A Check-List and Identification Key for Succulent Plants in General Cultivation in Nairobi
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H3.3 Macaronesian Inland Cliff
European Red List of Habitats - Screes Habitat Group H3.3 Macaronesian inland cliff Summary The perennial vegetation of crevices and ledges of cliff faces in Macaronesia away from coastal salt-spray is of very diverse character - some, for example, dominated by succulents, others rich in ferns and bryophytes characteristic of shaded situations - and it includes several hundreds of taxa endemic to the archipelagoes. The main threats are mountaineering and rock climbing, outdoor sports and leisure activities, and construction of infrastructures such as roads and motorways. Synthesis There is no evidence of significant past reductions, either in the last 50 years or historically, and also future prospects are good, as no serious threats are envisaged, besides touristic/leisure activities and putative faulty environmental impact assessments that may overlook this habitat as valuable. Reduction in quantity, reduction in quality and criteria of geographic distribution yield the Least Concern (LC) category. In spite of the LC category, conservation policy and management should restrict to the maximum any threat to or reduction of the habitat, as it has a very high conservation value, because of high endemism of species and communities with many local and regional variaties. Overall Category & Criteria EU 28 EU 28+ Red List Category Red List Criteria Red List Category Red List Criteria Least Concern - Least Concern - Sub-habitat types that may require further examination Four general subtypes can be distinguished based on species composition and different ecological conditions. However, at present, no data are available to carry out an individual assessment of each of them. In the future, if detailed plot sampling has been carried out, such an evaluation may be possible. -
Graptopetalum Rusbyi by David Van Langen
Vol. 56, No. 6 November - December 2019 Graptopetalum rusbyi www.hcsstex.org by David Van Langen 1 Vol. 56, No. 6 November - December 2019 From the editor Karla Halpaap-Wood I want to thank everybody who contributed to this issue of the KK, especially Liliana for her article that will be published in several parts. I want to encourage all members to participate actively in the club. One way can be by sending pictures or articles for the KK. MEMBERSHIP KATHY FEWOX & JULY OLSON HCSS enjoyed a large turnout at the 2019 Show & Sale, held September 7 and 8. We gained eighteen new members! Joining our club are Laura and Eric Bank, Kristin Reyes, Monica Dupré, Yvonne A. Morris, Kingslea von Helms, Katrina and Val Cadena, Ellis Reyes-Montes, Sergio Menchu, Andrea Leger, Sarah Leger, Betty da Silva-Draud, Chaden Yafi, Jennifer Perry, Nichole Ridgway, Aditi Nabar, and Jesus Pineda. Everyone was impressive in their knowledge of cacti and succulents, and their enthusiasm for wanting to learn more. You will be wonderful additions to our club. Welcome, everyone! We had two door prizes at the Show & Sale. Chaden Yafi’s entry slip was drawn first, and she chose the beau- tiful Cereus peruvianus monstrose. Jesus Pineda won a very nice Aloe marlothii. Congratulations to both of them! Our monthly meeting on September 25 was attended by twenty members, including five members who had joined at the Show & Sale: Chaden Yafi, Monica Dupré, Betty da Silva-Draud, Jennifer Perry, and Jesus Pineda. Also joining us were three guests: Issam Sabri (Chaden Yafi’s mother), Susan Torney, and Paulette McNeese. -
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections
SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOLUME 61, NUMBER 1 THE WHITE RHINOCEROS With Thirty-one Plates EDMUND HELLER Naturalist, Smithsonian African Expedition Publication i 2180) CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION 1913 tt%t £or6 (gfafttmore <pvt36 S. A. BALTIMORE, MD. : C. THE WHITE RHINOCEROS By EDMUND HELLER Naturalist, Smithsonian African Expedition (With Thirty-one Plates) PREFACE The white rhinoceros is so imperfectly known that it has been thought advisable to publish, in advance of the complete report of the expedition, the results obtained from the study of the specimens of this species collected in the Sudan by the Smithsonian African Expe- 1 dition, under the direction of Colonel Roosevelt. In order to make this material available to zoologists generally, a series of photographs of the skull of each specimen collected has been added to the paper. This has been found necessary not only to illustrate the text, but in order to fill one of the gaps in the literature pertaining to African mammalogy. Up to the present time no photograph of a perfect skull of this rhinoceros has appeared in print. There have been a few figures published, but none showing structural details well. The present publication will do much to remedy this want, and will also, it is hoped, serve to put the species on a more logical systematic basis. In the present paper considerable emphasis has been placed on the really great structural differences which exist between the white rhi- noceros and the black, with which it has hitherto been generically con- founded under the name Diccros. -
Crassulaceae, Eurytoma Bryophylli, Fire, Invasions, Madagascar, Osphilia Tenuipes, Rhembastus Sp., Soil
B I O L O G I C A L C O N T R O L O F B R Y O P H Y L L U M D E L A G O E N S E (C R A S S U L A C E A E) Arne Balder Roderich Witt A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy JOHANNESBURG, 2011 DECLARATION I declare that this thesis is my own, unaided work. It is being submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. It has not been submitted before for any degree or any other examination in any other University. ______________________ ______ day of ______________________ 20_____ ii ABSTRACT Introduced plants will lose interactions with natural enemies, mutualists and competitors from their native ranges, and possibly gain interactions with new species, under new abiotic conditions in their new environment. The use of biocontrol agents is based on the premise that introduced species are liberated from their natural enemies, although in some cases introduced species may not become invasive because they acquire novel natural enemies. In this study I consider the potential for the biocontrol of Bryophyllum delagoense, a Madagascan endemic, and hypothesize as to why this plant is invasive in Australia and not in South Africa. Of the 33 species of insects collected on B. delagoense in Madagascar, three species, Osphilia tenuipes, Eurytoma bryophylli, and Rhembastus sp. showed potential as biocontrol agents in Australia. -
Aeonium Webb & Berthelot in Gibraltar
Comunicaciones 1 HE GENUS AEONIUM WEBB & BERTHELOT IN GIBRALTAR Brian M. Lamb /Conservador del Gibraltar Botanic Gardens The genus Aeonium Webb & Berthelot belongs to the family Crassulaceae often refered to as the Houseleek family. Some 32 species are endemic to the Canary Islands, two to the Cape Verde Islands, two to Madeira, one to Morocco and possibly today three on the other side of Africa from northem Kenya through to Arabia. The three species that can be seen in Gibraltar are: A. undulatum native to Gran Canaria A. haworthii native to Tenerife A. arboreum native to Morocco. The two Canarian Aeoniums have almost certainly been introduced by man, probably during the latter part of the 19th century, particularly A. ~indulatumwhich is usually only found as a cultivated plant grown only on a small scale. However, A. haworthii is to be found in a number of places in Gibraltar, as naturalised colonies growing from pockets or fissures in the limestone rock, particularly on the eastem side, southwards from Catalan Bay, while on the westem side a sizeable colony exists below Bleak House and a small one is now forming near Camp Bay, growing in association with native Sedum. A. haworthii seems to be quite a popular patio and verandah plant, as it is not a giant growing species, and has lovely red edged glaucous leaves. The flower colour is variable, from white or pale yellow through to rose-pink. The seeds ofAeonium are very small, as with most members of the family Crassulacease, produced in great abundance, and are easily distributed by the wind. -
Flora Alóctona De Las Islas Baleares
Departamento de Biología Departamento de Recursos Naturales Área de Botánica Grupo de Ecología Terrestre Flora alóctona de las Islas Baleares. Ecología de dos especies invasoras: Carpobrotus edulis & Carpobrotus aff. acinaciformis Memoria presentada por Eva Moragues Botey Para optar al grado de Doctor en Ciencias Biológicas por la Universitat de les Illes Balears Dr. Anna Traveset Vilaginés, Profesora de Investigación del CSIC, y Dr. Juan Rita Larrucea, Profesor Titular de Universidad del departamento de Biología en la Universitat de les Illes Balears, CERTIFICAN que la presente memoria titulada “Flora alóctona de las Islas Baleares. Ecología de dos especies invasoras: Carpobrotus edulis & Carpobrotus aff. acinaciformis”, que para aspirar al grado de Doctor en Ciencias Biológicas presenta Eva Moragues Botey, ha sido realizada bajo su dirección en el Laboratorio de Ecología Terrestre del Institut Mediterrani d’Estudis Avançats (CSIC-UIB) y en el Laboratorio de Botánica (Biología) de la Universitat de les Illes Balears. Y que, considerándola como concluida, autorizan su presentación a fin de que pueda ser juzgada por el tribunal correspondiente. Para que conste, expiden el presente certificado en Palma de Mallorca, a 21 de diciembre de 2005. Fdo. Dr. Anna Traveset Fdo. Dr. Juan Rita A mi marido y a mi hijo Jorge Agradecimientos Llegado el punto de los agradecimientos es mucha la gente con la que me siento en deuda por su ayuda y apoyo incondicional y no quisiera dejarme a nadie en el tintero. En primer lugar me gustaría dar las gracias al proyecto EPIDEMIE y especialmente a su directora, Anna Traveset, que ha financiado estos años de estudio y me ha introducido en el mundo de las plantas exóticas invasoras. -
Name: Echeveris - Mixed Varieties
Name: Echeveris - Mixed Varieties Echeveria is a large genus of succulents in the Crassulaceae family. They are native from Mexico to northwestern South America. The genus Echeveria is named after the 18th century Spanich botanist Atanasio Echeverria Codoy. Several of these species are outstanding garden plants. A large number offsets heavily and are given the common name of 'Hen and Chicks'. Most species grow in the shade and can take some frost. Hybrids tend to be less accomodating about their growing conditions. All the species are drought resistant, but they grow better with regular deep watering and fertilizing. They can be propagated with offsets, leaf cuttings, and if they are not hybrids, by seeds. Offsets is the easier way. Most species lose their lower leaves in winter. Depending on your level of humidity, these leaves are fertile ground for fungus that can then attack the plant. It is better to remove them regularly. Another consequence is that after a couple of years the plants look untidy. It is better to re-root the main rosette(s) and keep the rest of the plant for propagation. The Echeveria cactus is a rosette-forming succulent plant with foliage that comes in a variety of shapes and colors. The flowers appear on the top of stalks that grow from between the leaves The plant does not die after it has bloomed as do plants that have flowers which develop from the center growing point. Echeverias need bright light, heavy soil and excellent drainage. When grown in soilless mixes, they grow large and lush and lose their color and character. -
Checklist of the Vascular Alien Flora of Catalonia (Northeastern Iberian Peninsula, Spain) Pere Aymerich1 & Llorenç Sáez2,3
BOTANICAL CHECKLISTS Mediterranean Botany ISSNe 2603-9109 https://dx.doi.org/10.5209/mbot.63608 Checklist of the vascular alien flora of Catalonia (northeastern Iberian Peninsula, Spain) Pere Aymerich1 & Llorenç Sáez2,3 Received: 7 March 2019 / Accepted: 28 June 2019 / Published online: 7 November 2019 Abstract. This is an inventory of the vascular alien flora of Catalonia (northeastern Iberian Peninsula, Spain) updated to 2018, representing 1068 alien taxa in total. 554 (52.0%) out of them are casual and 514 (48.0%) are established. 87 taxa (8.1% of the total number and 16.8 % of those established) show an invasive behaviour. The geographic zone with more alien plants is the most anthropogenic maritime area. However, the differences among regions decrease when the degree of naturalization of taxa increases and the number of invaders is very similar in all sectors. Only 26.2% of the taxa are more or less abundant, while the rest are rare or they have vanished. The alien flora is represented by 115 families, 87 out of them include naturalised species. The most diverse genera are Opuntia (20 taxa), Amaranthus (18 taxa) and Solanum (15 taxa). Most of the alien plants have been introduced since the beginning of the twentieth century (70.7%), with a strong increase since 1970 (50.3% of the total number). Almost two thirds of alien taxa have their origin in Euro-Mediterranean area and America, while 24.6% come from other geographical areas. The taxa originated in cultivation represent 9.5%, whereas spontaneous hybrids only 1.2%. From the temporal point of view, the rate of Euro-Mediterranean taxa shows a progressive reduction parallel to an increase of those of other origins, which have reached 73.2% of introductions during the last 50 years. -
Camel Forage Variety in the Karamoja Sub-Region, Uganda
Salamula et al. Pastoralism: Research, Policy and Practice (2017) 7:8 Pastoralism: Research, Policy DOI 10.1186/s13570-017-0080-6 and Practice RESEARCH Open Access Camel forage variety in the Karamoja sub- region, Uganda Jenipher Biira Salamula1*, Anthony Egeru1,2, Daniel Knox Aleper3 and Justine Jumba Namaalwa1 Abstract Camels have the potential to increase the resilience of pastoral communities to the impacts of climate variability and change. Despite this potential, there is limited documentation of the camel forage species, their availability and distribution. The study was conducted in Karamoja sub-region in Uganda and involved assessment of vegetation with intent to characterize the range of forage species available for camels in the region. The camel grazing area was stratified based on land cover types, namely woodland, bushland, grassland and farmland using the Amudat and Moroto district vegetation maps. Vegetation plots measuring 20 m × 20 m were mapped out among the land cover types where species identification was undertaken. In addition, a cross-sectional survey involving 52 camel herders was used to document the camel forage species preferences. Shannon and Simpson diversity indices as well as the Jaccard coefficient were used to measure the species richness, relative abundance, diversity and plant community similarities among the land cover types. Results showed high species richness and diversities in the bushland and woodland land cover types. Plant communities in the woodland and bushlands were found to be more similar. A wide range of plant species were reported to be preferred by camels in the study area, that is 63 in Amudat and 50 in Moroto districts. -
Chapter 6 Investigation Into the Subfamily Ruschioideae
Chapter 6 Investigation into the subfamily Ruschioideae 6.1 Introduction Within South Africa’s largest succulent plant family, the Mesembryanthemaceae, two subfamilies are currently recognised: the Mesembryanthemoideae and the Ruschioideae. 1,2,3 The subfamily of the Ruschioideae is the larger of the two subfamilies, comprising approximately 101 genera and 1563 species, and thus constituting around 85% of the Aizoaceae. 4 On the basis of several morphological characters this subfamily has been considered to form a monophyletic group, which is supported by the molecular data shown by molecular systematics. 5 The subfamilies Mesembryanthemoideae and Ruschioideae are both almost endemic to southern Africa, members of the two subfamilies often share similar habitats, and the distribution area of the two subfamilies coincides largely. 5 As a result of these facts and literature reports of members of the Ruschioideae being utilised for ethnomedicinal purposes, a brief investigation into the subfamily of the Ruschioideae was included in this study. 6.2 Literature Review The Mesembryanthemaceae is highly under-investigated with respect to the alkaloids present within the family as well as the distribution of the alkaloids within the genera and subfamilies. 2 In 1998, Smith et al. investigated selected taxa of the Mesembryanthemaceae for the distribution of mesembrane alkaloids. 6 In their studies, Smith and colleagues investigated Sceletium tortuosum , Aptenia cordifolia and kougoed, as well as several species of Ruschiodeae, namely Bergeranthus scapiger , Delosperma minimum and seven other species of Delosperma, Drosanthemum hispidum , D. bicolour , Glottiphyllum longum , 80 Lampranthus aureus , L. spectabilis , L. roseus , L. blandus , L. coccineus , L. deltoides , and Ruschia lineolata . They analysed extracts of Sceletium tortuosum on a GC/MS, and recorded the retention times as well as the spectra for three of the mesembrane alkaloids present in the extracts. -
TAXON:Euphorbia Makallensis S. Carter SCORE:1.0
TAXON: Euphorbia makallensis S. SCORE: 1.0 RATING: Low Risk Carter Taxon: Euphorbia makallensis S. Carter Family: Euphorbiaceae Common Name(s): hamat kolkwal Synonym(s): sausage plant Assessor: Chuck Chimera Status: Assessor Approved End Date: 16 Mar 2021 WRA Score: 1.0 Designation: L Rating: Low Risk Keywords: Low Shrub, Succulent, Spiny, Toxic Sap, Full Sun Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? 103 Does the species have weedy races? Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 n Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or 204 y=1, n=0 y subtropical climates Does the species have a history of repeated introductions 205 y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 ? outside its natural range? 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2), n= question 205 n 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) y 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 y 402 Allelopathic 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals 405 Toxic to animals y=1, n=0 y 406 Host for recognized pests and pathogens 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans y=1, n=0 y 408 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems y=1, n=0 n 409 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle y=1, n=0 n Creation Date: 16 Mar 2021 (Euphorbia makallensis S. -
Plethora of Plants - Collections of the Botanical Garden, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb (2): Glasshouse Succulents
NAT. CROAT. VOL. 27 No 2 407-420* ZAGREB December 31, 2018 professional paper/stručni članak – museum collections/muzejske zbirke DOI 10.20302/NC.2018.27.28 PLETHORA OF PLANTS - COLLECTIONS OF THE BOTANICAL GARDEN, FACULTY OF SCIENCE, UNIVERSITY OF ZAGREB (2): GLASSHOUSE SUCCULENTS Dubravka Sandev, Darko Mihelj & Sanja Kovačić Botanical Garden, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 9a, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia (e-mail: [email protected]) Sandev, D., Mihelj, D. & Kovačić, S.: Plethora of plants – collections of the Botanical Garden, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb (2): Glasshouse succulents. Nat. Croat. Vol. 27, No. 2, 407- 420*, 2018, Zagreb. In this paper, the plant lists of glasshouse succulents grown in the Botanical Garden from 1895 to 2017 are studied. Synonymy, nomenclature and origin of plant material were sorted. The lists of species grown in the last 122 years are constructed in such a way as to show that throughout that period at least 1423 taxa of succulent plants from 254 genera and 17 families inhabited the Garden’s cold glass- house collection. Key words: Zagreb Botanical Garden, Faculty of Science, historic plant collections, succulent col- lection Sandev, D., Mihelj, D. & Kovačić, S.: Obilje bilja – zbirke Botaničkoga vrta Prirodoslovno- matematičkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu (2): Stakleničke mesnatice. Nat. Croat. Vol. 27, No. 2, 407-420*, 2018, Zagreb. U ovom članku sastavljeni su popisi stakleničkih mesnatica uzgajanih u Botaničkom vrtu zagrebačkog Prirodoslovno-matematičkog fakulteta između 1895. i 2017. Uređena je sinonimka i no- menklatura te istraženo podrijetlo biljnog materijala. Rezultati pokazuju kako je tijekom 122 godine kroz zbirku mesnatica hladnog staklenika prošlo najmanje 1423 svojti iz 254 rodova i 17 porodica.