Feature story

Growing evidence indicates that the water sector will be amongst the was1,847,334 tons of CO2-e and 1,906,326 tons of CO2-e for most significantly affected sectors. It is predicted that water resources the period July 2010 – June 2011. will change in both quantity and quality, and water, storm water, water treatment, reticulation and wastewater facilities’ infrastructure will face A facilitated workshop was held to assess the various risks associated significant risk of damage resulting from the increased storms, floods with climate change that could impact on various aspects of our and droughts that are expected as a result of climatic change. The business. The outcome of the workshop was a risk based matrix effect of the climate change will manifest from difficulties in operations identifying the probability and severity of each risk. to disrupted services and increased cost of the water and wastewater Next, a corporate Policy Statement and Policy was developed, services provided. outlining our approach and commitment to address the risks

South Africa is presently engaged in developing a policy framework identified. related to climate change and a National Climate Change During the next phase, each identified risk was transferred into a Response White Paper has been released for public comment in proposed mitigating or adaptation action for the organisation. 2011. One of the provisions of the White Paper is that a reduction in Greenhouse Gas emissions be promoted and that a carbon tax The Climate Change Response Strategy that was so developed should serve as the instrument to achieve this reduction. The carbon typically involves three key aspects; tax is intended to levy a direct tax on organisations on a per ton basis as explained below.  Mitigation strategies on how to reduce the organisation’s carbon footprint; South Africa presently does have some forms of carbon taxation i.e. the environmental levy on electricity 3.5c/kWh, which was  Adaptation strategies on how to optimise operational efficiency implemented in July 2009 and the carbon tax on passenger in the face of the various risks that climate change pose to the vehicles, which came into effect in September 2010. business;

 As an energy intense organisation, Rand Water recognises the  Business development strategies on how to capitalise on possible challenges that climate change poses and is committed to proactively opportunities presented by climate change. addressing the issue. The aim of the Climate Change Response We will incorporate climate change into our annual business Strategy is to position Rand Water to increase its resilience against planning, to ensure that the necessary mitigating or adaptation the identified climate change impacts and in doing so focuses on strategies are developed for all business processes, as identified in both greenhouse-gas emission reduction and adaptation measures to the risk assessment. ensure the organisation’s water supplies, infrastructure, and services will accommodate the projected impacts of climate change. The These strategies will during the next phase be transferred into Climate Change Response Strategy is an interdisciplinary effort measurable targets that can be included in the Balanced Performance intended to promote, facilitate, and coordinate implementation of Management Framework (BPMF), so that progress can be officially climate change strategies and related activities within Rand Water. reported on in the annual report. This includes calculating the carbon footprint on an annual basis, including “Scope 3” emissions. Since the To establish a benchmark from where a corporate policy and bulk of our emissions emanate from electricity and fuel usage, these strategy could be developed, we calculated our carbon footprint in aspects should receive priority with regard to developing mitigating 2011 (based on scope 1 and 2 emissions). strategies to reduce the footprint. The carbon footprint for the period July 2009 – June 2010

59 Our work in the Sciences that sustains water quality

To ensure that we are able We have always placed a very high premium on the quality of our to sustain this water quality water; and as such have consistently provided water that met both the national drinking water standards, as well as the World Health performance into the future, Organisation’s non-organic drinking water quality guidelines. we not only rely on compliance

To ensure that we are able to sustain this water quality performance monitoring, but have implemented into the future, we not only rely on compliance monitoring, but have an extensive integrated water implemented an extensive integrated water quality management plan which promotes multiple quality assurance checkpoints (multi quality management plan barrier approach) throughout the entire water supply chain. which promotes multiple quality

This risk based system is able to pro-actively identify problems and assurance checkpoints (multi also employs pre-defined corrective protocols for those determinants barrier approach) throughout the that potentially have the highest probability of failure. entire water supply chain. To circumvent the problems intrinsic to ad hoc samples, we have over 500 on-line monitoring devices, installed at key points throughout the water supply chain, capable of providing real time water quality information required for optimum functioning of its 60 water treatment systems whilst enabling ongoing water quality Steel as well as downstream users such as irrigators, Midvaal Water verification. and Sedibeng Water are supplied or supported with water released from Vaal Dam. Deteriorating raw water resources have also received our urgent attention and on-line monitoring devices were installed at key points within the catchments to provide real time information. In The quality of the region’s water resources again came under order to remain abreast of activities that may impact our source the spotlight during the year under review and received water quality, we also participate in all the relevant catchment and extensive media attention. This was as a result of a number of national forums during which we lobby our interest where water incidents and discoveries that caused major concerns about quality is compromised. An informed customer base is also important the efficiency of the management structures and interventions to us and in this regard the www.reservoir.co.za website, which related to water resources. The potential decanting of acid provides a wealth of water quality related information in respect mine drainage (AMD) from various mines in the Johannesburg of both drinking and source water quality, is maintained for public region received enormous attention in the media. Numerous information. The website is extensively used by the public, research television and radio programmes covered the matter. Trade institutions, consultants and water quality managers. union UASA, through Fedusa, lodged a formal complaint with Nedlac regarding the issue. We have an impeccable reputation with regard to the provision of The decanting of AMD water poses serious threats with respect to safe and wholesome drinking water and we intend to sustain this possible sinkhole formation and the pollution of receiving streams. achievement. The activities outlined above, are an indication of our The Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site is also under threat. commitment in this regard and an assurance to our customers that A technical report by a government-led task team has been released, the quality of the water that they receive is safe for c onsumption. and the implementation of short-term solutions are in progress. Source Water Quality An additional concern with respect to acid mine water is the high Our supply area, driven economically by the Vaal River, generates number of mining applications for new coal mines to feed Eskom’s 60% of South Africa’s GDP, which is equal to 10% of the whole of increased demand. Most of these mines are in the upper reaches Africa’s GDP. The Vaal Dam is the hub of the water supply in the of the Vaal River’s catchment, and these will potentially destroy the Vaal River System. Rand Water, Sasol (Sasolburg), Eskom and Mittal lifeline of our consumers if pollution cannot be curtailed. 61 Sewage contamination also remains a major national concern, and The Vaal Dam Catchment Area the level of the problem was again highlighted by the release of the Department of Water Affairs’ “2011 Green Drop” report. It is A number of water quality issues have been identified with reassuring to note that the number of systems that scored more than regard to the current water quality in the Vaal River system. 50% compliance increased from 216 in 2009 to 460 in 2011. Some are related to the full length of the Vaal River while others are of a localised nature. An increase in salinity and Catchment Management related macro ions has had the greatest impact on the usage of water in the Vaal River. Our Source Water Quality staff actively engage with stakeholders at Catchment Forum level to address water management issues. Water The increase in Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and concomitant quality reports are also produced and discussed, highlighting both increase in constituents such as chloride and sulphate has “hot spot” issues as well as cumulative trends in water quality. These major implications on domestic, industrial and agricultural reports are also shared with the Department of Water Affairs and water users. The persistent occurrence of microbiological are published on our www.reservoir.co.za website. pollutants as localised problems is also an emerging concern. This is likely indicative of sewage works not being properly Monitoring of raw water quality operated, managed and maintained. Coal mining activities in the upper reaches of the Vaal River are rapidly increasing. The rivers and dams in our catchment area are extensively monitored In addition, a huge number of additional applications for and a great deal of effort goes into communicating the water quality mining rights are being processed by the relevant government status of the catchments to the consumers. We execute the role of departments. These are already impacting on the water water quality auditor and facilitator in these forums, as we have quality of the Vaal River, and, if not regulated effectively, will the most comprehensive database of chemical, biological, and have similar effects on the river than what the coal mining in microbiological data. the Witbank area had on the Olifants River (where crocodiles

As a result of the increasing water quality problems, we have installed died as a result of poor water quality). a number of electronic monitoring units at selected sites in the Vaal and Wilge Rivers as well as the Vaal River Barrage Reservoir. These Eutrophication is another key water quality problem in the Vaal instruments measure flow at weirs as well as selected water quality River System and has resulted in algal blooms and growth of water variables. The instruments are linked to data loggers equipped with hyacinth. cell phone technology, through which the data is sent to a central Municipal wastewater effluent is the principal contributor to the server. This real time information of the determinants measured is eutrophication and degradation of the Vaal River aquatic system. available on-line to operational staff. It is also one of the impacts that is most easy to mitigate because The equipment is also programmed to send warnings via SMS to they are easily identified, measured, and susceptible to control by the relevant staff members’ cell phones when certain water quality policies and regulation. A number of directives have been issued by variables exceed specified limits. This system will vastly improve the Department of Water Affairs to some of the municipalities in our response time to pollution incidents, as well as significantly improve catchment, instructing them to improve their effluent management the information base, which will contribute to a better understanding from waste water works. Unfortunately this has not always had the of the dynamics of the Vaal River system. desired effect.

In the long-term, increased pressures are expected from population expansion and development in the Vaal River catchment, which in turn will increase pollution levels. This in turn will necessitate additional measures and strategies to maintain acceptable pollution levels in the Vaal River system.

Law enforcement regarding pollution has been non existent for many years with lack of human resources in government departments being unable to police the Vaal Dam catchment. It is only through continuous actions of the catchment forums that these problematic areas have been highlighted and are now being addressed by the Department of Water and Environmental Affairs and the local municipalities. A number of directives have been issued by the Department of Water Affairs to some of the municipalities in the 62 catchment, instructing them to improve their effluent management nutrient inputs far exceeds the capacity of the natural environment from waste water works. to assimilate the waste discharged into these river systems. Rand Water still adheres to the Vaal River Complex Structure Plan of Greater attention must be given by municipalities to upgrade the 1996, which provides guidance for the control over development sewage infrastructure, to minimise the ingress of storm water into in the riparian zone of the Barrage Reservoir. The purpose of the the sewer system during high flow events, and minimise operational structure Plan is to protect the river from dense urbanisation on the spillages. Improved quality of the sewage effluent will contribute to banks, which poses a pollution risk to the water. the environmental sustainability of the Vaal River ecosystem.

The Vaal Barrage Catchment Area Water Quality Assurance

Water Quality Specifications The Vaal Barrage catchment receives extensive volumes of water from point source discharges. The point source discharges include We have adopted the SANS 241 drinking water quality standard the major wastewater treatment works run by Johannesburg Water, (95% compliance to class I and 99% compliance to class II) as East Rand Water Care Company (ERWAT) and Metsi-a-Lekoa as delivery specification to our customers. In addition, the organisation well as the discharges from gold mines. The bulk of the salt load from has a more comprehensive and more stringent internal production the mines is being discharged from Aurora (formerly Grootvlei) and specification, designed to provide the organisation with a buffer, so East Rand Propriety Mines (ERPM). There are also industrial effluent that it can deliver to our customers with certainty on the SANS 241 discharges, the largest being from SAPPI Enstra, Sasol Sasolburg specifications. and the storm water runoff from Mittal Steel Vanderbijlpark. The discharge volumes from the wastewater treatment plants will grow Water Quality measurement and reporting with time as the water requirements increase and the level of services We have an extensive measurement capacity consisting of three are improved with the expansion of water borne sewerage systems ISO9001 certified site labs, over 500 online instruments and an in the urban areas. offsite ISO17025 and ISO43 accredited laboratory. Extensive

The two most important water quality issues to be managed in the monitoring programmes have been documented and complied with. Vaal Barrage catchment for most of the sample points are biological Water Quality Management System (in the form of faecal coliforms) and chemical (in the form of industrial impacts through manganese, sodium and sulphate). The threat of We are committed to a documented systematic risk based water acid mine drainage (AMD) has become more urgent and decant quality management system. In line with this, a Water Quality Safety at various points are expected to start within the next 12 months. Plan (WQSP), which is based on HACC and ISO9001 principles, Irrespective of the quality of such water, these decants will have has been documented and the third revision has been completed major effects on the overall hydrology of the catchment. as part of continuous improvement. A detailed water quality risk register has been established and the third revision completed. The more difficult issue of water quality management is that of An initiative to align different site procedures with the WQSP is in controlling diffuse sources of pollution. In this regard, the biological progress. In addition, an organisation wide multi-stakeholder water impact of uncontrolled wastewater run-off from informal settlements, quality management standing committee has remained functional for burst pipes due to lack of maintenance and general lack of waste the last ten years. The Water Quality Management System was highly management has seen a deterioration over the year in biological rated in the 2012 Blue Drop audit conducted by the Department of water quality. This can, and will, lead to potential harmful effects Water Affairs. This is reported in more detail elsewhere in the Report. on the human populations who use the Vaal Barrage catchment for domestic and recreation uses. The occurrence of high numbers of Water Quality Benchmarking Giardia and Cryptosporidium cysts in the tributaries of the Barrage in particular is major cause for concern. We benchmark the quality of water supplied to local authorities against that of the World Health Organisation (WHO) non-organic With respect to the eutrophic status of the Vaal River system, the Vaal drinking water quality guidelines. The results compare favourably River downstream of the Vaal Dam is severely impacted resulting with the WHO water quality guidelines. (Annexure 1, see page in a degradation of ecological integrity. It must be noted that the 108) Vaal Barrage catchment is described as a serious “hotspot” with the highest levels of pollution (bacteria, algae, heavy metals, salts and nutrients) recorded throughout the entire Vaal River system. The pollution levels in the Klip River and Rietspruit catchments of the Vaal Barrage catchment are unacceptably high and the scale of

63 Water Quality in the Bulk Distribution Network that have been assessed in the Rand Water drinking water value chain. None of these compounds have been detected at levels that are a Quality of water supplied to local authorities concern to human health. Monitoring of organic parameters is subject to an ongoing investigation as measurement of these parameters is We have adopted the SANS 241 drinking water quality standard complex and limited analytical capacity is available in South Africa. for compliance with national legislation for the delivery of safe drinking water to local authorities. All physical, chemical and The Department of Water Affairs Blue Drop System biological health related parameters complied with the SANS 241 drinking water quality standard (Annexure 2, see page 109). The Department of Water Affairs has established a repository, the Blue Drop System, for data from water service providers. The Independent External Audit on water quality supplied following aspects, amongst others, are continuously updated on this system: To ensure confidence in the quality of the water supplied by Rand Water, an independent water quality audit is conducted annually. UÊ Supply system registration details The organisation subjects itself to an independent system to assess U Details of the water supply system water quality supplied to local authorities via a contracted external party. (Annexure 3, see page 110) During the year under review, U Water quality monitoring programs the Centre for Science, Information and Industrial Research (CSIR)’s U Operations staff classification and qualifications Analytical Services team was engaged for this purpose. U Details of the water quality testing facilities

Organic contaminants U Water quality data

The occurrence of organic contaminants in the drinking water value Retail Water Quality chain (from source to tap) is a growing concern for the Drinking Water industry and its consumers are exposed to this risk. These adverse Consumer Complaints health effects include endocrine disruption, toxicity teratogenicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. In the interest of public health Twenty five consumer complaints that required technical investigation protection, monitoring programmes have been developed for an were received during the year under review. The majority of the extended list of potential organic contaminants. complaints were from Ekurhuleni Metro and Emfuleni Municipality. All of the consumer complaints were handled successfully and Annexure 4a, b, c, (see page 111 - 113) contains details of compounds reported to the relevant local authorities. 64 Tap Programme U Consumer complaints: Water quality complaints received from customers are reported Our Tap Analysis Programme has been operational for 14 years. UÊ Media issues: This includes efforts to educate and inform It is a voluntary programme, which monitors water quality at the end- the wider public on the general water quality management user. We currently monitor 74 sample points in 12 municipal areas through print and electronic media. that are supplied by Rand Water. The data collected confirms the excellent water quality that is supplied to the end consumer. UÊ Bulk water supply contract: addresses any changes in clauses related to water quality in the contract. Technical Meetings U Review legal requirements: Issues such as SANS 241, Water Act, Water Services Act, Consumer Protection Act, fluoridation Water Quality Technical meetings are held bi-monthly, regulation and other water related legal requirements are between the Water Quality Specialist Services department discussed. and municipalities within our service area. Over the past few years, the technical meetings were initiated with the Metros - Tshwane, Johannesburg Water, and Ekurhuleni. This has now Analytical Services expanded to include municipalities such as Emfuleni, Midvaal, The monitoring and management of water quality relies heavily on Westonaria, Govan Mbeki, Mogale City, Westonaria, water quality data generated for the entire supply chain associated Randfontein, Lesedi, Ngwathe and Merafong. These municipal with the production of potable water. Our analytical laboratories meetings are scheduled to take place bi-monthly or quarterly, produce water quality data and related information used by Rand depending on the agreement between ourselves and the Water in our quest to supply affordable, healthy drinking water individual municipalities. The following topics are covered in within our area of supply. Many thousands of water samples the meetings: are taken from source to tap and these samples are analysed to provide biological and chemical data. The data produced by our U Blue drop regulations - issues such as water safety plan, laboratories are for parameters stipulated by National Standards risk register, incident management protocols and customer (SANS 241) as well as International Standards (World Health interaction protocols are addressed to ensure alignment Organisation) with respect to potable water quality. between ourselves and municipalities.

U Disinfection (Chlorine) process and concentrations: We report Rand Water Analytical Services is a specialised and dedicated on any fluctuation in chlorine concentration between Rand facility comprising four laboratories: Microbiology, Hydrobiology, Water and individual municipalities Organic and Inorganic. Each of these laboratories remain fully accredited by SANAS (South African National Accreditation System) U Review water quality supplied between Rand Water and demonstrating their compliance to international best practices individual municipalities with respect to the production of analytical data. Furthermore, UÊ Review monitoring programme in place these laboratories participate in various national and international 65 proficiency testing schemes to monitor their performance against peer laboratories with respect to the confidence placed in their through the treatment process is in progress. Potential NOM analytical methodologies. removal processes such as granular activated carbon (GAC) and powdered activated carbon (PAC) will be evaluated. Process Technology U An investigation on chlorine decay rate model for simulation Key projects undertaken and focus areas during the of chlorine profiles in networks to assist in the efficient year under review: planning and management of disinfection within the Rand Water system was conducted. Further work to be performed As in previous years, we undertook a variety of projects relating on the calibration and validation of decay rate model. to the cost-effective production of high quality drinking water.

U Project on biofilm monitoring in the distribution system is U One of our Process Technology’s core functions is to verify the in progress. Biofilm monitoring in the distribution system is technical suitability of water treatment chemicals currently in an important aspect with respect to disinfection and the use at Rand Water. Comprehensive evaluations undertaken on maintenance of both chemical and microbiological water chemicals submitted for tender purposes and online quality. Further work in this project will be conducted in instruments in this review period included sodium silicate, conjunction with pipeline asset management. sodium hypochlorite, ammonium hydroxide and online analysers for the analyses of nitrate and nitrite. U General environmental concerns surrounding water works residue led to the evaluation of several historic and current ÊU Following the establishment of a comprehensive register of proposals to process this waste into products of economic water treatment chemicals and their suitability for use at Rand value. Water, several new or alternate chemicals were included after assessment in 2011/12. These evaluations included a full- U Benchmarking of water treatment technology and a review scale trial of iron-based coagulants, which shows a potential of disinfection strategies at Rand Water. Both projects will for cost savings without compromising final water quality. be instrumental in addressing the requirements of the revised South African National Standard SANS 241 drinking water ÊU Anomalous rainfall events in recent years have often led to standard, which is expected to be finalised by the end of temporary changes in source water quality which challenge the 2012. efficacy of the current treatment regime. Such events highlight the potentially adverse effect that climate change can have on drinking water treatment. In this regard, a project was initiated to proactively assess the potential treatment impacts associated with climate change.

U In keeping with topical issues in water quality, an investigation on fractionation natural organic matter (NOM) using recently developed techniques in the raw water and its removal

66 Feature story

THE RAND WATER

Vision The Foundation is mandated to: U Promote the delivery of water related services To become a socio-economic change to communities in the areas falling within and agent of Rand Water signifying care outside Rand Water’s area of supply; and quality in eradicating poverty, and improving living standards within U Coordinate, administer and manage Rand communities. Water’s Corporate Social Investment resources by undertaking community development Rand Water Foundation strategic projects in partnership with various donors and interventions carry both elements relevant stakeholders. of social transformation, and of capacity building, towards enterprise U Play a strategic developmental role that development in them, drawing in may require decisions that are not always service providers from previously optimal from a commercial perspective, disadvantaged communities through but contribute to Rand Water’s socio economic preferential procurement processes, developmental imperatives, DWEA’s contributing towards both social and developmental priorities, and National economic development of communities. Government’s broader objectives and the growth and development in South Africa and Africa.

67 Key Focus Areas: Flagship Projects:

Water and Sanitation: The Bantubonke Hydroponics Farming Cooperative Ltd.

Supports the provision of water and basic sanitation in Implemented in the Bantubonke Community within the disadvantaged communities and maximise communities’ access Sedibeng District Municipality, the project is aimed at to water and proper sanitation. eradicating poverty within the community of Bantubonke through sustainable job creation, food production, and Projects include; Community Basic Sanitation (Schools, entrepreneurship development. Households and Clinics); Municipal Support-Capacity Building on Wastewater Treatment plants maintenance and operations; Project Highlights: Rainwater Harvesting U A 15 tunnel hydroponics facility producing cucumbers, ; River Cleaning Initiatives and Water Solar Initiatives. tomatoes, green pepper and spinach.

Water and Environmental Conservation Management: U Market supply has expanded from the Johannesburg Fresh Produce Market, supermarkets in Vereeniging, to the Refers to safeguarding the inter-dependence of South Africa’s Springs Fresh Produce Market, Klerksdorp Fresh Produce and ecology, and creation of pleasant and healthy surrounds the Tshwane Fresh Produce. through the following Projects: Biodiversity Protection, Urban

Landscaping and Greening, Wetlands Rehabilitation, U Has created 20 permanent local jobs to date, and more Management of Alien Vegetation, and Environmental jobs will be created in the coming years. Educational initiatives. Urban and Rural Landscaping and Greening Initiatives Enterprise Development and Capacity Building: Greening as a collection of activities to restore wetlands This programme entails developmental activities aimed and riverine corridors, provides nature-based spiritual and at Enabling and Promoting an Environment for emerging recreational amenities. Planting trees not only assists in entrepreneurs, enhancing competitiveness and capabilities at an beautifying and softening the landscape, but creates public Enterprise level and Cooperative Development. places that are a source of pride and joy to residents and provide children with a safe and enjoyable environment for Non-Government Organisations (NGOs) Support playing. It also restores the water and air purifying services Programme: associated with ecosystems in urban areas.

Aimed at supporting special community projects as, and Greening Soweto when funding proposals are received from outside. Criteria for funding include; budget availability, project area of focus, and The Foundation supported the phenomenal Greening Soweto area of location. initiative which was a partnership project with the City of Johannesburg Parks. The project was undertaken as a legacy project of the 2010 FIFA World Cup hosted in South Africa.

Aimed at addressing disparities and enhancing the lives of

68 residents and those who visit Soweto, the project has: U Contribute to the increased water volumes to the Vaal River, thus creating more water supply ÊÊU Transformed the dry and dusty streets to vibrant green and sustainable settlements. U Protect and preserve indigenous and more needed species.

Greening Zamdela Rehabilitation of Wetlands

The Foundation has a focus in the Free State and has launched The Foundation, in partnership with the South African National similar urban landscaping and greening project in the Biodiversity Institute, has been rehabilitating wetlands over the Metsimaholo Local Municipality of the Fezile Dabi District. past 10 years and in 2011-2012 the focus was on the following The initiative has so far developed architectural designs for areas: designed two community parks for the Zamdela area. UÊÊÊEzemvelo Nature Reserve; The Greening Zamdela project aims at combining ecosystem UÊÊÊKlipkop Nature Reserve; management and socio-economic objectives through restoring natural systems as a means of job creation and improved UÊÊÊRietvlei Nature Reserve; socio-economic services thus mainstreaming biodiversity UÊÊÊMagaliesburg Wetlands Project; across sectors in the economy. The project aims at promoting socio-economic development within the Fezile Dabi District Rehabilitation of wetlands is aimed at conserving water and Municipality, by creating jobs for Previously Disadvantaged environment through interventions such as: Gabion structures; Individuals (PDIs). Concrete structures; Earth works; Ecologs; and Re-vegetation, contributing towards catchment management. Clearing of Alien Vegetation

Implemented in the Thabo Mofutsanyane Municipality (Bethlehem, Kestell and Clarens) in the Free State, the project aims controlling the spread of invasive alien species using labour intensive approach to:

U Conserve the ecological integrity of Kestell‘s natural ecosystems.

U Promote water security in terms of quality and quantity.

U Water demand management and conservation.

U Create jobs for the unemployed within the Thabo Mofutsanyane district.

U Optimise socio-economic development of the affected communities of Thabo Mofutsanyane district.

U To promote enterprise development through employment of emerging entrepreneurs.

Overall, the initiative has established a one-stop shop for the management of invasive plants optimising co-operative governance, partnerships, transformation and skills development of project participants.

Through ongoing implementation every year, the project continues to:

U Create jobs for the local communities (Currently employing a total number of 60 local community members).

69 On an ongoing basis, the Foundation has through Schools Rainwater Harvesting implementation of Rehabilitation of Wetlands ensured that: The initiative is aimed at Schools Water Supply, Demand UÊÊÊExisting structures are maintained and their functioning Management and Households Poverty Eradication through: improved; UÊ Installation of rain water harvesting equipment (jojoba tanks UÊÊÊHead cuts erosion within wetlands are stabilised; and gutters) in 15 participating schools; UÊÊÊIncised channels are deactivated; UÊ Encouraging schools and nearby communities to grow UÊÊÊFurther erosion in the previously rehabilitated wetlands is food gardens for households poverty eradication and food prevented; security;

UÊÊÊAwareness among land owners and the surrounding UÊ Conducting schools community awareness on using water communities is raised; wisely; and

The project contributes to core business of RW as it fulfills UÊ Utilising local service providers in project implementation Water Demand Management and Conservation objectives. It creating temporary jobs for local communities and also further contributes towards addressing the presidential outcomes promoting previously disadvantaged through enterprise of job creation and poverty eradication. Wetlands support development. catchment management thus conserving clean drinking water. The following 15 schools, situated in the Tembisa township, School Sanitation within the Ekurhuleni municipality have benefited from the 2011-2012 initiative: The Foundation continues to restore hope and dignity in the U Reagile Primary School. learning population of the country by ensuring that schools are equipped with adequate water and sanitation infrastructure and U Phomolong Primary School. facilities. U Seotloana Primary School.

The Foundation has in the year under review refurbished U Isekelo Primary School. existing ablution blocks in 11 Winterveldt schools in Tshwane U Modupo Primary School. Metropolitan Municipality by: U Tembisa Secondary School. U Converting pit latrines into water borne system. U Phomolong Secondary. U Connecting water supply infrastructure systems U Ingqayizivela Secondary School. (boreholes, booster/submersible pumps and jojoba tanks). U Jiyane Secondary School. U Conducting Health and Hygiene education programme U Boitumelo Secondary School. for ongoing operations and maintenance of the project. U Ipontshe Primary School. The project has benefited a total number of 11 132 learners and educators inclusive. Beneficiary schools are the following: U Mvelaphanda Primary School.

U Phillemon Montsho U Shukumani Primary School.

U Refilwe Primary U Welamlambo Primary School.

U Reimolotswe Primary U Endulwini Primary School.

U Merafeng Primary The project has benefited learners (19,246) and educators (654) population of 28,904. U Siamisang Primary

U Manamelong Primary The Lesotho Schools Water Supply U Mahlwareng Primary The Foundation has equipped the following 5 schools in U Dikgakologo Primary Lesotho with boreholes, submersible pumps connecting to new U Refalotse Primary reservoirs and reticulation equipment: U Nick Mphse Primary U Bokoro High School, in Botha Bothe; U Mlokotwa Dube Primary U Leribe High School in Leribe;

70 U Masenathe High in Teyateyaneng; U Sisonke Environ-Soweto-Environmental education -

U Hleoheng High in Maputsoe; R30, 000

U Morate English Medium High School in Kolonyama. U The Rand Water Choir- Vereeniging-Extramural activities - R32, 000 Water solar equipment was installed for energy purposes where there is no electricity. U Cotlands Children-Soweto-Care for the Orphaned and Vulnerable Children (0VC) - R50, 000 War on Water Leaks-Water Demand Management and U Remmoho Nursery School- Early Childhood Development Conservation - R30, 000

Implemented within the Randfontein Municipality in Toekomsrus, U Leratong Hospital-Krugersdorp-Trauma Unit Equipment - manage water demand and ensured conservation through: R150, 000

U Training of local community members on plumbing and U Jeppe High School for Girls Ruth First Memorial Trust – fixing of water leaks; Study Grants - R40, 000

U Door to door education on water conservation; U Sigezamadolobha Sanitation Project-Ivory Park - R159, 000 U Re-enforcing partnership and enabling channels of communication between the municipality and local communities;

U Encouraging ownership and care for the water infrastructure within the municipality, as well as reporting water leaks;

U Creating employment opportunities, transferring skills and promoting social entrepreneurship within the municipality.

The project has provided accredited plumbing training to the local community members, and water issues have been eradicated.

Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) Support Projects

Above and beyond its long term developmental projects, the Foundation also support once off community projects in need as well as undertaking long term capacity building of the NGO Sector. In its endeavors to support the NGO sector, the Foundation has supported the following through grants:

U Little Eden- Edenvale-Caring for persons with intellectual disability - R107,022

U Mablomong Primary School-Randfontein-Teaching and promoting nutrition to all learners in the school - R116, 000

U The Manger Centre-Benoni- Promoting food security through Hydroponics Vegetable Produce - R30, 000

U Frances Vorweg School for the physically challenged - R150, 000

U Ikotlolleng-Soweto- Supporting senior citizens with chronic illnesses - Blankets to the value of R10, 000

U The Rotary Club-Randburg-Winter Blanket Drive for communities in need - R10, 000

71 sector growth and development

The Board of Rand Water approved the establishment of the Sector Growth and Development Division in 2011 in order to streamline the growth strategic objectives. Amalgamation of the different departments (including RWS) was concluded on the 1st January 2012 and the new Sector Growth and Development Division was born. The Sector Growth and Development Division comprises the following departments;

s Water Services s Strategic Customer Partnerships; s Water Demand Management s Bulk Sanitation s Catchment Management services s Business Development s Research, Development and Innovation

72 These departments form the Sector Growth and Development Division which is tasked with the responsibility of driving growth and increasing the revenue of Rand Water. We intend to cultivate the following opportunities in order to achieve its growth in South Africa and beyond.

 Actively seek and exploit new partnerships to grow our customer base in water services delivery;

 Exploit new business development opportunities in all the regions – use market intelligence to exploit business opportunities.

 Retain our existing customer base and exploit new opportunities with existing customers.

 Exploit potential business opportunities in Mpumalanga, Limpopo, North West, KwaZulu Natal, Eastern Cape and the Free State Provinces as potential growth nodes in South Africa

 Establish strategic networks that will assist in growing our business

 Increase industrial water turnover by partnering with mines and industries and purchasing their grey water and purifying grey water up to industrial standards.

 Exploit other wastewater related business opportunities, such as water reuse, sludge handling and sludge by-products.

 Partner with the Department of Water Affairs to address the potential environmental impacts posed by acid mine drainage (AMD) from defunct and operational mines including wastewater treatment works at the Emalahleni Local Municipality.

Perform basic assessment at municipal water and wastewater treatment works.

 Perform water conservation and demand management.

In Africa, business opportunities will be sought in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ghana, Namibia, Nigeria, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Rwanda, Botswana, Lesotho and Mozambique to achieve the annual target from year to year.

We intend to provide support in our key areas of expertise for growth beyond the current area of interest. The areas of expertise include asset management, scientific services execution of capital projects, water conservation and demand management, manufacture of steel pipes.

73 Our objective is to grow our What is waste water? business, so that it can contribute The World Health Organisation (WHO), defines to a sound financial growth in waste water as water that contains enough a sustainable manner and to contaminants to be unfit for drinking by humans. offer competitive services to our The ability to safely drink water is the measure clients. Our area of interest is used to judge water as waste. It is water that the operations and maintenance has been adversely affected in quality by of Water Purification Systems to anthropogenic influence. It comprises liquid waste assist Municipalities to improve discharged by domestic residences, commercial their Blue Drop status as required properties, industry, and/or agriculture and can from the Department of Water encompass a wide range of potential contaminants Affairs. The target market was and concentrations. In its most common usage, it refers to municipal wastewater that contains a Municipalities and Government broad spectrum of contaminants resulting from institutes, National (Local) and the mixing of wastewater from homes, businesses, International (Africa). industrial areas and often storm drains.

74 Sasol Pipeline Project Key interventions by Rand Water included the assessment of waste- water treatment works, conducting repairs to mechanical, electrical Client: SASOL and civil infrastructure and an optimisation of the treatment process. Budget: R0.4 million Training of operators and the design of operations and maintenance Project Duration: February 2012 – January 2017 manuals was also provided.

We have been involved with the design, construction, supervision Rand Water was also appointed by the JGDM to develop a and operations and maintenance of a raw water supply pipeline to master plan for the complete water and sanitation system of Aliwal the SASOL plant in Secunda. The project has been running since North. The Master Plan included all components of the raw water 2006 and was extended for another 5 years in January 2012. This abstraction treatment, pumping, storage, conveyance and sewage pipeline is 13,5km long, has a diameter of 600mm and is a steel collection, wastewater treatment and final effluent discharge to be pipeline. covered, but not limited to:

Operations of Eskom Grootvlei Power Station Water  Siltation at intake works and settling thereof in the treatment Treatment Plant works components and tanks with possible solutions.  Client: Eskom Water and wastewater treatment process evaluation and capacity/shortcomings. Budget: R11, 4 Million Project Duration: September 2010 – August 2013  Standby capacities and reliabilities of mechanical and electrical equipment. The Grootvlei Raw Water Treatment Works purify raw water from the Vaal Dam and pump it to the Grootvlei Power Station by means  Control of pumps and reservoirs (telemetry). of a 45 kilometers buried pipeline. This water is then further treated  at the Power Station for Boiler Feed Water and also used during its Operation and maintenance (O&M) aspects (pipe bursts, cooling processes. blockages, pressures, manuals), and procedures.

 The plant pumps on average of 26.1 Megaliters daily and Rand Water demand management (WDM) and non-revenue water Water employs 11 people to operate the plant consisting of four (NRW) issues. shift supervisors, four operators and 3 general workers.  Future development projection and population growth with This contract has been running since January 2007 and was most realistic time frames. renewed for another 3 years in September 2010.  Ability of networks to meet the growth projections, or Joe Gqabi District Municipality (JGDM) alternatively handle existing more efficiently.  Due to population growth and insufficient funds to operate and Life cycle cost projections and improvements of efficiencies. maintain the waste water facility, the JGDM has experienced  Networks analysis based on available and site confirmed problems with operations and maintenance of the WWTW in data. Oviston. The terms of reference included conducting an audit in order to propose upgrade and refurbishment requirements so that  Audits and progress reporting and Master Plan report with the final effluent is compliant with SANS 0241. results, findings, prioritisation, recommendations and cost estimates. The refurbishment was conducted through the Accelerated Community Infrastructure Programme (ACIP) a the Department of The first phase of the Master Plan has been completed and the Water Affairs funded programme. Rand Water was subsequently JGDM is well on its way to implementing the recommendations of appointed to conduct an urgent assessment and rehabilitation of the the Master Plan and to improving service delivery and planning in Oviston waste-water treatment. its area of supply. The refurbishment made provision for the rehabilitation of the associated civil and pipeline infrastructure. Going forward

Similar challenges were experienced at the Aliwal North WWTW. Rand Water has excelled in the areas of regulatory compliance, The challenges experienced in terms of operating the Aliwal North particularly with respect to Blue Drop regulatory compliance and WWTW plant and raw sewage spillages through the bulk sewer it is this expertise and knowledge which the organisation plans pipeline infrastructure had led to the final effluent not complying with to utilise to assist municipalities like JGDM and others to improve SANS 241 standards with consequential health and safety issues operations, maintenance and management of water and waste- associated with raw sewage spillages into the Orange River. water treatment facilities. 75 New Opportunities on the Continent Pursuing Responsible Growth

Ghana Urban Water Management Contract Acid Mine Drainage

Client: Ghana Water Company Limited Client: Gold Fields in a form of MOU (GWCL) Budget: Full sponsorship from Gold Fields Budget: US$ 103 million for five years Duration: Continuous till a suitable solution is reached

Funder: World Bank Rand Water and Gold Fields have entered into a partnership in a Project Duration: June 2006 – June 2011 form of Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) in the management

The above project has been running for five years and came to an of acid mine drainage (AMD). Gold Fields is a mining company end 5 June 2011. Much emphasis was placed on Water Demand which produces excess mine process water and receives excess Management (WDM) over the last two years and a pilot project was mine water from its underground gold mining operations. Rand done at Dansoman area in the Eastern Region. Water Services are Water has been requested to partner with them because of the wrapping up the current Aqua Vitens Rand Limited (AVRL) Contract necessary skills and experience which will ultimately address the and will be closed by end August 2012. treatment of AMD to potable water.

Technical Assistance to the Democratic Republic of the The objective of the partnership between ourselves and Gold Fields Congo (DRC) Government is to provide a solution to sustainable supply of potable water that will ultimately be distributed to the WSA having jurisdiction in the Client: DWA areas, and which in turn will reticulate water for the benefit of surrounding communities within its area of jurisdiction. Budget: R22 million

Funder: African Renaissance Fund Water Demand Management Project Duration: June 2011 – February 2013 During the year under review, Water Demand Management Beneficiary: Regié de Distribution d’eau undertook the following projects: (REGIDESO)

Govan Mbeki Water Loss Reduction Project The Government of South Africa continued to strengthen its relationship with the Government of the DRC. President Zuma and a We were appointed by the municipality as an Implementing Agent strong business delegation from South Africa visited the DRC on 21 for water demand management in Govan Mbeki in 2009. Ilifa June 2011 for the signing of the Binational Corporation agreement Engineers was appointed as the service provider on the project. between the two countries. A key outcome of this agreement is to Both Rand Water and the municipality co-funded the project by an improve the water service delivery in the DRC. amount of R0.5 million each. This phase of the project (Phase I) was completed in 2010. The African Renaissance Fund allocated a budget of R22 million for this initiative and the Department of Water Affairs have appointed A new agreement was drawn up in 2010/11 where Sasol, Govan Rand Water as its Implementing Agent for this program. Mbeki and Rand Water entered into a partnership to undertake The key objectives of the project are to increase pumping capacity, phases II and III of the project. Each party contributed R1.5 million replace old pumps and motors, increase reliability of supply; reduce towards this project. water losses; increase availability of pumps; improve water quality in the prioritised areas and enhance equipment sustainability. The purpose of the project is twofold:- U To develop a business plan that would determine, from the The Department of Water Affairs requested Rand Water to procure detailed financial and technical assessment of the water all materials, tools and equipment in South Africa and ship it to the services, which interventions will have the most impact in the DRC for implementation of the project. reduction of Non- Revenue water, and therefore reduce the The procurement process has been completed. A Project Manager demand for water resources within the area of supply for the from Rand Water is now based in the DRC for the project duration Govan Mbeki Municipality; and site has been established. U To implement the recommendations of the Business Plan. The following has been achieved through the project to date:-

76 U Establishment of the Non Revenue figure for the municipality; The scheme was originally designed to be managed in an integrated U Identification and quantification of the non revenue areas; way. The water resources are situated in two of the four WSA – U Development of a Business Plan; namely City of Tshwane and Dr JS Moroka Local Municipality. The U Implementation phase of the project is on going and to date scheme is making use of the Rand Water supply on a permanent 1094 houses have been retrofitted with plumbing components basis due to the underperformance of the bulk assets and also due to in an effort to reduce house hold leaks. water losses and water wastages in the networks that have increased water usage to well above the norm. It is currently estimated that water The principle responsibilities of Rand Water as Implementing Agent losses on the scheme are between 40% and 60%, leaving ample include:- scope to further reduce usage in future.

U Compilations and submission of business / management plans The project is currently categorised into the below sub- inclusive of training and social development plans; programmes.- U Coordination and management of the project activity implementation; U Bulk Infrastructure Refurbishment and Upgrade;

U Establishment of the necessary structures to facilitate U Bronkhorstspruit WTW

implementation; U Weltevreden WTW

U Bulk Systems – Reservoirs, Pump Stations, Bulk pipelines

U Appointment of service providers; U Boreholes

U Occupational Health and Safety;

U Asset management; U Water Demand Management Interventions;

U Financial management. U Indigent Leak Repairs

U Cost Recovery

The project is funded by the three parties namely Sasol, Rand Water U Reticulation Systems and the Govan Mbeki Local municipality to a total value of R4.5 U Installation of Zonal Control metres million to date. A total amount of R2.2 million was used in the U Education and Awareness current year toward the development of the Business Plan and the retrofitting. The following has been achieved through the project to date:-

The project is currently at its implementation phase and a further U Refurbishment of Bronkhorstspruit WTW included Raw water 700 houses have been identified for retrofitting in the 2012/13 pump station, Chemical dosing system, Lime plant , Sludge financial year. The project will also assist the municipality in pump station, High lift pump station; improving its overall financial performance as well as having a U Refurbishment of high yield boreholes especially for better understanding of the network system. Sekhukhune, Thembisile Hani and City of Tshwane; U Refurbishment of Zoedmelkfontein pump station; Western Highveld Water Scheme Refurbishment and Upgrade U Leak repairs of Bulk pipeline between Bloedfontein and Project Spitspunt Pump station; U Refurbishment of Ekandustria Reservoir, Walkraal Reservoir and The Department of Water Affairs (DWA) appointed Rand Water as Steel Tanks Reservoirs; the Implementing Agent for the Western Highveld Water Scheme U Replacement of Bulk Meters; Refurbishment and Upgrade Project in March 2011 to ensure water U Indigent leak repairs in Kwanhlanga (337 Houses), Siyabuswa is managed in the most effective and efficient way for the benefit A (963 houses) and Rethabiseng (1107 Houses); of all the communities receiving water supply from the Western U Network leak repairs in Siyabuswa; Highveld Scheme. U Education and awareness about water conservation and water demand; The Western Highveld Scheme comprises a series of assets including U Job creation – a total of 482 jobs were created since the treatment plants traversing three provinces (Gauteng, Mpumalanga, implementation of the project where 71jobs for females were and Limpopo) and four Water Services Authorities (City of Tshwane, created and 410 jobs for males were also created. Region 7, Thembisile Hani Local Municipality, Dr JS Moroka Local Municipality and Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality in the Sekhukhune District Municipality). The Western Highveld requires special attention in the light of the continued challenges to meet water demand for the region.

77 The principle responsibilities of Rand Water as Implementing Agent Africa to adopt an integrated biological approach to address include:- water quality issues. U Pioneering of an inland waters buoy marker system which has U Compilations and submission of business/management plans; been adopted by SAMSA for implementation to all inland U Coordination and management of the project activity water bodies; implementation; U Development of floating wetlands to compensate for areas U Establishment of the necessary structures to facilitate where riparian vegetation rehabilitation is not an option; implementation; U Implementation of foodweb restructuring is the first of such an U Appointment of service providers; initiative in the country. 190 tonnes of coarse fish (carp and U Project Management and Supervision of the Service Providers catfish) already removed; appointed to Refurbish and Upgrade the Scheme; U Physical removal of biomass (algae and hyacinth) from the U Occupational Health and Safety; dam water surface. To date 31587 m3 of algae, 64665 m3 U Asset management; of hyacinth and 2461 tons of debris have been removed from U Financial management. the dam; U All ‘waste’ material is recycled and reused for beneficial The project is funded by the Department of Water Affairs with a purposes, therefore no waste is generated by the programme; total value of R115 million. A total value of R40 million to date has U Pilot sediment dredging at the Crocodile River mouth; been used for the Refurbishment and Upgrade of Western Highveld U Sustainable employment has been created for over 118 Scheme. It is envisaged that the project will eventually:- people from the local communities with intensive training and development plans for capacity building; U restore the functionality of the scheme to the original design U Development of a communication centre at the dam wall to capacity; facilitate communication and awareness creation to various U reduce water losses in the system that will contribute to the stakeholder groups including schools. In excess of 5000 15% targeted water saving; school pupils and members of the general public have visisted U reduce illegal water connections within the system; the communication centre to date; U increase the water yield within the scheme for the next 15 U Development of a comprehensive Resource Management years; Plan (RMP) document after intensive public participation and U increase financial savings for the respective municipalities; involvement which will specify the rules and restrictions related to U provide more affordable water services. the management of the water body as well as provide direction on the establishment of a Water Management Institute; Hartbeespoort Dam Biological Remediation Programme (Harties Metsi A Me) The principle responsibilities of Rand Water as Implementing Agent include:- In June 2006, the Department of Water Affairs (DWA) appointed Rand Water as the Implementing Agent for the Hartbeespoort Dam U Compilations and submission of business / management plans Biological Remediation Programme to address and remediate the inclusive of training and social development plans; Hartbeespoort dam from its current hypertrophic status. U Coordination and management of the project activity implementation; The programme is currently categorised into the below sub- U Establishment of the necessary structures to facilitate programmes which consist of 46 projects in total:- implementation; U Appointment of service providers; U Programme Control; U Occupational Health and Safety; U Programme Support; U Asset management; U Information, Communication and Knowledge Centres; U Financial management. U Compliance and Enforcement; U Operations and Maintenance; The project is funded by the Department of Water Affairs U Catchment Strategies; with a total value of R100 million to date. It is envisaged that the programme will eventually be handed over to a Water The following has been achieved through the programme to date:- Management Institute, one of the outcomes of a comprehensive Resource Management Plan development process, which will U Development of a complete biological remediation plan for continue the efforts currently being undertaken by the Harties Metsi the restoration of water quality. This is the first of it’s kind in in A Me Programme.

78 Bulk

Sanitation

The primary objective of our Bulk Sanitation Department is to extend effluent compliance to Department of Water Affairs’ (DWA) Green sanitation services to water service authorities and institutions both Drop Certification. It also includes the management, operation and within and beyond our area of supply. Rand Water`s partnership with maintenance of the wastewater treatment works; capacity building municipalities, and the priority of the Department of Water Affairs’ and training of process controllers; industrial effluent monitoring is to address the sanitation challenges such that the environmental programme; the refurbishment and process upgrade of water and assets and natural resources are protected. wastewater treatment works; management of pump stations, the refurbishment, operations and maintenance of Acid Mine Drainage Our work includes the assessment of wastewater treatment plants and (AMD) plants. providing site specific recommendations to municipalities to ensure

79 Bulk Sanitation Value Chain

Projects

Emfuleni Local Municipality

In September 2009, we entered into a 5 year partnership with the Emfuleni Local Municipality for the provision of the following services: operations and maintenance of sewage pump stations and three Wastewater Treatment Plants, capacity building, implementation of Industrial Effluent Monitoring Programme (IEMP), process upgrade and plant refurbishment

Wastewater Treatment Works

The overall final effluent compliance of the wastewater treatment works for the year under review is tabulated below;

Monthly Percentage Effluent Compliance

Month Sebokeng Rietspruit Leeuwkuil

Jul-11 100 91 97 Aug-11 98 91 100 Sep-11 97 93 97 Oct-11 100 84 100 Nov-11 100 88 100 Dec-11 100 98 97 Jan-12 93 100 93 Feb-12 97 100 100 Mar-12 97 84 95 Apr-12 97 88 94 May-12 95 97.5 97 Jun-12 100 84.4 100 Year Ave 98 91 98

80 Pump stations Industrial Effluent Monitoring Programme (Iemp)

All local authorities are responsible for pollution control and We ensure that limited incidents are reported with regard to the prevention within their boundaries. Local Authorities are responsible raw sewage spillage into the Vaal River through the refurbishment to ensure that every water user pays according to the quantity and of critical pump stations (i.e. pump station 5, 4 34, 3D and 8) quality of effluent produced by them, and that the tax payer does not within the Vereeniging area. The scope of our work includes the subsidise industry for the treatment of industrial effluent. replacement of pumps, pipes, electrical work and upgrade of telemetry system for effective monitoring of the pump stations. In order to maintain close control on industrial water Green Drop Certification pollution, local authorities must have a “hands-on” approach towards industrial effluent pollution control. This requires that: The Green Drop Assessment which took place in March 2012, indicated an improvement of Emfuleni’s Wastewater Treatment  All polluters be identified, Works (WWTW) with respect to their Cumulative Risk Rating (CRR).  The necessary action is taken to prevent further pollution, CRR is used an indication of the operational risks that the plant  All possible polluters are monitored on an on-going and present in terms of design capacity, average daily, non-compliant regular basis to conform to the Municipal By-Laws Standards, effluent quality variables and non-compliance in terms of technical  All the industries must pay appropriate industrial effluent skills staffing requirements. levies The CRR of the three WWTW are as follows; Leeuwkuil WWTW increased from 39.6% to 51% due to the high flows into the works The Industrial effluent monitoring programme at Emfuleni is Rietspruit CRR dropped from 53.6% to 48.1 % while Sebokeng’s focused on the industrial customers. Currently, there are fourteen CRR dropped from 63.6% to 56%. The main contributing factors large water users (wet industries) that are monitored on a monthly in the drop of CRR for Sebokeng and Rietspruit were improved basis and charged a tariff based on an estimate of the mass of water quality compliance from previous year and meeting pollutants discharged to sewer. The Emfuleni Local Municipality has minimum technical staffing requirements through secondment of 10 an industrial effluent tariff which is based on the load of COD, Department of Water Affairs classified Process Controllers by Rand suspended solids, phosphate and ammonia discharged to sewer. Water

Capacity Building and Skills Transfer Our partnership in the provision of bulk sanitation services to We are also providing skills transfer to operational staff at the the Thembisile Hani Local Municipality began in 2009, with the Municipality’s wastewater treatment works. Skills transfers to provision of operational, maintenance and capacity building Wastewater Treatment staff are done by competent on-site Rand services to its Tweefontein K Wastewater Treatment Works. The Water Regional Operators and laboratory training is being done overall effluent compliance of the works for the 2011-2012 was through competent Rand Water Analytical Services personnel. 80%, indicating a drop of 7% when compared to the previous year’s effluent compliance. This was mainly due to constant power During the year under review, Rand Water Bulk Sanitation and failures which the plant experienced during the year, as well the time Analytical Services revived the municipality’s Leeuwkuil Water spent on its refurbishment. laboratory (both Chemical and Biological Sections) through repairs and replacement of obsolete instruments and calibration of existing On our recommendation the plant’s mechanical equipment such water analysis instruments. During the revamping of the lab, all as blowers; final clarifiers, chlorine room, storm water channels laboratory staff were trained and declared competent by Rand and inlet works were refurbished and upgraded with the latest Water Analytical Services on the analysing of water samples. technology in order to improve the final effluent quality compliance.

Refurbishment and Upgrade of Rietspruit WWTW Brugspruit Water Pollution Control Plant (Acid Mine Drainage Plant) Following recommendations by Rand Water on its monthly reports and technical meeting, Emfuleni Local Municipality appointed With our internal capacity and technical skills in the water, Rand Water in March 2012, to be implementing agent on the wastewater treatment and acid mine drainage processes, refurbishment of Rietspruit WWTW sludge handling facilities and the Department of Water Affairs extended our operation and design of 36 Ml/day emergency dam. This project will ensure that management contract for six months (May 2011 to October 2011) the plant complies with its license condition. operate, maintain and capacitate operational staff the Brugspruit Acid Mine Drainage Plant. The full operations of the plant there has

81 minimised environmental pollution due to the untreated AMD and to date. The mechanical and electrical contractors are expected the exposure of local community to the acid mine water. During to be appointed in August 2012. Both mechanical and electrical the year under review a total of nine operator were trained and contracts are planned to be complete by July 2013. declared competent on the basics of operation and maintenance of AMD plant Assessment of Water and Wastewater Treatment Works

eMalahleni Local Municipality The condition assessment of water and wastewater treatment works has been conducted on the following local municipalities to address To address the ageing infrastructure at eMalahleni, the Department backlog in the water services. A total of nine water and wastewater of Water Affairs appointed Rand Water for the refurbishment of the treatment plants were assessed by our Bulk Sanitation Department Municipality’s Riverview Wastewater Treatment Works. The scope during the year review. of work comprised of the refurbishment of inlet works, provision Number of of tractor, trailer bin and standby generator, cleaning of sludge Number of WTW Local Authority WWTW assessed digesters and refurbishment of damaged and obsolete mechanical assessed and electrical equipment. The project commenced in January 2011 Nketoana Local 44 and was completed at the end of January 2012, and a final report Municipality was submitted to the Department of Water Affairs. The project was eMalahleni Local 01 aimed at minimising the discharge of non-compliant final effluent Municipality to the Olifants River catchment by ensuring the treatment works Total Assessed 4 5 operates optimally.

Westonaria Local Municipality Innovations

The Department of Water Affairs appointed Rand Water as the We are engaged with a Finland-based Wastewater Treatment implementing agent for the extension of the Westonaria Local Technologies company on research to improve wastewater effluent Municipality’s Hannes Van Niekerk Wastewater Treatment Plant. quality through the introduction of tested technologies and chemicals to reduce odour and microbiological pollution at the wastewater The total project includes civil work, mechanical and electrical treatment plants. services. The current capacity of the Hannes Van Niekerk wastewater We have also signed supplier contract with Japanese based Water treatment Works is 22 Ml/d. The estimated contributions of future Technology Company to address the issue of Acid Mine Drainage developments anticipate the flow in 2020 is estimated at 46.9 in the eMalahleni Local Municipality. This project further looks at the Ml/d, which indicates a required extension of 25 Ml/d. Based on final effluent re-use of the current operational Brugspruit Acid Mine the geotechnical investigations to assess the extent of the dolomitic Drainage Plant to industrial and potable water use. A pilot plant is conditions it was determined that the suitable land available will only anticipated to be installed later this year and will be operational for accommodate 15 Ml/day. The excess effluent will be pumped to at least five years. Considering the current water quality demand the proposed new Zuurbekom Wastewater works. The civil contract and challenges at eMalahleni area, this project will further benefit commenced in January 2012 and the expected completion date the community through provision of good quality potable water. is March 2013. The overall civil progress is about 47% complete

82 Our Strategic Customer Partnerships

In an endeavor to exceed customer expectations, Rand Water necessary. This is done in order to assess and evaluate strengths continued to conduct Customer Value Management (CVM) survey. and identify improvement areas for our customer care agents. A The Survey monitors and tracks the needs and satisfaction levels quality monitoring program is used to observe the customer care of Rand Water customers. The results are weighted according to agents interaction with customers and to provide feedback based customer segment. upon predefined performance criteria, was also implemented.

The Rand Water Forums Change in service

The Forums are regarded as a communication tool between Rand 58% of respondents indicated that the service had stayed the same, Water, the customers and the stakeholders. There is a high number whilst 38% indicated that it had improved. The results show that of awareness and attendance of the forums. the service is slowly moving from staying the same to improvement.

Overall value of the Forums Change of service 2010 2011 2012

2010 2011 2012 Improved 51% 30% 38%

Overall value 95 93 95 Stayed the same 35% 62% 58%

The survey results above indicate that Rand Water is continuing to Don’t know 7% 5% 1% exceed customer expectations Deteriorated 7% 3% 3% The Rand Water Customer Services Centre It should be borne in mind that a large portion of the respondents Our 24 hour customer care line ensures that customer queries have been with Rand Water for longer than 5 years and are likely are responded to immediately. Customers rate the services they to have increased expectations over time. In order that it exceeds receive where calling the customer care line. In order to achieve customer expectations, Rand Water has the customer value operational integrity and use of best fit technology, the Centre management rating as a corporate performance indicator for all implemented upgraded the voice logger system to ensure that all staff members, as it believes that customer relationship is every conversations with customers can be tracked and listened to when employee’s business.

Summary of 2012 Customer Value Management survey evaluations

Categories 2010 2011 2012 Difference % rating (2010/2011)

Sample size 69 119 152 33 Overall perception of value 87.1 83.8 83.6 -0.2 Overall product Index score 92.6 86.2 88.8 2.6 Overall forward planning Index score 87.4 86.3 85.8 -0.5 Overall emotional drivers 89.3 86.8 85.3 -1.5 Overall operations and maintenance Index score 87.1 83.4 84.1 0.7 Overall billing & administration Index score 89.6 80.8 81.2 0.4 Overall strategic competency Index score 89.6 86.4 88.2 1.8 Overall communication Index score 83.4 81.9 82.1 0.2 Overall relationship building Index score 87.6 86.6 84.5 -2.1 Overall price Index score 79.6 77.1 73.5 -3.7 Overall image Index score 89.1 85.9 85.5 -0.4 Overall RAE Index score 84.8 81.5 79.6 -1.9

83 Water Wise Education

In order to spread the “Water Wise” message 583 workshops, roadshows and exhibitions were held Our Water Wise Education Team (WWET) with 62 346 learners, educators and adults during this period. The quality of the education service have worked throughout the year under assessed by educators was 95.85%. review to ensure that the Water Wise message is spread as widely as possible. Existing partnerships such as those with the Johannesburg Zoo, Johannesburg City Parks, Learner workshops were held at the Sci-Bono Discovery Centre, University of the following Water Wise Centres: The Rand Witwatersrand, SAICE and others continue to Water Nature Centre, the Vereeniging provide useful platforms to spread the Water Wise message. Purification Station, Delta Environmental Centre, the Jewish National Fund Walter The new partnership between Rand Water and the Sisulu Environmental Centre and the South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) saw the introduction of Water Wise educational Walter Sisulu National Botanical Gardens. programmes, which cover water and biodiversity, at the Walter Sisulu National Botanical Gardens in Roodepoort on the West Rand, thus adding a fifth centre from where Water Wise workshops are offered. Highlights of the Water Wise activities include participation in:

 Science Week at ArcelorMittal

 Health Week at the Sci-Bono Discovery Science Centre

84  Sasol Techno X in Sasolburg Wise workshop and a Year End party at the Water Wise Room in Vereeniging.  Grade 10 Life Sciences Workshops held at the Rand Water Nature Centre In addition to utilising the Water Wise website to disseminate  Manzi meeting the Department of Water Affairs Minister in information, the following Water Wise advertorials were used to Parliament widen the reach of the message:

 A Water Wise presentation to the Board of Rand Water  a three-page advertorial was included in the Water issue of  The Yebo Gogga exhibition at the University of the the Envirokids magazine which was published in February Witwatersrand. 2012. The activity focused mainly on water use at home under the theme “Open the Door to a Water Wise House”. During the annual Sasol Techno X exhibition, the team walked away with three awards:  a one-page advertorial was included in the Spur Restaurant’s Totem magazine for September, December, April and June.  1st place, Best Exhibition Businesses These advertorials covered the 6 meanings of being Water Wise in an interactive way.  1st place, Best Site Visit

Three Water Wise Holiday Programmes for staff children were  3rd place, Best Workshop organised for the financial year: In addition, the WWET were awarded a recognition certificate  The December 2011 Holiday Programme gave our staff from the Department of Science and Technology and Osizweni for children an opportunity to visit The Elephant Sanctuary near the roadshows and workshops facilitated at Osizweni in Secunda, Hartbeespoort Dam. The children enjoyed their close up in celebration of National Science Week. moments with elephants where they got a chance of standing 2012 saw the introduction of a new school curriculum in the next to elephants and also touching them. foundation phase and grade 10, i.e. Curriculum and Assessment  The April 2012 Holiday Programme was a visit to Lory Park Policy Statement (CAPS). The WWET has aligned existing Zoo in Midrand, and also gave staff children an opportunity programmes and developed new ones in order to meet with the of learning more about the importance of water for animals. changes made by the National Department of Education.

 The June Holiday Programme theme was “Welcome Home”, Further new developments include a bi-monthly induction where the staff children visited Maropeng and the Sterkfontein programme for Bulk Water Services and the hosting of the Jomo Caves. Cosmos Football Club and Rand Water’s Amanzi Soccer Club for an educational session on water purification. The beneficiary of the The Water Wise Education Team continues to ensure that the annual Christmas for Kids Function in the year under review was the Water Wise message is spread through interactive activities and Catherine Robson Children’s Home. The children attended a Water education material.

85 Feature story

The Rand Water Academy is borne Rand Water through the professionalisation of the out of the need to systematise the Academy, can play a pivotal role in skills and capacity development given the global standards that we measures various pockets of excellence in ourselves against and indeed surpass. training operating independently across the organisation into a single The Rand Water Academy would address the critical issues that affect the South African water sector as well as on the integrated unit. broader Continent. In line with one of our organisational objectives, i.e. to achieve a high performance culture as This move to integrate and create well as to build capability and capacity to meet changing efficiencies signals for us, a broader organisational requirements.

intention to pursue a sector-wide The concept of a learning Academy for Rand Water has influence within (and amongst sector been debated since 2008 when Human Resources man- partners) and outside of the borders dated an exploratory document on this subject which at the time was prepared by Deloitte. of the Republic.

86 The key thematic areas / concepts that will form the bases of the academy will include but not be limited to:

The Rand Water Academy concept was borne out of a few key classification around the Blue and Green Drop incentive based strategic needs both at a national and political level and very im- regulations (a super process controller). portantly an internal Rand Water need to systematise the various pockets of excellence in training and development operating inde- A Centre of Competence pendently across the organisation into a single integrated unit. Addressing the challenges of innovation in science and technology. Rand Water employees are provided with the tools to advance This move to integrate and create efficiencies signalled the broader an idea and capture it so that the idea can be transformed into a intention to pursue a sector-wide influence within (and amongst sec- marketable product or service. tor partners) and outside of the borders of the Republic of South Africa. The Rand Water Academy would address the critical skills Research and Development issues that affect the South African water and sanitation sector as Addressing the shortage of key graded researchers in the water well as the broader continent. sector by increasing the pool of National Research Foundation (NRF) graded researchers within Rand Water and the WAT/SAN sector. In May 2012 at the WISA Biannual Conference, we launched the Rand Water Academy as beyond just a skills transfer focus, but A Professional Exchange Hub rather as a special purposes vehicle that would incorporate various Addressing the challenges of exposure and international other models that included technology development, research development by allowing resources to practice in different countries platforms and centres of competence and excellence. and cities outside of South Africa and by inviting international resources to do the same within South African water sector. The Rand Water Academy Concepts launched at WISA will progressively be realised through specific phases of development A WAT/SAN Solutions Unit incorporating five key concepts: Addressing the challenges of science/engineering and operations solutions in the WAT/SAN sector by utilising a specialist team of A Centre of Excellence trained resources to provide ad-hoc specialist solutions to challenges Addressing one of the key challenges of process controller that arise within the WAT/SAN sector. 87 Milestones of the Rand Water Academy

National Treasury Graduate Internship all graduates, notably in the Engineering and Science disciplines Programme be professionally registered with the Engineering Council of South Africa (ECSA) and the South African Council for Natural Science The National Treasury initiative has a 36 month/3 year lifespan. Professions (SACNASP) on completion of the training. The mandate from National Treasury in respect of training is that 18 months will be spent with the host company/SOE and 18 months The training for National Treasury Initiative will ultimately be will be with an identified municipality where the student will ultimately delivered under the umbrella of the Rand Water Academy as it falls be employed permanently. Furthermore, there is a requirement that squarely within the training identified as core to the Academy.

88 Our Strategic Human Capital (SHC) portfolio strives to be a strategic business partner in integrated sustainable people-centred solutions; and to provide human resources services to Rand Water that will create an enabling environment that fosters attraction and retention of highly skilled staff. It facilitates and enables business efficiencies and effectiveness through people.

Our Human Resources Strategy ensures that the human capital initiatives are responsive to the strategic objectives of the organisation through relevant processes and activities to ensure a sustainable model. The risk management model identifies organisational risks to inform primary focus on the short, medium and long term initiatives that will minimise organisational risks. Our talent management process is adopted as a result of one of the top ten risks on attraction and retention of critical skills. The strategic human capital initiatives will offer responsive strategies that will ensure retention of core skills in the short, medium and long term.

In order to achieve its identified mission, there are several goals and objectives which have become central to the manner in which our SHC delivers its responsibilities;

 Effective and efficient attraction, retention and development of skilled staff for Rand Water;

 Implementation of an effective learning and positive culture;

 Ensure compliance with established regulatory guidelines and procedures;

 Maximise internal and external customer satisfaction; and

 Become a leader in streamlined business processes for efficiency and value delivery;

89 Alignment of corporate and SHC objectives

It is in the best interest of the organisation if corporate objectives are aligned with those of SHC. This is captured in the figure below;

Key initiatives undertaken during the 2011- 2012 financial year

Roll-out of the Organisation Wide Restructuring process

Culture and Values

Enhancement of the PM systems and processes

90 Training/Capacity Building

s !LLCAPACITYBUILDINGINITIATIVESWILLBEINSUPPORTOF growth initiatives as well as optimising business operations s 4HEBUSINESSREQUIREMENTSANDPRIORITIES PERFORMANCE gaps, career paths, individual aspirations, talent forum TALENT action plans and retention plans will inform capacity building MANAGEMENT initiatives s %NSUREALIGNMENTTOTHE.ATIONAL3KILLS3TRATEGYWHEN focusing on initiatives especially those aligned to functional and legislated requirements s %NSURESTANDARDISATIONTHROUGHGOVERNANCEARCHITECTURE that informs policy, processes and procedures to enhance Our business strategy good practice. needs to be supported with s %NSUREDESIGNOFCUSTOMISEDPROGRAMMESTOACCELERATE appropriate training and organisational change and capability capacity building policy s )NTEGRATIONWITH%MPLOYMENT%QUITY0LANTOENSUREFAIRNESS s -ONITOR TRACKANDEVALUATEBUSINESSIMPACTOFCORECAPACITY to increase our innovative building initiatives to entrench culture of accountability and operational efficiency s Ensure re-alignment with the water sector skills needs by building capability and capacity that will enable transformation.

91 Training/Capacity building The Integrated Wellness model focuses on 7 dimensions of wellness which are the key components of the framework, namely physical, For the 2011/2012 financial year the following training initiatives social, occupational, spiritual, intellectual and emotional wellbeing. were undertaken for the 3000+ strong Rand Water population. The focus is on creating a strong pipeline of technical skills through Prevalence of HIV/Aids technical and water related learner ships, engineering and Science bursars and apprenticeships. Our corporate HIV/AIDS Triple Zero strategy which was launched in 2007 as well as our HIV/AIDS and other life threatening diseases Rand Water business strategy need to be supported with policy are under review to be in line with the National Strategic Plan appropriate capacity building policy to increase our innovative 2012-2017 on HIV/AIDS. Our HIV and AIDS strategy is part of and operational efficiency by building capability and capacity that the broad integrated wellness strategy. HIV/AIDS in Rand Water is will enable transformation and business sustainability. treated like any other life threatening condition; this is done in order to The talent management strategies will be a key enabler in ensuring eliminate the stigma. that capacity building is embedded through effective talent management streams that will identify Rand Water and individual As part of the strategy, we provide support, treatment and care capacity building plans that will take Rand Water to the next level. through the Aid for Aids Program as part of the medical aid benefit In the context of Rand Water Capacity Building Plans will include for employees and their dependents. The impact study was done in but not limited to, Graduate-in-Training programs, Learnerships, October 2011 to evaluate the impact of the said treatment program. Internship Programs, and External Bursary Programs. The study indicates the increase in uptake in terms of access to Aid for Aids over a period of 5 years. The table below indicates the results of Bursaries and Learnerships the increase in uptake in terms of registration with AFA in terms of the PEOPLE WITH PROGRAM MALE FEMALE actuarial study done by Aids Risk Consulting. DISABILITY ACIWACIWACIW Financial Year Number of beneficiaries Internships 7 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bursaries 13000 8 02 4 0 00 0 External 2008 170 Apprenticeship 2009 217 610360000000 (All disciplines) 2010 274 Learnership 17 1 0 0 8 1 0 0 36 3 0 1 2011 331 Graduates 5 0 1 0 5 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2012 408  10 Internship programs started in 2011 and all of them were absorbed in the system as permanent. This is one of The study further indicated the savings of R 5.3m on Human Resources, our Capacity Building pipelines we use in our core functions medical aid and employee benefit costs by having employees who (Scientist, Engineering and Operations). are infected with HIV registered with the program at an early stage.

 27 Bursaries were awarded and the disciplines that were Some of our HIV and AIDS awareness campaigns are done during targeted are part of the critical and scare skills not only of our Wellness Weeks and the annual observation of the World Aids Rand Water but also of the Water Sector. Day. In 2011 the annual World Aids Day event was observed to emphasise the triple zero message to our employees with the national  16 Apprenticeships were granted for unemployed youth theme “getting to zero”. which focuses on disciplines such as Instrumentation, Electrical and Mechanical In addition to that a KAPB study on HIV/AIDS was conducted by UNISA at the same event to assess the knowledge, attitudes,  12 Graduates were employed into a GIT Program with the perceptions and behaviors of our employees with the aim to evaluate focus on scare skills around Scientific Services - Process the impact of our education campaigns and services. The sample Technology, Biology and Chemistry. target for the study was 22%, however, the response on the study was Employee Relations higher than expected at 27, 5%. The study shows that majority of our employees are informed about issues of HIV/AIDS. However, more Wellness work still needs to be done on the de-stigmatisation of the epidemic, which is also a problem nation-wide. We will review our strategy to The Employee Wellness Programme in Rand Water is a “comprehensive, add the zero to stigmatisation goal into our triple zero-let’s do it strategy multidisciplinary, and people system that seeks to promote, improve, which is; and optimise health, well-being, and high performance of Rand Water U Zero new infections employees”. U Zero Aids deaths and

92 U Zero mother to child transmission of the virus. Our workforce remains highly unionised. In 2011-12, 73.6% Our dynamic onsite Wellness Practitioners provide support to infected percent of the organisation’s employees belonged to trade unions employees who disclosed their status. This is done through counseling and 26.4% are non-Unionised. For the past three years membership and encouraging employees to adhere to treatment and a healthy of unions has been declining. Membership dropped from 86.5% lifestyle. during the financial year 2009-10 to 73.6% during 2011-12. This is a global phenomenon. We have two recognised trade unions, Our Wellness Champions also work voluntarily to assist their peers with namely the South African Municipal Workers Union (SAMWU) and information and education sessions on HIV and AIDS. The champions the United Association of South Africa (UASA). are able to highlight areas of concerns at face value and assist in encouraging their peers to participate in HIV and AIDS campaigns Unionised and non unionised members are depicted below and other wellness initiatives. UnionisedUUnionised andand Non-UnionisedNon-Unionised MembersMembers are ddepictedepicted bbelow.elow.

Our two sites Zwartkopjes and Bulk Water Distribution continued with the planned 2010 - 11 HCT campaign within the 2011 - 12 financial year and the results are indicated per table below.

Site No. of Female Male Negative people Positive Positive results tested results results Zwartkopjes 124 6 9 109

BWD 137 1 7 130 UNIONISED NO UNION Total 261 7 16 239 73.6% 26.4%

Our second HCT (HIV Counseling and Testing) campaign will form part Trade union membership is depicted below. of our annual Health and Wellness week to be held in September/ October 2012. The HCT campaign was done to collaborate the South African government’s national drive which ended in June 2011 to encourage people to know their HIV status and access counseling and treatment.

This campaign was then intensified in order not to lose the incredible momentum of the HCT campaign, hence the DOH continues with this national drive to ensure HIV testing remains a regular part of health seeking behavior. SAMWU UASA No Union During this period we will also introduce our external wellness service provider. One of the services that will be provided by the service 65.5% 21.3% 13.2% provider is the 24 hour crisis line to the employees.

Transformation and Demographics Rand Water, as part of its value of caring and recognising our employees’ contribution to the supply of potable water, facilitates Rand Water views employment equity as a strategic priority long-service award functions for employees who have served the for every year, and is committed to ensuring implementation organisation for 10, 20, 30 or 40 years. Employees are encouraged of the Employment Equity Act (‘the Act’). Rand Water has to bring their families to share this special moment with them as Rand ensured that employment equity is aligned to the organisation’s Water acknowledges that employees are part of families and the strategic objectives and is integrally linked to our human resource community at large. development, Talent Management, Employee Relations and Capacity Building strategy. Employee Relations

Our Labour Relations climate remained stabilised significantly during Our employment equity strategy is designed in consultation with the year under review. Rand Water completed salary negotiations all relevant stakeholders, including the representative trade unions. within the budgeted time and mandate. Across the board increases Although we anticipate that our employment equity strategy will were effected in time. place emphasis on advancing designated group employees (which

93 are defined in the Employment Equity Act to refer to Africans, Indians We have been successful in ensuring that, in general, we strive and Coloured people, women and people with disabilities), we will to achieve our EE targets as indicated in the employment Equity strive to ensure that other deserving employees are not unfairly denied Plan. Whilst there are some challenges in achieving these targets access to growth and advancement opportunities on a progressive in areas like engineering and scientific services, efforts have and structured career path. Our approach to employment equity is been made by way of introducing learner ships and coaching governed by principles of equity, equal opportunity and fairness. programmes as well as accelerated skills transfer models. Strides are also been made in the employment of female employees in The Employment Equity (EE) Strategy provides a framework for areas which were previously male dominated. The organisation the contribution of Employment Equity to the strategic business has also managed to report successfully to the Department of objectives of the organisation and the shareholders. It is intended Labour. to clarify Rand Water’s approach to people development as it is related to the type of organisation it desires to become.

Transformation as at 30 June 2012

Males Females Number %

Band Occupational Level Total African Col Indian White African Col Indian White ACI Females Disability Foreign ACI Females Disability Foreign

Q Senior Management 5 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 9 7 1 0 0 77.8 11.1 0 0

Q Top Management 3 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 6 6 3 0 0 100 50 0 0

P Top Management 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 100 100 0 0

P Senior Management 14 2 9 10 10 2 2 1 50 39 15 1 2 78 30 2 4

Specialist or Middle O 73 3 11 30 38 3 7 11 176 135 59 6 4 76.7 33.5 3.4 2.3 management

Specialist or Middle N 94 7 13 37 84 3 9 16 263 210 112 6 5 79.8 42.6 2.3 1.9 management

Technical worker or M 121 11 9 56 105 8 8 34 352 262 155 18 4 74.4 44 5.1 1.1 Junior management

Technical worker or L 65 2 2 8 65 1 2 15 160 137 83 4 0 85.6 51.9 2.5 0 Junior management

Technical worker or K 64 1 1 4 63 16 8 31 188 153 118 7 0 81.4 62.8 3.7 0 Junior management

Technical worker or J (Officials) 64 0 0 6 38 1 2 5 116 105 46 10 0 90.5 39.7 8.6 0 Junior management

J (Support Technical worker or 140 0 0 1 32 0 0 0 173 172 32 1 0 99.4 18.5 0.6 0 Staff) Junior management

Technical worker or DRY 63 6 1 42 18 0 0 0 130 88 18 2 1 67.7 13.8 1.5 0.8 Junior management

Technical worker or WET 26 1 1 10 1 0 0 0 39 29 1 2 0 74.4 2.6 5.1 0 Junior management

Technical worker or A0 2 7 0 4 0 0 0 0 13 9 0 0 0 69.2 0 0 0 Junior management

Technical worker or A1 38 0 0 16 6 0 0 1 61 44 7 1 0 72.1 11.5 1.6 0 Junior management

Technical worker or A2 163 0 1 23 15 0 0 1 203 179 16 11 0 88.2 7.9 5.4 0 Junior management

Technical worker or A3 39 0 0 2 11 0 0 0 52 50 11 2 0 96.2 21.2 3.8 0 Junior management

Technical worker or PARTTIME 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 4 3 2 2 0 75 50 50 0 Junior management

Technical worker or APP 7 1 0 3 6 0 0 0 17 14 6 0 0 82.4 35.3 0 0 Junior management

Semi-skilled / I Discretionary 651 11 2 18 207 3 0 6 898 874 216 41 0 97.3 24.1 4.6 0 decider

Unskilled / Defined H 164 4 1 7 47 0 0 2 225 216 49 18 0 96 21.8 8 0 decider

RWS Other 5 1 1 0 6 1 3 0 17 17 10 0 0 100 58.8 0 0

Total: 1802 58 53 279 756 40 41 124 3153 2750 961 132 16 87.2 30.5 4.2 0.5

94 Rand Water constitutes a diverse population which aims at ensuring to focus our recruitment and capacity building initiatives to employ that delivery of water is achieved with the best technology. For the members of the designated groups, and thus sustaining both their past few years Rand Water has been focusing on ensuring that the employability as well as competitiveness. diverse nature of its population does not have any negative impact on its mandate of delivering sustainable water and bulk sanitation In order to ensure that maximum participation is derived from solutions at the lowest possible cost. all Rand Water Employees, a consultation strategy has been developed as well as a transformation forum document. This Our Employment Equity landscape consists of Blacks (represented strategy ensures that all representatives within the employment by Africans, Coloureds and Indians) who make up more than equity forum are visible and are known to all employees within 80% against total workforce; whilst the number of people with the organisation. disabilities has slightly decreased from 4.5% to 4.2%. This decrease is partly attributed to the focused intake at the Strategic Employee Engagement Asset Management which did not have many candidates with disabilities. Females represent more than 30% of the total workforce, In an attempt to be proactive, We “moved” from “Employee however, at management levels female’s appointments (internal Satisfaction Surveys” to Employee Engagement Survey”. We believe and external) in management levels exceeded 45% against the that if the employees’ passion for working for Rand Water is ignited, total management recruitment. In enhancing the employability of there will be less turbulence in the workplace and productivity will those who are under-represented as would be required by the improve. Research indicate that one employee in every three is country’s legislation, Rand Water has incorporated Employment engaged. World class level of engagement is 67%. Rand Water is Equity into the Organisation’s Balance Scorecard. This compels us at 68% engagement level.

95 Ziyagezana Excellence Awards

Rand Water celebrated its ninth employee recognition awards events Participation Co-Operation and Partnership in December 2011. The Participation Co-operation and Partnership (PCP) Since its inception in 2003, the Ziyagezana Excellence Awards structures and processes provide a platform for con- has aimed to single out and publicly recognise employees for their sultation and consensus-seeking between management outstanding behaviour and notable contributions to the organisation. and recognised trade unions on policy matters that af- fect employees. The awards programme, underpinned by the five core values of Rand Water, is a key component towards the enrichment of a high performance culture, where employees are encouraged to For the year under review, the Stakeholders’ Forum recognise their colleagues’ hard work and dedicated efforts through endorsed the Capacity Building, Internal and Exter- a nomination process. The programme receives great approbation nal, and Graduate-In-Training and Internship poli- and commitment by Board members, Management and employees cies. Consultation has also amenably occurred on alike. proposed changes to the organisational structure at various levels. The organisation recognised and commended the following individuals and teams for their exceptional performance: Furthermore, following the review of the Constitution of the Stakeholders’ Forum, Site Forum Constitutions Employee of the Year - Ernest Dlamini have subsequently been reviewed to ensure alignment, Boss of the Year - Maureen Miles providing employees an opportunity to meaningfully Team of the Year - Bulk Sanitation influence decisions that are site-specific. Innovator of the Year - Petrus Matshaya Mover & Shaker of the Year - Dr Esper Ncube It is evident that the participative framework has impor- Wellness Champion of the Year - Vernon Monareng tant implications for critical workplace attitudes and Chief Executive’s Special Award - The Treasury Team behaviour necessary for a stable labour relations envi- ronment, and will continue to afford Rand Water that competitive advantage.

96 Compensation and Information  The Change Champion Network has been implemented in view of creating change capability to drive change Rand Water’s Compensation Strategy is to pay competent and continuous improvement programmes. The first employees at the Midpoint of the relevant pay scale and the market. intake of Change Champion network underwent a week Rand Water’s pay levels track ahead of the general market for the training in order to be equipped with managing change Bargaining Unit levels and track equal to, and slightly below, the management initiatives and continuous improvements market for management and senior management levels. Attraction within the organisation. During the last quarter of the of certain key skills and black females in senior technical positions current financial year additional intake of Change remains a challenge. Certain key senior vacancies have proved Champions were appointed and underwent training in difficult to fill and remuneration levels is cited as the primary obstacle. view of being licensed as Change Champions. In total eighty (80) Potential Change Champions were trained in Rand Water has converted their managerial levels into a Total the methodology to implement Change and continuous Cost to Company remuneration structure, below managerial levels, improvements projects. To date twenty four (24) Change employees who fall within the ambit of the Central Bargaining Champions are licensed, with the hope of licensing more Forum are remunerated on a basic plus benefits methodology. change champions in the near future.

Organisational Development and Design (ODD) As part of the training the Change Champions identified the following as the quick wins continuous improvement projects to kick The principal objective of our ODD Department during the year off with immediate effect: under review was mainly on embedding our new business model and effecting its implementation. Supporting the implementation of  Sanitation – how Scientific Services could support this the changes were the cultural initiatives driven from the Change process. Management stream of the business.  Meter reading – enhance billing and revenue collection Some of the highlights of the Departments are as follows:  Customer service – improving on turn-around times both In the Business Consulting Stream: internal and externally

 In August 2011, the signing of the newly proposed changes to  Communication – improving internal communication the structure of the business by the Board of Rand Water. This interdepartmentally and enhance reach to satellite offices was followed by an implementation plan and the execution of and districts the proposed changes across the business.  Skills development – increase the skills capacity for  Design of the Productivity Initiatives to be implemented in the employees to be more efficient next financial year to support the reorganisation has been Part of what the change champions will be exposed to are: completed. This will see the business beginning to account on the productivity of the business both from an asset point of  Benchmarking Trip to other Water Services view and the employee productivity. Part of the initiative is to engender a culture of accountability and high performance and  Facilitation of continuous improvement initiatives in the thereby assisting the business with efficiencies and continuous Organisation improvement.  Identify projects which will be presented to Site management In the Transformation and Change Management Stream: for approval

 The Second Phase of the Vision and Values Initiative was  Work with project teams concluded to ensure that the total workforce is engaged  and given an opportunity to define the desired culture of the Implement change projects (which could be within own organisation. Coupled to the process is the embedding of portfolio or in other portfolios) the desired behaviors to drive the culture changes. This was To enable the Transformation journey, as part of the Change achieved within the core business by facilitating the Leadership communication initiative, a CE Booklet concept was born modeling sessions. to communicate the business journey to date and business  In total 70 percent of the employees have participated in the achievements. This is earmarked for both internal and external revamping of value for Rand Water. Stakeholders e.g. Shareholders, Investors and employees.

97 Environmental Management Programmes and Plans

In our Environmental Management implementation Rand Water subscribes to the requirements of we ensure that the environment is rehabilitated to as the ISO 14001 Environmental Management pristine a situation as is possible. Rand Water has a System, which requires the organisation to thorough re-instatement programme, the purpose of consider all products, activities and services which is to minimise the impact on the environment. that can have an impact on the environment. Our Environmental Management Services (EMS) In so doing, significant impacts are identified, department has obtained and managed the controlled and either avoided or mitigated as environmental authorisations for Rand Water, over far as possible. the past four years. During this time we obtained our first Water Use licences (WUL) in line with section The tool ensures that environmental regulations, 21(c&i) of the Water Services Act. The process of policies and laws are complied with. obtaining these licences firstly on the BG3 pipe line The ISO 14001 certification provides a formal and then followed by the R5 phase 1, has shown the framework for improved environmental organisation’s commitment to comply with the Water performance, through the realisation of Act, to the extent that projects were held back and objectives and targets which are implemented water crossings were jumped during an intensive through management plans. period of infrastructure increase and development. In order to obtain these authorisations Rand Water has responded positively through active engagement with the authorities to receive these authorisations. The responsibilities of these licences however require long-term monitoring and our Analytical Services at Vereeniging have assisted in analysing water samples accordingly. During this last year the EMS department has engaged and worked very closely with other departments within Rand Water both in obtaining the authorisations and monitoring them.

98 In compliance with legislation we are required to conduct authorisations and exemptions from authorities in North West, Free Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA’s),in order to apply for State and the Gauteng provincial departments responsible for the Water Use Licences, Heritage impact applications (HIR), Waste environment. Other authorisations were obtained from the National authorisations for either permits for waste management or disposal, Department of Environmental Affairs and the National Department for all the projects as defined by law when required. As part of of Water Affairs. these authorisations processes, all the projects are required to have Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and environmental Total Authorisations Obtained monitoring has to be conducted after an Environmental Authorisation is received. The environmental monitoring is done mainly by the YEAR AMOUNT Rand Water’s own Environmental Control Officers (ECO), with 2006 1 scheduled backup audits from external ECO’s. This assists in ensuring 2007 5 that projects are undertaken in the most environmentally responsible 2008 4 manner to ensure responsible land use as well as protection of 2009 4 the environment for both Rand Water and interested and affected 2010 7 parties. Amongst others the protection of the environment also 2011 12 enhances the importance of biodiversity which forms part of long 2012 12 term sustainable business, which is for the benefit of the present TOTAL 45 and future generations. EMS has actively worked at ensuring that the environmental aspects of projects are prioritised without TYPES OF AUTHORISATION RECEIVED compromising the organisation or interested and affected parties. DEA EA 5 Projects being monitored GDARD EA 19 GDARD RoD 3 YEAR NUMBER MONITORED GDARD Duty to care 1

2010 15 DWA WUL 9 2011 20 DWA GA 2 2012 40 Exemption 6 TOTAL 45

During the year under review, we received twelve Environmental Authorisations (EA) in the form of exemptions, duty to care, general

99 There are also 25 other projects that are currently being worked on Rand Water received 11 Authorisations in total for the budget year for various authorisations while12 have been submitted which are six from the Department of Water Affairs four from GDARD one from pending authorisations. One amendment authorisation is pending. DEA.

Table below outlines the projects for which authorisations were awarded

PROJECT DESCRIPTION AUTHORITY Authorities reference number Date received ymD

Old River Crossings - Pipeline erosion control DWA/WUL 03/A10B/CI/1670 2012/05/18

C9 Pipeline GDARD exemption exemption 2011/11/05

C6/C17 pipeline instalation DWA/WUL 08/C22B/CI/1668 2012/02/05 Lethabo weir -Dredge of Silt at the Rand Water DWA/GA 12/12/20/271/7/16/2/7/C223/E002 2012/02/21 Lethabo Weir N 7 N8 Replacement Wildebeestfontein DWA/WUL 04/B11C/CI/1843 2012/06/20 reservoir to Bethal Demas pipeline (N10) DEA EA 12/12/20/1577 2012/03/06

Demas pipeline (N10) DWA/WUL 04/B20A/CI/1844 2012/06/20

B7 pipeline refurbishment GDARD EA Gaut:001/11-12/N0017 exemption 2011/08/15

Boschkop pipeline GDARD exemption exemption 2011/11/05

BG3 pipe (Vaal dam) DWA/WUL 16/2/7/0223/E001 2011/07/19

Q5 pipeline (Bosmont to WaterVal Reservoir) GDARD exemption exemption 2011/11/05

H40 pipeline GDARD Gaut: 002/11-10/E0008 2012/02/04

Environmental Rehabilitation Site Maintenance

Rehabilitation is undertaken to achieve two main aspects of work. EMS horticultural maintenance maintains approximately 6 467 First, it ensures that Rand Water’s infrastructure is safeguarded 511m² of land around pumping, purification works and other from effects of erosion and other environmental impacts. Where infrastructure and therefore also continues to contribute positively required, the necessary environmental related authorisations are towards maintaining the Blue drop status achieved by Rand Water. obtained prior to undertaking this work. Secondly, it is to ensure that all construction sites are rehabilitated back, after construction Horticultural site maintenance schedule reporting occurs as direct is completed, as close as possible to the original condition as is line reporting through EMS as well as indirect line reporting through possible. Station Management. Selected horticultural site maintenance work is undertaken by outsourced contractors appointed and monitored As part of the Rehabilitation Section projects EMS monitored, through EMS, such as at Panfontein, Analytical and the Water Wise maintained and reinstated erosion and land that occurs over and offices; however the majority of work is undertaken by in-house adjacent to Rand Water properties, reservoirs and pipelines. The staff within EMS totalling 181 staff. (Including direct and indirect implementation of 21 rehabilitation projects for 2011 - 2012 reporting staff). financial year has covered an approximately 613 902 m2 foot print area (erosion intervention and rehabilitation after construction). Refresher work related training continues to be undertaken for both As part of rehabilitation process the following work was undertaken new and existing staff annually, ensuring that all staff is competent (totals only for all projects): 1698 indigenous trees of various sizes and able to operate horticultural equipment safely while undertaking were planted, 19655 m3 of grass blocks, reno-mattress and their work. gabions installed, two irrigation systems were installed to cover EMS has continued with further phases of assessing Listed Alien 6700m2. In addition, 122 320 m2 of land has been cleared from Invasive Plants on Rand Water properties. This work was awarded alien plants and close to 608 000 m2 of land re-grassed. The to UNISA College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences. Sites total cost of erosion control projects on pipelines and reservoirs for have commenced with the implementation of plans that have already 2011/2012 being R 12.4 million, 44% more than 2010/2011 been completed for selected sites. EMS sites have set budgets and of R 8.5 million. objectives for the removal of these LIAP’s as well as a program for the replacement of these trees with Indigenous trees, and report quarterly on their progress in this regard.

100 Rietvlei South Africa hosting the annual COP 17 congress. Such additional challenges have elevated the importance of water conservation in In support of sustainable biodiversity, the Head Office of Rand our water scarce country and in particular Gauteng. Water is situated on the grounds of a 160 hectare indigenous nature site. The site is managed according to a management plan with all In order to adequately educate its target market, Water Wise plants on site being indigenous as well as encouraging fauna to engages in activities such as research, displays, exhibitions and inhabit the site. The present game numbers at the Nature area continually develops educational material such as z-folders, booklets are the following: 3 Zebra, 3 Blesbuck,1 Black wildebeest, more and media articles. than 75 Impala and numerous small game. Environmental friendly waterless toilets were installed at the Nature reserve area which is Research Projects frequented by school groups visiting the site and are exposed to water wise principles and practices. During the year under review, University of South Africa (UNISA) continued to collaborate with us on ongoing research projects such Six Sotho-Tswana Archaeological Ruins were identified on this site as: Testing of three basic grey water filtration systems for use in the and will be conserved and maintained according to the Cultural gardens, A comparison of water use in the home vs. the garden and Heritage Management Plan submitted by UNISA. Fire breaks were the development of the South African Tree Appraisal Methodology maintained around the main building as well as at the Nature data. A new tender for research was awarded to UNISA for the reserve to ensure compliance with the site specific management next three years for research initiatives which will benefit water plan and with legislative requirements. An Alien Invasive program conservation practices in the future as the existing MOA with was implemented and maintained. UNISA expired. Projects for the new tender will commence in the next financial year. UNISA College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences are in the process of updating the existing site environmental management The Water Wise Guide to Golf Courses is still being distributed plan and it is set to be implemented in the next financial year. and awareness on this issue is being generated. Furthermore, an initiative to begin more detailed research on golf course water use Zwartkopjes has commenced and looks to yield promising outcomes in the next financial year. No periodic maintenance projects were approved for the financial year. EMS staff at Zwartkopjes continued with the replanting of Displays, education material and projects indigenous trees to replace the selected trees that were felled and removed to accommodate the stations upgrades The Invasive Alien A Water Wise trophy was again sponsored for two garden design Plant Removal Program continues to be in line the UNISA report. shows, namely Lifestyle Garden Centre and Garden World Garden Centre. The aim is to inspire new landscapers as well as the public Water Conservation to incorporate more Water Wise principles in their landscapes. The winners this year were ‘Four Seasons’ for their design on ‘a sunken Rand Water has been mandated to promote water conservation and cycad garden’. demand management through the Water Services Act (108 of 1997, section 4.2c). This has been achieved through its environmental A trophy for the best Water Wise Landscape by a landscaper in brand, Water Wise. This brand operates across multiple divisions South Africa was awarded to Eric Cherry from Urban Landscape and portfolios within Rand Water to optimise delivery of the holistic Solutions for their work on the Cape Town Biodiversity Gardens at message of water conservation. EMS houses a subsection of Water the South African Green Industries Council convention. The aim is to Wise with the objective of creating awareness to an adult market influence professional landscapers to be more Water Wise in their around water conservation within the Rand Water supply area. approach to landscaping.

Previously, the target adult market was the formal and informal ‘green industry’ as these activities are high end water users. However, in The South African Green Industries Council initiated a marketing the past financial year the target market has expanded to include campaign with Rand Water to put out another campaign which was the education of business, corporates, hotels and office parks on supported by over 40 Garden Centres. This campaign supplements water conservation matters indoors (example bathrooms, ablutions the ‘Life is a Garden’ three drop campaign run in the previous kitchen etc). This is as a result of additional strain which has been financial year. The new campaign will focus on attracting birds placed on the South African economy due to increased population and bees to a one-drop (low water use) Water Wise Garden. In growth resulting in increased water demands. Furthermore, the addition an A4 booklet will be developed that can further educate effects of climate change have become increasingly apparent with the Golf course, office parks and green industry.

101 The Water Wise demonstration garden at Delta Environmental under review, three educational z-folder leaflets were created, Centre continued to be maintained and an upgrade has been namely: Three Drop Landscaping, Three Drop planting and Water initiated (attracting 15000 plus visitors a year). Similarly, the Water Wise Buildings. In addition, Rand Water’s Water Wise guide to Wise Walter Sisulu National Botanical Garden was maintained Landscaping was produced as well as the revised version of the (attracting 186000 visitors plus a year) and was also used to Tree Rooting Habits and the Implications for he Infrastructure of Rand facilitate awareness at the annual tree expo. Water were produced. The Tree Rooting Habits booklet is the only one of it’s kind in South Africa. During the period under review a total of 12 educational z-folder brochures were distributed namely: Vegetable gardening, Climate change, Mulch, Irrigation, Invasive alien plants, Water Wise lawns, Water Wise plant characteristics and Capture the rain, Hydro zone your garden, Create shaded garden areas, Harvest roof rain water and Make lawn areas Water Wise. In addition in the period

Water Wise displays and exhibitions

Total cost of Return on Number of visitors Place of event Type of event event Investment attracted to event (R)* per visitor

Garden World Garden Centre Garden design exhibition 2011 70 000 61 050 0.87

Lifestyle Garden Centre Garden design exhibition 2012 135 000 21 000 0.16

1000 Clear Water Mall Gardening display 2011 400 000 0.0025

Home makers expo Exhibition for home owners 46 380 20 340 0.44

Grand Designs Live Exhibition for general public 27 500 29 959 1.09

500 Sustainability conference Exhibitions for water industry 440 1.14

SANA trade show Aug 2011 display green industry 700 1100 1.57

SANA trade show Mar 2012 display green industry 500 1100 2.2

Water Services Forum 2011/2012 forums 101 100 0.99

Water Wise Tree exhibition Exhibition educating general public 600 400 0.66

Equestra Spring Classic cycle Corporate event 200 100 0.50

Fourways Mall: Going Green General public display 80 000 1000 0.01

Generation Earth: Youth Summit Youth display 500 100 0.20

Builders Warehouse: green expo General public display 500 100 0.20

Plantimex Trade day Green industry display 500 100 0.20

Randfontein show Green industry display 800 100 0.13

West Rand District Municipality wellness week Water industry display 100 500 5.0

West Rand District Municipality environment Water industry display 500 100 0.20 week

Total 764 321 138649 0.18#

*Costs exclude internal staff costs. #Figure closest to 0 or below 0 indicates best ROI

102 Water Wise advertorials and media articles

Articles per Approximate monthly Media (magazine) Water Wise message year. circulation per issue

12 Golf Club Management 4000 Technical Water Wise articles for the golf course industry 2 Golfers Yearbook 5000

6 Environmental Management 6400

6 Landscape SA 4000 Technical Water Wise articles for the Green Industry

4 Environment 16000

2 The Gardener/Die Tuinier 47659

Articles on WW gardening for gardeners 1 Lifestyle magazine 5000 WW articles for gardeners

1 Garden World magazine 5000

2 Suceed 28000 Articles for business and government

6 Equinox 31158 Articles for the hotel industry and guests

6 Simply Green 12000 WW articles for the general public

2 Green Home 10000 WW articles for the general public

4 Drum 130253 WW articles for the general public

1 Business Day Sport 36018 WW articles for the sports industry

1 Business Day Earth 30000 WW articles for the sports industry

2 SA Rugby 20349 WW articles for the sports industry

1 Sowetan Soccer 30000 WW articles for the sports industry

Monthly newsletters are sent out to all major sites of the organisation for dissemination to all Rand Water staff. The topics are all water conservation related. A separate monthly newsletter is also sent out to the public on water conservation. At the end of the financial year a total of 415 subscribers were signed up.

The Water Wise web site has also been updated monthly with new information with an added feature of a three monthly weather forecast provided by the SA Weather Services.

103 GRI Summary Table

The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) defines Sustainability Reporting as ‘the practice of measuring, disclosing, and being accountable to internal and external stakeholders for organisational performance towards the goal of sustainable development’. Sustainability Reporting is considered synonymous with others used to describe reporting on economic, environmental, and social impacts (e.g., triple bottom line, corporate responsibility reporting, etc.). A sustainability report should provide a balanced and reasonable representation of the sustainability performance of a reporting organisation – including both positive and negative contributions.

Reports based on the GRI Reporting Framework disclose outcomes and results that occurred within the reporting period in the context of the organisation’s commitments, strategy, and management approach. Reports can be used for the following purposes, among others:

U Benchmarking and assessing sustainability performance with respect to laws, norms, codes, performance standards, and voluntary initiatives;

U Demonstrating how the organisation influences and is influenced by expectations about sustainable development; and

U Comparing performance within an organisation and between different organisations over time.

Indicator Disclosure Core Annual Report Page Numbers 1.1 Statement from the most senior decision-maker of the organisation about the relevance of YES 4 - 5 sustainability to the organisation and its strategy. 1.2 Description of key impacts, risks, and opportunities. YES 14 - 16 2.1 Name of the organisation. YES Cover 2.2 Primary brands, products, and/or services. YES 2 2.3 Operational structure of the organisation, including main divisions, operating YES 2;13;29; 34 companies, subsidiaries, and joint ventures.

2.4 Location of organisation’s headquarters. YES Back Cover 2.5 Number of countries where the organisation operates, and names of countries with YES 17;74 either major operations or that are specifically relevant to the sustainability issues covered in the report.

2.6 Nature of ownership and legal form. YES 29 2.7 Markets served (including geographic breakdown, sectors served, and types of YES 2;13;17 customers/beneficiaries).

2.8 Scale of the reporting organisation. YES 2 2.9 Significant changes during the reporting period regarding size, structure, or ownership. YES 29; 34 2.10 Awards received in the reporting period. YES 5;46 3.1 Reporting period (e.g., fiscal/calendar year) for information provided. YES 1

3.2 Date of most recent previous report (if any). YES 1 3.3 Reporting cycle (annual, biennial, etc.) YES 1 3.4 Contact point for questions regarding the report or its contents. YES 1; Back Cover

3.5 Process for defining report content. YES 1 3.6 Boundary of the report (e.g., countries, divisions, subsidiaries, leased facilities, joint YES 1 ventures, suppliers).

3.7 State any specific limitations on the scope or boundary of the report. If boundary and YES 1 scope do not address the full range of material economic, environmental, and social impacts of the organisation, state the strategy and projected timeline for providing complete coverage. 3.8 Basis for reporting on joint ventures, subsidiaries, leased facilities, outsourced YES 34 operations, and other entities that can significantly affect comparability from period to period and/or between organisations.

104 Indicator Disclosure Core Annual Report Page Numbers 3.9 Data measurement techniques and the bases of calculations, including assumptions and YES 102 techniques underlying estimations applied to the compilation of the Indicators and other information in the report. Explain any decisions not to apply, or to substantially diverge from, the GRI Indicator Protocols.

3.10 Explanation of the effect of any re-statements of information provided in earlier reports, YES N/a and the reasons for such re-statement (e.g., mergers /acquisitions, change of base years/periods, nature of business, measurement methods).

3.12 Table identifying the location of the Standard Disclosures in the Report. YES Financial Statements

3.13 Policy and current practice with regard to seeking external assurance for the Report. YES 2

4.1 Governance structure of the organisation, including committees under the highest YES 2;29 - 33 governance body responsible for specific tasks, such as setting strategy or organisational oversight.

4.2 Indicate whether the Chair of the highest governance body is also an executive officer. YES 30

4.3 For organisations that have a unitary board structure, state the number and gender of YES 30 - 31 members of the highest governance body that are independent and/or non-executive members. 4.4 Mechanisms for shareholders and employees to provide recommendations or direction YES 93 - 94 to the highest governance body.

4.5 Linkage between compensation for members of the highest governance body, senior YES Financial Statements managers, and executives (including departure arrangements), and the organisation’s performance (including social and environmental performance).

4.6 Processes in place for the highest governance body to ensure conflicts of interest are YES 31 - 32 avoided.

4.7 Process for determining the composition, qualifications and expertise of the members of YES 30 - 31 the highest governance body and its committees, including any consideration of gender and other indicators of diversity.

4.8 Internally developed statements of mission or values, codes of conduct, and principles YES 10 -11 relevant to economic, environmental, and social performance and the status of their implementation.

4.9 Procedures of the highest governance body for overseeing the organisation’s YES 2; 14 - 16; 29; 31 identification and management of economic, environmental, and social performance, including relevant risks and opportunities, and adherence or compliance with internationally agreed standards, codes of conduct, and principles.

4.10 Processes for evaluating the highest governance body’s own performance, particularly YES External Auditors Report with respect to economic, environmental, and social performance.

4.11 Explanation of whether and how the precautionary approach or principle is addressed YES External Auditors Report by the organisation.

4.12 Externally developed economic, environmental, and social charters, principles, or other YES 1; 14 - 16; 18 initiatives to which the organisation subscribes or endorses.

4.13 Memberships in associations (such as industry associations) and/or national/ YES 1; 2; 7; 18; 19 international advocacy organisations in which the organisation: * Has positions in governance bodies; * Participates in projects or committees; * Provides substantive funding beyond routine membership dues; or * Views membership as strategic.

4.14 List of stakeholder groups engaged by the organisation. YES 18 4.15 Basis for identification and selection of stakeholders with whom to engage. YES 18

4.16 Approaches to stakeholder engagement, including frequency of engagement by type YES 18 and by stakeholder group.

4.17 Key topics and concerns that have been raised through stakeholder engagement, YES 18 and how the organisation has responded to those key topics and concerns, including through its reporting.

105 Indicator Disclosure Core Annual Report Page Numbers EC1 Direct economic value generated and distributed, including revenues, operating costs, YES 26 - 28 employee compensation, donations and other community investments, retained earnings, and payments to capital providers and governments.

EC2 Financial implications and other risks and opportunities for the organisation’s activities YES 57 due to climate change. EC3 Coverage of the organisation’s defined benefit plan obligations. YES 26 - 28

EC4 Significant financial assistance received from government. YES 26 - 28

EC5 Range of ratios of standard entry level wage compared to local minimum wage at NO - significant locations of operation. EC6 Policy, practices, and proportion of spending on locally-based suppliers at significant YES 39 locations of operation.

EC7 Procedures for local hiring and proportion of senior management hired from the local NO - community at locations of significant operation. EC8 Development and impact of infrastructure investments and services provided primarily for YES 56 public benefit through commercial, in-kind, or pro bono engagement. EC9 Understanding and describing significant indirect economic impacts, including the extent YES 26 - 28 of impacts. EN1 Materials used by weight or volume. YES 47 - 54

EN2 Percentage of materials used that are recycled input materials. NO -

EN3 Direct energy consumption by primary energy source. YES 54

EN4 Indirect energy consumption by primary source. YES 54

EN5 Energy saved due to conservation and efficiency improvements. NO -

EN6 Initiatives to provide energy-efficient or renewable energy based products and services, YES 57 and reductions in energy requirements as a result of these initiatives. EN7 Initiatives to reduce indirect energy consumption and reductions achieved. YES 54

EN8 Total water withdrawal by source. YES 49

EN9 Water sources significantly affected by withdrawal of water. YES 49

EN10 Percentage and total volume of water recycled and reused. NO -

EN11 Location and size of land owned, leased, managed in, or adjacent to, protected areas YES 59 - 61 and areas of high biodiversity value outside protected areas.

EN12 Description of significant impacts of activities, products, and services on biodiversity in YES 42; 96 - 98 protected areas and areas of high biodiversity value outside protected areas.

EN13 Habitats protected or restored. YES 42; 96 - 98

EN14 Strategies, current actions, and future plans for managing impacts on biodiversity. YES 96 - 98

EN15 Number of IUCN Red List species and national conservation list species with habitats in NO - areas affected by operations, by level of extinction risk. EN16 Total direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions by weight. NO -

EN17 Other relevant indirect greenhouse gas emissions by weight. YES 57

EN18 Initiatives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and reductions achieved. YES 57

EN19 Emissions of ozone-depleting substances by weight. NO -

EN20 NO, SO, and other significant air emissions by type and weight. NO -

EN21 Total water discharge by quality and destination. YES 49

EN22 Total weight of waste by type and disposal method. NO -

EN23 Total number and volume of significant spills. NO -

EN24 Weight of transported, imported, exported, or treated waste deemed hazardous under NO - the terms of the Basel Convention Annex I, II, III, and VIII, and percentage of transported waste shipped internationally.

106 Indicator Disclosure Core Annual Report Page Numbers EN25 Identity, size, protected status, and biodiversity value of water bodies and related YES 42; 96 - 98 habitats significantly affected by the reporting organisation’s discharges of water and runoff. EN26 Initiatives to mitigate environmental impacts of products and services, and extent of YES 42; 96 - 98 impact mitigation. EN27 Percentage of products sold and their packaging materials that are reclaimed by NO - category. EN28 Monetary value of significant fines and total number of non-monetary sanctions for non- NO - compliance with environmental laws and regulations. EN29 Significant environmental impacts of transporting products and other goods and NO - materials used for the organisation’s operations, and transporting members of the workforce. EN30 Total environmental protection expenditures and investments by type. YES 97 - 98; 100 - 101

LA1 Total workforce by employment type, employment contract, and region. YES 92

LA2 Total number and rate of employee turnover by age group, gender, and region. NO -

LA3 Benefits provided to full-time employees that are not provided to temporary or part-time NO - employees, by major operations. LA15 Return to work and retention rates after parental leave, by gender. NO -

LA4 Percentage of employees covered by collective bargaining agreements. YES 91

LA5 Minimum notice period(s) regarding significant operational changes, including whether NO - it is specified in collective agreements. LA6 Percentage of total workforce represented in formal joint management-worker health YES 90; 92 and safety committees that help monitor and advise on occupational health and safety programs. LA7 Rates of injury, occupational diseases, lost days, and absenteeism, and number of work- YES 43 related fatalities by region. LA8 Education, training, counselling, prevention, and risk-control programs in place to assist YES 90 - 91 workforce members, their families, or community members regarding serious diseases. LA9 Health and safety topics covered in formal agreements with trade unions. NO -

LA10 Average hours of training per year per employee by gender, and by employee YES 90 category. LA11 Programs for skills management and lifelong learning that support the continued YES 90 employability of employees and assist them in managing career endings. LA12 Percentage of employees receiving regular performance and career development YES 90 reviews, by gender. LA13 Composition of governance bodies and breakdown of employees per category YES 92 according to gender, age group, minority group membership, and other indicators of diversity. LA14 Ratio of basic salary and remuneration to women to men by employee category, by NO - significant locations of operations. HR1 Percentage and total number of significant investment agreements and contracts that NO - include clauses incorporating human rights concerns, or that have undergone human rights screening. HR2 Percentage of significant suppliers, contractors and other business partners that have NO - undergone human rights screening, and actions taken. HR3 Total hours of employee training on policies and procedures concerning aspects of NO - human rights that are relevant to operations, including the percentage of employees trained. HR4 Total number of incidents of discrimination and corrective actions taken. YES 36 - 37

HR5 Operations and significant suppliers identified in which the right to exercise freedom of NO - association and collective bargaining may be violated or at significant risk, and actions taken to support these rights. HR6 Operations and significant suppliers identified as having significant risk for incidents of NO - child labour, and measures taken to contribute to the effective abolition of child labour. HR7 Operations and significant suppliers identified as having significant risk for incidents of NO - forced or compulsory labour, and measures taken to contribute to the elimination of all forms of forced or compulsory labour.

107 Indicator Disclosure Core Annual Report Page Numbers HR8 Percentage of security personnel trained in the organisation’s policies or procedures NO - concerning aspects of human rights that are relevant to operations. HR9 Total number of incidents of violations involving rights of indigenous people and actions NO - taken. HR10 Percentage and total number of operations that have been subject to human rights NO - reviews and/or impact assessments. HR11 Number of grievances related to human rights filed, addressed and resolved through NO - formal grievance mechanisms. SO1 Percentage of operations with implemented local community engagement, impact YES 65 - 69 assessments, and development programs. SO2 Percentage and total number of business units analysed for risks related to corruption. YES 36 - 37

SO3 Percentage of employees trained in organisation’s anti-corruption policies and YES 36 - 37 procedures. SO4 Actions taken in response to incidents of corruption. YES 36 - 37

SO5 Public policy positions and participation in public policy development and lobbying. YES 18; 55 - 56

SO6 Total value of financial and in-kind contributions to political parties, politicians, and NO - related institutions by country. SO7 Total number of legal actions for anti-competitive behaviour, anti-trust, and monopoly YES 40 practices and their outcomes. SO8 Monetary value of significant fines and total number of non-monetary sanctions for non- NO - compliance with laws and regulations. SO9 Operations with significant potential or actual negative impacts on local communities. NO -

SO10 Prevention and mitigation measures implemented in operations with significant potential NO - or actual negative impacts on local communities. PR1 Life cycle stages in which health and safety impacts of products and services are NO - assessed for improvement, and percentage of significant products and services categories subject to such procedures. PR2 Total number of incidents of non-compliance with regulations and voluntary codes YES 14 - 16 concerning health and safety impacts of products and services during their life cycle, by type of outcomes. PR3 Type of product and service information required by procedures, and percentage of YES 2 significant products and services subject to such information requirements. PR4 Total number of incidents of non-compliance with regulations and voluntary codes NO - concerning product and service information and labelling, by type of outcomes. PR5 Practices related to customer satisfaction, including results of surveys measuring customer YES 81; 82; 100 satisfaction. PR6 Programs for adherence to laws, standards, and voluntary codes related to marketing NO - communications, including advertising, promotion, and sponsorship. PR7 Total number of incidents of non-compliance with regulations and voluntary codes NO - concerning marketing communications, including advertising, promotion, and sponsorship by type of outcomes. PR8 Total number of substantiated complaints regarding breaches of customer privacy and NO - losses of customer data. PR9 Monetary value of significant fines for non-compliance with laws and regulations NO - concerning the provision and use of products and services.

108 ANNEXURES

109 Annexures Annexure 1: WHO Benchmarking Report

BENCHMARKING OF NON ORGANIC WATER QUALITY DETERMINANTS IN THE BULK DISTRIBUTION NETWORK TO WHO STANDARDS - 2011/12 Number of Compliance levels Parameter Units of measure WHO standards samples (%)

Physical and Organoleptic properties

Colour (2) (mg / l as Pt) < 15 4062 100.0%

Turbidity (4) (NTU) < 0.3 12333 39.5%

Turbidity (2) (NTU) < 4 12333 100.0%

Total Dissolved Solids (2) (mg / l) < 600 5470 100.0% (mg / l as CaCO ) Hardness (2) 3 < 200 4092 99.9%

Radioactivity

Alpha (1) (bq / l) < 0.5 2 100.0%

Beta (1), (6) (bq / l) < 1 2 100.0%

Inorganic

Aluminium (4) (mg / l as Al) < 0.1 4092 98.8%

Ammonia (2) (mg / l as N) < 1.5 4060 100.0%

Antimony (3) )  < 20 3743 100.0%

Arsenic (3) )  < 10 3930 100.0%

Barium (3) (mg / l as Ba) < 0.7 3839 100.0%

Boron (3) (mg / l as B) < 2.4 4089 100.0%

Cadmium (3) )  < 3 4091 100.0%

Chloride (2) (mg / l as Cl) < 250 4070 100.0%

Monochloramines (3) (mg/l) < 3 10043 100.0%

Free Chlorine {Contaminant effect} (3) (mg/l) < 5 12476 100.0%

Chromium -total (3) )  < 50 4092 100.0%

Copper (2) (mg / l as Cu) < 1 4092 100.0%

Copper (3) (mg / l as Cu) < 2 4092 100.0%

Cyanide (Recoverable) )  < 50 4011 100.0%

Fluoride (3) (mg / l as F) < 1.5 4070 100.0%

Iron (2) (mg / l as Fe) < 0..3 4092 99.9%

Lead (2) )  < 10 4085 100.0%

Manganese (2) (mg / l as Mn) < 0.1 4091 100.0%

Manganese (3) (mg / l as Mg) < 0.4 4091 100.0%

Mercury (3) )  < 6 (7) 3892 100.0%

Molybdenium (3) (mg / l as Mo) < 0.07 4091 100.0%

Nickel (3) )  < 70 4091 100.0%

Nitrate (3) (mg / l as N ) < 11.29 4037 100.0%

Nitrite (3) (mg / l as N) < 0.91 4037 88.8%

Nitrate/Nitrite ratio (3, 5) (mg / l as N) < 1 4070 88.6%

Selenium (3) )   < 40 3931 100.0%

Sodium (2) (mg / l as Na) < 200 4090 100.0%

Sulphate (2) (mg / l as SO4) < 250 4070 100.0%

Sulphate (3) (mg / l as SO4) < 500 4070 100.0%

Uranium (3) (ug/l as U) < 30 3742 100.0%

Zinc (2) ( mg / l as Zn) < 4 4091 100.0%

Microbiological

E. Coli (3) (cfu per 100 ml) 0 12479 99.9%

Notes:

(1) Analysed at the outlets of Purification works

(2) Aesthetic effects

(3) Health effects

(4) Operational need

(5) [NO3 as N]/11.29 + [NO2 as N]/0.91

(6) Beta radiation excluding radiation from potassium-40 = [measured beta radiation in bq/l] - {0.0276 x [potassium in mg/l]}

(7) WHO guideline = inorganic mercury, Rand Water result = total mercury

110 Annexure 2: Bulk Distribution Water Quality Report

Bulk Distribution Water Quality Report

July 2011 to June 2012

Specifications (based on SANS241: 2005) Achieved compliance levels Parameter Units of measure No of results

99% min to Class II 95% min to Class I Class I Class II

SPECIFICATIONS Chemical and Physical properties

Colour mg / l as Pt < 20 50 4,062 100.0% 100.0%

Conductivity mS / m < 150 370 8,034 100.0% 100.0%

pH pH units 5 to 9.5 4 to 10 8,019 100.0% 100.0%

Turbidity NTU < 1 5 12,283 100.0% 100.0%

Total Dissolved Solids mg / l < 1000 2400 5,452 100.0% 100.0%

Taste FTN < 5 10 4,149 100.0% 100.0%

Odour TON < 5 10 4,149 100.0% 100.0% Organic Determinants

Total Trihalomethanes ug / l < 200 300 4,205 100.0% 100.0%

Phenols As C6h5oh ug / l < 10 70 2,035 100.0% 100.0%

Dissolved Organic Carbon mg / l < 10 20 4,110 100.0% 100.0% Micro Elements

Antimony μg / l as Sb < 10 50 3,743 100.0% 100.0%

Arsenic μg / l as As < 10 50 3,930 100.0% 100.0%

Cadmium μg / l as Cd < 5 10 4,091 100.0% 100.0%

Chromium (Total) μg / l as Cr < 100 500 4,092 100.0% 100.0%

Cobalt μg / l as Co < 500 1000 4,092 100.0% 100.0%

Cyanide (Recoverable) μg / l as CN < 50 70 3,978 100.0% 100.0%

Lead μg / l as Pb < 20 50 4,085 100.0% 100.0%

Mercury μg / l as Hg < 1 5 3,892 100.0% 100.0%

Nickel μg / l as Ni < 150 350 4,091 100.0% 100.0%

Selenium μg / l as Se < 20 50 3,931 100.0% 100.0%

Vanadium μg / l as V < 200 500 4,092 100.0% 100.0% Macro Elements & Miscellaneous Determinants

Aluminium mg / l as Al < 0.3 0.5 4,092 99.9% 100.0%

Ammonia mg / l as N < 1 2 4,060 100.0% 100.0%

Calcium mg / l as Ca < 150 300 4,092 100.0% 100.0%

Chloride mg / l as Cl < 200 600 4,070 100.0% 100.0%

Copper mg / l as Cu < 1 2 4,092 100.0% 100.0%

Fluoride msFmgg/la / l as F <<1 1 15 1.5 4, 070 100. 0% 100. 0%

Iron mg / l as Fe < 0.2 2 4,092 99.8% 100.0%

Magnesium mg / l as Mg < 70 100 4,092 100.0% 100.0%

Manganese mg / l as Mn < 0.1 1 4,091 100.0% 100.0%

Nitrate & Nitrite mg / l as N < 10 20 4,070 100.0% 100.0%

Potassium mg / l as K < 50 100 4,091 100.0% 100.0%

Sodium mg / l as Na < 200 400 4,090 100.0% 100.0%

Sulphate mg / l as SO4 < 400 600 4,070 100.0% 100.0%

Zinc mg / l as Zn < 5 10 4,091 100.0% 100.0%

Microbiological

minimum of 99% of the original and minimum of 95% of the original results E.Coli cfu per 100 ml repeat/consecutive results shall be non- 12,448 99.9% 99.9% shall be non-detected detected

Other Determinants as required by supply contract

Free Chlorine And Monochloramine mg/l 0.2 min 95% compliance 12,439 96.3%

FOR MONITORING/REPORTING PURPOSES ONLY (2)

Guideline Achived compliane levels 95% Min 99% Min Compliance 95% Min 99% Min Compliance

Microbiological

Standard Plate Count cfu per 1 ml < 100 < 5000 12,381 98.9% 99.9%

Total Coliforms cfu per 100 ml Not detected < 10 12,448 99.2% 99.8%

Notes : (1) Specification date of effect : July 2006 (2) Guideline derived from SANS 241: 2005 operations alert and industry practices

Performance Index 99.65% 99.98%

111 Annexure 3: Independent Water Quality Audits Report

Rand Water Bulk Distribution Water Quality Report - Independent Third Party (CSIR) Results July 2011 to June 2012 Specifications (based on SANS241: 2005) Achieved compliance levels No of Parameter Units of measure Required compliance (1) results

95% min to 99% min to Class I Class II Class I Class II SPECIFICATIONS Chemical and Physical properties Colour (mg / l as Pt) < 20 50 60 100.0% 100.0% Conductivity (mS / m) < 150 370 60 100.0% 100.0% pH (pH units) 5 to 9.5 4 to 10 60 100.0% 100.0% Turbidity (NTU) < 1 5 60 100.0% 100.0% Total Dissolved Solids (mg / l) < 1000 2400 60 100.0% 100.0% Taste (FTN) < 5 10 58 100.0% 100.0% Odour (TON) < 5 10 59 100.0% 100.0% Organic Determinants Total Trihalomethanes (ug / l) < 200 300 60 100.0% 100.0% Phenols as C6H5OH (ug / l) < 10 70 60 100.0% 100.0% Dissolved Organic Carbon (mg / l) < 10 20 58 100.0% 100.0% Micro Elements Antimony (g / l as Sb) < 10 50 60 100.0% 100.0% Arsenic (g / l as As) < 10 50 60 100.0% 100.0% Cadmium (g / l as Cd) < 5 10 60 100.0% 100.0% Chromium (Total) (g / l as Cr) < 100 500 60 100.0% 100.0% Cobalt (g / l as Co) < 500 1000 60 100.0% 100.0% Cyanide (Recoverable) (g / l as CN) < 50 70 60 98.3% 98.3% Lead (g / l as Pb) < 20 50 60 100.0% 100.0% Mercury (g / l as Hg) < 1 5 60 96.7% 100.0% Nickel (g / l as Ni) < 150 350 60 100.0% 100.0% Selenium (g / l as Se) < 20 50 60 100.0% 100.0% Vanadium (g / l as V) < 200 500 60 100.0% 100.0% Macro Elements & Miscellaneous Determinants Aluminium (mg / l as Al) < 0.3 0.5 60 100.0% 100.0% Ammonia (mg / l as N) < 1 2 60 96.7% 100.0% Calcium (mg / l as Ca) < 150 300 60 100.0% 100.0% Chloride (mg / l as Cl) < 200 600 60 100.0% 100.0% Copper (mg / l as Cu) < 1 2 60 100.0% 100.0% Fluoride (mg / l as F) < 1 1.5 60 100.0% 100.0% Iron (mg / l as Fe) < 0.2 2 60 100.0% 100.0% Magnesium (mg / l as Mg) < 70 100 60 100.0% 100.0% Manganese (mg / l as Mn) < 0.1 1 60 100.0% 100.0% Nitrate & Nitrite (mg / l as N) < 10 20 60 100.0% 100.0% Potassium (mg / l as K ) < 50 100 60 100.0% 100.0% Sodium (mg / l as Na) < 200 400 60 100.0% 100.0% Sulphate (mg / l as SO4) < 400 600 60 100.0% 100.0% Zinc ( mg / l as Zn) < 5 10 60 100.0% 100.0% Microbiological minimum of minimum of 99% of the 95% of the original and E. Coli (cfu per 100 ml) original results repeat/consec 60 100.0% 100.0% shall be non- utive results detected shall be non- detected Other Determinants as required by supply contract  min 95% Free chlorine and monochlo (mg / l) 60 83.3% compliance FOR MONITORING/REPORTING PURPOSES ONLY (2) Guideline Achieved compliance 95 % Min 99 % Min Class I Class II compliance compliance Microbiological Standard Plate Count (cfu per 1 ml) < 100 < 5000 60 93.3% 100.0% Total Coliforms (cfu per 100 ml) Not detected < 10 60 95.0% 98.3% Coliphages (per 10 ml) 0 60 100.0% Giardia (3) (org/ 10 litre) 0 12 100.0% Cryptosporidium (3) (org/ 10 litre) 0 12 100.0% Notes : (1) Specification date of effect : July 2006 (2) Guideline derived from SANS 241: 2005 operations alert and industry practices (3) Measured at the furthest point in the distribution network

112 DRY DRY 23.592 SEASON 0.543 <0.543 WET WET SEASON 012) DRY DRY SEASON WET WET SEASON DRY DRY SEASON WET WET SEASON CLEAN WATER SAMPLE WATER CLEAN POINTS 168 1.8 2.2 1.2 <1.168 <1.168 <1.168 DRY DRY SEASON M-B12 D-MAP_S1 D-PAL_B4 D-DB8 364 19.733 77.493 68.325 77.407 56.538 32.173 WET WET SEASON .543 <0.543 <1.543 <0.543 <0.543 <0.543 <0.543 < DRY DRY SEASON D-DA8 WET WET SEASON .09 <0.09 0.12 <0.09 <0.09 <0.09 0.14 <0.09 <0.09 <0.09 0.1 0.5 <0.5 <0.50.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.50.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.50.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 DRY DRY SEASON M-B11_VG .168 <1.168 1.2 <1.168 <1.168 <1. WET WET SEASON .168 <1.168 <1.168 69.512 24.333 25. DRY DRY <0.558 <0.558 <0.558 19 9.2 8.9 7.9 21 20 19 16 11 9.3 SEASON M-CANAL M-CANAL 328 <0.328 <0.328 <0.328 50 15 16 12 55 46 58 39 21 14 WET WET SEASON DRY DRY SEASON .543 <0.543 <0.543 <0.543 <0.543 <0.543 <0.543 <0 WET WET SEASON RAW WATER SAMPLING POINTS DRY DRY SEASON C-WF WET WET SEASON DRY DRY SEASON C-VGB M-A8 8.8 4.1 3.9 6.5 2.2 2.5 2.9 1.5 3.2 1.4 2.4 0.93 2.1 1.1 4 1.8 2.9 1.6 2.6 1.6 WET WET SEASON LAB <1 RW <1 <1<1<1 <1 RW <1 RW <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 0.5 SABS0.5 <0.5 <0.5 SABS <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 < 0.5 <0.5 <0.5 SABS < 0.5 <0.5 <0.5 SABS <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 < <0.5 <0.5 < <10<20<20 CSIR CSIR CSIR <10 <20 <20 <10 <20 <20 <10 <20 <20 <10 <20 <20 <10 <20 <20 <10 <20 <20 <10 <20 <20 <10 <20 <20 <10 <20 <20 <10 <20 <20 <10 <20 <20 <10 <20 <20 <10 <20 <20 <10 <20 <20 <10 <20 <20 <10 <20 <20 <10 <20 <20 <10 <20 <20 <10 <20 <20 <10 <20 <20 <0.1 RW <0.1<0.1<0.1 <0.1 <0.1 RW RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1<0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1<0.1 <0.1 RW<0.1 <0.1 <0.1<0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1<0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1<0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.09 RW <0.09<0.37 <0.09<0.29 RW <0.09<0.32 <0.09 <0.37 RW <0.09 <0.37 <0.29 RW <0.09 <0.37 <0.29 <0.32 <0.09 <0.37 <0.29 <0.32<0.11 <0.37 0.1 <0.29<0.18 <0.32 <0.37<0.19 <0.29 <0.09 <0.32<0.09 RW <0.37 <0.29 <0 RW <0.32 <0.11<0.09 <0.37 RW <0.29 <0.18 <0.32 RW <0.11 <0.37 <0.19<0.09 <0.29 <0.18 <0.32 <0.09<0.19 RW <0.37 <0.11 <0.19 <0.29 <0.32 <0.18 <0.09 <0.37 <0.11 <0.09 RW <0.29 <0.19 <0.32 <0.18 RW <0.09 <0.37 <0.11 <0.09 <0.29 <0.19 <0.09<0.12 <0.32 <0.18 <0.09 <0.19<0.19 <0.11 <0.37 <0.09 <0.29 <0.19 <0.09<0.07 <0.32 <0.18 <0.09 <0.19 <0.37 <0.11 <0.09<0.11 RW <0.19 <0.29 <0.09 <0.32 <0.18<0.07 RW <0.09 <0.19 <0.11 <0.37 <0.09 <0.29 <0.19 <0.09 <0.12<0.04 RW <0.18 <0.32 <0.09 <0.37 <0.11 <0.19 <0.19<0.09 RW <0.09 <0.19 <0.29 <0.09 <0.12 <0.32 <0.18 <0.07<0.14 RW <0.09 <0.11 <0.37 <0.19 <0.19 <0.09 <0.29 <0.19 <0.11<0.11 RW <0.09 <0.12 <0.18 <0.32 <0.07 <0.09 <0.07 RW <0.37 <0.19 <0.11 <0.19 <0.09 <0.19 <0.29 <0.11 <0.09 <0.12 <0.04 RW <0.32 <0.18 <0.07 <0.09 <0.07 <0.37 <0.19 <0.11 <0.09 <0.19 <0.09<0.06 RW <0.29 <0.19 <0.11 <0.09 <0.12 <0.04 <0.32 <0.18 <0.07 <0.14<0.13 <0.09 <0.07 <0.37 <0.19 <0.11 <0.09 <0.19 <0.09 <0.29 <0.19 <0.09 <0.11 <0.11<0.13 <0.12 <0.04 <0.32 <0.18 <0.07 <0.14 <0.09 <0.19 <0.07 <0.11 RW <0.19 <0.09 <0.09 <0.29 <0.19 <0.09 <0.11 <0.11 <0.12 <0.32 <0.04 <0.18 RW <0.07 <0.14 <0.09 <0.19 <0.07 <0.11 <0.19 <0.09 <0.09 <0.06<0.11 <0.19 RW <0.11 <0.09 <0.11 <0.12 <0.32 <0.04 <0.18 <0.07 <0.14 <0.13 <0.09 <0.07 <0.19 <0.11 <0.19 <0.09 <0.09 <0.06 <0.19 <0.11 <0.09 <0.12 <0.11 <0.13 <0.04 <0.18 <0.07 <0.14 <0.13 <0.09 <0.07 <0.11 <0.19 <0.19 <0.09 RW <0.09 <0.19 <0.06 <0.11 <0.09 <0.12 <0.11 <0.13 <0.04 <0.18 <0.07 <0.14 <0.09 <0.13 <0.07 <0.11 <0.19 <0.19 <0.09 <0.09 <0.19 <0.11 <0.06 <0.11 <0.09 <0.11 <0.12 <0.13 <0.04 <0.18 <0.07 <0.14 <0.09 <0.07 <0.13 <0.11 <0.19 <0.19 <0.09 <0.09 <0.19 <0.11 <0.06 <0.11 <0.09 <0.11 <0.12 <0.04 <0.13 <0.18 <0.07 <0.14 <0.09 <0.07 <0.13 <0.11 <0.19 <0.19 <0.09 <0.09 <0.19 <0.06 <0.11 <0.09 <0.11 <0.11 <0.12 <0.04 <0.13 <0.18 <0.07 <0.14 <0.09 <0.13 <0.07 <0.19 <0.09 <0.19 <0.09 <0.19 <0.06 <0.11 <0.09 <0.11 <0.11 <0.12 <0.13 <0.04 <0.07 <0.14 <0.09 <0.13 <0.07 <0.19 <0.09 <0.19 <0.09 <0.06 <0.09 <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 <0.12 <0.13 <0.04 <0.07 <0.14 <0.13 <0.19 <0.07 <0.09 <0.19 <0.09 <0.06 <0.09 <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 <0.12 <0.13 <0.04 <0.07 <0.14 <0.13 <0.19 <0.07 <0.19 <0.09 <0.06 <0.09 <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 <0.12 <0.13 <0.04 <0.07 <0.14 <0.13 <0.19 <0.07 <0.19 <0.09 <0.06 <0.11 <0.11 <0.12 <0.11 <0.13 <0.04 <0.07 <0.14 <0.13 <0.07 <0.19 <0.09 <0.11 <0.06 <0.11 <0.12 <0.11 <0.13 <0.04 <0.07 <0.14 <0.07 <0.13 <0.19 <0.09 <0.11 <0.06 <0.11 <0.12 <0.11 <0.04 <0.13 <0.07 <0.14 <0.07 <0.13 <0.19 <0.09 <0.11 <0.06 <0.11 <0.11 <0.04 <0.13 <0.07 <0.14 <0.07 <0.13 <0.09 <0.11 <0.06 <0.11 <0.11 <0.04 <0.13 <0.14 <0.07 <0.13 <0.09 <0.06 <0.11 <0.11 <0.04 <0.13 <0.14 <0.13 <0.09 <0.06 <0.11 <0.11 <0.13 <0.14 <0.13 <0.06 <0.11 <0.11 <0.13 <0.13 <0.06 <0.11 <0.13 <0.13 <0.06 <0.11 <0.13 <0.13 <0.11 <0.13 <0.11 <0.11 LIMIT <0.558<1.168<0.328 RW RW <0.558 RW <1.168 <0.558 <0.328 <1.168 <0.558 <0.328 <1.168 <0.558 <0.328 <1.168 8.9 <0.328 <1.168 <1.168 5.2 20 <1.168 <0.558 <1.168 5.8 <1 <0. <0.65193 RW LAB REPORTING WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO WHO GUIDELINE Rand Water Rand Water Rand Water Rand Water Rand Water Rand Water Rand Water Rand Water Rand Water Rand Water Rand Water Rand Water Rand Water Rand Water Rand Water Rand Water Rand Water Rand Water Rand Water Rand SOURCE OF OF SOURCE GUIDELINES ( GUIDELINES l10 l0.7 l15 l5 l8 ll<1 l 300 700 llll<1 500 500 500 l30 l2 l0.03 ll2 l1 l2 100 l1 l1 l1 l1 l1 l1 l0.03 l20 l20 l1 l0.6 l2 l2 l0.03 l0.03 l1 l2 l20 l2 l0.2 l7 Water<6RW<6<6<6<6<6<630<6<6<6<6<6<6<6<6<6<6<6<6<6 l1 ll 10Rand 100 EU 1.168 RW <1.168 <1.168 <1.168 <1.168 28.804 11.032 <1.168 <1 g/ μg/l 100 μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/ μg/l 300 μg/l 0.5 μg/l 60 μg/l 100 WHO <0.543 RW <0.543 <0.543 <0.543 <0.543 <0 ean Union p ) 3 ) 3 ) 2 )μg/ )μg/ Cl) )μg/ 2 4D , 2 ( DEHP ( TTHMs ( )μg/ acetic )μg/ y anization EU- Euro EU- anization g DBP ( hthalate TBA OH hate ( 5 )p p l oxide de henox H y p y 6 p rene rene henol hose p p thalate thalate lazine lhex chlor l )py y p y ri y y l a y ( py lene 153 lene lene lbenzene lene y henol A tachlor tachlor e _ y y y -DDD -DDD -DDE -DDT -DDT p p p 2-eth 4-Dichloro ( ,p ,p ,p , p,p p,p Phenols as C Phenols Bromodichloromethane (CHBrCl Tribromomethane or bromoform (CHBr Dibromochloromethane (CHBr Trichloromethane or chloroform (CHCl WHO- World Health Or Health World WHO- 1Benzene 7PCB 9 2Benzo 45di Di-but 6Eth 8 Toluene 3Bis 50 Geosmin n 49 Trihalomethanes Total 15 2 51 (2-MIB) 2-Methylisoborneol ng/l 15 Water Rand <15 RW <15 <15 <15 <15 <15 <15 <15 <15 <15 <15 29 <15 19 <15 18 <15 <15 <15 29 <15 1213 P-X 4-n-Oct 11 M-X 1718 Aldrin 19 Atrazine 20 B-BHC Chlor 22 o 2425 DDE o 2930 Endosulfan 1 31 Endosulfan 2 32 sul Endosulfan 33 Endrin 34 Aldeh Endrin 35 Endrin Ketone 36 He 37 He Hexachlorobenzene 4041 Simazine 42 Trans-Chlordane Terbuth 45 14 p-Nonylphenol23 μg/l2627 o 28 <1 Dieldrin 38 MCPA 43 Vinclozolin 10 O-X 48 46 47 16 A-BHC 21 D-BHC 39 Methox 44 y-BHC(Lindane) μg/l 2 No PARAMETER UNITS ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS ASSESSMENT RAND WATER DRINKING WATER VALUE CHAIN 2011 - 2012 (SAMPLING EVENTS: OCTOBER AND APRIL 2 VALUE DRINKING WATER ASSESSMENT RAND WATER ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS 1. INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS 4. ALGAL TOXINS 2. PESTICIDES NOTE: 3. DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS 3. DISINFECTION Annexure 4a : Organic Contaminants - Main System

113 Annexure 4b : Organic Contaminants – Magalies Water System/Vaalkop ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS ASSESSMENT RAND WATER DRINKING WATER VALUE CHAIN 2011 - 2012 (SAMPLING EVENTS: OCTOBER 2011 AND APRIL 2012)

RAWWATER CLEANWATER GUIDELINES LAB SAMPLEPOINT SAMPLEPOINT No PARAMETER UNITS REPORTI LAB MVAALKOP_RAW DTOWNLANDS NGLIMIT WET DRY WET DRY GUIDELINES SOURCEOFGUIDELINE SEASON SEASON SEASON SEASON 1.INDUSTRIALCHEMICALS 1 Benzene μg/l 10 WHO <0.09 RW <0.09 <0.09 <0.09 <0.09 2 Benzo(a)pyrene μg/l 0.7 WHO <1 RW <1 <1 <1 <1 3 BisphenolA μg/l 15 Rand Water <10 CSIR <10 <10 <10 <10 4 Dibutylpthalate(DBP) μg/l 5 Rand Water <20 CSIR <20 <20 <20 <20 5 di(2ethylhexyl)phthalate(DEHP) μg/l 8 WHO <20 CSIR <20 <20 <20 <20 6 Ethylbenzene μg/l 300 WHO <0.37 RW <0.37 <0.37 <0.37 <0.37 7 PCB_153 μg/l <1 Rand Water <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 8 Toluene μg/l 700 WHO <0.29 RW <0.29 <0.29 0.31 <0.29

9 PhenolsasC6H5OH μg/l 0.5 Rand Water <0.65193 RW 5.4 8.1 1.9 1.7 10 OXylene μg/l 500 WHO <0.32 RW <0.32 <0.32 0.39 <0.32 11 MXylene μg/l 500 WHO <1 RW <1 <1 <1 <1 12 PXylene μg/l 500 WHO <1 RW <1 <1 <1 <1 13 4nOctylphenol μg/l <1 Rand Water <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 14 pNonylphenol μg/l <1 Rand Water <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 2.PESTICIDES 15 2,4Dichlorophenoxyacetic(2,4D) μg/l 30 WHO 0.5 SABS <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 16 ABHC μg/l 2 Rand Water <0.11 RW <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 17 Aldrin μg/l 0.03 WHO <0.18 RW <0.18 <0.18 <0.18 <0.18 18 Atrazine μg/l 100 WHO <0.19 RW <0.19 <0.19 <0.19 <0.19 19 BBHC μg/l 2 Rand Water <0.09 RW <0.09 <0.09 <0.09 <0.09 20 Chlorpyriphose μg/l 1 Rand Water 0.5 SABS <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 21 DBHC μg/l 2 Rand Water <0.09 RW <0.09 <0.09 <0.09 <0.09 22 o,pDDD μg/l 1 Rand Water <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 23 p,pDDD μg/l 1 Rand Water <0.09 RW <0.09 <0.09 <0.09 <0.09 24 DDE μg/l 1 Rand Water <0.19 RW <0.19 <0.19 <0.19 <0.19 25 o,pDDE μg/l 1 Rand Water <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 26 o,pDDT μg/l 1 WHO <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 27 p,pDDT μg/l 1 WHO <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 28 Dieldrin μg/l 0.03 WHO <0.12 RW <0.12 <0.12 <0.12 <0.12 29 Endosulfan1 μg/l 20 WHO <0.19 RW <0.19 <0.19 <0.19 <0.19 30 Endosulfan2 μg/l 20 WHO <0.07 RW <0.07 <0.07 <0.07 <0.07 31 Endosulfansulphate μg/l 1 Rand Water <0.11 RW <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 32 Endrin μg/l 0.6 WHO <0.07 RW <0.07 <0.07 <0.07 <0.07 33 EndrinAldehyde μg/l 2 Rand Water <0.04 RW <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 34 EndrinKetone μg/l 2 Rand Water <0.09 RW <0.09 <0.09 <0.09 <0.09 35 Heptachlor μg/l 0.03 WHO <0.14 RW <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 36 Heptachlorepoxide μg/l 0.03 WHO <0.11 RW <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 37 Hexachlorobenzene μg/l 1 WHO <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 38 MCPA μg/l 2 WHO 0.5 SABS <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 39 Methoxychlor μg/l 20 WHO <0.06 RW <0.06 <0.06 <0.06 <0.06 40 Simazine μg/l 2 WHO <0.13 RW <0.13 <0.13 <0.13 <0.13 41 TransChlordane μg/l 0.2 WHO <0.13 RW <0.13 <0.13 <0.13 <0.13 42 Terbuthylazine(TBA) μg/l 7 WHO <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 43 Vinclozolin μg/l 1 Rand Water 0.5 SABS <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 44 yBHC(Lindane) μg/l 2 Rand Water <0.11 RW <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 3.DISINFECTIONBYPRODUCTS

45 BromodichloromethaneBromodichloromethane(CHB (CHBrCl rCl2) μgμg/l/l 60 WHO <0<0.558 RW <0<0.558 <0<0.558 17 21

46 Dibromochloromethane(CHBr2Cl) μg/l 100 WHO <1.168 RW <1.168 <1.168 16 17 47 Trichloromethaneorchloroform(CHCl μg/l 300 WHO <0.328 RW <0.328 <0.328 17 24 48 Tribromomethaneorbromoform(CHB μg/l 100 WHO <0.543 RW <0.543 <0.543 2.4 2.9 49 TotalTrihalomethanes(TTHMs) μg/l 100 EU 1.168 RW <1.168 <1.168 52.456 64.692 4.ALGALTOXINS 50 Geosmin ng/l 10 RandWater <6 RW <6 <6 <6 <6 51 2Methylisoborneol(2MIB) ng/l 15 RandWater <15 RW <15 <15 24 <15 NOTE:WHOWorldHealthOrganizationEUEuropeanUnion

114 Annexure 4c : Organic Contaminants – Barrage System ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS ASSESSMENT RAND WATER DRINKING WATER VALUE CHAIN 2011 - 2012 (SAMPLING EVENTS: OCTOBER 2011 AND APRIL 2012)

CLEANWATER RAWWATER GUIDELINES LAB SAMPLEPOINT SAMPLEPOINT No PARAMETER UNITS REPORTING LAB BARRAGERAW BDOM LIMIT SOURCEOF WET DRY WET DRY GUIDELINES GUIDELINE SEASON SEASON SEASON SEASON 1.INDUSTRIALCHEMICALS 1 Benzene μg/l 10 WHO <0.09 RW <0.09 <0.09 <0.09 0.11 2 Benzo(a)pyrene μg/l 0.7 WHO <1 RW <1 <1 <1 <1 3 BisphenolA μg/l 15 Rand Water <10 CSIR <10 <10 <10 <10 4 Dibutylpthalate(DBP) μg/l 5 Rand Water <20 CSIR <20 <20 <20 <20 5 di(2ethylhexyl)phthalate(DEHP) μg/l 8 WHO <20 CSIR <20 <20 <20 <20 6 Ethylbenzene μg/l 300 WHO <0.37 RW <0.37 <0.37 <0.37 <0.37 7 PCB_153 μg/l <1 Rand Water <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 8 Toluene μg/l 700 WHO <0.29 RW <0.29 <0.29 <0.29 <0.29

9 PhenolsasC6H5OH μg/l 0.5 Rand Water <0.65193 RW 6.7 11 1.2 0.68 10 OXylene μg/l 500 WHO <0.32 RW <0.32 <0.32 <0.32 <0.32 11 MXylene μg/l 500 WHO <1 RW <1 <1 <1 <1 12 PXylene μg/l 500 WHO <1 RW <1 <1 <1 <1 13 4nOctylphenol μg/l <1 Rand Water <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 14 pNonylphenol μg/l <1 Rand Water <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 2.PESTICIDES 15 2,4Dichlorophenoxyacetic(2,4D) μg/l 30 WHO 0.5 SABS <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 16 ABHC μg/l 2 Rand Water <0.11 RW <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 17 Aldrin μg/l 0.03 WHO <0.18 RW <0.18 <0.18 <0.18 <0.18 18 Atrazine μg/l 100 WHO <0.19 RW <0.19 <0.19 <0.19 <0.19 19 BBHC μg/l 2 Rand Water <0.09 RW <0.09 <0.09 <0.09 <0.09 20 Chlorpyriphose μg/l 1 Rand Water 0.5 SABS <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 21 DBHC μg/l 2 Rand Water <0.09 RW <0.09 <0.09 <0.09 <0.09 22 o,pDDD μg/l 1 Rand Water <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 23 p,pDDD μg/l 1 Rand Water <0.09 RW <0.09 <0.09 <0.09 <0.09 24 DDE μg/l 1 Rand Water <0.19 RW <0.19 <0.19 <0.19 <0.19 25 o,pDDE μg/l 1 Rand Water <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 26 o,pDDT μg/l 1 WHO <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 27 p,pDDT μg/l 1 WHO <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 28 Dieldrin μg/l 0.03 WHO <0.12 RW <0.12 <0.12 <0.12 <0.12 29 Endosulfan1 μg/l 20 WHO <0.19 RW <0.19 <0.19 <0.19 <0.19 30 Endosulfan2 μg/l 20 WHO <0.07 RW <0.07 <0.07 <0.07 <0.07 31 Endosulfansulphate μg/l 1 Rand Water <0.11 RW <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 32 Endrin μg/l 0.6 WHO <0.07 RW <0.07 <0.07 <0.07 <0.07 33 EndrinAldehyde μg/l 2 Rand Water <0.04 RW <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 <0.04 34 EndrinKetone μg/l 2 Rand Water <0.09 RW <0.09 <0.09 <0.09 <0.09 35 Heptachlor μg/l 0.03 WHO <0.14 RW <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 36 Heptachlorepoxide μg/l 0.03 WHO <0.11 RW <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 37 Hexachlorobenzene μg/l 1 WHO <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 38 MCPA μg/l 2 WHO 0.5 SABS <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 39 Methoxychlor μg/l 20 WHO <0.06 RW <0.06 <0.06 <0.06 <0.06 40 Simazine μg/l 2 WHO <0.13 RW <0.13 <0.13 <0.13 <0.13 41 TransChlordane μg/l 0.2 WHO <0.13 RW <0.13 <0.13 <0.13 <0.13 42 Terbuthylazine(TBA) μg/l 7 WHO <0.1 RW <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 43 Vinclozolin μg/l 1 Rand Water 0.5 SABS <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 44 yBHC(Lindane) μg/l 2 Rand Water <0.11 RW <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 <0.11 3. DISINFECTION BYBYPRODUCTSPRODUCTS

45 Bromodichloromethane(CHBrCl2) μg/l 60 WHO <0.558 RW <0.558 <0.558 1.2 12

46 Dibromochloromethane(CHBr2Cl) μg/l 100 WHO <1.168 RW <1.168 <1.168 <1.168 16

47 Trichloromethaneorchloroform(CHCl 3) μg/l 300 WHO <0.328 RW <0.328 <0.328 1.2 8.9

48 Tribromomethaneorbromoform(CHBr 3) μg/l 100 WHO <0.543 RW <0.543 <0.543 <0.543 3.4 49 TotalTrihalomethanes(TTHMs) μg/l 100 EU 1.168 RW <1.168 <1.168 2.324 39.987 4.ALGALTOXINS 50 Geosmin ng/l 10 RandWater <6 RW <6 <6 <6 8.8 51 2Methylisoborneol(2MIB) ng/l 15 RandWater <15 RW <15 26 30 <15 NOTE:WHOWorldHealthOrganizationEUEuropeanUnion

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