Index

A Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), 216 Abel Assessment for Sexual Interest (AASI), 189 Child-centered play therapy, 151 ADHD. See Attention-deficit/hyperactivity Childhood onset (COS) disorder age at onset, 205–206 Adolescent Cognitions Scale (ACS), 188–189 assessment of Adolescent Sexual Interest Cardsort (ASIC), 189 behavioral history, 212–213 Affective regulation theory diagnostic stability, 214 intermittent explosive disorder, 147 physical evaluation, 212 , 138 positive and negative symptoms, 213 , 129 psychiatric evaluation, 211–212 Almighty Latin King and Queen Nation psychological evaluation, 212 (ALKQA), 100 structured interviews, 213 American Professional Society on the Abuse dopamine hypothesis, 208 of Children (APSAC), 55 DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria, 204–205 American Psychiatric Association, 37 educational intervention, 218 Animal-reared children, 85 environmental risk factors, 211 APSAC. See American Professional Society gender differences, 206 on the Abuse of Children genetic risk factors, 208–209 Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder late 1800s and early 1900s, 202–203 (ADHD), 1 mid-1900s, 203 Attenuated Psychotic Symptoms Syndrome, 219 outcome and prognosis of, 218–219 Atypically reared children, 85 pharmacological intervention Automatic hair-pulling, 127–128 antipsychotic medications, 214–216, Aversion therapy, 141 219–220 ethnic and gender differences, 216 placebo treatment, 216–217 B premorbid behavioral indicators, 207 Behavior therapy, 42–43 prenatal exposures Biofeedback therapy, 151 diabetes, 209 Borderline (BPD) influenza, 209–210 impulsive aggression, 148 prevalence rate of, 205 nonsuicidal self-injury, 229, 230, 241 psychotherapeutic treatment, 217–218 structural brain abnormalities, 207–208 subtypes of, 204–205 C symptoms of, 201 Catatonic schizophrenia, 205 unsystematic and systematic, 203–204 CBT. See Cognitive-behavioral therapy Childhood prostitution, 183

S.C. Dombrowski et al., Assessing and Treating Low Incidence/High Severity 247 Psychological Disorders of Childhood, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-9970-2, © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 248 Index

Children’s mental health F DSM-IV TR diagnostic criteria, 3 by proxy (FDBP), 55 gender variance, 2 Family therapy psychodynamic/psychoanalytic juvenile firesetters, 20 perspective, 3 , 176 CIS. See Clinical interview schedule FDBP. See Factitious disorder by proxy Clinical interview schedule Feral children (CIS), 60 animal-like behavior, 84 Clozapine, 215–216 assessment Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) social-emotional evaluation, 88 intermittent explosive disorder, 150 speech delays, 87 juvenile sex offender conceptual continuum, 81 cognitive restructuring, 193 description and diagnosis combined cognitive-behavioral atypically reared children, 85 approach, 193 confinement, 86 covert desensitization, 192–193 limited human contact, 86 goals, 191 quadruped locomotion, 84 satiation therapy, 192 tetrapus, 84 kleptomania, 140 wilderness isolation, 85 selective mutism, 175–176 DSM-IV TR, 86–87 trichotillomania, 132 etiological hypotheses and theoretical youth gangs, 116 frameworks, 88 (CD) functional impairments, 83 impulsive aggression, 147–148 isolated children, 82 juvenile firesetters, 7 prevalence and incidence, 87 juvenile sexual offender, 184 prognostic factors, 90–91 youth gangs, 106–107 treatment and intervention COS. See Childhood onset schizophrenia developmental delays, 89 Covert video surveillance (CVS), 69 pharmacological interventions, 90 Cross-dressing, 32 socialization, 89 CVS. See Covert video surveillance FHS. See Firesetting history screen Fire safety education, 18 Firesetting history screen (FHS), 15 D Focused hair-pulling, 127–128 paranoides, 202 Diabetes, 209 Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), 240 G Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), 153 Gang Membership Inventory, 107 Disorganized schizophrenia, 204–205 Gang Prevention through Targeted Dopamine, 208 Outreach (GPTTO), 115 Gang Resistance Education and Training (G.R.E.A.T), 115 E Gender identity disorder (GID) Educational Munchausen syndrome by proxy accommodation approach, 28 (EMSBP), 66 assessment Elective mutism, 164 clinical rating form, 40–41 Estimate of Risk of Adolescent Sexual GIQ, 39 Offense Recidivism (ERASOR), interview, 41 189–190 psychometric limitations, 39 Externalizing disorders, selective mutism, controversy 170–171 accommodation, 28–29 Extrapyramidal syndrome (EPS), 215 psychological intervention, 29–30 Index 249

cross-dressing, 32 assessment of, 147–149 developmental course, 33–34 biological models, 145–146 DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, 31 diagnosis and description, 144–145 DSM-V early life experiences, 147 gender incongruence, 38–39 history of, 143 etiological hypotheses and theoretical information-processing theory, frameworks 146–147 behavior genetics, 36 pharmacological treatment, 149 molecular genetics, 36–37 prognosis of, 151–152 prenatal sex hormones, 35–36 psychosocial interventions, 149–151 social-cultural context, 37 kleptomania gender atypicality and homosexuality, assessment of, 139 34–35 aversion therapy, 141 GID display behaviors, 31 behavioral interruption and control, identity statements, 32 141–142 peer relations, 33 biological models, 138 prevalence, 31 cognitive-behavioral approach, 140 prevention and intervention, 41–42 covert sensitization, 140–141 social ostracism, 27 diagnosis and description, 136–137 toy and role play, 33 environmental models, 138 transgender community, 27 history of, 135–136 treatment modalities pharmacological treatment, 140 behavior therapy, 42–43 prognosis, 142 group therapy, 44–45 systematic desensitization, 141 preferred gender, 45–46 treatment planning, 142 psychoanalysis, 43–44 neurocircuit deficiencies, 152–153 psychotherapy, 45 in pediatric populations, 152 Gender identity interview for children (GIIC), trichotillomania 39 assessment of, 129–131 Gender identity questionnaire (GIQ), 39 biological models, 128 Goldsteins’s hyperadolescence theory, 111 description and diagnosis, 125–128 Group therapy environmental models, 129 gender identity disorder, 44–45 history of, 125 juvenile sex offender, 194 pharmacological treatment, 131–132 prognosis of, 134–135 psychosocial interventions, 132–134 H Impulsive stealing. See Kleptomania Habit reversal training (HRT), 132–133 Influenza, 209–210 Hair-pulling disorder. See Trichotillomania Information-processing theory, 146–147 Homosexuality, 34–35 Insight-oriented psychotherapy, 150 Hypertrichosis, 84 Intermittent explosive disorder (IED) assessment of, 147–149 biological models I genetics, 145–146 ICD. See Impulse control disorders neurobiology, 146 IED. See Intermittent explosive disorder diagnosis and description, 144–145 Impulse control disorders (ICD) history of, 143 definition and description, 124–125 pharmacological treatment, 149 DSM-V, 153 prognosis of, 151–152 history of, 124 psychosocial interventions intermittent explosive disorder biofeedback therapy, 151 affective regulation theory, 147 CBT, 150 250 Index

Intermittent explosive disorder (IED) ERASOR, 190 (cont.) J-SOAP-II, 189–190 child-centered play therapy, 151 , 188 insight-oriented psychotherapy, 150 pletysmography, 190, 191 relaxation therapy, 150–151 polygraphy, 190 psychosocial models self-report instruments, 188–189 affective regulation theory, 147 description and classification, 184 early life experiences, 147 etiology information-processing theory, 146–147 culture, 187–188 family dysfunction, 185–186 individual characteristics, 186 J pornography exposure, 186–187 Juvenile firesetters prior history of sexual abuse, 185 assessment and evaluation sexual assault cycle, 185 child’s firesetting behavior, 15 substance use, 187 firesetting incident analysis, 15 history of, 183–184 youth’s firesetting history, 14 prevention and intervention, 191 description and diagnostic classification treatment DSM-IV, 8 cognitive-behavioral therapy, 191–193 DSM-V, 8 group therapy, 194 psychological typology, 7 multisystemic therapy, 193–194 youth characteristics, 7 relapse prevention model, 194 etiological hypotheses and theoretical therapists, 195 frameworks Juveniles Sex Offender Assessment dynamic-behavioral formulation, 10 Protocol-II (J-SOAP-II), 189–190 firesetting behaviors, 11 social-learning model, 11 fire interest, 9 K firesetting, 10 Kleptomania firestarting, 9–10 age of onset, 137 prevention and intervention assessment of, 139 fire service collaboration, 17 aversion therapy, 141 multidisciplinary approach, treatment, behavioral interruption and control, 16–17 141–142 screening instruments, 16 biological models, 138 psychoanalytic interpretation, 6 cognitive-behavioral approach, 140 psychological intervention covert sensitization, 140–141 family therapy, 20 definition, 136 hospitalization and residential treat- environmental models, 138 ment facilities, 20 history of, 135–136 psychopharmacology, 20–21 individuals, 136 psychotherapy, 19 pharmacological treatment, 140 recidivism, 21 prevalence rates of, 137 pyromania, 6 prognosis, 142 social-cognitive processing deficits, 5 related disorders, 137 treatment modalities, 18 systematic desensitization, 141 typologies treatment planning, 142 crisis firesetters (definite risk), 13 curiosity firesetters (low risk), 12–13 delinquent firesetting (definite risk), M 13–14 Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory pathological firesetting (extreme risk), 14 (MCMI-II), 169–170 Juvenile sex offenders Mononoamine oxidase A (lMAOA), 110 assessment of Munchhausen syndrome by proxy (MSBP) AASI, 189 abdominal symptoms, 54 Index 251

assessment functional approach burden of proof, 69–70 affect regulation, 233–234 child characteristics, 68 automatic vs. social and reinforcement, illness fabrication, 67 234 misdiagnosis, 67 drive model, 233 perpetrator’s behavior, 70 environmental model, 233 physical symptoms, 68 interpersonal model, 234 warning signs, 67 syndromal approach, 235 child abuse, 53 indirect self-injurious behaviors, 226 confrontation, caregiver, 71 pain pathways, 235 description and diagnostic classification partial-mutilation, 226 factitious disorder, 55–56 prevalence rates of, 231–232 mental disorders, 57–58 prevention program Rosenberg’s diagnostic criteria, 57 education program, 242 warning signs, 56–57 signs of self-injury program, 242–243 educational context self-mutilation, 226 EMSBP, 66 treatment and intervention independent psychopharmacological dialectical behavior therapy, 240 assessments, 65 narrative therapy, 240–241 special education services, 64 psychodynamic therapy, 240 etiological hypotheses and theoretical psychopharmacology, 241–242 frameworks suicidal ideation, 243–244 attention-seeking behaviors, 59 maternal psychological and psychiatric histories, 59–60 O parent/child relationship, 62–63 Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency parent/professional relationship, Prevention (OJJDP), 102 61–62 perpetrators, characteristics of, 61 psychopathology, 58 P hemorrhagic symptoms, 54 Paranoid schizophrenia, 204–205 medical context, 63–64 Paraphilias, 188 neurological symptoms, 54 Partial-mutilation, 226 prevalence, 58 PAS. See Personality assessment schedule prognostic factors, 76 PCF. See Pediatric condition falsification protective custody, placement, 71–72 Pediatric condition falsification (PCF), 55 therapeutic intervention Personality assessment schedule (PAS), 60 child therapy, 73 Physiogamy, 110 couple therapy, 73 Plethysmography, 190 educational MSBP, 74 Pornography, 186–187 mother therapy, 72 Psychodynamic therapy, 240 narrative family therapy, 73–74 Psychoeducational therapy psychotherapy, 75 childhood onset schizophrenia, 217–218 trichotillomania, 134 N Pyromania, 6 Narrative therapy, 240–241 National Fire Protection Association, 18 Neuregulin 1 (NRG1), 208–209 R Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) Reinforcement theory, 129 assessment of, 236–239 Relaxation therapy categories of, 228 intermittent explosive disorder, description, 227–228 150–151 direct behaviors, 226 trichotillomania, 133–134 DSM-IV TR diagnostic criteria, 229–231 Residual schizophrenia, 205 252 Index

S selective mutism, 175 Satiation therapy, 192 Systematic schizophrenia, 203–204 Selective mutism (SM) assessment of interview schedule, 172–173 T language and speech, 173 Transgender community psychoeducational assessment, 173 accommodation approach, 28 behavioral interventions DSM-IV TR, 37 contingency management, 174 gender variance, 28 multimodal intervention, 174 Trauma self-modeling, 175 childhood onset schizophrenia, 211 systematic desensitization, 175 selective mutism, 168–169 cognitive-behavioral therapy, 175–176 trichotillomania, 129 description and diagnostic classification Trichotillomania (TTM) age of onset, 166 affective regulation theory, 129 DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria, 165 assessment ethnicity, 166 cultural factors, 130 prevalence rate of, 165–166 DSM-IV TR criteria, 129–130 socioeconomic status, 167 functional assessment, 131 etiological hypotheses rating scales, 130 behavioral theory, 167–168 biological models, 128 dysfunctional family relationships, 168 cognitive-behavioral theory, 129 externalizing disorders, 170–171 description and diagnosis genetic vulnerabilities, 169–170 age of onset, 125–126 oppositional behavior, 170–171 automatic hair-pulling, 127–128 psychodynamic theory, 167 compulsive and impulsive behavior, , 171–172, 179 127 trauma, 168–169 definition, 125 family therapy intervention, 176 focused hair-pulling, 127–128 history of, 164 hair-pulling, 126–127 patients outcome and prognosis, 177–178 prevalence rates of, 126 pharmacotherapy, 176–177 tension-relief requirement, 127 pop culture references, 163 history of, 125 Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors prognosis of, 134–135 (SSRIs) reinforcement theory, 129 selective mutism, 177 relapse prevention training, 135 trichotillomania, 131 trauma, 129 Self-injurious behavior. See Nonsuicidal treatment and intervention self-injury antipsychotics, 131 Self-modeling, 175 anxiolytic agents, 131 Signs of self-injury program (SOSI), atypical neuroleptics and opioid block- 242–243 ers, 131–132 SM. See Selective mutism cognitive-behavioral therapy, 132 Social disorganization theory, 109 habit reversal training, 132–133 Socialized conduct disorder, 106–107 psychoeducation, 134 Social learning theory, 111 relaxation training, 133–134 Speech delays, 87 SSRIs, 131 Strain theory, 109 stimulus control procedures, 133 Structured Clinical Interview for Kleptomania tricyclic anti-depressants, 131 (SCI-K), 139 TTM. See Trichotillomania Suicidal ideation, 243–244 Suicidality, 238 Symbiotic attachment, 168 U Systematic desensitization Undifferentiated schizophrenia, 205 kleptomania, 141 Unsystematic schizophrenia, 203–204 Index 253

Y personality theory, 112 Youth gangs social disorganization theory, 109 African American gangs, 98 social learning theory, 111 assessment approaches, 106–107 strain theory, 109 black gangs, 97 legal and justice perspective, 96 description and diagnostic classification North America conduct disorder, 102 ALKQA, 100 ethnicity, 103–104 bloods, 99–100 gang banger, 102 crips, 99 gender, 104–105 Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13), 100–101 leaving a gang, 105–106 psychological and sociological OJJDP, 102 factors, 113 prevalence/incidence, 103 sociological problems, 96 self-nomination, 101 treatment/intervention economic disadvantage, 97 cognitive-behavioral intervention, 116 etiological hypotheses and theoretical community prevention programs, frameworks 114–115 biological theories, 110–111 counseling service, 116 causal model, 112–113 gang reduction strategy, 116 Goldsteins’s hyperadolescence theory, OJJDP’s comprehensive gang model, 111 114 juvenile delinquency and gang pharmacological treatment, 117 involvement, 108–109 social interventions, 115 National Gang Center, 107 white gangs, 98