-in site will be coordinated in conjunction with the helicopter company. If the emergency encompasses the helicopter and/or pilot the helicopter company will take the lead in the emergency response.

The response to an emergency at an air monitoring station or field work site will be dependent on the nature of the emergency.

General Emergency Evacuation Procedures

In the event of an emergency: 1) First, stay calm and ensure your own safety. 2) Shut down any equipment you are working on. 3) Reduce/eliminate the hazard, if possible, without putting yourself at risk. 4) Sound the alarm. Air horns are located with all fire extinguishers throughout WBEA buildings. EVACUATION ALARM – Three short blasts of air horn, pause, repeat. 5) Remove any injured from danger, if required. 6) Evacuate the building, close doors behind you as rooms are emptied. 7) Meet at designated Muster Point. 8) Report to Emergency Marshall. Emergency Marshall will designate someone to contact 9-1-1 or site emergency personnel. 9) Emergency Marshall should inform emergency personnel of the location and types of compressed gases in the FOC. 10) Follow Emergency Marshall’s instructions. Assist as instructed by Emergency Marshall. 11) Do not re-enter building until ALL CLEAR given by Emergency Marshall.

*Emergency Contact numbers are posted on WBEA Safety Bulletin Boards.

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Medical Emergencies

First Aid Response Procedures 1) Ensure you and the victim are out of danger. 2) Call co-worker to assist, if required. 3) If you are a trained first aid responder and the victim requires it, perform the needed medical aid. 4) Contact 9-1-1 or site emergency number, if required. 5) After incident, inform lead and fill in Incident Report, forward to safety coordinator.

Medical Emergency Response Procedures 1) Ensure the area is safe for yourself and others. 2) Ensure injured party is out of danger. 3) Call 9-1-1 or site emergency number, if applicable. 4) Call another co-worker to assist you. 5) Provide first aid or CPR as required, if trained as a first aid responder. 6) If chemical exposure is involved have SDS available for attending paramedics or doctors. 7) Inform lead. The lead will be responsible for notifying the worker’s family. 8) After incident, fill in Incident Report and forward to safety coordinator.

Fire Emergencies

Fire Emergency Response Procedures The best way to fight fires is to prevent them in the first place. WBEA encourages all employees to submit a Hazard Identification form to their lead or safety coordinator if a fire hazard is noticed.

1) Walk calmly to the nearest fire extinguisher station and sound the EVACUATION ALARM, three short blasts of air horn, pause and repeat. 2) Attempt to fight the fire ONLY if: a. The fire is still small b. You know how to use a fire extinguisher and the PASS system c. You have a clear exit at your back 3) If the alarm sounds, calmly evacuate the building by the closest exit. Assist anyone who needs help evacuating. 4) Close all doors behind you. Do not stop to retrieve personal items. 5) Before opening a closed door, feel it with the back of your hand to assess temperature. If it is hot, leave it closed and exit by another route. 6) Meet at the designated Muster Point and report to the Emergency Marshall. Wait for further instructions from the Emergency Marshall and follow them. Ensure the Fire Department has been called. 7) Emergency Marshall should inform emergency personnel of any missing personnel and the location and types of compressed gases in the FOC. 8) Do not re-enter the building until the ALL CLEAR signal is given by the Emergency Marshall. 9) If trapped in a room, place cloth material under and around the door to prevent smoke from entering. 10) If caught in smoke, drop to hands and knees and crawl. Breathe shallowly and use a shirt or other cloth as a filter. Do not attempt to stand up, smoke and heat rise.

Fire Drill Procedures WBEA will conduct annual fire drills at both the Administration office and Field Operations Centre. 1) The local fire department and alarm service provider will be advised, if required, that a non-emergency fire drill will be conducted. 2) Staff will be notified of the date of the drill.

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3) Safety coordinator will document strengths and weaknesses of the evacuation procedures and time the reaction response of workers. 4) Notify fire department and alarm service provider that the fire drill is complete. 5) Discuss drill with workers at post drill meeting to identify problems. 6) Safety coordinator to document drill and outcomes.

Compressed Gas Cylinder Emergencies

All workers handling compressed gases should be familiar with and understand the SDS for the gases they are handling, see HSE Manual, Safe Work Practice – Compressed Gas Cylinder Use and Field Guide – Working Safely with Compressed Gas.

Damaged Cylinder Procedures If damage occurs to a compressed gas cylinder through a fall or extreme temperature conditions: 1) Check for leaks and if safe to do so, immediately move the cylinder to an isolated area out of doors and away from buildings, workers, and potential ignition sources. 2) Slowly open the valve to allow gas to escape and to reduce pressure in the cylinder. 3) Tag the cylinder ‘defective’ and return to supplier.

Airborne Release of Gases 1) Understand which gases you are dealing with, what the hazards are, and what measures need to be taken to eliminate or control the hazard. 2) Stop the release, if safe to do so. 3) Evacuate to a safe area, preferably upwind of the hazard. 4) Confine the release by closing the door to the area. 5) Ensure no one enters the area. 6) Sound the evacuation alarm, if applicable, following General Emergency Evacuation Procedures above. 7) Inform lead of the nature of the release. 8) Contact relevant authorities.

Fire Involving Compressed Gas Cylinders 1) Immediately evacuate the area. 2) Follow the General Emergency Evacuation Procedures above.

Medical Emergencies Involving Compressed Gases 1) Many gases are toxic and can cause serious health problems dependent upon the specific gas, its concentration, extent of exposure and route of entry. Health symptoms of exposure to gases can be immediate or delayed. 2) Asphyxiation is the main hazard associated with inert gases such as helium, argon and nitrogen. If these gases escape undetected into the atmosphere, they can quickly reduce the oxygen levels below concentrations necessary to support consciousness and life. 3) Some compressed gases are corrosive. They can burn or damage skin on contact, burn the eyes or lungs if inhaled, as well as attack and corrode metals. 4) Immediately request medical assistance for the victim through 9-1-1 or site emergency services. Have the SDS available for the medical personnel and begin following treatment procedures listed on SDS.

Vehicle Related Emergencies

1) Determine if you and the vehicle are in danger in your current location, if so move the vehicle to a safe location. 2) Turn vehicle off before exiting the vehicle. 3) Assess the situation for injuries and attend to the injured, if safe to do so. 4) Call 9-1-1 for the injured and call the police if: 129

a. If anyone is injured or there is a fatality. b. If any vehicles are not drivable. c. If any driver does not have a driver’s license or proof of insurance. d. If you suspect the other driver is intoxicated. e. If total damage to all vehicles and property appears to exceed $2000. File a Collision Report Form, failure to do so could result in demerit points or a fine. 5) If dangerous goods are involved call CANUTEC #613-996-6666. 6) Be aware of other vehicles moving past the accident scene, do not put yourself between your vehicle and oncoming traffic. 7) Follow the procedures as laid out in the What to Do After a Collision pamphlet in glove box. 8) Collect as much information as possible for the Information Collection form in glove box. Take pictures, if applicable. 9) Call your lead. 10) Fill in WBEA Incident Report with safety coordinator.

Weather Related Emergencies

Follow the guidelines in HS&E Manual, Safe Work Practice – Weather.

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WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

9. CONTRACTOR SAFETY COMPLIANCE AGREEMENT

Company Name: Address:

Phone:

Email: Fax:

Contact Name and Title: Phone or email:

H&S Representative: Phone or email:

HEALTH & SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

WBEA recognizes there are risks associated with retaining the services of contractors to provide services to WBEA directly or to our members on our behalf. To ensure the highest possible level of safety, contractors will be subject to a prequalification process of their health and safety program to ensure it aligns with WBEA's HS&E program, any gaps have been identified and controls are in place prior to work being performed for, or on behalf of, WBEA. Contractors are required to provide to WBEA the following information as proof of a viable health and safety program: • COR certificate number, or other recognized safety program recognition • Training Records/Certificates • WCB Clearance Letter • General Liability Insurance Documentation • Health, Safety & Environment Policy • Drug and Alcohol Policy • Safety Manual (Table of Contents only) • Key Contact List

In addition, the contractor will complete, read and understand, sign and return the Contractor Safety Compliance Agreement and the WBEA Contractor Questionnaire attached.

*If a contractor does not have their own Health and Safety manual and program, it will be mandatory for all the contractor’s employees working for WBEA to review and sign off on the WBEA Health, Safety and Environment manual as well as receive a New Hire Safety Orientation prior to beginning work for WBEA on WBEA sites.

LEGISLATION

The following guidelines are not meant to be all-inclusive nor do they relieve the contractor of their responsibilities as defined in Alberta’s Occupational Health and Safety Act, Regulation, and Code. It is the responsibility of the contractor to ensure that all their employees working for WBEA, whether on WBEA property or another work site, are aware of and follow all applicable legislation, WBEA requirements, and their own Health and Safety program. 131

All work performed for WBEA shall be in compliance with the following government regulations:

• Provincial Workplace Health & Safety Act • Provincial Fire Code • Canadian Electrical Code

WORKERS COMPENSATION BOARD The contractor shall provide documented evidence of their account with Alberta Workers Compensation Board and shall maintain the account in good standing throughout their contract with WBEA. Furthermore, the contractor shall ensure that its sub- contractors, if any, comply with all Workers Compensation legislation and maintain their account in good standing.

EQUIPMENT All equipment used by the contractor shall be in maintained in good condition and shall meet all applicable legislation, regulatory, and company standards. The contractor shall provide all necessary personal protective equipment (PPE) to its employees.

PERSONNEL The contractor shall permit only trained, competent, and qualified personnel to work on WBEA work sites. Contractor employees shall attend any required member site safety orientations before commencing work. The contractor shall immediately remove from the work site any employee of the contractor, or its sub-contractor, who does not comply with WBEA`s, or the sites’, Health, Safety and Environment requirements.

GENERAL RULES All contractors and their employees working on WBEA property or job sites shall: • Smoke only in designated areas. • Not be in possession of firearms or other weapons. • Not be in the possession or under the influence of drugs and/or alcohol. • Perform hazard analyses of each job prior to start up as well as on an ongoing basis. • Immediately evacuate the premises in case of emergency. Know the location of the emergency muster point and report to it in the case of an emergency. Know the emergency contact number and call, if applicable. • Follow all Safe Work Practices and Safe Job Procedures in the Health and Safety manual they are working under. • Ensure proper housekeeping of equipment and materials is maintained. • Ensure that any hazardous material brought to the work site is properly labelled and a Safety Data Sheet (SDS) is available. • Upon completion of work ensure that all equipment, material, and waste is removed from the property or work site.

WBEA RIGHTS WBEA retains the right to perform any site inspection and/or monitor the contractor’s performance for effective implementation of, and adherence to, the safety program. Non-compliance with WBEA safety requirements may result in termination of the contract with cause.

At no additional cost, WBEA may: • Stop the work if unsafe acts or conditions are observed. • Require the immediate removal or repair of unsafe or defective equipment and tools used in the performance of the work. • Require the removal of any personnel from the property or work site who does not comply with WBEA requirements.

REPORTING REQUIRMENTS The contractor shall immediately report to WBEA and any applicable legislative authorities any work-related incident resulting in death, injury, illness, property damage or major near misses to any of its employees, sub-contractors, or other persons, as well as any contravention of any environmental regulations. WBEA will immediately inform the member site contact, if required.

The contractor, and its relevant employees, shall participate with WBEA in any investigations of said incidents and assist in preparing a written report identifying root causes and controls to be implemented to prevent recurrence.

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______

I hereby certify that I have authority to acknowledge and agree to the compliance of the above conditions as set out by Wood Buffalo Environmental Association. I certify that I have read and understood the above requirements and that all my company`s employees working on WBEA work sites will comply with these conditions.

I understand that non-compliance with these conditions may result in the dismissal of individuals from WBEA work sites and/or termination of the contract.

Representative (please print) Signature

Company Date

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WBEA Contractor Health & Safety Questionnaire

A) GENERAL INFORMATION

Company Name: ______Phone: ______

Completed By: ______Email: ______

How many years has your organization been in business under your present name? ______

Describe services you will be performing for WBEA: ______

B) CONTACT INFORMATION

Primary Contact: ______Phone: ______

Safety Officer: ______Phone: ______

C) HEALTH & SAFETY PROGRAM

1) Does your company have a Certificate of Recognition (COR) or another recognized safety program certification?  YES  NO

2) If yes, what is the COR certificate number? ______

3) If no, answer the following: Does your company have a formal Safety Program?  YES  NO Has it been audited?  YES  NO Date of Audit: ______Name of Auditor: ______Audit Score Achieved: ______

4) Does your company maintain and enforce all applicable health and safety practices as required under the applicable Occupational Health & Safety Act, Regulation, and Code?  YES  NO

5) Does your company ensure each employee has received the appropriate training as required by the applicable Occupational Health & Safety Act, Regulation, and Code?  YES  NO

6) Does your company provide the applicable Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for employees as required by the applicable Health & Safety Act, Regulation, and Code?  YES  NO

7) Does your company maintain equipment in compliance with regulatory requirements?  YES  NO

8) Does your company have a process for conducting safety inspections of your work sites?  YES  NO

9) Does your company have a method for ensuring identified hazards are controlled?  YES  NO

10) Does your company have a formal Substance Abuse policy?  YES  NO

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If yes, does it include the following: Pre-placement testing?  YES  NO Testing for cause?  YES  NO Post Incident testing?  YES  NO

11) Will your company be using any sub-contractors on WBEA work sites?  YES  NO

If yes, will your company ensure that the sub-contractor will comply with all applicable health, safety, and environment regulations and requirements as per this document?  YES  NO

D) HEALTH & SAFETY PERFORMANCE

1) Has your company received any Health and Safety related warnings or citations within the past three years?  YES  NO If yes, please attach details.

2) Is there any Health and Safety related judgments, claims or suits pending or outstanding against your company?  YES  NO If yes, please attach details.

3) Please fill in the chart below for the last three years, including the present year to date. Year 20__ Year 20__ Year 20__ Number of Employees Total Hours Worked Fatalities Lost Time Injuries/Illnesses Combined Days Away from Work (LTIs) Modified/Restricted Work Cases Recordable Injuries First Aid Incidents Vehicle Incidents

E) WORKERS COMPENSATION BOARD

Please attach a copy of your WCB Clearance Letter.

Does your company have a WCB account in good standing in the jurisdiction where you will perform our work?

 YES  NO

WCB Account(s): Province Account Number(s) Clearance Letter Attached? Y/N

F) INSURANCE

Please attach a copy of your business insurance policy and all addendums and policy updates.

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Please ensure the following are submitted along with Questionnaire: ✓ Signed copy of Contractor Safety Compliance Agreement ✓ COR certificate number, or other recognized safety program recognition ✓ Training Records/Certificates ✓ WCB Clearance Letter ✓ General Liability Insurance Documentation, Addendums and Policy Updates. ✓ Health, Safety & Environment Policy ✓ Drug and Alcohol Policy ✓ Safety Manual (Table of Contents only) ✓ Key Contact List

--FOR WBEA USE ONLY--

Contractor is:  Acceptable for Approved Contractor List  Conditionally acceptable for Approved Contractor List Conditions: ______

______

 Unacceptable

______WBEA Safety Coordinator Date

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10. WBEA FIELD GUIDES

The following Field Guides are available for WBEA staff:

➢ Safetyline User Guide ➢ Wildlife & Bear Awareness Guide ▪ Bear Signs Field Guide ➢ Working Safely with Compressed Gas

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SAFETYLINE USERS GUIDE

If you are a User, please follow the instructions below:

Company ID User ID Password Acknowledge Emergency Code 213 As Provided As Provided Same as Password

An Emergency Occurs When:

1. An Employee has failed to check-in*

2. An employee has indicated “panic” through the SafetyLine system.

*You will receive an email and phone call from the automated service prompting you to check in*

How to check-in with Different Devices:

When Using the App

1. Download “SafetyLine” App from App Store (iPhone, Blackberry or Android).

2. Enter identifiers provided.

3. Follow prompts till App is located on your home screen.

During your shift:

1. Begin by checking in “OK” or calling 1-866-913-3337.

2. Throughout your shift Check-in “OK” every 2 hours.

2. At the end of your shift remember to “End Monitoring”. 139

When Using Satellite Devices (SPOT)

Starting your shift:

1. Press and Hold (3 Secs) the “Power” button on your Satellite device to turn it ON.

2. Check-in by pressing “OK” on Satellite device.

3. Monitoring is now initiated.

Throughout your Shift:

1. Check-in every (interval period) using Satellite device – Press “OK” button (hold 1 sec), If light is green GOOD, if red TRY AGAIN.

End of Shift:

1. Press the “End Monitoring” button (hold 1 sec) If light is green GOOD, if red TRY AGAIN.

2. Press and Hold the Power button on your Satellite device to turn it off.

When Using Computer Web Browser

Starting your shift:

1. Go to www.slmonitor.com 2. Enter Company ID, User, and Password. 3. Click tab “My Commands” 4. Click “OK” to begin monitoring

Throughout your Shift:

1. Check in every 2 hours by clicking “OK” under “My Commands” 140

2. Click “Emergency” if Emergency is occurring.

End of Shift:

1. Click “End Monitoring” under “My Commands”.

When Using Landline to Check-in

Starting your shift:

1. Begin by calling 1-866-913-3337 and follow prompts to check in “OK”.

When asked to leave a voice mail or text message at any check in, it is recommended that you include the following information: Name, time, destination location, tasks at hand, any other information you feel would be needed if an emergency was to occur to help your monitors find you.

Throughout your shift:

2. Call to check-in “OK” every 2 hours by following prompts.

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End of your shift:

3. Call to “End Monitoring” by following prompts.

*If you forget to End Monitoring, you will signal an alarm! *

Setting up your SPOT device to send updates to SafetyLine

Click on “My SPOT Devices” and then under the Contact Details click on “View/Edit”

Edit each option to include “[email protected]” as the email address and the correct message

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▪ For Check-in/OK, you must include OK and the SPOT ESN in the message ▪ For Help, you must include HELP and the SPOT ESN in the message ▪ For Custom, you must include END MONITORING and the SPOT ESN in the message

That will setup the device in the following manner:

You will now need to link your SPOT device to your SafetyLine Account. This is done on the SafetyLine Web Interface. ▪ Log into SafetyLine ▪ Go to the user settings and scroll down until you see "Change satellite device" ▪ Click on this link ▪ Input the SPOT ESN and click Save

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Instructional Videos

For additional instructional videos please refer to: http://vimeo.com/safetyline/videos

[email protected] 1-888-WRK-ALNE

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WILDLIFE AND BEAR AWARENESS - FIELD GUIDE

The nature of WBEA work requires WBEA employees to work in locations where wildlife encounters may occur. Employees should be aware they are trespassing on animals’ territories when in the field, be respectful of this fact, educate themselves on wildlife behaviors and act accordingly. Employees should always be prepared for wildlife encounters whether at drive-in sites, fly-in sites, or air monitoring stations.

It is very difficult to predict how wildlife will react in any given situation so the first line of defense is to avoid an encounter in the first place. Wildlife in general are shy and wary of humans and prefer to avoid human contact.

Make Noise! Let animals know you are approaching. Use an air horn if in remote areas. Call out, clap, sing or talk loudly especially on windy days, near streams, dense vegetation, blind corners, and berry patches. Bear bells are not a good choice as their sound does not carry very far.

Stay Alert Watch for fresh signs of wildlife and check ahead for wildlife in the distance. Tracks, scat, torn-up logs, rubbed or clawed trees, turned-over rocks, trampled vegetation, or a torn open anthill are all signs that a bear or other animal has been in the area. Leave the area if the signs are fresh.

Avoid Food Sources Take note of signs that may indicate carrion such as circling crows, ravens, or the smell of rotting meat. If you come across a large dead animal leave the area immediately. Also, be aware of food sources in the area (i.e. berries) and the time of year. Do not attract wildlife with food or garbage left unattended at sites or in trucks.

GENERAL RULES FOR BEING BUSH SMART

1) Never attempt to feed or approach bears or other wildlife. Food-conditioned wildlife lose their wariness for humans.

2) If you packed it in, pack it out. Always keep sites free of garbage and food scraps. Bears are opportunistic feeders and will return to areas where food was readily available.

3) If traveling to remote locations, carry bear spray, keep it readily accessible, and know how to use it. Note: Bear spray must be carried in the box of the truck or outside the helicopter cabin in a location where it will not be punctured. Pilots must be informed they are carrying bear spray.

4) Do not hike through the bush alone and if possible travel upwind (the wind is at your back).

5) Always have a communication device (cell phone, SPOT device, satellite phone or radio) with you. Do not wear headphones or anything else that interferes with your ability to detect wildlife while in the bush.

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GUIDELINES FOR AATC

1) Sound your truck horn as you approach remote air monitoring stations. 2) Close and lock the compound gate behind yourself to avoid wildlife entering the compound while you are inside the station. 3) Ensure there is no garbage left inside or around the outside of the compound that would attract wildlife.

GUIDELINES FOR TEEM

1) Sound your truck horn before leaving your vehicle at drive-in sites. 2) For fly-in sites, have the helicopter circle any remote sites before landing to a) scan for wildlife; and b) scare away any wildlife in the area. If wildlife is feeding or doesn’t appear to be leaving the area do not land. 3) Sound an air horn twice before hiking away from the helicopter. Sound the air horn occasionally if you are working for any length of time at a site. 4) Ensure you always have radio contact with the pilot while on the ground.

Bear Awareness

Identifying Bears

Black Bear Characteristics: Straight face profile; dog -like snout; barely noticeable shoulder hump; taller pointed ears; short dark curved claws; height approx. 90 cm at shoulder.

Grizzly Bear Characteristics: Dished or concave face long; pig-like snout; prominent shoulder hump; short rounded ears; long, light claws; height approx. one meter at shoulder.

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Black Bear Habitat: Prefers forested areas with low-growing plants and berry- producing shrubs (e.g. small forest openings, stream or lake edges, open forest).

Grizzly Bear Habitat: Semi-open spaces preferred. High country in late summer and early fall; valley bottoms late fall and spring.

Bear Signs:

• Tracks • Bear Trails (bears are creatures of habit and return to familiar areas, creating trails) • Scat • Rolled logs and rocks • Torn stumps • Rubbed, chewed and claw- marked trees • Diggings • Ant hills torn open • Well buried carcass of large animals

Understanding Bears

• A bear’s life revolves around food. • Bears have an acute sense of smell which they rely on heavily to locate food and other animals. • Bears are curious and investigative; important traits that help them find new food sources. • Bears are intelligent. They are quick to learn when they see or smell humans there is a good chance food is nearby. • Bears are naturally wary of humans and are reluctant to come close to humans and human environments unless attracted by food. • All bears have personal space around them and feel scared or threatened when this space is invaded. • Both grizzly and black bears are territorial.

*Most encounters with bears rarely lead to aggressive behavior and attacks are even rarer. But, bears are dangerous and should be treated as such.

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The Importance of Bears’ Personal Space

The size of personal space required by a bear varies depending on how accustomed the animal is to humans and on its sex and species. When a bear’s personal space is invaded scaring or threatening the bear two things can occur – a fight or a flight.

Black bears evolved in a treed environment. When they felt threatened they usually climbed a tree for safety or fled into the forested cover. Therefore, a black bear’s instinctive reaction is to climb a tree or flee when feeling threatened.

Grizzly bears evolved in a treeless environment. When they felt threatened there was no forest cover so they had to stand their ground and defend themselves. It is a grizzly bears instinctive reaction to stand its ground. Not every encounter with an aggressive grizzly will lead to an attack but it is wise to remember that a grizzly bear will act more aggressively than a black bear.

Bear Encounters

Bears react to humans in different ways depending on the following situations:

• if the bear is hungry • if bear cubs are present; and • if an escape route is available.

The two ways to best avoid an aggressive encounter are to avoid surprising the bear (i.e. make noise) and to take precautions you do not attract bears to your work site (i.e. food, smells).

If you see a bear stop and remain calm, get ready to use your bear spray. Do NOT run away, running could trigger a pursuit.

If the bear is unaware of your presence do not attract its attention. Leave the way you came, retreat slowly and keep an eye on the bear. Do not purposefully alert the bear to your presence even if you think you are a safe distance away.

If the bear is aware of your presence stop, stay calm, appear non-threatening and assess the situation. Allow the bear a chance to retreat. In most cases, under these circumstances, the bear will leave the area.

The bear may stand on its hind legs to pick up your scent or to get a better look at you. A startled bear may suddenly run away or stand up quickly, these are signs of stress. This bear is frightened but not necessarily dangerous.

Assess the situation: ✓ Is the bear black or grizzly? ✓ Is there a food source or cubs present? ✓ Try to warn companions, without shouting. ✓ Do NOT look directly at the bear or make eye contact, this is aggressive behavior. ✓ Assess your surroundings for an escape route; determine if the bear has an escape route.

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✓ Speak calmly and firmly to the bear to identify yourself as human and non-threatening. ✓ Back away slowly, keeping an eye on the bear. Sudden movements, screams or running can trigger an attack. Bears can easily outrun humans. ✓ Make yourself appear BIG. Stay together, you will appear larger and more intimidating. Stand on a log. ✓ Do not drop your pack. It can provide protection if there is an attack.

If the bear approaches stop and remain calm. Get ready to use your bear spray. Assess the bear’s behavior and try to determine why it is approaching. Most encounters end without injury but you need to know which kind of bear you are dealing with. Is it defensive or predatory?

Defensive encounters:

This bear will appear stressed or agitated and may vocalize by teeth popping, blowing and huffing. There will be a change in their body posture and movements such as ears going back, swatting at the ground, swaying the head or even bluff charging may occur (charging up to or right past you without making contact).

This bear is defending its cubs, food, or personal space. It is feeling stressed and threatened by you.

• Try to appear non-threatening. • Talk in a calm voice. • When the bear stops advancing start to slowly move away. • If it keeps moving closer, stand your ground, keep talking and prepare to use your bear spray.

Defensive attacks:

This is the most common type of attack.

• Use your bear spray, point the cloud just above the bear’s head. • Drop and play ‘dead’ right at the moment before contact is made. To do so earlier may actually encourage the bear to attack. Lie face down with your hands clasped behind your neck, elbows and legs splayed out to avoid being flipped over. If you are flipped over, flip yourself face down again. • These attacks generally last less than two minutes. • Remain quiet and still until you are sure the bear has left the area, this could take up to 30 minutes. • If the bear continues to attack or if the bear starts to bite, fight back. This attack has changed from a defensive attack to a predatory attack.

Predatory encounters:

This bear will stalk (hunt) you along a trail. This type of encounter is very rare. The bear may be curious, after your food, or testing its dominance. This bear will be intent on you with its head and ears up, it will show no signs of stress and there will be little or no vocalization. This bear may circle around a person trying to detect a scent and will approach in a slow, hesitant manner before making a rush from a short distance.

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If a bear continues to approach and comes within 10 meters (the length of a school bus) without any indication of leaving, try to intimidate the bear. It is extremely important that you do not act submissive when the bear is at close range.

• Dropping an object, not your pack, may distract the bear while you move quietly away. • Move out of the bear’s path, if possible. • Do not run, keep facing the bear. • Prepare to use your bear spray. Point the cloud just above the bear’s head. • Talk in a firm voice, if the bear continues to move towards you shout at the bear. • Do NOT stare the bear in the eye, this is a show of dominance. • Act more aggressive as the bear gets closer. • Make yourselves as large as possible by staying together, standing of a log or rock, or moving uphill. • Pick up a stick or rocks to use as weapons. • Stomp your feet and use rapid hand movements. • Become extremely forceful.

In most cases the bear will move away. If the bear does move away, it is important to remain aware and alert. The bear may not be far away and may return for a second encounter.

Predatory attacks:

• If the bear physically attacks you should fight back and focus on the face, eyes, and nose. • Do NOT play dead. The bear does not see you as a threat, it sees you as a food source. • Continue to use bear spray. • You will most likely be knocked down. Stay on your back and continue to fight. • Use whatever weapon is at hand. A rock is better than a fist. • Be as loud, aggressive, and forceful as you can.

Wolf Awareness

Normally wolves are secretive and will run away when they encounter people, they rely on their speed to escape threats. Wolves may dash toward a threat but then veer off with sharp barks and snorts. Wolves are usually extremely aggressive only in self-defense or if injured. If a wolf does appear and acts unafraid or aggressive take the following actions:

• Do not allow the wolf to approach any closer than 100 meters (the length of a football field). • Raise your arms and wave them in the air to appear larger. • Aggressively lunge toward the wolf while yelling or clapping. • Use an air horn. • Stare directly at the wolf. • Make noise, throw sticks, rocks, and sand at the wolf. • Stay together in a group and act in unison. • Back away slowly, do not turn your back on wolves.

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• Do NOT run. • Climb a tree, wolves cannot climb trees. • If there is more than one wolf, stand back to back with your partner and retreat slowly while acting aggressive. • If a wolf attacks stand your ground, fight with any means possible. Use bear spray, sticks, rocks, etc.

Cougar Awareness

Cougar sightings have become more frequent in the boreal regions of Alberta. Cougars are generally solitary shy animals that avoid humans. In late spring and summer adolescent cougars become independent from their mothers and start searching for their own territory. These are the cougars to watch out for as they are young, inexperienced and are unpredictable; they may attack without warning.

As with other wildlife encounters, seeing a cougar does not mean you are in imminent danger. Watch the cougar’s behavior and respond accordingly.

Do not provoke it. Back slowly away if it is not aware of you. Do NOT run. Do not turn your back.

If the cougar is approaching hissing and snarling or staring intently:

• Show the cougar you are not prey and will fight back. • Shout at the cougar, use your air horn. • Make yourself appear larger by opening your jacket and waving your arms. • If able to do so, drop something (not your pack) to distract the cougar while you back away. • Use your bear spray. • If the cougar attacks fight back, use anything you have as a weapon. Aim at the cougar’s eyes and face. • Never play dead. If you are knocked down get back up – don’t give up.

Elk Awareness

Elk are one of the more dangerous animals. Elk see you as a threat to themselves and their young and will charge unpredictably. Cow elk are particularly aggressive during the May to June calving season; during the September to October mating season bull elk are extremely dangerous.

Aggressive elk will grind their teeth, stare menacingly, and may dig their front hooves into the earth.

• Stay at least three bus lengths away. • Give the elk the right of way. • If the animal is responding to you, you are too close move away. • If an elk approaches you, back away and get behind some sort of obstacle (i.e. tree) or climb a tree. • Use your bear spray.

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Using Bear Spray

The aerosol can shoot a burst of spray up to eight meters but is most effective at short range. To be effective, bear spray must hit the eyes and nose of the animal. Most times, bears that are sprayed leave the area.

How to use

Always carry bear spray so that it is readily accessible, preferably in a holster worn on a belt or pack. Each person should carry their own can of bear spray. Have the nozzle on the cloud or fog option, not the spray option.

1) Remove the safety clip when bear is sighted. 2) Be aware of which way the wind is blowing and try to position yourself upwind of the animal. 3) Aim just above the animal’s head so the fog will fall into the animal’s face. 4) Steady your arm and depress trigger with thumb. 5) Spray a brief shot when the animal is 8 meters (a bus length). 6) Spray again if the animal continues to approach. 7) Deploy in 2 – 3 second bursts. 8) Do not use the entire contents as more than one application may be needed. 9) Once the animal retreats or is busy cleaning itself leave the area as quickly as possible, but do not run.

It is recommended first time users take a test spray or two as the spray is quite forceful and may take some practice to control it.

Transportation

Always ensure the safety is securely fastened before transporting bear spray. Bear spray should never be transported in the cab of a vehicle or helicopter cabin. Bear spray must be carried in the box of the truck or outside the helicopter cabin in a location where it will not be punctured. Pilots must be informed they are carrying bear spray.

Accidental Contamination

If anyone is accidentally contaminated with bear spray use the following guidelines to de-contaminate: • Wash all affected areas with cold water. • Remove contact lenses. • Wash all contaminated clothing ASAP • Take short shallow breaths to avoid breathing in the spray. • Be aware of hypothermia in cool weather conditions.

It may take up to 15 – 20 minutes before relief from symptoms are felt. Seek medical attention if symptoms persist.

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Bear Confrontation Table

Situation Bear’s behavior Your actions If attack occurs Bear doesn’t - Bear is not looking at you. - Remain calm. notice you - Bear’s attention is focused - Walk slowly back the way you elsewhere. came, keep an eye on the bear. - Do not alert the bear to your presence. - Ready bear spray.

Frightened Bear - Bear is looking at you. - Stop, stay calm. (not necessarily - Bear is sniffing air or - Appear non-threatening, dangerous) standing on back legs. speak calmly to bear. - Do not look directly at bear or make eye contact. - Assess the situation, is there food or cubs present? - Ready bear spray. - Allow the bear to retreat. - Go back the way you came.

Defensive Bear -Bear appears stressed and - Stay calm. -Use bear spray. agitated. - Ready bear spray. - Drop and play ‘dead’ - Bear vocalizes; teeth - Try to appear non- just before contact is popping, blowing, huffing. threatening. made. - Ears are back. - Talk in a calm voice. - Lie face down with - Swatting at ground, swaying - When bear stops advancing legs splayed, hands head. back slowly away. clasped behind head, - May bluff charge. elbows out. - Remain quiet until bear has left area.

Predatory Bear - Bear is stalking you. - Try to intimidate bear, talk in - Fight back! (very rare) - Bear is intent on you with a firm loud voice or shout. - Focus on eyes, nose, head and ears up. - Do NOT make eye contact, this face. Be aggressive. - No signs of stress and no is a show of dominance. - Continue to use bear vocalization. - Ready bear spray. spray. - May circle you, sniffing - Make yourself big. Stand on log - Do NOT play dead. before rushing at you. or rock, open jacket. - If knocked down -Stomp feet, wave hands. continue to fight. -Use any weapon at hand.

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Bear Signs – Field Guide

Bears are habitual and territorial roaming familiar areas creating trails. Often, they will use the same established footprints.

Bear Trees -

Bears use trees to mark territory, as rubbing posts and as a food source. These trees are known as ‘bear trees’ and are found in prominent locations along a trail.

Watch for claw marks in the soft, smooth bark of climbing trees, and for tooth marks where bears have used their incisors to scrape the cambium of feeding trees.

High claw and tooth marks are advertising the size of the bear and indicate a challenge to rivals.

Bears love to scratch and rub and will rub against trees, stumps, and bushes. An established bear tree will have years of rubs, scratches, and bites, and may have long hairs embedded in the cracks.

Feeding Signs –

Watch for rocks and logs that have been turned over or torn apart. Scooped out anthills or diggings are also a sign of bear’s presence.

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Bear Scat

Bear scat is tubular, when firm, and often contains plant matter because black bears are mostly vegetarian. Scat can also contain the remains of insects, eggs, birds, mice, rats, chipmunks, fish, honeycomb, and carrion.

During berry season, in the late summer and fall bear scat will be much looser and full of undigested berry seeds.

Unfortunately, black bears are known to eat just about anything they can find so even unusual items may be found in scat such as tin cans, pizza boxes, tent screening, watches and even motorcycle chains.

Bear Scent

Black bears are reported to have a strong ‘animal’ smell which can linger long after the animal has left the area.

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Bear Tracks

Bears often follow well established trails. Wide double ruts in the grass or the ground are a good indication of a bear trail.

Watch the trail for broken sticks; bears, like people, break twigs and sticks as they walk.

The tracks of a bear’s back foot look very similar to a human footprint, although a bear’s foot is wider and shorter. Bears have five toes on both the front and back feet although most often the inside toe, the heel pad of the front foot and the claws don’t leave impressions.

Bears are pacers, wide-bodied animals that move both legs on one side of the body at a time. During a slow walk, the bear's hind foot overlaps the front foot; during a fast walk, the hind foot oversteps (lands in front of) the front foot. See below:

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WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

WORKING SAFELY WITH COMPRESSED GAS – FIELD GUIDE

It is your responsibility to ensure you have received appropriate training in the handling and use of compressed gases before attempting any task involving compressed gas. If you are unsure, ask for help from a knowledgeable lead or co-worker. Read the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) before handling any gas. SDS are located near the compressed gas cylinders in a SDS binder.

Cylinder and Fittings Compressed gases are stored in heavy-walled metal cylinders designed, produced, and tested for use with compressed gases. While cylinders come in a variety of shapes and sizes cylinders for transportation must meet Canadian Standard Association standard CAN/CSA-B339. Cylinders that meet these requirements are often referred to as “TC approved” and will be permanently marked, usually on the shoulder or the top surface of the cylinder neck. Usually cylinders must be retested or inspected every five or ten years and the date of each test must be stamped on the cylinder.

Cylinder Valves and Connections Compressed gas cylinders must be connected to regulators and equipment designed only for the gas in the cylinder. There are many different standard cylinder valve outlets available for different classes of gas; for example, standard connections prevent the valve connection for a flammable gas from fitting the connection for an incompatible gas such as an oxidizing gas. Connecting the wrong equipment can be dangerous.

Most compressed gas cylinders have valve caps or some other method of protecting the valve from damage during handling and transportation. Ensure these are in place before moving a compressed gas cylinder. A dust cap may also be placed over the valve outlet itself to keep it clean during storage.

Compressed Gas Regulators Gas regulators are used to reduce the high pressure of a compressed gas cylinder to safe and useable pressures. They are designed for use with specific gases. Always use the proper regulator for the gas in the cylinder; they are designed to provide the correct flow rate for each particular gas. Using the wrong regulator may cause some gases to react with materials inside the regulator.

Plaques, decals, or engraved numbers on the regulator may indicate which gas the regulator is designed for. Cylinder valve connections on regulators are also designed to minimize the chances of using the wrong regulator. Always verify that you have the correct regulator for your application.

The Compressed Gas Association (CGA) has developed a system to help prevent using the incorrect regulator on a compressed gas cylinder. Each cylinder and regulator has a connection fitting that is designated by a CGA number. Attached is a table of CGA connection numbers and gases commonly used by WBEA.

Table 1. CGA connection numbers for compressed gas cylinder regulators commonly used by WBEA.

Gas CGA Connection Air (industrial grade) 590 Ammonia 705 Argon 580 Carbon dioxide 320

Carb on monoxide 350 Helium 580 Hydrogen 350

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Hydrogen sulfide 330 Methane 350 Nitric oxide 660 Nitrogen 580 Propane 510 Sulfur dioxide 660

Cylinder Safety Devices Most cylinders have one or more safety devices that are designed to prevent rupture of the cylinder if the internal pressure exceeds design limits. Pressure can become dangerously high if a cylinder is exposed to fire or heat, including high storage temperatures.

There are three types of safety-relief devices. Each relieves excessive gas pressure in a different way.

Safety- or Pressure-Relief Valves: These valves are usually part of the cylinder. The valve is usually held closed by a spring. The valve opens if the cylinder pressure exceeds the set safety limit releasing gas until the cylinder pressure drops back to the safety limit. The valve then closes retaining the remainder of the gas in the cylinder. The force holding the valve closed is set according to the type of gas in the cylinder.

Rupture Discs: Also known as frangible or bursting discs these discs are usually made of metal. They burst or rupture at a certain pressure releasing the gas in the cylinder. The bursting pressure is designed so that the disc ruptures before the cylinder test pressure is reached. These devices cannot be reclosed, so the entire contents of the cylinder are released.

Fusible Plugs: Also called fuse or melt plugs these plugs are activated by temperature, not pressure. These devices are used where heat could initiate an explosive chemical reaction. If an explosive reaction has already begun a Safety Valve or Rupture Disc act too slowly and too late to prevent rupture of the cylinder. A fusible plug releases the gas before the hazardous reaction can begin. Fusible plugs are made of metals that melt at low temperatures. For example, acetylene cylinders have a fusible plug which melts at about 100 C, which is safely below the temperature at which hazardous polymerization could occur.

*Not all compressed gas cylinders have safety devices. Some gases are so toxic that their release through a safety device would be hazardous. Cylinders for these gases are built to withstand higher pressures than normal cylinders. When these ‘toxic gas’ cylinders are involved in a fire, the area must be evacuated.

Identifying Gas Content Different gas suppliers use different colors to identify their gases. Our main gas supplier, Praxair, identifies its gases by putting a colored collar around the valve stem; e.g. blue indicates hydrogen, black indicates nitrogen. It is always good practice to identify gas content by reading the identifying mark on the shoulder of the cylinder rather than solely relying on the cylinder collar color.

Receiving Compressed Gas Cylinders ✓ Inspect all incoming cylinders before storing them to ensure they are undamaged and properly labelled. ✓ Do not accept delivery of defective cylinders or those that are giving off odor, visible fumes or hissing sounds or have missing or unreadable labels and markings. ✓ Check the cylinder was last tested within the required time frame (usually 5 or 10 years). ✓ Check that cylinder labels are intact and that they match other identifying markings on the cylinder. ✓ The SDS for the contents of each cylinder must be provided with the gas cylinder. ✓ Gases that cannot be clearly identified should not be used. ✓ Leave the valve cap in place until the cylinder is to be used.

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✓ Inspect the cylinder valve by looking through the ports in the valve cap. Do not accept any cylinders that have dirty, rusted, or damaged valves and fixtures.

Handling Compressed Gas Cylinders Compressed gas cylinders are always to be handled, transported, and stored in accordance with the manufacturer’s or gas supplier’s specifications.

- Always transport cylinders with the regulator removed and valve caps or other valve protection in place. - Transport cylinders on specially built hand carts or trolleys or other devices designed for this. All transport devices should have some way of securing cylinders to prevent them from falling. - If a hand cart is unavailable rolling cylinders on their bottom edge (“milk churning”) is acceptable for short distances. - Ensure the pathway is clear prior to moving a cylinder. - Never pull cylinders by their valve caps, roll them on their sides, drag them or slide them. This could cause damage to the cylinder. - Ensure the outlet valve is fully closed and properly secure the valve protection cap. - Never lift cylinders with magnets, chain or wire rope slings. - Do not drop cylinders or otherwise allow them to strike each other. - Always call compressed gases by the name on the supplier label. This reduces confusion, promotes recognition of the hazards involved and precautions to take, and can prevent accidental use of the wrong gas. For example, if oxygen is called ‘air’ someone may use mistakenly use oxygen to run a tool with possible serious results. - Do not hang clothes or equipment over a compressed gas cylinder, it makes it difficult to operate the valve and clothing could become contaminated with a hazardous gas causing it to be highly flammable. Hang any clothing that is contaminated in a well-ventilated area for at least 15 minutes to remove trapped gas. - Never use oxygen or compressed air to remove dust from clothing or equipment. - Properly and promptly dispose of empty or unlabeled cylinders.

Protect yourself Wear Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) appropriate for the hazard potential of the material being worked with. Refer to the SDS for details on the safe handling of the material. At a minimum, you should always wear eye protection, gloves, a long-sleeved shirt, long pants and steel toed boots when handling and working with compressed gas cylinders.

For some gases avoid ordinary safety glasses and use chemical safety goggles instead. Your SDS will guide you on which option is best.

Avoid breathing harmful gases. Always open valves slowly, pointed away from you and others, and use proper the proper tools.

Storing Compressed Gas Cylinders Store compressed gas cylinders separately, away from processing and handling areas and away from incompatible materials. Many compressed gases can undergo dangerous reactions if they contact incompatible materials (gases, liquids, or solids), so store them apart from each other. For example, store oxidizing gases at least 6 meters (20 feet) away from fuel gases or other combustible materials. For details about what is incompatible with a particular gas, reactivity information and storage requirements check the SDS.

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- Always store compressed gas cylinders in a designated area which is well-ventilated, dry, cool, and away from direct sunlight or heat sources. Dampness can cause corrosion of the cylinder. - Never expose cylinders to temperatures above 52 C or below -29 C, unless they are designed for this. - Cylinders that become frozen to a surface can be freed by using warm water. Never apply direct heat to a cylinder. - Keep the amount of compressed gases in storage as small as possible. - Always chain or securely restrain cylinders in an upright position to the wall, rack, or other solid structure. - Securing each cylinder is best but if they must be stored in groups ensure they will not fall. - Ensure the area where the cylinders are stored is fire-resistant and supplied with suitable fire-fighting equipment. - Confirm the cylinder storage area is away from electrical circuits and ignition sources such as sparks, flames, or hot surfaces. - Ensure the area is labelled with suitable warnings (i.e. Notice: Keep all cylinders chained) - Always store full cylinders separately from empty cylinders. - Leave the valve cap securely in place until the cylinder is to be used. - Inspect storage area and cylinders regularly for any deficiencies, such as damaged or leaking cylinders or poor housekeeping. Correct all deficiencies as soon as possible.

“Cracking” a Cylinder Before attaching the regulator, ‘crack’ a secured cylinder by opening the valve slightly then closing it immediately. This will blow out any dust or dirt from the valve outlet. Use two hands on the valve and stand at the side of the valve – never stand directly in front of or behind the valve outlet.

Do not ‘crack’ fuel gases near an ignition source.

Never ‘crack’ hydrogen cylinders since the release of compressed hydrogen may ignite by itself.

Attaching a Regulator When attaching a regulator to a cylinder certain procedures should be followed in a specific sequence. Refer to the manufacturer’s specifications when in doubt.

1. Always wear appropriate PPE such as safety glasses or goggles. 2. Before attaching the regulator, perform a visual inspection of the regulator. Check the condition of the inlet and outlet, look for worn threads and inspect gauges for damage. 3. Visually inspect the cylinder before each usage to detect for any damage, cracks, corrosion, or other defects. 4. Wipe the outlet with a clean, dry, lint free cloth. The threads and mating surface of the regulator and hose connections should also be cleaned before the regulator is attached. A connection problem caused by dirty or damaged threads could result in leaks when the cylinder is used. 5. Always use a cylinder wrench or other tight-fitting wrench to tighten the regulator nut and hose connections. Using an oversized wrench, adjustable wrench, pliers, or a pipe wrench may damage the fittings and make it impossible to tighten them properly. 6. Attach the proper regulator to the compressed gas cylinder. Do not use Teflon TM tape on fittings, metal- to-metal contact makes the seal. Under no circumstances is grease or oil to be used on regulator or cylinder valves because these substances may cause an adverse, dangerous reaction with the cylinder gas. 7. Check for leaks.

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Using and Discharging Compressed Gas - Never work with compressed gas unless appropriately trained. - Wear PPE appropriate for the hazard potential of the material you are working with. - Do not use a cylinder’s color to identify the contents of a gas cylinder; industrial gas cylinder colors are not standardized. - Visually inspect the gas cylinder, regulator and connections for damage or disrepair each time you use them. - Remove the valve cap only after the cylinder has been safely secured then check the cylinder valve and fixture. Clean any dirt, rust, oil, or dirty water which can cause gas leaks if they get into the cylinder valve or gas connection. - Never open a damaged valve, contact your lead or gas supplier for advice. - Use the proper regulator and fittings for the particular gas in the cylinder. - Never use homemade adapters for force connections between the cylinder valve outlet and gas handling equipment. - Cylinders stored in cold areas may have frozen valves. Bring the cylinder into a warm area and allow the valve to thaw overnight at room temperature. - Use only recommended keys or hand wheels to open valves. Never use longer or modified keys to increase leverage. Avoid using badly worn keys, even if the correct key. Do not use pipe wrenches or similar tools on hand wheels. Any of these practices could damage the valve seat or spindle. - Always stand to the side and away from the regulator when opening the main cylinder valve. - Always open valves slowly. Rapid opening of valves results in rapid compression of the gas in the high- pressure passages leading to the seats. Rapid compression can lead to high temperatures which will burn out the regulator and valve seats. - Do not use excessive force when opening or closing a valve. - When opening a valve, WBEA practice is to open the valve all the way open and then back it off (close it) a quarter of a turn. - When closing a valve, turn just enough to stop the flow of gas completely. Never force the valve shut. - Close cylinders when not actually in use. Do not stop the gas flow from a cylinder by just backing off on the regulator. Regulators can develop seat leaks, allowing pressure to build up in equipment attached to the regulator. Ensure all pressure is removed from the regulator. - Close the cylinder valve first, then the regulator. Remove regulators when not in use and store these away from grease and oil. Put protective caps on the fittings when in storage. - Never tamper with cylinders in any way. Do not repaint them, change markings or identification, or interfere with valve threads or safety devices. - Never refill a gas cylinder. - Never heat a cylinder to raise the pressure of the gas inside; this may defeat the safety mechanism.

Using Compressed Gas in WBEA Air Monitoring Stations Employees must take extra precautions when working with compressed gas in Air Monitoring Stations as stations having limited exits. Be sure to check that all equipment connections are leak-tight and remove any cylinders or connection equipment that appears damaged or is in questionable repair.

General Precautions for Empty Cylinders Keeping a positive pressure in an empty compressed gas cylinder helps to prevent back flow or suck back. This back flow is the drawing-back into the cylinder of contaminants or moist air from a higher-pressure system or the atmosphere.

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When a compressed gas cylinder is empty handle it as though it is full since it does contain gas. Keep the valves closed on all empty cylinders. This practice maintains a positive pressure in the cylinder. Empty cylinders with open valves can ‘breath’. Temperature increases or drops in atmospheric pressure can force gas out of the valve of an empty cylinder. Temperature drops or increases in atmospheric pressure can cause air to be drawn through the open valve which could cause serious contamination and a corrosion problem inside the cylinder.

Always: ✓ Close the cylinder valve before removing the gas discharge equipment. ✓ Clearly mark or label the cylinder ‘empty’ or ‘MT’. ✓ Place the cylinder in a storage area separate from that used for full cylinders. ✓ Keep incompatible materials away from the cylinder. ✓ Notify the gas supplier if the cylinder or any part of it is damaged or defective, contaminated or may have been exposed to a possibly hazardous condition such as fire or an electric arc.

Hazards Associated with Working with Compressed Gas Refer to the appropriate SDS for specific information.

Pressure Hazards: All compressed gases are hazardous due to the high pressure inside the cylinder. Damage to the cylinder valve can result in a rapid release of the high-pressure gas propelling the cylinder causing personal injury and damage to property.

Fire and Explosion Hazards: Flammable gases such as acetylene, butane and hydrogen can burn or explode under certain conditions. If flammable gases are allowed to accumulate until their concentration is between their defined Lower Explosion Limit (LEL) and Upper Explosion Limit (UEL), an explosion may occur if there is an ignition source present.

Health Hazards: Many gases are toxic and can cause serious health problems dependent upon the specific gas, its concentration, length of exposure and route of entry. Health symptoms of exposure to gases can be immediate or delayed.

Chemical Burn Hazards: Some compressed gases are corrosive. They can burn or damage skin on contact, burn the eyes or lungs if inhaled, as well as attack and corrode metals.

Asphyxiation Hazards: Asphyxiation is the main hazard associated with inert gases such as helium, argon, and nitrogen. If these gases escape undetected into the atmosphere, they can quickly reduce the oxygen levels below concentrations necessary to support consciousness and life.

Physical Hazards: Compressed gas cylinders are large, heavy, and awkward to handle. Improper handling, or not properly securing cylinders while in use, can cause cylinders to fall causing injury to employees.

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Precautions and Warnings for WBEA Commonly Used Gases Refer to appropriate SDS for more detailed information.

Ammonia (NH3) Ammonia is an extremely strong irritant and lachrymator. Exposures of 2500 ppm are life threatening. Skin contact with the gas or liquid may result in severe frostbite. Do not touch frosted pipes and valves. Ammonia reacts with diverse compounds to form explosive products. Especially avoid contact with silver, gold and mercury. Always use the appropriate regulator with the gas in use (see Table 1). WBEA uses this gas in a concentration of 200 ppm/balance N2.

Argon (Ar), Nitrogen (N2), Helium (He) and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) These gases can all cause rapid asphyxiation and death if released in a confined area. These gases, either as a liquid or gas may cause severe frostbite to eyes or skin. Do not touch frosted pipes or valves. Always use the appropriate regulator with the gas in use (see Table 1).

Carbon Monoxide (CO) Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas and is highly toxic to humans and animals. Carbon monoxide combines with hemoglobin to produce carboxyhemoglobin, which is ineffective for delivering oxygen to bodily tissues. This condition is known as anoxemia. Commons symptoms for carbon monoxide poisoning are headaches, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, lethargy and the feeling of weakness. Always use the appropriate regulator with the gas in use (see Table 1). An approved Emergency Response Plan must be in place prior to using this gas. WBEA uses this gas in a concentration of 30 ppm/balance N2.

Hydrogen (H) Hydrogen is a flammable gas. A mixture of hydrogen and oxygen or air will explode in a confined area in the presence of a spark. A hydrogen flame is virtually invisible in a well-lighted area. Hydrogen may cause severe frostbite as a liquid or gas. Do not touch frosted pipes or valves. Take every precaution against hydrogen leaks. Escaping hydrogen cannot be detected by sight, sound, smell or taste. The installation of detectors or carrying personal sensing devices for leak detection is strongly recommended. Because of its low molecular weight, hydrogen tends to collect in high areas, such as at ceiling levels. A flashback arrestor must be used when working with flammable gases. In the event a fire propagates through the hose the arrestor will stop the fire from reaching the tank. Gas detectors and monitors must be calibrated and maintained as per the manufacturer’s operating instructions. Records of this maintenance must be maintained. Always use the appropriate regulator with the gas in use (see Table 1).

Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) Hydrogen sulfide is very toxic and flammable. Exposure to hydrogen sulfide concentrations of 150-250 ppm can cause olfactory fatigue. An exposure of 50-100 ppm can lead to eye damage. An exposure of 800 ppm is the lethal concentration for 50% of humans after five minutes of exposure. At concentrations over 1000 ppm immediate collapse with loss of breathing after a single breath can occur. The installation of permanent gas detectors or carrying personal sensing devices for leak detection is required. Gas detectors and monitors must be calibrated and maintained as per the manufacturer’s operating instructions. Records of this maintenance must be maintained.

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Always use the appropriate regulator with the gas in use. WBEA uses this gas in a concentration of 5 ppm/balance Nitrogen.

WBEA also uses a NOx blend of compressed gas made up of the following: - 500 ppm Methane (CH4) - 50 ppm Nitric Oxide (NO) - 200 ppm Propane (C3H8) - 50 ppm Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) - balance Nitrogen (N2)

Methane (CH4) Methane is a colorless and highly flammable gas and can form an explosive mixture with air. May cause asphyxiation in high concentrations.

Nitric Oxide Nitric Oxide is a colorless gas with a pungent, irritating odor. Nitric Oxide is poisonous, oxidizing and corrosive and may be fatal in inhaled. Symptoms may be delayed 5 to72 hours. In case of exposure prompt medical attention is absolutely necessary, even if not symptoms are present.

Nitrogen Nitrogen is a stable high-pressure gas. Overexposure can cause rapid suffocation. May cause dizziness and drowsiness.

Propane Propane is a highly flammable, explosive gas. Propane is colorless and has a slight gas-like odor. Inhalation may cause dizziness, an irregular heartbeat, narcosis, nausea or asphyxiation.

Sulphur Dioxide Sulphur Dioxide is a colorless non-flammable gas with a sharp irritating odor. It is severely corrosive on contact. Exposure can cause severe respiratory tract, eye and skin burns. May cause frostbite.

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11. HS&E FORMS

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WOODINCIDENT/NEAR BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL MISS FORM ASSOCIATION

Date of Incident: / / Time:  Incident  Near-Miss YY MM DD 2400 Clock

Incident Number Name of Person Reporting

Visibility Condition:  Clear  Fog  Rain  Snow  Bright  Dim  Dark  Dusty

Road/Surface Conditions:  Dry  Wet  Slippery

Other Conditions: Incident Description (Include who, what, where, how, part, components, unit):

Vehicle No.:

Name of Involved: Injured: Yes No Surname Given Name Initial .

Name of Involved: Injured: Yes No Surname Given Name Initial

INCIDENT TYPE (circle) INCIDENT CHARACTER

01 Injury  Struck By or Against  Caught on or Between  Exposure  Slip  Trip 02 Occupational Illness  Fall  Contact With  Over Exertion  Foreign Body  Other: 03 Security  Arson  Theft  Vandalism  Lost  Other: 04 Environmental  Spills  Flaring  E  Pollution  Land Disturbance  Leak mi ssi on

 Other: 05 Damage  Malfunction  Vandalism  Procedural  Struck By or Against  Leak  Trip  Stuck/Sunk  Other:

06 Production  Product Loss  Slopping  Spills  Flaring  Interruption  Trip Degradation Leak  Other: 07 Fire  Fire  Explo sion  Other:

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Reported By: Date Reported: / /

SEVERITY Signature YY MM DD

Actual Severity Potential Severity  Minor  Serious  Major  Minor  Serious  Major

Frequency Formal Investigation  Rare  Occasional  Frequent  Yes  No

Potential for Recurrence  Low  Medium  High

For Injuries/Illness Only Classification:  First Aid  Medical Aid - Doctor  Disability Injury  Fatality

Work restrictions:  Yes  No

Body Parts Injured - (circle one or more of the parts listed)  Eyes  Head (includes face, neck)  Fingers (includes thumb)  Hands (includes wrist)  Arms (includes elbow)  Back  Knees  Legs  Trunk (includes chest, hips, shoulders  Feet (includes toes, ankles)  Internal  Other:

Nature of In jury - (circle one or more)  Cut  Fracture  Allergy  Sprain  Scrape  Shock  Welding Flash  Bruise  Crush  Foreign Body  Burn  Exposure  Puncture  Amputation  Dermatitis  Other:

Incident Costs Estimated cost of repair or replacement:

Causes: (Immediate and Basic)

SPECIFIC ACTIONS TO BE CARRIED OUT

Date Due Date Comp. Action/Work To Control Loss By Whom (YY/MM/DD) (YY/MM/DD)

Signed: Date: / / Supervisor YY MM DD

Comments:

Signed Off By: Date: / / Senior Manager YY MM DD

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Workplace Hazard Identification Form

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION FORM

Hazard Identification

Date: Name of Reporting Worker:

Hazard Immediate Location: Supervisor:

Hazard Description:

(Provide as much description as possible)

Suggested Action or Fix:

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Action Items and Follow Up (For Supervisor/Safety Coordinator Use Only)

Was the hazard followed up on? YES NO (see next)

Reason for no follow up:

Action required:

Person Responsible:

Was worker notified of result? YES NO

Comments:

Signature when complete Date

Management Signature Date

Forward to Safety Coordinator when complete

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MONTHLY INSPECTION FORM FOC/ADMIN OFFICE

Date: ______Area Inspected: ______

Inspection Team: ______

A GENERAL ✓  N/A 1. Work surfaces are clear and organized 2. Good housekeeping practiced in work areas 3. Adequate trash receptacles are provided for work areas 4. Trash receptacles are not filled and overflowing 5. Walkways and corridors are clear and free of obstructions 6. Lighting is adequate and in working order 7. Electrical panels have 1-meter clearance, access is unobstructed

B. EMERGENCY AND FIRE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT ✓  N/A 1. Emergency lights tested and in working order 2. Emergency phone numbers are posted in accessible areas 3. Fire doors are closed, not propped open 4. All exit doors are unobstructed 5. Fire extinguishers and AED inspected monthly 6. Emergency equipment (fire extinguisher, eye wash station) unobstructed 7. MSDS binder is available and accessible

C PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT ✓  N/A 1. Hearing protection worn where required 2. Eye protection worn where required 3. Proper foot protection worn for task at hand 4. Proper hand protection worn for task at hand 5. Face shield or goggle worn as required 6. Working within railings or using fall protection at heights

D HAZARD ASSESSMENTS ✓  N/A 1. Worker has assessed hazards of task 2. Procedures being followed

F TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT ✓  N/A 1. Tools/equipment needing repair tagged, removed from work area 2. Power equipment stored with energy isolated (unplugged) 3. Miter saw, table saw and drill press inspected (guards, cords, damage, etc.) 4. Proper tool used for the task

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G STORAGE ✓  N/A 1. Storage areas are uncluttered and organized 2. Heavy items stored on lower shelving or in bottom file drawers 3. Bookcases/shelving not overloaded 4. Compressed gas cylinders properly restrained with chains/straps 5. Flammable liquids stored in Flammable Materials Cabinet (FMC) 6. Flammable containers are properly closed/covered in FMC 7. Containers properly labelled in FMC

H OTHER ✓  N/A 1. 2.

Non-Compliance Items Item Non-Compliance

Corrective Actions ASSIGNED DATE TO BE DATE DATE ACTION TO COMPLETE COMPLETE

Manager Review: ______Date: ______Signature

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AMS BI-ANNUAL INSPECTION FORM

Date: ______AMS Inspected: ______

Inspector: ______Identified Muster Point: ______

AMS Grounds Good repair Needs N/A maintenance Access Road: passable, in good repair Station fence: no holes, lifted sections Station gate: rolls easily, no holes Station grounds: not overgrown, no tripping hazards, no garbage, walkways shoveled and sanded, etc. Ladder/stairs: attached securely, treads are clear Station roof: clear of snow, tripping hazards Station railings: attached securely, no broken/loose sections Decks: clear of snow and debris, no tripping hazards, equipment secure Lighting: adequate and in working order Power cords: in good shape and positioned correctly inside and outside Other: Station/Decks Yes No N/A Housekeeping: clean, orderly, no cords across floor or hanging loosely Lighting: adequate and in working order Cylinders: restrained Emergency contact numbers: posted Fire extinguisher: unobstructed, inspected monthly First Aid kit: available, fully stocked Hearing protection: available, if required Chair: undamaged, in good working order Equipment: well maintained, properly secured, wires contained Tools: in good repair, stored correctly HVAC system: functioning correctly Step ladder: available and in good working order Other:

Please comment on any non-compliance items, see over

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Non-Compliance Items Non-compliance item Note

Corrective Actions ASSIGNED DATE TO BE DATE DATE ACTION TO COMPLETE COMPLETE

Please forward completed form to Safety Coordinator.

Manager Review: ______Date: ______Signature

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HEALTH, SAFETY, AND ENVIRONMENT AGREEMENT FORM - Employee

It is the belief of Wood Buffalo Environmental Association (WBEA) that all employees are entitled to work in a safe and healthy work environment. It is the duty of every WBEA employee in the performance of their duties to follow and comply fully with the policies, rules, procedures and practices in the WBEA Health, Safety and Environment manual.

I acknowledge that I have read and understood the WBEA Health, Safety and Environment manual particularly Company Rules, Alcohol and Drug policy, Electronic Device Use policy, Working Alone/Remotely policy and Workplace Harassment and Violence policy. I understand compliance with all the standards in the Health, Safety and Environment manual are conditions of employment and I agree to abide by them in the performance of my duties.

I understand my rights as an employee and will ask questions from my lead if I am unsure of any policy, rule, procedure, or practice.

I understand that non-compliance with these policies, rules, procedures and practices may result in disciplinary action up to and including termination of employment.

Employee Name (please print) Employee Signature

Date

Witness Name (please print) Witness Signature

Revised June 2017

175

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WBEA HEALTH, SAFETY, AND ENVIRONMENT AGREEMENT FORM (Non-employee)

It is the belief of Wood Buffalo Environmental Association (WBEA) that everyone working with and for WBEA is entitled to work in a safe and healthy work environment. It is the duty of everyone in the performance of their duties working with WBEA to follow and comply fully with the policies, rules, procedures, and practices outlined in the WBEA Health, Safety, and Environment manual.

I acknowledge that I have read and understood the WBEA Health, Safety, and Environment manual particularly Company Rules, Alcohol and Drug policy, Electronic Device Use policy, Working Alone/Remotely policy, and Workplace Harassment and Violence policy. I understand compliance with all the standards in the Health, Safety and Environment manual are conditions of working with and for WBEA and I agree to abide by them in the performance of my duties.

I understand it takes cooperation from everyone to make a work environment safe and I will actively participate in hazard assessment both for myself and my co-workers and will intervene when necessary. I will report Fit for Duty to all shifts so I am able to perform my duties in peak condition.

I understand my rights as a worker and will ask questions from my WBEA contact or a qualified WBEA co-worker if I am unsure of any policy, rule, procedure, or practice.

I understand that non-compliance with these policies, rules, procedures, and practices may result in removal from WBEA worksites and/or termination of the WBEA contract.

Name (please print) Signature

Date

Witness Name (please print) Witness Signature

Revised June 2017

177

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WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

JOB HAZARD ASSESSMENT (JHA) TEMPLATE

Job Location/Program: Job Description: Date:

Job Hazard Assessment Team Members:

INHERENT RISIDUAL RISKS RISKS JOB STEPS HAZARDS & RISKS CONTROLS AND ACTIONS WITHOUT AFTER CONTROLS CONTROLS

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WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

JHA – AAM - Check equipment and sample collection Job Location: Air Monitor Station Job Description: Check equipment and Date: Revised June 15, 2015 sample collection (AAM)

AAM Job Hazard Assessment Team Members: Jean-Guy Zakrevsky Kelly Baragar Zach Eastman Sue Brown

INHERENT RESIDUAL RISKS RISKS JOB STEPS HAZARDS & RISKS CONTROLS AND ACTIONS WITHOUT AFTER CONTROLS CONTROLS 1. Review Job Risk • Workers unaware of job/task 6 • All workers to read/review JHA and sign it acknowledging this. 2 Assessment requirements, hazards and controls which could lead to • Ensure all workers know what their assigned duties are. improper work processes, injury

or illness to workers.

2. Personal • Pinch points, cuts and scrapes 6 • Basic PPE: High quality hiking boots, leather or cut-resistant gloves, 2

Protective which could lead to personal hard hat, safety glasses, high visibility/reflective vest

Equipment and injury

emergency pack

4 1 • Falling from station roof or • Stay within railed areas. other heights

• Specialized PPE (as required): Fall arrest harness as required

4 1

• Stranded in remote areas • Cell Phone, SPOT device, Safetyline Lone Worker program, first aid kit, emergency supplies (Refer to HS&E Manual – Working Alone/Remotely)

• Follow Supervisor notification procedures for after hour call-out.

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3. Complete Field • Not identifying existing or 6 • All workers to be involved in identifying all hazards and post on DocIt 1

Hazard potential hazards that could under #WO upon arriving at each station.

Assessment cause injury to workers and/or

damage to equipment or

property.

2 1 • Hazards change. • All workers to be involved in identifying changing hazards, to advise other workers of the change.

4. Load materials, • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 3 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves. 1

equipment and

• Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet tools on to truck out of the line of fire. at FOC 4 2

• Tripping on uneven • Check route to vehicle for tripping hazards floors/grounds 4 2

• Slipping on ice, or wet floors • Smaller steps, walk slowly 4 1

• Muscle strain • Use proper lifting techniques (Refer to SJP – Manual Lifting)

• Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HSE Manual – Ergonomics)

• Micro breaks to rest

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WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

5. Drive to work site • Substandard vehicle conditions 3 • Conduct vehicle inspection prior to departure. 1 (under-inflated tires, damaged

or non-functioning lights, low

fuel, low level of windshield washer fluid, etc.)

2 • Poor road conditions (ice, 4 • Drive according to conditions (Refer to HS&E Manual – Driving,

snow, slush, mud, etc.) 6 Winter Driving, Ice Road Driving and Vehicle Use Guidelines) 2

• Heavy traffic, other drivers • Apply defensive driving techniques 4 1

• Unsecured tools, equipment, • Ensure that all tools, equipment and materials are properly secured or and materials stored in appropriate containers

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6. Accessing or • Falling off ladder 4 • Ensure ladder is tied off 1

egressing roof

• Ensure ladder is placed on level ground (safe footing) either by ladder

or stairs and • Maintain 3-point contact at all times while on ladder. (Refer to SWP – working on roof Ladders – Fixed, Step and Portable)

1 • Check rungs for build-up of snow, ice or mud • Tripping on stairs 2

4 2

• Use handrails • Slippery roof surface 4 1

• Clear snow and ice and use traction aid as required • Falling off roof 2 1

• Stay within railed-off areas. If required to work outside railed off areas,

use fall protection 1 • Dropping/falling tools and 3 equipment

• Place items in tool bag or other container, raising and lowering them

by rope. Ensure others are out of the line of fire • Inclement or extreme weather conditions

• Check weather forecast prior to starting work and dress appropriately (Refer to SWP – Weather)

7. Conduct • Electric shock, stored energy 3 • Unplug equipment and leave it for a minimum of 2 minutes prior to 1 preventative accessing

maintenance or

repairs on 3 1 equipment • Burns from hot components • Check for heat emanation prior to handling 3 1

• Cuts, scrapes, and pinch points • Be aware of hand and finger positioning

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8. Load materials, • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 4 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves 1 equipment and

tools back on to • Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet

truck out of the line of fire.

4 2

• Tripping on uneven • Check route to vehicle for tripping hazards floors/grounds

2 4

• Slipping on ice, or wet floors 4 1 • Smaller steps, walk slowly

• Muscle strain • Use proper lifting techniques (Refer to SJP – Manual Lifting)

• Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HS&E Manual – Ergonomics)

• Micro breaks to rest

9. Drive back to • Substandard vehicle conditions 3 • Conduct vehicle inspection prior to departure. 1 FOC (under-inflated tires, damaged

or non-functioning lights, low

fuel, low level of windshield washer fluid, etc.)

2 • Poor road conditions (ice, 4 • Drive according to conditions (Refer to HS&E Manual – Driving,

snow, slush, mud, etc.) 6 Winter Driving, Ice Road Driving and Vehicle Use Guidelines) 2

• Heavy traffic, other drivers • Apply defensive driving techniques 4 1

• Unsecured tools, equipment • Ensure that all tools, equipment and materials are properly secured or and materials stored in appropriate containers

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10. Unloading tools, • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 3 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves. 1 equipment and

materials at FOC • Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet

out of the line of fire.

4 2

• Tripping on uneven • Check route to vehicle for tripping hazards floors/grounds 4 2

• Slipping on ice, or wet floors • Smaller steps, walk slowly 4 1

• Muscle strain • Use proper lifting techniques (Refer to SJP – Manual Lifting)

• Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HSE Manual – Ergonomics)

• Micro breaks to rest

11. Site Maintenance • Slip, trips and falls from tools, 2 • Clean up as the work is being done 1 materials on ground

4 1 • Environmental damage from • Ensure site is clean prior to departure garbage, materials left behind

185

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JHA – AAM - Driving Ice Road Program: AAM Job Description: Driving Fort Chipewyan Date: Revised June 16, 2015 Ice Road (AAM)

Job Hazard Assessment Team Members: Zach Eastman Ryan Power Sue Brown

RISK RISK HAZARDS RATING RATING BASIC STEPS CONTROLS AND ACTIONS (Known & Foreseeable) WITHOUT AFTER CONTROLS CONTROLS 1. Pre-trip planning • Poor weather conditions 4 • Check weather forecast and plan or postpone trip, if possible, 1 according to forecast. • Ensure vehicle and worker are properly equipped for all weather conditions (Refer to HS&E Manual, SWP – Driving, Winter Driving, Ice Road Driving). • No planned itinerary 3 • Leave itinerary with Supervisor. 1 • Ensure worker follows working alone and working remotely procedures (Refer to HS&E Manual, Working Alone/Remotely). • Incorrect or lack of PPE 3 • Always make a last minute check to ensure all PPE, emergency 1 and emergency equipment. survival equipment and sampling/maintenance equipment is in good working order and loaded into truck. (Refer to HS&E Manual, SWP – Ice Road Driving).

• Workers unaware of job 4 • All workers review JHAs – Driving Ice Road and Check Equipment 2 requirements, hazards and and Sample Collection. controls. • All workers to be involved in identifying hazards. Hazards to be included in #WO DocIt entry.

• Workers do not reassess 2 • All workers to be involved in continually identifying changing 1 when hazards changes. hazards, to advise other workers and include the hazard in #WO DocIt entry.

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2. Load materials, • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 3 • Wear work gloves. 1 tools and • Be aware of body positioning, keep hands and fingers out of line

equipment onto of fire. truck at FOC

• Slipping on ice or wet floor 4 • Check route to vehicle for hazards, eliminate hazards (i.e. shovel 2 • Tripping on uneven ground snow, sand icy surfaces). • Smaller steps, walk slowly, carry small loads.

• Muscle strain 4 • Use proper lifting techniques (Refer to HS&E Manual, SJP- 1 Manual Lifting). • Stretch prior to task (Refer to HS&E Manual – Ergonomics).

• Take micro breaks to rest.

3. Drive to AMS 8, • Substandard vehicle 3 • Conduct vehicle inspection prior to departure. 1 Fort Chipewyan conditions

• Poor weather conditions • Ensure vehicle is equipped for conditions. 2 • Poor road conditions, ice 6 • Have Emergency Survival kit in vehicle (Refer to HS&E Manual, road, uncontrolled road, SWP- Ice Road Driving). blind corners, soft • Drive according to conditions. (Refer to HS&E Manual, SWP –

shoulders Driving, Winter Driving and Ice Road Driving).

• Falling through ice road 4 • Follow crossing rules as per signs and road condition warnings. 1 • Have driver’s window open during river crossings.

• Heavy traffic, other drivers 6 • Apply defensive driving techniques. 2

• Out of cell phone range 4 • Travel with SPOT device (Refer to HS&E Manual - Working 1 Alone/Remotely).

• Run out of gas • Travel with extra jerry cans of gasoline (Refer to HS&E Manual -

2 Working Alone/Remotely and SWP – Ice Road Driving). 1 • Fill up before leaving Fort McMurray.

• Unsecured or loose load • Ensure all materials, equipment and tools in truck are secured or

stored in appropriate containers. 4 1

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WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

4. Drive to AMS 8, • Drive off road, stuck vehicle 6 • Travel with Emergency Survival kit, which includes chains and 2 Fort Chipewyan • Stranded traction mat (Refer to HS&E Manual, Working Alone/Remotely

continued and SWP – Ice Road Driving).

• Collision with wildlife 6 • Be alert for wildlife, particularly at dawn and dusk. 4 • (Contact Alberta Fish and Wildlife, #780-743-7200 when destination is reached, if involved in wildlife incident.)

5. Unload materials, • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 3 • Wear work gloves. 1 tools and • Be aware of body positioning, keep hands and fingers out of line of

equipment fire.

• Muscle strain 4 • Use proper lifting techniques (Refer to HS&E Manual - Manual 1 Lifting). • Stretch prior to task (Refer to HS&E Manual - Ergonomics).

• Take micro breaks to rest.

• Wildlife encounter 3 • Be alert for signs of wildlife (Refer to HS&E Manual, Wildlife and 1 Bear Awareness Field Guide). 6. Access or egress • Tripping on stairs 2 • Use handrails. 1 station roof by • Slipping on roof surface 4 • Clear snow and ice off of stairs and roof. 2

stairs, working on roof • Falling off roof 6 • Stay within railed areas, if required to work outside of railed areas 1 use fall protection (Refer to Alberta OH&S Code, Part 9). • Use SafetyLine Monitoring System set to a more frequent check-in setting (Refer to HS&E Manual - Working Alone/Remotely).

• Check weather forecast prior to starting work and reschedule work or • Extreme weather 6 dress appropriately (Refer to HS&E Manual, SWP – Weather). 1

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WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

7. Conduct • Electric shock, stored energy 3 • Unplug equipment and leave for a minimum of 2 minutes before 1 maintenance or • Burns from hot components 3 accessing. 1

repairs on • Check for heat emanation prior to handling. equipment

• Cuts, scrapes, and pinch 3 • Be aware of hand and finger positioning. 1 points

8. Site maintenance • Slip, trips and falls 2 • Shovel snow, sand icy surfaces. 1 • Be aware of foot placement.

• Pinch points 2 • Be aware of hand and finger positioning 1

• Environmental damage/wildlife • Ensure site is clean prior to departure. attractant from garbage, 2 1

materials left behind • Use proper lifting techniques (Refer to HS&E Manual, SWP – • Muscle strain 2 Manual Lifting and Carrying). 1 • Stretch prior to task. • Take micro breaks to rest.

9. Load materials, • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 4 • Wear work gloves. 1 tools and • Be aware of body positioning, keep hands and fingers out of line of equipment fire.

• Slipping on ice or wet floor 4 • Check route to vehicle for hazards, eliminate hazards (i.e. shovel 2 • Tripping on uneven ground 4 snow, sand icy surfaces). 1 • Smaller steps, walk slowly, carry small loads.

• Muscle strain 4 • Use proper lifting techniques (Refer to HS&E Manual, SWP – 1 Manual Lifting). • Stretch prior to task. • Take micro breaks to rest.

• Wildlife encounter 4 • Be alert for signs of wildlife, make noise while in remote locations. 1 (Refer to HS&E Manual, Wildlife and Bear Awareness Field Guide).

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WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

10. Drive back to FOC • Stranded at station 3 • Ensure vehicle and worker are properly equipped for all weather 1 • Poor weather conditions conditions (Refer to HS&E Manual, SWP – Driving, Winter

• Poor road conditions, ice Driving and Ice Road Driving).

road, uncontrolled road • Ensure worker follows working alone and working remotely • Fatigue procedures (Refer to HS&E Manual - Working Alone/Remotely section). • Air mattress and microwave stored at AMS 08.

• Falling through ice road 4 • Follow crossing rules as per signs and road condition warnings. 1 • Have driver’s window or door open during river crossings.

• Heavy traffic, other drivers • Apply defensive driving techniques. 6 2

• Out of cell phone range 4 • Travel with SPOT device (Refer to HS&E Manual - Working 1 Alone /Remotely section).

• Run out of gas • Travel with extra jerry cans of gasoline (Refer to HS&E Manual - 2 Working Alone /Remotely section). 1 • Fill up before leaving Fort Chipewyan.

• Drive off road, stuck • Travel with Emergency Survival kit, which includes chains and vehicle 6 traction mat and sleeping bag (Refer to HS&E Manual - Working 2

• Stranded Alone /Remotely section). 3 1

• Be alert for wildlife, particularly at dawn and dusk. • Collision with wildlife • Contact Alberta Fish and Wildlife, #780-743-7200, when 6 destination is reached, if applicable. 4

11. Unload materials, • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 3 • Wear work gloves. 1 tools and • Be aware of body positioning, keep hands and fingers out of line of

equipment fire.

• Slipping on ice or wet floor 4 • Check route to vehicle for hazards, eliminate hazards (i.e. shovel 2 • Tripping on uneven ground 4 snow, sand icy surfaces). 2 • Smaller steps, walk slowly, carry small loads.

• Muscle strain 4 • Use proper lifting techniques (Refer to HS&E Manual, SWP – 1 Manual Lifting). • Stretch prior to task. • Take micro breaks to rest.

191

WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

192

WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

JHA – AAM - Long Distance Driving Program: AAM Job Description: Long Distance Driving Date: November 26, 2015

Job Hazard Assessment Team Members: Devin Russell Kelly Baragar Sue Brown Kendra Thomas Gary Cross Ricardo Jiminez

RISK RISK HAZARDS RATING RATING BASIC STEPS CONTROLS AND ACTIONS (Known & Foreseeable) WITHOUT AFTER CONTROLS CONTROLS 12. Pre-trip planning • Poor weather conditions 2 • Check weather forecast and plan or postpone trip, if possible, 1 according to forecast. • Check highway road report at www.amaroadreports.ca • Ensure vehicle and worker are properly equipped for all weather conditions (Refer to HS&E Manual, SWPs – Driving and Weather). • Ensure Safetyline is engaged, check in as required.

• No itinerary or changed 2 • Leave proposed itinerary with Supervisor or on personnel sign out 1 itinerary board. • Call and advise supervisor if itinerary changes. • Follow all working alone and working remotely procedures (Refer to HS&E Manual, Working Alone/Remotely section).

• Incorrect or lack of PPE, 3 • Always make a last minute check to ensure all PPE, emergency 1 emergency equipment. equipment and sampling/maintenance equipment is in good working order and loaded into truck. (Refer to HS&E Manual).

• Workers unaware of job 2 • All workers review Job Hazard Analyses required for the job. 1 requirements, hazards and • All workers to be involved in identifying hazards either informally, controls. with an FLHA or #WO entry.

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WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

• Workers do not reassess 2 • All workers to be involved in continually identifying changing 1 when hazards changes. hazards either informally, with an FLHA or #WO entry.

13. Load and unload • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 2 • Wear work gloves. 1 materials, tools • Be aware of body positioning, keep hands and fingers out of line

and equipment of fire. onto and off of • Ensure proper lighting. truck at FOC and stations. 1 • Slipping on ice or wet floor 2 • Check route to vehicle for hazards, eliminate hazards (i.e. shovel 1 • Tripping on uneven ground 2 snow, sand icy surfaces).

• Smaller steps, walk slowly, carry small loads. 1 • Muscle strain 2 • Use proper lifting techniques (Refer to HS&E Manual, SWP – Manual Lifting and Carrying).

• Stretch prior to task.

• Take micro breaks to rest. • Ask for assistance when required. • Use a dolly or required equipment when necessary.

• Unsecured or loose load • Ensure all materials, equipment and tools in truck and in truck bed 2 are secured and/or stored in appropriate containers. 14. Drive to and from • Substandard vehicle 2 • Conduct pre-trip vehicle inspection prior to departure. 1 Field Station conditions

• Poor weather conditions 3 • Ensure vehicle is equipped for conditions. 2 • Poor road conditions, ice • Have Emergency kit in vehicle (Refer to HS&E Manual, SWP – road, uncontrolled road, Driving).

blind corners, soft • Drive defensively and according to conditions. (Refer to HS&E

shoulders Manual, SWPs – Driving).

• Avoid driving in dark, if possible. • If in doubt of condition of station access road, park vehicle and

walk the road noting hazards. Refrain from driving on it altogether

or drive around hazards or to hazard conditions.

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WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

Drive to and from • Apply defensive driving techniques. Field Station • Heavy traffic, other drivers 2 • Increase distance between vehicles in adverse conditions. 1 continued • Pull over and allow aggressive drivers to pass, if possible.

• Plan trip to avoid driving in rush hour, if possible.

• Travel with SPOT device (Refer to HS&E Manual, Working 2 • Out of cell phone range Alone /Remotely section). 1

• Fill up before leaving Fort McMurray. • Run out of gas 2 • Ensure you have your fuel card with you.

• Travel with extra jerry cans of gasoline (Refer to HS&E Manual, 1

Working Alone /Remotely section).

• Travel with Emergency Survival kit, which includes strap and traction 3 mat (Refer to HS&E Manual, Working Alone /Remotely section

• Drive off road, stuck vehicle and SWP – Vehicle Recovery). 2

• Stranded • Follow incident procedures sheets stored in glove box.

• Be alert for wildlife, particularly at dawn and dusk. • Collision with wildlife 3 • Drive defensively 2

• Contact Alberta Fish and Wildlife, #780-743-7200 if an incident

occurs.

• Plan your itinerary with fatigue in mind, if possible. Plan longer drives in the morning, shorter drives later in the day. 3 • Fatigue • Stay hydrated, eat light, nutritious meals/snacks. Avoid sugary, 1 processed, high fat, heavy meals/snacks. • Wear sunglasses. • Take driving breaks, get out of the vehicle and stretch, walk around. • Keep the cab at a cooler temperature. • Pull over to a safe location and take a 5 – 15 minute nap. • For driving to locations over 1 1/2 hours from the FOC make an overnight reservation at a camp or hotel. Pebble Beach Camp is located just outside the Suncor Firebag gate and the Radisson Hotel is located in Conklin.

195

WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

JHA – AAM - Loading and Unloading Cylinders Job Location: FOC and Air Monitor Stations Job Description: Loading and Unloading Date: Revised June 16, 2015 Cylinders (AAM)

Job Hazard Assessment Team Members: Jean-Guy Zakrevsky Kelly Baragar Zach Eastman Sue Brown

INHERENT RESIDUAL RISKS RISKS JOB STEPS HAZARDS & RISKS CONTROLS AND ACTIONS WITHOUT AFTER CONTROLS CONTROLS 12. Review Job Risk • Workers unaware of job/task 6 • All workers to read/review JHA and sign it acknowledging this. 2 Assessment requirements, hazards and controls which could lead to • Ensure all workers know what their assigned duties are. improper work processes, injury

or illness to workers.

13. Personal • Pinch points, cuts and scrapes 6 • Basic PPE: Steel toe boots, leather or cut-resistant gloves, safety 2 Protective which could lead to personal glasses Equipment to be injury worn

14. Complete Hazard • Not identifying existing or 6 • All workers to be involved in identifying hazards. 1

Assessment potential hazards that could

cause injury to workers and/or

damage to equipment or property.

2 1 • Hazards change. • All workers to be involved in identifying changing hazards, to advise other workers of the change.

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WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

15. Remove cylinder • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 4 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves 1 from rack and 3 1

move to truck • Crushing injuries • Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet

out of the line of fire.

4 1

• Tripping on uneven floors • Check route to vehicle for tripping hazards 1 4

1 • Smaller steps, walk slowly.

• Slipping on wet floors 4 • Dry floor before moving cylinder.

• Muscle strain • Use proper lifting techniques (Refer to HS&E Manual, SJP - Manual 1 Lifting) 2 • Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HSE Manual – Ergonomics)

• Damage or drop cylinder • Use wheeled cart or spin it to the truck (Refer to HS&E Manual – Working Safely with Compressed Gases Field Guide)

• Micro breaks to rest

16. Load cylinder on • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 4 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves 1 to truck bed 3 2

• Crushing injuries • Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet

out of the line of fire.

2 1

2 1 • Muscle strain • Use proper lifting techniques (Refer to HS&E Manual, SWP - Manual Lifting and Carrying and SJP – Safe Manual Lifting and/or • Damage or drop cylinder Carrying)

• Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HSE Manual Section 17 – Ergonomics)

• Micro breaks to rest

197

WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

17. Load cylinder into • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 2 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves 1 rack on truck 3 1

• Crushing injuries • Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet

out of the line of fire.

4 1

2 1 • Slip or trip while on bed of truck • Ensure truck bed is clear of obstacles and build-up of snow, ice or mud 2 1

• Muscle strain • Use proper lifting techniques (Refer to HS&E Manual, SJP - Manual

Lifting) • Damage or drop cylinder 6 • Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HSE 1 Manual – Ergonomics)

• Unsecured load • Properly secure cylinder upright in rack to prevent it from falling

18. Unload cylinder • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 4 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves 1 from rack and 3 1

truck and move • Crushing injuries • Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet

into station. Move out of the line of fire.

truck as close as 4 1 possible to

station door, • Tripping on uneven floors • Check route to vehicle for tripping hazards 1 backing it up to 4

the door, if 1 possible. • Smaller steps, walk slowly.

• Slipping on wet floors 4 • Dry floor before moving cylinder.

• Muscle strain • Use proper lifting techniques (Refer to HS&E Manual, SJP - Manual 1 Lifting) 2 • Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HSE Manual – Ergonomics)

• Damage or drop cylinder • Use wheeled cart or spin it to the truck (Refer to HS&E Manual – Working Safely with Compressed Gas Field Guide)

• Micro breaks to rest

198

WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

19. Detach regulator • Stored energy in lines 4 • Ensure primary cylinder valve has been completely shut off (Refer to 1 from old cylinder 4 HS&E Manual – Working Safely with Compressed Gas Field 1

and attach it to • Release of gases Guide) the new cylinder

4 1

• Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers out of the line • Pinch points 3 of fire. 1

• Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves • Cuts, scrapes

199

WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

JHA – AAM - AMS 19 – Check Equipment and Sample Collection Job Location: AMS 19 Job Description: AMS 19 – Check Equipment and Sample Collection Date: April 27, 2016

Job Hazard Assessment Team Members: Devin Russell, Sue Brown

20. Unloading tools, • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 3 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves 1

equipment and • Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet materials at work out of the line of fire. site 4 2

• Tripping on uneven • Check route to vehicle for tripping hazards floors/grounds 4 2

• Slipping on ice, or wet floors 1 4 • Smaller steps, walk slowly

• Muscle strain

• Use proper lifting techniques (Refer to HSE Manual, SJP – Manual Lifting; Working Safely with Compressed Gas Field Guide)

• Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HSE Manual – Ergonomics)

• Micro breaks to rest

200

WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

21. Accessing or • Falling off ladder 4 • Maintain 3-point contact at all times while on ladder. (Refer to SWP – 1

egressing roof by Ladders)

secured ladder; • Wear fall protection if climbing above 3 metres working on roof

• Check rungs for build-up of snow, ice or mud

2 4 • Slippery roof surface

4 1 • Clear snow and ice, use traction aid where required

• Falling off roof

1 2 • Stay within railed-off areas. If required to work outside railed off areas,

use fall protection

• Dropping/falling tools and 1 equipment 3 • Place items in tool bag or other container, raising and lowering them by rope. Ensure others are out of the line of fire • Inclement or extreme weather

conditions • Check weather forecast prior to starting work and dress appropriately (Refer to SWP – Weather)

201

WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

22. Conduct • Electric shock, stored energy 3 • Unplug equipment and leave it for a minimum of 2 minutes prior to 1 calibrations, accessing

audit, or repairs.

3 1 • Burns from hot components • Check for heat emanation prior to handling 1 • Wear leather gloves, as applicable

• Cuts, scrapes and pinch points

• Be aware of hand and finger positioning 1 4 • Wear cut resistant or leather gloves, as applicable

• Wildlife sightings

4 • Use wildlife avoidance techniques (Refer to HSE Manual – Wildlife 1 and Bear Awareness Field Guide) • Insect bites

• Wear bug jackets, long sleeved shirts and long pants.

23. Site Maintenance • Slip, trips and falls from tools, 2 • Clean up as the work is being done 1 materials on ground

4 1 • Environmental damage from • Ensure site is clean prior to departure garbage, materials left behind

202

WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

24. Load materials, • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 4 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves 1 equipment and

tools back on to • Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet

truck out of the line of fire.

4 2

• Tripping on uneven • Check route to vehicle for tripping hazards floors/grounds

2 4

• Slipping on ice, or wet floors 4 1 • Smaller steps, walk slowly

• Muscle strain • Use proper lifting techniques (Refer to HSE Manual, SJP – Manual Lifting; Working Safely with Compressed Gas Field Guide)

• Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HSE Manual – Ergonomics)

• Micro breaks to rest

203

WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

204

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JHA - TEEM – Chainsaw use/ Falling trees Job Location: Field/remote locations Job Description: TEEM – Chainsaw use/ Date: Sept 30, 2016 Falling trees

Job Hazard Assessment Team Members: Sue Brown Cody David

JOB STEPS HAZARDS & RISKS CONTROLS AND ACTIONS

25. Review Job Risk • Worker untrained or improperly trained. • Minimum mandatory chainsaw safety course required for any worker(s) Assessment performing chainsaw operations.

• Minimum mandatory tree falling certification required for any worker(s) performing

tree falling operations for trees over 15 cm or trees requiring rigging to fall safely.

• Workers unaware of job/task requirements, • All workers to read/review and understand Job Hazard Analysis. hazards and controls which could lead to • Operator to follow the Six Step Systematic Tree Felling Plan: Risk Assessment, improper work processes, injury or illness to Assessing Leans and Height, Equipment, Escape Route, Notch Plan and Back workers. Cut Plan.

• Chainsaw can only be operated when two or more workers are present. Second worker to be in radio communication with pilot, if transported to field by helicopter.

• Ensure all workers know what their assigned duties are and review communication signals.

26. Complete Field Hazard • Not identifying existing or potential hazards • All workers to be involved in identifying all hazards on FLHA in the field. Assessment that could cause injury to workers and/or • If at any time the job is felt to be unsafe, workers should stop working until damage to equipment or property. the appropriate PPE, conditions or equipment are available to make the job safe.

• Develop and discuss emergency procedures to everyone present.

• First aid kit should be on hand and readily available. • Hazards change.

• All workers to be involved in identifying changing hazards, advise other workers of the change and include them on the FLHA.

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27. Assess PPE required • Injury from lack of or incorrect PPE. • All workers working near or around chainsaws and tree falling wear appropriate PPE which includes: Hard hat, ear protection, safety glasses/face shield, gloves, chaps (faller only) and work boots.

28. Assess equipment • Injury from faulty or poorly maintained • Thoroughly inspect chainsaw before leaving the FOC. equipment. • Chainsaws must be equipped with a chain brake and anti-kickback device.

• Test chain brake prior to each use.

• Chains are to be kept sharp, as per manufacturer’s specifications.

• Chainsaw is to be cleaned and maintained as per manufacturer’s specifications.

29. Transport chainsaw, tools • Injuries or property damage from • Tools and equipment must be secured when transporting and be transported in and fuel transporting tools. their protective covers/scabbards. • Keep the power head close to body when carrying.

• Be aware of areas that can become extremely hot during use (i.e. mufflers).

• Pack securely in vehicle.

• Never carry fuel inside the passenger compartment of vehicle or helicopter.

• Advise helicopter pilot of equipment and fuel that will be transported. Pack

according to pilot’s instructions. • Hazards change.

• Reassess surroundings and hazards on an ongoing basis, adjust mitigation controls as required.

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30. Preparing the work area. • Tripping hazards. • Clear brush and debris, visually examine area to establish firm footing.

• Clear multiple escape routes at 45° angles opposite felling direction to safety zones, plan these ahead.

• Injury to worker, bystanders/co-workers. • Consider the shape and lean of tree; size up tree for rot, disease, widowmakers, loose bark

• Consider wind direction and force; plan and clear escape route.

• Worker should never attempt to cut any tree that is unsafe, that worker is uncomfortable with or is beyond worker’s skill level, or if conditions aren’t right or hazardous.

• Warn all bystanders/co-workers, ensure all workers know what their assigned duties are and review Command/Response communication signals: chainsaw operator signals readiness with a verbal “Stand clear”, nearby workers respond with a verbal “All Clear”.

31. Preparing the work area. • Not identifying existing or potential • All workers to read/review JHA and FLHA. hazards that could cause injury to workers

and/or damage to equipment or property.

• Wear long sleeved shirts and pants. • Insect bites/stings • Use insect repellent when required.

• Do not swat at insects or flail arms, retreat slowly and calmly.

• If allergic, carry an epi pen and advise co-workers of allergy.

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32. Starting the saw • Cutting injuries to hands, feet, torso. • Wear required PPE (i.e. gloves, chaps, safety glasses/face shield, hearing protection and work boots.

• Chains should be sharp. • Ensure co-workers are clear of saw.

• Start saw as per proper training techniques. (i.e. saw on ground with foot on rear handle)

• Maintain secure footing. • Struck by flying debris/debris entering eyes

• Bystanders/co-workers stand clear of work area.

• Hearing loss • Wear required PPE (see above)

• Wear appropriate hearing protection.

33. Falling trees/cutting brush • Injuries to faller. • Assess tree for hazards such as rot, disease, loose bark, widowmakers, dead limbs, etc.

• Assess surrounding trees for damage and/or structural weaknesses.

• Wear required PPE (see above).

• Plan all cuts and position body to reduce the potential for injury

• Maintain solid footing and have thumbs encircling bar and handle at all times; keep left arm and elbow straight, two hands on saw, body to the left of saw, maintain secure footing, never cut above shoulder level, cut with underside of blade as much as possible.

• Always keep your eyes on the tree as it falls.

• Apply chain brake for all body repositioning, clearing.

• Stop engine for all saw cleaning, refuelling, adjustments and repairs.

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34. Falling trees/cutting brush cont. • Struck by flying debris/debris entering eyes • Bystanders/co-workers stand clear of work area.

• Wear required PPE (see above)

• Log or limb falling or rolling into/onto body • Position body upslope of work so cut pieces roll away from feet, legs and body.

• Anticipate ‘spring back’ from saplings or pinched trees.

• Continually watch for hazards, look up, down and all around.

• Kickback, blade bucking away from wood

• Operator needs to be familiar with the principles of kick-back and how to avoid it.

• Make sure rocks or concrete will not contact blade; make sure blade is moving before contacting wood; use wedge when necessary to prevent blade from binding; use correct notch and back cut techniques.

• Muscle strain, fatigue • Use proper body positioning, stretch, take frequent breaks, stay hydrated.

• Injuries to bystanders/co-workers • Ensure all workers know what their assigned duties are and review communication signals.

• Bystanders/co-workers stand clear of work area.

• Hearing loss • Wear hearing protection.

• Take frequent breaks. • Complacency/distraction • Operators must know their own physical limitations, skill level and capabilities.

• Workers monitor each other for signs of complacency.

• Ensure all workers know what their assigned duties are and review communication signals.

• Exhaustion/Heat stroke • Take frequent breaks in the shade. • Stay hydrated. • Schedule most physical work for coolest part of the day, if possible. • Workers monitor each other for sign of exhaustion/heat stroke.

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JHA – TEEM - Ecological Data and Sample Collection Job Location: Field/ Remote Location Job Description: Ecological Data and Date: Revised June 16, 2015 Sample Collection (TEEM)

Job Hazard Assessment Team Members: Abena Twumasi-Smith Jean-Guy Zakrevsky Natalie Bonnell Sue Brown

INHERENT RESIDUAL RISKS RISKS JOB STEPS HAZARDS & RISKS CONTROLS AND ACTIONS WITHOUT AFTER CONTROLS CONTROLS 35. Review Job Risk • Workers unaware of job/task 6 • All workers to read/review JHA and sign it acknowledging this. 2 Assessment requirements, hazards and • Ensure all workers know what their assigned duties are. controls which could lead to improper work processes, injury or illness to workers. 36. Personal • Pinch points, cuts and scrapes 6 • Basic PPE: High quality hiking boots, leather or cut-resistant gloves, 2 Protective which could lead to personal hard hat, safety glasses, high visibility/reflective vest

Equipment and injury emergency pack

• Falling from station roof or 4 • Specialized PPE (as required): Fall arrest harness as required 1 other heights • Stay within railed areas. • Climb towers only if certified for climbing.

• Cell phone, SPOT device, Safetyline Lone Worker program, first aid • Stranded in remote areas 1 6 kit, emergency supplies (Refer to HS&E Manual – Working Alone/Remotely) 37. Complete Field • Not identifying existing or 6 • All workers to be involved in identifying all hazards on FLHA in field. 1 Hazard potential hazards that could

Assessment cause injury to workers and/or

damage to equipment or property. • All workers to be involved in identifying changing hazards, to advise • Hazards change. 2 other workers of the change and to include them on their FLHA. 1

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38. Load materials, • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 3 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves. 1 equipment and • Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet

tools on to truck out of the line of fire. at FOC

• Tripping on uneven 4 • Check route to vehicle for tripping hazards 2 floors/grounds • Smaller steps, walk slowly • Slipping on ice, or wet floors 4 • Clean and dry floors. Use traction aid where required. 2

• Muscle strain 4 • Use proper lifting techniques (Refer to HS&E Manual, SJP - Manual 1 Lifting) • Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HS&E Manual – Ergonomics) • Micro breaks to rest 39. Drive to airport/ • Substandard vehicle conditions 3 • Conduct vehicle inspection prior to departure. 1 helicopter hanger (under-inflated tires, damaged

or non-functioning lights, low

fuel, low level of windshield washer fluid, etc.)

• Poor road conditions (ice, 4 • Drive according to conditions (Refer to HS&E Manual, SWP – Driving 2

snow, slush, mud, etc.) and Vehicle Use Guidelines) • Heavy traffic, other drivers 6 • Apply defensive driving techniques 2

• Unsecured tools, equipment • Ensure that all tools, equipment and materials are properly secured or 1 4 and materials stored in appropriate containers 40. Unloading tools, • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 3 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves 1 equipment and • Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet

materials at out of the line of fire. airport/ hanger,

and load helicopter • Tripping on uneven 4 • Check route to vehicle for tripping hazards 2 floors/grounds • Smaller steps, walk slowly • Slipping on ice, or wet floors 4 • Clean and dry floor, use traction aid when required 2

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41. Access, travel, • Rotating helicopter blades/hot 5 • Follow procedures as outlined by helicopter pilot 2 egress helicopter exhaust • Helicopter not started until passengers seated inside cabin. (Refer to

HS&E Manual, SWP – Helicopter Safety)

• Flying dust and debris 6 • Wear safety glasses (as required) 1

• Loud noise during travel 6 • Wear headphone as provided in the helicopter 1

• Slips and trips accessing or 2 • Use hand grips to enter or exit helicopter 1 egressing helicopter

2 • Inclement/extreme weather • Check weather forecast prior to starting work and dress appropriately 4 conditions (Refer to HS&E Manual, SWP – Weather) • Plan work schedule around weather, in conjunction with pilot.

• Motion sickness 3 • Gravol or other motion sickness medication 1

• Crash situation 5 • Use full safety harness and ensure helmet is properly secured. 3 • Follow SWP – Helicopter Safety, Emergency Situation

42. Walking to and • Tripping hazards from uneven 3 • Look where walking, take smaller steps, be aware of surroundings 1 from and around ground, tree trunks and the work site branches on ground, standing water

• Being hit by tree branches 6 • Wear gloves, long sleeves, long pants 2 • Cuts, scrapes

• Wildlife sightings 4 • Bear spray, air horn, make noise (Refer to HS&E Manual, Wildlife 2 and Bear Awareness Field Guide) • Helicopter to circle area, scan for and scare off wildlife • Periodic check of surroundings for approaching wildlife

• Insect bites 4 • Insect repellent, long sleeves, long pants 2

• Extreme or inclement weather 3 • Check weather forecast prior to starting work and dress appropriately 1 conditions (Refer to HS&E Manual, SWP – Weather) • Plan work schedule around weather, in conjunction with pilot

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43. Tree Sampling • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 6 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves 1 (Collecting cores, • Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet needles and out of the line of fire. bark), using tree coring, clippers, scissors, knife • Debris from trees, blowing dust 6 • Wear safety glasses or face shield. 1 and hatchet

• Tripping on uneven grounds 3 • Look where walking and standing 1

• Muscle strain, repetitive/ 6 • Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HS&E 2 awkward motion injuries Manual – Ergonomics) • Micro breaks to rest 44. Soil Sampling • Muscle strain, repetitive/ 6 • Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HS&E 2 using shovels awkward motion injuries Manual – Ergonomics)

and trowels • Micro breaks to rest

1 • Blowing dust and debris 6 • Wear safety glasses and gloves

• Other workers in the area 2 • Be aware of surroundings and ensure other workers are out of the line 1 of fire 45. Site • Pinch points, crushing injuries, 6 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves 2 Establishment- cuts, scrapes • Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet

Pounding stakes out of the line of fire. using a 3-5lb

sledge hammer • Debris from flying objects while 2 • Wear safety glasses. 1 pounding

• Tripping on uneven grounds, 4 • Be aware of body positioning, keep feet grounded. 1 maintaining good position.

• Muscle strain, repetitive/ 4 • Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HS&E 2 awkward motion injuries Manual – Ergonomics) • Micro breaks to rest 46. Site Maintenance • Slip, trips and falls from tools, 2 • Clean up as the work is being done 1 materials on ground

• Environmental damage from 4 • Ensure site is clean prior to departure 1 garbage, materials left behind

214

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JHA – TEEM - Monthly Passive Monitoring Program Job Location: Field/ Remote Location Job Description: Monthly Passive Date: Revised June 16, 2015 Monitoring Program (TEEM)

Job Hazard Assessment Team Members: Abena Twumasi-Smith Jean-Guy Zakrevsky Natalie Bonnell Sue Brown

INHERENT RESIDUAL RISKS RISKS JOB STEPS HAZARDS & RISKS CONTROLS AND ACTIONS WITHOUT AFTER CONTROLS CONTROLS 47. Review Job Risk • Workers unaware of job/task 6 • All workers to read/review JHA and sign it acknowledging this. 2 Assessment requirements, hazards and • Ensure all workers know what their assigned duties are. controls which could lead to improper work processes, injury or illness to workers. 48. Personal • Pinch points, cuts and scrapes 6 • Basic PPE: High quality hiking boots, leather or cut-resistant gloves, 1 Protective which could lead to personal hard hat, safety glasses, high visibility/reflective vest

Equipment and injury emergency pack

• Falling from station roof or 4 • Specialized PPE (as required): Fall arrest harness as required 2 other heights • Stay within railed areas. • Climb towers only if certified

2 6 • Safetyline Lone Worker program, cell phone, SPOT device, first aid kit, • Stranded in remote areas emergency supplies (Refer to HS&E Manual– Working Alone/Remotely) 49. Complete Field • Not identifying existing or 2 • All workers to be involved in identifying all hazards on FLHA in field. 1 Hazard potential hazards that could

Assessment cause injury to workers and/or

damage to equipment or property. • All workers to be involved in identifying changing hazards, to advise • Hazards change. 2 other workers of the change and to include them on their FLHA. 1

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50. Load materials, • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 3 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves. 1 equipment and • Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet

tools on to truck out of the line of fire. at FOC

• Tripping on uneven 4 • Check route to vehicle for tripping hazards 2 floors/grounds • Smaller steps, walk slowly • Slipping on ice, or wet floors 4 • Clean and dry floor, use traction aid if required. 2

• Muscle strain 4 • Use proper lifting techniques (Refer to HS&E Manual, SWP - Manual 1 Lifting) • Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HS&E Manual– Ergonomics) • Micro breaks to rest 51. Drive to airport/ • Substandard vehicle conditions 3 • Conduct vehicle inspection prior to departure. 1 helicopter hanger (under-inflated tires, damaged

or non-functioning lights, low

fuel, low level of windshield washer fluid, etc.)

• Poor road conditions (ice, • Drive according to conditions (Refer to HS&E Manual, SWP – Driving 2 4 snow, slush, mud, etc.) and Vehicle Use Guidelines) • Heavy traffic, other drivers 6 • Apply defensive driving techniques 2

• Unsecured tools, equipment • Ensure that all tools, equipment and materials are properly secured or 1 4 and materials stored in appropriate containers 52. Unloading tools, • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 3 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves 1 equipment and • Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet

materials at out of the line of fire. airport/ hanger,

• Muscle strain 4 • Use proper lifting techniques (Refer to HS&E Manual, SJP – Manual 1 Lifting) • Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HS&E Manual– Ergonomics) • Micro breaks to rest

216

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53. Access, travel, • Rotating helicopter blades/hot 5 • Follow procedures as outlined by helicopter pilot 2 egress helicopter exhaust • Helicopter not started until passengers seated inside cabin. (Refer to

HS&E Manual, SWP – Helicopter Safety)

• Flying dust and debris 6 • Wear safety glasses (as required) 1

• Loud noise during travel 6 • Wear headphone as provided in the helicopter 1

• Slips and trips accessing or 2 • Use hand grips to enter or exit helicopter 1 egressing helicopter

• Motion sickness 3 • Gravol or other motion sickness medication 1

• Crash situation 5 • Use full safety harness and ensure helmet is properly secured. 3 • Follow SWP – Helicopter Safety, Emergency Situation

54. Walking to and • Tripping hazards from uneven 3 • Look where walking, take smaller steps, be aware of surroundings 1 from and around ground, tree trunks and the work site branches on ground, standing water

• Being hit by tree branches 6 • Wear gloves, long sleeves, long pants 2 • Cuts, scrapes

• Insect bites 4 • Insect repellent, long sleeves, long pants 2

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55. Use of ladder to • Ladder falling 3 • Ensure ladder is tied off 1 change samples • Ensure ladder is placed on level ground (safe footing)

• Falling off ladder 3 • Maintain 3-point contact at all times while on ladder 2 (Refer to HS&E Manual, SWP – Ladders, Fixed, Step and Portable) 56. Moving • Falling items 4 • Specialized PPE (as required): Head protection, eye protection, 1 Instruments • Cuts, scrapes gloves • Ensure that no one is directly under the items being raised/lowered up/down tall towers • Ensure necessary safeguards are in place

• Do not climb tower unless certified

• Muscle strain, repetitive/ 4 • Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HS&E 1 awkward motion injuries Manual– Ergonomics) • Micro breaks to rest 57. Site • Pinch points, crushing injuries, 6 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves 2 Establishment- cuts, scrapes • Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet

Pounding stakes out of the line of fire. using a 3-5lb

sledge hammer • Debris from flying objects while 2 • Wear safety glasses. 1 pounding

• Tripping on uneven grounds, 4 • Be aware of body positioning, keep feet grounded. 1 maintaining good position.

• Muscle strain, repetitive/ 4 • Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HS&E 2 awkward motion injuries Manual – Ergonomics) • Micro breaks to rest 58. Site Maintenance • Slip, trips and falls from tools, 2 • Clean up as the work is being done 1 materials on ground

• Environmental damage from 4 • Ensure site is clean prior to departure 1 garbage, materials left behind

218

WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

JHA – TEEM - Seasonal Monitoring Programs Job Location: Field/ Remote Location Job Description: Seasonal Monitoring Date: Revised June 16, 2015 Programs (TEEM)

Job Hazard Assessment Team Members: Abena Twumasi-Smith Jean-Guy Zakrevsky Natalie Bonnell Sue Brown

INHERENT RESIDUAL RISKS RISKS JOB STEPS HAZARDS & RISKS CONTROLS AND ACTIONS WITHOUT AFTER CONTROLS CONTROLS 59. Review Job Risk • Workers unaware of job/task 6 • All workers to read/review JHA and sign it acknowledging this. 2 Assessment requirements, hazards and • Ensure all workers know what their assigned duties are. controls which could lead to improper work processes, injury or illness to workers. 60. Personal • Pinch points, cuts and scrapes 6 • Basic PPE: High quality hiking boots, leather or cut-resistant gloves, 2 Protective which could lead to personal hard hat, safety glasses, high visibility/reflective vest

Equipment and injury emergency pack

• Falling from station roof or 4 • Specialized PPE (as required): Fall arrest harness as required 1 other heights • Stay within railed areas. • Climb towers only if certified for climbing.

• Cell phone, SPOT device, Safetyline Lone Worker program, first aid • Stranded in remote areas 1 6 kit, emergency supplies (Refer to HS&E Manual – Working Alone / Remotely) 61. Complete Field • Not identifying existing or 6 • All workers to be involved in identifying all hazards on FLHA in field. 1 Hazard potential hazards that could

Assessment cause injury to workers and/or

damage to equipment or property. • All workers to be involved in identifying changing hazards, to advise • Hazards change. 2 other workers of the change and to include them on their FLHA. 1

219

WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

62. Load materials, • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 3 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves. 1 equipment and • Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet

tools on to truck out of the line of fire. at FOC

• Muscle strain 4 • Use proper lifting techniques (Refer to HS&E Manual, SJP - Manual 1 Lifting) • Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HS&E Manual – Ergonomics) • Micro breaks to rest 63. Drive to airport/ • Substandard vehicle conditions 3 • Conduct vehicle inspection prior to departure. 1 helicopter hanger (under-inflated tires, damaged

or non-functioning lights, low

fuel, low level of windshield washer fluid, etc.)

• Poor road conditions (ice, 4 • Drive according to conditions (Refer to HS&E Manual, SWP – Driving 2

snow, slush, mud, etc.) and Vehicle Use Guidelines) • Heavy traffic, other drivers 6 • Apply defensive driving techniques 2

• Unsecured tools, equipment • Ensure that all tools, equipment and materials are properly secured or 1 4 and materials stored in appropriate containers 64. Unloading tools, • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 3 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves 1 equipment and • Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet

materials at out of the line of fire. airport/ hanger,

220

WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

65. Access, travel, • Rotating helicopter blades/hot 5 • Follow procedures as outlined by helicopter pilot 2 egress helicopter exhaust • Helicopter not started until passengers seated inside cabin. (Refer to

HS&E Manual, SWP – Helicopter Safety)

• Flying dust and debris 6 • Wear safety glasses (as required) 1

• Loud noise during travel 6 • Wear headphone as provided in the helicopter 1

• Slips and trips accessing or 2 • Use hand grips to enter or exit helicopter 1 egressing helicopter

• Motion sickness 3 • Gravol or other motion sickness medication 1

• Crash situation 5 • Use full safety harness and ensure helmet is properly secured. 3 • Follow SWP – Helicopter Safety, Emergency Situation

66. Walking to and • Tripping hazards from uneven 3 • Look where walking, take smaller steps, be aware of surroundings 1 from and around ground, tree trunks and the work site branches on ground, standing water

• Being hit by tree branches 6 • Wear gloves, long sleeves, long pants 2 • Cuts, scrapes

• Insect bites 4 • Insect repellent, long sleeves, long pants 2

221

WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

67. Installing • Electric shock, stored energy 3 • Unplug equipment and leave it for a minimum of 2 minutes prior to 1 Electrical accessing.

Systems • Cuts, scrapes and pinch points • Be aware of hand and finger positioning. Wear the appropriate work 2 1 gloves.

68. Soil Sampling • Muscle strain, repetitive/ 6 • Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HS&E 2 using shovels awkward motion injuries Manual – Ergonomics) and trowels • Micro breaks to rest 1 • Blowing dust and debris 6 • Wear safety glasses and gloves

• Other workers in the area 2 • Be aware of surroundings and ensure other workers are out of the line 1 of fire 69. Site • Pinch points, crushing injuries, 6 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves 2 Establishment- cuts, scrapes • Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet

Pounding stakes out of the line of fire. using a 3-5lb

sledge hammer • Debris from flying objects while 2 • Wear safety glasses. 1 pounding

• Tripping on uneven grounds, 4 • Be aware of body positioning, keep feet grounded. 1 maintaining good position.

• Muscle strain, repetitive/ 4 • Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HS&E 2 awkward motion injuries Manual – Ergonomics) • Micro breaks to rest 70. Site Maintenance • Slip, trips and falls from tools, 2 • Clean up as the work is being done 1 materials on ground

• Environmental damage from 4 • Ensure site is clean prior to departure 1 garbage, materials left behind

222

WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

JHA – TEEM – Field Operations Job Location: Field/ Remote Location Job Description: TEEM Field Operations Date: Revised June 15, 2015

Job Hazard Assessment Team Members: Abena Twumasi-Smith Jean-Guy Zakrevsky Natalie Bonnell Sue Brown

INHERENT RESIDUAL RISKS RISKS JOB STEPS HAZARDS & RISKS CONTROLS AND ACTIONS WITHOUT AFTER CONTROLS CONTROLS 71. Review Job Risk • Workers unaware of job/task 6 • All workers to read/review JHA and sign it acknowledging this. 2 Assessment requirements, hazards and • Ensure all workers know what their assigned duties are. controls which could lead to improper work processes, injury or illness to workers. 72. Personal • Pinch points, cuts and scrapes 6 • Basic PPE: High quality hiking boots, leather or cut-resistant gloves, 2 Protective which could lead to personal hard hat, safety glasses, high visibility/reflective vest

Equipment and injury emergency pack

• Falling from station roof or 4 • Specialized PPE (as required): Fall arrest harness as required 1 other heights • Stay within railed areas. • Climb towers only if certified for climbing.

• Cell phone, SPOT device, Safetyline Lone Worker program, first aid • Stranded in remote areas 1 6 kit, emergency supplies (Refer to HS&E Manual – Working Alone/Remotely) 73. Complete Field • Not identifying existing or 6 • All workers to be involved in identifying all hazards on FLHA in field. 1 Hazard potential hazards that could

Assessment cause injury to workers and/or

damage to equipment or property. • All workers to be involved in identifying changing hazards, to advise • Hazards change. 2 other workers of the change and to include them on their FLHA. 1

223

WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

74. Load materials, • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 3 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves. 1 equipment and • Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet

tools on to truck out of the line of fire. at FOC

• Muscle strain 4 • Use proper lifting techniques (Refer to HS&E Manual, SJP - Manual 1 Lifting) • Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HS&E Manual – Ergonomics) • Micro breaks to rest 75. Drive to airport/ • Substandard vehicle conditions 3 • Conduct vehicle inspection prior to departure. 1 helicopter hanger (under-inflated tires, damaged

or non-functioning lights, low

fuel, low level of windshield washer fluid, etc.)

• Poor road conditions (ice, 4 • Drive according to conditions (Refer to HS&E Manual, SWP – Driving 2

snow, slush, mud, etc.) and Vehicle Use Guidelines) • Heavy traffic, other drivers 6 • Apply defensive driving techniques 2

• Unsecured tools, equipment • Ensure that all tools, equipment and materials are properly secured or 1 4 and materials stored in appropriate containers 76. Unloading tools, • Pinch points, cuts, scrapes 3 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves 1 equipment and • Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet

materials at out of the line of fire. airport/ hanger,

224

WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

77. Access, travel, • Rotating helicopter blades/hot 5 • Follow procedures as outlined by helicopter pilot 2 egress helicopter exhaust • Helicopter not started until passengers seated inside cabin. (Refer to

HS&E Manual, SWP – Helicopter Safety)

• Flying dust and debris 6 • Wear safety glasses (as required) 1

• Loud noise during travel 6 • Wear headphone as provided in the helicopter 1

• Slips and trips accessing or 2 • Use hand grips to enter or exit helicopter 1 egressing helicopter

• Motion sickness 3 • Gravol or other motion sickness medication 1

• Crash situation 5 • Use full safety harness and ensure helmet is properly secured. 3 • Follow SWP – Helicopter Safety, Emergency Situation

78. Walking to and • Tripping hazards from uneven 3 • Look where walking, take smaller steps, be aware of surroundings 1 from and around ground, tree trunks and the work site branches on ground, standing water

• Being hit by tree branches 6 • Wear gloves, long sleeves, long pants 2 • Cuts, scrapes

• Insect bites 4 • Insect repellent, long sleeves, long pants 2

225

WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION

79. Moving • Falling items 4 • Specialized PPE (as required): Head protection, eye protection, 1 Instruments • Cuts, scrapes gloves • Ensure that no one is directly under the items being raised/lowered up/down tall towers • Ensure necessary safeguards are in place

• Do not climb tower unless certified

• Muscle strain, repetitive/ 4 • Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HS&E 1 awkward motion injuries Manual– Ergonomics) • Micro breaks to rest 80. Site • Pinch points, crushing injuries, 6 • Wear cut resistant or leather work gloves 2 Establishment- cuts, scrapes • Be aware of body positioning, keeping hands and fingers, legs and feet

Pounding stakes out of the line of fire. using a 3-5lb

sledge hammer • Debris from flying objects while 2 • Wear safety glasses. 1 pounding

• Tripping on uneven grounds, 4 • Be aware of body positioning, keep feet grounded. 1 maintaining good position.

• Muscle strain, repetitive/ 4 • Stretching prior to task and intermittently as required (Refer to HS&E 2 awkward motion injuries Manual – Ergonomics) • Micro breaks to rest 81. Site Maintenance • Slip, trips and falls from tools, 2 • Clean up as the work is being done 1 materials on ground

• Environmental damage from 4 • Ensure site is clean prior to departure 1 garbage, materials left behind

226

WBEA Critical Task List Revised June 2015

AAM/HEMP

Task Risk Rating w/o Risk Rating After Mitigation Mitigation Service Air Monitoring Equipment 3 1 Sample Collection 3 1 Load and Unload Compressed Gas Cylinders 4 1 Site Maintenance 2 1 Driving 3 1 Winter Driving 4 1 Ice Road Driving 6 2 Access and Work on AMS Roof 4 1 Manual Lifting and Carrying 4 1 Working Alone/Remotely 4 1

TEEM

Task Risk Rating w/o Risk Rating After Mitigation Mitigation Sample Collection (Monthly Passives) 6 2 Ecological Data and Sample Collection 6 1 Field Operations: • Site Establishment 4 2 • Site Maintenance 2 1 • Moving Equipment Up and Down Towers 4 1 Seasonal Monitoring: • Installing Electrical Systems 3 1 • Soil Sampling 6 2 • Site Establishment 4 2 Driving 3 1 Winter Driving 4 1 Helicopter Travel 6 2 Manual Lifting and Carrying 4 2 Working Remotely 6 1

OFFICE

Task Risk Rating w/o Risk Rating After Mitigation Mitigation Reception 1 1 Working Alone 2 1 Filing 3 1 Desk/Computer Work 3 1 Reaching Overhead Storage 2 1 Driving 3 1 Winter Driving 4 1 Manual Lifting and Carrying 3 1

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Modified Work Program: LETTER TO THE PHYSICIAN

Date: ______

Dear Doctor,

Wood Buffalo Environmental Association (WBEA) has developed a Modified Work Program to assist in the recovery and return to work of our injured employees without sacrificing their safety or well-being.

We ask for your assistance by reviewing the enclosed information and completing the accompanying forms. WBEA will be pleased to pay a fee for this service.

Enclosed is a Medical Assessment Form. Please let us know what aspects of the job can be safely performed by our employee while recuperating from their injury and an estimated time of recovery.

Thank you for your cooperation.

Yours sincerely,

WBEA 100, 330 Thickwood Blvd Fort McMurray, AB T9K 1Y1 # (780) 799-4420

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Modified Work Program: MEDICAL INFORMATION RELEASE FORM

To Whom It May Concern,

This is my authority to release information pertaining to my fitness for work to my employer, Wood Buffalo Environmental Association for the purpose of coordinating my return to work in modified or pre-accident duties.

The information released shall pertain only to my work-related injury or illness.

Employee Name (print): ______

Employee Signature: ______

Date: ______

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Modified Work Program: MODIFIED WORK ASSESSMENT FORM

WORKER’S NAME:______DATE: ______(Print)

IS WORKER CAPABLE OF FULL DUTIES: Yes _____ No______

IS WORKER CAPABLE OF MODIFIED DUTIES: Yes _____ No ______

Please assist us by checking off the appropriate work capabilities listed in the table below:

Lifting None 0-10 lbs. 10-25 lbs. 25-50 lbs. Carrying None 0-10 lbs. 10-25 lbs. 25-50 lbs. Pushing/Pulling None 0-10 lbs. 10-25 lbs. 25-50 lbs. Sitting (hrs./day) 0-2 hrs. 2-4 hrs. 4-6 hrs. 6-8 hrs. Standing (hrs./day) 0-2 hrs. 2-4 hrs. 4-6 hrs. 6-8 hrs. Use of Stairs Yes No Use of Ramps Yes No Use of Ladders Yes No Kneeling Yes No Squatting Yes No Work at Heights Yes No Operate Motor Vehicle Yes No Use Hand Tools Yes No Repetitive Work Yes No Physician’s Modified Work Recommendations:

Will a further medical review be required? Yes: _____ No: _____

When? ______

Physician’s Identification/Stamp & Signature

Physician’s Name (print): ______address: ______Postal Code: ______

Physician’s Signature: ______Telephone: ______

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Modified Work Program: MODIFIED WORK OFFER ACCEPTANCE FORM

In keeping with Wood Buffalo Environmental Association’s modified work policy, suitable employment shall be offered to any employee unable to perform their regular duties. WBEA is offering the following modified work in accordance with the work restrictions as outlined by the physician.

The physician has specified the following work restrictions:

Other restrictions or conditions: ______

Your hours of work will be from ______to ______on the regular days of your shift.

Your modified work placement will be from ______to ______dd/mm/yy dd/mm/yy

Your supervisor will be checking with you periodically throughout your modified work schedule to review your progress, and adjust the length of this placement as required based on relevant medical information. If during your modified work placement you are having any difficulties or concerns, please contact your supervisor.

I have considered the above offer and agree to work with the outlined restrictions and accept all conditions outlined.

Employee Signature: ______Date: ______

Employer Signature: ______Date: ______

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Modified Work Program: MODIFIED WORK OFFER DECLINATION FORM

I have considered Wood Buffalo Environmental Association’s modified work offer and decline for the following reasons:

I understand that by refusing to participate in the proposed modified work program I may not be paid by WBEA for any missed time and that any WCB Alberta Disability Benefits may be adjusted.

Employee Signature: ______Date: ______

Employer Signature: ______Date: ______

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Safety Orientation for Visitors – Admin Office

Date: ______

Visitor name(s): ______

Visitor signature(s): ______

Orientation given by: ______Staff Signature

Building:

 There are two washrooms in the building located along the back hallway.

 Exits are located at both the front and back of building. Be aware the back door exits directly onto a busy roadway, watch for traffic.

 Fire extinguishers are located both at the front and back door with air horns. The evacuation signal is three short blasts, pause and repeat.

 A first aid kit is located in the kitchen cabinet beside the back door.

 Other ______

In case of emergency:

 Move slowly and calmly out of the nearest exit and meet at the Muster Point which is Paddy McSwiggins, located directly across the parking lot from our back door. Wait for further instructions from WBEA staff.

Return signed form to WBEA Safety Coordinator

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Safety Orientation for Visitors – Air Monitoring Stations

Date: ______AMS #: ______

Visitor name(s): ______

Visitor signature(s): ______

Orientation given by: ______Staff Signature

Building:

 There are no washrooms available at this site.  There is only one door into and out of the station and only one exit out of the compound.

 Use handrails going up and down the stairs.

 Please be aware of: o Wildlife o Tripping hazards o Busy roadways, if any o Other hazards, please specify ______

 A fire extinguisher and first aid kit are located inside the station.

 Other ______

In case of emergency:

 Move slowly and calmly out of the compound and meet at the Muster Point, which is ______and wait for further instructions from WBEA staff.

Return signed form to WBEA Safety Coordinator

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Safety Orientation for Visitors - FOC

Date: ______

Visitor name(s): ______

Visitor signature(s): ______

Orientation given by: ______Staff Signature

Building:

 Be aware if tripping hazards, this is a working facility.

 There are five washrooms located in the building; two off the kitchen area, two upstairs on the mezzanine level and one in bay 3.

 Exits are clearly marked and are located at both the front and back on the building, with a fire exit on the mezzanine level which will take you out to the west side of the building.

 Fire extinguishers are located throughout the building and are clearly marked, air horns are located with all fire extinguishers. Three blasts is the evacuation signal.

 First aid kits are located in the kitchen and upstairs. They are also clearly marked.

 Eye wash station is located at the back of the main bay area, beside the big sink.

 Other ______

In case of emergency:

 Move slowly and calmly out of the nearest exit and meet at the Muster Point which is located at the picnic table across the parking lot from the front (south) of the building. Check in with WBEA staff and wait for further instructions. Return signed form to WBEA Safety Coordinator

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Safety Orientation for Visitors – JP104 TEEM Site

Date: ______

Visitor name(s): ______

Visitor signature(s): ______

Orientation given by: ______Staff Signature

 Be aware of tripping hazards and overhead hazards (branches) as you are moving through the bush.

 Keep hydrated. Bottled water will be located ______.

 Stay with the group as you are moving through the bush. Do not wander away unless someone is aware of where you are going.

 If any large wildlife is spotted stay calm, move together to appear larger and move slowly away and back to the bus.

 Please do not leave any garbage or food scraps behind. Use the garbage bags provided.

 Other ______

In case of emergency:

 Move slowly and calmly to the Muster Point which is ______(i.e. tower, bus, etc.)

Return signed form to WBEA Safety Coordinator

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WCB FORMS AND INSTRUCTION

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SafetyLine Procedures for Users

1) Set up the SafetyLine system on your device, instructions attached. Check-in devices can be a land-line telephone, cell phone, computer/laptop or SPOT device. a. Download SafetyLine App from App store. b. Add the SafetyLine Emergency # 1-866-913-3337 to your phone’s contact list. c. Bookmark www.slmonitor.com to your iPhone and laptop. d. If using a SPOT device, ensure the SPOT device is set up for SafetyLine monitoring as per attached instructions. i. Company ID is 213 ii. User ID and Password are both the last four digits of your cell phone

2) SafetyLine App is to be used whenever workers are going into the field. If two workers are travelling together than at least one worker is responsible for checking in.

3) System is to be activated before leaving FOC parking lot. Include a voicemail of day’s itinerary or leave itinerary with supervisor.

4) Check-in schedule is to be set for two-hour intervals, leave a new voice mail if anything has changed. If worker is about to undertake ‘dangerous’ work (i.e. climbing a ladder while alone) change check-in schedule to a more frequent setting (ie. 15 – 30 minutes) with a voice mail of what task you are performing. Once the dangerous task has been complete change check-in schedule back to the two-hour interval.

5) Check out of system once you have returned to the FOC. Failure to check out will signal an Emergency alarm.

*Check-in voicemails should include – Name, time, location or destination, tasks and any other info you feel would be needed in an emergency.

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SPOT Device Procedures for Users

Basic steps:

1) To turn on unit, press and hold power button top left until lights illuminate. It could take up to 20 minutes for unit to find a satellite for GPS tracking.

2) Press and hold the  button until the light blinks green to start tracking and check in OK with this button every 2 hours at a minimum, again holding the button until the light blinks green. You can check in before the 2 hours, it will just reset the timer for 2 hours again. Better to check in too often then to forget. If needed, set the alarm on your phone to remind you to check in.

3) The SOS button is ONLY for life threatening emergencies, it automatically goes to International Search and Rescue to respond. If hit by accident you can cancel by holding the button again until the light blinks red.

4) The hands button is the HELP button for non-life threatening emergencies, this response will go through your WBEA monitors.

5) Check out at the end of the day when you are back at the office. The talk bubble is your End Monitoring button. It will send a message to the system that you are safe and done for the day. The system will continue monitoring if you do not check out.

6) Press and hold the power button until it blinks rapidly to turn the SPOT unit off.

7) Make sure you bring 4 AAA Energizer Ultimate Lithium 8x Lithium batteries with you as spares.

8) We do not use the footprint button tracking as it would defeat the purpose of having you physically check in to let us know you are OK.

9) When using, hang the SPOT device on the outside of your backpack to enable it to access satellites.

10) If the GPS button is not blinking green move to a location with a clearer view of the sky or to a higher location on a hill (if you are down in a valley).

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Worksite Observation Template

WOOD BUFFALO ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATION WORKSITE OBSERVATION

Date: ______Location: ______

Weather Conditions:  Sun  Overcast  Rain  Thunder/Lightning  Snow

 Wind  Severe Heat  Severe Cold

Ground Conditions:  Uneven  Sloped  Mud  Snow  Ice  Wetland

Site Hazards:

 Animals  Awkward body positioning

 Body in line of fire  Compressed gas cylinder

 Electrical hazard  Eye hazard (dust, chemicals, etc)

 Heavy manual lifting  High noise level

 Hot/cold surfaces  Insects

 Other workers in area  Overhead hazard

 Pinch points  Sharp edges

 Slip/trip potential  Traffic

 Working alone  Working at height/on ladder

PPE required:  Boots  Gloves  Eye protection  Reflective stripes

 Hearing protection  Specialized clothing

What has changed since last visit to this site? ______

______

Worker name(s) print below: Initial

______

Manager Review: ______January 2015

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