Linda S Castro Nature Sanctuary List

Common Name Scientific Name Type Native? Benefit to Wildlife More Information Online

Key F = food, C=Cover, LH=larval host for butterfly caterpillars See Key Agarita Mahonia trifoliolata s F/C: birds, mammals; nectar - many butterflies y; Feb-Apr http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=MATR3 Aloe vera Aloe vera p no F: hummingbirds, bees http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200027555 American Beautyberry Callicarpa americana s F: 10 birds w,p; May-Jul http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CAAM2 American Snoutbean Rhynchosia americana v F: -eating birds y http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=RHAM Aster, Saltmarsh Symphyotrichum subulatum p/a F: nectar - butterflies, pollinators; , insects - birds w,v; Sep-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SYSU5 Aster, Spiny/Mexican devil-weed Chloracantha spinosa p F: nectar - butterflies, pollinators; seeds, insects - birds w http://www.wildflower.org/gallery/species.php?id_plant=CHSP11 Baccharis Baccharis halimifolia s F: nectar for butterflies & pollinators w; Aug-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=BAHA Ball recurvata p F: insects, which are food for birds v; Jun-Aug http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=TIRE Black Willow Salix nigra t LH: 5 butterflies; F: insects/catikins for songbirds y; Apr-May http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SANI Bluebonnet, Sandyland Lupinus subcarnosus a LH: Am. painted lady; native bees b; Mar-Apr http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=LUSU Blue-eyed grass Sisyrinchium langloisii p b; Apr-May http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SILA5 Bluestem, Bushy Andropogon glomeratus g F/C: birds; LH: satyrs & skippers w; Aug-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ANGL2 Bluestem, King Ranch Bothriochloa Ischaemum g no invasive - less useful than native plants it replaces http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/112759 Bluestem, Silver Bothriochloa laguroides g F/C: birds; LH: skippers w; May-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=BOLA2 Brown-eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta var. angustifolia a LH: Silvery checkerspot, Bordered patch; F: nectar for many y; Mar-Aug http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=RUHIA Buffelgrass Pennisetum ciliare g no invasive - less useful than native plants it replaces http://texasinvasives.org/plant_database/detail.php?symbol=PECI Bull thistle Cirsium horridulum var elliotii a LH: Little metalmark, F: nectar - swallowtails, bees p; May-Aug http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CIHO2 Bur clover Medicago polymorpha or minima a/p no y; spring http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/33031 Butterfly Pea Centrosema virginianum p/a LH: Long-tailed skipper, Northern cloudywing v; Jun-Aug http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CEVI2 Buttonbush Cephalanthus occidentalis a F: nectar - butterflies, pollinators; seeds, insects - birds w; Jun-Sep http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CEOC2 Camphorweed Heterotheca subaxillaris a F: nectar; seeds y; Jun-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=HESU3 Cardinal Feather Acalypha radians p/a F: seeds r; Apr-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ACRA Cedar Elm Ulmus crassifolia t F/C: birds; LH: 2 butterflies g; Jul-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ULCR Century Plant/American Agave Agave americana s F: nectar - hummingbirds & insects; seeds - birds & mammals y; Jun-Jul http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=AGAM Chile pequin Capsicum annuum p/a F: seeds for birds w; Apr-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CAAN4 Coastal Live Oak t F: 20 birds; LH: all duskywings & hairstreaks y; Feb-May http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=QUVI Coralbean Erythrina herbacea s LH: Spring azure; F: nectar - hummers/orioles r; spring http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ERHE4 Crossvine Bignonia capreolata v F: nectar - hummingbirds r; Mar-May http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=BICA , Park's Croton parksii a F: seeds, nectar for pollinators w; Jun-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CRPA5 Croton, Tooth-Leaved/Vente conmigo Croton glandulosus p/a F: seeds, nectar for pollinators w; Jul-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CRGL2 Croton, Woolly Croton capitatus var. lindheimeri p/a F: seeds for dove & quail; LH: 2 butterflies w; May-Sep http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CRCA6 Crow poison; False garlic Nothoscordum bivalve p may be toxic to people; jury out on crows w; Mar-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=NOBI2 Crowfoot grass Dactyloctenium aegyptium g no http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/19321 Cudweed Gamochaeta pensylvanica a v; Mar-Jun http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=GAPE2 Daisy, Cowpen Verbesina encelioides a LH: Bordered patch; #2 on top nectar plant list y; Apr-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=VEEN Daisy, Lazy Aphanostephus skirrhobasis p/a F: nectar for many butterflies w; Mar-Aug http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=APSK Dandelion, Pyrrhopappus pauciflorus a F: nectar, browse y; Feb-Jun http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PYPA4 Dayflower/Widow's tears Commelina erecta p/a F: birds b; May-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=COER Desert Willow Chilopsis linearis t F/C: birds; LH: White-winged moth v; Apr-Sep http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CHLI2 Dollarweed; Pennywort Hydrocotyle umbellata p w; Apr-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=HYUM Drummond's St. John's-wort Hypericum drummondii a F: nectar y; Jun-Sep http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=HYDR Dwarf Palmetto minor s F/C: birds, mammals, pollinators w; May-Jun http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SAMI8 Dyssodia, Tiny Tim Thymophylla tenuiloba p/a LH: Dainty sulphur y; spr-sum http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=THTE7 Elbowbush Forestiera angustifolia s F: birds browse twigs & , nectar for pollinators g; Mar-Apr http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=FOAN Esperanza Tecoma stans 'Esperanza' s LH: Dogface butterfly; F: nectar, , & seeds y; Apr-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=TEST Fiddlewood berlandieri s F: nectar-insects; fruit-birds w; Feb-Aug http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CIBE Flame Acanthus Anisacanthus quadrifidus var. wrightii s LH: Crescent spot; F: nectar for hummers, butterflies r; Jun-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ANQUW Flatsedge, Retrorse/Pine Barren Cyperus retrorsus p/a F: seeds inc; Jul-Oct https://gobotany.newenglandwild.org/species/cyperus/retrorsus/ Fleabane, Corpus Christi Erigeron procumbens p LH: Checkered skipper; attracts predatory insects w; Mar-Jun http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ERPR16 Frogfruit Phyla nodiflora p/a LH: 4 butterflies; #5 on list of top nectar plants w; May-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=phno2 Frostweed Verbesina virginica b F: nectar for Monarch, Pipevine, many others w; Aug-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=VEVI3 Gaura, Lizard-tail Gaura parviflora a F: nectar; seeds w,p; Apr-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=GAPA6 Gayfeather Liatris elegans p/a F: nectar, special value to native bees v; Aug-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=LIEL frostweed Helianthemum georgianum p F: nectar y; Apr-Jul http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=HEGE Goldenrod, Anise-scented Solidago odora p/a LH: Metalmarks, Checkerspots; F: nectar, seeds y; Jul-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SOOD Greenbrier Smilax bona-nox v F: 38 birds + deer g; Mar-May http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SMBO2 Greenthread Thelesperma filifolium p/a F: nectar; seeds for painted bunting, others y; Apr-Jul http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=THFI Groundcherry cinerascens p F: red-bellied woodpecker, others y http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PHCI4 Groundcherry, Ivyleaf Physalis hederifolia var. hederifolia p F: seeds y http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PHHEH2 Guineagrass Urochloa maxima g no invasive - less useful than native plants it replaces http://www.texasinvasives.org/plant_database/detail.php?symbol=URMA3 Gulf Indian breadroot Pediomelum rhombifolium p F: seeds rust http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PERH2 Gulf Muhly Muhlenbergia capillaris g F: seed-eating birds; cover p; Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=MUCA2 Hackberry, Spiny Celtis ehrenbergiana t LH: Hackberry butterflies; F: fruit for birds, nectar w; Feb-May http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CEEH Hackberry, Sugar Celtis laevigata t LH: 6 butterflies, F: 45 birds+mammals g; Feb-Apr http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CELA Heart- Wild Buckwheat Eriogonum multiflorum p/a F: native bees w; Sep-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ERMU4 Heliotrope Heliotropium angiospermum p/a F: nectar for many butterflies, pollinators w; Jan-Dec http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=HEAN5 Hercules Club; Toothache Zanthoxylum clava-herculis t LH: Giant swallowtail; F: seeds, nectar g; Mar-Apr http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ZACL Linda S Castro Nature Sanctuary Plant List

Common Name Scientific Name Type Native? Benefit to Wildlife Flower More Information Online

Key F = food, C=Cover, LH=larval host for butterfly caterpillars See Key Honey Mesquite Prosopis glandulosa t LH: 2 blues; F/C: 6 spp y; Feb-Sep http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PRGL2 Hooded Windmill Grass Chloris cucullata g F/C: graze, seeds; nesting material inc; Mar-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CHCU2 Horsemint Monarda maritima p/a F: nectar for Pipevine, hummingbirds; seeds w; May-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=MOMA5 Indian Blanket/Firewheel Gaillardia pulchella p/a LH: bordered patch, seeds for passerines r; Apr-Aug http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=GAPU Indian paintbrush Castilleja indivisa a LH: buckeye F: nectar for hummingbirds r; Mar-May http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CAIN13 Indiangrass/Yellow Indian grass Sorghastrum nutans g LH: Pepper-Salt Skipper; seeds y; Aug-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SONU2 Indigofera/Anil de Pasto Indigofera suffruticosa s F: seeds, nectar w http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=INSU Inland Sea Oats Chasmanthium latifolium g LH: 3 butterflies; F: seeds for birds g; Jun-Sep http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CHLA5 Kidneywood Eysenhardtia texana s LH: Southern dogface; nectar for many w; May-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=EYTE Late-Flowering Boneset Eupatorium serotinum p/a F: nectar & seeds; favorite of Snout butterflies w; Sep-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=EUSE2 Marsh Fleabane Pluchea odorata var. odorata p/a F: nectar p; Jul-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PLODO Marsh parsley; fine-leaved celery Cyclospermum leptophyllum a no w http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/113715 Milkweed Vine, Climbing cynanchoides v LH: Monarch, ; F: nectar - many butterflies w; Apr-Aug http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=FUCY Milkweed, Green Asclepias viridis p LH: Monarch, Queen; F: nectar - many butterflies g; Apr-Sep http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ASVI2 Milkweed, Tropical Asclepias curassavica p no LH: Monarch, Queen; F: nectar - many butterflies red&yellow http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/7248 Milkweed, Zizotes Asclepias oenotheroides p LH: Monarch & relatives g; Mar-Sep http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ASOE Mistflower, Crucita Chromolaena odorata p LH: Lost metalmark; #1 top nectar plants; seeds v; Aug-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CHOD Mistflower, Padre Island Conoclinium betonicifolium p/a LH: 2; F: nectar for many butterflies b; Mar-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=COBE4 Morning Glory, Sharp-pod/Tievine Ipomoea cordatotriloba v F: nectar for insects, hummers p; Jul-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=IPCO8 Mustang Grape Vitis mustangensis v F: 30 birds + mammals + people w; Apr-Jun http://www.wildflower.org/gallery/species.php?id_plant=VIMU2 Orange Zexmenia Wedelia acapulcensis var. hispida p/a F: nectar; LH: Bordered Patch, others o; May-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=WEACH Palafoxia Palafoxia texana p/a F: #6 on list of top nectar for butterflies p; Apr-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PATE Palafoxia, Rose Palafoxia rosea a F: nectar p; Jun-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PARO Partridge Pea Chamaecrista fasciculata p/a F: seeds; nectar; LH: 7 butterflies; native bees y; Jun-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CHFA2 Paspalum, Brownseed Paspalum plicatulum g F/C: seeds, nesting, cover g; May-Jul http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PAPL3 Paspalum, Thin Paspalum setaceum g F/C: seeds, nesting, cover inc; Jun-Sep http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PASE5 Passionvine Passiflora foetida v LH: 6 butterflies inc. Gulf Fritillary; F: birds p; May-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PAFO2 Passionvine Passiflora incarnata v LH: 6 butterflies inc. Gulf Fritillary; F: birds pvb; Apr-Sep http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PAIN6 Passionvine, CorkStem Passiflora suberosa v LH: 6 butterflies inc. Gulf Fritillary; F: birds g http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PASU3 Pellitory, Pennsylvania Parietaria pensylvanica a F: seeds; LH: Painted Ladies & Red Admiral g; Apr-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PAPE5 Peppergrass, Lepidium virginicum a F: nectar, seeds wh; Jun-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=LEVI3 Phlox Phlox drummondii a F: nectar for butterflies p; Mar-Jun http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PHDR Pink mint Stachys drummondii a F: nectar p; Feb-Jul http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=STDR Plains Coreopsis/Golden Tickseed Coreopsis tinctoria p/a LH: Dogface butterfly; F: nectar & seeds y; Feb-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=COTI3 Plains Snakecotton Froelichia floridana p/a w; Apr-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=FRFL Plantain, Hooker's Plantago hookeriana a F: seeds w; Mar-Jun http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PLHO Plantain, Redseed Plantago rhodosperma a F: seeds inc; Feb-May http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PLRH Pokeweed/Pokeberry Phytolacca americana p/a F: fruit/seeds for birds (toxic parts for people) w; Jun-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PHAM4 Possum Grape Cissus trifoliata v F: fruit/seeds g; May-Sep http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CITR2 Prairie Mexican Clover Richardia tricocca p/a F: nectar w http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=RITR2 Prairie ; Dakota vervain Glandularia bipinnatifida p F: nectar p; Mar-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=GLBI2 Prickly Pear Cactus Opuntia engelmannii s F/C: birds+mammals+bees y; Apr-Jun http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=OPENL Pride of Barbados Caesalpinia pulcherrima s no poor nectar plant for butterflies, good for hummers orange http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/10728 Primrose, Cut-leaf Evening Oenothera laciniata p/a F: nectar for pollinators, benefit to native bees y; Mar-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=OELA Primrose, Showy evening Oenothera grandis a F: nectar for pollinators, benefit to native bees y http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=OEGR2 Purple pleat- Alophia drummondii p F: nectar for pollinators b; Mar-May http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ALDR2 Purple Prairie Clover Dalea purpurea p/a F: native bees, bumblebees, honeybees v; Jun-Aug http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=DAPU5 Purple Threeawn Aristida purpurea g LH: Skippers, Satyrs; F: seeds, nectar v; Apr-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ARPU9 Purslane Portulaca oleracea a no w,y http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/43609 Ragweed, False Parthenium hysterophorus p/a F: nectar w http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PACO11 Ragweed, Western Ambrosia psilostachya a w; Jul-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=AMPS Ragwort, Riddell's Senecio riddellii p F: nectar for butterflies, pollinators y; Jul-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SERI2 Ratany Krameria lanceolata p F: oil for bee Centris to feed young r-p; Apr-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=KRLA Rattlebox; Rattlepod drummondii s F: seeds, nectar y; Jun-Sep http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SEDR Red Bay Persea borbonia t F: songbirds; LH: all swallowtails y; Apr-Jun http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PEBO Red Lovegrass Eragrostis secundiflora g F: seeds inc http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ERSE Red Mulberry Morus rubra t F: fruit for 21 birds; LH: Mourning cloak w; Mar-Jun http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=MORU2 Rescue grass Bromus catharticus g no F: seeds g http://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/taxa/index.php?taxon=1275 Rosette grass Dichanthelium acuminatum p F/C: many birds inc; Feb-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=DIAC2 Ruellia Ruellia nudiflora p LH: 5 butterflies inc. White peacock; F: nectar for many v; Apr-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=RUNU Sabal Palm Sabal Mexicana t Cover, nesting for wildlife; F: fruit w; Mar-May http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SAME8 Sage, Henry Duelberg Salvia farinacea 'Henry Duelberg' p F: top nectar plant v; Apr-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SAFA2 Sage, Scarlet Salvia coccinea p/a F: nectar for birds/butterflies r; Feb-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SACO5 Sago palm; Cycad Cycas revoluta s no inc http://mobile.floridata.com/Plants/Cycadaceae/Cycas%20revoluta/161 Sand Phacelia Phacelia patuliflora a F: nectar for butterflies, pollinators v; Mar-May http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PHPA4 Sandbur, Coastal Cenchrus spinifex a LH: Satyrs & Skippers; F: seeds for Pyrrhuloxia inc http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CESP4 Sandbur, Southern Cenchrus echinatus a LH: Satyrs & Skippers inc http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CEEC Linda S Castro Nature Sanctuary Plant List

Common Name Scientific Name Type Native? Benefit to Wildlife Flower More Information Online

Key F = food, C=Cover, LH=larval host for butterfly caterpillars See Key Scarlet Pea Indigofera miniata p/a LH: Gray hairstreak p; Apr-Oct w.ckwri.tamuk.edu/research-programs/south-texas-natives/native-plant-list/forbs/sca Scarlet Pimpernel Anagallis arvensis a/b no o/b; Mar-Jun http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200016886 Scrambled Eggs Corydalis micrantha p/a y; spring http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=COMI2 Seacoast Bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium var. littorale g LH: 6 skippers; f/c: birds g; Jun-Dec wri.tamuk.edu/research-programs/south-texas-natives/native-plant-list/grasses/seaco Sensitive briar, Kairns Mimosa latidens p p; May-Sep http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=MILA15 Sesbania, Bigpod Sesbania herbacea a F: seeds, nectar y http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SEHE8 Showy Fanpetals Sida lindheimeri p/a F: nectar y; May-Aug http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SILI Skeleton-leaf Goldeneye Viguiera stenoloba p/a F/C: birds+pollinators; F: nectar - many butterflies y; Jun-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=VIST Slim-pod Milk-vetch Astragalus leptocarpus a F: seeds v; Mar http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ASLE10 Snake Herb Dyschoriste linearis p/a F: nectar v; Apr-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=DYLI Sow thistle Sonchus spp a no y; spring http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/50584 Spanish dagger Yucca treculeana p LH: Yucca moth+1; nectar for pollinators w; Dec-Apr http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=YUTR Spiderwort Tradescantia subacaulis p F: nectar v; Mar-Jun http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=TRSU Spring lady's tresses orchid Spiranthes vernalis p F: nectar w; spring http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SPVE Stickywilly, Catchweed Bedstraw Galium aparine av F: plants eaten by geese w; Mar http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=GAAP2 Stinging nettle Urtica chamaedryoides a LH: Painted Ladies & Red Admiral w; Mar-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=URCH3 Sunflower, Common Helianthus annuus a LH: 2 butterflies; seeds for birds y; Jul-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=HEAN3 Sunflower, Runyon’s Helianthus praecox ssp. runyonii p/a F/C: Seed, cover, nectar; benefit native bees y; Mar-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=HEPRR Sunflower, Silverleaf Helianthus argophyllus p/a F: seeds+nectar; LH: 2 butterflies y; Jul-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=HEAR3 Switchgrass Panicum virgatum g LH: most banded skippers F: seeds; cover/nesting g; Aug-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PAVI2 Texas Ebony Ebenopsis ebano t F: nectar for many; LH: 5 butterflies w; May-Aug http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=EBEB Texas Lantana Lantana urticoides p/a LH: 1; nec: hummer+15 butterflies o/y; Apr-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=LAUR2 Texas Mountain Laurel Sophora secundiflora s F: nectar for pollinators v; Feb-Mar http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SOSE3 Texas Persimmon Diospyros texana t F: 9 birds; LH: 2 butterflies w; Mar-Apr http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=DITE3 Texas Toadflax Nuttallanthus texanus a F: nectar v; Feb-May http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=NUTE Texas Vervain Verbena halei p/a F: nectar v; Mar-Jun http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=VEHA Tropical Mexican clover Richardia brasiliensis a/p F: nectar w http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=RIBR2 Tumble Windmill Grass Chloris verticillata g LH: most skippers inc; May-Sep http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CHVE2 Turk’s Cap Malvaviscus arboreus s LH: 2 butterflies; F: nectar butterflies+hummers; birds r; Jul-Sep http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=MAARD Venus looking-glass Triodanis perfoliata a F: seeds for birds v; Apr-May http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=TRPE4 Vetch, Deer pea Vicia ludoviciana p/a v; Mar-May http://uvalde.tamu.edu/herbarium/forbs-common-name-index/deer-pea-vetch/ Wax Myrtle Morella cerifera s F/C: 14 birds; LH: Red-banded hairstreak g; Mar-Apr http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=MOCE2 White Prickly Poppy Argemone albiflora ssp. Texana p/a F: nectar for all pollinators w; Apr-Oct http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ARALT Whitebrush Aloysia gratissima s F: nectar for many butterflies w; Mar-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ALGR2 Wild carrot Daucus pusillus a F: nectar w; Mar-May http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=DAPU3 Wild geranium; Carolina cranesbill Geranium carolinianum a F: seeds w; Mar-Jul http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=GECA5 Wild Olive Cordia boissieri s F: nectar, fruit w; Jan-Dec http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=COBO2 Wild Poinsettia Euphorbia cyathophora p/a y; May-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=EUCY Winecup Callirhoe involucrata p F: nectar for pollinators and butterflies wine; Mar-Jun http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CAIN2 Winecup, Standing/Poppy Mallow Callirhoe leiocarpa p/a F: nectar for pollinators and butterflies wine; Mar-Aug http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CALE2 Wood sorrel, yellow Oxalis dillenii p/a F: nectar y; May-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=OXDI2 Wood-sorrel, Drummond's Oxalis drummondii p/a F: nectar p; Sep-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=OXDR Woolly Butterfly Bush Buddleja marrubiifolia s F: nectar for Giant swallowtail, others o; Jun-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=BUMA Woolly Globemallow Sphaeralcea lindheimeri p/a LH: Painted lady; native bees o; Feb-May http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SPLI Woolly Stemodia Stemodia lanata p/a F: nectar for small butterflies, pollinators v; Apr-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=STLA17 Yankeeweed Eupatorium compositifolium p F: nectar for Snout butterflies w http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=EUCO7 Yaupon Holly Ilex vomitoria s LH: Henry’s elfin; F: fruit for at least 14 birds w; Apr-May http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ILVO Yucca, Buckley Yucca constricta s LH: Yucca giant skipper butterfly; F: moths g; Apr-Jul http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=YUCO Yucca, Moundlily Yucca gloriosa s F: nectar for moths, seeds for birds & small mammals w; Sep-Nov http://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=YUGL2 Key Type growth form - see list Plant Type Benefit Native? native or introduced t tree F food: nectar, seeds, other Flower color & bloom time s LH butterfly larval host p perennial C cover/nesting Colors v vine w white g grass Back to the List y yellow gc groundcover o orange a annual r red p pink Note: Introduced plants feed fewer birds & butterflies v violet, lavendar, purple because wildlife from their country may not live here, and b blue some or our wildlife may not be able to use the plants as food. Invasive introduced plants decrease biodiversity g green and feed even fewer types of wildlife. inc inconspicuous