125/8/NP
NEW WORK ITEM PROPOSAL (NP)
PROPOSER: DATE OF PROPOSAL: China 2019-08-05
DATE OF CIRCULATION: CLOSING DATE FOR VOTING: 2019-08-16 2019-11-08
IEC TC 125 : PERSONAL E-TRANSPORTERS (PETS)
SECRETARIAT: SECRETARY: Belgium Mr Ky-Tho Ly
NEED FOR IEC COORDINATION: PROPOSED HORIZONTAL STANDARD: TC 21,TC 61,TC 69,TC 77,TC 106,CIS/D Other TC/SCs are requested to indicate their interest, if any, in this NP to the TC/SC secretary
FUNCTIONS CONCERNED:
EMC ENVIRONMENT QUALITY ASSURANCE SAFETY
TITLE OF PROPOSAL: Personal e-Transporters - Safety requirements and test methods
STANDARD TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
PROPOSED PROJECT NUMBER: -1
SCOPE
(AS DEFINED IN ISO/IEC DIRECTIVES, PART 2, 14): This international standard specifies the general safety requirements, electrical safety, functional safety, mechanical safety, reliability, test conditions and test methods, marking and description of Personal e-Transporters.
This standard is applicable to Personal e-Transporters which are used on the road or in the public space of electrically powered transport devices (i.e. no human (propulsion) power input) and where the speed control and/or the steering control is electrical/electronical, including self-balancing vehicles, e-scooters, etc.
PURPOSE AND JUSTIFICATION
INCLUDING THE MARKET RELEVANCE, WHETHER IT IS A PROPOSED HORIZONTAL STANDARD (GUIDE 108) AND RELATIONSHIP TO SAFETY (GUIDE 104), EMC (GUIDE 107), ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS (GUIDE 109) AND QUALITY ASSURANCE (GUIDE 102): This International Standard proposal has been developed to cope with the rapidly evolving personnel e-transporters. The global market sizes and applications are expected to grow significantly. However, due to the appearance of personnel e-transporters in public spaces and roads, some products can reach speeds of 25 km/h or even higher. In order to protect safety for persons and public facilities, besides basic safety requirements, comprehensive
Copyright © 2019 International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC. All rights reserved. It is permitted to download this electronic file, to make a copy and to print out the content for the sole purpose of preparing National Committee positions. You may not copy or "mirror" the file or printed version of the document, or any part of it, for any other purpose without permission in writing from IEC. 125/8/NP – 2 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019
safety requirements and test methods such as riding safety for people and road signs for e- transporters shall also be considered. Based on the current situation, this international standard provides comprehensive safety requirements and corresponding test methods for personnel e-transporters, which is convenient for manufacturers and test departments to use. This international standard is not a horizonal standard and it is a safety standard.
TARGET DATE(S) FOR FIRST 2020-11- FOR IS: 2022-08-26 CD: 27
ESTIMATED NUMBER OF FREQUENCY OF MEETINGS: DATE OF FIRST MEETING: PLACE OF FIRST MEETING: MEETINGS: 8 3 per year 2019-11-18 China
RELEVANT DOCUMENTS TO BE CONSIDERED: No international documents that are directly relevant. At the national and regional level there are the following standards: ：
GB/T 34668-2017 Electrical self-balancing vehicles—Safety requirements and test methods
GB/T 34667-2017 Electrical self-balancing vehicles—General technical requirements
UL2272 Standard for Electrical Systems for Personal E-Mobility Devices
CEN/TC354/ prEN 17128 PLEV; Personal light electric vehicles - Safety requirements and test methods
ISO 13482：2014 Robots and robotic devices -- Safety requirements for personal care robots
IEC 60335-2-114 Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-114: Particular requirements for self-balancing personal transport devices for use with batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes
JIS B 8846-3 Self-balancing person carrier robots
RELATIONSHIP OF PROJECT TO ACTIVITIES OF OTHER INTERNATIONAL BODIES: None
LIAISONS WITH INTERNATIONAL BODIES: NEED FOR ISO COORDINATION:
DOCUMENT MATURITY:
A DRAFT IS ATTACHED FOR COMMENT* AN OUTLINE IS ATTACHED
* Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
CONCERNS KNOWN PATENTED ITEMS (SEE ISO/IEC DIRECTIVES, PART 2) YES NO
PATENT DESCRIPTION:
IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 3 – 125/8/NP
WE NOMINATE A PROJECT LEADER IN ACCORDANCE WITH ISO/IEC DIRECTIVES, PART 1
LAST NAME: FIRST NAME: E-MAIL: COUNTRY: Yang Shupin [email protected] China g
COMMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FROM TC/SC OFFICERS:
WORK ALLOCATION: NEW PROJECT TEAM NEW WORKING GROUP EXISTING WORKING GROUP:
IF APPROVED, THE NEXT STAGE SHOULD BE: CD CDV
REMARKS FROM TC/SC OFFICERS: This new work item proposal is to cover the terminology, classification and the basic/general requirements for the devices of TC 125.
APPROVAL CRITERIA
• Approval of the new work item proposal by a 2/3 majority of the P-members voting; • At least 4 P-members in the case of a committee with 16 or fewer P-members, or at least 5 P-members in the case of committees with more than 17 P-members, have nominated or confirmed the name of an expert and approved the new work item proposal. 125/8/NP – 4 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019
1 CONTENTS 2
3 FOREWORD ...... 7 4 INTRODUCTION ...... 9 5 1 Scope ...... 10 6 2 Normative references ...... 10 7 3 Terms and definitions ...... 11 8 4 Test conditions ...... 13 9 4.1 Test road ...... 13 10 4.2 Testing driver ...... 13 11 4.3 Test environment ...... 13 12 4.4 Test device ...... 14 13 5 General safety requirements ...... 14 14 5.1 Materials ...... 14 15 5.1.1 Non-metal materials ...... 14 16 5.1.2 Metal materials ...... 14 17 5.2 Enclosure ...... 14 18 5.3 Sharp edges ...... 14 19 5.4 Warning devices ...... 14 20 5.5 Safety protection function ...... 15 21 5.5.1 Energy recovery overcharge protection ...... 15 22 5.5.2 Charging lock ...... 15 23 5.6 Functional and components ...... 15 24 5.6.1 Wireless connection ...... 15 25 5.6.2 Automatic shutdown function ...... 15 26 5.6.3 Safety alarm function ...... 15 27 5.6.4 Pedal ...... 15 28 5.6.5 Switch ...... 15 29 5.6.6 Folding mechanism ...... 15 30 5.6.7 Cells and battery pack ...... 16 31 5.6.8 Charger ...... 16 32 5.6.9 Motor ...... 16 33 5.6.10 Cables and connectors ...... 16 34 5.7 Main technical performance requirements ...... 16 35 5.7.1 Maximum design speed ...... 16 36 5.7.2 Brake performance ...... 16 37 5.7.3 Rated mileage ...... 17 38 5.8 Appearance requirements ...... 17 39 6 Electrical safety ...... 17 40 6.1 Insulation requirements ...... 17 41 6.2 Wiring requirements ...... 17 42 6.3 Safety requirements for short circuit ...... 18 43 6.4 Thermal requirements ...... 18 44 6.5 Dielectric strength ...... 18 45 7 Functional safety ...... 18 46 8 Mechanical safety ...... 18 47 8.1 Enclosure protection class ...... 18 IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 5 – 125/8/NP
48 8.2 Static strength ...... 18 49 8.3 Dynamic strength ...... 18 50 8.4 Strain relief ...... 18 51 8.5 Handle strength ...... 19 52 8.6 Saddle strength ...... 19 53 9 Reliability ...... 19 54 9.1 Vibration ...... 19 55 9.2 Drop ...... 19 56 9.3 Impact ...... 19 57 9.4 Temperature shock ...... 19 58 9.5 Partial water immersion ...... 19 59 9.6 Salt spray resistance ...... 20 60 9.7 Low temperature test ...... 20 61 9.7.1 Low temperature storage ...... 20 62 9.7.2 Low temperature operation ...... 20 63 9.8 High temperature test ...... 20 64 9.8.1 High temperature storage ...... 20 65 9.8.2 High temperature and high humidity operation ...... 20 66 9.9 Electromagnetic compatibility ...... 20 67 10 Test methods ...... 20 68 10.1 Safety protection function test ...... 20 69 10.1.1 Energy recovery overcharge protection ...... 20 70 10.1.2 Charging lock ...... 21 71 10.2 Functional requirements test ...... 21 72 10.2.1 Wireless connection test ...... 21 73 10.2.2 Automatic shutdown function test ...... 21 74 10.2.3 Signal function test ...... 21 75 10.3 Main technical performance test ...... 21 76 10.3.1 Maximum design speed test ...... 21 77 10.3.2 Brake performance test ...... 22 78 10.3.3 Rated mileage test ...... 23 79 10.4 Electrical safety test ...... 23 80 10.4.1 Motor overload test ...... 23 81 10.4.2 Motor locked-rotor test ...... 24 82 10.4.3 Short-circuit test ...... 24 83 10.4.4 Thermal test ...... 25 84 10.4.5 Dielectric strength test ...... 25 85 10.5 Mechanical safety test ...... 25 86 10.5.1 Enclosure protection class test ...... 25 87 10.5.2 Static strength test ...... 25 88 10.5.3 Dynamic strength test ...... 26 89 10.5.4 Strain relief test ...... 26 90 10.5.5 Handle strength test ...... 26 91 10.5.6 Saddle strength test...... 27 92 10.6 Reliability test ...... 27 93 10.6.1 Vibration test ...... 27 94 10.6.2 Drop test ...... 28 95 10.6.3 Impact test...... 29 96 10.6.4 Temperature shock test ...... 29 125/8/NP – 6 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019
97 10.6.5 Partial water immersion test ...... 29 98 10.6.6 Salt spray test ...... 30 99 10.6.7 Low temperature test ...... 30 100 10.6.8 High temperature test ...... 30 101 11 Marking and instruction ...... 31 102 11.1 General ...... 31 103 11.2 Product nameplate ...... 31 104 11.2.1 Nameplate information ...... 31 105 11.2.2 Durability ...... 31 106 11.3 Safety and warning signs ...... 32 107 11.4 Instructions ...... 32 108 Annex A (normative) Protective circuit and safety analysis ...... 34 109 Bibliography ...... 35 110 111 Figure 1 – Schematic Diagram of Maximum Speed Test ...... 22 112 Figure 2 – Schematic Diagram of Brake Performance Test ...... 23 113 114 Table 1 – Temperature limits of motor winding in overload test ...... 24 115 Table 2 – Temperature limits of motor winding in locked-rotor test ...... 24 116 Table 3 – Sinusoidal vibration test parameters ...... 27 117 Table 4 – PSD value on X axis ...... 27 118 Table 5 – PSD value on Y axis ...... 28 119 Table 6 – PSD value on Y axis (the battery pack is located below the footrest) ...... 28 120 Table 7 – PSD value on Z axis ...... 28 121 Table 8 – Values of drop height h ...... 28 122 Table 9 – Impact test parameters ...... 29
123
124
125 IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 7 – 125/8/NP
126 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
127 ______
128 129 PERSONAL E-TRANSPORTERS - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AND TEST 130 METHODS 131 132 133 FOREWORD
134 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising 135 all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote 136 international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To 137 this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, 138 Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC 139 Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested 140 in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non- 141 governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely 142 with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by 143 agreement between the two organizations. 144 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international 145 consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all 146 interested IEC National Committees. 147 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National 148 Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC 149 Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any 150 misinterpretation by any end user. 151 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications 152 transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence 153 between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in 154 the latter. 155 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity 156 assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any 157 services carried out by independent certification bodies. 158 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 159 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and 160 members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or 161 other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and 162 expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC 163 Publications. 164 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is 165 indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 166 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of 167 patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
168 International Standard IEC XXXXX has been prepared by IEC technical committee 125: 169 Personal e-Transporters (PeTs).
170 In the case of a new edition replacing a previous edition, complete the following 171 text. In the case of a first edition, delete it, as it does not apply.
172 This XXX edition cancels and replaces the XXX edition published in [publication_date], 173 Amendment 1:[publication_date] and Amendment 2:[publication_date]. This edition constitutes 174 a technical revision.
175 This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous 176 edition:
177 a) ...;
178 The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents: 125/8/NP – 8 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019
FDIS Report on voting XX/XX/FDIS XX/XX/RVD
179
180 Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in 181 the report on voting indicated in the above table.
182 This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
183 The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the 184 stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to 185 the specific document. At this date, the document will be
186 • reconfirmed, 187 • withdrawn, 188 • replaced by a revised edition, or 189 • amended.
190
191 The National Committees are requested to note that for this document the stability date 192 is 20XX..
193 THIS TEXT IS INCLUDED FOR THE INFORMATION OF THE NATIONAL COMMITTEES AND WILL BE 194 DELETED AT THE PUBLICATION STAGE.
195 IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 9 – 125/8/NP
196 INTRODUCTION
197 This International Standard has been developed to cope with the rapidly evolving personnel e- 198 transporters. The global market sizes and applications are expected to grow significantly 199 However, due to the appearance of personnel e-transporters in public spaces and roads, 200 some products can reach speeds of 25 km/h or even higher. In order to protect safety for 201 persons and public facilities, besides basic safety requirements, comprehensive safety 202 requirements and test methods such as riding safety for people and road signs for e- 203 transporters shall also be considered. Based on the current situation, this international 204 standard provides comprehensive safety requirements and corresponding test methods for 205 personnel e-transporters, which is convenient for manufacturers and test departments to use. 206 This international standard is not a horizonal standard and it is a safety standard.
207
208 125/8/NP – 10 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019
209 PERSONAL E-TRANSPORTERS - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AND TEST 210 METHODS 211 212 213
214 1 Scope
215 This international standard specifies the general safety requirements, electrical safety, 216 functional safety, mechanical safety, reliability, test conditions and test methods, marking and 217 description of Personal e-Transporters.
218 This standard is applicable to Personal e-Transporters which is used on the road or in the 219 public space of electrically powered transport devices (i.e. no human (propulsion) power input) 220 and where the speed control and/or the steering control is electrical/electronical, including 221 self-balancing vehicles, e-scooters, etc.
222 2 Normative references
223 The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their 224 content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition 225 cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including 226 any amendments) applies.
227 IEC 60068-2-14:2009 Environmental testing - Part 2-14: Tests - Test N: Change of 228 temperature
229 ISO 4210-9: 2014 Cycles -- Safety requirements for bicycles -- Part 9: Saddles and seat- 230 post test methods
231 IEC 60529: 2013 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures （IP Code）
232 IEC 60695-11-10: 2013 Fire hazard testing - Part 11-10: Test flames - 50 W horizontal and 233 vertical flame test methods
234 IEC 60034-1: 2017 Rotating electrical machines - Part 1: Rating and performance
235 IEC 61508-1：2010 Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety- 236 related systems - Part 1: General requirements
237 ISO 13849-1 ： 2015 Safety of machinery -- Safety-related parts of control systems -- 238 Part 1: General principles for design
239 IEC 61000-6-1: 2016 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6-1: Generic standards - 240 Immunity standard for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments
241 IEC 61000-6-1: 2010 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6-3: Generic standards - 242 Emission standard for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments
243 IEC 62133-1:2017 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid 244 electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made 245 from them, for use in portable applications - Part 1: Nickel systems IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 11 – 125/8/NP
246 IEC 62133-2:2017 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid 247 electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary lithium cells, and for 248 batteries made from them, for use in portable applications - Part 2: Lithium systems
249 IEC 60950-1:2013 Information technology equipment - Safety - Part 1: General requirements
250 IEC 60068-2-11:1981 Basic environmental testing procedures - Part 2-11: Tests - Test Ka: 251 Salt mist
252 IEC 60068-2-1:2007 Environmental testing - Part 2-1: Tests - Test A: Cold
253 IEC 60068-2-2:2007 Environmental testing - Part 2-2: Tests - Test B: Dry heat
254 IEC 60812:2018 Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA and FMECA)
255 3 Terms and definitions
256 For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
257 3.1 258 personal e-transporters 259 PeTs 260 device which is used on the road or in the public space of electrically powered transport 261 devices (i.e. no human (propulsion) power input) and where the speed control and/or the 262 steering control is electrical/electronical, and the maximum speed is not exceed 25km/h
263 3.2 264 safety alarm 265 a definitely noticeable alarm sent to the user in case of internal fault detected (e.g. abnormal 266 voltage of battery or fault of control unit) or abnormal operation of PeTs
267 3.3 268 enclosure 269 a component of the equipment equipped with one or more function(s) specified in 3.4, 3.5, 3.6 270 or 3.7
271 Note 1 to entry: One type of enclosure may be in another enclosure of other type (for example, an electrical 272 enclosure may be in a fire enclosure or a fire enclosure may be in an electrical enclosure). In addition, one type of 273 enclosure may provide the functions of various types of enclosures (for example, a combination of functions of 274 electrical enclosure and fire enclosure).
275 Note 2 to entry: It is revised from definition 1.2.6.1 in IEC 60950-1: 2013.
276 3.4 277 fire enclosure 278 equipment component used to minimize the fire or flame spreading in the equipment
279 [SOURCE: IEC 60950-1: 2013, definition 1.2.6.2]
280 3.5 281 mechanical enclosure 282 equipment component used to reduce the damage caused by mechanical hazard and other 283 physical hazard
284 [SOURCE: IEC 60950-1: 2013, definition 1.2.6.3] 125/8/NP – 12 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019
285 3.6 286 electrical enclosure 287 equipment component used to limit the exposure to parts and components which may bring 288 hazardous voltage or hazardous energy level
289 Note 1 to entry: It is revised from definition 1.2.6.4 in IEC 60950-1:2013.
290 3.7 291 environmental enclosure 292 equipment component used to limit damage of parts and components or hazards caused by 293 ingress of external environmental substances into the equipment
294 3.8 295 decorative part 296 equipment part and component without protective function which is located on the outside of 297 the enclosure
298 [SOURCE: IEC 60950-1: 2013, definition 1.2.6.5]
299 3.9 300 leakage 301 visible leakage of liquid electrolyte
302 [SOURCE: IEC 62133-1:2017, definition 1.3.9]
303 3.10 304 upper limited charging voltage 305 highest safe charging voltage borne by the battery or battery pack as specified by the 306 manufacturer
307 3.11 308 discharge cut-off voltage 309 load voltage of the battery or battery pack at the end of discharge as specified by the 310 manufacturer
311 3.12 312 active protective device 313 protective device to be driven by power supply, such as battery management systems and 314 control integrated circuit
315 3.13 316 passive protective device 317 protective device not driven by power supply, such as fuse
318 3.14 319 remote control software 320 an application software installed on an intelligent mobile terminal that can set, control or 321 monitor an electrical PeT through wireless connection.
322 3.15 323 brake 324 an action by which an electrical PeT automatically induces its wheels to stop or slow down. IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 13 – 125/8/NP
325 3.16 326 rated mileage 327 it refers to the accumulated mileage, during which, under indoor temperature, a fully charged 328 electrical PeT travels at a constant speed of 60% of the maximum speed specified by the 329 manufacturer at a flat hardened surface with a total load of 75 kg, and when the power is too 330 low to satisfy the speed, it travels at the maximum speed it can achieve, until it cannot 331 continue driving with low power.
332 Note 1 to entry: in kilometer (km)
333 4 Test conditions
334 4.1 Test road
335 The test is carried out on cement or asphalt roads of which the surface shall be smooth, dry 336 and tidy with good adhesion coefficient; the inspection road section shall be as level as 337 possible, whose longitudinal gradient shall not exceed 0.5% and transverse gradient shall not 338 exceed 3%.
339 Test area shall be arranged on the test road, and the width of test channel in the test area 340 shall not be less than 1m. The two ends of this test area shall have a traveling supporting 341 area that is long enough and an auxiliary area for ensuring safe stopping, and shall be able to 342 support travel in both directions.
343 4.2 Testing driver
344 If the maximum load of product is greater than or equal to 75kg, the total mass of the driver 345 and equipment shall not be less than 75kg, otherwise, counterweight shall be used; if the 346 maximum load of product is less than 75kg, the total mass of the driver and equipment shall 347 be the maximum load of product.
348 The driver shall be proficient in driving and familiar with test methods.
349 The driver shall be equipped with necessary protective equipment such as helmet, knee pads 350 and elbow pads.
351 The driver shall drive the vehicle under test according to the operation method specified by 352 the manufacturer, and shall keep the driving posture without significant change in the whole 353 test process and avoid the operation forbidden by the manufacturer.
354 4.3 Test environment
355 The temperature shall be within the working temperature range of the PeTs; unless otherwise 356 specified, the ambient temperature specified in this standard is (25±5)℃.
357 Relative humidity: not greater than 75%.
358 Atmospheric pressure: 86~106kPa.
359 During the test, the average wind speed shall not be greater than 3m/s, and the instantaneous 360 wind speed not greater than 5m/s.
361 Where the test is required to be carried out outdoors, rain and snow days shall be avoided. 125/8/NP – 14 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019
362 4.4 Test device
363 The equipment of complete machine for test shall be complete and fully charged as required 364 by the manufacturer.
365 The complete machine for test shall be in the state of normal driving according to the 366 manufacturer's instructions.
367 If test instrument is installed on the complete machine for test, its influence on the load 368 distribution of each wheel and wind resistance influence shall be minimized.
369 5 General safety requirements
370 5.1 Materials 371 372 5.1.1 Non-metal materials
373 Non-metal materials such as non-metal enclosures, circuit boards, connectors, etc. of PeTs 374 shall meet the requirements for flame retardancy. The flammability rating of non-metal 375 enclosures and circuit boards shall be at least V-1 and that of non-metal components and 376 parts in the enclosure of connectors shall be at least V-2, and the assessment method should 377 be in accordance with IEC 60695-11-10: 2013.
378 Note 1 to entry： This requirement is not applicable to decorative parts and other parts that cannot be ignited or 379 are unlikely to spread flames generated in the equipment.
380 Where the enclosure is made of thermoplastic non-metal material, it shall meet the 381 requirements of 8.4.
382 5.1.2 Metal materials
383 The metal enclosure of PeTs shall be corrosion-resistant and the corrosion resistance may be 384 achieved by appropriate electroplating or coating treatment.
385 In order to prevent possible short circuit between the live parts and the metal enclosure, an 386 insulating gasket shall be adopted for the metal enclosure, which shall not be made of 387 absorbent material and be able to meet the temperature change in the working process of 388 PeTs (including the charging process).
389 5.2 Enclosure
390 The electrical enclosure, fire enclosure, mechanical enclosure and environmental enclosure of 391 the PeTs shall be designed to be opened only by tools such as pliers, screwdrivers, etc., and 392 cannot be opened by hand alone.
393 5.3 Sharp edges
394 The hard protrusions of the tubular or equipment components on the outside of the PeTs, that 395 may cause a puncture hazard to the user, shall have adequate protection design (e.g. obtuse 396 angle design, etc.) to prevent stabbing the human body.
397 For threads that may result in puncture hazard, the length of the thread beyond its internal 398 coupling fitting shall be limited to the length of the outer diameter of one thread.
399 5.4 Warning devices
400 PeTs shall be fitted with front and rear lights or retro-reflectors or other similar warning 401 devices. There should be no danger of electric shock during the replacement process if the IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 15 – 125/8/NP
402 warning devices could be replaced, and the manufacturer should indicate the method of 403 replacement and installation in the user manual.
404 5.5 Safety protection function
405 5.5.1 Energy recovery overcharge protection
406 Certain protective measures shall be taken for PeTs with energy recovery function to prevent 407 overcharging of the cells and battery pack from energy recovery during downhill or 408 deceleration, e.g., safety alarms or similar protective measures shall be triggered before the 409 cells or battery pack is under overvoltage. PeTs without mechanical brake system (e.g. PeTs) 410 shall not cut off the discharge circuit due to overvoltage protection of cells or battery pack. 411 Where test is carried out according to 10.1.1, the PeTs shall not ignite or explode, and the 412 enclosure shall be free of rupture or leakage.
413 5.5.2 Charging lock
414 Where test is carried out according to 10.1.2, the PeTs shall not be able to start for driving 415 during charging. If it can be turned on, protective measures shall be provided to limit its 416 normal driving, such as cutting off driving power of the wheels.
417 418 5.6 Functional and components
419 5.6.1 Wireless connection
420 Electrical PeTs which have the functions of starting up, shutting down, limiting speed and 421 locking by remote control key or remote control software shall have an effective control 422 distance of not less than 2 m.
423 5.6.2 Automatic shutdown function
424 The electrical PeTs with automatic shutdown function shall be shut down automatically after 425 standing for not longer than 20 minutes in the power on state.
426 5.6.3 Safety alarm function
427 The electrical PeTs shall have safety warning functions (such as sound, light, vibration, etc.) 428 to remind users when necessary.
429 5.6.4 Pedal
430 When the user stands on the vehicle for a long time, each pedal shall be equipped with an 2 431 non-slip surface with an area of not less than 150 cm .
432 When the user stands on the vehicle for a short time and there is a seat on the vehicle, the 433 non-slip surface length of the pedal shall be at least 65 mm.
434 5.6.5 Switch
435 The electrical PeT shall be equipped with an obvious, easy-to-touch, and incorrect-operation- 436 prone controller device to turn on and off the drive power supply, and the device shall be 437 triggered by the user's own action.
438 5.6.6 Folding mechanism
439 The folding mechanism (if any) of the electrical PeTs shall be designed to be locked in a 440 simple, stable and safe manner. During driving, the locking device shall not touch the wheels 441 and other moving parts, and the folding mechanism shall not be unlocked accidentally, 442 incorrectly operated easily, or have obvious tripping risk. 125/8/NP – 16 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019
443 5.6.7 Cells and battery pack
444 For PeTs, its cells and battery pack shall meet the safety requirements for PeTs and shall be 445 able to ensure that PeTs can operate normally under its intended service conditions. The 446 safety of cells and battery pack for PeTs shall comply with IEC 62133-1: 2017 or IEC 62133-2: 447 2017.
448 5.6.8 Charger
449 The safety requirements for charger or power supply of PeTs shall meet the requirements of 450 IEC 60950-1:2013. The charger shall be compatible with the battery system of PeTs, and its 451 compliance shall be determined by review of the specifications of battery system and charger 452 and tests in this standard.
453 The connector equipped in the charger connecting to the charging interface of PeTs for 454 charging shall be designed to misalignment prevention and reverse polarity.
455 The charger used outdoors shall comply with relevant International standards (to be drafted).
456 5.6.9 Motor
457 The motor of PeTs shall meet the requirements of IEC 60034-1:2017 and the motor overload 458 test specified in 10.4.1 and the motor locked-rotor test specified in 10.4.2.
459 5.6.10 Cables and connectors
460 Discharge the fully charged PeTs to the discharge limit specified by the manufacturer at the 461 maximum current allowed by the system at ambient temperature, and monitor the temperature 462 of the cable and connector and make record. Any module of the cable and connector shall 463 meet: the temperature of the cable and connector shall be less than the temperature limit 464 specified by the manufacturer.
465 The exposed cable of PeTs shall withstand a tensile force of 156N which shall be applied and 466 maintained for 1min in the most unfavorable direction. After the test, the internal connector of 467 PeTs shall not be displaced or damaged, and the force direction displacement of the cable 468 under tension shall not exceed 2mm.
469 5.7 Main technical performance requirements
470 5.7.1 Maximum design speed
471 According to the maximum design speed test in 10.3.1, the maximum design speed shall not 472 be greater than 25 km/h.
473 5.7.2 Brake performance
474 When the brake test is carried out according to the procedures specified in 610.3.2, the dry 475 braking distance (S) of the electrical PeT shall meet the formula (1):
2 476 Sv≤+0.1 0.0143 v (1)
477 Where:
478 S — measured dry braking distance of electrical PeT, in meter (m);
479 v — the initial speed at the start of braking, in kilometer per hour (km/h).
480 Note 1 to entry: The parameters in the formula shall be calculated in the specified unit. IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 17 – 125/8/NP
481 5.7.3 Rated mileage
482 According to the rated mileage test stipulated in 10.3.3, the mileage after a full charge shall 483 not be less than the product nominal value.
484 5.8 Appearance requirements
485 The appearance of electrical PeT shall be neat, all parts and components shall be intact, and 486 the connection pieces are firm. Covering parts shall be flat with even clearance and free from 487 obvious dislocation. The surface of plastic parts shall be uniform in color and luster without 488 obvious scratches, flashes and unevenness. The decal shall be flat, smooth, and free of 489 bubbles, warped edges or obvious dislocation.
490 6 Electrical safety 491 492 6.1 Insulation requirements
493 The circuit board and modules of the charging-type PeTs with built-in power supply shall have 494 sufficient insulation protective measures, and the internal charging circuit shall be effectively 495 isolated from the accessible conductive parts, and one of the following methods may be 496 selected:
497 a) basic insulation or protective grounding system in case of basic insulation fault;
498 b) double or reinforced insulation;
499 c) combination of a) and b).
500 The electrical clearance, creepage distance and insulation penetration distance of the 501 charging-type PeTs with built-in power supply shall meet the requirements of 2.10, IEC 502 60950-1:2013.
503 For the charging-type PeTs with built-in power supply with protective grounding, the protective 504 grounding terminal and the conductive parts in contact with the connecting end shall meet the 505 requirements of 2.6.5.6, IEC 60950-1:2013.
506 6.2 Wiring requirements
507 Check the cables in the following order at ambient temperature:
508 a) the cables shall be well insulated and smooth without sharp edges;
509 b) the cables shall be protected against contacting with burrs, heat sinks or similar sharp 510 edges that may affect insulation. The surface of metal hole through which the cable passes 511 shall be smooth enough or the cables shall be provided with sleeves;
512 c) the cables shall be fixed reliably to prevent from contacting with moving parts and, if 513 necessary, other machinery may be added for fixing.
514 By inspection, the product shall meet a), b) and c).
515 The separable parts of PeTs, which may be removed during normal use or maintenance of 516 equipment, shall not cause excessive pressure on the electrical connection and internal 517 conductor, including the conductor that maintains grounding continuity. 125/8/NP – 18 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019
518 6.3 Safety requirements for short circuit
519 After tested with the method specified in 10.2.3, the PeTs shall not ignite or explode, and the 520 enclosure shall be free of rupture or leakage.
521 Note 1 to entry: Where the battery pack of PeTs has passed the short-circuit test and been evaluated based on the 522 characteristics of the PeTs under test, the short-circuit test specified in this standard may not be necessary if there 523 is no difference between the short-circuit test on the complete PeTs and that on battery pack.
524 6.4 Thermal requirements
525 The heating requirements of PeTs shall comply with those specified in 4.5.1, IEC 60950- 526 1:2013.
527 The materials suitable for components and PeTs structure shall be selected to ensure that the 528 temperature of PeTs will not exceed its temperature limit when working under normal load. 529 After tested according to the method specified in 10.2.4, the measured temperature limits of 530 materials and components of PeTs shall comply with those specified in 4.5.3, IEC 60950- 531 1:2013; and the measured temperature limits of accessible parts in the user-accessible area 532 shall comply with those specified in 4.5.4, IEC 60950-1:2013. In addition, the PeTs shall not 533 ignite or explode, and the enclosure shall be free of rupture or leakage during test.
534 6.5 Dielectric strength
535 This requirement is only applicable to charging-type PeTs with built-in power supply or its 536 modules.
537 The charging-type PeTs with built-in power supply shall have sufficient dielectric strength and 538 the test method shall meet those specified in 10.2.5.
539 7 Functional safety 540 The functional safety of PeTs shall comply with appropriate functional safety requirements in 541 one of the following standards as appropriate to the design of the electronic and software 542 protection scheme:
543 – IEC 61508：2010;
544 – IEC 62061: 2015;
545 – ISO 13849：2015.
546 8 Mechanical safety 547 8.1 Enclosure protection class
548 The enclosure protection grade of PeTs shall not be inferior to IP34.
549 8.2 Static strength
550 After static strength test is carried out according to the method specified in 10.5.2, all parts of 551 PeTs shall be free of visible crack or rupture, and the PeTs shall be able to work normally.
552 8.3 Dynamic strength
553 After dynamic strength test is carried out according to the method specified in 10.5.3, all parts 554 of PeTs shall be free of visible crack or rupture, and the PeTs shall be able to work normally.
555 8.4 Strain relief 556 After strain relief test is carried out according to the method specified in 10.5.4, the PeTs 557 under test shall be free of obvious shrinkage deformation. IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 19 – 125/8/NP
558 For the charging-type PeTs with built-in power supply, a 100mm-long test piece with a 559 diameter of 2.5mm as specified in IEC 60529：2013 shall be adopted for test, which shall not 560 touch the internal charging circuit section. 561 8.5 Handle strength
562 This requirement is only applicable to the PeTs with handles.
563 The handles of PeTs shall have sufficient strength to ensure safety under actual service 564 conditions.
565 After handle strength test is carried out according to 10.5.5, the handles of PeTs shall not be 566 broken or cracked; the fixing components between handles and PeTs as well as the 567 components of PeTs shall not be broken or cracked.
568 Note 1 to entry: This requirement is not applicable to the handle components that only have auxiliary push function.
569 8.6 Saddle strength
570 This requirement is only applicable to the PeTs with saddles.
571 The saddle of PeTs shall meet the requirements of ISO 4210-9:2014.
572 9 Reliability 573 9.1 Vibration
574 Vibration test is carried out according to 10.6.1. After the test, all parts of PeTs shall be free 575 of visible crack or rupture, and the PeTs shall be able to drive normally.
576 9.2 Drop
577 Drop test is carried out according to 10.6.2. After the test, crack or rupture may exist on the 578 enclosure of PeTs, but the main load-bearing structure of manned part of the vehicle body 579 shall be free of obvious damage and leakage, and shall not ignite or explode.
580 For the charging-type PeTs with built-in power supply, a 100mm-long test piece with a 581 diameter of 2.5mm as specified in IEC 60529：2013 shall be adopted for test, which shall not 582 touch the internal charging circuit.
583 9.3 Impact
584 Impact test is carried out according to 10.6.3. After the test, the PeTs shall have normal 585 functions, and not ignite or explode, and the enclosure shall be free of rupture or leakage.
586 For the charging-type PeTs with built-in power supply, a 100mm-long test piece with a 587 diameter of 2.5mm as specified in IEC 60529：2013 shall be adopted for test, which shall not 588 touch the internal charging circuit.
589 9.4 Temperature shock
590 Temperature shock test is carried out according to 10.6.4. After the test, the PeTs under test 591 shall be able to drive normally, and the enclosure shall be free of rupture or leakage.
592 9.5 Partial water immersion
593 Partial water immersion test is carried out according to 10.6.5. The PeTs shall not ignite or 594 explode, and the enclosure shall be free of rupture or leakage. 125/8/NP – 20 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019
595 9.6 Salt spray resistance
596 The salt spray test shall be carried out in accordance with 10.6.6. After the test, all 597 components and connectors of samples shall not be corroded, and the samples do not lose 598 their normal driving function, and the electrical parts function normally.
599 9.7 Low temperature test
600 9.7.1 Low temperature storage
601 The low temperature storage test shall be carried out in accordance with 10.6.7.1. After the 602 test, samples shall not lose their normal driving function, and the electrical parts shall function 603 normally.
604 9.7.2 Low temperature operation
605 After the low temperature operation test in accordance with 10.6.7.2, samples shall not lose 606 their normal driving function, and the electrical parts shall function normally.
607 9.8 High temperature test
608 9.8.1 High temperature storage
609 The high temperature storage test shall be carried out in accordance with 10.6.8.1. After the 610 test, samples shall not lose their normal driving function, and the electrical parts shall function 611 normally.
612 9.8.2 High temperature and high humidity operation
613 After the high temperature and high humidity operation test in accordance with 10.6.8.2, 614 samples shall not lose their normal driving function or sudden stop, and the electrical parts 615 shall function normally.
616 9.9 Electromagnetic compatibility
617 Electromagnetic disturbance generated by the electrical PeT shall not exceed the level 618 allowed for its intended use, and the radiation of the electrical PeT shall be in accordance 619 with IEC 61000-6-3: 2010.
620 The electrical PeT shall have enough immunity level to the electromagnetic disturbance, so as 621 to ensure that it can run correctly in the expected environment. The immunity of electrical PeT 622 shall comply with IEC 61000-6-1: 2016.
623 10 Test methods 624 10.1 Safety protection function test
625 10.1.1 Energy recovery overcharge protection
626 The test method for energy recovery overcharge protection of PeTs is as follows:
627 a) Speed limit for single battery overvoltage alarm: 628 – for a fully charged PeT, discharge all but one cell to the specified full discharge state, and 629 then discharge the undischarged cells to about 50% of the specified state of charge (SOC), 630 so that an imbalance occurs before charging. Fully charge the PeT with a standard 631 charger; 632 – trigger the PeT to enter normal driving state. Apply a constant charging current of 0.2C to 633 the battery pack output end of the PeTs (the charging current shall be the value after 634 offsetting the output current required for the PeT to maintain operating state) to 635 continuously charge the battery pack so as to simulate the energy recovery of PeT during 636 down hilling or braking; monitor whether the PeT gives safety alarm and starts protective IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 21 – 125/8/NP
637 measures or cuts off power to stop operating before the voltage of single battery selected 638 reaches 1.03 times of the specified upper limited charging voltage. 639 b) Speed limit for battery pack overvoltage alarm: 640 – turn on the fully charged PeT and trigger it to enter normal driving state. Apply a constant 641 charging current of 0.2C to the battery pack output end of the PeT (the charging current 642 shall be the value after offsetting the output current required for the PeTs to maintain 643 operating state) to continuously charge the battery pack so as to simulate the energy 644 recovery of PeT during down hilling or braking; monitor whether safety alarm is given and 645 protective measures are started or the PeT cuts off power to stop operating before the 646 voltage of the battery pack of PeT reaches 1.03 times of the specified upper limited 647 charging voltage; meanwhile, monitor the temperature of battery pack as reference.
648 During test procedures a) and b), observe the PeT to see whether it ignites or explores, and 649 whether there is enclosure rupture or leakage.
650
651 10.1.2 Charging lock
652 Turn on the PeTs not fully charged for three times to ensure that it can start and drive 653 normally.
654 Use a standard charger specified by the manufacturer to charge the PeTs in shutdown state. 655 Turn on the PeTs for three times during charging. If the PeTs cannot be turned on, the test 656 ends; if the PeTs is able to be turned on normally, detect whether it is able to be driven.
657 10.2 Functional requirements test
658 10.2.1 Wireless connection test
659 Power on and off the PeT twice each with a remote control or remote control software, to 660 check whether the complete machine can turn on or off normally. Normally control the PeT, in 661 four directions of front, back, left and right, from a distance of more than 2 meters, to check 662 whether the PeT can be controlled effectively.
663 10.2.2 Automatic shutdown function test
664 Support the PeT in the power on state with a holder, to keep the PeT in a normal standing 665 position, then record the standing shutdown time of the vehicle with a stopwatch.
666 10.2.3 Signal function test
667 The signal function test includes safety alarm, lights and other signal devices. The details are 668 as follows:
669 a) For the PeT with locking function, after turning on, move the PeT in the locking state to 670 check whether there is a safety alarm or related signal; 671 b) Turn on the power and check whether the brake light is on after braking. 672 c) Turn on the light switch and check whether the light is on.
673 10.3 Main technical performance test
674 10.3.1 Maximum design speed test
675 The test conditions for maximum speed test are shown in Clause 4.
676 Perform the maximum design speed test as follows: 125/8/NP – 22 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019
677 a) As shown in Figure 1, during the test, the tested electrical PeT accelerates in the 678 auxiliary driving area, maintains the highest speed before reaching the testing area, 679 and passes through the 4 m testing area at the highest speed. During this time, the 680 time t1 of passing through the A-B speed measuring area and the time t2 of passing 681 through the B-C speed measuring area shall be measured. The t1 and t2 shall be in 682 second (s);
683 b) Calculate the speed V1 of passing through A-B section and the speed V2 of passing 684 through B-C section respectively according to formula (2) and (3):
3.6L 685 V1 = (2) t1
3.6L 686 V2 = (3) t2
687 The difference between V1 and V2 shall not be greater than 5% of the smaller one, and 688 the forward maximum speed test result of passing through the speed measuring area 689 shall be calculated according to formula (4): VV+ 690 V = 12 (4) 2
691 Where:
692 V — the maximum forward speed, in kilometers per hour (km/h);
693 L— the length (2m) of A-B or B-C section of the test area, in meter (m);
694 c) Then, a reverse direction test shall be carried out on the same road section to measure 695 the maximum reverse speed of passing through the speed measuring areaV ′ ; 696 d) Five back-and-forth driving tests shall be continuously carried out, and the highest 697 speed results of two tests (four results in total) shall be taken respectively, and the 698 data shall be kept to one decimal place. The difference between the lowest value and 699 the highest value of the selected four test results shall not be greater than 10% of the 700 lowest value, otherwise, additional test shall be conducted to eliminate the deviation 701 value.
702 The maximum speed test result is the arithmetic mean value of the above four test results, 703 and the data shall be kept to one decimal place.
704
705 Figure 1 – Schematic Diagram of Maximum Speed Test
706 10.3.2 Brake performance test
707 The test conditions of brake performance test are shown in Clause 4. IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 23 – 125/8/NP
708 As shown in Figure 2, brake performance tests shall be carried out in the following steps. The 709 wheels of the electrical PeT shall not be locked during the test, there shall be no deviation in 710 the driving of the PeT and there shall be no abnormal vibration. The tested electrical PeT 711 shall run roughly along the center line of the test area:
712 a) Accelerate the tested electrical PeT in the auxiliary driving area to the 0.9 times 713 maximum speed specified by the manufacturer in the initial speed test area; 714 b) When the PeT moves at a 0.9 times maximum speed to the braking distance test area, 715 the driver shall brake immediately until the electrical PeT stops completely. The 716 measured braking distance is the distance from the initial braking point to the point 717 where the electrical PeT stops completely. 718 c) Five back-and-forth braking tests shall be carried out continuously for a total of 10 719 times. The arithmetic average of the test results shall be the braking distance of the 720 electrical PeT, and the data shall be kept to one decimal place.
721 When there is any of the following circumstance in the test, the test carried out is not 722 valid:
723 – During the brake test, the landing point of any one wheel exceeds the side line of the test 724 lane. 725 – The modified braking distance deviation rate for each back-and-forth test is more than 726 20%.
727
728 Figure 2 – Schematic Diagram of Brake Performance Test
729 10.3.3 Rated mileage test
730 Rated range test conditions are shown in Clause 4.
731 At indoor temperature, the driver shall drive a fully charged electrical PeT at a constant speed 732 of 60% of the maximum speed specified by the manufacturer on the test road. When the 733 power is too low to reach the speed, continue to drive the electrical PeT at the highest speed 734 that it can reach until it no longer continue to drive with low power. Record the accumulated 735 mileage in km from the start to the stop of the PeT.
736 10.4 Electrical safety test
737 10.4.1 Motor overload test
738 Motor overload test is used to evaluate the safety performance of motor under overload 739 conditions.
740 Installing the motor in a PeTs for testing shall be at the first consideration, and the 741 temperature of motor winding is monitored simultaneously. For test purpose, the motor may 742 be tested separately, but its heat dissipation conditions cannot be superior to those for 743 installing on the PeTs. 125/8/NP – 24 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019
744 The motor first operates under the maximum normal load conditions, then the load is 745 increased to ensure proper increasing of current while the power supply voltage of motor 746 remains at its original value. Increase the load again when the temperature keeps stable. 747 Thus, the load is gradually increased in an appropriate way until the overload protector acts 748 or the motor winding becomes open-circuit.
749 Determine the temperature of motor winding in each steady-state period and record the 750 maximum temperature value which shall not exceed the limits specified in Table 1.
751 Table 1 – Temperature limits of motor winding in overload test
Temperature grade Grade A (105) Grade E (120) Grade B (130) Grade F (155) Grade H (180)
Temperature limit ℃ 140 155 165 190 215
752 10.4.2 Motor locked-rotor test
753 Motor locked-rotor test is used to evaluate the safety performance of motor under locked-rotor 754 conditions.
755 The motor is subjected to locked-rotor for 7h under the service voltage of PeTs or the motor 756 temperature reaches a steady state, the larger one is taken. The motor is installed in a PeTs 757 for testing, and the temperature of motor winding is monitored simultaneously. The motor may 758 be tested separately from the PeTs, but its heat dissipation conditions cannot be superior to 759 those for installing on the PeTs.
760 The maximum temperature of motor winding shall be recorded and shall not exceed the limits 761 specified in Table 2.
762 Table 2 – Temperature limits of motor winding in locked-rotor test
Limiting temperature ℃ Motor protection category 105 120 130 155 180 (Grade A) (Grade E) (Grade B) (Grade F) (Grade H) a) Motors with a test working time of 30s or 5min or controlled by a timer and watched by 200 215 225 240 260 a person during service b) Impedance protection motor 150 165 175 190 210 c) Motors with protector acts in the first 1h 200 215 225 240 260 d) Motors with protector acts after the first 1h 175 190 200 215 235
763 10.4.3 Short-circuit test
764 As for a fully charged PeT, the positive and negative poles of the charging port of the PeT or 765 the input port of built-in battery pack of the built-in power charging PeTs shall be short- 766 circuited with a resistance of not greater than 20mΩ, and shall be short-circuited under any 767 single fault condition of any protective device in the relevant battery protection circuit (refer to 768 Annex A for analysis and determination of a single fault). The temperature of the PeT under 769 test shall be monitored in real time during the test.
770 Same as the procedure, short-circuit the positive and negative poles of the discharging port of 771 the PeT or the output port of built-in battery pack of the built-in power charging PeT.
772 The PeTs shall maintain short circuit state until its temperature drops to ambient temperature 773 or a fire or explosion occurs. IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 25 – 125/8/NP
774 After the test, turn it on for three times to check whether it can be turned on and driven 775 normally. If it works, it shall be subjected to one charge-discharge cycle according to the 776 parameters specified by the manufacturer and observed for 1h.
777 10.4.4 Thermal test
778 In this test, the temperature of the battery, motor and other parts and components of PeTs 779 and the temperature of surfaces accessible to the user shall always be monitored. Test 780 according to the following steps:
781 a) At ambient temperature, charge the fully discharged PeTs with the standard charger at 782 the maximum charging parameter specified by the manufacturer, until the voltage and 783 current monitored on the battery reach the fully charged state specified by the 784 manufacturer; 785 b) Discharge the fully charged PeTs under the maximum load conditions specified by the 786 manufacturer, monitor the voltage and current of the battery until the PeTs reaches the 787 specified discharge cut-off voltage; 788 c) Repeat Steps a) and b) until 2 complete charge-discharge cycles are completed.
789 During the charge-discharge cycle, it shall be ensured that the voltage, current and measured 790 temperature of the PeTs do not exceed the parameter limits specified by the manufacturer.
791 10.4.5 Dielectric strength test 792 10.4.5.1 Pretreatment 793 During the moisture-proof treatment, the sample shall be placed in a damp-heat cabinet with a 794 temperature of (40±2)℃ and a relative humidity of (93±3)% for 120h. During the moisture-heat 795 treatment, the sample shall not be energized and powered on.
796 The sample shall be placed in an environment of t ℃ ~(t+4)℃ for at least 4h before the 797 moisture-heat treatment. Wherein, t is a suitable temperature between 20 ℃ ~30℃ where 798 condensation will not occur.
799 The test in 10.4.5.2 is carried out immediately after the moisture-proof treatment.
800 10.4.5.2 Test procedure 801 This test shall be carried out after pretreatment.
802 This test procedure shall meet the requirements of 5.2.2, IEC 60950-1: 2013. Wherein, the 803 peak operating voltage is the maximum charging voltage of the PeTs.
804 10.5 Mechanical safety test
805 10.5.1 Enclosure protection class test
806 Test method for the enclosure protection class of PeTs shall meet the requirements of IEC 807 60529: 2013.
808 10.5.2 Static strength test
809 For a seatless PeT at ambient temperature, a static load that is three times the upper weight 810 limit specified by the manufacturer is applied to the center point of the footrest by a 811 supporting member (wooden block, etc.) with a cross-sectional dimension of 102mm×254mm. 812 The load is gradually applied within 5s and maintained for 5s.
813 If the footrest is composed two or more pieces or multiple parts, the applied load shall be 814 evenly distributed at the center of each piece or each part as described above. 125/8/NP – 26 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019
815 For an PeTs with seat, a static load that is three times the upper weight limit specified by the 816 manufacturer shall be applied at the center point of the seat surface in the same way.
817 10.5.3 Dynamic strength test 818 10.5.3.1 Pretreatment 819 Before test, the PeTs under test should be placed in an environment with a temperature of 820 (23±2)℃ and a relative humidity of (50±5)% or a temperature of (20±2)℃ and a relative 821 humidity of (65±5)%.
822 If load-bearing structural parts (except decorative parts), such as footrest or stand, are made 823 of plastic material, the sample shall be at least placed for 6h at a temperature of (-5±1)℃ or 824 the minimum operating temperature stated by the manufacturer, which is lower.
825 10.5.3.2 Test procedure 826 After sample pretreatment, the test shall be started within 1min and completed within 5min.
827 The maximum load specified by the manufacturer is applied by a supporting member (wooden 828 block, etc.) with a cross-sectional dimension of 102mm×254mm at the center of footrest of the 829 turned-on PeTs.
830 The PeTs drops vertically from a height, at which the bottom end of its tire is 300mm above 831 the ground, for 3 times. The load applied to the footrest shall always be maintained when 832 dropping.
833 10.5.4 Strain relief test
834 This test is used to evaluate the shrinkage or deformation caused by the internal stress 835 released by the thermoplastic non-metal enclosure during mould pressing or injection molding, 836 which will further result in exposure of hazardous parts or reduction of electric clearance.
837 Test shall be carried out according to the following steps:
838 a) Place the fully discharged PeTs in an convective circulating oven, of which, the 839 temperature is set to a constant temperature of 70℃, and maintained for 7h; 840 b) Take out the PeTs under test from the oven and cool it to ambient temperature.
841 10.5.5 Handle strength test
842 This test is only applicable to PeTs with handles.
843 During test, tension is applied to the center (75mm in width) of the handle end of the PeTs; 844 the tension is increased from 0 to F within 5~10s and maintained for 1min.
845 If a PeTs has multiple handles, tension may be allocated evenly to these handles for test. 846 However, for PeTs with weight less than 25kg, if the user is able to lift the whole PeTs with 847 only one handle, each handle shall withstand the tension of F.
848 Wherein,
849 a) When the handle is for carrying, the tension F shall be equal to 4 times the total weight 850 of the PeTs (including the detachable strap), and the application direction is vertically 851 upward; 852 b) When the handle is for handling, the tension F shall be equal to 300N, and the 853 application direction is the four horizontal directions (front, rear, left and right) of the 854 handle end, and each direction is tested once. When the handle is for both handling 855 and carrying, the tension F shall be equal to 4 times the total weight of the PeTs 856 (including the detachable strap). IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 27 – 125/8/NP
857 Note 1 to entry: This test is not applicable to handle components with auxiliary pushing function only.
858 10.5.6 Saddle strength test
859 Test method for saddle of PeTs shall meet the requirements of ISO 4210-9: 2014.
860 10.6 Reliability test
861 10.6.1 Vibration test
862 10.6.1.1 Sinusoidal vibration
863 Under the test conditions of 4.3 and 4.4, fix the PeTs in the posture of transportation (folding 864 mechanism is in the folded state) under test on the vibration test platform, and carry out 865 sinusoidal vibration test according to the test parameters of Table 3, so that the PeTs under 866 test is subjected to vibration along three vertical axes in the space. Unless otherwise 867 specified by the manufacturer, the test starts from the Z axis, then the Y axis, and finally the X 868 axis; the Z axis is the axis perpendicular to the horizontal ground when the PeTs is in normal 869 driving posture, the Y axis is the axial direction along the PeTs wheel on the horizontal plane, 870 and the X axis is the axial direction perpendicular to the wheel on the horizontal plane.
871 Table 3 – Sinusoidal vibration test parameters
Frequency range Acceleration (gn)/amplitude Continuous logarithmic cycle Hz mm (7Hz~200Hz~7Hz)
7 18 1gn 18 25 0.8mm 15min 25 200 2gn
Back to 7Hz and repeat cycle
Repeat 12 cycles on X, Y and Z axes
872 10.6.1.2 Random vibration
873 Under the test conditions of 4.3 and 4.4, fix the PeTs in the normal driving posture (folding 874 mechanism is in the open and locked state) on the test platform, and carry out the vibration 875 test in three directions. The test parameters are given in Tables 4~7. Unless otherwise 876 specified by the manufacturer, the test starts from the Z axis, then the Y axis, and finally the X 877 axis; the Z axis is the axis perpendicular to the horizontal ground when the PeTs is in the 878 normal driving posture, the Y axis is the axial direction along the PeTs wheel on the horizontal 879 plane, and the X axis is the axial direction perpendicular to the wheel on the horizontal plane.
880 The test duration in each direction is 21h. If two identical test samples are adopted for test, 881 the test duration may be reduced to 15h; if three identical test samples are adopted for test, 882 the test duration may be reduced to 12h.
883 After test, one charge-discharge cycle shall be carried for the PeTs under test.
884 Table 4 – PSD value on X axis
Frequency Power spectrum density (PSD) Power spectrum density (PSD)
2 2 2 Hz gn /Hz (m/s ) /Hz 5 0.0125 1.20 10 0.03 2.89 20 0.03 2.89 125/8/NP – 28 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019
200 0.00025 0.02 2 r.m.s 0.96gn 9.42m/s
885 Table 5 – PSD value on Y axis
Frequency Power spectrum density (PSD) Power spectrum density (PSD) 2 2 2 Hz gn /Hz (m/s ) /Hz 5 0.04 3.85 20 0.04 3.85 200 0.0008 0.08
2 r.m.s 1.23gn 12.07m/s
886 Table 6 – PSD value on Y axis (the battery pack is located below the footrest)
Frequency Power spectrum density (PSD) Power spectrum density (PSD) 2 2 2 Hz gn /Hz (m/s ) /Hz 5 0.01 0.96 10 0.015 1.44 20 0.015 1.44 50 0.01 0.96 200 0.0004 0.04
2 r.m.s 0.95gn 9.32m/s
887 Table 7 – PSD value on Z axis
Frequency Power spectrum density (PSD) Power spectrum density (PSD)
2 2 2 Hz gn /Hz (m/s ) /Hz 5 0.05 4.81 10 0.06 5.77 20 0.06 5.77 200 0.0008 0.08
2 r.m.s 1.44gn 14.13m/s
888 10.6.2 Drop test
889 Drop the fully charged PeTs at a height where the wheel is (h±0.01)m from the test surface on 890 a concrete test surface or other test surfaces with similar hardness, and repeatedly drop for 891 three times in the same direction.
892 The drop direction shall be the most representative direction when the user holds or lifts the 893 PeTs. The test surface thickness is no less than 76mm, and the surface area shall be large 894 enough to accommodate the dropped PeTs sample.
895 Wherein, the value of drop height h is shown in Table 8.
896 Table 8 – Values of drop height h
Weight of a complete PET (including the battery pack) M Drop height h M≤18kg 1m 18kg
897 If the main load-bearing structure or protective enclosure of the manned part of the PeTs body 898 is made of plastic material, the PeTs under test shall be placed at -10℃ (or the minimum IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 29 – 125/8/NP
899 operating temperature specified by the manufacturer, which is lower) for at least 4h before 900 drop test. The drop test shall be carried out within 5min after the sample is taken out from the 901 cold environment.
902 After the test, turn it on for three times to check whether it can be turned on and driven 903 normally. If it works, it shall be subjected to one charge-discharge cycle according to the 904 parameters specified by the manufacturer.
905 10.6.3 Impact test
906 The fully charged PeTs sample, which is in normal driving state, is fixed to the test device 907 with a rigid bracket, which supports all mounting faces of the test sample.
908 The impact test shall be carried out according to the parameters of Table 9 or the conditions 909 stated by the manufacturer and the evaluation requirements of the PeTs. All the six faces of 910 the PeTs shall be tested, and each face shall be tested for 3 times.
911 After the test, turn it on for three times to check whether it can be turned on and driven 912 normally. If it works, it shall be subjected to one charge-discharge cycle according to the 913 parameters specified by the manufacturer.
914 Table 9 – Impact test parameters
Weight of a complete PeTs Pulse waveform Acceleration Duration Impact times (including the battery pack) M 3 times for each M≤12kg Half sine wave 50gn 11ms face 3 times for each 12kg
915 10.6.4 Temperature shock test
916 The PeTs under test shall meet the conditions specified in 4.4. Before the test, the PeTs 917 under test shall be subjected to visual inspection and function inspection to ensure that it is 918 intact and can be turned on and drive normally. Temperature shock test shall be carried out 919 according to the requirements of IEC 60068-2-14.
920 For the test, the low temperature TA is (-20±2)℃ and the high temperature TB is (60±2)℃; the 921 exposure duration at both temperatures is no less than 6h; the number of test cycles is 5.
922 After the test is completed and restored, the PeTs under test is visually inspected; if there is 923 no enclosure rupture, leakage, etc., turn it on for three times to check whether it can be 924 turned on and driven normally. If it works, it shall be subjected to one charge-discharge cycle 925 according to the parameters specified by the manufacturer.
926 10.6.5 Partial water immersion test
927 Turn on the fully charged PeTs and immerse it in 5% (mass %) NaCl aqueous solution at 928 ambient temperature. The water level and the immersion posture of PeTs shall ensure that 929 the battery pack of PeTs under test is fully immersed in water. The vehicle is immersed for 930 5min.
931 Then take out the PeTs under test and keep it still at ambient temperature for 72h. During the 932 test, pay attention to observe whether abnormal phenomena such as fire, explosion, 933 enclosure rupture or leakage occur to the PeTs. 125/8/NP – 30 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019
934 After the test, turn it on for three times to check whether it can be turned on and driven 935 normally. If it works, it shall be subjected to one charge-discharge cycle according to the 936 parameters specified by the manufacturer.
937 10.6.6 Salt spray test
938 The salt spray test shall comply with IEC 60068-2-11: 1981, but the corrosion resistance of 939 the components apparently unrelated to safety may be ignored. The test period is 48 h. The 940 electrical PeT shall be tested in the shutdown state, and the sample shall not be removed in 941 the course of the test.
942 10.6.7 Low temperature test
943 10.6.7.1 Low temperature storage
944 According to IEC 60068-2-1: 2007, put the tested sample which is in the shutdown state into 945 the temperature test chamber, reduce the temperature to (-20 ± 2) °C at a rate of 1°C/min and 946 then maintain for 72 h. After rising to the indoor temperature at the same rate, take out the 947 sample to recover at indoor temperature, and the recovery time shall be sufficient to stabilize 948 the sample temperature for at least 1 hour. Check whether the tested sample can work 949 normally after recovery.
950 10.6.7.2 Low temperature operation
951 Perform low temperature operation test as follows:
952 a) Put the PeT into the temperature test chamber according to IEC 60068-2-1: 2007, and 953 make the PeT start up and run normally. Reduce the temperature at a rate of 1°C/min 954 in the test chamber from indoor temperature to (-10 ± 2) °C or to the lowest running 955 temperature of the PeT as specified by the manufacturer (the lower temperature shall 956 prevail); 957 b) Keep the tested PeT running continuously until its low-power safety alarm, and then 958 raise the temperature of the test chamber to the indoor temperature at a temperature 959 rise rate of 1°C/min; 960 c) Fully charge the tested PeT according to the charging conditions specified by the 961 manufacturer; 962 d) Repeat steps a) and b) for one time; 963 e) Take out the sample to recover at indoor temperature. The recovery time shall be 964 enough to keep the sample temperature stable for at least 1 hour. Check whether the 965 tested sample can work normally after recovery.
966 During the test, the vehicle wheel shall not stop due to a sudden failure of the power before 967 the low-power safety alarms.
968 10.6.8 High temperature test
969 10.6.8.1 High temperature storage
970 According to IEC 60068-2-2: 2007, put the tested sample which is in the shutdown state into 971 the temperature test chamber, raise the temperature to (60 ± 2) °C at a rate of 1°C/min and 972 then maintain for 72 h. After reducing to the indoor temperature at the same rate, take out the 973 sample to recover at indoor temperature, and the recovery time shall be sufficient to stabilize 974 the temperature for at least 1 hour. Check whether the tested sample can work normally after 975 recovery.
976 10.6.8.2 High temperature and high humidity operation
977 Perform high temperature operation test as follows: IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 31 – 125/8/NP
978 a) Put the PeT into the temperature test chamber according to IEC 60068-2-2: 2007, and 979 make the PeT start up and run normally. Set the relative humidity of the test chamber 980 at (93 ± 3)%, and raise the temperature at a rate of 1 /min from the indoor 981 temperature to (40 ± 2)°C or to the maximum running temperature of the PeT specified 982 by the manufacturer (the higher temperature shall prevail); ℃ 983 b) Keep the tested PeT running continuously until its low-power safety alarm, and then 984 reduce the temperature of the test chamber to the indoor temperature at a temperature 985 change rate of 1°C/min; 986 c) Fully charge the tested PeT according to the charging conditions specified by the 987 manufacturer; 988 d) Repeat steps a) and b) for one time; 989 e) Take out the sample to recover at indoor temperature of (25 ± 5) °C, and the recovery 990 time shall be sufficient to keep the sample temperature stable for at least 1 h. Check 991 whether the tested sample can work normally after recovery.
992 During the test, the vehicle wheel shall not stop due to a sudden failure of the power before 993 the low-power safety alarms.
994 11 Marking and instruction 995 11.1 General
996 The marking and description include the correct safety use and maintenance information for 997 the PeTs. The above information shall not only be referred by the user for the normal use and 998 maintenance, but also be referred by the maintenance personnel. The safety of use, 999 maintenance and repair, especially the safety use instructions for replaceable battery packs 1000 and optional accessories, shall be taken into full consideration for the above information. 1001 Marks, symbols and written warnings, especially the contents regarding the function and 1002 safety of PeTs, must be clear and easy to understand. The easy-to-understand symbols 1003 (pictograms) take precedence over written warnings.
1004 11.2 Product nameplate
1005 11.2.1 Nameplate information
1006 The nameplate of PeTs shall contain the necessary user instructions and its specifications:
1007 – product name and model; 1008 – name or trademark and address of the manufacturer; 1009 – rated capacity and voltage of battery; 1010 – input voltage; 1011 – maximum loading capacity: 1012 – maximum speed;
1013 Among which, rated capacity and voltage of battery, name or trademark and address of the 1014 manufacturer are allowed to be indicated on external packaging or in operating instructions. 1015 Other labeling instructions shall be marked on the obvious position of PeTs accessible to the 1016 users.
1017 11.2.2 Durability
1018 The nameplate of the PeTs shall be durable and legible.
1019 Conformity is inspected by observing and performing the following tests:
1020 Wipe the nameplate for 15s with a cloth immersed in water, then wipe for 15s with a cloth 1021 soaked in gasoline. The nameplate labeling shall still be clear after the test, no damage or 1022 curling shall occur, and it shall not be easily removed from the sticking surface by hand. 125/8/NP – 32 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019
1023 Note 1 to entry: This test is not carried out on the nameplate label printed, casted, pressed or engraved.
1024 Note 2 to entry: It is recommended that the gasoline used is solvent ethane with a maximum aromatic content 1025 volume ratio of 0.1%, a kauri butanol number of 29, an initial boiling point of about 65℃, a dry point of about 69℃, 1026 and a density of 0.66g/cm3.
1027 11.3 Safety and warning signs
1028 The PeTs body and the external of charger and battery pack shall be provided with necessary 1029 safety and warning signs to inform the user of safety use. Safety and warning signs for 1030 precautions when using, operating, maintaining and disassembling PeTs shall be provided if 1031 necessary.
1032 Safety and warning signs include but are not limited to:
1033 – the PeTs shall be marked with “applicable to XX charger only” and other similar warning 1034 instructions at the eye-catching position; 1035 – the charger nameplate shall be marked with “only for XX PeTs use” and other similar 1036 warning instructions; the charger used outdoors shall have the nameplate indicating the 1037 outdoor use conditions; 1038 – the charger of PeTs shall have an interface mark and instructions; 1039 – the users must read the warning messages or icons in the instructions before use; 1040 – the battery pack warning sign shall comply with the requirements of relevant standard for 1041 battery products; 1042 – other appropriate safety warning instructions.
1043 11.4 Instructions
1044 The instructions of PeTs shall contain relevant descriptions and use instructions for the 1045 necessary use, operation, maintenance and disassembly of the PeTs, which include but not 1046 limited to:
1047 – the dimension and weight, as well as the load or load capacity limits of PeTs; 1048 – enclosure protection class of PeTs; 1049 – ambient temperature limits and conditions (such as outdoor or indoor charging) for work, 1050 storage and charging of PeTs; 1051 – the charging method of PeTs; 1052 – the storage, operation and recycling methods of PeTs; 1053 – the requirements and methods for closing or switching the PeTs to a certain mode of 1054 operation; 1055 – a detailed description for the operating environment and usage restrictions of PeTs, 1056 including but not limited to environmental conditions, pavement conditions, such as the 1057 gradient, speed, effective load of the pavement; 1058 – a description for the operating environment and potential risks that may result in a 1059 hazardous situation when using and driving. Appropriate training information shall be 1060 provided to avoid abnormal and unexpected operations, such as sudden turn, acceleration 1061 or deceleration; 1062 – restrictive condition information such as user age and physical condition; 1063 – the steps for users to get on/off the PeTs and user notes; 1064 – instructions on the protective measures such as helmets, knee pads, elbow pads and 1065 other protective gears for users; 1066 – such risks as fire or electric shock, and the instruction that user is prohibited from 1067 disassembling and maintaining the vehicle; 1068 – other appropriate safety warnings. IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 33 – 125/8/NP
1069 125/8/NP – 34 – IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019
1070 Annex A 1071 (normative) 1072 1073 Protective circuit and safety analysis
1074 The battery system protective circuit of the PeTs should be able to maintain the battery 1075 working within its normal charging and discharging working range within the entire life cycle of 1076 PeTs. If it exceeds the normal operating limit of battery, the protective circuit can limit or close 1077 the charge and discharge process to prevent exceeding the normal operating limits. The 1078 compliance can be verified by checking the battery specifications and safety analysis and test 1079 of this standard. Safety analysis, if necessary, may be carried out as follows:
1080 a) The electrical system of PeTs is subjected to potential hazard analysis (including 1081 FMEA) to analyze whether possible hazards (e.g., fire, explosion, etc.) are identified or 1082 avoided by design or other means. The safety analysis method may comply with the 1083 requirements of IEC 60812: 2018; 1084 b) The analysis in a) identifies potential faults in the system that may cause hazardous 1085 conditions such as fire, explosion, etc., and lists the type and class of protection the 1086 system provides to prevent such faults. Single fault condition of protective components 1087 in protective circuit/system should be considered in the analysis; 1088 c) In the analysis in a), critical safety (namely the safety protection for hazardous 1089 situations such as fire, explosion, etc. after fault) should not rely on active protective 1090 devices for protection, unless one of the following conditions is met: 1091 i) in addition to the active protective device, there is a redundant passive protective 1092 device; 1093 ii) in addition to the active protective device, there is a redundant one. When the first 1094 level active protective device is powered off or fails, the redundant active 1095 protective device can also provide protection normally; 1096 d) when the circuit is powered off or the active protective device fails, the entire circuit is 1097 safe. 1098 e) Devices that affect critical safety in c) should pass specific functional tests, which may 1099 be carried out by reference to the appropriate standard for functional safety unless 1100 they are evaluated in other tests in this standard. IEC NP 6XXXX IEC:2019 – 35 – 125/8/NP
1101 Bibliography
1102 ISO 13482-2014, Robots and robotic devices - Safety requirements for personal care robots
1103 ISO 12405-1:2011, Electrically propelled road vehicles - Test specification for lithium-ion 1104 traction battery packs and systems - Part 1: High-power applications
1105 ANSI/CAN/UL-2272, Electrical Systems for Personal E-Mobility Devices
1106 UL 991, Tests for Safety-Related Controls Employing Solid-State Devices
1107 UL 199, Software in Programmable Components
1108 ASTM F2641-08(2015), Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Recreational Powered 1109 Scooters and Pocket Bikes
1110 IEC 60812:2018, Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA and FMECA)
1111 IEC 61025:2006, Fault tree analysis (FTA)
1112 IEC 60730-1:2015, Automatic electrical controls - Part 1: General requirements
1113 ISO 7176-8:2014, Wheelchairs -- Part 8: Requirements and test methods for static, impact 1114 and fatigue strengths
1115 ISO 7176-14:2008, Wheelchairs -- Part 14: Power and control systems for electrically 1116 powered wheelchairs and scooters -- Requirements and test methods
1117 IEC 61508-1:2010, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety- 1118 related systems - Part 1: General requirements
1119 IEC 62133-1:2017, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid 1120 electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made 1121 from them, for use in portable applications - Part 1: Nickel systems
1122 IEC 62133-2:2017, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid 1123 electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary lithium cells, and for 1124 batteries made from them, for use in portable applications - Part 2: Lithium systems
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