'. ..
1894.· ~ -. GONGRESSI_ONAL ' RECORD-SEN:ATE~ · 60.49 -
.-Mr- .. -PERKINS. I ask the Senator from Missouri if it is not no doubt truly, by a responsible party, the consul-general of now advisable to strike out pa~agraph 213a? · · . Greece, shows that we ought not to make this discrimination -Mr; VEST. I am obliged to the Senator from California. I against that important product of Greece, the only thing we im- had intended to make the motion to strike out the present par- port from that country. - agraph 213a and make the next paragraph 213a. · - · As the vote has already been taken, I do not care tO move to Mr. ALLISON. The effect of that will be- simply to put cur- reconsider, because I hope Senators on -the other side having · rants under the general clause of 20 per cent. · the matter in charge will correct it. . Mr. WHITE. No; it will not. There is no similitude in the use or cost of Zante currants and Mr. PERKINS. No; it will make currants H cents a pound. raisins. Raisins are worth 2, 3, 4, or 5 cents a pound; and the Mr. ALLISON. The Senator refers to the words" including raisins of California are very beautiful, probably the best raisins Zante currants" in paragraph 217. I understand that currants in the world. I have seen specimens of those raisins which are al'e 20 per cent ad valorem in paragraph 213a, and Zante cur equal to any produced in the world. To make such achan~e in rants in paragraph 217 are a cent and a half a poun,d . th~ ~uty on this article, which does not really compete with the . Mr. PERKINS. By striking out paragraph 213a, Zan~ cur ralSms of _ou!' own country,·seems to me at least extortionate, rants will be left at a cent and a half a pound. Zante currant is and I thmk 1t ought to be corrected. I should have no objec the commercial name for almost all the currants-which come tion, however, to putting a reasonable rate, an ordinary ad va from the L evant, from Turkey, and from Greece. 1 think the lorem rate, on raisins; but to·apply a specific rate to these- two word. " Zante" should be stricken out, and the word "dried" articles, which differ so widely in value, raisins being worth at substituted therefor. That would embrace all varieties of cur le~t four or five times as much as Zante currants, is not just to rants. a friendly country, especially to a small country which has an Mr. ALLISON. I am not sure whether that would p\lt them increasing commerce with our own. on the free list or in the basket clause at 20 per cent ad valorem, I hope Senators will take the matte1· under consideration so because the designation" Zantecurrants" only includes one kind that it may be called up again when the bill is reported to the of currants. I care nothing about it. I am willing to put them Senate. I call attention to it now, but shall not put the Senate on the free list, or to make them all half a cent a pound. to the trouble of taking a vote upon it. Mr. PERKINS. Does the Senator 'desire to ·make them all .Mr. WHITE. Mr. President, if the Senator from Ohio.[Mr. - half a cent a pound? SHERMAN] had been here when the subject wasbeingdiscussed, Mr: ALLISON. Whether green or dried. he would have known that some of the stg,tements he has made Mr. SHERMAN. If the Senator from Missouri proposes to are not correct. The statement that there are no Zante cur strike out clause 213a, I shall have something to say about it. rants raised in California and that this a,rticle does not come in If he leaves it as it is, after the vote just taken, I shall S!l.Y no direct competition is not true, whether it ia made by a man more about it. What is the question now pending~ from Greece or a man from anywhere else. This is acontest be The VICE-PRESIDENT. 'r-he Senator from Missouri wilr tween California and Greece, upon which the great protectionist please state his proposition. of the .United States, the Senator from Ohio, is on the side of Mr. VEST. I move to strike out paragraph 213a, lines 8 and Greece. I have voted for a duty upon iron ora; I expect to vote 9, on page 48, and to make the next paragraph 213a instead of for a small duty upon coal. I am sorry that I shall do so-- 213b. Several SENATORS. How about lumber? Mr. SHERMAN. On that motion I desire to submit some re Mr. WHITE. We shall see about that hereafter. marks. The Senator from Ohio is very glad to avail himself of the aid Mr. FRYE. Does the Senator from Missouri intend to place of such votes as may tend to givelprotection to the industries of currants anywhere else in the bill? · his State; but when California,·away over across the mountains, Mr. VEST. Of coursetheywillcomeunderthe basket clause. is interested and asks for a duty, which is less than at any time It does not change the duty. ~ heretofore has been imposed upon this iruit, and which also, Mr. SHERMAN. Mr. President, the vote taken when I was by the way, yielded a large revenue, we find ·the Senator here absent temporarily fixing a duty of H cents a pound on Zante talking about the poor man. The Senator from Ohio, and those currants seems to me a gross injustice to a country with which who are to-day talking as he is talking, have been, I suppose, we have considerable commerce, and with which we have an in- solicitous for the interests of the poor man when they formulated creasing commerce. - · a bill prescribing prohibitory tariff rates. I have some facts, which I have received· from the represent A cent and a half a pound upon all dried currants will be. no atives of that Government in respect to Zante currants. If the prohibition, as the experience of the country has shown. The statements are true-and I have no doubt theyare, because they duty upon raisins, no matter at what you put it, affords but com are verified from the market quotations in the city oi NewYork paratively asmallamountof revenue, and absolutely none of that it is a grossly outrageous duty on what is commonly called the protection, about which the Senator has so often talked, to the raisin of the poor. The statement I have shows conclusively raisin industry of California. · thatZante currants are now quoted in the market of New York I desire to say to my friend, the SenatorfromNewHampshire at about H cents a pound. This, therefore, would be a duty of [Mr. CHANDLER]-who spoke sometime ago, and whose remarks 125 per cent upon Zante currants, which are imported in large are so facetious, I understand, that he is unable to publish them in quantities, and which are used mainly by the poor people in his own paper-when he states thati n my canvass in California their puddings, etc., as a substitute for raisins. Large quanti I ever said anything on this subject different from that which I ties of currants of that kind are imported. I shall read what is state hera, is also making a declaration which would not lo said here in a communicg,tion which I have before me: well published in his newspaper, which I suppose, without a CONSULATE-GENERAL OF GREECE, lent stretcli of the imagination, may be called truthful. 33 SOUTH WIL"LLA.M STREET Mr. FEYE. · What is the question before the Senate? Ne·IJ!. York, May 12, 18Y4. Mr. WHITE. To strike out paragraph 213a . Sm: ·rn the tariff amendments just presented in the United States Senate (article 217), I notice that a duty of li cents per pound is put on Zante cur Mr. SHERMAN. I had the pleasure of hearing most of what .rants, which are produced exclusively in Greece. the Senator from California said in his previous speech, al This enormous duty 1s equivalent to 125 per cent ad valorem, the average though I was called out during a portion of the time. I say price or currants in Greece being about 1i cents per pound. They are sell1Iig now in New York from lito lt cents per pound. there is no such duty in the .McKinley law-- zante currants, now on the free list, are taxed 10 per cent ad valorem by Mr. WHITE. Will the Senator allow me? the Iiouse blll. In the Senate blll the duty was increased to 20 per cent; then Mr. SHERMAN. Let me get through. the Finance Commlttee increased it to 30 per cent, and nowin the amended bill a speclfic duty of It cents per pound is put thereon, equal to 125per cent Mr. WHITE. Very well. ad valorem, . · . Mr. SHERMAN. This rate of 125 per cent on an article wl:rich And yet it is a fact that Zante currants do not come into competition with does not directly compete with the raisins of California does not a.ny product of this country. A stnall raisin produced in California has nothing whatever to do with the Zante currants of Greece. seem necessary. We only demand justice. We do not compete with your products. We Mr. WHITE. That is an extraordinary statement. buy in the United States every gallon of petroleum that is consumed in Greece, as well as all our agricultural implements, and yet it is proposed to Mr. SHERMAN. Under the McKinley act these currants tax at the enormous rate of 125 per cent the only article that Greece sends were admitted free. Why? Because they did not come in com to this country. · petition with the raisins of this country. The raisin is quite a The whole tarilf does not offer a second example like this, viz: Take an arlicle trom the free list and tax it 125 percent. Is thisnotagreatinjustice different article, an article .consumed mainly by the rich. The ~one to a frlendly country, and wlll it not a.frect the promising trade which Zante currant is consumed by the poor. Here is a discrimina WAs just being developed between the two countries? tion, which is not made in any other article on this list. It id Very respectfully, D. N. BOTASSI, an outrageous tax upon a popular article of food; and I think Con3ul- General of Greece. there is nothing like it in any tariff act. That we should pro ilon. JOHN SHERMAN, tect California raisins, which are cheerfully purchased at 3!" to United Stat's Senate. 6 cents a pound, and put the ss.me tax upon articles which are It seems to me that this statement which is made, and I4~ve sold here in the market at H cents a -po~nd, is unjust and wrong, XXVI-379
\ 6050 CONGRESSIONAL REOORD-SENATE.. JUNE 9,
I do not care who it is for, whether for the rich or the- poor, or Mr. 'CHANDLER. The Seno.tor's.colleaO'ueis now arrangin" wb.ethe:rt it is from Greece or my own country. - the matter with the Senator from Missouri. o I feel bound, in representing the people of the United States, Mr. ALDRICH .. I shall be glad to know if the Senator from to do justice to every country and to deal with all foreigncoun Missouri is going to accept the amendment. tries alike. The making of a discriminating duti of this kind Mr. TELLER. Mr. President, it seems to me we have been against a comparatively poor nation like Greece, will not, I wasting a good deal.of time over the currant businesa. There think, be approved by the American people, anywhere, whether are at least 200,000 square miles of the United States adapted to rich or poor. the growth of these currants, which can be raised in Western I think, therefore, a reasonable rate should be put UJ)On this Colorado, and in most parts of New Mexico, Arizona and Cali article, at least flufficient to furnish some revenue. Ten or for~ except in the high regions. If we protect 'anything, twenty per cent would hea high rate-. Ihadratherhave a speci there 1a no rea.son why we should not protect this class of prod fic duty, andasmall rate orduty, I think, one-fourth of a.cent a uct. It seems to me, after we have passed upon and decided it, pound would be ample; that'would be 25 per cent on this article, it is a considerable waste of time to have this discussion. but-. to carry the· doctrine of protection tothe extentthe Senator Mr. CHANDLER. The Senator from California on the other from California does, 1 think, is an exaggeration. It is placing side of the Chamber.[Mr. WHITE], with that kindness and cour 125 per cent on a cheap article of food. tesy and thoughtfulness which characterize him, informed me a The people of Califot•nia do not ne-ed such a protection. If ShOTt time ago that if I remained in the Chamber he should ac they can raise Zante currants in competition with Greece, they cuse me of being a prevaricator. r·have been in a good deal of will have to sell them in the market at one cent and a quarter. trepidation since that time. I have been called a T.he.rsites and You can not compete with the Zante currant. It is only raised a theorist; and I do not know of those two accusations which is in Greece, and there is a difference, I am told, between the-Zante the. more grave. To be c.alled a prevaricator by the Senator currant and the small raisin produced in California. These gen from California set me thinking of what time I had, at this tlemen speak of that difference, and say the two articles do not period of my life, sullied my soul by.an untruth. compete with each other in any respect whatever. I could not think in advance of the Senator's remarks to what Mr. WHITE, Weraisethe Zantecurrantitselfi.n.California; he referred, but it seems now that he says, ifT.desire to convey Mr. SHERMAN. These gentleman deny that. the impression to the Senate that he spoke differently in Cali Mr. WHITE. Then they do not tell the-truth, for I have some fornia on the stump from what he speaks now, I am incorrect. of them here, and have seen them growing. I understand that this charge, which frightened me-so much, Mr. SHEHMAN. Perhaps the consul-general o~ Greece should of being a prevaricator, ia reduced to this, that if-and there is know as much about that matter qf fact as the Senator from Cal- much virtue in " if," as we all know-i( I charged the Senator ifornja. - with having spoken differently in California oa th.e stump from Mr. WHITE. I would ask the. Senator how that can be, when what he speaks in this Chamber, then I am mistaken, then I am
th.e consul-general is in Greece and I have been in Cali:for:nia, untruthful1 then Lam a.. prevaricator. and aonsequently know that he does not tell the truth. I understood long ago that the Senator from Ca:lifornia, when .Mr. SHERMAN. The Senator has not compared the Zante he stumped the· State in behalioi the Democratic party in the currant of Greece with the Zante currant of California. The recent canva.ss, and bafore lie was elected to the Senate, advo consul-genaTal of _Greece, who is here and has been living in cated free traae; that ne made what wero called free-trade this country, I think would probably know more about that than speeches. all over the State. That is all I said~ except that I the Senator, notwithstanding his knowledge extends to a great have said that he is now here advocating a duty on Zante cur multitude of things. rants.raised. in O.aliforni.a. Lam informed, Mr. President, that Mr. PERKINS. The Senator from Ohio is cer.tainly mis that was precisely the exception that he .made on the stump. taken when he says.thatthese_edless.raisinoi Calilorniadoesnot He pr_eachedfree_trade all over Califoxn.ia, but when he struck compete with the Zante currant, so called in commercial terms. a fruit country he sara, "Of cours-e these are m.y sentiments; We from California know whereof we speak, and the Muscatel, bu.t. still a little duty once in a whlle on fruit will not be ob the .Zinfadel, and the Thompson seedless raisin, and several jectionable (laughter)· and you understand that I shall put no other varieties, are the same variety which is grown in Greece obstacle in the way ofan exc.ep_tion to this doctrine which I am under the name of the Zante currant. As I have endeavored to preaching which-"\cill help your frnit a little in California; for show, without quoting from the different lexicons, what may be of course California is destined to be the great fruit-growing calletiin the island o! Zante, or in Greece, Zante currants, in State of the United States, if not of the world." California are called seedless ra"43ins. The.y are used for the So I understand tnat the Senator talked there exactly as he same purposes, for the purposes of cookery. talks now. He was in favor of free tra.de there upon everything I think the Senator from Missouri will perhaps consent to except the fruit of Califoxn.ia, and he is here now in favor of free change in par&oCI'l'aph 217 the word "Zante" to" dried," for the trade upon everything except the fruit of California, except reason that the currants now come from the island of Cepha and it i.aa very important exception, Mr. President-he votes lonia and Santa Maria and the island of Zante, also from the as the Democratic caucus and the Democratic committee decide coast oi Turkey and from the southern portions of Spain. that he shall vote uponevery question which comes-up in the bill, "Zante currant u is a commercial term; but thei'e is an ambi for the Senator has boasted here that, contrary to his convic guity, perhaps, in the name, and if it is permitted to remainhere tions, he voted for a. duty on aoal and ir.on. Why did the 8.Ema as" Zante, it may confuse some of our appraisers. I hope the tor do that? Does he wish us to understand that he di.d it be from Missouri will change the word "Zante " to cause he is convinced that there ought to be a duty on ao:al and "dried." T.hen there can be no charge that we are discriminat iron? By no means. ing against the island of Zante. . The Senator willadmit that he voted for a duty on coal and One word more in answer to the Senator from Ohio. We are iron because that is the policy of his party, just exactly as he has producing seedless raisins, which grow in great clusters upon told me frequently that the reason he did not let his melliflu our vines, some of the vines producing over 100 pounds of the ous voice resound through this Chamber in this debate was be seedless raisins. In California we get them dried, but they are cause it was the policy of his party not to have any debate on the pure fruit. There is no dir·t amongst them, as there iB in this bill. The Senator simply carried out the decision of his" those which are brought from Italy and Greece in their com own party on coal and iron, and he stands ha.Ea to-day-and I mel~ial product, and yet we sell them in the market here as low aongratulate him on standing here to-day-as consistent-here as as a cent and a half and 2 cents a pound-an article far superior he was in California for being in favor of free trade on every to the Zante currant as known in commerce. Therefore I say thirrg- exceptiaa to the products of his own State. [Laughter.] to my friend from Ohio that California has an area sufficiently Mr. WHITE. I desire to say to the Senator from New Hamp large, and we are setting out more vineyards now from week to shire that I can assure him positively that nevex, even in pri week, and month and year to year, to furnish all the Zante cur vate, shall I accuse him of being a prevaricator., tor it woul.d rants and all the raisins that can be consumed in this country, merely result in a repetition of the- offense, lmd my conscience giving the poor man fine raisins for his puddings, his pies, and will forbid anything of the kind in the future. his cakes. · Mr~ VEST. I simply wanti to correct a statement which I Mr. HOAR. Before the Senator sits down I should like to made to the Senator from Maine n-earest me [MI·. P.RYE], as I do ask him-the reason he stated is a good one-whether it woula not want t make any false impression. I did not do it know ~ot he well to ask the Senate to change the rate instead of ask ingly.. He asked me what woulcL be the effect oi striking out mg the Senator from Missour1 to do it? paragra-ph 2I3a-" Cru~ra:nts', 20 per cent. ad valorem," and I Mr. PERKINS. I stand corrected; but I think a recommen~ told him it would have the effect to aontinue the duty under dation from my friend from Missouri will have more influence, the baake.t.clause. I overlooked the fact that there is a separate perhaps, than one would have coming from me. Thera is more basket clause for the fruit schedule, paragraph 489, -page 101, reason-- which s9.ys: M.r. HOAR. Influence is a. good reason. Fruits, ~e.en,_ ripe,..oc~tied, not.apecia.lly provided tor in. this act. . 1
1894. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. . 605 ·1~:
So the effect w..ould be to put these ou~ran.ts' on_the free- list. from.Qalifornia I was only endeavoring to prevent dried cur I do not want any misapprehension· about it. _ rants, other than· Zante currants,, being_placed on the free list· Mr. FRYE. Does the Senator mean that they sha.ll be put by giving·them a small ad va.lo:rem.duty of 20 per cent. That· upon. the free list? wasmy proposition. Mr. VEST. Yes. Mr. PERKINS. Tlien· we have the- same object in view. Mr. WHITE. All except dried. _ Mr. DOLPH.. We have the same object in. view, except the Mr. VEST~ 01 course. That does·not affect the provision·as Senator·would like to give a cent and a o.half a pound duty, by to Zante currants or dried currants, but simply the currants· placing·it inparagraph217, and I underst.:'1.lld the Senator from which-come in under the other paragraph. · Missouri has given notice that he does not propose to make that Mr. ALLiSON. I suggest to tha Senator from Missouri that charrge; as coming from the other side of the Chamber at least. it places all dried cur:rants, except Zarrte-- currants, on the free The VICR-PEESIDENT. The question is on the amendment list as well. - proposed by the Senator fr'om Oreg-on [Mr. DOLPH). Mr. VEST: Not if we change-" Zante;" in line 23, of pa.ra- The amendment was rejected. graph 217, to read "including dried currants." Mr. ALDRICH. What is_the'pending proposition, Mr. Presi Me. FRYE. But that has not been changed. dent? Mr. VEST. I propose to do that.. The VICEhPRESIDENT. T.b.e amendment proposed by the Mr; FRYE. That is all right. Senator fromMissouri [Mr. VEST],_which will be stated. Mr.DOLPH. If Zantecurrants are noteucrants, as contended· The-SECRETARY. It is proposed to strike out the following by the Senator from California, they will not be.on the- dutiable paragraph: list at all. 213a. Currants, 20 per cent ad va;lorem.. l\ir. VEST. That is a q~estion between the Grecian.:. consul The VICE-PRESIDENT. The questionis.ontheamendment. general and the Senator from Ca1ifornia [Mr. WHITE], and I am The amendment was agreed to. bound to take the view of the Senator from California, because Mr. LODGE. I no;vdesire to offer the amendment which I he must know. · before attempted to offer. Mr. TELLER. . I shoul
.. - ... 6052 CONGRESSIONAL .·RECORD-SENATE; JUNE 9,
upon it a high duty of mora than 100percent. I ask for this ar ' Mr. GORDON (when his name was called). I am paired with ticle but 10 per cent duty. It is not an article of general, pop the Senator from Iowa (Mr. WILSON]. ular consumption, but is supplied by these men to manufactur Mr. LODGE (when his name was called). I am paired with ers. Certainly there can be no better case for a direct protec the senior Senator from New York [Mr. HILL]. If he were tion to American wages than is presented here, and involving present I should vote ''yea." no outside question of capital or the profits of manufacturers. Mr. MORRILL (when his name was called). I am paired with The only distinction that I can see is that these men who are the Senator from Florida [Mr. CALL], and therefore withhold enO'aged in this industry along our coast have no Democratic my vote. Se~ator to represent them. Ol course, if that is the decidin.g Mr. QUAY (when his name was called). I inquire if the Sen principle on which this bill is made up, I am aware that thts ator from Alabama [Mr. MORGAN] is recorded as voting? amendment is foredoomed to defeat; but if the principle which The VICE-PRESIDENT. The Senator fpom Alabama is not has just been applied in the case of Zante currants has any eco recorded. nomic Roundness whatever, then it should apply tenfold to the Mr. QUAY. Being paired with that Senator, I withhold my labor of these poor fishermen upon our Northern coast. vote. -..... I will add, Mr. President, that this is the precise duty which The roll call was concluded. is pla.ced upon Florida sponges, gathered in the same way by the Mr. BRICE. I transfer my pair with the junior Senatorfrom same class of men. These simply are Northern fishermen, liv Colorado [Mr. WoLCOTT] to the junior Senator from South Caro- ing along the Northern coast, engaged in the same industry, lina [Mr. IRBY] and vote "nay." _ with no capital but their labor and their boats. Mr. CHANDLER. My pair with the junior Senator from New I ask for a vote on the amendment. York [Mr. MURPHY] is transferred to the Senator from Wash The'VICE-PRESIDENT. The question is on the amendment ington [Mr. SQUIRE], so that the Senator from Virginia [Mr. proposed by the Senator from Massachusetts. DANIEL] and I can vote. I vote "yea." Mr. VEST. Did I understand the Senator to say that $70,000 Mr. DANIEL. I vote "nay." worth of this article was imported? Mr. McMILLAN (after having voted in the affirmative). I Mr. LODGE. I say the value of the product of these men is inquire if the Senator from Louisiana [Mr. BLANCHARD] has $70,000 annually. I did not say anything about what was im voted? ported. I simply stated the value of their product. · The VICE-PRESIDENT. He has not voted. Mr. VEST. The question comes up suddenly, and without any Mr. McMILLAN. Then I withdraw my vote, as I am paired presentation of facts; but I find by the Treasury reports that with that Senator. · only $100 worth came in in 1893. I du not think anybody is suf Mr. GORDON. I transfermypn.irwith the Senator from Iowa fering from that sort of competition. [Mr. WILSONl to the Senator from Kentucky [Mr. LINDSAY) and Mr. LODGE. I will say to the Senator that I take the state vote ''nay." ment of the men engaged in the industry, that they are being The result was announced-yeas 21, nays 29; as follows: pushed and pressed by outside European competition. Mr. DOLPH. What is the present duty? YEAS-21. Mr. LODGE. There is none. It is on the free list as Zante Aldrich. Dubois, Patton, Shoup, currants are on the free list. Allison, Frye, Perkins, Teller, --- .. -, Carey, Gallinger, Pettigrew, Wa:~hburn. Mr. VEST. It has always been on the free list. Chandler, Hale, Platt, Of course, I do not propose to answer what the Senator says Dixon, Hoar, Power, about no Democratic Senator being here to represent these peo Dolph, Manderson, Sherman, ple. Considering what we have done in regard to fish, I do not think that is a very just intimation, because the fish industry is NAYS-29. represented by Republican Senators. I will let that go. Allen. Gibson, Mllls, Turpie, Berry, Gordon, Mitchell, Wis. Vest. This question comes to us suddenly and without any facts, as Blackburn, Harris, Pasco, Voorhees. I st:lted, except the Senator has stated what he believes; but, Brice, Hunton, Peffer, Walsh, as a matter of course, under the circumstances, we can not agree Cockrell, Jarvis, Pu~h, White. Coke, Jones. Ark. Ransom, • to put this article upon the dutiable list. It has not been ex Daniel, Kyle Roach, amined, and the Treasury statistics do not show any such values George. Martin, Smith, as the Senator states, and the article has always been on the free list. . NOT VOTING-35. Mr. LODGE. I stated no value, I will say to the Senator Bate, Faulkner, Lindsay, PalIller, Blanchard, Gorman. Lodge, Proctor, from Missouri, in regard to the importations. I simply stated Butler, Gray, McLaurin, Quay, the c:lse of the men engaged in the industry. Caffery, Hansbrough, McMillan, Squire., Mr. VEST. The point is in regard to his argument as to Call, Hawley, McPherson, Stewart, Camden, Mitchell, Oregon Vilas, the effect of the importation upon the labor of these people. If Cameron, ~fi~ins, Morgan, Wilson, there was only $100 worth came into this country, as a matter of Cullom, lrby, Morrill, Wolcott. course, their labor could not have baen depreciated or their Davis. Jones, Nev. Murphy, product injured in value. There was not enough competition for that. So the amendment was rejected. • Mr.-LODGE. During what y~ar was the hundred dollars' Mr. LODGE. I had not looked up the importations, and I wor imported? should be very glad if the Senator from Missouri would point . VEST. Ei()"hteen hundred and ninety-three. out to me where he finds that the importation of moss, sea moss, r. LODGE. The fiscal year ending July 1? and Iceland moss is only $100. I supposed it had come in under Mr. VEST. The Treasury reports are, of course, for the fis this general head "Mosses: seaweed, and other vegetable sub stances, " by which it appears that they were of the value of cal yer~ ending June 30, 1893, and we have nothing later than that. $22,725 in 1890,$41,461 in 1891, $4:5,557 in 1892, and $49,372 in 1893. Mr. LODGE. I understand that; but I understand from the I did not know that sea or Iceland moss had been separated letter I read that there is an increasing competition, from which and separate amounts given. I should be glad if the Senator these people are suffering. from Missouri would point it out, as I do not wish to be inaccu Mr. VEST. I only spoke from the official statistics. rate. The VICE-PRESIDENT. The questionison the amendment Mr. VEST. I have the statement here, Mr. President, and propoEed by the Senator from Massachusetts [Mr. LODGE]. shall turn to it. - Mr. LODGE. !ask for the yeas and nays. Mr. JONES of Arkansas. Regular order, Mr. President. The yeas and nays were ordered. The VICE-PRESIDENT. The reading of the bill will be re Mr. MILLS. Let the amendment be again stated. sumed. The VICE-PRESIDENT. The amendment will be stated. The Secretary read as follows: The SECRETARY. In pla.ce of paragraph 212, it is proposed to 218. Comfits, sweetmeats, and fruits preserved in sugar, sirup, molasses, or spirits, not specially provided for iu this act, and jellies ot all kiJ:!.ds, 80 insert: per cent ad valorem. Sea moss, or Iceland moss, whether cured or uncured, 10 per cent ad va lorem. Mr. ALLEN. I was necessarily absent from the Chamber at , The VICE-PRESIDENT. The Secretary will call the roll on the time that action was had on paragraph 199, attending to my the amendment. duties as a member of the special investigating committee. I The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. now ask the Senate to return to that part of the bill long enough Mr. CULLOM (when his name was called). I am paired with to enable me. to offer an amendment. - the senior SenatorfromDelaware [Mr.' GRAY]. If hewerepres The VICE-PRESIDENT. Is there objection? ent I should vote "yea." Mr. ALLISON. Let the amendment be-reported. .. 1894. -- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD~SENATE.
The VICE-PRESIDENT. The amendment will be stated. The yeas and nays were ordered, and the Secretary proceeded The SECRETARY. It is proposed to insert as paragr~ph 199!- to call the roll. · Hides and skins, raw or uncured, whether dry, salted, or pickled, except Mr. BRICE (when his name was called). I again transfer my goat skins, 20 per cent ad valorem. pair with the junior Senator from Colorado [Mr. WOLCOTT] to The VICE-PRESIDENT. Is there objection to the request to the junior Senator from South Carolina [Mr. IRBY], and vote of the Senator from Nebraska that the amendment proposed by ''nay." him may be now considered? The Chair hears none, and the Mr. CULLOM (when his name was called). I am paired with question is on the amendment. the Senator from Delaware [Mr. GRAY], who has been called Mr. PLATT. Are not hides now on the free list? away from the Senate for the afternoon. If he were present I 1 Mr. ALLEN. They are on the free list. I desire to say, if should vote '' yea." the Senator will permit me, that we imported last year, exclu Mr. GALLINGER (when his name was called). I am paired sive of goat hides, $14,605,787 worth of hides. The ad valorem with the junior Senator from Texas [Mr. MILLS], who is absent, duty on hides has given us in fact $3,000,000 of revenue, and it and withhold my vote. If he were present I should vote" nay." occurs to me that we ought not to suffer this item of legitimate Mr. GORDON (when his name was called). I transfer my taxation to pass to the free list. It oug-ht to bear a fair propor pair with the Senator from Iowa [Mr. WILSON] to the Senator tion of the taxes imposed by this bill. from Kentucky [Mr. LINDSAY], and -yote "nay.". . I call for a yea-and-nay vote upon the amendment. Mr. McMILLAN (when his name was called). I am pa1red The veas and nays were ordered. with the Senator from Louisiana [Mr. BLANCHARD]; otherwise Mr. CAREY. I only desire to say a word concerning this I should vote '' yea." · amendment. _ Mr. MORRILL (when his name was called). I am paired with In the Rocky Mountain States and Territories, where hides the Senator from Florida [Mr. CALL], and therefore }vithhold are a very valuable product and where a great deal of money my vote. . has been received from them, they are no longer worth the rail Mr. QUAY(when his name was called). I haveageneralpair road tariffs it costs to transport them to the seabm~rd. In the with the Senator from Alabama [Mr. MORGAN], and therefore Argentine Republic thousands of heads of cattle are killed each withhold my vote. If he were present! should vote" yea." year for the hides alone, and the carcasses of the animals go to The roll call was concluded. waste. In the Western country a very large amount of money Mr. LODGE. I desire to announce my pair with the senior that would be received each year for hides is lost because freight Senator from New York [Mr. HILL]. I therefore withhold my charges can not be paid on them. Hides are _an agricultural vote. product, and I can not see why a duty should not be imposed The result was announced-yeas17, nays 27; as follows: upon them so as to enable our people to continue that industry. Mr. DOLPH. I should like to say a word on this amendment. YEA8-17. I understand the eft'ect of it is to put a duty on hides. The only Allen, Dubois, Perkins, Teller, doubt I have in my mind as to how I shall vote is whether it Allison, Kyle, Pettigrew, Washburn. Carey, Manderson, Power, will affect our reciprocity treaties; but as the Senate has already Chandler, Patton, 'Sherman, determined to put a duty on sugar and abrogate those treaties, Dolph, Petrer, Shoup, unon principle I think I shall vote for the amendment. NAYS-27. ·Mr. PLATT. I should'vote for this amendment if I had any Aldrich, Daniel, Jarvis, Roach, assurance that the tariff upon the articles whic4 are manufac Berry, Frye, Jones, Ark. Smith, tured from hides would be correspondingly increased. Boots Blackburn, George, McLaurin, Vest, and shoes, I understand, are now placed at 20 per cent ad va- Brice, Gioson, Mitchell, Wis. Voorhees, Camden, Gordon, Pasco, Walsh, lorem by this bill. · Cockrell, Harris, Pugh, White. It is not fair to put the same duty upon hides which is put Coke, Hoar. Ransom, upon the article which is made from hides. I have no objec NOT VO'l.'ING-41. tion to a duty on hides, except that I should want to know if Proctor, the duty on the manuf~ctured article was going to be somewhat ~f~chard, 8~i~an, ~~~ian, Quay, increased. - Butler, Hale, McPherson, Squire, Mr. MANDERSON. My colleague [Mr. ALLEN] has stated Caffery, Hansbrough, Martin, Stewart, Call, Hawley, Mills, Turpie, the enormous importation of bides and skins to this c,ountry Cameron, Higg.ins, Mitchell, Oregon Vilas, under the present provision. I do not think that anyone can Cullom, Hill Morgan, Wilson, estimate the enormous product of hides in the country west of Davis, Hunton, Morrill, Wolcotu. Dixon, Irby, Murphy, Chicacro, and why it should not be protected I can not imagine. Faulkner, Jones,..N"eV'. Palmer, I shalf certainly vote fol' the amendment proposed by my col Gallinger, Lindsay, Platt, league, and I am glad to have him present it, because I see in his mind, I think, a rising light, which will grow and spread So the amendment was rejected. until he is fully illumined with the protection idea. Mr. HOAR. 1 desire, in regard to the matter which has just been dealt with, to say that we are now having a considerable Mr. ALL~N. I am induced to offer this amendment for the purpose of raising revenue. I had no thought of anything like export trade of boots and shoes. Hides are upon the free list protection in it. I believe hides to be a proper subject of taxa now. Now, if there were a duty upon hides, I suppose the man tion. agers and contrivers of the present tariff expect to retain the I think the Government ought not to let this item of revenue policy of haying a drawbac!r of 99 per cent of the du~ies paid on imported material, so that 1f there were a duty on h1des_the ex· escape. I am induced, in addition to that, to offer the amend \ ment because I know that it is a bait to our protective friends, port trade would not be affected, except to the extent of 1 per and I expect to see every one of them swallow the hook. cent because the manufacturers would get their drawback so far Mr. HOAR. Let the amendment be stated. as they use imnorted hides. --. The VICE-PRESIDENT. The amendment will be stated. So, if the representatives of the cattle-raising portion of the 'f'he Secretary read the amendment proposed by Mr. ALLEN. Union believe a duty on hides is necessary for their interest and Mr. HOAR. I move to amend that amendment by adding: for that product, I shall be prepared to agree to a graduated duty which would give a similar advance in duty on the products of And upon boots, shoes, and oth~r manufactures of leather, 35 per cent ad valorem. leather. My vote' '' nay" just cast was compelled by the refusal So that there will be an advanced duty upon the manufactured of the Senator who made this proposition to permit any corre· articles. sponding advance of duty on the products, so that it would Mr. TELLER. I hope the-senator will do that later. really amount to a blow to an important American industry. I Mr. HOAR. I make the motion now, Mr. President. do not understand that the Senators on this side of the Cham· The VICE-PRESIDENT. The amendmen~ proposed by the ber would refuse to do so. Senator from Massachusetts to the amendment of the Senator Mr. JONES of Arkansas. Regular order. from Nebraska will be stated. The VICE-PRESIDENT. The readingof the bill will be pro The SECRETARY. It is proposed to add to the amendment ceeded with. ,. And upon boot8, shoes, and other manuractures of leather, 35 per cent ad The Secretary read as follows: valorem. 219. Fruits preserved in their own juices, 20 per cent ad valorem. The VICE-PRESIDENT. The question is
6054 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JUNE 9,
"not"' after the word " shelled" to strike out " 3 cents per Mr. VEST. The Treasury reports show that in regard to vound;' clear almonds, shelled, 5 cents per pound," and insert, these extracts, fluid meat extracts, under the McKinley act the ''or unshelled, 25 per cent ad valorem." rate of duty is 15 cents per pound or 18 per cent ad valorem. We Mr. VEST. The amendment is withdrawn.. · have reported a duty of 20 per cent ad valorem which it is pro Mr. JONES of Arkansas. I withdraw the committee amend- posed to reduce to·15 per cent. There was imported, in 1893, ment. . $30,922worth. All other extracts of beefJ meaning the solid ex The VICE-PRESIDENT. The amendment is w1thdrawn. tracts, under the McKinley act, were 35centsperpoundor17.93 The reading will proceed. per cent ad valorem. We made that duty 20 per cent, which The Secretary read the next paragraph, as follows: would also be reduced to 15 per cent. The imports for 1893 were $292,270. After we had fixed it one of our Republicttn col 2-22. Filberts and walnuts of all kinas, not shelled, 2 cents per pound; shelled, 4 cents per pound. leagues came to us with facts and representations that induced· us to decrease the duty. The Committee on Finance reported an amendmentoin line His statement was that we had made such advance in these 15 after the. word "kinds," to strike out" not shelled, 2 cents meat extracts that we are able with reduced duty to compete p~pound· shelled, 4 cents per pound," and insert ''35 per cent successfully with all the balance of the world and 'sell the article ad valore~; cream or Brazil nuts, 20 per cent ad valorem." cheaper to our own t>eople. One of the largest packers in the Mr. JONES of Arkansas. I withdraw the amendment~ United States-told me not long since, while discussing the cattle The Secretary read the next paragraph, as follows~ question, that he was able now to send his meat extracts to Paris 223. Peanuts or ground bean<>, unsh~lled, 1 cent per pound; shelled, 11 and sell them to the French manufacturers, and that they were cents per pound. then put under their brand. He said that he had obtained after The Committee on Finance reported an amendment to para six months' endeavor in Paris an analysis of the Liebig extract, graph 223·" in line 21, after the word "beans," to strike out "un and that he had submitted it to his chemist, to whom he paid a shelled, 1 'cent per pound; shelled, 1t cents per pound," and in- very large salary, I think he said $25,000 a year, and told him sert "20 per cent ad valorem;" so as to read: , . , thathemustmake a better article than the Liebig. He said that after three months' work the man came to him with an extract 223. Peanuts or ground beans, 20 per cent ad valorem. which was now taking the market away even in Europ3 from The amendment was agreed to. ' the French manufacturers. I give the statement for what it is .- The Seoretary read the next paragraph, as follows: worth. If I were to mention the name it would be recognized 22!. Nuts of all kinds, shelled or unshelled, not specially provided for in as thatr of a man of national celebrity. this a.ct, 1 cent per pound. Mr. MANDERSON. The Senator from Missouri understands, I think, from my conversation had with him within a day or two, The Committee on Finance reported an amendment to para that this 111llguage would mean both the solid and the fluid ex graph 224 page 50, line 1, after the word "act," to strike out tract of meat~ "one cent' per t>Ound" and insert" 20 per cent ad valorem." ~ Mr. VEST. I think so. The way we have it here it includes The amendment was agreed to. all. The Secretary read as follows: Mr. MANDERSON. I call his attention to the fact that the Meat products: solid extract of meat has heretofore had an ad valorem rate of The Committee on Finance reported as an additional para 20 per cent. There was imported in 1893 $14:0,773 worth of the graph: .fluid extract, which, as he savs, has an ad valorem or l7 .95 per 224!. Fresh beef, mutton, and pork, 25 per cent ad valorem. cent, which is nearly 18 per cent. There was imported $294,174 worth, making close on to a. half million dollars of these ex Mr. JONES of Arkansas. I move to amend the amendment tracts. by striking out" twenty-five" and inserting "twenty." Mr. VEST. The Senator has reversed the duties. On the Mr. HOAR. I wish to ask the committee if they understand .fluid extract the ad valorem is 18 per cent. that they have made any special provision in the bill for lamb Mr. MANDERSON. I say the .fluid extract was 18 per cent. as distinguished from mutton? Mr. VEST. And on the other it is 17.93. Mr. VEST. No, sir; not that I know of. Mr. MANDERSON. Seventeen and ninety-five one-hun- Mr. HOAR. Does the Senator understand that the word dreths. "mutton "includes lamb? Mr. VEST. Seventeen and ninety-three one-hundredths. Mr. VEST. I think so. Mr. MANDERSON. On the solid extract it was 20 per cent. Mr. HOAR. Would it not be well to make that clear? Mr. VEST. No; 17.93 per cent Mr. VEST. All meat of the sheep, I understand, is mutton. Mr. MANDERSON. I turn to this autbority-- Mr. ALLISON. It is the same as in the McKinley act. Mr. ALLISON. To what year does the Senator refer? Mr. FRYE. The word" lamb" never has been inserted. Mr. MANDERSON. Eighteen hundred and ninety-three, The VICE-PRESIDENT. The question is on agreeing to the page 613 of Imports and Exports. amendment of the Senator from Arkansas to the amendment of the committee. Mr. VEST. What was the amount of imports for that year? The amendment to the amendment was agreed to. Mr. MANDERSON. The imports of solid extracts of meat The amendment as amended was agreed to. for the year 1893 were $140,773, the duty being ad valorem 20 per The Secretary read the next paragraph, as follows: cent. The importations of .fluid extract of meat in 1893 were 150,872 pounds, worth $294,127, with an ad valorem rate of 17 .95, 225. Extract of meat, 20 per cent ad valorem. or about 18 per cent. Now, with this immense importation, even Mr JONES of Arkansas. I move to strike out" twenty" and at the rate of 18 and 20 per cent ad valorem, it certainly seems 1 insert" fifteen. ' to me that the rate proposed by the other House and agreed to Mr. MANDERSON. I hope that will not be done. It is true by the Committee on Finance should not be changed in this very that we have been importing a large amount of meat extract sudden and unexpected fashion. It looks to me like an effort to into this country which is known as the Liebig beef extract, and protect Liebig and Liebig's agents in this country rather than for a number of years, because of the excellence of that article, those who produce these extracts in this country. it seemed to have a monopoly of .the American market, but we Mr. VEST. If the Senator will look at the Treasury reports h a-ve very lately outstripped Europe in the production of meat of Imports and Exports, page 613, he will see he is mistaken extracts, particularly extract of beef. The great packing houses about the ad valorem duty on fluid extract. of Chicago, Kansas City, and Omaha are producing to-day a far Mr. MANDERSON. I take it from that report. better article of meat extract, beef extract, than can be produced Mr. ALLISON. If the Senator from Missouri will look at anywhere in the world. There was at one time the production page 614 he will see t]le ad valorem under the duty of 35 cents, of a beef extract in Richmond, Va., I think. It was most excel which was fixed in the McKinley act, is 17.95, as stated by the lent, and rivaled somewhat Liebig's meat extract. Senator from Nebraska. This industry is one worthy of maintenance. I hope the com Mr. MANDERSON. There is no doubt about it. mittee will not lower the ad valorem rate that was fixed by the Mr. VEST. There is no doubt about it. But on the next other House. I took occasion within a few days to see one of page he will find fluid extracts 18.01. the members of the committee in charge of the bill with refer Mr. ALLISON. I submit that this difference between 17.95 ence to this. it~m, and to know whether it certainly included and 18.01 per cent is so small that we had better leave it at 20 both the sohd and the fluid extract of meat, and was told there per cent, and if our people can compete with. the others there could be no doubt about that proposition. I am somewhat sur will be no harm dohe. · prised at this proposition, coming from the committee without Mr. PLATT. I do not know about the statistics, but in the notice, to lower the ad valorem duty upon this extract. It is reportwhichtheCommittee on Finance has given us the impor ·r pne that the West is particularly concerned in, and I hope that tations are divided into three parts. the blow will not be given it in this very unexpected fashion. Mr. ALLISON. That is under the old law.
---- 'I 1894. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 6055
Mr. PLATT. Extra.cts of meat, fluid, and extracts of m-eat all enterprise was a new one. and was for a time modera.tely successfuL We gave employmen1i to some 250 men. At that time we were protected by a others, and the importatious of_ fluid extract is as was stated by duty o! 15 cents per pound on the imported article. We continued to con the Senator from .Missouri, only $30,000 for 1893 in this state duct our business successfully until this duty was taken off, when we found ment. that we were utterJy unable to do so longer at a profit, and about a year ago we were compelled to abandon the business altogether, since which time Mr. ALLISON. If the Senator will turn to the next page he our plant and the capital invested has been idle, and will be worthless unless willsee-- · we are enabled to resume. Mr. PLATT. Those, I suppose, are solid extracts. The im The albumen of commerce iS manufactured in France, Germany, and Eng ports under 11 all others" were $294,127.88, but the imports oi::fluid Ian~, a~d is an art~cle the chief cost of which is comprised in the labor en· te~rng mto it. Owmg to the higher rates at which labor is compensated in extracts I think were only $30,000., according to this statement. this country we are entirely unable, unaided by a protective duty, to com The VICE-PRESIDENT. The question is on agreeing to the pete with the chllau iabor of the foreign manufacturer. A moderate duty, say lii cents per paund, the rate at which the imported article was taxed amendment proposed by the Senator from Arkansas. when we began our business, would give us this protection, enable us to re Mr. MANDEHSON. I ask for a division on the question. S?me, reemptoy our labor, and look forward to a competition '''ith the for Mr. JONES of Arkansas. Let us have the yeas and nays. eign manufacturer, under not altogether unfavorable conditions. We respectfully request your attention to this matter, and that you prop The yeas and nays were ordered, and the Secretary proceeded erly bring it before Congress. to call the roll. Very respectfully, yours, Mr. CULLOM (when his name was called). I am paired with CRAVEN & CO. Hon. JOHN H. KETCHAM, M. 0.1 the senior Senator from Delaware [Mr. GRAY], who is called out Washin,i1ton. D. 0. of the Chamber. If he were present I should vote" nay·." Mr. GALLINGER (when his name was called),. I again an This article being on the free list continued an article of ex nounce my pairwith thejuniorSen:atorfromTexas [Mr. MILLS]. tensive importation. In 1875 $650,000 worth was imported. It .., If he were present I should vote '' nay." ranged differently in different years, and last year nearly $200,- Mr. GORDON (when his name was caJled). I transfer my 000 worth of this article was imported from France, Germany, pair with the Senator from Iowa (Mr. WILSON] to the Senator and England. . In the great stock yards of the West this is be from Kentucky [Mr. LINDS.AYJ, and vote'-' yea." gi:iming to be one of their items of industry. No part of the steer Mr. McMILLAN (when his name was called). I ag.ain an which is conducted into these great slaughtering houses, it is nounce my pair with the Senator from Louisiana [Mr. BLAN said~ is allowell to escape~ except. perhaps his bellow before his CHARDl. death. Among other items that they have gone into is the man Mr. MORRILL (when his name was called)~ lam paired with ufactureof blood albumen. IhaveherealetterfromtheUudahy Packing Company, at South Omaha, Nebr., a very extensive in the Senator from Florida [Mr. CALL] 1 and withhold my vote. Mr. QUAY (when his name was called). ram paired with the stitution, having works also, I think, at both Chicago and Kansas Sen~tor from Alabama [Mr. MORGAN]. City. Tlley say as to blood albumen- The roll call was concluded. Both the McKinley and the Wilson tariffs put albumen on the 1'1·ee list. Mr. HIGGINS. I again announce my pair with the senior The reason it was put on the free list under the McKinley tariff was un Senator from New Jersey [Mr. McPHERSON], and I .shall not an doubtedly from the fact that there-was no Am.erican producer- nounce it for the rest of the day. The only American producer, this one in Jersey City, having Mr. LODGE. I am paired with the Senator from New York been squeezed out by placing blood albumen upon the free list [Mr. HILL], and shall not announce it again during the day. 'It we being the first to manufacture blood albumen successfully 1h this coun will stand for the afternoon. try. We are to-day turning out the finest albumen that is offered in the I I market, but are unable to get a. price for it that will enable us to success Mr. McMILLAN. shall vote to make a quorum. vote fully continue its manufacture, as the writer told you a few days ago-in "nay." • Wa-shington- Mr. QUAY. For the purpose of making a quorum Iwill take the liberty oi voting. I vote "nay." This letter being addressed to me- The result w:as announced-yeas 24, nays 19; as follows~ he had just sold 2 tons that would not yield the cost of production. Under these circumstances we believe even your Democratic friends will YEAS-24. see the justice of giving us an ad valorem duty ot at least 25 per cent so that the industry can be continued and our factory kept running. We have a Berry, Gibson, McLaurin, Smith, large capacity even now, and are contemplating an increase to produce Blackburn, Gordon, Martin, Turpie, about one· half or the present importations, and can do this if we have a Camden, Harris, Pasco, Vest, moderate protection. Cockrell, Hunton, Pugh, Voorhees, Coke, Jarvis, Ransom, Walsh, It seems to me that under this showing there certainly should George, Jones, Ark. Roach, White. be an ad valorem rate that is fair upon this industry, once de NAYS-19. stroyed, ready to be resurrected if fair protection is afforded. Aldrich, Dolph, Manderson, QuaY. Mr. VEST. I havesimply to say that this article has been on Allison, Dubois, Patwn, Shoup, the free list since 1871. Carey, Frye, Peffer, Teller, It Chandler, Hoar, Perkins, Washburn. Mr. MANDERSON. Yes. was not manufactured in this Dixon, McMillan, Pettigrew, country. NOT VOTING-42. Mr. VEST. Prior to that time it had upon it a duty of 35per cent ad valorem. It was put upon the free list in the McKinley Allen, Faulkner, ~yle, Platt, Bate, Gallinger, Lindsay, Power, act, and we do not feel inclined to put a duty upon it now. Blanchard, Gorman, Lodge, Proctor, _ The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. BLACKBURN in the chair). Brice, Gray, McPherson, Sherman. The question is on agreeing to the amendment proposed by the Butler, Hale, Mills, Squire, Cafrery, Hansbrough, Mitchell, Oregon Stewart, Senator from Nebraska. Call, Hawley,. Mitchell, Wis. Vilas, Mr. MANDERSON. I ask for the yeas and nays. Cameron, Higgins, Mor"an, Wilson, The yeas and nays were ordered, and the Secretary proceeded Cullom, Hill, Morrill, Wolcott. Daniel, Irby, Murphy, to call the roll. Da>is, Jones, Nev. Palmer, Mr. GALLINGER (when his name was called). I aga.in an nounce my pairwiththejuniorSenat.orfrom Texas [Mr. MILLS]. So the amendment was agreed to. If he were present I should vote "yea." Mr. MANDERSON. I wish to give notice that the last amend Mr. McMILLAN (when his namewas called). I announce my ment is one of the numerous amendments adopted in Committee pair with the Senator from Louisiana [Mr. BLANCHARD]. of the Whole, upon which a separate vote will be demanded in Mr. QUAY (when his name was called). I am paired with the the Senate. I offer the following to come in as paragraph 225t: Senator from Alabama [Mr. MORGAN]-. 225!. Blood albumen, 25 per cent ad valorem. The roll call was concluded. .· Mr. President, albumen was at one timt} not made in this Mr. CAFFERY. · I am paired with the Senator from Mon." cou~try at all. Upon it for a number of years .there was a duty tana [Mr. POWER]. I transfer my pair to the Senator from of 2o per cent ad valorem. In 1871 there was Imported, it hav South Carolina [Mr. lRBY], and vote" nay." ing been placed upon the free list that year, $122,773 worth. Mr. CULLOM. I have a general pair with the Senator from The next year, or that year perhaps, by a change in the law Delaware fMr. GRAYj. I transfer my pair to the Senator from 25 per cent ad valorem was placed upon it, and the importation Maine [Mr. H.ALE], and vote" yea." fell from $122,000 worth to $329 worth. So it was practically ex Mr. PLATT. I am paired with the Senator from Virginia cluded from this country. The reason for it appears in a letter [Mr. HUNTON], who has been called from the Chamber, or I which I find, dated J"anuary 19, 1889, signed by Craven & Co. should vote 11 yea." -. who did business at Jersey City, N • .J. This was to Mr. Ketch~ 1\fr. McMILLAN. Iamauthorized tovote to makeaquorum~ am, a member of Congress: - I vote ''yea." - JERSEY CITY, N. J., Janua1'1J 19, 1889. Mr. GORDON. I transfer my pair with the Senator from DEAR Sm: In 1871 we began the manufacture of albumen -at the stock Iowa{Mr. WILSON] to the Senator from Kentucky [Mr. LIND yards m Jer;;ey City from the blood of th.e.an1m.als slaughtered there. The SAY], and vote" nay." 6056 CONGRESSION~ ·REOORD-SENATE. JuNE 9,
The result was announced-yeas 18, nays 27; as follows: The amendment was agreed to. _ . The Secretary read the next paragraph, as follows: . YEA8-18. 230. Cocoa butter or cocoa. butterine, 3} cents per pound. Allison, Dubois, Morrill, Shoup, Carey, Fry~. Patton, Teller, The Committee on Finance reported an amendment in para Cullom, Hoar, PeJ'fer, Washburn. Dixon, McMillan, Perkins. graph 230, line 9, after the word "butterine," to strike out ''three Dolph, Manderson, Pettigrew, and one-half cents per pound," and insert "fifteen per cent ad valorem." NAYS-27. Mr. JONES of Arkansas. The amendment is withdrawn. Berry, Daniel, Kyle, Smith, The_Secretary read the next paragraph, as follows: Blackburn, George, McLaurirt. Turpie, CaJ'fery, Gibson, Martin, · Vest, 231. Dandelion root and acorns prepared, and other...articles used as cof Call, Gordon, Pasco, Voorhees, fee, or as substitutes tor coJ'fee, not especially provided for in this act li Camden, Harris, Pugb, Walsh, cents per pound. ' Cockrell, Jarvis, Ransom, White. Coke, Jones, Ark. Roach. The Committee on Finance reported an amendment to pat·a graph 231, line 13, after the word" at," to strike out" It cents NOT VOTING-40. per pound" and insert "30 per cent ad valorem." Aldricll;' Gallinger, , Jones, Nev. Platt, Mr. JONES of Arkansas. The amendment is withdrawn. Allen, Gorman, Lindsay, Power, Bate, Gray, Lodge, Proctor, The Secretary read the next paragraph, as follows: Blanchard, Hale. McPherson, Quay, 232. Starch, including all preparations, from whatever substance pro Brice, Hansbrough, Mills, Sherman, duced, commonly u&ed as starch, 1 cent per pound. Butler, Hawley, Mitchell, Oregon Squire, Cameron, Higgins, Mitchell, Wis. Stewart, Chandler, Hill, Morgan, Vilas, The Committee on Finance reported an amendment to para Davis. Hunton, Murphy, Wilson, graph 232, after the word '' starch," in line 17, to strike out '' 1 Faulkner, Irby, Palmer. Wolcott. cent per pound" and insert" 30 per cent ad valorem." So the amendment was rejected. Mr. JONES of Arkansas. The amendment is withdrawn. Mr. JONES of Arkansas. I move to insert as a new para- Mr. FRYE. The amendment as it appears in the bill is" 2 graph: cents a pound," and before the Senator from Arkansas with draws it and leaves the rate 1 cent per pound, I desire to be 225!. Lard, 1 cent per potmd. h eard. The amendment was agreed to. Mr. JONES of Arkansas. I have no doubt that the print as Mr. JONES of Arkansa.s. I move to insert as a new para_. it appears here is a mistake of mine. I do not think the com graph: mittee ever- intended to change the rate as it is fixed in the bill 225l. Meats of all kinds, prepared or preserved, not specially provided for as it came from the other House. I have no doubt that I gave in this act, 20 per cent ad valorem. it to the clerk, who prepared the amendment and had it printed and I wish to take the responsibility of that mistake. I do not The amendment was agreed to. propose to offer the amendment. Of course the Senator from The Secretary read the next paragraph, as follows: Maine can make his remarks. 2'2-6. Poultry, 2 cents per pound; dressed, 3 cents per pound. Mr. FRYE. Mr. President, I desire to say a few words to the The Committee on Finance reported an amendment to para Senate in relation to this matter. It is a very important one. graph 226, line 11, after the word" poultry," to strike out" 2 The northeastern county of the United States is a fine agricul cents per pound; dressed,3 cents per pound,"and insert," dressed tural county, singularly enough, considering the cold climate. or undressed, 20 per cent ad valorem." Not long ago it was .a forest, but energetic, determined men Mr. JONES of Arkansas. The committee amendment is with we!lt there, felled the trees, and converted the forest into farms. drawn. It IS to-day as prosperous a county a.s there is in the State of The PRESIDING OFFICER. The amendment is withdrawn. Maine, and growing in population more rapidlv than any other. The reading will proceed. Of course it cannot raise wheat, because it cannot compete with The Secretary read as follows: the West, though it has as good wheat lands as there are in the West. Miscellaneous products: It can not raise corn, because the climate is too cold. It. can 227. Chicory root, burnt or roasted, ground or granulated, or in rolls, or otherwise prevared, and not specially provided for in this act, 2 cents per raise oats. The Senate has put oats on the free list. That pound. • county is hugged right in by Canada. It can raise buckwheat. The Committee on Finance reported an amendment to para The Senate has put buckwheat on the free list. It has immense graph 7, after the word ''act," to strikeout '' 2 cents per pound " s~ores of lumb~r .. 'rhe Senate has placed lumber on the free and insert': 30 per cent ad valorem." llst. Its hay crop 1s abundant, but the dutv on that is reduced Mr. JONES of Arkansas. The amendment is withdr·awn. one-half. The pending bill threatens ruin to that county as Tlle Secretary read the next paragra.ph, as follows: prosperous as it is. It raises enormous crops of potatoes. Judge Peters, formerly one oi the members of the House of Represen 228. Chocolate, andsweet.ened chocolate, worth not exceeding 35 cents per tatives, declared that the potatoes of Aroostook County were pound, 2 cents per pound; chocolate confectionery, 25 per cent ad valorem. the peach crop of Maine, and to the potato Aroostook County The Committee on Finance reported an amendment to para owes much of its prosperity. graph 228, before the word'' not," in line 21, to strike out" worth" Aroostook County up to a year ago could not reach the New and insert" valued at;" and in line 22, after word "pound," to York market by railroad without goin&' through a foreign co. un strike out" 2 cents per pound" and insert "10 per cent ad va try. As a matter of course, only the selected potatoes 'could be lOl·em;" so as to read: sent to Boston or New York. The freight charges would abso lutely prevent marketing the _average product. In 1873 a bright Chocolate, and sweetened chocolate, valued at not exceeding 35 cents per pound, 10 per cent ad valore~; chocolate confectionery, 25 per cent ad va· Yankee started a starch mill in Aroostook, and to-day there are lorem. forty-five starch mills there, brought near to these farmers within h a.uli~g distance. They consumed last year 2,500,000 Mr. JONES of Ark!l.nsas. This and the following paragraph I bushels, ywldmg to the farmers 20 cents a bushel, giving to the propose to have considered together, and I ask the Secretarv to county much of the prosperity it enjoys to-day. read the next paragraph before action is taken upon paragraph The same is true of Northern Minnesota and Morthern New 228. . York, though not to an equal extent. It is true in one or two The PRESIDING OFFICER. If there be no objection the other portions of the North bordering on Canada, that they. are Secretary will read the succeeding paragraph. using their potatoes for starch. These potatoes anless so used The Secretary read the next paragraph, as follows: - are. utterly worthless. With a duty of 2 cents a pound those fac 229. Cocoa, prepared or manufactured, not specially provided for in this tories can pay 20 cents a bushel for potatoes and continue this act, 2 cents per pound. prosperity in that section of the country. Now, no man has asked that the duty on starch shall be reduced. Under the act The Committee on Finance reported an amendment to para of 1883 the duty was 1 cent a pound and 20 per cent ad valerem; gr~ph 229, aUer the word "at," to strike out "2 cents per in the Mills bill2 cents a pound. In 1890 it was made 2 cents a pound," and insert" 5 per cent ad valorem.' pound, and yet here it is proposed to reduce it 50 per cent, and Mr. JONES of Arkansas. I move to strike out both of these drive the industry from the country. paragraphs and insert ln lieu of them: : Mr. Presi
1894·. CONGRESSIONAL ·RECORD-_ SENAT·E. 6057 from Providence, R. I., has been here demanding that this re Mr. FRYE. I mean to say exactly this, that as we are leftto duction be made. I will also give the actual cost a -hundred day, withbuckwheatonthefreelist, oats on thefreelist,wi.than pounds. utter impossibility to raise wheat in competition with the great STARCH. · West, and a climate that will not permit them to raise one sin Cost of a ton delivered in Providence, R.I.: . ·' · . gle hill of corn, potatoes are their main crop, and if they_can Man·ufacturing and casks ____ ------:-_.. ------$11. oo · not convert these potatoes into starch a serious blow has fallen upon Aroostook County so far as its agricultural industry is 223 bushels potatoes, at 20 cents------=------· 45.00 concerned. - The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Chair states to the Sena ~ci:~!sio;; ~ ~ ======: ==:: =:::::::::: : =:: :: ::: :· . ~: ~g tor from Maine that his ten minutes have expired. 64.60 Mr. VEST. Our friend from Maine fo-rgets, possibly in his At 3i cents a pound ___ ---: ______: ______- ___ ------67.50 enthusiasm he overlooks, the fact that we increased the duty, upon potatoes 5 cents on the bushel. · Mr. ALLISON. From the bill as it came from the· ot~er Profit, less insurance, taxes, and interest------_ 2. 90 House. It takes 12 bushels of potatoes to make 100 pounds of Mr. VEST. From the bill as it caine from the other House. starch--20 cents------2.40 The House of Representatives sent the bill here with a duty of Cost of manufacturing ___ - --_- _- _------_- _------30 10 cents, and we made it 15 cents. The statistics show that in Commission and freight _. _____ . _____ . ___ - ______40 1891 there was exported 12,883,821 pounds of starch, worth $4(5,- 817. In 1892 the exports increased 8,000,000pounds to 20,081,027, ·. Package------; ------15 worth $612,531. In 1893 the increase continued to 21,938,456 Total. ______·_..______. __ _,___ • _ _ 3. 25 pounds, worth $707,093. The imports were $89,249. So, speak 7 ing of the starch industry of the whole United States, it seems The PRESIDING OFFICER. The time of the Senator from not only to have held its own, but to have gone out and taken Maine has expired. . possession of some of the foreign makets. I think, or rather I Mr. GEORGE. I ask that the Senator's time be extended. hope, because I have no local acquaintance that would justify Mr. ALLISON. I ask unanimous consent that the Senator in speaking as to that particularcemnty, that the decrease of the from Maine be allowed to proceed. duty will not cause the distress and ruin which my friend from Mr. VEST. Certainly. Maine seems to imagine. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without·objection, the Senator Mr. FRYE. I do not make any guess about it. I know just from Maine will proceed. what it is, and I have given what the starch costs the people up , Mr. FRYE. Last year the price of starch was 4t to 4i cents. there. Let me say right there that the increased duty on po This year, from 3i to3t. Starchcan beimportedfromGermany tatoes does not have any effect up in the northeastern pa~t of for $1.85 per hundred pounds. Add the duty as proposed by.the the country. Nobody exports potatoes to Aroostook County, House of Representatives to the cost of starch from Germany, and the difficulty with Aroostook County farmers coming into and it makes $2.40 as thecostof 100 pounds of starch. Youmay Bo:;ton and New York with potatoes is that freights are so :figure it as you please, at that cost you can not pay but 8 cents a enormous that they can not do it at much of a profit. The only bushel for potatoes. . thing to do is to make the ordinary potatoes into starch. Suppose you adopt the duty of 1 cent which the Senator from Mr. VEST. But to show our Northern friends that we are Arkansas proposes. Then you can not pay but 10 cents a bushel not quite so black in this sectional matter as we are painted, I for potatoe3, and it is simply a question whether this industry will move to make it H cents per pound. shall be destroyed. That is all it is. It involves its utter de Mr. FRYE. I am greatly obliged to the Senator from Mis struction. Now, why should this be done to these farmers up souri. I think that will preserve to these people up there this, there? Do they deserve this treatmentatourhands? They are to them, valuable industry. splendid men, hard-working, intelligent, and patriotic, deserv The PRESIDING OFFICER. The question is on agreeing to ing from us good and not ill. · the amendment of the Senator from Missouri, which will be . A few years ago all the glucose in the world was made from stated. potato starch in Germany, and we imported it. To-day we make The SECRETARY. In paragrapli 232, line 18, after the words 1t from corn, and beat the world. That is what makes German "one cent," insert" and one-half cents;" so as to read" H cents starch so low. That is why they can send it here for. $1.85. per pound." · There are 135 potato-starch factories in this country; 45 in The amendment was agreed to. Maine, 20 in New Hampshire, 50 in New York, 10 in Minnesota, The Secretary read as follows: 4 or 5 in Wisconsin, 2 or 3 in North Dakota. · , 233. Dextrine, burnt starch, gum sabstitute, or British 'gum, l cent per ·Mr. President, we have protected industries in other sections pound. of this country. We have permitted them to live. I do not wish· to make a sectional speech, nor to 'indulge. in sectional The Committee on Finance reported an amendment to para talk, but if this commends itself to the Senators on the other graph 233, to strike out "1 cent per pound" in -line 21 and in- side of the Chamber; if they believe that this industry in this sert "30 per cent ad valorem." ...... --- country ought to be preserved, ought surely to vote their judg Mr. JONES of Arkansas. I withdraw the amendment. ' I ments in the matter, and not submit to caucus control. I. sup move to strike o~t "1 cent " and insert "H cents," so as to read: posed the matter was adjusted with the committee. I called Drextine, burnt starch, gum substitute, or British gum, 1l cents per pound. their attention to it a long while ago. Filed a brief with them, and saw this result on the bill, of 2 cents a pound, and of course The amendment was agreed to. had a·right to think it settled. · Now, if they can not permit us The Secretary read the next paragraph, as follows: to have 2 cents a pound, why can they .not allow us H cents a 234. Mustard, ground or :preserved, in bot tles or otherwise, 10 cents per pound, the lowest duty ever had on starch? We can live, pound. squeeze through, on one cent and ahalf. · · · The Committee on Finance reported an amendment to para Why can not the committee consent to a duty of H cents, and gr-aph 234; in line 24, after the word "otherwise," to strike out let us live, instead of by this move of theirs made to-day ut "10 cents per pound " and insert" 25 per cent ad valorem." terly destroy us? . I feel very much in earnest in this matter. Mr. JONES of Arkansas. The amendment is withdrawn. We in Maine are being.hurt tremendously by the bill, and espe- The next amendment of the Committee on Finance was to in cially in the northeastern part of th~ State. - sert as an additional paragraph: Mr. GEORGE. I desire to ask the Senator from Maine aques tion. 234}. Orchids, lily of the val ley, azaleas. palms, and other plants used tor forcing under glass for cut flowers or decorative vurposes, 10 per cent ad . The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from Maine valorem. yield to the Senator from Mississippi? , Mr. FRYE. With pleasure. . The amendment was agreed to. ' Mr. GEORGE. What other agricultural products have the The Secretary read the next paragraph, as follows: people of that country· on which to make a profit if the potato 235. Spices, ground or powdered, not specially provided for iri this act, 3 industry is destroyed?· cents per pound; capsicum or red pepper, 2! cents per pound, unground; ·Mr. FRYE. They have hay, oats, buckwheat, barley; butyou sage, 1 cent per pound. have placed these on the free list, all but barley. . ':the Committee on Finance reported an amendment to. para,., Mr. GEORGE. .Does the Senator mean to say that ii they are graph 235; in line 5, after the word ; ' powdered," to strike out not allowed to have this tax upon potatoes and starch ·the whole " not specially provided for in this act, 3 cents per pound;" in agricultural industry of that country will be destroyed? line 8, after the word "pepper," to strike out 11 2t cents per
·-·
I . \ ' - 6058 CONGRESSION.&L RECORD-SENATE.
pound;" in line 9, after the word "sage," to str-ike out "1 cent ing interests of this country, as our millers are absolutely de· per pound 'r and insert " 30 per cent ad valorem;" so as to make prived of th_ese markets for the purchase of their flour. For in· the paragraph read; stance, Germany imposes a duty of 3 marks (72 cents) per hundred kilos (220 pounds) of wheat, while the duty on :flour is 235. Spices·, ground or powdered; capsicum or red pepper, unground; sage, 7 marks ($1.68) to 100 kilos. This is, as intended, a discrimi 30 per cent ad valorem. nating and in fact a prohibitory duty against the importation Mr. JONES of Arkansas. The amendment ia withdrawzr. of flour. A duty of 4markswould afford German millers rela The Secretary read the next paragraph, as follows: tively ample protection. Seven marks becomes absolutely pro 236. Vinegar, 7} cents per gallon. The standard for vinegar shall be taken hibitory. Other continental countries either have, or their to be that strength which requires 35 grains of bicarbonate of potash to legislative bodies are now engaged in the adoption of, tariffs neutralize 1 ounce troy of vinegar. more hostile to American milling and American grain than even The Committee on Finance reported an amendment to para Germany. graph 236; in line 12, to strike out " 7t cents per gallon. The It is only during the last winter that measures have been pre standard for vinegar ehall be tak~n to be that stren~th which sented in the French Chamber of Deputies looking to a further .... requires 35 grains of bicarbonate of potash to neutralize 1 ounce increase in duties on all our grain and grain products, notwith troy oi vinegar.," and insert " 20 per cen.t ad valorem;, so as to standing the liberal legislation proposed in the Wilson bill, so re~: - far as its effects on French importations to this country are con cerned. There seems to me no good reason why the people of Vinegar, 20 per cent ad valorem. this country who are importing so enormously of the products Mr~ JONES of Arkansas. Thecommitteeamendmentiswith- of Continental Europe, especially in the way of luxuries and d~~ - goods that we could well dispense with, why we should be ab Mr. CAREY. I propose two amendments to the pending bill, solutely shut out from sending to them some portion of our sur which I ask to have printed. plus breadstuffs. The PRESIDING OFFICER: The amendments will be Why, should we not be permitted to pa.yfor our champagne printed, and lie on the table. and wines and brandies and silks and other luxuries or non Mr. WASHBURN. I offered an amendment some days ago essentials, with our wheat and :flour rather than in gold. This to come in at the end of this schedule. I should like to have it while it may not be free trade, it would certainly be fair trade. read.. - So far as our own people are concerned, by the adoption of this The SECRETARY. At the end of ScheduleGadd the following amendment: they would be deprived of none of the necessat:ies proviso: of liJe. It would at the most only increase the prices and cur Pro11ided, That if it shall at any time appear to th&President ot the United tail the consumption of articles of voluntary use and luxuries; States that the government. of any conntry productng and exporting the ar but to the exporting country the loss would be irreparable. ticles and products hereinafter enumerated imposes discriminating or pro hibitory duties or other exactions UJlOn grain or the products of grain, or upon I desire to suggest that this proposition involves nothing new other agricultural products of the United States, be shall have the power, in our legislative policy, whether from one party standpoint or the and-it is hereby made his duty, to certify to the Secretary of the Treasury other. Legislation of the same character was enacted in the the fact of the imposition by sucli government of discriminating or prohib Fifty-first Congress on the bill introduced and championed by itory duties or other exactions upon grain or the products of gx:ain, or upon other- agricnltural products of the United Stiates, and thereupon, and so Senator VEST, in the act of Congress providing for an "Inspec long as such discriminating or prohibitory duties or exactions are main tion of meats for exportation and prohibiting the importation of tained, the Secretary o!. the Treasury shall levy and collect additional and discriminating
1894. CONGRESSIONAL REco-RD-SENATE~ 6059
Germany supplies us with most of our toys· and goods of that de hihito.ry duties in the interests of their manufacturing indus aaription, as well as the greater portion oi bone and ivory named tries: in this amendment, and the other schedule would apply espec Forei(Jn import dutiea on corn and flour. ially to France and Germany. GEIUUNY. to-day is 8. a. eta The milling industry on-a oi the most important as Wheat ...... •.••.. ______.••• ------___ ···-----•••••••••• cwt .• 1 wcll as mostexteD.Bi.veof the Amedcanindustries. If an amend Rye ..•••••.••...... ____ ...••. ______.....• ______••••. ____ •...do ...• 1 9t= 43i ment of this characte:r is not adopted the American miller will Oats .•••• ·------do __ 1 ~~gt have to stand by and see his raw material (wheat) taken from Buckwheat------·------·------.••. do_ ___ 1 Pulse •••..•.•.•.. ____ .. --·------••.•••.•.• ____ ---- ~ ----- .•.. do ..•• 0 him for manufacture into flour and sale in a.market forwhich he Barley ..••.•.....•.••••• : ••••••••••• ____ .••..• ------.• ____ ..••••do .•.• 1 ~m is excluded by discriminating and prohibitory legislation, while M.a.ize ------••••••••do •••• 0 gt~ 19l we are taking from the same country millions of their l)roduets Other descriptions. of grain not separately mentioned. ___ _do ...• 0 6= 12 Millers' products o! grain and pulse, i.e., hulled or pearled without which we could well get along. grain., pearled barley groats, meal, and flour :f BF92 I have obtained and would call attention to the Senate to some ------·------CWt ... statistical data furnished by the Northwestern Miller.. a paper FRANCE. published in my own State, which show at a glance the mttent Ingrain: . and importance of the milling industries of the United States. The exportations of wheat flour from the United States in the la.st four years are as follows: . ~~~i~~~~~~~~~~ff~E~~/¥~~~H:~~JE: Wheat, spelt and mesltn., crushed or as grist contain.lng more J.'i i than lOper cent of flour ______cwt... 4 5i=1n. Value o1 !Flour .in Value o! Year ending June 30- Wheat in bushels. wheat. ba.rrels. fi
6060 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. J"UNE ,9,
pair with the Senator from Iowa [Mr. WILSON] to·tJie- 8ena~r an excuse· for the ·reduction of.tliese duties upon French bran from Kentucky [Mr. LINDSAY], and vote "nay." dies, Scotch whiskies, cordials, and articles of that kind. I do · Mr. HIGGINS {when his name was called). I am paired with notintendto take up the time of the Senate atanygreatlength, the Senator from New Jersey [Mr. MCPHERSON]. I sl_lould be but the party responsible ~or these reductions will certainly have glad to transfer my pair if I can make an arrangement with to answer to the people for their action to-day. someone on the other side of the Chamber. · · - Mr. VEST. We will take that responsibility. We did this Mr. PLATT (when his name was called). I am paired with deliberately, and I think we had the best reasons in the world. the Senator from Virginia [Mr. HUNTON]. · for it. While these articles are articles of luxury and made Mr. QUAY (when his na~e was call~d). I have a general everywhere among civilized nations the great source of revenue, pair with the Senator from Alabama [Mr. MORGAN], who, I am yet it is very bad policy to put them so high as to make the du informed, will be nece~sarily. absent during t~e remainder of ties prohibitory and to decrease revenue. to-day's session on official busmess. I make this announcement We came to the conclusion that there was no reason from any and decline to vote. standpoint for making these duties higher than we have fixed The roll call was concluded. them here. In the first place, we believe we will get more rev Mr. CULLOM. I am paired generally with the Sen~tor from enue by an import duty upon these spirits, considering the na Delaware [Mr. GRAY]. He was called away from the Senate ture of the n.rticle; and, in the second place, it is no such inter this afternoon. I should vote'' yea" if allowed to vote. est in the United States as. appeals to us to entirely exclude Mr. BRICE. I suggest to the Senator from Pennsylvania foreign competition and make money for the domestic manufac [Mr. QuAY] that ;he transfer his pair to the junior Senator from turer. Colorado [Mr. WOLCOT'l'], and both he and I can vote. I would not use the t:.triff power of the Government in order Mr. QUAY. That arrangement is entirely satisfactory. to strike down this or any othet· industry while we are collect Mr. BRICE. I vote ''nay." ing taxes from it and recognizing it as legitimate. At the same Mr. QUAY. I vote ''yea." time I make no concealment of the fact that there is nothing in Mr. CALL. I announce my pair with the Senator from Ver the nature of the manufacture of alcoholic stimulants that ap- mont [Mr. MORRILL]. 'peals to me to protect it or encourage it. I would make it pay Mr. HIGGINS. I suggest to the Senator from Florida [Mr. all the revenue possible to the Government. I would not foster CALL] that he can transfer his pair tO the Senator from New it in any way. I beiieve that these duties from either stand Jersey [Mr. McPHERSON], and we can both vote. point, either that of ,revenue or, as our friends on the other side Mr. CALL. I will do so. I vote " nay." - call it, of protection, are about right, and that is the reason they Mr. HIGGINS. I vote" yea." are so placed. Mr. CAREY. I am paired with the junior Senator from Wis Mr. ALDRICH. I do not defend the existing law or seek to consin [Mr. MITCHELLj. I will transfer that pair to the senior make this amendment on the ground that the duties are protec Senator from Ohio [Mr. SHERMAN] and vote. I vote" yea." tive duties. It is simply and purely a question of revenue. All The result was announced-yeas 18, nays 26; as follows: political economists have agreed that the articles included in -, YEAS-l8. this schedule are proper articles for revenue duties. There can be no question about that. The tariff of 1846, which every Sen Aldrich, Dubois, Patton, Shoup, ator on the ·other side of ·the Chamber always alludes to as an Allison, Frye, Peffer, Teller, Carey, Hale, Perkins, Washburn. ideal tariff in these matters, imposed a duty of 100 per cent on Chandler, Higgins, Pettigrew, the very articles included in this paragraph. Dixon, Hoar, Quay, Now, it is proposed by a Democratic Congress, in the latter NAYS-26. part of the nineteenth century, when we need revenue,·accord Berry, Daniel, McLaurin, Turpie, ing to their own statements! and when we are in;Iposing high Blackburn, George, Martin, Vest, duties upon necessaries of life, to reduce the duty from 100 per Brice, Gibson, Pasco, Voorhees, Caffery, Gordon, Pugh, Walsh, cent to 65.98 upon these articles. Call, Harris, Ransom, White. I think the common· people of the country, whom the Senator Camden, Jarvis, Roach, from Missouri always speak for, are not greatly interested as to Coke, Jones, Ark. Smith, whether the duty upon French brandies is 65 per cent or 100 per NOT VOTING-41. cent. They do not use them, and they are willing that the Allen, Gorman, McMillan, Power, Bate, Gray, · McPherson, Proctor, people who do use them shall pay a high rate of duty. Blanchard, Haru!brough, Manderson, Sherman. Mr. HARRIS. Question. Butler, Hawley, Mills, Squire, Mr. ALLISON. Mr. President, this is an important schedule cameron, Hill, Mitchell, Oregon Stewart, Cockrell, Hunton, Mitchell, Wis. Vilas, certainly as relating to revenue. It is not a very lengthy sche Cullom, Irby, Morgan, Wilson, dule, and yet it is not probable that we can finish it this even Davis, Jones, Nev. Morrill, Wolcott. ing. I suggest to the Senator in charge of the bill that we ad Dolph, Kyle, Murphy, journ now and take up this schedule Monday morning. I would Faulkner, Lindsay, Palmer, Gallinger, Lodge, Platt, be willing on Monday morning, certainly ·after 11 o'clock, to ap· ply the five-minutes rule to the debate on this schedule. · So the amendment was rejected. Mr. HARRIS. I will say to the Senator from Iowa that the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Secretary will proceed with Senator from Rhode Island and myself thought some time ago the reading of the bill. , we could probably get through with this schedule this evening. The Secretary read as follows: I should be exceedingly glad to do so. Of course I wish to SCHEDULE H.-SPIRITS, W;rNES, AND OTHER BEVERAGES. oblige as far aJJ possible the convenience and comfort of Sena Spirits: 237. Brandy and other spirits manufactured or distilled from grain or tors on both sides of the Chamber. What reason is there why other materials, and not specially provided for in this act, ~1.80 per proof we can not go on and get through with this schedule? ~---..1 gallon. · Mr. ALLISON. I will say frankly to the Senator that the..... The Committee on Finance reported to amend the paragraph discussion of the amendment offered by the Senator from Min by adding the following: · nesota has made some impression upon me as respects our rela But when imported in bottles or jugs no separate or additional duty shall tions with the French people concerning these duties. I think lie assessed on the bottles or jugs. if we a-re to reduce duties as is proposed here we ought to make Mr. JONES of Arkansas. The amendment of the Committee a distinction as between distilled spirits produced from grapes is withdrawn. and dis~illed spirits distilled from grain. I suppose the object Mr. ALDRICH. I move to strike out $1.80 where it occura in of those who are in charge of this bill is to make it easier-- this paragraph and insert $2.50. Mr. HARRIS. Will the Senator allow me to suggest to him The aggregate reductions in this schedule upon brandy and that the Senate has disposed of the amendment of the Senator other similar articles is $1,800,000 in round numbers. If any from Minnesota? Senator sitting upon the other side of this aisle can tell me Mr. ALLISON. I do not propose to renew the amendinentof any reason why the rates upon these articles should be reduced the Senator from Minnesota; but I notice in looking at the com I should be glad to hear it. I should be glad if the commit parison of these paragraphs that there is a very large importa tee who have this matter in charge, or some other Senator tion of spirits distilled from grain. The importation of spirits familiar with the construction of this bill, would give a single distilled from grain for the-year 1893 was $1,639,224, a large in reason why the rates upon these articles of luxury should be re crease over the importations of any prior year, at least so far as - duced. this schedule is concerned; I have not looked beyond. So the We have brandies, gins, Scotch whiskies, beers, still wines, proposition to r(;lduce the duty upon distilled spirits from grain and other articles of that kind. We have been called upon to I believe 65 cents and 70 cents a gallon is a great reduction when day and on other days to increase very largely the duties upon at the same time we are increasing the tax upon our own "dis- necessaries of life, I suppose partly for the purpose of furnishing tilled spirits from 90 cents a gallon to $1.10. ~ ----
-, :--- -- .· 1894. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE.-· o06I.·
It seems to me that in dealing with this subject, having so many from Massachusetts. But I do not intend to open that question relations and difficulties in its pa.th way, we should not now at the or to debate it. If I can not get a five-minutes agreement for hour of 5 o'clock on Saturday night undertake to finish asched the cotton schedule as well, I will take it upon this schedule if I ule of this importance. It certainly will not take a great while cap get it. on Monday to go through with this schedule. For myself, I should Mr. ALLISON and others. All rig-ht. like to make some observations on the sehedule at a later day; Mr. HARRIS. In other words, I am going to do the best I and I do not wish to do it to-day. I am perfectly willing as far can. as I am concerned that the five-minute rule may be applied to Mr. ALLISON. I hope the Senator from Tennessee will ask this schedule from the opening of the session on Monday morn unanimous consent that the five-minute rule may be applied to ing. Schedule H, and that then he will consent that on this Saturday Mr. HARRIS. If I can get a unanimous-consent agreement, night at least we may adjourn. upon this schedule and the cotton schedule, down to the sehed Mr. HARRIS. I ask unanimous consent that the five-minute ule on wool and woolens, to limit the debate to five miUJ.ltes to a rule be applied to Schedule H until it is concluded as in Com Senator on any single amendment or on the paragraph-and mittee of tbe Whole. when I say five minutes I mean five minutes: and no extension The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there objection to the i'e by striking out the last or any other word-if I can get such an quest of the Senator from Tennessee? agreement I shall concede to the request of the Senator from Mr. HOAR. I make no objection; but I suppose the Senator Iowa. from Tennessee understands my interpretation of that rule by Mr. ALLISON. I do not like for myself to make at this time this time. any suggestions respecting so important a schedule as the cot The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Chair hears no objection. ton schedule. It seems to me it would be' wiser to take one of Mr. HARRIS. The time may come when the Senator and I these schedules at a time; whilst this schedule is not a lengthy will debate the question as to the proper interpretation. one, I think it ought to be debated a little more atlargethan we I move that the Senate proceed to the consideration of execu can debate it to-night. If the Senator from Tennessee will ask tive business. unanimous consent that on Monday this schedule shall be con The motion was agreed to; and the Senate proceeded to the sidered under Rule VIII, which is the five-minute rule, I for one consideration of executive business·. After five minutes spent will not object, and I do not believe that there will be any ob in executive session the doors were reopened, and (at 5 o'clock jection on this side of the Chamber. and 10 minutes p.m.) the Senate adjourned until Monday: June Mr. HARRIS. What objection has the Senator to extending 11, 1894, at 10 o'clock a. m. it to the cotton schedule as well? Mr. ALLISON. I stated to the Senator that that is too im portant a schedule for me to make any suggestion about. NOMINATIONS. Mr. HARRIS. I ask that the five-minute rule as defined a moment since by myself be applied to this and the cotton sched Executive n01ninations ?'eceived by the Senate June 9, 1894. ule POSTMASTERS. Mr. HOAR. Mr. President- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is thet·e objection to the re- Henry Vanscoy, to be postmaster at Kingston,·in the county quest of the Senator from Tennessee? . of Luzerne and State of Pennsylvania: in the place of David S. ; Mr. HOAR. I desire to notify the Senate, as I did three days Clark, whose commission expired April16, 1894. ago, that that agreement will not be acceded to while I am a Ralph F. Krieger, to be postmaster at Weehawken, in the member of the Sena.te in regard to any schedule whatever, I be county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, in the place of ing present. Theodore Buttenbaum, whose con;tmission expired May 2, 1894. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objection is made to there Albert H. Jones, to be postmaster at Granville, in the county quest of the Senator from Tennessee. of Licking and State of Ohio, in the place of John C. Malone, Mr. HARRIS. If I understand the suggestion of the Senator whose commission will expire June 14, 1894. from Massachu.setts, it applies as well to this as to the cotton W. M. Dunklee, to be postmaster at Christiansburg,· in th~ schedule? county of Montgomery and State of Virginia, in the place of Mr. CULLOM (to Mr. HOAR). State what you mean. George W. Wilson, whose commission will expire June 18,1894. Mr. HOAR. I mean to say that I shall not beforehand agree ASSISTANT SURGEON IN NAVY. to a rule which confines every Senator to five minutes' debate on A F h lt t f M h tt t b any schedule. . mmen arel?- o , a res1·a en o assac use s, o e an as-_ Mr. HARRIS. Not on the schedule, but on the specific para- , s1stant s~rgeon m the Navy, from the 29th of May, 1894, to fill a graph. I vacancy m that grade. Mr. HOAR. On any specific amendment, on any specific topic. PROMOTIONS IN ARMY · · Under the rules of the Senate a whole appropriation bill might ' be introduced as an amendment; thelargestandmost important Infantry a1·m. subject might come up; it might be discussed without being First Lieut. William P. Evans, Nineteenth Infantry, to be cap- moved in terms, and it is an innovation; it is a thing never as- tain, June 7, 1894, vice Taylor, Nineteenth Infantry, retired from sented to. The five-minute rule, as defined on this side of the active service. Chamber yesterday, is a well-known rule, which has its inter- First Lieut. Robert J. C. Irvine, Eleventh Infantry, to be cap pretatidn in the customs of the Senate. I do not object to any tain, June 8, 1894, vice Hoffman, Eleventh Infantry, retired from arrangement which the Republican members of the Finance active service. Committea make in regard to adopting that rule. I propose to SecO'nd Lieut. Thomas G. Hanson, Nineteenth Infantry, to be commit the conduct of the proceedingin general to them; but first lieutenant, June 7, 1894, vice Evans, Nineteenth Infantry, what the Senator from Tennessee asks for never will be agreed promoted. to in t.he Senate on any subject whatever while I ampresentand Second Lieut. Herman Hall, Fourth Infantry, to be first lieu- a membet·. tenant, June 8, 1894, vice Irvine, Eleventh Infantry,-promoted. Mr. ALDRICH. I suggest to the Senator from Tennessee that we now agree to apply the ordinary five-minute rule to this schedule, and when we reach the cotton schedule I h 'tve no doubt we can secure a similar agreement in regard to it. WITHDRAWAL. Mr. HARRIS. I understand from the decla1·ation of the Sen The nomination of John J. McDonald, to· be postmaster at ator from Massachusetts just made that the five-minute rule can Kingston, Luzerne County, Pa.., which was sent to the Senate not be applied to this
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