2012 and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report Coastal Waters Monitoring Program

Field Operations Division Mobile Branch Environmental Assessment Section Water Unit September 2014 Coastal Waters Monitoring Program 2012

Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report

Alabama Department of Environmental Management Field Operations Division Mobile Branch Environmental Assessment Section Water Unit

September 2014

2012 CWMP: Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report 2 Table of Contents

LIST OF ACRONYMS ...... 4

LIST OF FIGURES ...... 5

LIST OF TABLES ...... 6

INTRODUCTION...... 7

METHODS ...... 10

RESULTS ...... 12

REFERENCES ...... 32

APPENDIX ...... 34

2012 CWMP: Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report 3 LIST OF ACRONYMS

A&I Agricultural and Industrial Water Supply use classification ADEM Department of Environmental Management CHL a Chlorophyll a CWA Clean Water Act CWMP Coastal Waters Monitoring Program DO Dissolved Oxygen F&W Fish and Wildlife use classification MAX Maximum MDL Method Detection Limit MIN Minimum NTU Nephelometric Turbidity Units OAW Outstanding Alabama Water use classification OE Organic Enrichment PWS Public Water Supply use classification QAPP Quality Assurance Project Plan S Swimming and Other Whole Body Water-Contact Sports use classification SD Standard Deviation SH Shellfish Harvesting use classification SOP Standard Operating Procedures TEMP Temperature TN Total Nitrogen TMDL Total Maximum Daily Load TP Total Phosphorus TSS Total Suspended Solids USACE Army Corp of Engineers USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency

2012 CWMP: Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report 4 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. 2012 Perdido River and Wolf Bay stations, impaired waterbodies, and watershed areas...... 8

Figure 2. Mean growing season TN measured for the trend stations in the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay watersheds, 2005-2012...... 14

Figure 3. Mean growing season TP measured for the trend stations in the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay watersheds, 2005-2012...... 15

Figure 4. Mean growing season chl a measured for trend stations in the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay watersheds, 2005-2012...... 16

Figure 5. Mean growing season TSS measured for trend stations in the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay watersheds, 2005-2012...... 17

Figure 6. TN concentrations measured in the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay watersheds, March or April-October, 2012...... 18

Figure 7. TP concentrations measured in the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay watersheds, March or April-October, 2012...... 20

Figure 8. Chl a concentrations measured in the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay watersheds, March or April-October, 2012...... 22

Figure 9. TSS concentrations measured in the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay watersheds, March or April-October, 2012...... 24

Figure 10. DO, temperature, and salinity concentrations at 1.5 m (5 ft) or mid- depth for Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay stations collected April-October 2012...... 26

Figure 11. Semi-monthly depth profiles of dissolved oxygen, temperature, and salinity for Sandy Creek (SDYB-2), April-October, 2012...... 28

Figure 12. Semi-monthly depth profiles of dissolved oxygen, temperature, and salinity for Miflin Creek (MIFB-1), April-December, 2012...... 29

Figure 13. Semi-monthly depth profiles of dissolved oxygen, temperature, and salinity for Wolf Bay (WLFB-2), April-August, 2012...... 30

Figure 14. Semi-monthly depth profiles of dissolved oxygen, temperature, and salinity for Perdido Bay (PDBB-0), May-September, 2012...... 31

2012 CWMP: Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report 5 LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. 303(d) listed waterbodies in the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay watersheds...... 9

Table 2. Descriptions for the monitoring stations in 2012 for the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds...... 11

Appendix Table 1. Summary of Perdido Bay Watershed and Wolf Bay Watershed water quality data collected April-October, 2012...... 35

2012 CWMP: Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report 6 INTRODUCTION

Wolf Bay, an estuary classified as an Outstanding Alabama Water (OAW), has a watershed of 70 mi². Tributaries to Wolf Bay include Miflin Creek, Sandy Creek, and Wolf Creek. Wolf Bay flows into the and, subsequently, Perdido Bay. The Perdido Bay watershed forms the southeastern boundary of coastal Alabama encompassing 1213 mi² along the Alabama/ state line. Major tributaries to Perdido Bay include the Perdido River, Styx River, Blackwater River, the Intracoastal Waterway, and Wolf Bay. Both of these watersheds provide valuable resources to the area including agriculture, spawning habitats for commercial fish and shellfish, and recreational activities such as boating, fishing, and swimming.

The Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM) monitored stations within the Perdido and Wolf Bay watersheds as part of the 2012 assessment under the Coastal Waters Monitoring Program (CWMP). Implemented in 2011, the CWMP is designed to provide data to assess current water quality conditions, identify long-term trends in water quality conditions and to develop Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) and nutrient criteria. The program is also being used to update protocols and methodologies to more accurately assess water quality conditions for estuaries and coastal rivers and streams. Although the CWMP is relatively new, most sites within it have been sampled in other programs throughout ADEM’s history, with many having been sampled since the 1970’s. Descriptions of all CWMP monitoring activities are available in ADEM’s 2012 Monitoring Strategy (ADEM 2012).

Surface waters within Alabama are categorized according to their designated use classification and the degree to which the water quality supports its use classification. As required by Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act (CWA), surface waters that do not meet their use classification are placed on Alabama’s 303(d) List of Impaired Waters. Once a waterbody is listed as impaired, a TMDL is implemented to take measures needed for the waterbody to meet or exceed its water quality standards. Figure 1 shows a map of waterbodies within the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay watersheds that are on the 2012 CWA 303(d) list as well as the 2010 approved TMDLs. Table 1 shows a tabular listing of waterbodies in these watersheds with approved TMDLs as well as those that remain on the 303(d) list as impaired.

2012 CWMP: Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report 7

Figure 1. 2012 Perdido River and Wolf Bay stations, impaired waterbodies, and watershed areas.

Perdido Watershed

Wolf Bay Watershed

Approved TMDLs

ALABAMA 303d Areas FLORIDA 303d Lines

A! Sampling Stations

10 Miles ¹

PDBB-5

A!

SDYB-2

WO-1A A!! AA! MIFB-1 A!

IC-1A A! A! WLFB-2

PDBB-0

2012 CWMP: Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report 8

Table 1. 303(d) listed waterbodies in the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay watersheds.

Waterbody ID Name County Year Designated Causes Year Justification for Removal Estimated TMDL Added Use Removed Date AL/03140107-040_01 Intracoastal Waterway Baldwin 1996 F&W Nutrients, OE/DO 2004 No exceedances of the criteria N/A for DO AL/03140106-190-01 Blackwater River Baldwin 1996 F&W pH 1998 pH N/A AL/03140106-070_02 Brushy Creek Escambia 2000 F&W OE/DO 2015 AL/03140106-070_01 Boggy Branch Escambia 2002 F&W OE/DO, Metals 2015 (Hg, Zn), Chlorides AL/03140106-170_01 Styx River Baldwin 2002 F&W Metals (Hg) 2020 AL03140106-0603-101 Blackwater River Baldwin 2004 F&W Metals (Hg) 2020 AL03140104-0104-100 Blackwater River Baldwin 2004 F&W Metals (Hg) 2020 AL03140106-0302-101 Brushy Creek Escambia 2006 F&W Metals (Pb) 2015 AL03140106-0302-201 Boggy Branch Escambia 2006 F&W Pathogens, 2015 Metals (Pb, Cu)

9 AL03140106-0302-202 Boggy Branch Escambia 2006 F&W Ammonia 2015 AL03140106-0703-100 Perdido River Baldwin 2006 F&W Metals (Hg) 2020 AL03140107-0204-300 Perdido Bay Baldwin 2006 SH/S/F&W Pathogens 2010 TMDL approved for area N/A north of US Hwy 98 AL03140107-0205-100 Little Lagoon Baldwin 2006 SH/S/F&W Pathogens 2010 TMDL approved for eastern N/A half, western half delisted due to subsequent data showing no impairment. AL03140106-0302-201 Boggy Branch Escambia 2008 F&W Metals (Hg) AL03140106-0302-202 AL03140107-0204-400 Arnica Bay Baldwin 2012 SH/S/F&W Pathogens 2019 AL03140107-0204-302 Perdido Bay Baldwin 2012 SH/S/F&W Pathogens 2019

The purpose of this report is to summarize data collected at seven stations within the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay watersheds during the 2012 growing season and to evaluate trends in nutrient concentrations using ADEM’s historic dataset. Monthly and/or mean concentrations of nutrients [total nitrogen (TN); total phosphorus (TP)], algal biomass/productivity [Chl a], and sediment [total suspended solids (TSS)], were compared to ADEM’s historical data.

METHODS

Sampling stations were selected using historical data and previous assessments (Fig. 1). Specific location information can be found in Table 2. Wolf Bay, Perdido Bay and the Intracoastal Waterway were sampled within the Perdido Bay watershed. Tributary stations sampled include Wolf, Sandy, and Miflin Creeks and the Perdido River.

Water quality assessments were conducted monthly, semi-monthly, or quarterly March- October. All samples were collected, preserved, stored, and transported according to procedures in the ADEM Field Operations Division Standard Operation Procedures (ADEM 2012), Surface Water Quality Assurance Project Plan (2008a), and Quality Management Plan (ADEM 2008b).

Mean growing season, March-October, TN, TP, chl a, and TSS were calculated for long- term trend stations to evaluate water quality conditions at each site. Monthly concentrations of these parameters were graphed with ADEM’s previously collected data for all stations within the focus watersheds. Monthly growing season readings of dissolved oxygen (DO), salinity, and temperature were graphed for comparison with ADEM’s water quality criteria level of 5.0 mg/L DO. Growing season profiles of DO, salinity, and temperature were also graphed to show stratification of each parameter. Chemical analysis also includes select total and dissolved metals. While summary statistics of metals analysis are presented in Appendix Table 1, all metals analyses are available upon request.

2012 CWMP: Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report 10

Table 2. Descriptions for the monitoring stations in 2012 for the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds.

HUC8 County Station Number Use Classification Waterbody Station Description Latitude Longitude 3140107 Baldwin IC-1A F&W Intracoastal Deepest point, Intracoastal Waterway in Gulf 30.2793 -87.687 Waterway Shores at Highway 59. 3140107 Baldwin MIFB-1 S/F&W Miflin Creek Deepest point, Miflin Creek at County Road 20. 30.3637 -87.6027

3140107 Baldwin PDBB-0 SH/S/F&W Perdido Bay Deepest point, Perdido Bay approximately 0.25 30.27968 -87.54948 miles upstream of State Highway 182 bridge. 3140106 Baldwin PDBB-5 F&W Perdido River Deepest point, Perdido River at Duck Place Road, 30.69047 -87.44026 on AL/FL line off State Highway 112. 3140107 Baldwin SDYB-2 S/F&W Sandy Creek Deepest point, Sandy Creek approximately 50ft 30.3704 -87.6184 downstream of County Road 20/ Miflin Road. 3140107 Baldwin WLFB-2 OAW/SH/S/F&W Wolf Bay Deepest point, Wolf Bay at Mid-Bay off Mulberry 30.32124 -87.58962 Point. 3140107 Baldwin WO-1A F&W Wolf Creek Deepest point, Wolf Creek at Baldwin County 30.370278 -87.623407 Road 12. 11

RESULTS

Growing season mean graphs of TN, TP, chl a, and TSS for trend stations are provided in this section (Figs. 2-5). Monthly, semi-monthly, or quarterly graphs for TN, TP, chl a, TSS, DO, temperature, and salinity are also provided (Figs. 6-10). Depth profile graphs of DO, temperature, and salinity appear in Figures 11-14. Station profiles presented in this report are representative of those stations not shown. Summary statistics of all data collected during 2012 are presented in Appendix Table 1. The table contains the minimum, maximum, median, mean, and standard deviation of each parameter analyzed.

Stations with the highest concentrations of nutrients, chlorophyll, and TSS are noted in the paragraphs to follow. Though stations with the lowest concentrations may not always be mentioned, review of the graphs that follow will indicate these stations that may be potential candidates for reference waterbodies and watersheds.

Mean TN values in the Wolf Creek station were the lowest since 2005 but were the highest among stations monitored in 2012 (Fig. 2). Mean growing season TN values for Perdido River declined from 2010-2012 while values for Perdido Bay increased. Mean TN values for the Intracoastal Waterway declined overall 2005-2012. Monthly TN concentrations were near or less than historic means at all stations monitored (Fig. 6).

In all years sampled, the highest mean growing season TP values were for Wolf Creek (Fig. 3). From 2005-2008 the values for Wolf Creek increased, while from 2009-2012 concentrations were lower overall. The highest monthly TP concentrations measured during 2012 were also at Wolf Creek (Fig. 7). The lowest concentrations were measured in Perdido Bay and Perdido River.

In 2012, the highest mean growing season chl a value was calculated for the Intracoastal Waterway (Fig. 4). Overall, mean growing season chl a concentrations in all trend stations have declined since monitoring began. All monthly concentrations for the sampling season were variable and most were at or below historic means (Fig. 8).

In 2012, the highest mean growing season TSS value was calculated for the Intracoastal Waterway (Fig. 5). Mean TSS concentrations in Perdido Bay and the Intracoastal Waterway

2012 CWMP: Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report 12

were higher overall than that of the Perdido River and Wolf Creek from 2005-2012 and appear to be declining during this period. Monthly concentrations were variable in 2012 and most were at or below historic means (Fig. 9).

Dissolved oxygen concentrations in Miflin Creek were below the ADEM criteria limit of 5.0 mg/L at 5.0ft (1.5m) or mid-depth in June, August, and October (ADEM Admin. Code R. 335-6-10-09) (Fig, 10). DO concentrations in Wolf Bay were below the criteria in June and July, and the Intracoastal Waterway was below the limit in September. Sandy Creek was below the criteria limit for all months sampled. All measurements of DO concentrations in Perdido River, Perdido Bay, and Wolf Creek were above the ADEM criteria. Haloclines were present in Wolf Bay during June and in Sandy Creek most months sampled (Fig. 11-14).

2012 CWMP: Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report 13

Figure 2. Mean growing season TN measured for the trend stations in the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay watersheds, 2005-2012.

Mean TN (mg/L) 2005‐2012 3.000 n=3 n=3

2.500 n=3 n=3

2.000 n=3 n=3

n=3 n=3 1.500 n=3 n=8 n=3 n=7 n=8 1.000 n=3 n=8 n=8 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 0.500 n=3 n=3 14 n=3 n=3 n=2 0.000 PDBB‐5WO‐1A IC‐1A PDBB‐0 2005 0.892 2.637 0.907 0.396 2006 0.612 2.568 1.121 0.765 2007 0.536 2.127 0.950 0.321 2008 0.579 1.546 0.842 0.172 2009 0.662 2.337 0.800 0.216 2010 1.177 1.807 0.784 0.072 2011 0.700 1.837 0.987 0.260 2012 0.467 1.524 0.800 0.517

Figure 3. Mean growing season TP measured for the trend stations in the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay watersheds, 2005-2012.

Mean TP (mg/L) 1990‐2012 1.200 n=3

1.000

n=3 n=3 0.800 n=3

0.600 n=3 n=3

0.400 n=3 n=3

0.200 n=8 n=8 n=3 15 n=7 n=8 n=8 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=2 n=3 n=3 0.000 PDBB‐5WO‐1A IC‐1A PDBB‐0 2005 0.043 0.330 0.083 0.032 2006 0.027 0.739 0.106 0.024 2007 0.046 0.769 0.103 0.018 2008 0.015 1.087 0.064 0.018 2009 0.013 0.463 0.067 0.024 2010 0.021 0.273 0.053 0.025 2011 0.017 0.713 0.105 0.027 2012 0.020 0.533 0.081 0.024

Figure 4. Mean growing season chl a measured for trend stations in the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay watersheds, 2005-2012.

Mean chl a (mg/L) 2005‐2012 25.00

20.00 n=8

n=8 15.00 n=7 n=8 n=8

10.00

n=3

5.00 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 16 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3n=3 n=3n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=2 n=3 0.00 PDBB‐5WO‐1A IC‐1A PDBB‐0 2005 0.50 1.10 13.64 2.95 2006 0.73 1.03 19.46 2.20 2007 1.17 1.90 12.29 1.80 2008 0.83 0.90 14.63 3.13 2009 1.13 0.67 12.65 6.43 2010 0.50 0.50 2.90 0.90 2011 0.67 0.50 3.33 1.13 2012 0.50 0.50 3.20 0.50

Figure 5. Mean growing season TSS measured for trend stations in the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay watersheds, 2005-2012.

Mean TSS (mg/L) 2005‐2012 30.0 n=3

25.0 n=8 n=8 n=7 n=8 n=8 n=3 n=3 20.0 n=3

n=3 n=3 15.0 n=3 n=2 n=3 n=3

10.0 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 17 5.0 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3 n=3

0.0 PDBB‐5WO‐1A IC‐1A PDBB‐0 2005 7.3 2.5 20.0 19.5 2006 2.5 4.7 21.8 18.0 2007 4.5 2.5 19.6 14.3 2008 2.5 4.8 20.4 19.0 2009 4.0 2.5 22.3 11.7 2010 6.7 3.3 15.3 12.5 2011 6.2 6.2 26.7 11.7 2012 2.5 4.0 13.0 7.7

Figure 6. TN concentrations measured in the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay watersheds, March or April-October, 2012. The historic mean (1990-2012) and min/max ranges are also displayed for comparison. When available, historic mean and min/max ranges are also displayed for months without 2012 data. The “n” value equals the number of data points included in the monthly historic calculations.

Perdido River (PDBB-5) Sandy Creek (SDYB-2) Total Nitrogen (mg/L) Total Nitrogen (mg/L)

2.500 2.500 n= 2 n= 2 2.000 n= 3 2.000 n= 3 n= 5 TN 2012 n= 2 n= 2 TN 2012 1.500 1.500 n= 3 n= 5 Historic Mean Historic Mean TN (mg/L)TN

1.000 (mg/L) TN n= 5 1.000

0.500 0.500

0.000 0.000 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct 18

Wolf Creek (WO-1A) Miflin Creek (MIFB-1) Total Nitrogen (mg/L) Total Nitrogen (mg/L) 3.644 6.570 3.840 3.720 3.500 2.500 n= 10 n= 12 n= 2 3.000 n= 2 n= 9 n= 7 n= 17 n= 16 n= 10 n= 15 2.000 2.500 TN 2012 n= 2 n= 2 TN 2012 2.000 1.500 Historic Mean Historic Mean TN (mg/L)TN

TN (mg/L)* TN 1.500 1.000 1.000 0.500 0.500

0.000 0.000 Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct * Note scale difference compared to other TN graphs.

Figure 6. (continued)

Wolf Bay (WLFB-2) Intracoastal Waterway (IC-1A) Total Nitrogen (mg/L) Total Nitrogen (mg/L) 3.116 2.500 2.500 n= 7 2.000 2.000

TN 2012 n= 5 n= 7 TN 2012 1.500 1.500 n= 6 n= 7 n= 3 Historic Mean n= 6 Historic Mean n= 2 n= 5 n= 5 TN (mg/L) (mg/L)TN TN n= 2 (mg/L) TN 1.000 1.000 n= 1 n= 2 0.500 0.500

0.000 0.000 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct

Perdido Bay (PDBB-0)

19 Total Nitrogen (mg/L)

2.500 n= 6 2.000

1.500 TN 2012

TN (mg/L) TN n= 6 n= 2 Historic Mean 1.000 n= 6 n= 1 n= 1 0.500

0.000 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct

Figure 7. TP concentrations measured in the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay watersheds, March or April-October, 2012. The historic mean (1990-2012) and min/max ranges are also displayed for comparison. When available, historic mean and min/max ranges are also displayed for months without 2012 data. The “n” value equals the number of data points included in the monthly historic calculations.

Perdido River (PDBB-5) Sandy Creek (SDYB-2) Total Phosphorus (mg/L) Total Phosphorus (mg/L) 0.160 n= 2 n= 2 0.100 0.100 n= 2 n= 2 0.080 0.080 n= 5 TP 2012 0.060 TP 2012 0.060 Historic Mean n= 3 n= 5 n= 5 Historic Mean TP (mg/L) TP (mg/L) 0.040 0.040 n= 3 n= 3 0.020 0.020

0.000 0.000 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct 20

Wolf Creek (WO-1A) Miflin Creek (MIFB-1) Total Phosphorus (mg/L) Total Phosphorus (mg/L)

2.000 1.550 0.200 1.000 0.100 n= 2 n= 2 n= 12 0.800 0.080 n= 2 n= 17 n= 16 n= 10 n= 2 n= 15 TP 2012 TP 2012 0.600 n= 9 0.060 n= 10 Historic Mean

TP (mg/L) Historic Mean TP (mg/L)* 0.400 0.040 n= 8 0.200 0.020

0.000 0.000 Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct * Note scale difference compared to other TP graphs.

Figure 7. (continued)

Wolf Bay (WLFB-2) Intracoastal Waterway (IC-1A) Total Phosphorus (mg/L) Total Phosphorus (mg/L) 0.107 1.000 0.400 0.100 0.200 n= 3 n= 2 n= 8 n= 8 0.080 0.150 n= 6 TP 2012 n= 1 n= 7 TP 2012 0.060 n= 6 n= 6 n= 9 0.100 n= 2 Historic Mean n= 2 n= 5 Historic Mean TP (mg/L) 0.040 TP (mg/L)* 0.050 0.020 0.000 0.000 Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct * Note scale difference compared to other TP graphs.

Perdido Bay (PDBB-0)

21 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) 0.100

0.080

0.060 TP 2012 n= 6 n= 1 n= 2 n= 6 n= 6 Historic Mean TP (mg/L) 0.040

0.020 n= 1

0.000 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct

Figure 8. Chl a concentrations measured in the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay watersheds, March or April-October, 2012. The historic mean (1990-2012) and min/max ranges are also displayed for comparison. When available, historic mean and min/max ranges are also displayed for months without 2012 data. The “n” value equals the number of data points included in the monthly historic calculations.

Perdido River (PDBB-5) Sandy Creek (SDYB-2) Chlorophyll a (µg/L) Chlorophyll a (µg/L) 5.00 30.0 89.0 20.00 n= 2 n= 2 4.00 15.00 g/L) Chl a 2012 g/L)* Chl a 2012 µ µ

( 3.00 n= 2 n= 5 ( a a 10.00 n= 5 Historic Mean Historic Mean

Chl 2.00 Chl n= 3 n= 2 n= 3 n= 3 n= 5 5.00 1.00

0.00 0.00 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct * Note scale difference compared to other Chl a graphs. 22

Wolf Creek (WO-1A) Miflin Creek (MIFB-1) Chlorophyll a (µg/L) Chlorophyll a (µg/L)

5.00 24.0 20.00 n= 2 n= 2 4.00 n= 7 15.00

g/L) n= 9 Chl a 2012 Chl a 2012 g/L)* µ

3.00 µ ( n= 2 ( a n= 5 Historic Mean a 10.00 Historic Mean n= 8

Chl 2.00 Chl n= 2 n= 3 n= 3 5.00 1.00

0.00 0.00 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct * Note scale difference compared to other Chl a graphs.

Figure 8. (continued)

Wolf Bay (WLFB-2) Intracoastal Waterway (IC-1A) Chlorophyll a (µg/L) Chlorophyll a (µg/L) 44.0 55.0 5.00 30.00 n= 6 n= 8 n= 1 n= 2 25.00 4.00 n= 6 n= 8 n= 7 n= 8

g/L)* 20.00

g/L) n= 2 Chl a 2012 Chl a 2012 µ n= 6 ( µ 3.00 ( n= 5 a

a 15.00 n= 2 Historic Mean Historic Mean Chl

Chl 2.00 10.00

1.00 5.00

0.00 0.00 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct * Note scale difference compared to other Chl a graphs.

Perdido Bay (PDBB-0)

23 Chlorophyll a (µg/L) 12.0 5.00

n= 6 n= 6 4.00 n= 6

n= 2 Chl a 2012 g/L) µ

( 3.00

a Historic Mean

Chl 2.00

n= 1 n= 1 1.00

0.00 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct

Figure 9. TSS concentrations measured in the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay watersheds, March or April-October, 2012. The historic mean (1990-2012) and min/max ranges are also displayed for comparison. When available, historic mean and min/max ranges are also displayed for months without 2012 data. The “n” value equals the number of data points included in the monthly historic calculations.

Perdido River (PDBB-5) Sandy Creek (SDYB-2) Total Suspended Solids (mg/L) Total Suspended Solids (mg/L) 20.0 20.0 n= 2 n= 3 15.0 n= 2 n= 2 15.0 TSS 2012 TSS 2012 n= 5 n= 3 n= 2 10.0 Historic Mean 10.0 Historic Mean

n= 3 n= 5 TSS (mg/L) TSS (mg/L) n= 5 5.0 5.0

0.0 0.0 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct 24

Wolf Creek (WO-1A) Miflin Creek (MIFB-1) Total Suspended Solids (mg/L) Total Suspended Solids (mg/L) 20.0 20.0 n= 2 n= 15 n= 2 n= 2 15.0 15.0 TSS 2012 TSS 2012 n= 9 n= 2 n= 7 n= 10 n= 16 10.0 Historic Mean 10.0 Historic Mean n= 12 TSS (mg/L) n= 7 TSS (mg/L) n= 13 5.0 5.0

0.0 0.0 Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct

Figure 9. (continued)

Wolf Bay (WLFB-2) Intracoastal Waterway (IC-1A) Total Suspended Solids (mg/L) Total Suspended Solids (mg/L)

42.0 37.0 36.0 42.0 34.0 30.0 30.0 n= 6 n= 8 n= 9 n= 5 n= 6 n= 7 n= 6 25.0 n= 8 n= 2 25.0 n= 3 20.0 TSS 2012 n= 2 20.0 TSS 2012 n= 1 15.0 Historic Mean 15.0 n= 2 Historic Mean TSS (mg/L)* 10.0 TSS (mg/L)* 10.0

5.0 5.0

0.0 0.0 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct * Note scale difference compared to other TSS graphs. * Note scale difference compared to other TSS graphs.

Perdido Bay (PDBB-0)

25 Total Suspended Solids (mg/L) 24.0 33.0 20.0

n= 2 15.0 TSS 2012 n= 1

10.0 Historic Mean n= 1 n= 6 TSS (mg/L) n= 6 n= 6 5.0

0.0 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct

Figure 10. DO, temperature, and salinity concentrations at 1.5 m (5 ft) or mid-depth for Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay stations collected April-October 2012. ADEM Water Quality Criteria requires a DO concentration of 5.0 mg/L at this depth (ADEM 2012).

Perdido Bay ‐ PDBB‐0 Sandy Creek (SDYB‐2) 35.00 35.00 30.00 30.00 25.00 25.00 20.00 DO (mg/L) 20.00 DO (mg/L) 15.00 15.00 10.00 Temp (C°) 10.00 Temp (C°) 5.00 5.00 0.00 Salinity (ppt) 0.00 Salinity (ppt) DO Criteria DO Criteria

26 Wolf Creek (WO‐1A) Miflin Creek (MIFB‐1) 35 35.00 30 30.00 25 25.00 20 DO (mg/L) 20.00 DO (mg/L) 15 15.00 Temp (C°) 10.00 10 5.00 Temp (C°) 5 0.00 0 Salinity (ppt) Salinity (ppt) DO Criteria DO Criteria

Figure 10. (continued)

Wolf Bay (WLFB‐2) Intracoastal Waterway (IC‐1A) 35.00 35 30.00 30 25.00 25 20.00 DO (mg/L) 20 DO (mg/L) 15.00 15 10.00 Temp (C°) 10 Temp (C°) 5.00 5 0.00 Salinity (ppt) 0 Salinity (ppt) DO Criteria DO Criteria

Perdido River (PDBB‐5) 27 35 30 25 20 DO (mg/L) 15 10 Temp (C°) 5 0 Salinity (ppt) DO Criteria

Figure 11. Semi-monthly depth profiles of dissolved oxygen, temperature, and salinity for Sandy Creek (SDYB-2), April-October, 2012.

SDYB-2 SDYB-2 SDYB-2 2012 2012 2012 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Temperature (C) Salinity (ppt) 0 5 10 15 0 102030 0 5 10 15 0 0 0

28 1 1 1

Depth (m) Depth (m) Depth (m)

2 2 2

4/18/2012 6/14/2012 4/18/2012 6/14/2012 4/18/2012 6/14/2012

8/1/2012 10/2/2012 8/1/2012 10/2/2012 8/1/2012 10/2/2012

Figure 12. Semi-monthly depth profiles of dissolved oxygen, temperature, and salinity for Miflin Creek (MIFB-1), April-December, 2012.

MIFB-1 MIFB-1 MIFB-1 2012 2012 2012 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Temperature (C) Salinity (ppt) 0 5 10 15 02040 0102030 0 0 0

29 1 1 1 Depth (m) Depth (m) Depth (m)

2 2 2

4/18/2012 6/14/2012 4/18/2012 6/14/2012 4/18/2012 6/14/2012 8/1/2012 10/2/2012 8/1/2012 10/2/2012 8/1/2012 10/2/2012 12/6/2012 12/6/2012 12/6/2012

Figure 13. Semi-monthly depth profiles of dissolved oxygen, temperature, and salinity for Wolf Bay (WLFB-2), April-August, 2012.

WLFB-2 WLFB-2 WLFB-2 2012 2012 2012 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Temperature (C) Salinity (ppt) 0 5 10 15 02040 0102030 0 0 0

1 1 1 30 Depth (m) Depth (m) Depth (m) 2 2 2

3 3 3

4/10/2012 6/14/2012 4/10/2012 6/14/2012 4/10/2012 6/14/2012

7/17/2012 8/22/2012 7/17/2012 8/22/2012 7/17/2012 8/22/2012

Figure 14. Semi-monthly depth profiles of dissolved oxygen, temperature, and salinity for Perdido Bay (PDBB-0), May-September, 2012.

PDBB-0 PDBB-0 PDBB-0

2012 2012 2012 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) Temperature (C) Salinity (ppt) 0 5 10 15 02040 02040 0 0 0

1 1 1

2 2 2

31 3 3 3 Depth (m) Depth (m) Depth (m) 4 4 4

5 5 5

6 6 6

5/10/2012 7/25/2012 5/10/2012 7/25/2012 5/10/2012 7/25/2012 9/20/2012 9/20/2012 9/20/2012

REFERENCES

ADEM. 2008a. Quality Management Plan (QMP) For the Alabama Department of Environmental, Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), Montgomery AL. 58 pp.

ADEM. 2008b. Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) for Surface Water Quality Monitoring in Alabama. Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), Montgomery, AL. 78 pp.

ADEM. 2012. Alabama’s Water Quality Assessment and Listing Methodology, Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), Montgomery, AL. pp 6-9

ADEM. 2012 (as amended). Standard Operating Procedures #2041 In Situ Surface Water Quality Field Measurements-Temperature, Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), Montgomery, AL.

ADEM. 2012 (as amended). Standard Operating Procedures #2044 In Situ Surface Water Quality Field Measurements–Turbidity, Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), Montgomery, AL.

ADEM. 2012 (as amended). Standard Operating Procedures #2046 Photic Zone Measurement and Visibility Determination, Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), Montgomery, AL.

ADEM. 2012 (as amended). Standard Operating Procedures #2047 In Situ Surface Water Quality Field Measurements–By Datasonde, Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), Montgomery, AL.

ADEM. 2012 (as amended). Standard Operating Procedures #2061 General Surface Water Sample Collection, Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), Montgomery, AL.

ADEM. 2012 (as amended). Standard Operating Procedures #2062 Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus (DRP) Surface Water Sample Collection and Field Processing, Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), Montgomery, AL.

ADEM 2012 (as amended). Standard Operating Procedures #2063 Water Column Chlorophyll a Sample Collection and Field Processing, Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), Montgomery, AL.

ADEM. 2012. State of Alabama Water Quality Monitoring Strategy June 19, 2012. Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), Montgomery, AL. 88 pp. http://www.adem.alabama.gov/programs/water/wqsurvey/2012WQMonitoringStrategy

2012 CWMP: Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report 32

Alabama Department of Environmental Management Water Division (ADEM Admin. Code R. 335-6-10-.09). 2012. Specific Water Quality Criteria. Water Quality Program. Chapter 10. Volume 1. Division 335-6.

American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association and Water Pollution Control Federation. 1998. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 20th edition. APHA, Washington, D.C

Alabama Water Watch. 2008. Citizen Volunteer Water Monitoring on Wolf Bay. http://www.alabamawaterwatch.org/file_download/f07f8c07-aad3-4520-93ef-22d86b293dbd.

2012 CWMP: Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report 33

APPENDIX

2012 CWMP: Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report 34

Appendix Table 1. Summary of Perdido Bay Watershed and Wolf Bay Watershed water quality data collected April-October, 2012. Minimum (min) and maximum (max) values calculated using minimum detection limits when results were less than this value. Median (med), mean, and standard deviation (SD) values were calculated by multiplying the MDL by 0.5 when results were less than this value. Station Parameter N Min Max Med Mean SD

IC-1A Physical Turbidity (NTU) 3 7.5 10.0 9.0 8.8 1.3 Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L) 3 10,400.0 14,600.0 13,300.0 12,766.7 2,150.2 Total Suspended Solids (mg/L) 3 11.0 16.0 12.0 13.0 2.6 Hardness (mg/L)J 1 2,300.0 Alkalinity (mg/L) 3 77.0 78.0 78.0 77.7 0.6 Stream Flow (cfs)J 1 1,206.8 Photic Zone (m) 3 2.00 2.30 2.20 2.17 0.15 Secchi (m) 3 0.55 0.82 0.66 0.68 0.14 Bottom Depth (m) 3 4.90 7.80 4.80 5.77 1.76 Chemical Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) 3 < 0.005 0.210 0.130 0.114 0.105 Nitrate+Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L)J 3 < 0.004 0.049 0.008 0.020 0.026 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) 3 0.600 0.960 0.780 0.780 0.180 Total Nitrogen (mg/L)J 3 < 0.602 0.968 0.829 0.800 0.184 Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus (mg/L) 3 0.017 0.028 0.023 0.023 0.006 Total Phosphorus (mg/L)J 3 0.067 0.089 0.087 0.081 0.012 CBOD-5 (mg/L)J 3 < 2.0 3.4 3.1 2.5 1.3 Chlorides (mg/L) 3 9,100.0 10,000.0 10,000.0 9,700.0 519.6 Total Metals Aluminum (mg/L)J 1 0.267 Iron (mg/L)J 1 0.207 Manganese (mg/L)J 1 0.092 Dissolved Metals Aluminum (mg/L)J 1 0.087 Antimony (µg/L)J 1 < 1.4 Arsenic (µg/L)J 1 < 1.3 Cadmium (µg/L)J 1 < 0.022 Chromium (mg/L)J 1 < 0.006 Copper (mg/L)J 1 < 0.005 Iron (mg/L)J 1 < 0.036 Lead (µg/L)J 1 < 0.9 Manganese (mg/L)J 1 0.019 Mercury (µg/L)J 1 0.049 Nickel (mg/L)J 1 < 0.045 Selenium (µg/L)J 1 < 1.1 Silver (µg/L)J 1 < 0.015 Thallium (µg/L)J 1 1.7 Zinc (mg/L)J 1 < 0.032

2012 CWMP: Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report 35

Station Parameter N Min Max Med Mean SD

IC-1A Biological Chlorophyll a (ug/L) 3 < 1.00 5.20 3.90 3.20 2.43 Enterococci (col/100ml)J 3 < 2 38 1 13 21

MIFB-1 Physical Turbidity (NTU) 5 6.8 10.3 8.0 8.4 1.6 Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L) 4 7,120.0 12,300.0 11,100.0 10,405.0 2,404.7 Total Suspended Solids (mg/L) 4 9.0 13.0 10.0 10.5 1.7 Hardness (mg/L)J 2 839.0 3,400.0 2,119.5 2,119.5 1,810.9 Alkalinity (mg/L) 4 26.0 58.0 40.0 41.0 13.3 Stream Flow (cfs) 2 -18.3 17.9 0.1 0.1 25.2 Photic Zone (m) 5 1.16 1.54 1.40 1.36 0.15 Secchi (m) 5 0.60 0.72 0.62 0.64 0.05 Bottom Depth (m) 5 1.00 1.54 1.40 1.36 0.15 Chemical Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L)J 4 < 0.005 0.320 0.135 0.148 0.131 Nitrate+Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L)J 4 0.102 0.219 0.164 0.162 0.051 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) 4 0.430 1.000 0.875 0.795 0.265 Total Nitrogen (mg/L)J 4 0.572 1.199 1.030 0.958 0.298 Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus (mg/L) 4 < 0.002 0.016 0.008 0.008 0.008 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) 4 0.047 0.077 0.066 0.064 0.013 CBOD-5 (mg/L)J 4 < 2.0 2.8 2.6 2.2 0.8 Chlorides (mg/L) 4 5,400.0 10,000.0 6,700.0 7,200.0 2,006.7 Total Metals Aluminum (mg/L) 2 0.290 0.338 0.314 0.314 0.034 Iron (mg/L)J 2 0.102 0.302 0.202 0.202 0.141 Manganese (mg/L)J 2 0.017 0.088 0.052 0.052 0.050 Dissolved Metals Aluminum (mg/L)J 2 0.100 0.136 0.118 0.118 0.026 Antimony (µg/L) 2 < 3.6 3.6 1.8 1.8 0.0 Arsenic (µg/L)J 2 < 1.8 1.8 0.9 0.9 0.0 Cadmium (µg/L)J 2 < 0.031 0.046 0.019 0.019 0.005 Chromium (mg/L)J 2 < 0.017 0.017 0.008 0.008 0.000 Copper (mg/L) 2 < 0.005 0.011 0.004 0.004 0.002 Iron (mg/L)J 2 < 0.036 0.123 0.070 0.070 0.074 Lead (µg/L)J 2 < 0.4 1.3 0.8 0.8 0.8 Manganese (mg/L)J 2 < 0.002 0.095 0.048 0.048 0.066 Mercury (µg/L) 2 < 0.035 0.351 0.184 0.184 0.236 Nickel (mg/L) 2 < 0.045 0.045 0.022 0.022 0.000 Selenium (µg/L)J 2 < 2.5 2.5 1.2 1.2 0.0 Silver (µg/L)J 2 < 0.200 0.215 0.104 0.104 0.005 Thallium (µg/L)J 2 < 1.4 7.7 4.2 4.2 5.0 Zinc (mg/L) 2 < 0.032 0.032 0.016 0.016 0.000 Biological Chlorophyll a (ug/L) 4 < 1.00 4.40 2.25 2.35 1.81 Enterococci (col/100ml)J 3 16 600 38 218 331

2012 CWMP: Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report 36

Station Parameter N Min Max Med Mean SD

PDBB-0 Physical Turbidity (NTU) 3 1.0 3.0 1.0 1.7 1.2 Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L) 3 18,500.0 23,300.0 21,600.0 21,133.3 2,433.8 Total Suspended Solids (mg/L) 3 7.0 9.0 7.0 7.7 1.2 Hardness (mg/L)J 1 5,400.0 Alkalinity (mg/L) 3 76.0 106.0 94.0 92.0 15.1 Photic Zone (m) 3 4.10 5.00 4.70 4.60 0.46 Secchi (m) 2 1.25 1.50 1.38 1.38 0.18 Bottom Depth (m) 3 4.00 5.00 4.70 4.60 0.46 Chemical Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) 3 0.040 0.240 0.240 0.173 0.116 Nitrate+Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L)J 3 < 0.004 0.015 0.002 0.004 0.003 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) 3 0.370 0.630 0.540 0.513 0.132 Total Nitrogen (mg/L)J 3 < 0.372 0.638 0.542 0.517 0.134 Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus (mg/L) 3 < 0.001 0.005 0.001 0.001 0.001 Total Phosphorus (mg/L)J 3 < 0.003 0.036 0.035 0.024 0.020 CBOD-5 (mg/L)J 3 < 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 Chlorides (mg/L) 3 12,000.0 19,000.0 16,000.0 15,666.7 3,511.9 Total Metals Aluminum (mg/L)J 1 < 0.040 Iron (mg/L)J 1 < 0.036 Manganese (mg/L)J 1 0.024 Dissolved Metals Aluminum (mg/L)J 1 0.148 Antimony (µg/L)J 1 < 1.4 Arsenic (µg/L)J 1 < 1.3 Cadmium (µg/L)J 1 < 0.022 Chromium (mg/L)J 1 0.021 Copper (mg/L)J 1 < 0.005 Iron (mg/L)J 1 < 0.036 Lead (µg/L)J 1 52.1 Manganese (mg/L)J 1 0.020 Mercury (µg/L)J 1 0.330 Nickel (mg/L)J 1 < 0.045 Selenium (µg/L)J 1 < 1.1 Silver (µg/L)J 1 < 0.015 Thallium (µg/L)J 1 83.7 Zinc (mg/L)J 1 < 0.032 Biological Chlorophyll a (ug/L) 3 < 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.00 Fecal Coliform (col/100 mL)J 3 < 2 4 2 2 2 Enterococci (col/100ml)J 3 < 2 2 1 1 0

2012 CWMP: Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report 37

Station Parameter N Min Max Med Mean SD

PDBB-5 Physical Turbidity (NTU) 3 2.0 3.0 2.1 2.4 0.6 Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L) 3 39.0 49.0 49.0 45.7 5.8 Total Suspended Solids (mg/L) 3 < 5.0 5.0 2.5 2.5 0.0 Hardness (mg/L)J 1 6.3 Alkalinity (mg/L) 3 < 3.0 3.0 1.5 1.5 0.0 Stream Flow (cfs) 3 218.0 297.0 243.0 252.7 40.4 Bottom Depth (m) 3 1.0 1.5 1.5 1.5 0.1 Chemical Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L)J 3 < 0.005 0.020 0.002 0.008 0.010 Nitrate+Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L)J 3 0.228 0.278 0.264 0.257 0.026 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L)J 3 0.130 0.260 0.240 0.210 0.070 Total Nitrogen (mg/L)J 3 0.394 0.518 0.488 0.467 0.065 Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus (mg/L)J 3 0.004 0.007 0.004 0.005 0.002 Total Phosphorus (mg/L)J 3 0.016 0.022 0.021 0.020 0.003 CBOD-5 (mg/L)J 3 < 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 Chlorides (mg/L)J 3 4.0 4.2 4.2 4.1 0.1 Total Metals Aluminum (mg/L)J 1 < 0.040 Iron (mg/L)J 1 0.408 Manganese (mg/L)J 1 0.030 Dissolved Metals Aluminum (mg/L)J 1 0.162 Antimony (µg/L)J 1 < 1.4 Arsenic (µg/L)J 1 2.1 Cadmium (µg/L)J 1 < 0.022 Chromium (mg/L)J 1 < 0.017 Copper (mg/L)J 1 < 0.005 Iron (mg/L)J 1 0.129 Lead (µg/L)J 1 < 0.9 Manganese (mg/L)J 1 0.027 Nickel (mg/L)J 1 < 0.045 Selenium (µg/L)J 1 < 1.1 Silver (µg/L)J 1 < 0.015 Thallium (µg/L)J 1 < 1.4 Zinc (mg/L)J 1 < 0.032 Biological Chlorophyll a (ug/L) 3 < 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.00 E. coli (col/100mL)J 3 5 210 11 75 117

2012 CWMP: Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report 38

Station Parameter N Min Max Med Mean SD

SDYB-2 Physical Turbidity (NTU) 4 6.9 18.5 7.6 10.2 5.6 Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L) 4 4,540.0 8,610.0 6,490.0 6,532.5 1,780.1 Total Suspended Solids (mg/L) 4 < 5.0 16.0 8.5 8.9 5.5 Hardness (mg/L)J 1 1,500.0 Alkalinity (mg/L) 4 22.0 36.0 26.0 27.5 6.0 Stream Flow (cfs)J 1 22.8 Photic Zone (m) 4 1.30 1.86 1.68 1.63 0.24 Secchi (m) 4 0.98 1.13 1.02 1.04 0.07 Bottom Depth (m) 4 1.00 1.86 1.68 1.63 0.24 Chemical Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L)J 4 0.030 0.310 0.160 0.165 0.116 Nitrate+Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L)J 4 0.314 0.730 0.530 0.526 0.191 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) 4 0.700 0.850 0.770 0.772 0.074 Total Nitrogen (mg/L)J 4 1.123 1.486 1.292 1.298 0.197 Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus (mg/L)J 4 0.006 0.013 0.010 0.010 0.003 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) 4 0.053 0.091 0.081 0.076 0.018 CBOD-5 (mg/L)J 4 < 2.0 3.3 1.6 1.9 1.1 Chlorides (mg/L) 4 3,100.0 5,100.0 4,100.0 4,100.0 879.4 Total Metals Aluminum (mg/L)J 1 0.332 Iron (mg/L)J 1 0.252 Manganese (mg/L)J 1 0.091 Dissolved Metals Aluminum (mg/L)J 1 0.116 Antimony (µg/L)J 1 < 3.6 Arsenic (µg/L)J 1 < 1.8 Cadmium (µg/L)J 1 < 0.031 Chromium (mg/L)J 1 < 0.017 Copper (mg/L)J 1 < 0.005 Iron (mg/L)J 1 0.132 Lead (µg/L)J 1 0.5 Manganese (mg/L)J 1 0.103 Mercury (µg/L)J 1 0.442 Nickel (mg/L)J 1 < 0.045 Selenium (µg/L)J 1 < 2.5 Silver (µg/L)J 1 < 0.200 Thallium (µg/L)J 1 1.9 Zinc (mg/L)J 1 < 0.032 Biological Chlorophyll a (ug/L) 4 < 1.00 4.40 1.85 2.15 1.97 Enterococci (col/100ml)J 5 2 600 40 138 259

2012 CWMP: Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report 39

Station Parameter N Min Max Med Mean SD

WLFB-2 Physical Turbidity (NTU) 4 5.6 8.3 7.1 7.0 1.2 Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L) 4 11,700.0 13,900.0 12,200.0 12,500.0 1,016.5 Total Suspended Solids (mg/L) 4 9.0 15.0 12.5 12.2 2.5 Hardness (mg/L)J 1 2,100.0 Alkalinity (mg/L) 4 32.0 72.0 52.0 52.0 16.4 Photic Zone (m) 4 2.30 2.73 2.42 2.46 0.19 Secchi (m) 4 0.58 0.73 0.68 0.67 0.06 Bottom Depth (m) 4 2.90 3.00 2.88 2.87 0.11 Chemical Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) 4 < 0.005 0.150 0.130 0.103 0.068 Nitrate+Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L)J 4 < 0.004 0.080 0.038 0.040 0.032 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) 4 < 0.120 0.710 0.625 0.505 0.302 Total Nitrogen (mg/L)J 4 < 0.101 0.745 0.666 0.544 0.298 Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus (mg/L) 4 < 0.001 0.005 0.001 0.001 0.001 Total Phosphorus (mg/L) 4 0.040 0.050 0.043 0.044 0.005 CBOD-5 (mg/L)J 4 < 2.0 2.1 1.5 1.5 0.6 Chlorides (mg/L) 4 7,100.0 10,000.0 8,900.0 8,725.0 1,499.7 Total Metals Aluminum (mg/L)J 1 0.356 Iron (mg/L)J 1 0.115 Manganese (mg/L)J 1 0.045 Dissolved Metals Aluminum (mg/L)J 1 0.080 Antimony (µg/L)J 1 < 3.6 Arsenic (µg/L)J 1 < 1.8 Cadmium (µg/L)J 1 < 0.031 Chromium (mg/L)J 1 < 0.017 Copper (mg/L)J 1 < 0.005 Iron (mg/L)J 1 0.052 Lead (µg/L)J 1 < 0.4 Manganese (mg/L)J 1 0.039 Mercury (µg/L)J 1 0.315 Nickel (mg/L)J 1 < 0.045 Selenium (µg/L)J 1 < 2.5 Silver (µg/L)J 1 < 0.200 Thallium (µg/L)J 1 < 1.4 Zinc (mg/L)J 1 < 0.032 Biological Chlorophyll a (ug/L) 4 1.50 4.20 2.75 2.80 1.10 Fecal Coliform (col/100 mL)J 4 < 2 16 2 5 7 Enterococci (col/100ml)J 4 < 2 2 1 1 1

2012 CWMP: Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report 40

Station Parameter N Min Max Med Mean SD

WO-1A Physical Turbidity (NTU) 3 1.5 3.0 1.9 2.1 0.8 Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L) 3 60.0 91.0 77.0 76.0 15.5 Total Suspended Solids (mg/L) 3 < 5.0 7.0 2.5 4.0 2.6 Hardness (mg/L)J 1 22.2 Alkalinity (mg/L) 3 < 3.0 15.0 13.0 9.8 7.3 Stream Flow (cfs) 3 10.5 17.4 15.0 14.3 3.5 Bottom Depth (m) 3 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.1 Chemical Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/L) 3 < 0.005 0.030 0.030 0.021 0.016 Nitrate+Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L)J 3 1.190 1.500 1.480 1.390 0.174 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L)J 3 < 0.062 0.230 0.140 0.134 0.100 Total Nitrogen (mg/L)J 3 < 1.330 1.730 1.511 1.524 0.200 Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus (mg/L) 3 0.310 0.630 0.400 0.447 0.165 Total Phosphorus (mg/L)J 3 0.390 0.710 0.500 0.533 0.163 CBOD-5 (mg/L)J 3 < 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 Chlorides (mg/L) 3 14.0 15.0 14.0 14.3 0.6 Total Metals Aluminum (mg/L) 1 0.101 Iron (mg/L) 1 0.257 Manganese (mg/L) 1 0.039 Dissolved Metals Aluminum (mg/L)J 1 0.118 Antimony (µg/L)J 1 < 1.4 Arsenic (µg/L)J 1 2.9 Cadmium (µg/L)J 1 < 0.022 Chromium (mg/L)J 1 < 0.017 Copper (mg/L)J 1 < 0.005 Iron (mg/L)J 1 0.102 Lead (µg/L)J 1 < 0.9 Manganese (mg/L)J 1 0.039 Nickel (mg/L)J 1 < 0.045 Selenium (µg/L)J 1 1.2 Silver (µg/L)J 1 < 0.015 Thallium (µg/L)J 1 < 1.4 Zinc (mg/L)J 1 < 0.032 Biological Chlorophyll a (ug/L) 3 < 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.00 E. coli (col/100mL)J 3 < 1 100 96 66 56

J = one or more of the values provided are estimated; < = Actual value is less than the detection limit

2012 CWMP: Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay Watersheds Report 41