University Reform in Science, Technology and Innovation Policy in

Bureau of science, Technology and Innovation, Administrative Structures for STI Policy in Japan CSTI/Cabinet Office/Ministries

Council for Science, Technology and Cabinet Office Innovation (CSTI) Roles:  Support the Cabinet in formulating important Chair: Prime Minister policies and in overall coordination of Ministries Member: 7 cabinet members (including PM & Minister  Make total planning and coordination from a for S&T Policy) and 8 executive members higher standpoint of view than other Secretariat: STI Bureau, CAO Ministries

1. Investigate and discuss basic S&T Innovation Councils on key policy fields policies 1. Council on Fiscal and Economic Policy 2. Investigate and discuss S&T budgets and the 2. Council for Science, Technology and allocation of human resources Innovation 3. Assess Japan’s key R&D 3. Advisory Council for National Strategic 4. Investigate and discuss Framework conditions for Special Zones the promotion of innovation 4. Central Disaster Management Council 5. Council for Gender Equality ・Basic policies on S&T （Budget Allocation, Basic Strategy etc） ・Consultation ・Response

Ministries (14 ministries) In conformity with the basic policy indicated by CSTI, each ministry promotes S&T according to the division of duties MEXT METI MHLW MAFF (Ministry of (Ministry of Economy, (Ministry of (Ministry of Other Education, S&T) Trade and Industry) Health, Labor Agriculture, Forestry ministries ・General promotion ・Industrial policy and Welfare) and Fisheries) of S&T ・Energy, Nuclear powerIndustry・Clinical study ・GMO ・Basic research ・Agriculture and … ・University policy Fisheries 1 Administrative Structures for STI Policy in Japan Members of CSTI

Chairperson Cabinet Members Yoshihide SUGA Takuya HIRAI Masatoshi ISHIDA Minister of State for Science Minister for Internal Affairs and Technology Policy and Communications Taro ASO Masahiko SHIBAYAMA Hiroshige SEKO Minister of Finance Minister of Education, Culture, Minister of Economy, Shinzo ABE Sports, Science and Technology Trade and Industry Prime Minister ※ Relevant ministers are appointed as ad-hoc members when needed to attend plenary session meetings of CSTI Executive Members

Dr. Takahiro UEYAMA Ms. Yumiko KAJIWARA Dr. Motoko KOTANI D r. Yoshimitsu KOBAYASHI Former Vice President & Professor, Corporate Executive Officer, Professor, Director of the Board & Chairperson, National Graduate Institute Fujitsu Ltd. Tohoku University Mitsubishi Chemical Holdings Corp. for Policy Studies (Full-time Position) Head of an Affiliated Organization

Mr. Masakazu TOKURA Dr. Kazuhito HASHIMOTO Dr. Seiichi MATSUO Dr. Juichi YAMAGIWA Representative Director & President, President, President, President, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. National Institute for Nagoya University Materials Science 2 Integrated Innovation Strategy Key concept : Integration of STI policies

Main Pillars Source of Innovation Creation of Innovation ⇒ Implementation ⇒ Global development ⇒ Priority⇒ fields AI Technology, Biotechnology, Environment & Energy, Safety & Security, Agriculture, and etc.

Coordination among related control towers CSTI, IT, IP, Healthcare, Space, Ocean, and etc. 3 Changes in the block grant from the government to national universities (100 million yen) 2004 2005 2006 2007

2008 2009 2010

2011 2012 2013

2014

2015 2016

2017

2018

4 Share of young researchers in national universities is sharply declining.

40% 36.8% Young researcher (under 40)

30% 26.4%

24.5% 20% Senior researcher 19.0% (55 or over)

10% 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010 2013 2016

Source: School Teachers Survey, MEXT 5 Japanese universities receive lower percentage of R＆D funds from industry compared with other countries.

％ 16 Germany 14 12 Republic of 10 Korea 8 US 6 4 UK 2 Japan 0 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Source: OECD “Science, Technology and Patents / Gross domestic expenditure on R&D by sector of performance and source of funds” 6 Changes国立大学法人等の経常費用の推移（ in the totalH16 expenditure→H28）（90法人） of universities (90 institutions: mainly national universities) 教育経費 研究経費 診療経費Medical 教育研究支援経費Support for 受託研究等 人件費 一般管理費等 Education Research Funded Personnel Others costs education and research costs research

H16 1,040 2,333 7,235 576 10,099 1,256 2004 1,083 2.3623,622 （億円） (trillion yen)

H18 1,233 6001,506 10,124 1,203 2006 2,479 7,598 24,7432.47

H20 1,408 2,712 8,477 646 1,795 9,920 1,214 2008 2.6226,172

H22 1,411 2,870 9,277 647 1,801 9,623 1,106 2010 26,7352.67

2012H24 1,615 3,238 10,160 662 1,621 9,636 1,107 28,0392.80

2014H26 1,832 3,450 11,143 702 2,067 10,083 1,127 3.04

2016H28 1,647 2,998 11,695 645 2,381 10,221 989 3.06

7 Integrated Innovation Strategy – Action 2:Creation

 2 pillars = “Knowledge-Intensive Cluster” “Renovation of R&D management “  University reform as the core for K/I cluster • Re-definition of National Universities • Universities as “central hubs” for innovation, business creation, social- contribution • Modification of university concept cf. “investment target” • Introduction of ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) cf. National Universities=86, National Research Institutions=27 • Human mobility = Exceptional human resource mgt. system • complete introduction of annual based salary • strict performance assessment/cross appoint system reform • Challenges beyond borders ex. large-scale academia-private collaboration, international R&D collaborations  R&D management reform cf. SIP, PRISM, ImPACT 8 Thank you for your attention

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