Quality Assurance in Postgraduate Education 2
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Workshop report 12 Alexandra Bitusikova, Janet Bohrer, Ivana Boroši´c, Nathalie Costes, Kerim Edinsel, The present report follows an ENQA Workshop on Quality Assurance and Karoline Holländer, Gunilla Jacobsson, Ivan Filip Jakopovi´c, Mary-Louise Kearney, Postgraduate Education, hosted by the Romanian Agency for Quality Assurance Fred Mulder, Judith Négyesi, Manuel Pietzonka in Higher Education (ARACIS) in Brasov, Romania on 12–13 March 2009. The workshop was an excellent opportunity for ENQA members to exchange information, defi ne concepts and examine best practice related to quality Quality Assurance assurance of postgraduate education. in Postgraduate Education Workshop report 12 ISBN 978-952-5539-45-5 (Paperbound) ISBN 978-952-5539-46-2 (PDF) ISSN 1458-106X Workshop report 12 Alexandra Bitusikova, Janet Bohrer, Ivana Boroši´c, Nathalie Costes, Kerim Edinsel, Karoline Holländer, Gunilla Jacobsson, Ivan Filip Jakopovi´c, Mary-Louise Kearney, Fred Mulder, Judith Négyesi, Manuel Pietzonka Quality Assurance in Postgraduate Education 2 This project has been funded with support from the European Commission in the framework of the Lifelong Learning programme. This publication refl ects the views of the authors only and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. isbn 978-952-5539-45-5 (paperbound) isbn 978-952-5539-46-2 (pdf) issn 1458-106X The present report can be downloaded from the ENQA website at http://www.enqa.eu/pubs.lasso © European Association for Quality Assurance in Higher Education 2010, Helsinki Quotation allowed only with source reference. Cover design and page layout: Eija Vierimaa Edited by Nathalie Costes and Maria Stalter Helsinki, Finland, 2010 3 Table of contents Foreword ..............................................................................................................6 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 7 Chapter 1: Forces Shaping Postgraduate Education: Academic Credentials in a Global Context ..............................................................................................9 1.1. Introduction: The Changing Nature of Postgraduate Education ............................9 1.2. The Importance of High Level Knowledge Today .................................................10 The Knowledge Dividend ....................................................................................10 Promoting Knowledge Systems for Social Development .......................................10 Research and Higher Education: the Key Nexus ..................................................11 Major Challenges for Research and Postgraduate Education ............................... 12 1.3. International Strategies for Research Universities and Postgraduate Education ....14 Conclusion: Towards Worldwide Equity in Postgraduate Education .....................14 Chapter 2: Master and Doctoral Education in Europe: Key Challenges for Quality Assurance ................................................................18 Chapter 3: Quality Assurance at Doctoral Level: the case of England, UK .......... 21 3.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................21 3.2 The UK Doctorate ...............................................................................................21 3.3 A Changing Context ...........................................................................................22 3.4 The Code of practice section 1: postgraduate research programmes ....................23 3.5 Quality Assurance ..............................................................................................24 3.6 Challenges .........................................................................................................25 Chapter 4: Quality Assurance from the doctoral candidates’ and junior researchers’ perspective ..................................................................................... 27 4.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................27 4.2 Setting the stage – quality and doctoral education ..............................................27 4.3 Key factors in quality assurance of doctoral education from Eurodoc’s perspective .........................................................................................29 4.3.1 General factors.......................................................................................... 29 4.3.2 Factors at HEI level ...................................................................................30 4.3.3 Factors at Graduate/Doctoral/Research School level ..................................30 4.3.4 Factors at programme level ....................................................................... 30 Conclusion .................................................................................................................31 Chapter 5: The Postgraduate Students Mirror 2008, a survey in Sweden............ 32 5.1 Purpose of the survey .........................................................................................32 5.2 Doctoral students ...............................................................................................32 5.3 Result of the survey ............................................................................................ 33 4 5.3.1 Introduction to postgraduate studies ......................................................... 33 5.3.2 Professional development ..........................................................................34 5.3.3 Dialogue with supervisors .........................................................................35 5.3.4 Supervision in action ................................................................................ 36 5.3.5 Relevance of taught courses ...................................................................... 37 5.3.6 Refl ection and values ................................................................................ 37 5.3.7 Study environment ....................................................................................38 Final remarks ............................................................................................................ 39 Appendix............................................................................................................40 Chapter 6: Research Master’s Programmes in the Netherlands .......................... 41 Summary ...................................................................................................................41 6.1 NVAO .................................................................................................................41 6.2 Research Master’s Programmes: main features ....................................................41 6.3 Reasons for the introduction of RMPs ................................................................ 42 6.4 Number of programmes ..................................................................................... 42 6.5 External Quality Assurance ................................................................................42 6.5.1 Procedure .................................................................................................43 6.5.2 Criteria .....................................................................................................43 6.6 Student numbers ................................................................................................44 6.7 RMP and PhD ....................................................................................................44 Conclusion ................................................................................................................ 45 Chapter 7: Quality Assurance of Doctoral Education in Germany – Experiences, Standards and Challenges .............................................................46 7.1 Quality assurance (QA) of the third cycle in Germany ........................................46 7.2 ZEvA’s experience in accrediting PhD programmes .............................................46 7.3 Advantages for universities .................................................................................46 7.4 Challenges for the agency and its experts ........................................................... 47 7.5 ZEvA Standards for the accreditation of PhD programmes ..................................47 Chapter 8: Accreditation of doctoral schools in Hungary ................................... 50 8.1 Some fi gures ...................................................................................................... 50 8.2 Historical background and legal framework ........................................................51 8.2.1 Legal criteria ..............................................................................................51 8.2.2 HAC Criteria ............................................................................................52 8.3 The electronic doctoral database ........................................................................ 53 8.3.1 Data in the database ..................................................................................53 8.4 The 2007/2008 evaluation procedure ................................................................. 53 8.5 Some general observations and conclusions for the 2009 accreditation round .....54 8.6 The 2009 evaluation procedure .........................................................................