Incont Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 2008; 2(Suppl 1):2-4

What is Overactive Bladder?

Chun-Hsien Wu, M.D. Department of Urology, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

fkqolar`qflk áåÅêÉ~ëÉÇ=îÉåçìë=êÉíìêå=áå=ëìéáåÉ=éçëáíáçå=~åÇ=íÜìë=Çç=åçí=Ü~îÉ=l^_K eçï=~Äçìí=é~íáÉåíë=ïáíÜ=ìêÖÉåÅó=çåäó\=jçåçëóãéíçã~íáÅ=ìêÖÉåÅó ^ÅÅçêÇáåÖ=íç=íÜÉ=êÉéçêí=Ñêçã=íÜÉ=ëí~åÇ~êÇáë~íáçå=ëìÄJÅçããáííÉÉ áë=ìåìëì~äI=Äìí=áí=áë=âåçïå=íç=çÅÅìêK=^Äê~ãë=ÇÉëÅêáÄÉë=~å=Éñ~ãéäÉ=xQz çÑ=íÜÉ=fåíÉêå~íáçå~ä=`çåíáåÉåÅÉ=pçÅáÉíó=Ef`pFI=?çîÉê~ÅíáîÉ=Ää~ÇÇÉê?=El^_F ïÜÉêÉ=é~íáÉåíë=ïáíÜ=l^_=ã~ó=äÉ~êå=íÜ~í=ê~éáÇ=Ää~ÇÇÉê=ÑáääáåÖ=ïáää=~ÖÖê~J áë=ÅÜ~ê~ÅíÉêáòÉÇ=Äó=ìêÖÉåÅóI=ïáíÜ=çê=ïáíÜçìí=ìêÖÉ=áåÅçåíáåÉåÅÉI=~åÇ=áë î~íÉ=ìêÖÉåÅóK=qÜÉêÉÑçêÉ=íÜÉó=êÉëíêáÅí=íÜÉáê=ÑäìáÇ=áåí~âÉ=íç=~îçáÇ=íÜÉëÉ ìëì~ääó=ïáíÜ=ÑêÉèìÉåÅó=~åÇ=åçÅíìêá~=xNzK=qÜÉ=ëóãéíçãë=ãìëí=ÄÉ=ÉñÜáÄJ ÉãÄ~êê~ëëáåÖ=ëóãéíçãëK=qÜÉ=âÉó=íç=Éî~äì~íÉ=ëìÅÜ=é~íáÉåíë=áë=~=ÑêÉJ áíÉÇ=áå=íÜÉ=~ÄëÉåÅÉ=çÑ=é~íÜçäçÖáÅ~ä=çê=ãÉí~ÄçäáÅ=ÇáëçêÇÉêë=ëìÅÜ=~ë èìÉåÅóJîçäìãÉ=ÅÜ~êíI=çê=Ää~ÇÇÉê=Çá~êóK=qÜÉ=Çá~êó=ã~ó=ëÜçï=~=îçáÇáåÖ ìêáå~êó=íê~Åí=áåÑÉÅíáçåI=Ää~ÇÇÉê=Å~åÅÉê=çê=ÄÉåáÖå=éêçëí~íáÅ=Éåä~êÖÉãÉåí ÑêÉèìÉåÅó=çÑ=ëÉîÉå=íáãÉë=ÇìêáåÖ=Ç~óíáãÉ=~åÇ=åçÅíìêá~=çåÅÉ=éÉê=åáÖÜíI ïÜáÅÜ=ãáÖÜí=çíÜÉêïáëÉ=Å~ìëÉ=ëìÅÜ=ëóãéíçãë=xOzK=qÜÉ=~ÄçîÉ=ëóãéJ ïáíÜ=~=Ç~áäó=ìêáåÉ=çìíéìí=çÑ=UMM=ãi=~åÇ=~å=~îÉê~ÖÉ=îçáÇáåÖ=îçäìãÉ=çÑ íçãë=Å~å=~äëç=ÄÉ=ÇÉëÅêáÄÉÇ=~ë=?ìêÖÉ=ëóåÇêçãÉ?=çê=?ìêÖÉåÅóJÑêÉèìÉåÅó ~êçìåÇ=NMM=ãiK=tÜÉå=íÜÉëÉ=é~íáÉåíë=ïÉêÉ=~ëâÉÇ=íç=Çêáåâ=~ÇÉèì~íÉ ëóåÇêçãÉ?=xNzK=jçêÉçîÉêI=íÜÉ=f`p=ÇÉÑáåÉë=íÜÉ=Ñìää=ê~åÖÉ=çÑ=äçïÉê=ìêáå~êó ÑäìáÇI=ìêáå~êó=ÑêÉèìÉåÅó=~åÇ=åçÅíìêá~=ïáää=çÅÅìêI=~ë=íÜÉ=l^_=ÇÉÑáåáíáçå íê~Åí=ëóãéíçãë=EirqpF=xNzK=Urgency=áë=íÜÉ=Åçãéä~áåí=çÑ=~=ëìÇÇÉå=ÅçãJ áääìëíê~íÉëK éÉääáåÖ=ÇÉëáêÉ=íç=é~ëë=ìêáåÉI=ïÜáÅÜ=áë=ÇáÑÑáÅìäí=íç=ÇÉÑÉêK=Urge inconti- qÜÉ=ÖêÉ~íÉëí=ÅçåíêçîÉêëó=ÅçãÉë=Ñêçã=íÜÉ=êÉä~íáçåëÜáé=ÄÉíïÉÉå nence=áë=ÇÉÑáåÉÇ=~ë=áåîçäìåí~êó=ìêáåÉ=äÉ~â~ÖÉ=~ÅÅçãé~åáÉÇ=Äó=çê=áãJ çîÉê~ÅíáîÉ=Ää~ÇÇÉê=El^_F=~åÇ=ÄÉåáÖå=éêçëí~íáÅ=Éåä~êÖÉãÉåí=E_mbFK ãÉÇá~íÉäó=éêÉÅÉÇÉÇ=Äó=ìêÖÉåÅóK=Urinary frequency=áë=íÜÉ=Åçãéä~áåí ^ë=ïÉ=âåçïI=_mb=áë=~=Åçããçå=Çá~Öåçëáë=~ãçåÖ=ã~äÉ=é~íáÉåíë=ãçêÉ Äó=íÜÉ=é~íáÉåí=ïÜç=ÅçåëáÇÉêë=íÜ~í=ÜÉLëÜÉ=îçáÇë=íçç=çÑíÉå=Äó=Ç~óK=Noc- íÜ~å=RMJóÉ~êJçäÇK=`~å=ïÉ=ã~âÉ=íÜÉ=Çá~Öåçëáë=çÑ=l^_=áÑ=~=_mb=é~íáÉåí turia=ãÉ~åë=íÜ~í=íÜÉ=áåÇáîáÇì~ä=Ü~ë=íç=ï~âÉ=~í=åáÖÜí=çåÉ=çê=ãçêÉ=íáãÉë Ü~ë=ìêáå~êó=ìêÖÉåÅó=~åÇ=ÑêÉèìÉåÅó\=^ÅÅçêÇáåÖ=íç=íÜÉ=áåíÉêå~íáçå~ä=éêçJ íç=îçáÇK=içïÉê=ìêáå~êó=íê~Åí=ëóãéíçãë=~êÉ=éêáã~êáäó=ÇÉÑáåÉÇ=Ñêçã=íÜÉ ëí~íáÅ=ëóãéíçã=ëÅçêÉI=_mb=ëóãéíçãë=Å~å=ÄÉ=Å~íÉÖçêáòÉÇ=~ë=çÄëíêìÅJ é~íáÉåíDë=éÉêëéÉÅíáîÉ=ÄÉÅ~ìëÉ=íÜÉ=ë~ãÉ=ëóãéíçãë=ãáÖÜí=ÄÉ=~ÅÅÉéíJ íáîÉ=ëóãéíçãë=~åÇ=áêêáí~íáîÉ=ëóãéíçãë=xRzK=qÜÉ=áêêáí~íáîÉ=ëóãéíçãë=áåJ ~ÄäÉ=íç=çåÉ=áåÇáîáÇì~ä=~åÇ=áåíçäÉê~ÄäÉ=íç=~åçíÜÉêK=cçê=Éñ~ãéäÉI=?ìêáå~íJ ÅäìÇÉ=ÑêÉèìÉåÅóI=ìêÖÉåÅó=~åÇ=åçÅíìêá~K=qÜÉêÉÑçêÉI=íÜÉ=áêêáí~íáîÉ=_mb áåÖ=ëáñ=íáãÉë=ÇìêáåÖ=ïçêâáåÖ=Üçìêë?=ïçìäÇ=ÄÉ=ÄçíÜÉêëçãÉ=Ñçê=~=äçåÖJ ëóãéíçãë=~êÉ=~äãçëí=íÜÉ=ë~ãÉ=~ë=l^_=ëóãéíçãëK=fÑ=ïÉ=Å~íÉÖçêáòÉ=~ää Çáëí~åÅÉ=íêìÅâ=ÇêáîÉêI=Äìí=ïçìäÇ=ÄÉ=êÉÑêÉëÜáåÖ=ÄêÉ~âë=íç=~=Ä~åâ íÜçëÉ=_mb=é~íáÉåíë=~ë=Ü~îáåÖ=l^_I=íÜÉ=éêÉî~äÉåÅÉ=çÑ=l^_=~ãçåÖ ã~å~ÖÉêK=qÜÉêÉÑçêÉ=ïÜÉå=Éî~äì~íáåÖ=~=é~íáÉåí=ïáíÜ=l^_=ëóãéíçãëI ~ÖáåÖ=ãÉå=ïáää=ÄÉ=~ë=ÜáÖÜ=~ë=RMBK=eçïÉîÉêI=íÜÉêÉ=Çç=Éñáëí=_mb=é~J ïÉ=ëÜçìäÇ=ÉåÇÉ~îçê=íç=âåçï=íÜÉ=áãé~Åí=çÑ=íÜÉáê=ëóãéíçãë=çå=íÜÉ íáÉåíë=ïÜçI=Ü~îáåÖ=êÉÅÉáîÉÇ=ãÉÇáÅ~ä=íÜÉê~éó=çê=ÉîÉå=éêçëí~íÉÅíçãó é~íáÉåíDë=èì~äáíó=çÑ=äáÑÉK ëìêÖÉêóI=ëíáää=éÉêëáëí=áå=Ü~îáåÖ=ìêÖÉåÅó=~åÇ=ÑêÉèìÉåÅóK=få=ëìÅÜ=Å~ëÉëI íÜÉ=áêêáí~íáîÉ=ëóãéíçãë=~êÉ=ÇìÉ=íç=~å=ÉíáçäçÖó=çíÜÉê=íÜ~å=_mb=~åÇ=ïÉ te^q=fp=l^_=^ka=te^q=fp=klq=l^_\ Å~å=Çá~ÖåçëÉ=ëìÅÜ=é~íáÉåíë=~ë=Ü~îáåÖ=ÄçíÜ=_mb=~åÇ=l^_K=cáÖìêÉ=N áääìëíê~íÉë=íÜÉ=çîÉêä~é=çÑ=l^_=~åÇ=_mb=ëóãéíçãë=xSzK=^ë=íÜÉ=ÇÉÑáåáíáçå qÜÉ=ÇÉÑáåáíáçå=çÑ=l^_=ëÉÉãë=íç=ÄÉ=ÅçåÅáëÉ=~åÇ=éêÉÅáëÉK=eçïÉîÉêI çÑ=l^_=ë~óëI=íÜÉ=é~íáÉåí=ëÜçìäÇ=åçí=Ü~îÉ=~=é~íÜçäçÖáÅ~ä=çê=ãÉí~ÄçäáÅ ãìÅÜ=ÅçåíêçîÉêëó=Ü~Ç=ÄÉÉå=ÖÉåÉê~íÉÇ=ëáåÅÉ=íÜÉ=íÉêã=ï~ë=áåíêçÇìÅÉÇ ÇáëçêÇÉê=íÜ~í=Å~ìëÉë=ìêÖÉåÅó=~åÇ=ÑêÉèìÉåÅóK=qÜìë=ÄÉåáÖå=éêçëí~íáÅ áå=NVVVK=cçê=é~íáÉåíë=ïáíÜ=ãçåçëóãéíçã~íáÅ=ìêáå~êó=ÑêÉèìÉåÅó=çê=ãçåçJ Éåä~êÖÉãÉåíI=ïÜáÅÜ=áë=ÇÉÑáåáíÉäó=~=éçëëáÄäÉ=ìåÇÉêäóáåÖ=é~íÜçäçÖó=çÑ ëóãéíçã~íáÅ=åçÅíìêá~I=áë=áí=éçëëáÄäÉ=íç=ã~âÉ=~=Çá~Öåçëáë=çÑ=l^_\=^ë ìêÖÉåÅó=~åÇ=ÑêÉèìÉåÅóI=ëÜçìäÇ=ÄÉ=ÉñÅäìÇÉÇ=ÄÉÑçêÉ=ïÉ=ã~âÉ=~=Çá~ÖJ íÜÉ=ÅçêÉ=ëóãéíçã=çÑ=l^_=áë=ìêÖÉåÅóI=íÜçëÉ=é~íáÉåíë=ïáíÜçìí=ìêÖÉåÅó åçëáë=çÑ=l^_K Å~å=åçí=ÄÉ=Å~íÉÖçêáòÉÇ=~ë=Ü~îáåÖ=l^_K=få=OMMNI=jáäëçå=Éí=~ä=êÉéçêíÉÇ páãáä~êäóI=íÜÉêÉ=áë=çîÉêä~é=ÄÉíïÉÉå=ÑÉã~äÉ=ëíêÉëë=ìêáå~êó=áåÅçåíáJ íÜ~í=íÜÉ=éêÉî~äÉåÅÉ=çÑ=l^_=áå=bìêçéÉ=áë=NSKSB=xPzK=eçïÉîÉêI=áå=íÜ~í åÉåÅÉ=~åÇ=l^_=ëóãéíçãëK=cçê=~=ÑÉã~äÉ=é~íáÉåí=ïáíÜ=ãáñÉÇ=ìêáå~êó ëíìÇó=ÑêÉèìÉåÅó=~äçåÉ=çê=åçÅíìêá~=~äçåÉ=ï~ë=èì~äáÑáÉÇ=~ë=l^_K=^Äê~ãë áåÅçåíáåÉåÅÉ=EÄçíÜ=ìêÖÉ=áåÅçåíáåÉåÅÉ=~åÇ=ëíêÉëë=áåÅçåíáåÉåÅÉFI=ìêÖÉ ëìÖÖÉëíÉÇ=íÜ~í=íÜÉëÉ=é~íáÉåíë=ëÜçìäÇ=ÄÉ=ÉñÅäìÇÉÇ=Ñêçã=íÜÉ=l^_=Öêçìé áåÅçåíáåÉåÅÉ=ãáÖÜí=ÄÉ=ÇìÉ=íç=Ää~ÇÇÉê=åÉÅâ=áåÅçãéÉíÉåÅÉI=ïÜáÅÜ=Å~å ~åÇ=ëí~íÉÇ=íÜ~í=íÜÉ=íêìÉ=éêÉî~äÉåÅÉ=çÑ=l^_=ëÜçìäÇ=ÄÉ=ÅäçëÉê=íç=íÜÉ ÄÉ=êÉëçäîÉÇ=Äó=~åíáJáåÅçåíáåÉåÅÉ=ëìêÖÉêóK=få=íÜáë=Å~ëÉ=íÜÉ=ìåÇÉêäóáåÖ éêÉî~äÉåÅÉ=çÑ=ìêÖÉåÅó=EVKOBF=xQzK=qÜÉêÉÑçêÉ=é~íáÉåíë=ïÜç=Çêáåâ=ä~êÖÉ é~íÜçäçÖó=çÑ=ìêÖÉåÅó=~åÇ=ÑêÉèìÉåÅó=áë=Ää~ÇÇÉê=åÉÅâ=áåÅçãéÉíÉåÅÉK îçäìãÉ=çÑ=ï~íÉêI=ïÜáÅÜ=ïáää=Å~ìëÉ=éçäóìêá~=~åÇ=ìêáå~êó=ÑêÉèìÉåÅóI=ëÜçìäÇ qÜÉêÉÑçêÉ=l^_=ëÜçìäÇ=åçí=ÄÉ=Çá~ÖåçëÉÇ=ëáãéäó=ÄÉÅ~ìëÉ=çÑ=ÜÉê=ìêJ åçí=ÄÉ=Çá~ÖåçëÉÇ=~ë=l^_K=páãáä~êäó=é~íáÉåíë=ïáíÜ=ÅçåÖÉëíáîÉ=ÜÉ~êí=Ñ~áäJ ÖÉåÅó=~åÇ=ìêÖÉ=áåÅçåíáåÉåÅÉ=~åÇ=~åíáÅÜçäáåÉêÖáÅë=ëÜçìäÇ=åçí=ÄÉ ìêÉ=~åÇ=äçïÉê=äáãÄë=ÉÇÉã~I=ïáää=Ü~îÉ=åçÅíìêå~ä=éçäóìêá~=ÄÉÅ~ìëÉ=çÑ ~ÇãáåáëíÉêÉÇK=eçïÉîÉêI=ìêÖÉåÅó=~åÇ=ÑêÉèìÉåÅó=ãáÖÜí=éÉêëáëí=~ÑíÉê=íÜÉ ~åíáJáåÅçåíáåÉåÅÉ=ëìêÖÉêóK=få=íÜáë=ëáíì~íáçå=ïÉ=Å~å=ÅçåÑáÇÉåíäó=ã~âÉ=~ Received: February 27, 2008 Accepted: April 19, 2008 Çá~Öåçëáë=çÑ=ÄçíÜ=ëíêÉëë=áåÅçåíáåÉåÅÉ=~åÇ=l^_K Address correspondence to: Dr. Chun-Hsien Wu, Department of Urology, Yuan's General Hospital, 162, Cheng-Gung 1st Road, Ling-Ya District, Kaohsiung, 80249, Taiwan tev=tb=kbba=qeb=qboj=?l^_?\ E-mail: [email protected]

O What is Overactive Bladder

^Äê~ãë=ëí~íÉÇ=íÜ~í=áíDë=Ñ~ê=É~ëáÉê=íç=ÅçããìåáÅ~íÉ=ïáíÜ=é~íáÉåíë ìêÉíÜê~ä=çÄëíêìÅíáçå=Ñêçã=éÉäîáÅ=çêÖ~å=éêçä~éëÉ=áå=ïçãÉå=~åÇ=éêáçê ~åÇ=éÜóëáÅá~åë=çÑ=ÇáÑÑÉêÉåí=ëìÄëéÉÅá~äíáÉë=Äó=ìëáåÖ=?l^_?=ê~íÜÉê=íÜ~å ëìêÖÉêó=áå=ïçãÉå=xOzK=q~ÄäÉ=N=éêçîáÇÉë=íÜÉ=ÅçãéäÉíÉ=äáëí=çÑ=ÉíáçäçÖáÉëK ?ìåëí~ÄäÉ=Ää~ÇÇÉê?=çê=?ÇÉíêìëçê=ÜóéÉêêÉÑäÉñá~?=xQzK=cìêíÜÉêãçêÉ=áå=éêáJ qÜÉ=Üáëíçêó=í~âáåÖ=ëÜçìäÇ=ÑçÅìë=çå=íÜÉ=Çìê~íáçå=~åÇ=ëÉîÉêáíó=çÑ=íÜÉ ã~êó=Å~êÉ=ëÉííáåÖëI=ãçëí=é~íáÉåíë=ïáíÜ=ëóãéíçãë=ëìÖÖÉëíáîÉ=çÑ=~å=çîÉêJ l^_=ëóãéíçãëK=fí=ïáää=ÜÉäé=íç=ÇáÑÑÉêÉåíá~íÉ=~ÅìíÉ=áääåÉëëÉë=EÉÖ=ìêáå~êó ~ÅíáîÉ=ÇÉíêìëçê=EìêÖÉåÅóI=ìêÖÉ=áåÅçåíáåÉåÅÉI=ÑêÉèìÉåÅó=~åÇ=åçÅíìêá~F íê~Åí=áåÑÉÅíáçåI=ìêçäáíÜá~ëáëF=Ñêçã=ÅÜêçåáÅ=ÇáëÉ~ëÉë=EÉÖ=_mbI=ëíêçâÉF=íÜ~í Å~å=ÄÉ=íêÉ~íÉÇ=çåÅÉ=l^_=áë=Çá~ÖåçëÉÇK=fí=ãÉ~åë=íÜ~í=l^_=áë=~å=É~ëáäó ã~ó=Å~ìëÉ=íÜÉ=ëóãéíçãëK=qÜÉ=é~íáÉåí=ëÜçìäÇ=ÄÉ=èìÉêáÉÇ=~Äçìí=~åó ÅçãéêÉÜÉåÇÉÇ=Çá~ÖåçëáëI=ÇçÉë=åçí=êÉèìáêÉ=~=ëçéÜáëíáÅ~íÉÇ=Éñ~ãáå~J é~ëí=Üáëíçêó=íÜ~í=ã~ó=Å~ìëÉ=~=åÉìêçé~íÜáÅ=Ää~ÇÇÉêI=áåÅäìÇáåÖ=Çá~ÄÉíÉëI íáçå=~åÇ=~ääçïë=ÉãéáêáÅ~ä=íÜÉê~éó=íç=ÄÉ=ëí~êíÉÇK éÉäîáÅ=ëìêÖÉêó=Üáëíçêó=EÉÖ=ê~ÇáÅ~ä=ÜóëíÉêÉÅíçãóI=ê~ÇáÅ~ä=éêçÅíÉÅíçãóFI qÜÉ=ÅçåíêáÄìíáçå=çÑ=?l^_?=áë=ÄÉëí=áääìëíê~íÉÇ=Äó=mêçÑK=v~íJ`ÜáåÖ ~åÇ=åÉìêçäçÖáÅ~ä=ÇáëÉ~ëÉ=EÉÖ=ëíêçâÉI=m~êâáåëçåáëãI=äìãÄ~ê=ëéçåÇóäçJ qçåÖK=få=~=iÉííÉê=íç=íÜÉ=bÇáíçêë=ÉåíáíäÉÇ=?l^_=J=qÜÉ=^éçÅ~äóéëÉ?=xTzI ëáëFK=cìêíÜÉêãçêÉ=ïÉ=ëÜçìäÇ=Éî~äì~íÉ=ÄçíÜ=îçáÇáåÖ=~åÇ=ëíçê~ÖÉ mêçÑK=qçåÖ=ìëÉÇ=~=ÑáÅíáíáçìë=ëíçêó=~ë=ÑçääçïëW=qÜÉêÉ=ï~ë=~=íáãÉ=ïÜÉå ëóãéíçãëI=ÄÉÅ~ìëÉ=îçáÇáåÖ=ÇóëÑìåÅíáçå=ã~ó=Å~ìëÉ=ëíçê~ÖÉ=ëóãéíçãëK éÉçéäÉ=áå=íÜÉ=ïçêäÇ=ïÉêÉ=äáîáåÖ=áå=ÖêáÉÑK=j~åó=ãÉå=~åÇ=ïçãÉåI=~éJ cçê=Éñ~ãéäÉI=~=ïçã~å=ïáíÜ=~=Ää~ÇÇÉê=Å~é~Åáíó=çÑ=PMM=ãi=ã~ó=ìêáå~íÉ éêçñáã~íÉäó=NTB=çÑ=íÜÉ=~Çìäí=éçéìä~íáçåI=ëìÑÑÉêÉÇ=Ñêçã=~=ãóëíÉêáçìë NMM=ãi=É~ÅÜ=íáãÉ=~åÇ=Ü~îÉ=~=éçëíJîçáÇáåÖ=êÉëáÇì~ä=ìêáåÉ=çÑ=OMM=ãiK=få ìêáå~êó=éêçÄäÉãK=qÜÉó=ëçìÖÜí=ÜÉäé=Ñêçã=ÇçÅíçêëK=qÜÉó=ïÉêÉ=ÖáîÉå=î~êáJ íÜáë=ëáíì~íáçå=ÜÉê=ÑìåÅíáçå~ä=Ää~ÇÇÉê=Å~é~Åáíó=áë=çåäó=NMM=ãiI=ïÜáÅÜ=ïáää çìë=íÉëíëI=áåÅäìÇáåÖ=ÉãÄ~êê~ëëáåÖ=~åÇ=é~áåÑìä=çåÉëK=få=êÉíìêåI=íÜÉó=êÉJ Å~ìëÉ=ÜÉê=ìêÖÉåÅó=~åÇ=ÑêÉèìÉåÅóK=qÜÉêÉÑçêÉ=ïÉ=ëÜçìäÇ=íêÉ~í=ÜÉê=îçáÇJ ÅÉáîÉÇ=ÇáÑÑÉêÉåí=Çá~ÖåçëÉëI=ïáíÜ=íÉêãë=áåÅçãéêÉÜÉåëáÄäÉ=~åÇ=ìåÜÉ~êÇ áåÖ=ÇóëÑìåÅíáçå=Ñáêëí=áåëíÉ~Ç=çÑ=ÖáîáåÖ=~å=~åíáãìëÅ~êáåáÅ=~ÖÉåíK çÑK=lå=íÜÉ=çíÜÉê=Ü~åÇI=ëçãÉ=ÇçÅíçêë=íçäÇ=íÜÉã=íÜ~í=íÜÉêÉ=ï~ë=åçíÜáåÖ qÜÉ=éÜóëáÅ~ä=Éñ~ãáå~íáçå=ëÜçìäÇ=ÑçÅìë=çå=ÉñÅäìÇáåÖ=ëìëéÉÅí=ÉíáJ ïêçåÖ=ïáíÜ=íÜÉáê=ìêáå~êó=íê~ÅíK=kçíÜáåÖ>=qÜÉ=ãÉå=~åÇ=ïçãÉå=ïÉêÉ çäçÖáÉë=Ä~ëÉÇ=çå=íÜÉ=Üáëíçêó=í~âáåÖK=cä~åâ=âåçÅâáåÖ=é~áå=ëÜçìäÇ=ÄÉ ÑìêáçìëK=qÜÉó=ÅÜ~êÖÉÇ=íÜÉ=ÜÉ~äíÜ=éêçîáÇÉêë=ïáíÜ=áåÅçãéÉíÉåÅÉK=kçíÜJ ÅÜÉÅâÉÇ=áå=Å~ëÉë=ïÜÉêÉ=íÜÉêÉ=áë=ëìëéáÅáçå=çÑ=ìêçäáíÜá~ëáëK=^=î~Öáå~ä áåÖ=ï~ë=ïêçåÖ=KKK=kç=éêÉëÅêáéíáçåë>=qÜÉ=éÜ~êã~ÅÉìíáÅ~ä=Åçãé~åáÉë Éñ~ãáå~íáçå=ëÜçìäÇ=ÄÉ=éÉêÑçêãÉÇ=çå=ÑÉã~äÉ=é~íáÉåíë=ïáíÜ=éçëëáÄäó ïÉêÉ=Çáë~ééçáåíÉÇK=qÜÉå=íÜÉ=Ç~ïå=ÅçãÉëK=qÜêÉÉ=ïáëÉ=ãÉå=éêçÅä~áã éÉäîáÅ=çêÖ~å=éêçä~éëÉ=EÉÖ=ãÉåçé~ìë~ä=ïçãÉåI=ãìäíáé~êçìë=ïçãÉå íÜ~í=~ää=ïÜç=ëìÑÑÉê=Ñêçã=íÜÉ=éêçÄäÉã=~êÉ=~Åíì~ääó=~ÑÑäáÅíÉÇ=ïáíÜ=~=ÇáëJ É~ëÉ=Å~ääÉÇ=l^_K=qÜÉ=ÄÉäÉ~ÖìÉêÉÇ=~êÉ=êÉÇÉÉãÉÇ=~åÇ=íÜ~åâÑìäK=dçåÉ ïáíÜ=íÜÉ=íÉëíëX=~ää=íÜÉ=ëã~êí=ÇçÅíçêë=Å~å=åçï=éçáåí=íç=íÜÉ=Éñ~Åí=Çá~ÖåçëáëK qÜÉó=~êÉ=ÖáîÉå=íÜÉ=êáÖÜí=íç=íêÉ~í=Äó=íÜÉ=?~ìíÜçêáíó?K=qÜÉ=éÜ~êã~ÅÉìíáÅ~ä All Men with Åçãé~åáÉë=~êÉ=Ü~ééóK=bîÉå=íÜÉ=ÜÉ~äíÜ=áåëìê~åÅÉ=Åçãé~åáÉë=~êÉ LUTS >50 Years ëãáäáåÖI=~ÑíÉê=Å~äÅìä~íáåÖ=íÜÉ=éêçÑáíë=ë~îÉÇ=Ñêçã=Éäáãáå~íáåÖ=~ää=íÜçëÉ of Age ìååÉÅÉëë~êó=ÅäáåáÅ~ä=îáëáíë=~åÇ=Éñ~ãáå~íáçåëK=qÜÉ=ïçêäÇ=áë=~=ÄÉííÉê=éä~ÅÉK bs^ir^qflk=lc=m^qfbkqp=tfqe=l^_=pvjmqljp Prostate qÜÉ=áåáíá~ä=Éî~äì~íáçå=ëÜçìäÇ=áåÅäìÇÉ=Üáëíçêó=í~âáåÖI=éÜóëáÅ~ä Conditions Éñ~ãáå~íáçåI=ìêáå~äóëáë=~åÇ=~=Ää~ÇÇÉê=Çá~êóK=aìêáåÖ=íÜÉ=áåáíá~ä=ïçêâJìéI OAB ~åó=ìåÇÉêäóáåÖ=é~íÜçäçÖó=íÜ~í=ãáÖÜí=Å~ìëÉ=íÜÉ=ëóãéíçãë=ëÜçìäÇ=ÄÉ êìäÉÇ=çìíK=j~ÇÉêëÄ~ÅÜÉê=éçáåíÉÇ=çìí=íÜ~í=íÜÉ=ëÉÅçåÇ=é~êí=çÑ=l^_ ÇÉÑáåáíáçåI=íÜ~í=áëI=áå=íÜÉ=~ÄëÉåÅÉ=çÑ=äçÅ~ä=é~íÜçäçÖáÅ~ä=çê=ãÉí~ÄçäáÅ Ñ~ÅíçêëI=áë=çÑíÉå=áÖåçêÉÇ=xUzK=jçêÉçîÉêI=ãçëí=dmë=~êÉ=ìå~ÄäÉ=íç=ÇÉíÉÅí ?äçÅ~ä=é~íÜçäçÖáÅ~ä=çê=ãÉí~ÄçäáÅ=Ñ~Åíçêë?K=qÜÉ=ãçëí=Åçããçå=ìåÇÉêäóJ áåÖ=é~íÜçäçÖáÉë=~êÉW=åÉìêçé~íÜáÅ=Ää~ÇÇÉêI=éêçëí~íáÅ=çÄëíêìÅíáçå=áå=ãÉåI Fig. 1. The overlap of BPE symptoms and OAB symptoms in men older than 50-years of age.

Table 1. Etiology of OAB symptoms

Etiology of OAB symptoms

Inflammation disorders UTI (eg bacterial cystitis, prostatitis, TB cystitis) Interstitial cystitis Irradiation cystitis Chemical cystitis (eg Cyclophosphamide cystitis) Vaginitis Anatomic disorders Bladder outlet obstruction (eg BPH in men, pelvic organ prolapse in women) Urethral diverticulum Neoplasm Benign or malignant bladder tumor Uterine, cervical, vaginal or urethral cancer Metabolic disorders Diabetic mellitus Diabetic insipitus Others Bladder stone or lower ureteral stone Neurogenic voiding dysfunction (eg CVA, Parkinsonism, spinal cord injury) Non-neurogenic voiding dysfunction Psychogenic (anxiety, depression, insomnia)

P C. H. Wu

~åÇ=çÄÉëÉ=é~íáÉåíëFI=áå=çêÇÉê=íç=êìäÉ=çìí=ÅóëíçÅÉäÉ=Å~ìëáåÖ=ìêÉíÜê~ä ^ë=íÜÉ=f`p=ëìÄJÅçããáííÉÉ=ëí~íÉÇI=íÜÉ=l^_=ëóãéíçã=ÅçãÄáå~J ~åÖìä~íáçåK=^=ÇáÖáí~ä=êÉÅí~ä=Éñ~ãáå~íáçå=ëÜçìäÇ=ÄÉ=êçìíáåÉ=Ñçê=ã~äÉ=é~J íáçåë=~êÉ=ëìÖÖÉëíáîÉ=çÑ=ìêçÇóå~ãáÅ~ääó=ÇÉãçåëíê~ÄäÉ=ÇÉíêìëçê íáÉåíë=çäÇÉê=íÜ~å=RMJóÉ~êJçäÇ=íç=ÅÜÉÅâ=áÑ=íÜÉêÉ=áë=_mbK=d~áí=~åÇ=íÜÉ=äçï çîÉê~ÅíáîáíóI=Äìí=Å~å=ÄÉ=ÇìÉ=íç=çíÜÉê=Ñçêãë=çÑ=ìêÉíÜêçJîÉëáÅ~ä=ÇóëÑìåÅJ Ä~Åâ=çÑ=éÉÇá~íêáÅ=é~íáÉåíë=ëÜçìäÇ=ÄÉ=Éñ~ãáåÉÇ=íç=ÉñÅäìÇÉ=~åó=åÉìêçJ íáçåK=qÜÉ=ëìÄJÅçããáííÉÉ=íÜÉå=ëìÖÖÉëíÉÇ=íÜ~í=íÜÉ=íÉêã=?l^_?=ÅçìäÇ=ÄÉ äçÖáÅ~ä=ÇÉÑáÅáí=çê=ãÉåáåÖçãóÉäçÅÉäÉK ìëÉÇ=áÑ=íÜÉêÉ=áë=åç=éêçîÉå=áåÑÉÅíáçå=çê=çíÜÉê=çÄîáçìë=é~íÜçäçÖó=xNzK=fí=áë rêáå~äóëáë=áë=ÅêìÅá~ä=çå=íÜÉ=é~íáÉåíDë=Ñáêëí=îáëáíK=fÑ=íÜÉ=êÉéçêí=êÉîÉ~äë íêìÉ=íÜ~í=~ë=ãçêÉ=áåîÉëíáÖ~íáçåë=~êÉ=éÉêÑçêãÉÇ=çå=~å=áåÇáîáÇì~ä=é~íáÉåíI ~=ìêáå~êó=íê~Åí=áåÑÉÅíáçåI=íêÉ~í=áí=Ñáêëí=ïáíÜ=~åíáÄáçíáÅë=áåëíÉ~Ç=çÑ=~åíáãìJ íÜÉ=ãçêÉ=äáâÉäó=áë=áí=íÜ~í=íÜÉ=ìåÇÉêäóáåÖ=é~íÜçäçÖó=ïáää=ÄÉ=ÇáëÅçîÉêÉÇ ëÅ~êáåáÅëK=fÑ=ÜÉã~íìêá~=áë=ÇÉíÉÅíÉÇI=áí=ïáää=ÄÉ=åÉÅÉëë~êó=íç=Çç=ÑìêíÜÉê xOzK=eçïÉîÉêI=~ÜÉ~Ç=çÑ=ÇÉÑáåáåÖ=íÜÉ=íÉêã=?l^_?I=íÜÉ=f`p=ëí~íÉÇ=íÜ~í=áå Éñ~ãáå~íáçåë=áåÅäìÇáåÖ=hr_I=êÉå~ä=ëçåçÖê~éÜóI=áåíê~îÉåçìë=ìêçÖê~J ÅäáåáÅ~ä=éê~ÅíáÅÉI=ÉãéáêáÅ~ä=Çá~ÖåçëÉë=~êÉ=çÑíÉå=ìëÉÇ=~ë=íÜÉ=Ä~ëáë=Ñçê éÜó=~åÇ=ÅóëíçëÅçéóK áåáíá~ä=ã~å~ÖÉãÉåí=~ÑíÉê=~ÅÅÉëëáåÖ=íÜÉ=áåÇáîáÇì~äDë=äçïÉê=ìêáå~êó=íê~Åí ^=ÑêÉèìÉåÅóJîçäìãÉ=ÅÜ~êíI=çê=Ää~ÇÇÉê=Çá~êóI=éêçîáÇÉë=áåÑçêã~íáçå ëóãéíçãëI=éÜóëáÅ~ä=ÑáåÇáåÖë=~åÇ=íÜÉ=êÉëìäíë=çÑ=ìêáå~äóëáë=~åÇ=çíÜÉê çå=Ç~áäó=ìêáåÉ=~ãçìåíI=Ç~áäó=ÑäìáÇ=áåí~âÉ=~ãçìåíI=ÑìåÅíáçå~ä=Ää~ÇÇÉê áåÇáÅ~íÉÇ=áåîÉëíáÖ~íáçåK=fí=íÜìë=ÄÉÅçãÉë=ÅäÉ~ê=íÜ~í=l^_=Å~å=ÄÉ=Çá~ÖJ Å~é~ÅáíóI=îçáÇáåÖ=ÑêÉèìÉåÅó=~åÇ=íÜÉ=ÉéáëçÇÉë=çÑ=ìêáåÉ=äÉ~â~ÖÉ=~åÇ åçëÉÇ=~åÇ=ÄÉ=íÜÉ=Ä~ëáë=çÑ=ÉãéáêáÅ~ä=íÜÉê~éó=ïáíÜçìí=~=ëçéÜáëíáÅ~íÉÇ ìêÖÉ=ëÉåë~íáçåK=fí=ÜÉäéë=íç=ÇáÑÑÉêÉåíá~íÉ=íÜÉ=ÉíáçäçÖó=çÑ=ìêÖÉåÅó=~åÇ ìêçÇóå~ãáÅ=ëíìÇóK=tÉáå=ëìÖÖÉëíÉÇ=íÜ~í=ìêçÇóå~ãáÅ=íÉëíáåÖ=ëÜçìäÇ=ÄÉ ÑêÉèìÉåÅóI=ëìÅÜ=~ë=éçäóìêá~I=éçäóÇáéëá~=çê=éëóÅÜçäçÖáÅ~ä=ëíêÉëëK=cìêJ êÉëÉêîÉÇ=Ñçê=é~íáÉåíë=ïÜÉêÉ=ÅçåëÉêî~íáîÉ=íÜÉê~éáÉë=Ñ~áä=çê=ïÜç=Ü~îÉ=~ íÜÉêãçêÉ=Ñêçã=íÜÉ=Çá~êó=íÜÉ=éÜóëáÅá~å=áë=~ÄäÉ=íç=ÇÉíÉêãáåÉ=íÜÉ=ëÉîÉêáíó ä~êÖÉ=éçëíJîçáÇ=êÉëáÇì~ä=ìêáåÉ=îçäìãÉI=~=äçï=ìêçÑäçï=~åÇ=áå=çíÜÉêïáëÉ çÑ=íÜÉ=l^_=ëóãéíçãëK ÅçãéäáÅ~íÉÇ=çê=ÅçåÑìëáåÖ=Å~ëÉë=xOzK rêçÑäçïãÉíêó=~åÇ=Ää~ÇÇÉê=ëçåçÖê~éÜó=Ñçê=éçëíJîçáÇáåÖ=êÉëáÇì~ä EmsoF=ãÉ~ëìêÉãÉåí=áë=çéíáçå~äK=eçïÉîÉêI=íÜÉó=ïáää=éêçîáÇÉ=ãìÅÜ=áåÑçêJ `lk`irpflk ã~íáçå=~åÇ=~êÉ=åçåJáåî~ëáîÉK=cçê=~=é~íáÉåí=ïÜç=áë=ìå~ÄäÉ=íç=éêçîáÇÉ=~ ÅçãéäÉíÉ=PJÇ~ó=ÑêÉèìÉåÅóJîçäìãÉ=ÅÜ~êíI=íÜÉ=îçáÇáåÖ=îçäìãÉ=êÉÅçêÇÉÇ cçê=íÜÉ=é~íáÉåíë=ïáíÜ=ìêáå~êó=ìêÖÉåÅó=~åÇ=çåÉ=çê=ãçêÉ=çÑ=íÜÉ=çíÜÉê Ñêçã=íÜÉ=ìêçÑäçïãÉíêó=Å~å=ÄÉ=ìëÉÇ=íç=êÉéêÉëÉåí=íÜÉ=ÑìåÅíáçå~ä=Ää~ÇÇÉê ëóãéíçãëI=áåÅäìÇáåÖ=ìêÖÉ=áåÅçåíáåÉåÅÉI=ÑêÉèìÉåÅó=~åÇ=åçÅíìêá~I=l^_ Å~é~ÅáíóI=áÑ=íÜÉ=é~íáÉåí=ìêáå~íÉë=~ë=íÜÉ=ìëì~ä=ëáíì~íáçåK=_ó=íÜÉ=ï~ó=íÜÉ áë=~=íÉåí~íáîÉ=Çá~Öåçëáë=ÄÉÑçêÉ=íÜÉ=ìåÇÉêäóáåÖ=é~íÜçäçÖó=ÅçìäÇ=ÄÉ Ñäçï=é~ííÉêåI=íÜÉ=Ñäçï=ê~íÉ=~åÇ=íÜÉ=mso=ÜÉäé=íç=~ÅÅÉëë=ïÜÉíÜÉê=íÜÉêÉ=áë ÇáëÅçîÉêÉÇK=lå=íÜÉ=çíÜÉê=ï~óI=l^_=áë=~=ÇÉÑáåáíáîÉ=Çá~Öåçëáë=áÑ=åç=é~íÜçJ îçáÇáåÖ=ÇóëÑìåÅíáçåK äçÖáÅ~ä=ÅçåÇáíáçå=ÅçìäÇ=ÄÉ=~ííêáÄìíÉÇ=íç=~ÑíÉê=~=íÜçêçìÖÜ=Éñ~ãáå~íáçåK bãéáêáÅ~ä=ÄÉÜ~îáçê=íÜÉê~éó=~åÇ=~åíáãìëÅ~êáåáÅ=~ÖÉåí=íÜÉê~éó=ã~ó=ÄÉ al=tb=kbba=rolavk^jf`p\ ~ÇãáåáëíÉêÉÇ=çåÅÉ=l^_=áë=Çá~ÖåçëÉÇK=eçïÉîÉêI=~åíáãìëÅ~êáåáÅë=~êÉ åçí=~=é~å~ÅÉ~=Ñçê=~ää=é~íáÉåíë=ïáíÜ=íÜÉ=l^_=ëóãéíçãëK=qÜÉ=éÜóëáÅá~å qÜÉ=åÉÅÉëëáíó=çÑ=~å=ìêçÇóå~ãáÅ=ëíìÇó=ÄÉÑçêÉ=ã~âáåÖ=~=Çá~Öåçëáë ëÜçìäÇ=êÉJÉñ~ãáåÉ=íÜÉ=é~íáÉåí=áÑ=ëìÅÜ=ÉãéáêáÅ~ä=íÜÉê~éáÉë=Ñ~áäK çÑ=l^_=áë=ÅçåíêçîÉêëá~äK=_ä~áî~ë=ëìÖÖÉëíÉÇ=íÜ~í=~å=ìêçÇóå~ãáÅ=íÉëí ëÜçìäÇ=ëÉêîÉ=~ë=~å=ÉëëÉåíá~ä=é~êí=çÑ=íÜÉê~éó=~åÇ=ïáää=ÜÉäé=íç=ÖìáÇÉ obcbobk`bp ÑìíìêÉ=êÉëÉ~êÅÜ=áåíç=íÜÉ=Çá~Öåçëáë=~åÇ=ã~å~ÖÉãÉåí=çÑ=l^_=xVzK=eÉ ëí~íÉÇ=íÜ~í=áÑ=ïÉ=íÜáåâ=çÑ=l^_=~ë=~=ëóãéíçã=ÅçãéäÉñ=çÑ=ìåâåçïå=ÉíáçäJ 1. Abrams P, Cardozo L, Fall M, et al: The standardisation of terminol- çÖó=~åÇ=ëáãéäó=ëÉÉâ=íêÉ~íãÉåíë=íÜ~í=~ãÉäáçê~íÉ=íÜÉ=ëóãéíçãë=ïáíÜçìí ogy of lower urinary tract function: Report from the standardisation ÇÉíÉêãáåáåÖ=íÜÉ=Å~ìëÉI=ïÉ=ëíáÑäÉ=êÉëÉ~êÅÜ=~åÇ=ÅêÉ~íáîáíó=xNMzK sub-committee of the International Continence Society. Neurourol aáÖÉëì=d^=Éí=~ä=êÉéçêíÉÇ=íÜ~í=NISQN=EPSKRBF=çìí=çÑ=QIRMM=ïçãÉå Urodyn 2002; 21:167-178. 2. Wein AJ, Rackley RR: Overactive bladder: A better understanding ïáíÜ=äçïÉê=ìêáå~êó=íê~Åí=ëóãéíçãë=ïÜç=êÉÅÉáîÉÇ=~å=ìêçÇóå~ãáÅ=ëíìÇó of pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. J Urol 2006; 175: Ü~Ç=ÇÉíêìëçê=çîÉê~Åíáîáíó=EalF=xNNzI=Äìí=çåäó=OTKRB=çÑ=íÜÉ=al=é~íáÉåíë S5-S10. EQRT=çÑ=NISQNF=Ü~Ç=l^_=ëóãéíçãëK=lå=íÜÉ=çíÜÉê=ï~óI=UQP=ENUKTBF=çÑ 3. Milson I, Abrams P, Cardozo L, Roberts RG, Thuroff J, Wein AJ: íÜÉ=QIRMM=ïçãÉå=ïáíÜ=irqp=ïÉêÉ=Åä~ëëáÑáÉÇ=~ë=Ü~îáåÖ=l^_=Ä~ëÉÇ=çå How widespread are the symptoms of an overactive bladder and ÅäáåáÅ~ä=ëóãéíçãëK=lÑ=íÜÉëÉ=UQP=é~íáÉåíëI=RQKOB=Ü~Ç=ìêçÇóå~ãáÅ~ääó how are they managed? A population-based prevalence study. BJU éêçîÉå=ÇÉíêìëçê=çîÉê~ÅíáîáíóI=ïÜÉêÉ~ë=QRKUB=Ü~Ç=~=ëí~ÄäÉ=ìêçÇóå~ãáÅ Int 2001; 87:760-766. íê~ÅÉK=_~ëÉÇ=çå=íÜÉ=êÉëìäíë=íÜÉó=ÅçåÅäìÇÉÇ=íÜ~í=Çá~ÖåçëáåÖ=l^_=Ñêçã 4. Abrams P: Describing bladder storage function: Overactive bladder syndrome and detrusor overactivity. Urology 2003; 62(5 Suppl 2): ìêáå~êó=ëóãéíçãë=ìåÇÉêJÇá~ÖåçëÉë=íÜÉ=ÇÉíêìëçê=çîÉê~ÅíáîáíóI=ïÜáÅÜ=íÜÉó 28-37. ÄÉäáÉîÉÇ=ëÜçìäÇ=ÄÉ=íêÉ~íÉÇK=qÜÉêÉÑçêÉ=íÜÉó=ëìÖÖÉëíÉÇ=íÜ~í=~å 5. Barry MJ, Fowler FJ Jr, O'Leary MP, et al: The American Urological ìêçÇóå~ãáÅ=ëíìÇó=áë=ã~åÇ~íçêó=áå=íÜÉ=ã~å~ÖÉãÉåí=çÑ=íÜÉ=ïçãÉå=ïáíÜ Association symptom index for benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol l^_=ëóãéíçãëK 1992; 148:1549-1564. eçïÉîÉêI=?çîÉê~ÅíáîÉ=Ää~ÇÇÉê?=áë=åçí=Éèì~ä=íç=?ÇÉíêìëçê=çîÉê~Åíáîáíó?K 6. Knutson T, Edlund C, Fall M, Dahlstrand C: BPH with coexisting l^_=áë=~=ëóãéíçã~íáÅ=Çá~ÖåçëáëI=ïÜÉêÉ~ë=al=áë=~å=ìêçÇóå~ãáÅ overactive bladder dysfunction -- an everyday urological dilemma. Çá~ÖåçëáëK=få=~åçíÜÉê=~êíáÅäÉI=j~ÇÉêëÄ~ÅÜÉê=ëí~íÉÇ=íÜ~í=çåäó=RMB=çÑ Neurourol Urodyn 2001; 20:237-247. 7. Tong YC: OAB--The apocalypse. Neurourol Urodyn 2003; 22:89. é~íáÉåíë=ïáíÜ=l^_=Ü~îÉ=ÇÉíêìëçê=çîÉê~Åíáîáíó=~åÇI=çå=íÜÉ=çíÜÉê=Ü~åÇ 8. Madersbacher H: Overactive bladder: A clinical entity or a market- RMB=çÑ=íÜçëÉ=ïÜç=ëÜçï=ÇÉíêìëçê=çîÉê~Åíáîáíó=Äó=ìêçÇóå~ãáÅë=Ü~îÉ=åç ing hype? Eur Urol 2005; 47:273-276. ÅäáåáÅ~ä=ëóãéíçãë=xUzK=cçê=íÜÉ=~ëóãéíçã~íáÅ=al=é~íáÉåíëI=ÇÉíêìëçê 9. Flisser AJ, Blaivas JG: Role of cystometry in evaluating patients çîÉê~Åíáîáíó=ãáÖÜí=ÄÉ=éêçîçâÉÇ=ÇìÉ=íç=íÜÉ=åçåJéÜóëáçäçÖáÅ~ä=Ää~ÇÇÉê with overactive bladder. Urology 2002; 60(Suppl 1):33-42. áåÑìëáçå=ê~íÉ=ÇìêáåÖ=íÜÉ=ìêçÇóå~ãáÅ=ëíìÇóI=ïÜáÅÜ=áë=ìëì~ääó=Ñ~ëíÉê=íÜ~å 10. Blaivas JG: Overactive bladder: Symptom or syndrome? BJU Int åçêã~ä=ìêáåÉ=éêçÇìÅíáçå=ê~íÉK=qÜÉêÉÑçêÉ=al=Çá~ÖåçëÉÇ=Äó=~å=ìêçÇóJ 2003; 92:521-522. å~ãáÅ=ëíìÇó=áë=åçí=åÉÅÉëë~êáäó=ëáÖåáÑáÅ~åí=~åÇ=~ëóãéíçã~íáÅ=al=ÇçÉë 11. Digesu GA, Khullar V, Cardozo L, Salvatore S: Overactive bladder syndrome: Do we need urodynamics? Neurourol Urodyn 2003; 22: åçí=åÉÅÉëë~êáäó=êÉèìáêÉ=íÜÉê~éóK 105-108. Q