PAN AFRICAN VISIONS MARKETING AFRICAN SUCCESS STORIES & MORE MAG 1218 Vol 1, December 2018 www.panafricanvisions.com

Democracy - Good Governance - Corruption - African Union The Year In Africa With, Professor George Ayittey.

Bold and Kagame and The Back on the Rails. Sierra Leone: The MERCK Foundation Innovative: How Herculean Task Finance Minister Second Coming Of and the Prime Minster of Reforming the Calle Schlettwein Julius Maada Wonie Redefinition of Abiy Ahmed Is African Union On Economic Bio Partnership in Refreshing African Prospects in Africa Leadership Namibia PAGE 10 PAGE 14 PAGE 31 PAGE 26 PAGE 23 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

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2 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Contonts PAN AFRICAN VISIONs CONTENTS A Foot Note With Hurricane Ahmad______2 rest of Africa-A Conversation With Former Finance Minister Geb- reselassie Tesfamichael______31 Refreshing To See African leaders crafting their own reform initia- tives to fight corruption - Prof George Ayittey______3 No Retreat No Surrender: Southern Africa and the Land Reform Quagmire ______32 Bold and Innovative: How Prime Minster Abiy Ahmed Is Refreshing African Leadership ______10 South Sudan: SPLM party retreat to halt partition______34

Cameroon in The turbulent zone: Anglophone crisis proving to be a Strong Political Will Needed to Take Gender Issues Seriously in tough test for Biya's government______13 Sierra Leone- Naasu Fofanah______36

Kagame and His Insurmountable Task of Reforming the African Finding My Way and Becoming QueenMother: An American Jour- Union: A Look at How He Has Fared As His Term Comes To an ney______40 End ______14 Economic Liberalization and Democracy As The Way Forward for Namibia's Economy Is Back On The Rails-Finance Minister Calle Africa______43 Schlettwein______16 America Gets Tough on Africa ______46 The Handshake that transformed Kenyan politics______18 Kenya At 55: The Promise Lives On Amid The Odds______47 Mozambique: Nyusi's Administration Under Fire for Security Laps- Zimbabwe's Ruling Party Propose to Raise the Minimum Presiden- es______20 tial Age Limit ______49 MERCK Foundation and the Redefinition of Partnership in Africa- Africa's Gloomy Outlook Of Cholera Contributes To Global Health On Building Health Care Capacities in Africa count on the Merck Crisis.______51 Foundation-CEO Rasha Kelej______23 Global anti-corruption laurel for Nuhu Ribadu______53 The Second Coming Of Julius Maada Wonie Bio______26 Cameroon: Football in continuous limping______55 Zuma Out, Ramaphosa In: Assessing Ramaphosa's First 10 Months At The Helm in South Africa______28 A year of engagement in Africa with the Merck Foundation.___ 57

The Eritrean Spirit of Self Reliance Should be an inspiration to the

Managing Editor Alexandre Nhampossa, Ajong Mbapndah L Ishmael Sallieu Graphics Designer Pan African Visions Koroma, Atemnkeng Jerry M, Contributors Teslim Olawore (Young Jerry) 7614 Green Willow Court, Hyattsville, MD Wallace Mawire Nevson Mpofu EC designs, Abudhabi - UAE 20785 Deng Machol Boris Esono Nwenfor +971 525 925 303 Tel: 2404292177, Papisdaff Abdullah Intern Sandra Ngang [email protected] Ajayi Olyinka email: [email protected], Prince Kuripati [email protected] Hategeka Moses Advertising ______Paul Night Email: Asong Zelifac marketing@ Samuel Ouma panafricanvisions. Primus Tazanu com Ahmed Mheta

PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 1 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa A Foot Note With Hurricane Ahmad By Ajong Mbapndah L hmad Ahmad the as November, it lost one of was in touch with President of the its spots for a continental reality , how will his AConfederation of club competition because it government continue African football is turning out did not meet the dateline for to handle such a to be a very enigmatic figure. submitting its representative. serious crisis with so Not a popular figure, and How a country mired in much callousness? from Madagascar, a country interminable crisis managing Beyond the not known for any football its football could host a economic and prowess in Africa, the sporting nations cup was always mind sporting perils that world was shocked in 2017 boggling. such a ridicule entails, when Ahmad defeated Issa The second lesson is that the decision of Ahmad Hayatou of Cameroon who Cameroonians must learn not Ahmad has further had served uninterrupted as just to be angry, but to channel exposed the ills the President of CAF since the anger into stronger plaguing Cameroon 1988. As if the man has an demands for reforms. It is to the wider world. axe to grind with Cameroon, now public knowledge that A country with he recently soured Christmas heavily inflated contracts enormous potential by withdrawing the hosting were given to cronies. Prices led by a leader rights of the 2019 nations of commodities inflated. who has outlived cup from the country that has Curiously, even some of the his usefulness, represented Africa at seven diehard supporters of the surrounded by world cups, won 5 nations President are calling for aides who put self cup and produced some of the heads to roll. So far Mr Biya before country, global icons in the game like is still to take action. where tribalism and Samuel Eto’o, Roger Milla, In trying to justify their incompetence excels, Ajong Mbapndah L, Managing Editor Bell Joseph Antoine, Thomas decision, Ahmad Ahmad where embezzlement will be scrutinized. The have sued for peace, Eritrea Nkono and others. and his team have made of public funds thrives. world is watching Cameroon. and Ethiopia have settled Far from biased, hatred, a number of staggering In a country where The CAN debacle could be their own conflict, dialogue or yet another conspiracy to revelations including one leadership is accountable, a wake up call. It is time between President Uhuru bring down the government that Aides to President Biya this CAN fiasco would have to show the world that his Kenyatta and opposition as some holier than thou were presenting him with been enough to bring down campaign slogan “The force challenger Raila Odinga has partisans of Mr Biya claim, bogus reports on the state the government. Officials of experience” meant more reduced tensions in Kenya. Ahmad Ahmad may have of preparation. If this is true concerned will not even wait just words. That experience Indeed, the year was not all rescued Cameroon from than what else have Aides lied to be fired, they will own should be used in resolving doom for Africa. Hopefully a bigger international to Mr Biya about? Is he aware up to their shortcomings the ongoing Anglophone the continent will continue to embarrassment if the of the carnage in the North and do the honorable thing crisis, that experience should build on its successes in the tournament had taken place. West, and South Regions of by resigning, helas we are be used in suing for peace, new year. Despite the colossal sums the country? Is he aware that talking of Cameroon here. in calling for broad, and In this last issue, we take a set aside by the government Cameroon is on the brink of For embezzlement of circa comprehensive dialogue, it look at the year in Africa with for new infrastructure, the collapse? Is the President 500.000 frs CFA during should make him know that Prof George Ayittey, one the progress was too slow. Each in the right frame of mind the 1972 CAN in Cameroon, releasing all the Anglophones most respected voices from time Ahmad complained to diligently discharge his senior officials in the detained will be a sign of Africa on the international that Cameroon was not ready duties? government of President strength and not weakness. scene. From AU reforms, to to host even a tournament If he was, how comes he Ahmadou Ahidjo went to Considering that the CAF the handshake in Kenya , of four nations, instead of could not even find time to jail. Today with billions President has indicated that the reform minded agenda speeding up preparations, visit construction work on up in smoke, culprits are Cameroon can host the 2021 of Prime Minister Abiy the Ahmad Ahmad was called one of the stadiums named going about their business African Nations, this should hyper activism of the Maerck names. While it is no use after him a few miles from unperturbed. How will a give him time to restore Foundation in Africa, and crying over spilt milk, there where he lives? If he is, how country make progress? sanity to the spending spree more, PAV runs through the are a number of important will he think that Ambazonia As we pointed out in and corruption fest going on. year with you . To you and all lessons that Cameroon must fighters will lay down their our last editorial, whereas While Cameroon continues yours Happy Christmas and a learn. arms just because he said so Biya has opted for a life to remain stagnant and prosperous new year 2019 in For the last ten years or without a political solution presidency, this mandate regress, the rest of Africa is advance. so, Cameroon has not had a to the problems that sparked will be one of all dangers for firmly on the move. Feuding football federation. As recent off the current crisis? If he him. Every move and action parties in South Sudan 2 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Refreshing To See African leaders crafting their own reform initiatives to fight corruption - Prof George Ayittey By Ajong Mbapndah L

or decades the presidency itself Ghanaian has not been spared Feconomist, the embarrassment of author and president having to suspend key of the Free Africa aides over alleged graft. Foundation in Olusegun Obasanjo, Washington DC, Prof former president of George Ayittey has been Nigeria, once dismissed relentless in speaking its National Assembly as truth to power in Africa. «an assembly of thieves A staunch proponent and looters.» Similarly, of African solutions in Kenya and Tanzania to African problems, bodies charged with fighting corruption fighting corruption were is a crusade he made themselves found to be personal. Discussing riddled with corruption. the year in Africa, Prof Personalization is Ayittey known for his yet another obstacle acerbic critique of that has stymied the corrupt African leaders, reform effort. Presidents Prof Ayittey has spent a life time speaking truth to power in Africa says reform initiatives Buhari, Mnangagwa, and in a number of African The main thing that stood courted to participate in On June 23 a bomb blast John Magufuli of Tanzania countries were laudable. out and threatened to put me railway service, electricity, rocked a rally Prime Minister have adopted a highly Listed in 2008 by Foreign out of business was the reform shipping, and other services. Ahmed was attending, killing personalized approach to Policy Magazine as one of the initiative undertaken by some It seems the reforms have also three people and injuring fighting corruption. Such “Top 100 Public Intellectuals African leaders themselves encouraged the Ethiopian 160. The Prime Minister personalization gives the shaping the tenor of our in Angola, Ethiopia, Ghana, rebel group Ogaden National escaped unhurt. At about the erroneous impression that time,” Prof Ayittey cited Nigeria and Tanzania. As you Liberation Front to lay down same time, some 2,000 miles fighting corruption is the the examples of Ethiopia, know, I have been preaching their weapons and declare a away in Harare, Zimbabwe, task of the president. The Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, African solutions for African cease-fire. President Emmerson corrupt may also get the Rwanda and Zimbabwe as problems, so I was elated to In Nigeria, President Mnangagwa – a self- idea that if they bump off countries grappling with see African leaders crafting Muhammadu Buhari is acclaimed reformer suffered the person leading the battle serious reforms. From conflict their own reform initiatives to making some admirable an attack at a political rally. they can shut down the resolution to regime changes, fight corruption, for example. efforts to tackle corruption, In other countries, the whole process. Corruption is Chinese influence, and more, Several countries are and in Ghana, the new credibility of reformers has a breach of the rule of law, Prof Ayittey shares his take grappling with serious reform president, Nana Akufo-Addo, been a problem. and the fight should be an on major developments that efforts, including Ethiopia, has appointed Martin Amidu In Zimbabwe, the anti- ongoing process regardless marked the year in Africa Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, as the Special Prosecutor corruption czar, Ngonidzashe of who the president is. and perspectives on the years Rwanda, and Zimbabwe. on Corruption. Amidu was Gumbo, was himself a And to fight corruption ahead. Ethiopia’s new prime a former attorney general bandit, jailed 10 years for effectively, one only needs minister, Abiy Ahmed, who was sacked in 2013 by defrauding the commission a free media to expose it, a Thanks so much for is trying to liberalize the President John Mahama of $435,000. Nigeria finds pugnacious attorney general accepting to discuss economy after decades of for refusing to authorize itself in a similar situation to prosecute the corrupt, and the year in Africa with Marxist adventurism. State- payments that he thought where the anti-corruption an independent judiciary to us, before we delve into owned enterprises including were fraudulent. commission – the Economic enforce the rule of law and to specific developments, Ethiopian Airlines are being However, there been some and Financial Crimes punish the corrupt for all to may we know some privatized and political strong push back from those Commission (EFCC) – started see. Sadly, these institutions significant developments prisoners are being released. who benefit from the rotten prosecuting its own officials do not exist in the vast that stood out for you? Private investors are being status quo. for alleged corruption. And majority of African countries. PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 3 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa own Auditor Gen.’s report he set up the Commission to hit them hard. Nobody on Human Rights and would accuse you of using Justice (CHRAJ). When the information from “imperialist Commission fingered four sources or propaganda.” ministers for corruption in Thus, if corruption is 1996, Pres. Rawlings issued pervasive it may be because of a government White Paper to any of the following 4 reasons exonerate them! 1. The media does 4. A one-party state, not expose it either because or rubber stamp Parliament the media is controlled by would obviously, be the state or the independent ineffective in stamping out media and the opposition corruption. Such was the case choose to focus elsewhere in Ghana in 1993, for example, else and not the Auditor- Ghana›s Auditor General General’s Report. released a report that detailed 2. Some institution or a catalogue of corruption agency in the government – and embezzlement by high George Ayittey, economist from Ghana, signing his book Africa Unchained - the blueprint for Africa›s future with Bono. the Comptroller/Accountant- government officials, costing General, Auditor-General, a staggering 401 billion cedis In Zimbabwe, the recent to target in the war against that PAC may haul in the Attorney-General or (about $400 million) over a election results have further corruption. Minister of Education to Parliament is not doing its ten-year period (1983-1992). dimmed prospects for lasting Each year, the explain how his ministry job. If so, then sack each of But not one single bandit was reform. Comptroller/Accountant- spent $40 million on just them. For example, for 20 indicted. Here is the CORRECT General is required by law three classroom blocks. If years (1991 - 2011) Amos What was waged in the Way to Fight Corruption or the constitution to submit the Minister is unable to Wacko, the former Attorney past was coconut combat. in Africa. an accounting report of all answer satisfactorily and General of Kenya, never Asked to fight corruption, To fight corruption government expenditures, PAC suspects embezzlement caught one official bandit! they set up an anti-corruption effectively in Africa, one does both at home and abroad in and a cover-up, it may refer On the other hand, the Atty. commission with no teeth. not need new committees, the embassies. This report the case to the Attorney- Gen. of Ghana Martin Amidu And when the anti-corruption councils or commissions set must be submitted to the General for prosecution and did his job by refusing to czar sniffed too close to the up by the president. It creates Auditor-General within a recovery of the loot. Then the authorize payment for a fat bandits, they wrote a the FALSE impression that specified period of time. It Attorney-General may hand suspicious bill in the Woyome White Paper to exonerate presidential leadership is is 90 days in Ghana. Upon the case over to the State corruption scandal and he, the corrupt ministers needed to fight corruption. receipt, the Auditor-General Prosecutor to seek conviction Martin, was sacked in 2012. fingered (Ghana in 1996). Or Mechanisms already exist then goes through the expense in court. Note: There is no Remember $20 billion of they immediately shut the to fight against corruption account or accounting involvement by the President, Nigeria›s oil money that is commission down, In Kenya, and should be allowed to report with a fine comb, who, on his own volition, may still missing? When Sanusi, the czar, John Githongo had operate, regardless of who noting suspicious payments, request the resignation of the the former governor of the to flee Kenya for Britain in the president is. In fact, the financial irregularities and Minister of Education. Bank of Nigeria informed 2005 after receiving death president shouldn’t come malfeasance. For example, In general, this is how Pres. Jonathan in Feb 2014, threats. In Nigeria, Mallam anywhere near this campaign, suppose an entry showed the government system it was he, the Governor, who Nuhu Ribadu was sent off to let alone become involved that $40 million was spent is supposed to cleanse was sacked for «financial Britain for “further studies” in it. What if the president by the Ministry of Education itself automatically. It recklessness and misconduct. in 2006. Zambia’s anti- himself is a bandit, as was to build just three classroom must be stressed that even 3. The President corruption czar, Maxwell the case in Nigeria (Abacha) blocks. This expenditure if the President and the appoints the Accountant Nkole, was sacked on Aug 29, or Kenya (Moi)? Fancy this may be queried in the Attorney-General fail to – General, the Auditor- 2009. In Tanzania, the entire in Liberia and in South Africa Auditor-General’s Report, act, parliamentary accounts Gen and the Atty. Gen. and Cabinet was dissolved in Just as each institution is which must, within 90 days, committee or PAC can still refuses to sack them for Feb 2008 over a corruption required to police and cleanse be submitted to three key push this issue forward. So personal or political reasons. scandal, involving the award itself, the government as entities: the President, the forget about setting up an In this case, amend the of $172.5 million contract an entity is also required to Public Accounts Committee Anti-Corruption Commission Constitution, so that the to supply 100 megawatts of do so through this process. (PAC) of Parliament and the like the EFCC in Nigeria. By president does not have to emergency power to a Texas The government has a Attorney-General. the time the commission is appoint them. Consider this: based company that did not Comptroller-Accountant- Upon receipt, the Attorney- set up, it is too late. The loot in Ghana, President Rawlings exist. Then it was discovered General, Auditor-General General must confer with the is already long gone, un- executed by firing squad two that the anti-corruption and Attorney-General. These president on the appropriate retrievable. former heads of state for czar, Dr Edward Hosea, are the three key officials measures to take. Failing Use the government’s corruption in 1979. In 1994, himself was implicated. In 4 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs South Africa, the Scorpions, misappropriation of state an effective anti-corruption land” (The Wall Street unit was disbanded by Journal, March 31, 2016) President Thabo Mbeki in It should be clear from Oct 2008. The Scorpions the above that all you need were quite effective, securing to fight corruption is paying a conviction rate of nearly heed to the revelations in 90 per cent. Following the Auditor Gen.’s Report. allegations of corruption, But some countries play the Scorpions raided of footsie with the report. homes of high-ranking Nigeria for example, plays politicians within the ANC hide and seek. It deliberately Party, including then Deputy underfunds the office of the President Jacob Zuma, Auditor Gen. to prevent him former Transport Minister from doing this work. The Mac Maharaj and Durban auditor general has an official businessman and Zuma’s website. When I visited the former financial adviser, site, the latest report was for Schabir Shaik. Shaik was 2007 -- 10 years out of date. convicted on fraud and Even then, when I visited corruption charges relating the site again, that report to South African Arms deal. had mysteriously vanished. Then Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and George Ayittey ,US Sate Department, August 1, 2009. Charges against former To read the auditor Gen.’s Deputy President Jacob Zuma report, you are requested fill General, Auditor-General reform? to allow confiscation of land were dropped. In Zimbabwe, out a small form, giving your and Attorney-General The arrogance of power and without compensation can be the anti-corruption czar, name and email address. independent of the Executive complacency are becoming secured with majority vote in Ngonidzashe Gumbo, was Now how many people do by having them appointed by the bane of the ANC in Parliament but would wreak himself a bandit, jailed for you think would give their the opposition or Parliament, South Africa. Its support devastating results on the 10 years for defrauding the email address to an agency not the President. among blacks is slipping and economy. commission of $435,000. of the Nigerian government? To conclude, no new opposition parties, such as the That main sticking point is Elsewhere, the bodies set up If nobody, then how would commissions, committees Democratic Alliance and the compensation. Most people to fight corruption in Kenya Nigerians know their wealth or laws are required to fight Economic Freedom Fighters, agree that the land in many and Tanzania are themselves is being looted? corruption effectively. Just have been gaining in strength. cases was unlawfully seized also corrupt. •Setting up a Directorate enforce and strengthen Following mounting evidence from black owners and should In Egypt, when Hisham on Corruption and Economic already existing laws and of corruption against Pres. be returned. However, the Geneina, head of the Crime that is independent of institutions charged with Zuma, the ANC had no choice current white owners insist government’s Central the Executive and reports to fighting it. but to force him to resign. He that, since they have made Auditing Authority, alleged Parliament, as Botswana has faces some 782 charges of improvements to the land, publicly in 2015 that from done We will now try to cover corruption, including the use they should be compensated. 2012-15, some $76 billion Implementing additional important developments of state funds to renovate his I agreed to that but in my were siphoned from Egypt’s measures, such as “Report in all the sub regions of private home at Nkandla. view, compensation cuts both coffers through pervasive Bribe Takers for a Reward” the continent and let’s Regarding the land issue, ways. corruption from the bottom and a “Whistleblower” start with South Africa I think the ANC mishandled In a court of law if you of the nation’s massive public program. “Pay No Bribe” and the resignation of it. This is particularly deprive somebody of the use sector to the top, he was initiative in Sierra Leone Jacob Zuma. It was the perplexing because it had of their property to generate immediately placed under •Cross-country audit. second time a President the disastrous results of income you are liable to house arrest. “Geneina will Use auditors from Kenya in was forced out in that land reform in Zimbabwe compensate the owner of face prosecution for speaking Liberia and Nigerian auditors country before the – right next door – to learn the loss of that income. out against corruption and in Zimbabwe, etc. See this expiration of his term, from. The land issue is not For example, if you stole moving to hold figures from example is this a sign of vibrant one to be solved politically somebody’s taxi which makes Egypt’s executive, judiciary •Fearlessly defend the democracy and how is with a majority vote. This is $500 a day and returned it 10 and police accountable Auditor General and the Atty. the current President one particular issue where days later, you may be liable in court for widespread Gen. This is what Egyptian Cyril Ramaphosa doing populism does not necessarily to pay the owner $5000 in graft ranging from day-to- lawyers did admirably especially with the coincide with efficiency. A compensation in addition to day bribes to large-scale •Make the Accountant- thorny issue of land constitutional amendment the fine that would be slapped

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PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 5 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa Inside Africa on you by the court for your Mnangagwa? including more crime. Thus, the original The credibility of President than 1,000 people owners of land in South Africa Mnangagwa as a reformer about 100 years are entitled to compensation is also dubious at best. The old and older; four for being deprived of the economy was destroyed by were even born in use of their land to generate violent seizures of white the 1880s. Voter income. commercial farmlands in the intimidation and Such an issue is best 1990s and foreign investors vote buying were handled by a multi-racial stayed away. The currency rampant. Even and multi-partisan land collapsed in 2009 after bouts the results bore commission with its of hyperinflation that once the telltale sign of recommendations binding on reached 1 million percent. election rigging: the government. I don’t think Election violence in 2008 “Mnangagwa it is too late to set up such a earned the country U.S. and won 50.8% of commission. EU sanctions. Shortages votes to 44.3% Regarding the new of foreign exchange for opposition president, Cyril Ramaphosa, crimp production, while leader Chamisa” I do not think he will get very unemployment hovers at 80 to give the false far with reforms. He will be percent. impression that fiercely rebuffed within the When Zimbabwe’s military it was a very ANC. Let’s not forget that he generals ousted long-serving close race and was part of the same corrupt despot Robert Mugabe in he won barely cabal that has brought South November 2017 and installed scraping through Africa to its knees. The Emmerson Mnangagwa as by the skin of his democratic dispensation has the new president, most teeth to avoid a not brought any tangible international observers, runoff! This is the benefits to the black majority. pundits and donors held up standard trick of Unemployment remains their noses and gave him the African dictators. unacceptably high – at about chance to craft and implement Overall, ZANU- Prof Ayittey has been one of the most prolific writers on Africa. 40%. The delivery of social the reforms that the PF won 145out services has been abysmal. country desperately needs. of 210 seats in Parliament of opposition protests that in some trouble after This standard of education, Mnangagwa vowed to end (69percent), while the MDC claimed six lives after the July defaulting its Chinese healthcare and sanitation the country’s international gained 65 seats. ZANU-PF 30 election. loans, what can Prof tell remains very poor. The isolation, woo back investors has a parliamentary supra- Zimbabwe’s tragedy us on this, and in follow current rolling blackouts and compensate white majority with which the party illustrates Africa’s reform up to the China chapter, to ration electricity has hit commercial farmers. But old can change the Constitution conundrum. The country is the Chinese presence upcoming black businesses habits die hard. at will. sorely needs reform. But in Africa a blessing or a the hardest. Mnangagwa is known as This bodes ill for country reform cannot be delivered curse? Soon after apartheid was the “Crocodile” for the sly that desperately needs because either the credibility Zambia is over-extended in dismantled in 1994, a Black gaze he gives his rivals before reform. Complicating of the reformer is dubious Chinese loans. In July 2018, it Economic Empowerment moving swiftly to crush them. matters, the military generals or there is strong pushback defaulted on its Chinese loans (BEE) program was initiated He was Mugabe’s right-hand who installed Mnangagwa by the corrupt. Failure to and China seized control of to help blacks acquire a piece man, and as security chief he have little appetite for reform. achieve reform through the its power utility company, of the national pie. But most oversaw the massacre of about After his ouster, an angry ballot box too often leads to ZESCO. It stands to lose more of the beneficiaries of the 20,000 Ndebele dissidents Mugabe asked the generals civil war – witness Liberia of its national assets as it program were ANC stalwarts who questioned Mugabe’s to account for $15 billion (1990), Somalia (1991), defaults. such as Tony Yengeni, rule in the early 1980s. But the military is accused of Rwanda (1994), Zaire (1996), The Chinese presence in Tokyo Sexwale and Cyril in a rigged election in July plundering from the Marange Sierra Leone (1997), Ivory Africa is neither a blessing Ramaphosa. As a reformer, 2018 that was marred by diamond fields. Worse, Coast (2005), and Libya nor a curse. I characterize Ramaphosa’s credibility is violence (protests left seven Mnangagwa’s feud with his (2011). All of these countries their inroads into Africa as dubious but, tragically, he is people dead) Mnangagwa deputy president, General were destroyed because they “chopsticks mercantilism.” the best man around. showed that the Croc is no Constantine Chiwenga, has lacked the mechanisms for Our leaders operate on the reformer. The election bore broken out into the open – peaceful change. Tragically, fallacious notion that “the What is your take all the hallmarks of the long- a power struggle over the there are many other African enemy of my enemy must be on the post Mugabe ruling ZANU-PF party’s usual leadership of the ruling countries today that still lack my friend.” Since China is era in Zimbabwe and machinations. ZANU-PF party. Chiwenga this same mechanism. the enemy of the West, China the election of a new The voters’ register was is suspected of abetting the must be Africa’s friend. What President in Emmerson padded with fictitious names, brutal military crackdown Zambia seems to be is amazing is the refusal of 6 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs became migrants trying to cross the Mediterranean and perishing at sea. Hopefully now that peace has been restored between Ethiopia and Eritrea: the National Service will be abolished, political prisoners in Eritrea released some political reforms implemented – just as Ethiopia has been doing.

We move from there to Kenya ,where a handshake between President Uhuru Kenyatta and his opposition challenger Raila Odinga , could this be a lesson to leaders across Africa on putting Prof Ayittey and Mo-Ibrahim ,united in a common course to improve democracy and good gouvernance country first? in Africa The handshake between President Uhuru Kenyatta African leaders to learn from Africa’s loans. It is way past time to make and his opposition challenger own history. some African leaders understand Raila Odinga is not a model to be Our history documents that every In the horn of Africa, reason that winning independence for a emulated. First, it was not done foreign entity that goes to Africa does seems to have prevailed and country or saving the country from properly; it should have been done so to pursue their interest. Americans President Salva Kiir and a catastrophe does not give anyone openly in the presence of other go to Africa to pursue American his estranged former Vice the license to do what he pleases with opposition leaders and Not behind interests. The French, French President Riek Machar have the country. The leaders of Eritrea, closed doors. interests. The Arabs pursue Arabs mended fences , do you see Rwanda and Uganda must also be Second, we need a strong interests. Certainly the Chinese are a fresh beginning for South told this. opposition to make democracy work not in Africa because they love black Sudan? in Africa. Handshakes compromise people soooo much. I have palpable contempt for Ethiopia and Eritrea also the credibility of the opposition Fortunately, some African President Salva Kiir and his estranged ended decades of conflict, what leaders regardless of how honest countries are beginning to realize former Vice President Riek Machar. I did you make of this? their intentions are. Indeed after this. Kenya declined a Chinese loan. have little patience for them. They The war between the two countries, that famous handshake in Kenya, Sierra Leone followed suit by turning need to understand that South Sudan from 1998 to 2000, was Africa’s most the opposition went quiet and has down a $400 million C does not belong to them, although idiotic Civil War. Two of the world’s remained moribund. It suggests that I am not suggesting that we they waged its wall of liberation that poorest nations were spending $1 Odinga might have been seriously should not borrow from a Chinese. created the country in 2010 – only to million a month each to purchase compromised or even “bought.” He In fact, there is nothing wrong with be plunged into civil war by a power weapons to hammer themselves has since accepted AU position to borrowing from foreign sources struggle three years later. over a worthless piece of real estate oversee infrastructure development provided the loan is used productively In a traditional African village when at the border town of Badme. They and the opposition in Kenya has to generate a return that can be used two combatants become intransigent would stop, apologize for the civilian become noticeably quiet. to repay or amortize the loan. In and impervious to reason they can casualties, bury them and then Right now, Pres. Kenyatta faces no fact too many cases in Africa, our be expelled from the village in order resume pounding each other again. opposition and this is dangerous. leaders borrowed money and used to have peace. That is exactly what Since 2000 both countries have the proceeds unproductively – to pay should have happened in South Sudan used the state of war to establish Be it in South Sudan, Ethiopia- salaries of civil servants, to establish by expelling the two nut- cases. The repressive societies. This was more Eritrea, and even in Kenya, unprofitable state-owned enterprises, Civil War – from 2013 to 2018 – has evident in Eritrea, which earned the we noticed that it was Africans to purchase weapons or to embezzle claimed more than 383,000 and more reputation of being called the North themselves who took the lead it. That’s what got many African than 3 million internally displaced Korea of Africa. It used the war to in resolving their conflicts, countries into a debt crisis in the people or refugees – all because of demand National Service from its how can this trend be emulated 1980s. Unfortunately, many of them the political ambition of two lunatics. youth many of who fled the country to across Africa? are doing the same with the Chinese And I am not backing down. evade the draft. Many subsequently It is true they took themselves PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 7 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

in trying to resolve their excluded in the conflicts but they were trying negotiations. to implement the WRONG 4. There is no model. Africans have been arbiter to enforce trying to resolve conflicts compliance themselves since 1990. Some with the rules. approaches have worked Recalcitrant but others have not. It is combatants can important to discuss this hold an entire more fully because conflicts country hostage, have destroyed many African in Congo DR, countries. Madagascar, The Western approach Mozambique, to crisis/conflict resolution South Sudan, etc. has not worked well in 4. T h e Prof. George Ayittey postcolonial Africa. It indigenous involves direct, face-to- African approach avoids Mali, South Africa, and dismantled. The constitution be a corrupt, incompetent face negotiations between these pitfalls. When a crisis Zambia. The village meeting was rewritten and the buffoon, who brought the combatants/disputants – erupts in an African village, metastasize into a Sovereign nation’s first free elections country to a standstill because often the government on the chief and the elders would National Conference (SNC) were scheduled for June a rift between him and his one side and rebel forces, convene a village meeting. with an arbiter and most 1992. Before the conference, prime minister. He was protesters, etc. on the other There the issue would be importantly, the participation Congo was among Africa’s ousted by General Ibrahim side. This approach often debated by the people until a of civil society/ most avowedly Marxist- Mainassara in a coup in culminates in a Government consensus is reached. During Benin’s nine-day Leninist states. A Western January 1996 and the general of National Unity (GNU). But the debate, the chief, acting “Sovereign National business executive said, “The himself was assassinated GNU has NEVER worked in as an arbiter, usually makes Conference” began on 19 remarkable thing is that the three years later by the head postcolonial Africa: in Angola no effort to manipulate the February 1990, with 488 revolution occurred without a of his own presidential guard, (1992), Congo DR (1997), outcome or sway public delegates, representing single shot being fired … (and) Colonel Dauoda Wanke in Ivory Coast (2000), Liberia opinion. Nor are there various political, religious, if it can happen here, it can 1999. (2003), Sudan (2004), Kenya bazooka-wielding rogues, trade union, and other groups happen anywhere” (The New In South Africa, the vehicle (2008), Zimbabwe (2008), intimidating or instructing encompassing the broad York Times, 25 June 1991, used to make that difficult etc. people on what they should spectrum of Beninois society. A8).Unfortunately, General but peaceful transition to The Western approach say. People expresstheir ideas (Note the representation.) Sassou-Nguesso did not a multiracial democratic failed for three reasons. openly and freely without The conference, whose accept his defeat graciously society was the Convention 1. It expected people fear of arrest. Those who chairman was Father Isidore and overthrew, with the help for a Democratic South Africa who had been sworn to the cared participated in the de Souza, held “sovereign of France and Angola, the . It began deliberations in destruction of each other to decision-making process. No power” and its decisions were civilian government of Pascal July 1991, with 228 delegates suddenly lay down their arms, one was locked out. Once a binding on all, including Lissouba in October 1997. drawn from about 25 political make nice, put sside their decision has been reached by the government. “Sovereign A similar national parties and various anti- differences, hold the interest consensus, it was binding on power” meant that no one, conference in Niger in 1991 apartheid groups. The de of the their countries above all, including the chief. not even the president, denounced the military Klerk government made their own and govern. These These village’ meetings are could abrogate its decisions. dictatorship of Colonel Ali no effort to “control” the never happen – Savimbi of variously called asetena kese SNC stripped President Seibou and stripped him of composition of CODESA. Angola, Garang of Sudan, by the Ashanti, ama-ala by Matthieu Kerekou of his his power, leaving him with Political parties were not Tsvangirai of Zimbabwe, etc. the Igbo of Nigeria, guurti power, scheduled multiparty one main task: To organize excluded; not even ultra 2. GNU may entail the by the Somali, kgotla by the elections that ended 17 years the transition to civilian rule. right-wing political groups, distribution of government Tswana of Botswana, pitso of autocratic Marxist rule. “For the first time since the although they chose to posts and nobody is satisfied by the Xhosa, ndaba by the Congo’s national independence of the country boycott its deliberations. with what they get, which Zulu, dare by the Shona of conference had more in 1960, free and fair elections CODESA strove to reach a may lead to the resumption Zimbabwe, etc. delegates (1,500) and were held and in March “working consensus” on an of conflict – Angola in 1993, In recent years, this lasted longer three months. 1993, Mahamane Ousmane interim constitution and Ivory Coast in 2001, etc. indigenous African institution But when it was over in became the newcomer in the set a date for the March 3. Civil society was modernized to resolve June 1991, the 12-year old political arena” (West Africa, 1994 elections. Elections – those affected by the crises in Benin, Cape Verde government of General Denis Dec 6-12, 1999). Ousmane were held. More important, conflict /dispute – are often Islands, Congo, Malawi, Sassou-Nguesso had been subsequently turned out to CODESA was “sovereign.”

Call / eMail Us Tel:2404292177, email: [email protected], [email protected] 8 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Its decisions were binding on The 85 year old president, It certifies all as free and fair. hand, repeat their own stupid country democratic. the de Klerk government. De who has been in power for • It’s budget is 80% mistakes.” In addition to periodic Klerk could not abrogate any nearly 43 years, has just won funded by Western donors Albert Einstein once elections, the following decision made by CODESA – a 7th term for another 7 years. so how independent is it in defined insanity as doing the are also needed: just as the African chief could By the time his term ends he taking decisions in Africa same thing over and over 1. A free and not disregard any decision would have been in power interest? again and expecting different independent press – for free arrived at the village meeting. nearly half a century. But I • It could not build results. I define lunacy as flow of information to inform The mechanism exists in don’t blame them too much. its own headquarters. The doing the same stupid thing the public Africa for peaceful resolution You see, for every force in current glitzy $200 million over and over again and 2. An independent of crises/conflicts Instead of nature, there is a counter- headquarters is a gift from expecting the same stupid judiciary – for the rule of law, sending dictators to resolve force. A force dominates China. Naturally, every room results. adjudication of disputes, political crises in Libya (2011), if the counterforce is Is bugged. I am sorry to say this 3. An independent Ivory Coast (2011) and South weak or nonexistent. Biya • The AU announced but many of our leaders in Electoral Commission, Sudan, the African Union has dominated because the creation of an African Africa fall into one or more Neutral and professional should have insisted on the the opposition is weak, common market without of the categories delineated security forces, and possibly, convocation of a Sovereign hopelessly fragmented, given any preparation whatsoever. above. They adamantly or where driven into exile National Conference. It to crass tactics, prone to You need to have some basic refuse not only to learn from 4. An independent should immediately do so for squabbling and susceptible to infrastructure for a market the mistakes of others but central bank Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, bribery. In the 2013 election function. For example, how also from their own stupid If you apply these Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia, for example, there were more do you ship a ton of beef from mistakes. I owe no one an additional criteria, fewer than Gabon, Madagascar, than 200 opposition parties Johannesburg to Kampala? apology for using such strong five of the African countries Mozambique, Rwanda, because Biya would give any The AU is not only hopeless words. All they have to do is would be democratic. Uganda, Zimbabwe, and the opposition leader 50 million but completely useless. to look at South Sudan. How Since 1960, there have been other hotspots in Africa. If CFA to run against him. And We need a Continental can a newly minted African exactly 235 African heads of the African Union fails to act, so many idiots took the bait. organization with a stiff country descend into civil war state. Fewer than 20 can be civil society should demand backbone to stand up to in 2013 just three years after said to have been good leaders it. SNC is an African solution In the past you have been dictators – just like the gaining its independence and statesmen. That means to an African problem with a an acerbic critic of the Organization of States (OAS) from Sudan? Even then, look that rest – an overwhelming proven track record. African Union, what do does in Latin America. At the at Sudan’s own history. It majority – were complete you think of the ongoing minimum, the AU should was the first African country failures, who were violently What is your reading of efforts to reform the expel countries that do not gained its independence in overthrown, driven into exile the situation Cameroon continental body? uphold its Charter or pay 1956 but plunged into civil or assassinated. with President Biya And why shouldn’t I be an their dues. I have argued that war that raged for more than The future does not bode consolidating his grip on acerbic critic of the African the AU should be disbanded 20 years. well. The struggle for power power and the rebellion Union? It has become a huge and replaced with the will continue with deadly and in the English speaking embarrassment on these Organization of Free African In 1990, only 4 African destructive consequences in regions gain steam, how counts: States (OFAS). countries – Botswana, Algeria, Burundi, CAR, Chad, does Cameroon get its • It has the African [I have been invited by the Gambia, Mauritius and Congo DR, etc. Elsewhere, act again together? Charter of Human and President of Oxford Union to Senegal – were democratic. there will be more political The situation in Cameroon Peoples Rights (the Banjul take pot in a debate on the In January 2017, only 17 out of turmoil as more African would be comical if not Charter of 1968). Article 9 African Union in February 54 countries are democratic – countries will implode. tragic. You have on absentee of that Charter guarantees 2019. It will be brutal. The Benin, Botswana, Cape Verde African leaders who cannot precedent who is holed up in freedom of expression and of Oxford Union was founded in Islands, Gambia, Ghana, be peacefully removed from a Château in Switzerland and the media. But the AU does 1823 by University students Kenya, Malawi, Mauritius, power through the ballot box holds a cabinet meeting every not enforce its own Charter. protesting restrictions on Mozambique, Namibia, will be violently removed with four years. Imagine! • The AU is yet to freedom of speech and Nigeria, Sao Tome & Principe, destructive consequences. The English-speaking resolve a single crisis in expression.] Senegal, Seychelles Islands, This is not rocket science counterparts have a grievance Africa. It is still struggling in South Africa, Tanzania and but has occurred many times and you don’t solve that with Somalia. It sent peacekeeping And with all that is Zambia. in our postcolonial history. heavy-handed repression. troops to Darfur, Sudan. But taking place in Africa, Candidates that fit this bill Otherwise you risk a Civil when their base in Haskanita how do you see the future At this rate – 12 democracies include Eritrea, Guinea- War, which may already came under sustained rebel of Africa, what will it in 27 years – it will take Africa Bissau, Madagascar, Rwanda, have started. The solution attack in October 2007, the take for the continent to exactly 94.5 years to become Uganda, etc. is a sovereign national AU soldiers fled into the live its full potential? fully democratic, other things conference, as I explained in bush. There is a saying that, “The being equal. the previous section. • The AU can’t even wise learn from the mistakes Even then, it is The political situation in define democracy. There is no of others while fools repeat important that elections the country is unbearable. election the AU doesn’t like. them. Idiots, on the other alone do not make a PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 9 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa Bold and Innovative: How Prime Minster Abiy Ahmed Is Refreshing African Leadership

By Prince Kurupati

press freedom and bad of widening the political governance. landscape by welcoming Though Abiy Ahmed once-banned opposition said all the right things in groups home. This gesture his inauguration speech has calmed the nerves of in terms of reforming the opposition supporters. In whole fabric of government addition to welcoming back and governance in Ethiopia, opposition politicians back people were more interested home, Abiy Ahmed has in actions and not in words. already pledged that the next As such, from the very start, elections set to be held in Abiy Ahmed knew that what 2020 will be held when they would determine his success are due (there aren’t going to were his actions and not his be any delays) and that they words. With this in mind, the will be free and fair with all new prime minister started opposition parties given the putting his words into action space to campaign freely. early on. Just to show his commitment Prime Minister Abiy has taken Ethiopia and Africa by storm with his bold and At this point, Abiy Ahmed in guaranteeing free and fair innovative agenda has completed less than one elections, Abiy Ahmed took half of his tenure in office the unprecedented step of n 15 February 2018, endeavour to bring back torn apart along ethnic but it’s safe to say that he appointing opposition leader then Ethiopian normality. In the end, Haile lines and a country which has succeeded on many Birtukan Mideksa to head the OPrime Minister Haile Mariam Dasalegn had no was at ‘war’ with one of fronts. His success is not country’s election body. Mariam Dasalegn conceded option but to step down. its neighbours in Eritrea. only evident in Ethiopia but to pressure as he tendered The resignation of Haile Therefore, Abiy Ahmed had a it is also evident in the East Agreeing to a Peace Deal his resignation letter. For Mariam Dasalegn paved the herculean task at hand. African region in particular with Longtime Rival over two years before his way for Abiy Ahmed (the For those who had been and Africa in general. To put Eritrea resignation, Ethiopia had current Ethiopian Prime close to Abiy Ahmed, they this into perspective. Below For over two decades, been marred by numerous Minister). Truth be told, Abiy knew the type of man he was we share with you all of Abiy Ethiopia and Eritrea had been demonstrations against Ahmed was an ‘underdog’ in i.e. a reformist, however, for Ahmed’s successes to this in a state of war. Virtually political restrictions and the succession race as there the general populace, it was point. all forms of communication human rights abuses. At were other ‘notable’ names only during his first speech between the two countries first, Haile Mariam Dasalegn in the succession race. With that they began to know Pledging Free and Fair were cut. Citizens from either decided to turn a blind eye to his charisma and wit as his more about the man who was Elections and Widening country could not cross the the demonstrations but with main weapons, Abiy Ahmed going to lead them for the the Political Landscape border while phone lines time, the demonstrations managed to garner the next couple of years until the One of the reasons between the two countries grew in ‘nature’. As such, necessary numbers to assume next elections in 2020. To be which precipitated the were cut, this despite the Dasalegn had to act to the highest office in the land. precise, in his inauguration demonstrations that fact that some Eritreans had prevent the demonstrations In the process, he became speech, Abiy Ahmed started ultimately led to the fall close relatives in Ethiopia from turning into a full-blown the very first person from the by saying, “When an egg is of Haile Mariam Dasalegn while some Ethiopians conflict. The first decision Oromo ethnic group, which broken from inside, it is life; was the cracking down on also had close relatives in that Dasalegn took was to is the largest ethnic group in but when an egg is broken opposition political leaders Eritrea. Trade was also cut declare a state of emergency. Ethiopia to assume the role of from outside, it is death.” as well as the crackdown on with Ethiopia being forced For a few weeks, it looked as if Prime Minister. Many interpreted this to opposition groups and civil to use the Djibouti ports the state of emergency would From the onset, it was mean that he was giving new society. From the word go, even though the nearest succeed in calming down the evident that Abiy Ahmed’s life to the EPRDF (Ethiopian it was clear that this ‘issue’ ports from Ethiopia to the tension and normalizing the task would not be easy People’s Revolutionary had to be addressed if the sea are in Eritrea. With no situation. However, despite as he was inheriting a Democratic Front), which country was to move forward signs of any peace deal in the positive start, the state country ravaged by violent had been criticized for alleged smoothly. As such, Abiy place during Haile Mariam of emergency failed in its demonstrations, a country violation of human rights, Ahmed took the swift action Dasalegn’s reign, Abiy Ahmed 10 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs tolerant nation. Her task is made difficult though by the fact that the power structure in the country has not changed of prioritizing ethnic politics and the furthering of the rights of groups over the rights of individual citizens. Furthermore, the ruling coalition’s main political and economic ideology which prioritizes the party agenda over the sanctity of the country’s constitution is also problematic.

Lifting Bans on Media Outlets and Unblocking Prime Minister Abiy initiated moves to meet Eritrea›s President Isaias Afwerki in order to secure peace Websites Under the reign of Haile worked miracles to bring a inauguration, Abiy Ahmed to achieve this, Abiy Ahmed gender balanced, a first for Mariam Dasalegn, any media two-decade-long ‘war’ to an started taking steps to reform stated that the government Ethiopia and also a first for outlet which was viewed end within a few months! government institutions was going to sell shares in Africa. to be anti-government was The Peace Deal with Eritrea with his focus primarily on major state enterprises such banned, its website blocked was widely received in both the intelligence, military, as Ethiopian Airlines, Ethio Creation of the Ministry and the owners on occasions Ethiopia and Eritrea as long federal police and the justice Telecom, Ethiopian Shipping of Peace jailed. However, when Abiy lost relatives and friends systems. Certain agencies Lines and Logistics, and In his new cabinet, Abiy Ahmed assumed power, he managed to see each other and departments that fell Ethiopian Electric Power. The Ahmed also created a new dropped the charges against in over 20 years. Apart from under these ministries were rationale behind this move ministry i.e. the Ministry many bloggers, journalists, reuniting families, the Peace disbanded, however, what being necessitated by the of Peace. This ministry was and opposition groups, freed Deal also meant that Ethiopia impressed the public the need to address the shortage created to oversee intelligence thousands of prisoners, and and Eritrea would resume most was the replacing of of foreign currency as well as and security-related agencies, most recently unblocked trade, a great thing for both the heads of the military and improve the efficiency of the federal affairs, immigration more than 250 websites. After economies. The Peace Deal federal police ministries with poorly managed enterprises, and others. It was also the move, the Chief of staff at was not only significant for civilians. The heads of the save for Ethiopian Airlines. created with the hope that it the Prime Minister’s office, Ethiopians and Eritreans but security ministries had for a will improve ethnic relations Fitsum Arega said in a tweet, for East Africa and Africa long time been synonymous Gender Balanced Cabinet in the country, and work “A free flow of information as a whole as it set a good with government corruption For his first few months towards reconciliation is essential for engaged precedence that regardless and as such, their dismissal in office, Abiy Ahmed among communities ravaged & responsible citizenry… of the differences at hand, a meant that Abiy Ahmed had worked with the same group by unprecedented levels Freedom of expression is a solution to bring peace and struck corruption on the of ministers which had of ethnic violence over the foundational right that other security will always be found. head. served under Haile Mariam last two decades. With the rights depend on… only a free Dasalegn. However, late in creation of this ministry, Abiy market of ideas will lead to the Reforming Government Ending the Chinese October, Abiy Ahmed decided Ahmed showed his desire to truth.” The announcement Institutions economic growth model to create his own team via pursue a peace agenda with also gives Ethiopians access For long, there had been Like most other African a cabinet reshuffle. Instead the view to building a stable to this website, the Ethiopian calls to reform government countries, Ethiopia had of appointing 28 ministers and more tolerant nation- Satellite Television and Radio institutions as many saw them adopted the Chinese economic as was the case in Haile state. To head the ministry, (ESAT), a site that has been as inefficient and ineffective. growth model. However, Mariam Dasalegn’s reign, Abiy Ahmed appointed the blocked since its inception However, the calls always fell the coming into power of Abiy Ahmed downsized and former speaker of the house and its satellite transmissions on deaf ears. That was not Abiy Ahmed signalled the appointed only 20 ministers. Muferiyat Kamil. A reformist jammed at least 25 times. the case however with Abiy beginning of the end of the Of these 20, 10 were male and herself, it’s to be seen how Ahmed when he assumed Chinese economic growth 10 were female meaning that she will fare in her endeavour power. Immediately after his model in Ethiopia. In order Ethiopia’s new cabinet was make Ethiopia a more

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12 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Cameroon in The turbulent zone: Anglophone crisis proving to be a tough test for Biya's government By Boris Esono (Buea-Cameroon)

Though President Biya recently ordered the release of some detainees, Julius Ayuk Tabe and so many Another Mandate for President Biya as Cameroon hits the most turbulent others are still in jail. Many believe their release period of its history. could ease tensions. gainst a backdrop they are still dissatisfied. and later released. On the 10 more than 71% of the votes. to demonstrate against the of bomb blasts, After sacrificing an academic and 16 of November 2018, 2 During the voting process, President Biya’s victory. Asporadic violence and year and resisting pressure lecturers of the University there were mass gunshots repressive state measures, from the government and of Buea were kidnapped by across the Anglophone Disarmament committee Cameroon›s Anglophone secessionist militants, the unknown men. regions with some casualties created crisis has entered a new and risk is that they will become According to Human Rights noted. The main opposition In a bid to bring an end to intensified phase that shows increasingly bitter if no Watch, the Anglophone crisis SDF Party had a disastrous the ongoing crisis, the Head no signs of slowing down. The reasonable progress is made, has seen several calamities, election as they came in 4th of state in a decree Friday UN reports that an more than especially on educational loss of property and lives. position. November 30 created a 4,000 have become refugees reform and governance. Over the past two years, a The fallouts caused by committee for disarmament, in Nigeria since 2017. political standoff between the incumbent winning demobilization and The violence that was rife Kidnappings/killings Cameroon’s Francophone have been massive. Maurice reintegration of ex fighters of between November 2016 to The rate at which people are dominated government and Kamto who had earlier Boko Haram and the armed January 2017 in Cameroon’s being killed and kidnapped the country’s Anglophone claimed victory has called for groups in the South West and two Anglophone regions and has increased exponentially minority-some of whom are a nationwide protest while North West Regions. the support for the Operation since the crisis started more seeking independence have also calling on Francophones Fai Yengo Francis was Ghost Town that followed than 2 years ago. Every week, become a full-fledged human to be in solidarity with the appointed to head the showed that the Anglophone scores of individuals are killed rights crisis. Hundreds are Anglophones by observing disarmament, demobilization problem is deep-rooted. It will as clashes intensify between thought to have been killed, a partial ghost town from and reintegration commission not be resolved by denying it separatists and security over a thousand homes 1pm till evening for the Tuesday December 4 by a exists or by repression, but forces. During the past weeks burnt, and dozens of schools Head of state to solve the presidential decree with by dialogue and institutional students, teachers, schools attacked. An estimated present crisis. He (Kamto) headquarters in Yaounde and reform. and Universities in Cameroon 250,000 people have had to has warned the government other regional branches in In the context of pressure continue to endure significant flee their homes for safety. that if a solution is not found Buea, Bamenda and Mora. from the government and violence. On Monday 5th to the crisis then the ghost The committee will be the financial difficulties of November, 78 students were Presidential election/ town will be extended in to in charge of organizing, continuing the strike, some kidnapped at PSS Nkwen, Fallouts the year 2019 in the mostly supervising and managing the people have disassociated in Bamenda, North West The year 2018 saw French speaking regions of disarmament, demobilization themselves from the Region but later released. The Cameroon involve in the the country. The presidential and re-integration of ex-Boko movement and more would do school also suffered another presidential election with election also culminated in Haram fighters and armed so if it were not for the threats separate attack in which 11 incumbent president Paul mass arrest after Kamto’s groups in the South West and of secessionists. However, students were kidnapped Biya winning a landslide with supporters took to the streets North West Regions willing PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 13 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa to lay down their arms. could prove to be dramatic The government is wrong for Cameroon, which already to bet on the crisis running faces Boko Haram in the Far out of steam. The threat North and militias from the of a third year of schools Central African Republic to ineffectiveness hangs over the East. the beginning of the next In order to prevent the academic year. Above outbreak of an armed and beyond the electoral uprising, Cameroon›s question, the sporadic president must go beyond violence of the last few superficial measures by months and the use of social urgently implementing networks have shown that key reforms and pursuing some secessionists are ready inclusive, high-level dialogue The crisis originally started as a peaceful protest and pressure has been for the armed struggle. The mediated by the UN or mounting on President Biya to initiate broad base dialogue. opening of a front in the West African Union. Kagame and His Insurmountable Task of Reforming the African Union: A Look at How He Has Fared As His Term Comes To an End By Prince Kurupati internal reformation of the the tougher choice ,going all regional body so as to give the out in pursuit of his objective. body a new ‘image’ while at If truth be told, the tougher the same time ensuring that choice was the right decision. it starts serving the people it In order to achieve his ought to serve. objective while at the same When he assumed the time fulfilling his vision, reigns to become the Kagame over the past couple Chairperson of the AU and of years did implement a after outlining his vision and number of measures meant objective (i.e. reforming the at reforming the ‘core’ of the AU), Kagame was faced with AU. Most of these measures a hard decision to make. have been successfully The decision was whether he implemented; though some should go all out in pursuit of will take time to complete, his objective or to just take a the foundation laid out by President Paul Kagame has picked a team of eminent persons he will work bystander view and focus on Kagame makes them odds-on with as he leads efforts to reform the African Union into a more credible and ‘proposing’ rather than taking to succeed. Below, we take a self-reliant body. action. This was in light of look at some of the reforms n the academic circles, directly with the regional citizen, the mere fact that the calls made by a number that have been implemented the main debate on the body) while sidelining the this debate is still raging on of countries warning that the by Kagame thus far. Isubject of the African very same people who it is ample proof that there is desire to reform and create Union (AU) is the question of should be serving i.e. the something wrong in nature, “a strong AU Commission in Financial Autonomy whether the regional body is ordinary African. functions and operations of Addis Ababa that can dictate Traditionally, the AU has a toothless bulldog and a vast, Though there are many the AU. It is in light of this that to sovereign states” would survived (financially) on sprawling bureaucracy whose who believe that the AU is when Paul Kagame assumed not be popular and in some grants and donations from sole purpose is to enrich the not just serving the interests the reigns to become the instances rejected. member states as well as the already rich (top government of the rich but also serving Chairperson of the AU earlier Faced with a tough decision international community. officials and others who work the interests of the ordinary on this year, he prioritized the to make, Kagame settled for Primarily, these two sources

Call / eMail Us Tel:2404292177, email: [email protected], [email protected] 14 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs the costliness of holding such signatories to the free trade summits. area agreement. So far 49 The Chairperson of the countries have signed The African Union Commission, Continental Free Trade Area Mr Moussa Faki Mahamat and six of the requisite 22 said that “Rationalization countries have ratified. of our working has resulted Making The Regional in greater efficiency in Body Lean And conducting the affairs of our Performance-orientated Union. Progress towards As part of his reformation financial autonomy has measures, Kagame also established the conditions sought to make the AU lean for greater ownership of our and performance-oriented policies and efforts. However, as in his words, the AU has it must be recognized that a multitude of focus areas. much remains to be done.” In order to achieve this goal, Kagame targeted a number The Single African Air of areas. Firstly, he targeted Transport Market and the election and recruitment provided the bulk of the AU’s proposal, AU will raise $1.2 it is in 2018 that the AU held The Continental Free of the chairperson and ‘revenue’. However, when billion against the AU’s more summits than any other Trade Area deputy chairperson of Kagame became the Chair, he average annual budget of year (4). This, however, ought When Kagame assumed the AU Commission and stated that the regional body $782 million hence meaning to be taken in the context the chairperson of the AU, the eight commissioners. ought not to rely on grants the body would effectively that Kagame convened the The Single African Air Though recognizing that the and donations, rather, the AU end dependence on donors. additional summits as a way Transport Market proposal role of the AU Commission ought to sustain itself. To date, only the following of expediting the adoption was already in the pipeline. is important, he sought to In the words of Rwanda’s countries have effected and ratification of the reforms However, Kagame gets much downsize the composition of Foreign Affairs minister Dr the levy: Rwanda, Kenya, that he is implementing. 2018 credit as he managed to the body so that it focuses only Richard Sezibera, who is Ethiopia, Djibouti, Chad, aside, the plan implemented convince many countries to on main priority areas such also the chairperson of the Guinea, Sudan, Congo- by Kagame will see the sign up this year. The same is as political affairs, Africa›s Executive Council, “As the Brazzaville, Cameroon, AU holding just one major also true of The Continental global representations, peace reforms take place there is Gambia, Gabon, Cote summit annually instead Free Trade Area. Kagame and security, and economic need to recognize that self- d›Ivoire, Sierra Leone and of the previous two where assumed the chairperson of integration. Downsizing financing of the Union in a Ghana heads of states met on their the AU when The Continental to these four main priority sustainable manner will be Secondly, the plan focused own while ministers and Free Trade Area proposal was areas would have seen the AU a key determinant of our on reducing the number of delegates met on their own. already in the pipeline but reducing the number of AU accomplishments.” summits and commissions The plan to cut the number of he did enough to convince Commissioners from eight to In order to achieve heal annually. Paradoxically, summits was in response to a number of countries to be four. The proposal, however, financial autonomy, received stern criticism from Kagame unrolled a various quarters hence the multifaceted plan. commission was downsized Firstly, the plan so as to remain with six focused on weaning commissioners. the AU off foreign donor funding. Institutional Reform To replace donor Kagame has also called funding, Kagame for institutional reform came up with a as a way of dealing with proposal to levy the AU’s challenge of a 0.2 percent tax having a multitude of focus on imports, which areas. Kagame sought the then would be transformation of the New channelled to the Partnership for Africa’s regional body to run Development Agency into the its activities. From AU Development Agency. the calculations, if all member states do oblige to the PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 15 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa Namibia's Economy Is Back On The Rails- Finance Minister Calle Schlettwein By Ajong Mbapndah L

own savings into the economy primary sectors but also the itself and develop our country secondary sector. We have a with it. We also believe that growing tourism sector where foreign direct investment can the appetite for investment is be improved; just recently great. There are a number of we opened a car assembly individual projects whether plant by Peugeot. That is it is jewelry making, agro a very positive move that processing, we have potential shows that investors still have there as well and many confidence in our country. others. Transport and logistics have What impact has the actually grown in spite of Moody’s investors services the difficult situations. We ratings had on efforts to get saw growth in the mining the economy back on track? sector. Growth through is It has reduced the back with Agriculture but investors confidence of for tourism is going well. Both foreign investors. We were in the primary, secondary fearful that it would have a and tertiary sectors growth is large impact on our bonds but Finance Minister Calle Schlettweinian says the Namibian economy is back on appearing. they didn’t suffer a lot. We the rails with a more positive outlook for the future. The problem still is are quite happy for not being fter a turbulent last How’s the economy in consolidation approach, we manufacturing and wholesale thrown under the bus. We are few years, the worse Namibia doing today? managed not to lose what we those were the main satisfied with the actions we Ais behind for the The economy of Namibia have gained in the past. On contributors to negative took economy of Namibia, and in the last 2 years or so lost inequalities we are stable. growth and that cancelled How much is corruption a quality growth could start most of its growth and we Unfortunately, we saw some each other. We must work problem for the government? as early as the last quarter started a consolidation phase jobs losses and that is because harder to improve our No country in the world can of the year says Finance that managed to balance all of loss of growth. We also saw investment climate, there are say they are corruption free. Minister Calle Schlettwein. financial revenue. That has jobs lost in the construction some bureaucratic processes We have had our own share By balancing the budget and been achieved. But growth sector, fishing sector and that are taking too long, and of it. We have consistently a pro-growth consolidation has by and large been lost. some of the supply industries we now have a dedicated been amongst the top five approach, past gains were not We are now in a phase where for the construction sector. program in our prosperity countries that are corruption lost while the economy was the economy is decent, the We are experiencing job plan focused on streamlining free. We do take it seriously in troubled waters, Minister micro economics are better, losses but on the inequalities administrative processes to because the cost of corruption Schlettwein said. Interviewed stabilized and we are in a side we managed to stabilize improve where reports have that were uncovered was by Pan African Visions on a better situation than last the situation. shown some weaknesses. significant and as a small mission in Washington, DC, year. We are hopeful that we economy that is experiencing Minister Schlettwein opened will return to quality growth According to the central For potential investors, flat growth performances, up on areas where there have in the near future or even in bank of Namibia in a what opportunities are any additional cost to the been challenges, investment the last quarter of this year recent forecast, the in Namibia for them? economy is not tolerable. opportunities, corruption, probably. economy was expected Namibia is still judged as We believe that corruption land reforms and more. In March you presented to grow by 0.6% in a stable country with a very is a phenomenon that must On the economic legacy of a budget in parliament 2018, with the potential sophisticated financial sector, attract zero tolerance at all President Hage Geingob who and you indicated that Namibia has, what will it proper infrastructure, growth, levels. is up for elections next year, the budget was aimed take for optimal growth? transport and also ICT and Minister Schlettwein said his at bringing about jobs, We need to use our Telecommunications. We Where are we on the vision of shared prosperity less poverty and improve domestic savings into also have a good number debate on land reforms is reducing inequality and delivery. How is that investment in the economy. of resources that are very and what impact is it Namibians will soon reap full working so far? We are still the net exporter of attractive like in the mining having on the economy? benefits of his policies. Between balancing of capital so there is significant sector. But we believe it is Land reform continues to the budget and pro-growth opportunity to leverage our not only mining that is the be a very sensitive but also 16 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

Namibia is on the right path with the policies of President Namibia must have zero tolerance for corruption says Finance Hage Geingob and he deserves a second term says Calle Minister Calle Schlettwein. Schlettwein. fundamental issue in our What have been housing system. The plan is a We are happy that we are foresee in agenda 63 is very society and economy. Our the achievements of solid and good one. part of the African continent good development. liberation struggle had the President Hege Geingob where things have turned out The one worry we have is issue of land reform as the since he took office? What are your fears and for the better. Governance that most investments are main issue in the fight for The president took over an hope for Namibia? issues on the African resource seeking investments freedom. We started with a economy which was un-stable. For the fears, we hope continent have improved and they have not yet land reform program shortly His greatest achievements that the trade wars that quite significantly. All the appreciated governance as after independence which are stabilizing the economy big nations like America days of coup are very limited, a criteria in order to invest was basically anchored on while also managing to and China are engaged in, and all African countries there or not. In Africa, the constitutional provisions stabilize inequality and that the increase in populists’ have gone in to the mentality those with weaker records which protects property, is not a small achievement movements in Europe, that better government on governance attract but which allows the state to in a declining economy. The conflicts in the Middle East means they can get Africa higher investments, a clear intervene, buy out land and job shedding could have that are not going away, we going other than hidden indication that it is a resource redistribute to disadvantage been even worse but we have hope that these issues will be agendas, funny businesses. seeking issue. That doesn’t people. That system delivered maintained it and reduce the addressed quickly. Namibia is Governance in Africa will deter us to have governance but did not deliver enough job loss. He has also managed a small open economy and we be improved. We believe issue at the top of our agenda. to be satisfactory. So, it was in an admirable way to bring don’t want to be drawn in to the economic integration of We are not a country that a slow process that didn’t all of us together which is negative developments which Africa will create massive wants to be resource base and address the structural issues very crucial for a government we can’t do anything about. opportunities for better primary sector base forever that were underlying the un- that faces issues that are not We are watching with some trade and for making Africa a we need to move up the chain. fair distribution of land. A of our own doing. worry. They are clouds that much more attractive market. land mark conference was Are these achievements don’t want to go away. Economic integration as we held some 2 months ago with enough to warrant a everyone in attendance. We second term for him? believe that it is only through Foreign Minister: Yes, for talking that issues can be sure. I believe our plan that is solved. focusing on shared prosperity The outcome of the to improve inclusivity conference was very positive in our policy making, to because everyone was on induce growth in to our board. We now have through economy, to focus on youth the resolutions of the employment, to make sure conference a set of actions that our children are better that need to be down to solve enough than we are, and the land issues. The other positive tightening of the systems to in the conference is that it prevent corruption, put the brought about stability. It was country on the right direction clear that if we don’t resolve under his leadership. Those these issues people will resort are programs that will show to civil unrest to put pressure he deserves a second term. on the government. We have reviewed the tax system, land reforms system, PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 17 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa The Handshake that transformed Kenyan politics By Samuel Ouma he disputed between him and presidential the incumbent that Tresults during remained constant at 2017 General elections 11 per cent throughout plunged Kenya into the release of the chaos that the East results. African country had “We will show how never witnessed for a they shamelessly decade. cooked results from Trouble commenced non-existent polling few months to August stations and fake un- polls as leaders were gazetted presiding aligning themselves and returning officers. along ethnic lines and They gave figures Kenyans followed from non-existent their footsteps which Forms 34A and 34B; resulted to ethnic they scrambled to hatred. They engaged manufacture such in verbal exchange forms; switched vote to tear their political numbers and how they nemesis apart. openly swindled to Tension reach predetermined escalated when the consistent vote Independent Electoral numbers. They cooked The handshake between President Uhuru Kenyatta and rival Raila Odinga greatly eased and Boundaries numbers to the extent political tensions in Kenya. Commission that vote tallies often (IEBC) Information and Kenyans support the The opposition supporters officers used the opportunity surpassed registered voters Communication Technology opposition taking over barricaded roads, burned to butcher innocent citizens. in polling stations,” said Mr. director Chris Musando was power from the government tyres and engaged police in People turned against each Odinga. murdered. Mr. Musando next week, Jubilee leaders running battles. Police open other, tribe against tribe. On September 1, 2017, went missing for two days, are afraid of this and that is fire on them killing and Goodwill and peaceful co- the Kenyan powerful court thereafter, his body was why you are seeing all these injured many. existence between neighbors made led by Chief Justice found dumped in a forest, few strange activities just few days The former premier termed came to halt. David Maraga made history kilometers from Nairobi. The to the elections,” reiterated the outcome that saw him by nullifying the incumbent postmortem revealed he was the then Raila’s running mate trail the incumbent with Court nullifies results re-election saying it was not strangled. Kalonzo Musyoka. more than one million votes After thorough conducted according to the “He died from strangulation as work of computer, not consultations, the opposition law. and he also had incisions on Presidential results Kenyans will. He described resorted to challenge Maraga said the electoral his right arm, but the rest of rejected the results as sham, fake and President Uhuru’s win in body failed, neglected or his body was intact,” said the Protests and chaos fictitious. the Supreme Court which refused to conduct election chief government pathologist erupted in the capital and “The results are fabricated. it labeled as fraudulent and in keeping with the law. He Johansen Oduor. the oppositions strongholds They are all fake,” Odinga computer generated results. ordered for fresh polls within The opposition led by after the opposition leader said. They had vowed not to go to 60 days. Raila Odinga condemned Raila Odinga rejected the The electoral agency’s court on the ground of 2013 “We were satisfied that the the killing linking a top preliminary results released decision to declare President petition which they said was election was not conducted as government official to by the electoral body, IEBC. Uhuru Kenyatta as August unfairly dismissed by the the Constitution dictates,” he Musando’s death. They said Odinga alleged fraud saying 8 presidential winner Judges. said. the manager’s murder was hackers used the identity of aggravated turmoil in the The opposition pointed The IEBC failure to adhere intended to create an avenue the slain official to infiltrate country. Thousands of at the polling stations that to the opposition’s irreducible for the rigging of the general the database of the country’s Kenyans took it to the streets did not exist but was used minimums made Odinga to elections. election and manipulated to protest what they termed to inflate figures in favor of withdraw from October 26 “Over 70 per cent of results. as injustices and the security Mr. Kenyatta and the pattern repeat polls. He succeeded 18 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs in persuading Kenyans from as the People’s participating in it. president The election was marked on January with a low voter turnout of 30 despite 35 per cent, boycotts and warnings from violence in some opposition the government strongholds. Even though top officials. Kenyatta won the polls, Prior to the the opposition vowed not ceremony the to recognize him as the opposition president. Instead it formed unveiled what people’s assembly which it said were comprised of elected leaders authentic results and key players from the civil of the August society, trade unions, youths 8 presidential to spearhead constitutional poll. The results amendments. showed Odinga There were also calls for garnered 8, cessation. The opposition 104, 744 votes leaders wanted the country to and Kenyatta be divided into two, Central got 7, 908, 215 Republic of Kenya headed votes which President Uhuru Kenyatta and Raila Odinga leave Mamboleo Showground, Kisumu County, after launching the Universal Health Coverage scheme. by Kenyatta and Democratic represented Republic of Kenya on the 50.24 and 48.92 their citizens against visiting uncertainty. Bondholders “We first had preliminary ground of electoral injustices per cent respectively. the country and as result noted that the continuous talks on how to conduct the and lack of democracy. The chief agents, Odinga’s there were a few number of political fracas would final talks. I gave my demands The opposition’s resistance co-principal Musalia tourists thus a heavy slump in jeopardize the country’s and he accepted that I will wing-National Resistance Mudavadi and Siaya Senator tourism sector. prospect to pay back its debts. meet him alone. He also Movement further called James Orengo termed the The election melee “There is no assurance that insisted that my co-principals Kenyans to boycott results as undiluted and devastated the government stability will increase again in be excluded and kept in the products from companies unadulterated. also. It was expected to pay the future, which may impact dark,” said Raila. it claimed were supporting “This is it. This is what the Ksh.77 billion ($770 million) Kenya’s level of tourism and After few weeks of the government to scuttle Independent Electoral and syndicated loan in October foreign investment or risk of discussion they reached a Uhuru’s legacy economically. Boundaries Commission has 2017 but the treasury asked sudden withdrawal of foreign political truce and on Friday, The companies were the denied Kenya ever since the for more six months until deposits among other things, March 9, 2018, they two were dominant mobile operator elections were held on August calm is restored. which in turn may adversely spotted in the Harambee Safaricom, Bidco and 8,” said Orengo. When the period of six affect Kenya’s economy and House, the president’s office, Brookside. The opposition Thousands of Kenyans months elapsed, the treasury its ability to service its debt,” shaking hands which were accused Safaricom of helping who attended the event sent took another loan from the read part of the prospect from closely followed by speeches. rigging of August poll in jitters in the government Trade Development Bank to bondholders. The two arch-rivals became favor of the President while camp. The government shut settle the syndicated loan. Seeing things becoming friends and pledged to work Bidco and Brookside funded down all media houses which However, this did not ease worse, President Kenyatta together for betterment of his campaigns. Others were attempted to air the fully pressure on the government. fought off hardline position Kenya. Shell, Total, Oil Libya and packed ceremony drawing There were delays in from his supporters to save “We have a responsibility Gulf oil. criticism from the Human disbursement of funds to the country by approaching to discuss and find solutions “We will resist the products rights groups. counties. Development Mr. Odinga for a peaceful that will bind, unify and give a of these companies because projects at county level were talk. Mr. Odinga whose lifecycle beyond the five years they are beneficiaries of the Handshake building at standstill. supporters were determined we have given ourselves. regime that killed people process The circulation of money to boycott paying taxes to Elections come and go but in this country,” said Junet The country’s economy in the market was reduced. the government and remove Kenya will remain,” President Mohamed, an opposition was on the verge of falling The government was not president’s portraits from Kenyatta said. legislator. due to continuous political spending in infrastructure, offices and businesses heeded “We have been pouring squabble. The investors were paying suppliers and the call and behind the scene new wine into old wine skins. Mock oath scared and they began leaving releasing money to counties. negotiation began. We need leaders to secure Government hard stance the country. Businesses were Kenyatta’s government The two agreed to leave the the goals for peace, unity forced the National Super closed over fear of looting request of loan from leaders interested in 2022 and justice. Such a time has Alliance coalition to swear by the protesters. Foreign Eurobond market was presidential elections out of come for Kenya,” Odinga, in its Presidential candidate travelling agencies warned turned down due to political the talks. the veteran opposition leader PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 19 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

said. politics. President Kenyatta against graft further widen an enmity between the two. in Africa and Kalonzo and Ruto reached a deal prior the rift with a section of Mr. Wetangula lambasted Musyoka as the new head Impact of handshake to 2013 General elections. leaders allied to Ruto saying Odinga for conniving with the of the Joint Monitoring and Famous handshake came The deal stated that Uhuru to he is being targeted. Ruto is opposition’s senators to strip Evaluation Commission with many benefits; immense reciprocate Ruto’s backing in alleged to have connection in him off his post. He described (JMEC) on peace in South tranquility was experienced 2022. some mega scandals in the Odinga as a betrayer who Sudan, Kenyans have across the country, the The Deputy President country. cannot be trusted by anyone. questioned the role of shilling gained against the allies have expressed their A handful of Ruto’s He further revealed that opposition in the country. dollar. dissatisfaction with the lieutenants have been pushing the opposition is dead, noting The argument is that the Economy got a boom. dalliance saying its main the President to share the his party is no longer in the government is aiming at Businesses were operating aim is to scuttle Ruto’s details of handshake saying outfit. Later, he branded eradicating opposition so as without any fear, scared presidential bid. They have it is the behind disquiet in the himself the opposition leader to carry out its ill-activities. investors returned and an accused some anonymous ruling party. on the ground that Odinga is However, Odinga has influx of tourists in the people in the State House in government. downplayed the rumors going country was unexplainable. who have a plan to block Death of the opposition “I am leading the around that the opposition The handshake was the deputy president from Division in the opposition opposition and we are fighting does not exist. He maintained extended to their allies. succeeding Kenyatta. dates back to mock swearing- for Kenyans. In history, we that it is vibrant and intact. They reconciled and began “The president that I in when Odinga’s co- have people who fight and He has also denied being in working together to improve defended even as others were principals; Kalonzo Musyoka, in the process of the fight, the government. the economy. President being sworn in as unofficial Musalia Mudavadi and Moses however strong and lethal “I have not joined Kenyatta reached out to his presidents, I know him as Wetangula skipped the even. they are, they get captured. government. I do not hold political rivals and asked for a president who loves the Their exclusion from the And once they are captured, any position in the Jubilee forgiveness and the same common man and if he political truce did not go well they distort the process of the administration. Therefore, applied to Odinga. has change I would know,” with Odinga. They castigated fight, but eventually others nothing stops me from reiterated Murkomen, him for betrayal. emerge and lead the fight,” criticizing the government. Succession politics staunch Ruto’s supporter. Ouster of Moses Wetangula Wetangula said. Those that have contrary The rapprochement, The lifestyle audit proposed as the Senate minority Following Odinga’s views are wrong,” said Raila. however, has caused split by the Head of the state leader by the Odinga’s party appointment as the in the Jubilee, ruling party, to all government officials added more trouble to the High Representative for over the 2022 succession and elected leaders in fight embattled outfit and created infrastructure Development Mozambique: Nyusi's Administration Under Fire for Security Lapses By Alexandre Nhampossa

Decapitation, around 280 people and many carbonization and gunshots houses burned, according to are the three main forms of Mozambican press reports, murder that an unknown as the Mozambican state armed group has used to hides official numbers. assassinate defenseless Usually when the extremist people in northern group attacks, always at Mozambique, a situation that night or dawn, it steals has lasted since October 2017, food and motorcycle, sets when a group of 30 masked fire on houses and abducts men attacked for three days some women. To public at a time police stations in institutions they usually set Mocímboa da Praia, Cabo fire as happened in police Delgado province, in a clash stations and in some sanitary that left 16 dead. units. They do it provided It was, in fact, the beginning with guns, machetes, and of a wave of attacks, which other blunt objects. lasted until December 7, But who are these people? Mozambiques President Filipe Nyusi shakes hands with opposition leader late Afonso Dhlakama on February 7, 2015 in Maputo 2018, caused the deaths of What do they claim? Where 20 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs are they based? How is it at ending the conflict, whose «This movement has not Cabo Delgado, began the wood, rubies, gold and other possible to attack several ceasefire was decreed by happened now, but probably trial of 189 people, including exploited resources in the districts of the province in a the two presidents in May Mozambican intelligence Mozambicans, Tanzanians, province illegally, as well period of more than one year 2017. The definitive truce was turned to the historical Congolese, Somalis and as a group created with the and continue unpunished? should be declared after the enemy - Renamo - and did Burundians, suspected of mission to destabilize gas Where were the secret process of Disarmament, not realize these radical belonging to the armed exploration by multinationals services when the group Demilitarization and Social groups that already worked group. Forty-two of the like Anadarko, ENI and other organized its logistics to make Reintegration of the armed between Nampula and Cabo defendants are women. These companies that are already the first attacks? And how is men of Renamo, a process Delgado,» Busstoti told Lusa individuals are charged with settling in the region. it possible that in more than that is underway involving Agency. murder, use of prohibited Whatever the motivation, a year the agents of the secret several international military He also criticized the fact weapons, crimes against state the Mozambican State is as well as the forces of defense experts. that the president of the security and disturbance of not able to stop the attacks, and security cannot unravel The Peace that Republic chose to send several public order. which leads several quarters the group that continues to Mozambique enjoys today, soldiers to the region of the A prosecutor in the of society to question the kill almost loosely? although it is not definitive, attacks carrying with them Cabo Delgado province role of the secret services and These are some of the was considered one of the a lot of military equipment, prosecutor›s office, who of the defense and security questions that have been assets and legacy of President but without success. There asked not to be identified, forces led by President Nyusi put to the Mozambican Nyusi, who is known to run are several reports of told HRW that many of as commander in chief. President in his capacity for his second term in the soldiers who fell into the the defendants accused the The worst thing is that as Commander-in-Chief of presidential elections of ambushes of the insurgents soldiers of keeping them the attacks tend to be the Mozambican Defense October 2019. However, with and were eventually killed. detained for several weeks intensified. Due to the and Security Forces, Filipe the emergence of extremist Busstoti suggests a change before handing them over situation, the UK advises Jacinto Nyusi, who heads the attacks in Cabo Delgado of strategy because it is an to police, using torture to against travelling to the country in his penultimate that affect several districts unconventional war. force them to confess and, in districts of Palma, Mocimboa term. Before to his election of the province, forcing «We›re dealing with some cases, killing insurgent da Praia and Macomia, but to the post of President of the several people to take refuge guerrilla attacks, the battles suspects unarmed in the is clear that “this advice Republic, Nyusi was Minister in neighboring countries, do not go out in the open bush. does not apply to islands off of National Defense. especially Tanzania, field, it›s intelligence work,» While the trial does not end, the coast of Mozambique.” He took office on January many have questioned he suggested. unconfirmed information The US advises travelers to 15, 2015, ensuring that his leadership, mainly the According to Human Rights indicates that the insurgent “reconsider” travelling to Mozambique would live in secret services that responds Watch, when the security group is made up of youths the Cabo Delgado districts a peaceful environment, directly to him. forces arrive in villages who profess Islam and fight of of Mocimboa da Praia, since the country was facing The African expert Luca hours after the attacks have against the practice of another Nangade, Palma, Macomia, a military political conflict Bussotti believes that the occurred, they detain young religion in that region. Other and Quissanga. France adds involving the government Mozambican government men and other individuals information indicates to a Muidumbe to the list of forces and rebels of the largest has ignored the danger of who refuse to cooperate. They group of marginalized youths districts to avoid, but says opposition party, Renamo, terrorism in Mozambique do so arbitrarily, mistreat and who demand better living “it is possible to stay on the commanded by the late because it was focused on the summarily execute dozens conditions, while another islands off these districts (Ibo president Afonso Dhlakama «historic enemy» Renamo, of individuals suspected of indicates to a group of local and the Quirimbas)” - though who died in last May. noting that the outbreaks of belonging to an armed group. merchants who protest travelers should fly straight Early in his first Mandate, destabilization in that region Some of them are taken to against the robustness of there rather than travelling Nyusi began a long process of the country have been the police. On 30 September, the Mozambican state in by land or sea. of political dialogue aimed happening for some years. a court in Pemba, capital of the control of trafficking of

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THE LEADING VOICE OF AFRICA'S NATURAL GAS & ENERGY INDUSTRY

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Event Discounts: Members receive generous discounts on registration and exhibiting at the industry’s conventions and meetings. Contact:[email protected] 22 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs MERCK Foundation and the Redefinition of Partnership in Africa -On Building Health Care Capacities in Africa count on the Merck Foundation-CEO Rasha Kelej By Ajong Mbapndah L rom meetings we established the with African partnership with First Fleaders and Lady of Botswana H.E. First Ladies, to media Neo Jane Masisi, The trainings to break the First Lady Ghana H.E. stigma around infertility, Rebecca Naa Okaikor training of more than Akufo-Addo, the First 40 Oncologists through Lady of Burundi H.E. a fellowship program, Denise Nkurunziza, and the 5th edition of the the First Lady of Sierra Merck Foundation Africa Leone H.E. Fatima Asia Luminary in Dakar, Maada Bio and the Senegal, it has been a First Lady of Zambia hectic year for the Merck H.E. Esther Lungu. Foundation in Africa. Leading the charge in Also, we will soon building partnerships launch there and in with African countries is Liberia with First Lady Dr Rasha Kelej, CEO of of Liberia. the Merck Foundation. Dr. Rasha Kelej, CEO of Merck Foundation with H.E. Macky Sall, The President of We have also Senegal and H.E. Marieme Faye Sall, The First Lady of Senegal. The Merck Foundation established is resolute in its desire to help to innovative healthcare with regards to healthcare you shed some light on partnership with First Lady Africa meet its health care solutions in under-served and this is our speciality, we this? of Guinea Conakry and all challenges, says Dr Kelej in communities, building can help, and this is what we As you can see we have of them accepted gracefully an interview with Pan African healthcare, and scientific do, and we do it well. established many partnership to be ambassadors of Merck Visions Magazine. research capacity in the fields But we also focus on Asia, with First Ladies, we have more than a Mother to of diabetes, hypertension, we have programs in many visited Chad, and in line empower infertile women in Dr Rasha Kelej, you cancer and fertility care in countries such as Sri Lanka, with First Lady of Chad, their countries. And they are are CEO of Merck underserved communities. Bangladesh, Nepal, Myanmar H.E. Hinda Deby Itno and working with us to implement Foundation, can you Our vision is to see a world and Cambodia; and we will we visited Niger too and all programs to build health start by introducing the where everyone can lead a expand to Latin America in launched with H.E. Aissata care capacity in partnership Foundation for us? healthy and fulfilling life. 2020. Issoufou Mahamadou, The with their ministries of Merck Foundation is It has been a hectic First Lady of Niger. health. the Philanthropic arm of The Foundation seems to year for you and the And Gambia with H.E. We have also established Merck KGaA Germany. It be so fond of Africa, why foundation and we Fatomattou Bah Barrow partnership with ministry is a non-profit organization the interest, many will will like to visit some And Central African of health in each of their that aims to improve health ask? of the initiatives you Republic with H.E. Brigitte countries and in other and wellbeing of people and Prof Frank Stangenberg undertook. Partnership Touadora countries such as; Kenya, advance their lives through Haverkamp, the Chairperson between Merck And during our last annual Uganda, Rwanda, Ethiopia. science and technology. Our of E-Merck KG and Merck Foundation and The conference in Senegal, 5th efforts are primarily focussed foundation is very fond of African First ladies edition of Merck Foundation The foundation on raising awareness about Africa and believes in its organization was Africa Asia Luminary in supported the training non-communicable diseases, potentiality. established in Jan 2018 Dakar, Senegal which was of more than 40 empowering women and Furthermore, there are to cooperate in building presided over by President Oncologists through a youth, improving access many challenges in Africa health care capacity, can of Senegal, H.E. Macky Sall, fellowship program,

Call / eMail Us Tel:2404292177, email: [email protected], [email protected] PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 23 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa why oncology, what was the selection criteria and does the program have any future or it was just a onetime thing? Launched in 2016, Merck Oncology Fellowship Program is an on-going initiative, which focuses on building professional cancer care capacity with the aim of increasing the limited number of Oncologists in Africa and Developing countries. The program provides One-and two-year Fellowship and master’s degree from Cairo University - Egypt, Tata memorial Dr. Rasha Kelej meets First Ladies of Gambia, Fatoumattah Bah-Barrow,Lesotho. Centre in India, and Malaya University in Malaysia and specially created two year are infertile. The incidence is It will be the first and we ambassadors in their have taken the training. Oncology fellowship with the much higher than in Europe will be creating a cultural countries such as those of Merck Foundation is University of Nairobi, Kenya, and developed countries shift, raising awareness, and Niger, Chad, Gambia, Central making history in many in partnership with African which is around maximum exploring African talents. African Republic, Sierra African countries where they First Ladies Offices and 8% to 9%. A very high We started «Merck More Leone, Botswana, Zambia, never had fertility specialists Ministries of Health, Local percentage of infertility is Than a Mother» campaign Burundi, Ghana, Guinea or specialized fertility clinics Governments, and Academia. due to untreated infectious in 2015 now it is in 35 and Gambia and more. before ‘Merck More Than a So far, over 43 candidates diseases which result from countries in Africa and Asia. This speaks volumes about Mother’ intervention, to train from more than 21 African child marriages, unsafe It aims to empower infertile the work we are doing and the first fertility specialists countries have been enrolled abortions, unsafe deliverises, women through access to the potential impact that is such as; in Sierra Leone, in the Merck Oncology STDs and genital mutilations. information, education, and expected. Liberia, The Gambia, Niger, Fellowship Program. We Hence prevention is very health and by changing mind- Also, part of the campaign Chad, and Guinea. specially reach out to important. sets. This historic initiative is our Merck Embryology & The Merck Foundation countries that do not have More importantly, in supports governments in Fertility Training Program, has also supported the even single Oncologists such many cultures women defining policies to enhance a three-month hands-on establishment of the first ever as Sierra Leone, Liberia, The suffer discrimination, access to regulated, safe and practical course to establish Public IVF centres in Rwanda, Gambia or have only very mistreatment, and violence effective fertility care. It also the platform of fertility Ethiopia and Uganda. few such as Chad, Niger and due to their inability to bear defines interventions to break specialists across Africa and Central African Republic and children, although 50% of the stigma around infertile Asia. Merck Foundation Amongst the leaders Guinea. It is our vision to infertility cases are due to women and raises awareness provides clinical and you met were Presidents create a strong platform of male infertility, therefore we about infertility prevention practical training for fertility Mahamadou Issoufou African specialists in these need to create a culture shift and management. In specialists and embryologists of Niger and Macky Sall countries. to respect women whether partnership with First Ladies in more than 35 countries of Senegal to discuss We also had the first they are mothers or not, who are the ambassadors in across Africa and Asia such long term commitment Merck Health Media Training encourage men to speak up their respective countries, as: Chad, Niger, Central to build healthcare to break the stigma around about their infertility and academia, ministries of health African Republic, Cote capacities , using your infertility in Africa, may support their wives through and international fertility D’Ivoire, Ghana, Ethiopia, experience with these we know the logic behind the treatment journey. I societies, the initiative also Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, two leaders, and others the focus on infertility and strongly believe in the power provides medical education Zambia, Nigeria, Benin, you met, do you see a liaising with the media? of art and media. They are and training for fertility Mali, Burkina Faso, Senegal, genuine commitment on critical partners to address specialists and embryologists Guinea Conakry, Sierra Leon, their part to seriously According to WHO such sensitive topics. We have to enable them to help and Liberia, Cameron, Rwanda, tackle the issues around data 2016, one in every produced many projects of treat infertile couples in their Botswana, DR Congo, Congo health care in Africa? four couples in Africa and songs, and now we are going countries. Brazzaville, Gambia, Nepal, We have witnessed great developing countries are to produce drama (plays and Merck Foundation has Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, commitment from our infertile which means that documentaries) with African many First Ladies to be Myanmar and Cambodia. So discussion with many heads some 180 million couples talents across the continent. Merck More Than a Mother far more than 80 candidates of states such as the President 24 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs of Niger, H.E.Mahamadou African First Ladies Issoufou; President of Chad, and 15 ministers H.E. Idriss Déby; President of health and 1000 of Central African Republic, participants from H. E. Faustin-Archange 57 countries. The Touadéra, and the former First Ladies accepted President of Liberia, Madam gracefully to become Ellen Sirleaf Johnson, the Ambassadors of Prime minister of Uganda, Merck more than a Mr. Ruhakana Rugunda ,the Mother Campaign Vice President of Tanzania, and the long term Dr Samia Suluhu and last but partnership with not the least, the President Merck foundation of Senegal, H.E. Macky Sall. with the aim to build All of them supported our healthcare capacity efforts and endorsed our in their countries long term commitment to and to empower build healthcare capacity infertile women and in partnership with their break the stigma Chairman of the Executive Board of E.Merck KG and Dr Kelej CEO of the Merck ministries of health. They around infertility in Foundation with First ladies of Chad,Niger, Guinea, Central Africa,Gambia.and Hon all pledged partnership to Africa and Asia. Margaret Mensah Williams of Namibia facilitate our work to achieve It took me a lot of our vision, which is improving effort and time to bring all of visiting Botswana, Sierra of these partnerships and you share outlines of the healthcare sector and them on board and after this Leone, Liberia, Zambia, and helping to improve health some the initiatives that serving the underserved successful conference I will Burundi as invited by First services in the continent? the Merck Foundation communities in a quality and start executing the programs Ladies there. We still want to visit already has on its equitable way. in each country with the I will also visit soon Ghana DR Congo and Congo- calendar? support of each First Lady since we are going to conduct Brazzaville, Guinea Conakry, We will be expanding Senegal also hosted the and ministry of health and the next edition there with Guinea -Bissau, Mal, Benin and launching in many new 5th edition of the Merck for the countries that we have H.E, First Lady of Ghana. and Cameroon. countries this year in a bigger Africa Asia Luminary, started already, we will follow She is waiting for us to start As per the challenges I way, Burundi, Botswana, how did the forum go up and expand to improve working immediately. face, one is the time I need to Zambia, and Liberia. There and what were some of access to equitable healthcare Is there any part of Africa travel to all these countries is also a new initiative we are the outcome? solutions. that the Merck Foundation and we all know it takes going to launch very soon, but This conference was very My first state visit after has not yet reached, and sometimes two days to travel I will to keep it a surprise for special since it was presided this conference was to may we know some of the from country to country since now. by The president of Senegal Central African Republic challenges you face as the there are no direct flights in H.E. Macky Sall who led 10 in November. I will now be CEO in the course of building most cases. Last question, how do And of course, you envisage the future the follow up on of health care in Africa implementation and the partnerships which takes also that Merck foundation a lot of efforts is forging across the and time, we continent? have many I think the future will be stakeholders and brighter if we cooperate you can imagine together. The magnitude of the magnitude of the health challenges are very communication big to be addresses by one and discussion that organization. The secret is in can be generated the private public partnership to make things and to really get things done really happen and by been hands on. not only to talk No time for talking about it. anymore. We need to talk only when we talk about our With regards impact and way forward. Dr. Rasha Kelej, CEO Merck Foundation meets the future Oncologists to 2019, could PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 25 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa The Second Coming Of Julius Maada Wonie Bio By Uzman Unis Bah democracy. our commitment to Bio is the fifth elected restore this country President of Sierra Leone and to democratic civilian was sworn into office on 4th rule is irreversible.” April 2018. He was born on 12 True to his words, Bio May 1964. did not only preside over the conduct of First Rescue Mission the first democratic In April 1992, Bio and his election in nearly colleagues at the warfront, three decades but angry about the corruption also voluntarily and incompetence of President relinquished power Peace maker Joseph Saidu Momoh’s to the democratically All Peoples Party (APC) elected government of Government, staged a coup. late President Ahmad Sierra Leone’s Truth and Tejan Kabbah. Reconciliation Commission (TRC), in its widely hailed report Politician of 2004, described the coup as In 1996, Julius something of a rescue action by Maada Bio resigned patriotic soldiers. from the army, went to the United States Peacemaker on scholarship, Though a tough warrior, and bagged a Bio has always preferred Masters Degree in Champion Of Democracy peaceful resolution of problems International Affairs to fighting. He and his men from American reorganized the army and University in Milestones launched several successful attacks Washington, DC. The milestones of President Bio’s against the RUF, dislodging them He returned to life as an adult coincides with some of from large parts of the country. As Sierra Leone in the most important events in the life Head of State, Bio initiated the Sierra April 2003, set up of Sierra Leone, in large part because Leone Civil war Peace settlement. several businesses, he helped shape those events. The son His efforts led to the Abidjan Peace and in 2005 officially of the Paramount Chief of the Sogbini Accord and after a series of other joined the Sierra Chiefdom in Southern Sierra Leone, failed and discouraging attempts, Leone People›s Bio opted to join the army after Sierra Leone finally got peace with the Party (SLPP). He finishing secondary school instead Lome Accord in 2002. contested the 2012 Politician of going to university, which was elections as SLPP open to him. At 32, he became Head Champion of Democracy Presidential Candidate lost to the political accountability, President of State and guided the process that Bio was almost singularly incumbent, President Ernest Bai Bio set up a Transition team in April returned Sierra Leone to multi-party determined among his colleagues Koroma, who rigged the elections. 2018, whose Governance Transition that the National Provisional He ran for President again as the Team Report detailed corruption by Ruling Council (NPRC) should SLPP’s standard-bearer on a platform the Government of former President keep their word about conducting of anti-corruption and promising to Ernest Bai Koroma. As a follow-up to elections. Upon assuming office provide free primary and secondary that report, Government announced as Head of State, Bio told the education. He won the votes steps to establish the Commission of nation in his maiden address on decisively in March 2018. Inquiry and is following through on 17th January 1996 “Fellow Sierra other recommendations. Leoneans, before concluding this Keeping his Word •Zero Tolerance for corruption: address, let me once again assure •Political Accountability: In Keeping to his campaign promise of Firest Rescue Mission the international community that furtherance of his commitment to fighting corruption, the President

Call / eMail Us Tel:2404292177, email: [email protected], [email protected] 26 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

Keeping his Word : Zero Tolerance for Keeping his Word : Free Quality Education Keeping his Word : Political corruption Accountability has taken steps to restructure This is the country’s biggest These executive orders have approximately US$9 million. engage and attract investors and empower the Anti- human development project resulted in increased revenue Also, Government has signed for the construction of “Lungi Corruption Commission since independence in 1961 collection, minimised an agreement to expand the Bridge” to improve the by appointing a competent that will target more than leakages and control Rural Renewable Energy transportation from Lungi young commissioner. He has 2 million children, 56, 129 expenditures. Bio has also Project (RREP) of mini-grids International Airport. also encouraged the Auditor teachers and 8,105 schools committed his Government from 54 chiefdoms to 194 •On the world Stage: His General to conduct system for the first phase. The initial to economic diversification chiefdoms; Excellency the President’s reviews and directed Minister cost is estimated at US$ 87.6 by focusing on three priority • Infrastructure: leadership style has won the of Finance and Attorney- million. Government has sectors – Agriculture, President Bio is very admiration of his colleague General and Minister of committed 21% of its budget Fisheries and Tourism. committed to infrastructure presidents who praised him at Justice to institute the Stolen for this year with a funding •Improved Energy development by focusing on: the Commonwealth Summit Assets Recovery Initiative gap of US$ 10 million; supply: To improve on improving road, air and sea in the UK and during State (StAR), which supports •Transforming the access to electricity supply transportation; increasing Visits to Senegal, Nigeria, international efforts to end Economy: President Bio at Government signed access to water supply Ivory Coast, Guinea, Liberia safe havens for corrupt funds. took over a country with a two-year Utility Grid and improved sanitation; and Qatar. President Bio is •Free Quality Education: very challenging economic Infrastructure & Electricity improving information, currently the Coordinator In August, he launched conditions. Therefore, he contract for the generation Communications and for the Committee of 10 (C- his free quality education announced two separate of electricity at a reduced Technology, improving 10) and Chairman of the project which started on executive orders on Revenue tariff rate of 16.4USc/KWh Lands, Housing and Peace and Security Council 17th September 2018 to Mobilisation (Published from the original tariff of Country Planning and of the African Union. He increase nationwide access 9th April 2018) and on 19.596USc/KWh negotiated improving environmental was also honored to deliver to pre-primary, primary Expenditure Control by the former Government, management. Bio has also a statement at the 4th and secondary schooling. (Published 25th April 2018). making an annual savings of shown commitment to Investing in Africa Forum in China where he told investors “Sierra Leone is Open For Business”.

Family Brigadier (Retired) Julius Maada Bio is the fifth elected President of Sierra Leone. He was sworn into the office on 4 April 2018. Born on 12 May 1964, President Bio was formally inaugurated as Head of State of the Republic of Sierra Leone on his 54th birthday. President Bio is married to Fatima Bio.

Call / eMail Us Tel:2404292177, email: [email protected], [email protected] PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 27 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa Inside Africa Zuma Out, Ramaphosa In: Assessing Ramaphosa's First 10 Months At The Helm in South Africa By Prince Kurupati

State Capture scandal. Paving way for Zuma after his resignation was Cyril Ramaphosa, a man who had served in the Zuma administration as the Vice President and who had just been elected as the President of the ANC. In his first few days, media outlets in South Africa used the catchphrase ‘Ramaphoria’ as a way of describing the happiness that had engulfed the nation following Ramaphosa’s inauguration. Fast forward 10 months later, the praises for Ramaphosa have dwindled. It is in light of this that we decided to take a look at Ramaphosa’s first 10 months in office, looking at what may have caused people to lose 14 February is a special day African National Congress white monopoly capital. This angered by Zuma’s failure to faith in him while at the same for those who believe in love, (ANC) wanted to pass if he was further compounded honour his promises and also time looking at the factors however, for South Africans, failed to resign ‘soonest’. As by the Land Expropriation his weal stance in tackling why others want Ramaphosa this year’s Valentine’s Day such, it was no surprise when without Compensation Act of corruption as well as to be given more time. was more than just a day set media houses were called to resolution which had just his perceived involvement aside for ‘lovebirds’, rather, the government buildings in been passed by his party. in corrupt practices. As a The Good it was also the day that many Pretoria to cover a presser For the rich and mostly populist, Zuma in his election Cyril Ramaphosa promised celebrated the ‘fall’ of Jacob from the president. In fact, white, it meant that not campaigns promised to make a ‘new dawn’ in his first speech Zuma. beforehand, many knew that only were their assets under the life of the ordinary citizen as the president. He went Before 14 February, there there was only one thing threat due to the radical easy through a number of on to further state that there were numerous protests which the president was transformation initiative but ways which include providing were two things in particular mushrooming in all corners going to announce i.e. his also their property (land) more jobs, improving the that he was going to focus on of the country under the resignation. was also under threat from standard of living as well as in the immediate future i.e. banner #ZUMAMUSTFALL. Indeed, the main land expropriation without expediting the land reform cleaning up governance issues Therefore, before Valentine’s message from Jacob Zuma compensation. It is against process. However, a couple and driving an economic Day, the writing was on the on Valentine’s Day was to this background why the of years after his election, turnaround. Staying true to wall that Zuma’s days in announce his resignation. whites and the rich wanted many started to think and his word, Cyril Ramaphosa power were numbered. The news was met with Zuma gone. From the word say that he was not doing in his first few hours in A few days before the great aplomb and fanfare by go, it was crystal clear that enough while others stated office ordered a raid on ‘big day’ it had become South Africans both rich and Zuma would be replaced by that he had outright failed various properties belonging increasingly evident that poor, white and black, ruling another ANC top official in to honour his promises. to the controversial Gupta then-president Jacob Zuma party supporters as well as Cyril Ramaphosa. However, Therefore, it is at this point family which was believed would not complete his opposition party supporters. the belief was that a change that Zuma started becoming to be the orchestrators of term in office (just like For the rich and mostly in personalities would also the ‘enemy’ of the people. the State Capture scandal. his predecessor Thabo white, they had been angered entail a change in other facets This was compounded by the By ordering the raid, Mbeki) mainly as a result by Zuma’s pursuance of such as policy. corruption sagas that Zuma Ramaphosa wanted to show of the impending vote of no the radical transformation For the poor, most of whom was involved in most notably that he would not be ‘weak’ confidence that his party, the initiative which threatened are also blacks, they had been the Nkandla debacle and the when it comes to corruption 28 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs lost their lives during the liberation struggle. However, on the other hand, the land expropriation without compensation is a failure as it undermines property rights. As per the constitution of South Africa right now, the agreement is that anyone willing to acquire land be it citizens or the government has to compensate the current landowner. As such, taking land without compensation will be a direct violation of the country’s supreme law of the land and a violation of the universal right to property thus on that front, Ramaphosa’s decision to pass the motion Former President Jacob Zuma and then Deputy President Cyril Ramaphosa.Ramaphosa has the last of land expropriation without laugh and is now the President. compensation motion in and mismanagement of motion divides opinion, it man is Tom Moyane, the Ramaphosa has also parliament is a huge failure. government resources; certainly appeals to the blacks South African Revenue respected the House of Other failures (though indeed, Ramaphosa did show and the landless who feel let Services boss suspended Assembly. In his first 10 Ramaphosa still has time to that he is strong-willed and is down by the ‘willing buyer and is awaiting disciplinary months, he has visited the correct them) include the willing to go the extra mile in willing seller’ policy which hearings. The president House of Assembly for a inability of Ramaphosa’s cracking down on corruption. currently guides land reform. also reassigned former state President Q and A session on administration to stop the A good start we should say! Though not directly security agency boss Arthur three occasions. As stated by ever-rising unemployment Following up on his good involved, but certainly under Fraser who was facing the FW De Klerk Foundation, rate which is now at its start, Ramaphosa went on to his tutelage, the National numerous allegations of Ramaphosa has not only highest since the country shake things up in a positive Prosecuting Authority did mismanagement to head the impressed with his presence attained its independence way when he named his announce the decision to department of correctional “but the manner in which in 1994. Ramaphosa has cabinet. A number of key prosecute Zuma on 783 services. he answered the difficult also failed to improve health Zuma allies allegedly believed counts of fraud, corruption, Ramaphosa’s corruption questions” commands care and delivery in his first to have been complicit in the money-laundering and crackdown does not just end respect. months as president as the state capture debacle and racketeering. Some of the with prosecuting individuals health system in the country other corrupt practices were charges precede the time he but goes a step further as he is The Bad worsened during his tenure. shown the door. In their was elected as president. By tightening up any loopholes in In as much as Ramaphosa Ramaphosa has also failed place came new ‘untainted’ opening up the charges, the the justice ‘system’. Recently, has done a lot of things right to steer the country out of its faces. The only downside of NPA and also Ramaphosa Ramaphosa amended the for the country as well as for economy ‘downturn’ which Ramaphosa’s cabinet was shows the nation that the state capture inquiry to allow the general populace, there saw fuel prices rise thrice that it did not achieve gender rule of law is still observed in for the admission and hearing are still some things that he in a single calendar year, parity but that is something South Africa and that anyone of testimonies in criminal has fallen short of. Firstly, something which has never which can always be rectified irrespective of position will proceedings. there is the issue of the happened before. Lastly, with subsequent cabinet be charged if there are any Aimed specifically for land expropriation without Ramaphosa failed to raise the reshuffles. allegations levelled against young people, Ramaphosa compensation. On one minimum wage, rather opting Though not acting alone, him. All that’s left now is for launched the Youth side, the land expropriation to postpone the national Ramaphosa at the forefront the former president to prove Employment Service (YES) without compensation is minimum wage after labour also helped the ANC to vote his innocence. whose main objective is to a positive to the landless bodies in the country as well in unison with opposition Following up on his empower the youth through blacks as it affords them as civil society and some political party, the Economic corruption crackdown, paid work experience and the opportunity to become opposition political parties Freedom Fighters (EFF) Ramaphosa suspended seed-funding. The initiative is landowners, something had agreed on the minimum to pass a motion to begin and fired a number of a collaborative effort between which they have longed for wage. a process to allow for land top bosses at government the government, business, so long and also, the most expropriation without entities implicated in civil society and labour. important reason why their compensation. Though the corrupt practices. One such Last but not least, ancestors and relatives PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 29 PANInside AFRICAN Africa VISIONs Inside Africa

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Please email: [email protected], WhatsApp: +256 759 058363 | call/text: +254 792 374554 for a prompt proposal within 24hrs 30 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs The Eritrean Spirit of Self Reliance Should be an inspiration to the rest of Africa-A Conversation With Former Finance Minister Gebreselassie Tesfamichael By Ajong Mbapndah L

t was one of the most imposed since 1999. The substantive and embargo, asset freeze, and Ipositive developments travel ban were imposed that happened in Africa on the grounds that Eritrea recently says Gebreselassi was supporting al-Shabab Tesfamichael describing the militants in Eritrea. recent peace accords which While he welcomes the ended decades of conflict lifting of sanctions, like and war between Eritrea and the Eritrean government, Ethiopia. On the heels of the Gebreselassi a former peace accords, the United Minister of Finance Nations lifted sanctions maintains that the charges

Former Finance Minister Gebreselassie Tesfamichael Eritrea is happy with the peace deal and lifting of sanctions which to him were unjust in the first place.

that led to the sanctions were of development should serve some border issues, fighting ludicrous. In a long chat as an inspiration to rest of at the borders but this was with Pan African Visions, Africa, says Gebreselassi. only one aspect of the overall Gebreselassi, who has Excepts conflict. The conflict itself experience spanning 30 years was a vision conflict and it in economic development at On the recent peace was on three critical issues: national and international accords between Eritrea the issue of how to go about levels says Eritrea not only and Ethiopia nation building, the issue survived the sanctions but It was one of the of democracy, and that of came out victorious. But substantive and positive development. The issues how did this country of developments that has between the two countries was circa 6 million people, cope happened in Africa recently. because of these contrasting with a war against its bigger It is going to be important not visions which were in a way and powerful neighbor and only for the two countries but linking these two countries the fury of the entire world for relations in the South. where neighbors were on the through sanctions? Part of There is a misconception, one hand collaborators, and the answer lies in a self- misunderstanding of what the other hand competitors. Eritrean President Isaias Afwerki hosts Ethiopian reliant model of development the conflict was. It has been PM Abiy in Asmara. The humble dwelling of the which mitigated the impact depicted as a border conflict, On What Eritrea and Eritrean President speaks volumes on the simplicity of the war and sanctions. The disputed territory but that is Ethiopia stand to gain, of life in Eritrea. self-reliant spirit and model far from the truth. There were and lessons Africa can

Pan African Visions MAGAZINE, 7614 Green Willow Court, Hyattsville,MD 20785 Tel:2404292177, email: [email protected], [email protected] PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 31 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa Inside Africa learn from this moving an achieving of the countries which is very ongoing is a democratic one. others. The democratic Peace is the big result of development goals attest to open and extremely rich in Eritrea gained independence movement has been degraded the peace accord. It is also their self-reliance. its cultural heritage. It is not but it took two years for because of the war. Hopefully an opportunity for the two On the impact of the self- afraid of foreign ideas but it to have a referendum. now that Eritrea has been countries to be involved reliance model in Eritrea also open to foreign ideas. After the referendum there reestablished we will take the in development. It is also The war has really On the perception of was the issue of drafting a path we were on before. important for the rest of impacted development, and democracy in Eritrea constitution using external Africa to look into the causes, Eritrea has not developed as The present movement experts, civil society and and mechanisms of the it should have. Through self- conflict and try to learn from reliance, it had one of the it. It is important that the highest growth rates in the two countries come together early years. The trajectory because we cannot bridge was really going to be good the ethnic difference without in terms of transformation cooperation between the two of the economy. However, we countries. all know what happened with On How Eritreans feel the country engaged in a 20- about the lifting of year war. sanctions by the UN Could the opening up or first, the sanctions were new exposure to the outside unjustified. They are happy world have on impact on that those sanctions have this self-reliant development been lifted. But there should model that sustained Eritrea have never been any. Despite in its hour of need? the sanctions, Eritrea has Our model can survive any survived and came out condition and it is the best you victorious. The fact that can find anywhere because it With the lifting of sanctions, it may come as a shock to that despite the sanctions, Eritrea has fared relatively and is in better shape than many expect. Eritrea is still standing, is self-reliant. Eritrea is one No Retreat No Surrender: Southern Africa and the Land Reform Quagmire By Prince Kurupati ndependence straight to forcefully take back the is multifaceted. land as a way of attaining economic IIndependence is an independence which she had not umbrella word. When talking yet attained. The ‘forceful’ manner about independence, we in which the government decided are talking of many things. to take did have its shortcomings; From the early 1970s to the due to these shortcomings, the early 1990s, most southern government and the country paid African countries attained heavily. their ‘independence’. Namibia took a different route, Unbeknown to them, in the wake of the realization, it however, the independence decided to amend its land reform they had attained was not full policy so as to expedite land independence, rather, it was redistribution. just one arm of independence In the wake of the realization, i.e. political independence. South Africa was a bit undecided After years of suffering and at first. First, it took literally fighting, not many people It took several years before southern steps to correct the ‘independence no action. However, following (native southern Africans) attached African nations began to realize that mistake’ in the hope that they would pressure from society and the civil too much importance to the ‘form’ of the independence they had won was gain full independence. society, the government decided to independence they had attained, all not full independence. In the wake of In the wake of the realization, amend the land reform policy. The they cared about was the fact that they the realization, most southern African Zimbabwe decided to abandon all amendments, however, did little in were now able to ‘rule themselves’. states immediately decided to take forms of ‘land reform policy’ and went expediting land redistribution and 32 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs reform policy. This policy southern Africa will neither solutions without consulting simply entailed that only retreat nor surrender when nation states. However, after those white farmers willing to it comes to expediting land realizing how some of the sell their land will be allowed reform. proffered solutions did little to sell. At the same time, all Electioneering in averting what they were those willing to buy could buy The era of the guns is supposed to prevent, global any land they want and the gone, now, political survival financial institutions decided funds to buy the land would solely depends on the ballot to take a new approach. The be provided by the British (at least when respecting new approach saw global government (the former the democracy doctrine). financial institutions taking colonial master). In as much As such, in an attempt to a new route of working in as this policy was good, it did ‘survive’ politically, parties partnership with nation- as such, a number of civil Good or bad, the corrective fail to achieve its purpose do all things possible to win states in order to figure society organizations, as well policies and actions taken as very few farmers were at the ballot. Recognizing out solutions to economic as one of the main opposition were enacted to stay. In light willing to sell their land hence that the land question is the challenges. political parties i.e. the of this, we explore some of blacks willing to buy land had major election issue among Listening to the proffered Economic Freedom Fighters the reasons why despite huge nowhere to buy. the black community (which solutions of southern African (EFF), created their own condemnation and criticism, The failure of the willing is the largest community nations to their underlying ‘alternative’. The alternative southern African nations buyer willing seller land come election time hence the systematic constraints, global entailed taking back the land have decided to stick with reform policies in southern determinant of an election financial institutions such as from white colonial farmers their corrective policies and African nations tainted outcome), parties including the World Bank have decided and redistributing it to the actions. Note though that the image of the ruling revolutionary parties employ to work with the proffered landless blacks albeit with no the following has a particular revolutionary parties. all sorts of tricks to win the solutions rather than offer compensation being paid to focus on South Africa. Instead of being viewed as voters’ hearts. One such their own solutions. One the white farmers. Correcting Broken saviours, they were now trick is ‘giving’ the masses such solution proffered by The alternative land reform Promises viewed as ‘oppressors’ and what they have longed for, Southern African nations policy in South Africa was In general, it’s been over ‘sellouts’ as they were failing for so long i.e. land. In as pertains to land redistribution hugely popular with the black 20 years since most southern to honour their promises. It much as redistributing land as a way of addressing community. Recognizing African governments is against this background is correcting past I justices, inequality, redistributing that their own stock was attained their (political) that ruling revolutionary when done as a way of wealth and correcting the falling due to the existing independence. Since that parties in southern Africa winning votes, it is effectively legacy of segregation. As land reform policy, the ruling time, virtually all countries are are now adamant on ‘fast’ electioneering. such, the mere fact that party which in the same vein still being led and governed land reform policies as they Appeasing Global Financial global financial institutions was the government of the by revolutionary parties. know that their survival lies Institutions have decided to support day decided to embrace the In the struggle for self- on their ability to honour Global financial homegrown solutions has ‘alternative’ land reform determination, evolutionary their promises which they institutions largely work necessitated southern African policy and as such, it adopted parties promised the citizenry made to the citizenry which with countries to figure nations to take a hardline the ‘Land Expropriation that once independence is is, redistributing land to out solutions to economic stance in pursuing strictly the without Compensation’ attained, they would be able the landless blacks. With challenges. In days gone by, land ‘new’ reform policies. policy at party level, a couple to get back their land which their survival at stake, global financial institutions of months later, it joined had been stolen by white revolutionary parties in used to proffer economic hands with the opposition settlers. (EFF) in passing a motion As a result, the support of ‘Land Expropriation afforded to the revolutionary without Compensation’ at parties pre-independence parliamentary level. was premised on the promise In all, the conclusions that that the citizenry would we can draw from the above be given back ‘their’ land. is that soon after realizing Indeed, during independence that they had not attained talks, the land question full independence, southern dominated the negotiations. African countries did (on In the end, most if not all their own as well as forcibly) southern African nations took measures to correct (led by revolutionary parties) the past wrongs by coming decided to agree with white up with alternative land settlers as well as the British Two Presidents battling with the complex issue of land reforms Hage Geingob redistribution policies and government on the willing of Namibia and Cyril Ramaphosa of South Africa. actions. buyer willing seller land PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 33 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa South Sudan: SPLM party retreat to halt partition By Deng Machol because we are divided to the Kiir reminded the SPLM maximum,” President Kiir members. said He called on the party SPLM’s factions members to wake up and The 2013 conflict saw the defend the party legacies not SPLM disintegrate into four to be let down it founders. factions, the mainstream “We must rise to protect SPLM, the SPLM-IO under our liberation credentials, Taban Deng, the SPLM-IO and bring hopes to our people under Dr. Riek Machar and who pinned their future the SPLM-FDs. on historical legacy of this However, series of party,” Kiir added. We must meeting were held in various rise so that the words of countries, including Uganda, Prophet Isaiah ring true. The Egypt, and South Africa, in an SPLM must lead, the SPLM effort to re-unify the factions, President Salva Kiir must inspire, SPLM must under the Arusha agreement, uba - The chairman people of South Sudan were cohesion and modernized unleash its liberation zeal but end up in vain. of the Sudan People fighting an internal colonial SPLM. The discussions were and captivate the imagination Only the faction under JLiberation Movement power that was built on Arab geared towards performance, of our people yet again. This first vice president Taban (SPLM) in the world youngest and Islamic identity to the evaluation and strategies of sleeping giant must wake up Deng rejoined the mother nation has said the incumbent exclusion of the many, who transform the SPLM, capable and proclaim its greatness party in May this year, but ruling party is weak because professed other religious of leading the prosperous once again,” he added. they don’t participate in the members are divided. beliefs and who clearly had nation. Kiir further urged the SPLM the recent SPLM retreat in SPLM Chairman Salva no Arabic genealogy. Addressing the cadres to defend liberation Lobonok, home area of the Kiir, who is also the country’s In all, the SPLM waged participants, the SPLM credential from the regional vice president Dr. James president said different arm struggle with the aim chairman Kiir has and international community Wani Igga to discuss ways political ideologies and to overthrow Khartoum acknowledged the weakness with aims of ending conflicts of transforming and re- individual ambitions have government so that they can of the historical party, which and eradicate a poverty in the organizations the 35-years caused the ruling party to establish the New Sudan he said it need urgently world youngest nation. old party. derail from its objective of and engender a new political restorative to avoid further “Always when you are delivering services to the dispensation. Though, the fracture. in difficulties, remember Kiir on Taban’s group people of South Sudan. SPLM didn’t take over the “The SPLM is now very your colleague [s] who was Kiir said Taban group has In earlier December, the government in Khartoum, weak - not because we are with you yesterday but he used a wrong procedure to SPLM cadres converged its successfully achieved the bankrupt [but] it is weak died because of this land,” rejoin the SPLM under him, at Lobonok County of the ultimate objectives of the former Central Equatoria people of South Sudan, which State (CES), south of Juba is independent, seven years capital, on the challenges ago. facing the party and how The SPLM has been to re-strategize on the way blighted by divisions forward. among its members since an establishment. Despite SPLM established the independent, under The SPLM was established leadership of the SPLM, in May 1983 to fight gross another civil war broke out injustice, marginalization in 2013, after two years of and oppression of the people secession, as results of power of southern Sudan just struggling within the ruling because they happened to party between president Kiir be black Africans who have and his former deputy Dr. their beliefs and did not have Machar power. The ruling party leaderships Under the SPLM – late retreat under the theme South Sudan President, Salva Kiir Mayardiit shakes hands with SPLM-IO John Garang de Mabior, the ‘towards transformation leader Rick Marchar 34 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs they should organize themselves first and challenges and to before they can join the ruling party. give them the inspiration During the retreat, Kiir told that them to gather more participants that Taban Deng has strength and momentous been asking him when he is going to to propel their party and a appoint them to the ruling party’s country forward. political bureau. “My colleague Taban and his other Political upheaval comrades have been asking when President Kiir said the am I going to appoint them into the political upheavals which the SPLM political bureau so that they SPLM are undergoing are are considered as full members. I normal processes of shaping have not been answering them until and forming a great nation. the day before our departure to come “Through this process, we to Lobonok here,” Kiir explained. will get to know our allies, I told Ezekiel [SPLM-IO Taban’s our friends and our enemies spokesman] that, Ezekiel you did not alike within the regional and do your work in your house before international structures. We Taban Deng Gai and Salva Kirr Gen Taban declared the dissolution are also learning internally of the SPLM-IO. We were expecting about the best ways we can manage “The SPLM structures need to be injustices, political sectarianism, that you [Taban’s group] would come politics and resources.” Kiir said. empower because currently they are ethnic chauvinism, marginalization and sit alone in your political bureau On the same event, the SPLM left out of decision making process and exploitation, religious bigotry to approve the dissolution of your deputy chairman, James Wani – and are rendered redundant, for and intolerance,” Kiir said. These party and declare you are joining the Igga emphasized on the effective that reason, are neglected as toothless vices are all rooted in poverty and SPLM.” transformation and re-organizations institutions by the party cadres scarcity.” After the outbreak of the renewed of the SPLM to be capable of leading nationwide,” Nunu said. “This state Observers often said the internal fighting in Juba in July 2016, the democratic nation. of affairs’ impact negatively on the wrangles over leadership and lack of Taban and other members of the He added that for the SPLM to image and important of the SPLM as strong governance institutions have SPLM-IO [under Dr. Machar] survive politically, it needed to the effective and vibrant institution eroded the historical gains of the decided to remain in Juba to work acknowledge its past mistakes and working for the prosperous nation.” SPLM party. with President Kiir. The SPLM-IO carried out institutional reforms. Nunu said. More so, analysts said the recent members who remained behind were Wani asked the SPLM cadres, She further advised that ‘anyone SPLM is incomplete and barren as its then collectively categorized as IO – where they went wrong. seeking position should not have leaved out other SPLM factions, which Taban. “But before you transform it, we direct access to the top authority has signed reunification document for In return, the president Kiir made need to ask ourselves subjectively, but only those found to have track the SPLM in Arusha, years ago. Taban Deng as the first vice president, where have we went wrong. We need record to performance would be The failure of the SPLM is a position Dr. Riek Machar left to be honest about this so that we can recommended for appointment. attributed to lack of strong leadership In a statement date May 7, Taban clean the house – that is only way and institutions, which need serious announced the dissolution of the forwards for the SPLM,” Wani said. “If Peace deal renaissance. SPLM-IO Taban structure and we don’t transform the SPLM in this President Kiir, his former deputy Though, there are more ten chapters under his leadership, hall, [then] we will never transform Machar and several opposition political parties in South Sudan, assuming that they had officially the SPLM again,” he added. groups in September signed a new none is capable to challenges the joined the ruling party. Taban Meanwhile, the SPLM Acting power-sharing deal aimed at ending ruling parties at moment in spite a indicated that the dissolution of Secretary General Ms. Jemma Nunu the five-year old conflict. dissection. his group is in line with the SPLM Kumba also emphasized on the Kiir said they must transform their This was the second SPLM unification as stipulated in the 2015 strengthening the SPLM structures, experience of war by redefining the leaderships retreat since the Arusha agreement. which she says the SPLM structures greatest enemy of the people, which independence, as the first ruling However, Kiir said they [Taban’s have for long been neglected and is a poverty, a mother of illiteracy, party retreat was being held in mid group] should write to the chairman, disregarded in decision-making poor health, fighting, corruption and – December 2013, but ended up with stating their interest to join the ruling process. nepotism, hatred and jealously. a [current] violence, which killed party. She said the state institutions “we must without fail confront one hundred thousand people and The SPLM – IO Taban, when have been undermined by the cat poverty head on and the SPLM displaced 2.5 million people from contacted, has declined to talk about members choosing to access the party must lead. We must face poverty their homes before resulted into ruin the issue. chairman [president] directly without face poverty with all our might economic in the country. The retreat is to enable the SPM first addressing themselves to local and be guided by our principles to cadres to reflect on their achievements structures. fight against forces of repression,

Call / eMail Us Tel:2404292177, email: [email protected], [email protected] PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 35 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa Strong Political Will Needed to Take Gender Issues Seriously in Sierra Leone- Naasu Fofanah By Ishmael Sallieu Koroma aasu Fofanah structures. President is a Gender after president have Nand women’s’ made pronouncements rights activist, an expert but in terms of having in public policy among a substantive law for others. Presently she example that will is the deputy leader of give women at least Unity Party in Sierra minimum 30% quota in Leone. governance and not just In this exclusive political participation interview with Ishmael but right across decision Sallieu Koroma, Naasu making. takes me through the We do not have that, so challenges and the if you are talking about progress made so far in women’s empowerment, championing women’s from my experience rights and development. in Sierra Leone, no She starts by making a we don’t. we could see general assessment of even in parliament, women’s empowerment we have low number and challenges in the of representation, You country . will see in the cabinet Ishmael: Basically, low number of women let us start with a Sieera Leone needs to do more on gender issues and empowerment says Naasu Fofana representation. general appraisal of The policy is covering quite gender is a cross cutting issue people to grow. So, if you Ishmael: You were women’s empowerment a number of issues, on and women’s empowerment are talking about women’s Gender Adviser to and challenges in Sierra education , women’s political is a cross cutting issue. So, if political empowerment, you former President Leone. participation, women’s health you want to empower women would want to say, do we Koroma for three years Naasu Fofanah: Well, we , violence against women , in agriculture, the Ministry of have a quota? What is there? what was your role have the legal frame work women in innovation and Agriculture would now try to What are the structures back then in the office in terms of empowerment. Technology .Its broader align policies with what the to support me if I want to in pushing through for So we have the policies even what we had prior to now. Ministry of Social Welfare is participate as a woman? women’s participation though I heard recently from So I think it’s very good and doing. In terms of their area, Because if those structures and empowerment? the Ministry of Social Welfare if that particular documents they work together. This is aren’t there from the central Naasu Fofanah: My that with the old policies come out, it would just be multi –sectorial policies that government to create the very first assignment that which we had were not the umbrella of women the Ministry of Gender, and enabling environment for I had when I took office really responding to current policies in the country in Social Welfare and Children’s people to thrive .so do we under President Koroma in needs. As we speak we are one document which will be will be leading in. They are have that? It depends on 2012, the first thing that he developing gender equality easier for implementation. the key Ministry for Gender the area you are looking at. assigned me to do was, could and women’s empowerment What of course development and women’s empowerment Political participation, we you please get me the people policy. It’s a policy when I partners and other people in our country. really do not have an enabling who are responsible in the was in the last government; would need to do is to align Ishmael: Has there been environment for women women’s group to come for we started really, in trying to their support with that any progress in your in Sierra Leone. Why I’m a meeting. I want an update develop it but it take a least government policy. Hope view with regards the saying that. We have had into the 30% quota bill. It was much time. I think they are fully with this policy, different empowerment of women policy statements; we have my first assignment and the almost finalizing it. institutions, government and in the country? political parties that have female caucus in parliament I haven’t perused it to other institutions including Naasu Fofanah: gender policies which they was responsible for putting see where I could make my Ministries, Department and Empowerment is very broad don’t pay attention to. For the together the documents. They own contribution to look at Agencies would be able to concept. It is very, very broad; government we do not have a were leading. I contacted the it and proffer solution and align their work with the key you know empowerment in quota policy. We have heard female parliamentary caucus, give feed back to the gender partner which is the Ministry which area? Empowerment is pronouncement, but we do and Honourable Marie directorate and to see if of Social Welfare, Gender and really more about establishing not have a written down Yansaneh was the president there was any improvement. Children’s Affairs because the frameworks to support policy to have it within our and then late Elizabeth Alpha 36 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Lavalie was vice president Moijue Kaikai decided to take were focusing on of the caucus. It was quite that document and do what certain areas and disappointing that when I they wanted to do with it to every time you went to parliament to actually the extent he actually kept want to try to let talk with these women that me out in that scene because them incorporate the president would like to he thought I was taking over gender issues they meet with you to come and his job. I only do things that wouldn’t. They give an update. Most of the the president requested to would take it not women, especially at that do and my role was also to important but time women in the opposition bring to attention issues of that’s because the Sierra Leone Peoples Party immediate attention anything Gender Ministry (SLPP) gave a Luke warm that required his immediate from a policy response. The support that action. perspective also we were expecting from the Ishmael: As policy sometimes doesn’t female parliamentary caucus expert on gender issues, quite understand to come and give an update is the government that their role is wasn’t good. In the end we really serious about cross cutting and only had three people of the championing the rights its coordination leadership and I remember of women in the country? as well that we sitting with Alpha Lavalie Naasu Fofanah: You know, need to be able to and Yansaneh discussing the my experience is we have a work with other draft bill. I would tell you, I government, this government ministries to have challenged women who and the last government integrate gender say oh the former president which is very much male perspectives into didn’t have the political –led and there are lots of their plans. So, will. For the 30% quota, the challenges when you get to the you can’t say parliament of 2012 and up top when you actually start oh something to last year if we the women talking about these issues at about women’s had worked on it and tabled policy level. So as somebody in agriculture, Naasu Fofanah says even as Speccial Adviser to former it in my opinion, professional who spearheaded the gender you have to do President Ernest Bah Koroma gender issues were a huge opinion, personal opinion, I equality and women’s it. Women and challenge. believe we would have had it. empowerment pillar, in the Energy you have to do it .No! annoyed some of his party party has on our leadership What we didn’t do is last administration for the You partner, so I remember members. For example, when and governance structure is having the document Agenda for Prosperity which working in the state House he appointed me as gender something that people don’t ready so because people concludes by the end of this what I used to do, if there adviser, I wasn’t a member of quite understand and for we played politics. Where month. Trying to even get that was a Programme, and the any political party when I was you to be able to make those is the document? Even pillar was extremely difficult president was interested, appointed it shocked people. decisions without reference during the last elections, as a policy document. I had because what he tried to do So if he had taken few of those to them, I mean its takes when people started to talk seven male colleagues; I was was putting gender issues in bold steps and appointed a lot of guts. Most people about the quota .Where is the only female pillar lead. his spaces and he tried that people because they were don’t want to lose face with the document? Because you When I tried to introduce, the by appointing lots of women competent, I think he would their political party. But cannot just say they didn’t Gender Equality and women’s within the presidency .He have left a very great legacy. the policies we don’t even pass the 30% quota. Did we Empowerment pillar it wasn’t appointed the first female But I’m telling you that there need policies because we have the document that we easy. I went through technical Chief State of Protocol, I was were a lot of pressures when have enough policies for the want tabled? For me in that presentation which was good, there first Gender Adviser and he took that forefront. I don’t next fifty years .we can just area, we also didn’t do our because I want them to other senior civil servants. know if you remember that may add a little bit there to job. Now, May be it would understand the rationale and I believe, I’m saying this time, he was very in the fore upgrade because we have have gone through, May be it the reason why we needed genuinely; former President front on gender issues. People the Sierra Leone Conference wouldn’t have gone through, to pay attention on these Koroma really wanted to within the establishment, on Transformation which may be it wouldn’t have gone issues and eventually pillar appoint women with in his didn’t quite like it. So informs to chart the way through .we didn’t test it .we 8 become one of the most government. Remember let’s it’s really easy to say that forward for the next fifty have to take responsibility. funded pillars in a number not forget about politics, now sometimes our leaders aren’t years. So the women’s issue That’s was what I did then. We of ways. I created a whole he could have taken some serious. Political parties are are not just been a politician, tried and we pushed but you awareness in terms of gender actions, he could have and he the gate keepers. I’m sure the role of the political parties know the Ministry of Gender issues and participation but should have; you understand. that the president might is one thing we don’t deal and Social Welfare, and there were a lot of challenges But he listened heavily to want to get 50/50 cabinet with when we are talking Children’s Affairs especially because people, certain his political party and some but then, the political party. about governance in this under the leadership of policy makers and ministers of the appointment he did, The holder that our political country. This is the most PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 37 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa this is just one enabling governments alone even the environment that they past government over the have created in terms years. It is my opinion that of empowerment where they are not serious. Why am people are able to report I saying they are not serious, because of three gender if I get my rights violated acts and most importantly today, the first place I will go Sexual Offences Act to is the Family Support Unit 2012. So people are able (FSU) which is the first point to report when they are of contact. The FSU is one the violated sexually and I’m least underfunded divisions telling you that when you in the Sierra Leone Police look at the trend, every (SLP) most FSU’s are dirty, year it’s going up, I look they are under resourced, at the trend analysis from the people aren’t mostly Rainbow Centre and I trained. They turned them, could see that. It is not they recycled them. When new. We are actually the government says, I have seeing may be 10% of real a law on Sexual offences Act; things that are happening we will jail perpetrators and in our country .The then the investigative arm reported cases is like the of this implementation, is so finger tips because of these weak that the government cases are not reported and I’m speaking of when I .90% don’t get reported at was Gender Adviser when I all. Some who do report, was at the last government not all these cases there are only $1,000 budget, and the no mechanism to charge government for the entire Naasu Fofanah with former President Sirleef Johnson of Liberia. most of them. What this period could only assign powerful. This is where the policies and when it comes to runs. tells you is that our systems $4,000. We have over 70 FSU bottle necks are. This is where implementation of course our Ishmael: In the days aren’t there to support the stations in the country. they squeezed the decision systems are weak . We cannot running up to the 16 days implementation of these laws Ishmael: Thank you very making and this is why do that properly of activism, we got an that we are making. So I was much. It’s a pleasure talking some of us for me with all the But the gatekeepers of upsurge in the number of saying, the government is to you experience I have gathered governance and leadership rape cases in the country not serious about combating Naasu Fofanah: It’s a , the president can appoint , are the political parties, they .what’s your comment? sexual violence. When I pleasure talking to you we can have some beautiful decides how this country Naasu Fofanah: You see, mean government, not these Ishmael.

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PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 39 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa Finding My Way and Becoming QueenMother: An American Journey By Nana Akua Kalia Adayé of the Royal Brong Kingdom (Prof. Kelley Page Jibrell) he day that Africa It was very important that the African dance and realizes that her most first words from an American- Afro-contemporary Tvalue asset is not her born QueenMother spoke dance like the land, but her people, she will the language of our common works of Alvin be victorious. What has made ancestor. Across all Ailey. This helped me a success was not solely boundaries, connecting with me to see the my professional nor academic and engaging the Ivorian value of European, nor civic achievements. What people, traditional rulers African and has made me succeed, and and government has been African-American ultimately become enstooled particularly wonderful and expressions on as QueenMother is trusting welcoming. the same plane. in my spiritual journey My professional expertise Overtime, the and personal purpose. For is what led me to the land of African element those who know a bit of what I would later discover became more my journey, they say my was a part of my ancestral elevated as I grew in becoming has been the real fabric. As a successful my understanding “Wakanda”. Many wonder, Washington-based global of the power and myself included, how I strategist, I was invited to transcendence of became one of the first, if not sit on the AGOA Advisory the African spirit. the first, foreign women to be Committee to help win a 10- Through cultural enstooled QueenMother in year legislative extension exploration and Cote d’Ivoire. I was recently through Congress. Shortly intellect, I never crowned Her Majesty after our victory, the annual felt shame or QueenMother Nanan Akua AGOA conference was held inferiority. But I Kalia Adayé of the Royal in Libreville, Gabon where knew my sentiment Brong (Abron) Kingdom. My I was a speaker. My words was the exception recent enstoolment as Queen resonated with those in the and not the Mother came as a surprise audience and was invited to proverbial rule. and huge honor. work on shea sector initiatives After years The village where I was in Côte d’Ivoire. After a year working for a first enstooled, Tabagne, is and a half of great progress global corporation, the ancestral and traditional and continued efforts, the I wanted to better Nana Akua Kalia Adayé of the Royal Brong Kingdom. gathering place for Akan Ivorians sent for me to come position myself to Royal Kings and Chiefs. It for meetings in the shea become a formidable Advisor tools to feel empowered who Many have wondered how I, is in Tabagne that we have region. A week before my to elected, appointed and in turn, empower others. who had to learn the Waltz annual Yam Festival and arrival, I discovered that the traditional world leaders. I And this is what I was doing for my Debutante Cotillion Adayé Kessie Festival, the region I had been working founded Sachem Global, LLC, with the 10,000 women we could relate to and work so celebration of the new year was the land of my ancestors! a global strategy consultancy organized for improved shea tirelessly for old women living according to the traditional Unbeknownst to me, I was advising visionaries and production and conditions in in African villages. My father Akan calendar. This year working with my people long decision-makers around the Côte d’Ivoire. To some extent, was born in a small shack built was particularly special as before my DNA told me that world and across industries. I thrive as an insider/outsider in the middle of the tobacco my stool had been elevated was part of my roots. I have been able to work with who can compassionately, plantation in the Jim Crow beyond village to the Royal My name is Kelley Page the largest of personalities, and intelligently give a south. The building where Kingdom in Gontougo and Jibrell. I grew up in a in the most dire of countries, fresh perspective as a he was born lost its battle across into the Ghana border. university town in New the most promising people trusted advisor and keep with nature, but I remember When the Elders informed England, where intellect, and the largest and quickly accountability at the visiting it as a little girl. Many me they wanted me to speak, discovery and pushing the diminishing budgets, alike. forefront. African-Americans, Afro- I worked tirelessly so I could boundaries of knowledge All the while, I have managed In many ways, I see my Caribbeans and Africans address the crowd from both were the norm. It is hard to to carve out this niche of self as the embodiment of alike, have family gatherings the Ghanaian and Ivorian pinpoint what started my love being a Change Agent for Africa in all of her glory in “the country” similar to sides of the border in our affair with Africa. Growing up, Visionaries on a referral basis. and paradox. Much of who going back to “the village”. traditional language, Abron. I studied classical ballet, West I enjoy giving the people the I am, I owe to my family. This small home, was swept 40 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs clean and full of pride and little else. founded a bank, but rather what they may be ready, but many of us are and for all of her vast differences, in I remember it so clearly, because I did with it as pioneers. When my ready right now. I wanted to share a every region I go, there is a feeling, would walk around looking for the Grandparent’s bank opened its doors, glimpse of where I come from to help a power that is not felt anywhere bathroom, and there wasn’t one. In the doors were open wide. There was people understanding my inspirations else in the world. The ingenuity, the confusion and frustration, one of my a commitment to using that bank to and my motivations for what I do. I importance of oral traditions, the elders guessed what I was looking for open doors of opportunity to others spent years of my life making others expressions through movement, and pointed to a small structure in who may not have had a chance. The really successful and I wanted to do color and/or adornment, and the the yard. I wore white linen that day, bank opened for hard working people it for Africa. The journey is not easy omnipresence of ancestors are what I quite symbolic for the day I gained like my father’s family. as we have been beaten and bruised have found to be constants. consciousness and lost my fresh, That was how the rural agricultural and lost our path. But now, we are not Professionally, I am a Management young, idealized perspective. With world of one side of my family looking externally, we are beginning Consultant and Strategist. For more all the advancements of electricity, coincided with the political, economic to look within. We are also beginning than 2 decades, I have made good technology, sanitation and even and cultural influencers of the other to connect in new and meaningful organizations great and help the liberation, why was my own family side of my family. It is my belief that ways. vision of leaders become reality. It is still living in the similar conditions as my exposure and relationship with Not surprisingly with the influence my gift and I have trained, studied when we were in bondage? And at that both sides has prepared me to become of my Grandmother, I am an avid art and worked hard to hone it. I have point, I understood the importance of an enstooled QueenMother. collector. African art serves historic helped to implement Presidential economic opportunity and freedom. Many people ask me why I choose pieces and physical manifestations of mandates, restructure multi-billion What I would come to understand to keep going back to the continent, oral traditions and philosophies. The dollar organizations, and helped later is that they were rich in faith and and I reply, “The continent chose world seems to value it more than her organizations win huge contracts and in knowledge of nature. me”. Not everyone, whether it is her own children. I often speak of Africa grants through leveraging strengths Earlier I spoke of paradox. And descendants or even recent migrants as one entity. And in all of its diversity and addressing any weaknesses. many you from the continent, and Those weaknesses ultimately her descendants in the Americas, will became a strength or an area of key be able to relate to the meager, hard- partnership. My work has often been working rural life way of life similar with “the Big Boys” as I have worked to my father’s early upbringing. in some of the most dominant and But my Mother’s side of the family influential industries such as Defense, exposed me to the glamourous life of Aerospace, Economic Development, galas, etiquette and protocol in the Diplomacy, Energy and Museums. upper echelons of Power Brokers. After working around the world on My maternal Grandparents founded 5 continents as a global consultant the first Black-owned bank in one in high demand, I noticed that the of the richest states in the USA. “norms”, “solutions” or “formulas” My Grandfather also oversaw the did not work on the African continent. construction of the bank and my Ultimately, I worked in every region Grandmother decorated the bank of the continent, across Universities, with her own private art collection. private sector, government and NGOs. Watching my Grandparents The external approaches (many well- literally and figuratively build these intended) have failed. As an African- institutions had a profound effect American, I saw both sides of what on me. I believe this is why I see was happening. As an American, I was leadership, projects, community given certain access and benefit of the development and nation building doubt as other Westerns spoke to me from a holistic perspective. openly about those “Africans”. But as The bank, serving as an a Black woman, I was keenly aware economic institution, also created of the poor treatment and regard of a space for artistic expression and elders and the working poor people representation. The construction of by expats and sometimes Africans the building was built to serve the themselves. people and as a monument of progress After a decade of success as a while simultaneously establishing global practitioner, I was invited into job creation. The most significant academia as an Adjunct Professor for aspect was not that my Grandparents MBA graduate students. I take great

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PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 41 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa enjoyment in cultivating my a collective responsibility to students to prepare them engage those of us who have to become conscious global come back from the “Door of citizens while also enjoying No Return”. This serves as professional and economic evidence there is still a great success. The two are not force and connection between mutually exclusive if you us and all good things are employ the right strategies possible. and intentions. I blend my Many of my thoughts experience as a practitioner and learnings have been with pedagogical approaches published in newspapers, as I work with and engage magazines, journals and leaders as an Advisor. conference proceedings. But My passion falls in line I have also used poetry to with which both sides of my collect and document my family represents. First, it is thoughts, experience and important to support those growing wisdom. In 2019, I who have been forgotten by will release my first full poetry society, like my father’s family collection, entitled, “Plight” of the old, rural American as Queen Kalia. The 2019 South. And secondly, to launch will commemorate empower visionaries and 400-year anniversary of the leaders on the continent first documented Africans and her vast diaspora. With brought to Jamestown, VA, authentic knowledge and and English colony that approaches, we can enjoy would become the United more achievements with States of America. We have lasting impact and ultimately come a long way and we have build upon them as a solid some ways to go, but we can foundation for continued do it together. growth and success. Right now, I am pursing my PhD www.sachemglobal.com to establish African-centric frameworks that our Leaders can apply that were missing throughout my professional career. When I was growing up, I had no idea this would be my life’s work and that I would have Kings and Chiefs, CEOs, Ministers, Generals, Governors, Griots, Mayors, and Ambassadors on speed- dial. But somehow, thanks to my ancestors, relentless focus and measurable results, I do. As QueenMother, it is important I bring the perspective and talents of women to the table. My presence as one of a few women leaders in traditional African society is similar to my experience as a woman in the powerful ranks of corporate private sector. I also recognize that we have 42 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Economic Liberalization and Democracy As The Way Forward for Africa By Nevson Mpofu Independent. forward push. The new era Africa is now Politically of political dispensations is Independent, but it is not yet mixed with avarice, greedy Economically Independent. and flush life expectations. This poses challenges to it as These have contributed to a continent at the moment. grant corruption over the There are mountains to climb past decades of political and ahead of it .The continent economic challenges. with a shooting 1, 2 billion It has experienced people, it has the highest despotic, corrupt dictators number of those in poverty before the era of modern style and vulnerability. About Leaders. Traditional style 3,00,000 of its population Leadership. There have been is exposed to climate change a spate of civil wars, political vulnerability , 7,00,000 needs conflicts, displacements, economic empowerment coups and unnecessary Kwame Nkrumah. in terms of Education assassinations. A number o those of us who The coming in of European Tongogara of Zimbabwe and economic Human of political commentators, have read the book by countries then led to the including Joshua Nkomo , Development and expertise . social and economic Analysts TWalter Rodney, How scramble and partitioning of Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia Health wise, it has the highest have asked plethora of Europe under-developed the African continent. With and a few unnamed . HIV and AIDS prevalence rhetoric and unrhetorical Africa published in 1973 in time all the bad of Europe was The rise of Africa rate. It has 35 to 40 million questions. London will conclude with documented.. Revolution started in people living HIV positive out ‘’Where would Africa be the fact why a Revolutionary The act of slavery and Ghana propelled by Kwame of World total of 50 million now if Nkwame Nkrumah political move in Africa servitude under-developed Nkrumah in 1964. This was living HIV positive. the father of Africa was not was inevitable in the early Africa of which its human the first African country to deposed through a coup 1960s. Those who have read resources were an impact take its Independence from It needs Economic in 1966? He died a lonely Chinua Achebe, Things Fall towards the development Britain in 1957. Nkrumah Independence for it to wake politician in Romania in Apart sheds ray of light on of America. Slavery was still stepped up that Africa off the slumber on its face. 1972 and was buried in the structure of our African eventually abolished by was not yet still Independent. As it moves, it takes his home country. Many customs, tradition and the push effort of people His quote still lives in the reactive steps towards Revolutionaries died in the culture. How these came like William Wilberforce Archives of our History. a modern developed pain of assassinations, pulled to fall apart together with and Abraham Lincoln in The first Black Ghanaian Empowered Economy with down in coups and overtaken great heroes of the village of 1863 through a declaration President, the Icon of Ghana high Growth per capita and power by opposition and close Umuofia like Okonkwo brings called the Emancipation and Africa’s Independence Gross Domestic and National allies. Good examples are us to the climax of the bad of Proclamation. was quoted many years back Products. Back home several countries like Mozambique colonisation. The great work of Civil at Ghana’s Independence. challenges impinge its fast where Eduardo Mondlane The infusion of Rights Activists like Malcolm ‘’The Independence Christianity, the story of a X, Marcus Garvey, Phillip of Ghana is man holding a gun. The start Randolph’s, George Mason meaningless unless of Feudalism after slavery. and other Afro-Americans the whole of Africa is The coming in of Imperialism instilled the same spirit in free’’. Nkrumah and and then colonialism .The their African counter-parts other African Leaders, writer divulges how Africa’s of the 1950’, 60s to 70s founding fathers set resources were of benefit generation. These are people up the Organisation to European countries like like Kwame Nkrumah of of African Union Britain, Germany, France Ghana, Patrice Lumumba of now called AU, and Belgium which were former Zaire now Democratic African Unity. The the main colonisers. By the Republic of Congo, Jomo organisation stood 15th century at the peak of Kenyatta of Kenya, Steve Biko to make sure that the late Stone Age, Africa of South AFRICA and Nelson every country under had lineated its path to its Mandela, Eduardo Mondlane colonialism was Presidents Modibo Keita of Mali, Kwame Nkrumah of Economic Development. of Mozambique, Josiah set free, liberal and Ghana and Sekou Toure of Guinea. PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 43 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa Inside Africa was assassinated in 1975. It of the erstwhile colonisers Zimbabwean land is disabled. is totally un-planned. If lifts up Humanitarian is believed to be by Samora . That alone does not mean The fact is that these people African rises against African sectors, food security, Health Machel who took over power our Economic Independence. lack farming equipment, full in xenophobia, what’s more and Education. The idea of from then until his death in There must be strategic knowledge, all the resources with the rise against Whites? African Revolutionaries is plane crash in 1987 in South better framed out ways of needed and foreign funding.’’ . ‘’, pointed out Gibson. brilliant but the challenges Africa. economically decolonising ‘’For the rest of Africa it The Land Reform has after that are big biting in the The same happened to us. The other way could be could be the similar story told. moved more to a lengthened long run’’ . Patrice Lumumba who was devolution ‘’ The case of Zimbabwe could pace with Zimbabwe which The new crop of African shot dead while at a parade Africa is still haunted by be spread to all of Africa but started it slowly from 1982. Leaders like like Emmerson with soldiers. After his death, neo-colonialism. The White you will be creating endless It became stronger after Mnangagwa of Zimbabwe, Mobutu Seseseko took over supremacy is still more problems for the current the year 2000 when ZANU Nana Akufo Addo is quite until he was removed from taking economic powers. A generations. These will then PF was beaten in a yes, aware of the sins of the power by Laurent Kabila . crop of a selection of Leaders cascade to future generations. no referendum by MDC Revolutionary fathers. The last fatal incident of the like Robert Mugabe has No matter at what age you Opposition. The issue of African Leaders still need death of Josiah Tongogara of created the Land Reform in start these reforms, you will empowering Blacks has financial donor funding to Zimbabwe in 1979, a few days Zimbabwe. The same path have killed the livelihoods of benefitted a few African flow into Africa. The new crop before Independence shook is on its linear up pattern the current generation and people under ZANU PF at of African Leaders is moving the rest of Africa. Those who with South Africa. Cyril the future. Even though, tried large. with times in a changing have lived with the ideology Ramaphosa mighty be on and tested, it takes couple An Economic ANALYST World. Even President of assassination have become the right track to bring land of years, more labour force, from Lesotho who had visited Emmerson Mnangagwa adamant Dictators who for the people of South funding, domestic funding Zimbabwe for a Food Security pointed it out early this year caused a lot of unbearable Africa .There are however and needs time, expertise’’. meeting asked to comment, that Zimbabwe will continue trouble. battling mountain challenges. A white South African Silife Sikhosana said, the to look for friends from A ZANU PF Top-Shutter, African countries along the prominent Farmer Godfrey land distribution exercise outside though we own land. Politician of high profile in same narrow path to the Grey lamented on the need started with Julius Mwalimu He however pointed it out contributing to the building new Land Revolution have to for Africa to take a look at Nyerere of Tanzania after the other time that the Land of the Zimbabwe Constitution think twice. the Zimbabwean situation at their Independence in 1964. Reform by Robert Mugabe Paul Mangwana who ‘’So should the Economic hand. He said the situation He said some countries must was a great mistake. Number supports implementation Wealth remain with White of Land Reform in South have guidance from the failed of African countries cherish of Devolution said, time People throughout the whole Africa if it succeeds is likely exercise in Tanzania and Economic Independence. for Dictatorship has moved of Africa?’’ to cause mayhem in social Zimbabwe. They have seen political out. There is paradigm On the eve of a Land fabric, economic problems ‘’A new crop of African freedom but they do not want shift to have the need for Summit held in Zimbabwe and lack of confidence with leaders is still dragged in to tarnish their new image Economic Empowerment in 2016, an Economist by the International community neo-colonialism. Though with their new International through Devolution .It is Profession John Robertson at large. the point, still we need to friends. One such country possible because there is strongly criticised the idea ‘’At the moment we are work with the International is Ghana led by Nana Akufo need for communities to of Land Reform by African afraid of our children to roam community which does Ado . have standalone voices, countries. about. The prevalence rate of fund many sustainable democratic commercial Though ‘’politically killings in South Africa has livelihoods projects which activities and development at independent, Africa needs to now gone traditional grassroots. be economically independent high with ‘’The new Africa we want is ‘’, Robertson pointed out, ‘’Africans an Economically Independent ‘. He then continued in rising against one with new crop of leaders disbelief . White who have the mind to build ‘’It’s too early for people’’. We towards empowerment of the Africa to be economically might not young people. The new crop independent. They first of all have had a of our Leaders must be seen need to be fully educated , big number promoting Devolution as the financially empowered , with of death but way to go in developing a new all the resources , best state the near better World, better place to of the art Infrastructure and future is not be. ‘’ expertise of International safe for us. ‘’The problem , 40 to 50 standards’’. Yes, the land to 60 years Africa politically ‘’The question of Zimbabwe is for Africans liberated but still in terms of is tough in terms of ailing but, the way its Economy , it is in the hands economy. The farmer on the it is done

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PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 45 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa America Gets Tough on Africa By Prince Kurupati

n 13 December 2018, The new Africa Strategy is Ambassador John R. premised on four tenets and all OBolton delivered the Trump African countries which do decide to administration’s new Africa Strategy partner with the U.S. will benefit on which ‘immediately’ comes into all four fronts. The four tenets are operation. For Africa, the new Africa trade and commercial ties, countering Strategy is bad news. Delivering the terrorism (with a special focus on Africa Strategy, Ambassador John Radical Islamic Terrorism), aid and R. Bolton read out one statement peacekeeping. which aptly describes Trump When it comes to trade and administration’s new approach to commercial ties, Ambassador John Africa. The statement reads, R. Bolton states that the U.S. wants a “Under our new approach, every reciprocal rather than a subservience National Securiity Adviser Ambassador John Bolton spelt out the decision we make, every policy we relationship. This entails that both strategy on behlaf of the American government. pursue, and every dollar of aid we the U.S. and the African countries put spend will further U.S. priorities in the same efforts in order to achieve projects.” In essence, the U.S. states new Africa Strategy pursues a new the region.” success. On the U.S. side, the U.S. that China’s approach in Africa is path. In simple terms, the new path Effectively, what this new approach will focus on and strive to improve ‘predatory’ as it is a “One Belt, One entails that “the United States will not entails is that African countries ‘opportunities for American workers Road” strategy whose ultimate goal is tolerate this longstanding pattern of either have to side with the U.S. and businesses.’ At the same time, the advancing China’s global dominance. aid without effect, assistance without (and get preferential treatment) or U.S. will ensure that it safeguards ‘the In exemplifying this, Ambassador accountability, and relief without they are enemies of the U.S. (thereby economic independence of African John R. Bolton highlights the reform.” In essence, this means that alienating themselves from U.S. states.’ unfortunate cases of Zambia and in order for a country to receive support- any form of support from To illustrate in clearer terms how it Djibouti, two countries which have aid, it needs to outline that the aid military to aid). (U.S.) wants the trade to be like with ‘lost’ (on the verge of losing) key is going to be used effectively and Truth be told, the new Africa Africa, Ambassador John R. Bolton in strategic national institutions. efficiently. Therefore, the U.S. is now Strategy is Trump’s answer to the the new Africa Strategy juxtaposition While delivering the new Africa prioritizing accountability before, growing influence of China and the U.S. new approach with that Strategy, Ambassador John R. during and after availing aid. The Russia in Africa. Whether this answer of China. In Africa, “China uses Bolton says that the same ‘predatory’ same applies to peacekeeping, the is going to bear fruitful results bribes, opaque agreements, and the approach being used by China is the new Africa Strategy states that “the for Trump or not, it’s to be seen. strategic use of debt to hold states in same approach being used by Russia United States will also reevaluate However, what’s clear is that Africa Africa captive to Beijing’s wishes and in its bid to get ‘votes’ at the United its support for U.N. peacekeeping now has to choose (between the West demands. Its investment ventures Nations. missions. We will only back effective and the East), there is no longer a are riddled with corruption, and do In essence, the U.S., therefore, is and efficient operations, and we will middle ground. not meet the same environmental or promising a more inclusive trade and seek to streamline, reconfigure, or Benefits for Siding with the U.S. ethical standards as U.S. development commercial relationship, something terminate missions that are unable to which is beneficial not just to the U.S. meet their own mandate or facilitate but to individual African countries. lasting peace. Our objective is to In relation to the second tenet of resolve conflicts, not freeze them in countering terrorism, Ambassador perpetuity.” John R. Bolton states that many The rationale behind the move countries in Africa have been ravaged to create a new path for aid and by Radical Islamic terrorist groups. peacekeeping in Africa according As such, she (U.S.) seeks to continue to Ambassador John R. Bolton is to fighting these terrorist groups but address the perennial problem of only if individual African countries do pouring billions upon billions of U.S. opt to work with the U.S. over working taxpayer dollars without achieving with China and Russia. Without the ‘desired effects’.in the new Africa mincing words, Ambassador John r. Strategy document, its revealed that Bolton stated that the U.S. will only “between 1995 and 2006, U.S. aid help to fight terrorism in countries to Africa was roughly equal to the that are in support of the U.S. amount of assistance provided by all President Trump with African leaders it is no longer going to be Coming to the third and fourth other donors combined.” Irrespective business as usual per the new American policy. tenets (i.e. aid and peacekeeping), the of this, the aid has “not stopped 46 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs the scourge of terrorism, to improve the healthcare Africa Strategy document against it, the U.S. will look worthy recipients of all U.S. radicalism, and violence.” As system, improve the levels of (but continuously muted at the voting patterns of benefits. At the same time, such, the move to create a new human rights, food security by Trump in passing), the individual countries at the countries that regularly path for aid and peacekeeping as well as help in stabilizing one main factor which will UN. Countries that regularly vote against the U.S. (or its is necessitated by the need countries in turmoil. make the U.S. know which vote on the same side with the interests) at the UN will be to achieve the ‘intended Overall, though it’s not African countries are ‘with U.S. will be regarded as U.S. deemed enemies and as such, results’ which in this case is explicitly stated in the new it’ and which countries are friends thereby becoming not worthy of U.S. benefits.

Kenya At 55: The Promise Lives On Amid The Odds By Samuel Ouma

President Uhuru Kenyatta With former President John Mahama.

enyans on In his speech, the Head government is working on Kenyatta warned the office the number has fallen to Wednesday, of State called upon the making Kenya easier for holders against harassing 23. Even though Kenya still KDecember 12, turned Judiciary not to protect good, honest and investors to ordinary citizens who seek lags behind in healthcare out in large numbers to impunity in the ongoing do business. services in their offices. He coverage for services such commemorate their country’s crackdown on graft. He put The President warned directed regulatory agencies as immunization, water 55th anniversary since they on notice those who abuse youths against getting into to shed their gate-keeping and sanitation and family attained independence from office and engage in fraud trappings of corruption and roles to ensure citizens get planning, there has been a the British colony. that they will face the full easy money. He urged them to access to government services tremendous progress that President Uhuru Kenyatta force of law. work hard and treat farming without strain. the East African country has led the occasion in full “Kenyans spirits are as an income generating Kenya has greatly made in the health sector. military gear, unlike in dampened when we witness activity. developed since she attained The 2010 constitution the past when has put on suspects released on “You have acquired independence. She has had devolved primary and suits. Several high-profile ridiculously low bail terms, knowledge and have access to improvement in every sector secondary healthcare services dignitaries graced the event. interference in legislative much useful information that such as economy, health and to the 47 counties. The They include the deputy processes, and the use of the can help transform the farms education. country level hospitals have president William Ruto, First court to delay justice. All the of your parents, I urge our increased access to hospitals. lady Margaret Kenyatta, top arms of government must youth to seek support from Health Revamping the national opposition principals led by work together to ensure various commercial banks,” Mortality rate in 1963 health insurance scheme to the African Union envoy and our nation gets rid of this he noted. showed about 175 children comprise everyone capable Kenyan opposition leader menace,” he said. On service delivery in under age five wdying per of paying premiums, rather Raila Odinga. On trade, he said the government institutions, Mr. 1000 live births and now than only those in formal

Call / eMail Us Tel:2404292177, email: [email protected], [email protected] PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 47 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa Inside Africa employment has also saved government. many the agony of selling Many local and their property or organize a foreign based fundraising in case in case a industries have disease strikes. been established Linda mama (protect in the country mother), free maternal care which has resulted program launched in 2013 to creation of averts more than 2,000 employment maternal deaths and 30,000 to a number of child deaths every year. people. Financial Public-private partnership institutions has also design innovative such as banks solutions to promote health. and insurance For instance, Safaricom, companies are on dominant mobile operator, the rise. has linked up with the Kenya transport National Hospital Insurance sector has Fund to provide healthcare undergone many insurance to 2,000 changes over the households through M-Tiba. past five decades The program enables users and has reached send, save, and receive arguably its most funds and benefits to access illustrious level. healthcare services using The government President Uhuru Kenyatta greets AU Envoy Raila Odinga , Deputy President William their mobile phones at has put much Ruto, Chief Justice David Maraga, Governor Mike Sonko and Wiper leader Kalonzo look on. selected healthcare facilities effort to maintain and currently the government and rehabilitate existing education has opened an After independence, Kenya Transparency International, launched Universal Health roads and upgrading roads avenue for those who could mad significant steps in Kenya is among the most Care aiming at improving to bitumen. The country not cater for their own studies reducing absolute poverty corrupt countries in the access to primary care. also owns modern airports to pursue their dreams. in the 1960, however, this world. Large proportion and airstrips. The current Every year thousands of momentum warned off in the of government money Economy construction of Standard people graduate from the late 70s. Currently, half of the intended for development Kenya boasts of the best Gauge Railways that connects universities and colleges population lives in extreme ends up in the pockets of few economy in the Eastern Nairobi to coast region has compared to 1960s, 1970s poverty. Most of the Kenya’s individuals. Bribery, fraud Africa. Agriculture sector has facilitated faster transport and 1980s. poor people live in rural and tribal favoritism are continued to be expanded between the two regions. Due to high demand of areas where they depend on common within all levels of enabling Kenyans to produce education, government and subsistence agriculture for government departments. both cash and food crops. Education private schools, colleges, their livelihoods. Hunger Other factors are adverse Increase of foreigners in the The level of literacy has universities have been continues to rear its head climatic condition, HIV/ country has given a boost to risen as more than half of established to cater for the from time to time. AIDS pandemic, explosive tourism sector. Expansion of the population can both read rising number of learners. Corruption is a major factor population growth and trade, internal and external and write. Introduction of that contributes to a high limited economic diversity. is earning revenue to the free primary and secondary Poverty rate of poverty. According to

Call / eMail Us Tel:2404292177, email: [email protected], [email protected] 48 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Zimbabwe's Ruling Party Propose to Raise the Minimum Presidential Age Limit By Prince Kurupati

wo of the four wings was first deliberated by the ensure anyone who contests Mnangagwa all the way. the ruling party fear that that make up ZANU war veterans’ wing. After for the presidency is mature Though Chamisa was Chamisa is going to build his T(PF), Zimbabwe’s nationwide consultations (as enough to fully grasp the ultimately defeated (at least stock in the coming few years ruling party have decided reported by some officials gravity of what it means to according to the courts), he such that by the time the next and adopted resolutions to though their claims cannot run a country.” had done a remarkable job elections come in 2023, he increase the presidential be authenticated), the war in garnering over 2 million will be a much bigger force age limit from 40 to 52. veterans wing so it fit to raise What the Critics Say votes. This is more convincing and a bigger threat to the The two wings that have the presidential age limit Soon after the when one considers that ruling party. passed the resolution are through a constitutional announcement by both wings, he had just been appointed the war veterans’ wing and amendment. Almost a week a lot of people, especially the leader of the opposition What the Constitution the women’s league. The later, the women’s league from the opposition side, barely five months before Say youth wing has not yet executive sitting for the heavily criticized the the elections hence he had The current Zimbabwean deliberated on the issue thus final time before heading to resolutions to raise the ‘limited’ time to really roll Constitution can into no official communication the 17th Zanu-PF Annual presidential age limit. To the out a strong campaign in that effect in 2013. The new has come from their side People’s Conference also critics, the reason cited by short timeframe. constitution replaced the but independent views from adopted the proposal to raise both wings is by no means The decision by the war constitution which had been different youth leaders the presidential age limit. the real reason behind the veterans’ wing and the in place since independence. suggest there is discord in move. Rather, many believe women’s league, therefore, Before its annulment, the the youth wing owing to The rationale behind the raising the presidential age is necessitated by the need old constitution had been the proposal to increase the Move limit is a plot to eliminate to win the next elections amended a whopping 20 presidential age limit. The In passing their resolutions, the main opposition political through a technicality as times, something which other wing which is the main both the war veterans and the party leader, Nelson Chamisa they know that whosoever had angered constitutional wing (which consists of all women’s league cited one from competing in the next is going to be picked as the scholars who argued ‘others’ be it the youths, reason as the reason behind presidential elections. presidential candidate for that many amendments women, war veterans and the decision to raise the Nelson Chamisa in the next election will not be compromised the sacrosanct men in general) is yet to presidential age limit. These the recently conducted as popular as the current of the constitution. deliberate on the ‘hot topic’. two wings said that they seek harmonized elections ‘youthful’ leader. The decision As such, in a bid to The proposal to raise to “raise the presidential age managed to push the also according to many critics preserve the sacrosanct the presidential age limit limit from 40 to 52 years to incumbent Emmerson is necessitated by fear by of the constitution, PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 49 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa Inside Africa national secretary just members of the Main for administration Wing and not affiliated Tendai Chinyau to other wings. It is such through his recent members who are going to social media posts is be pivotal when it comes ‘seemingly’ against to passing the resolution to the proposal. raise the presidential age limit. Already, some of these The Main Wing members have shown that Resolution they are of a different view to The Zanu (PF) that of the war veterans and Main Wing unlike women’s league. Just to put the other three this into perspective, below is wings (i.e. the war a tweet from Energy Mutodi, veterans, women’s a senior Zanu (PF) official league and the and current Deputy Minister youth league) only of Information, Publicity & meets annually Broadcasting Services: at the Conference “Let me make it clear that or as is the case His Excellency President ED in other years, Mnangagwa will not seek at the Congress to outdo his rival in the last (the Congress is election Nelson Chamisa Zimbabwean President Emmerson Mnangagwa greets supporters of his ruling held once every by increasing the age limit Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front (ZANU–PF) party. five years though for Presidential candidates. constitutionalists are against a Constitutional Bill. possess the power to amend extraordinary Congress Instead, his policies and any amendments to the Afterwards, the Parliament the constitution to allow for gatherings may be called actions will do the bidding for current constitution but with “must” invite members of the raising of the presidential at any point). As such, any his next term.” the proposal to raise the the public to express their age limit. decision to adopt or decline presidential age limit muted views on the proposed Bill in the proposal to raise the Verdict by some wings of the ruling public meetings and through Still Awaiting the Youth presidential age limit by the The ongoing Zanu (PF) party, it’s inevitable that the written submissions, “and League Resolution Main Wing will be passed Conference is the only new constitution is to be must convene meetings and At this point, the Zanu when the Conference main ‘obstacle’ standing in the amended (for the second time provide facilities to enable the (PF) Youth League has not event kicks off. This year’s way of the proposal to raise with the first amendment public to do so”. as yet deliberated on the 17th Zanu-PF Annual the presidential age limit coming in January 2017 Once public consultations move to raise the presidential People’s Conference kicked from becoming an Act of when Section 180 of the are done, the next step will age limit thus there is no off on the 11th of December Law. Once the Zanu (PF) constitution was amended see the Bill being debated resolution on that front. but the main event will only Conference adopts the to allow the appointment in either house (House of While awaiting deliberations, roar into life on Friday the proposal, then no other party procedure of the Chief Assembly and the Senate). individual members from 14th and it is during the organ will be able to stop Justice, Deputy Chief Justice Subsequently, if two-thirds the Youth League have aired main event that decisions on the proposal from becoming and the Judge President to be of all sitting members say their views independently on the proposal will be adopted an Act of Law. At the same done by the President after yes, then the Bill passes various platforms including or rejected. As some of the time, thanks to Zanu (PF)’s consultation with the Judicial Parliament and it’s presented social media. From the members who are part of the two-thirds majority, the Service Commission.” to the president for assent individual views, it’s clear to war veterans’ wing and the constitutional amendment To amend the constitution, from which point, the Bill see that there is no consensus women’s league are also part process will move smoothly the party which wants to becomes an Act of Law. among the leaders of the of the Main Wing, it means through Parliament unless change any parts of the From the above, looking at Youth League. The Zanu that already, there are some the unthinkable happens constitution will first have the resources at the disposal PF Youth League secretary in the Main Wing who are in i.e. Zanu (PF) Members of to inform the Speaker of of Zanu (PF) as well as the Pupurai Togarepi (who is 54 full support of the proposal Parliament voting against a Parliament. The Speaker of numbers in Parliament, and some would say too old to raise the presidential age motion raised by their own Parliament under section Zanu (PF) which has over to be a youth leader) is said limit. party. 328(4) of the Constitution a two-thirds majority in to be in favour of the proposal On the other hand, there will then give notice of Parliament on its own does while Zanu-PF Youth League are also others who are

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50 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Africa's Gloomy Outlook Of Cholera Contributes To Global Health Crisis. By Nevson Mpofu he World Health Treatment centres Organisation has reaching more than Tcommitments to end the number of death cholera by 2030. The burden and losses incurred is by 2016, the outbreak in less than 3 months. heavily impacted this The epidemic hit contributing to Global Crisis. the most populated The average costs to patients city of Harare. The and house- hold Health in city had by then facilities and treatments a population of in 2016 alone wasUS$65,6 2 million people. and $59,7 with Global As of now its total equivalence of $249,9 and population is as $227,5 US million dollars . high as 3 million Africa is the leading people. The increase, continent plunged into a Demographers note Health crisis. It is likely to see has been caused Health Officials at work in Zimbabwe. the growth and development by rural to urban of some of its countries failing migration since 1990. from domestic and foreign in their interventions in Ministry of Health and Child to win United Nation Global UNICEF was the leading donors. various support. We have as Care said they borrowed the Sustainable Development partner in containing the Zimbabwe managed to the Ministry come up with idea from Zambia through Goals on Health, Education water Bourne disease. The contain cholera only recently. ways of how to eliminate the work done perfectly by and poverty reduction. organisation drilled bore- Several donor partners communicable diseases. World Health Organisation This can be inevitable if the holes, supplied drugs and working in the country came We need the support of the which employed a lot of World Health Organization clean water in the urban to the rescue by providing communities, City of Harare interventions in the whole [WHO] fails to come up with communities to save mainly finance, $ 3 million and and ZINWA. system. Global Health interventions, children. 400,000 Euro in dollars from ‘’In-fact the stronger strategies, policies and Ten years down the line, the International community. solution is to look at ‘’As a country, we managed monitoring and evaluation the outbreak rose again. The Also they provided technical International standards to come up with Oral Cholera measures. At a greater note, 2018 outbreak is better than assistance, equipment, drugs, used in the Health delivery Vaccination. Cholera resisted African countries must take how it was in 2008. In record water supply, education, systems. We have to take a our 1st line treatment of a snap shot focus on Public for 2018, 50 people have been Public and Community heath stronger look at countries Ciprofloxacin. The other Health surveillance to safe – recorded dead in Harare’s trainings. The giants in the like USA , UK , Canada , effective drug azithromycin guard their economies. The densely populated suburbs. whole work were World Netherlands and others was not at our reach .Zambia urgent focus is challenged However 2018 interventions Health Organisation [WHO] developed .’’ our neighbour had the similar to highly Cholera burdened were much stronger than , UNICEF , International ‘’We need to look at daily health challenge. ones hit by communicable 2008. A lot of issues Federation of the Red Cross water supply, clean water ‘’Cholera finally ended diseases because of failure to remained unsolved since and Red Crescent and supply that is uninterrupted. with the introduction of get adequate drugs. 2008. Politics took centre European Union . Secondly, the issue of refuse the vaccine. A number of These countries failed stage than Health, water and In an interview, Minister collection goes beyond the interventions were employed. to implement Global sanitation delivery. of Heath and Child Care work of Environmental The problem ended as well. Health policies and Cholera was declared on Dr Obediah Moyo said the Management Agency to We now need to regularly Quality Standards. These 6 September 2018. On 11 support of the donor World monitor and evaluate work monitor and evaluate the are Zimbabwe, Zambia, September, it was declare had gone a long way since done. It is the obligation of communicable disease spread Nigeria, Ghana and partly state of emergency .The City 2008. He said although the councillors to remain especially in High population South Africa. Cholera of Harare in some suburbs a big number of donors inspective rather than talking areas in towns and cities’’, since the beginning of the in high and low areas have came in this year with their politics all the time ‘’. said the Epidemiologist ‘’. new millennium has hit gone for years without water. interventions, many people Cholera finally came to Zimbabwe seriously. The If provided it used to be dirty died in 2008 than 2018. an end when the Cholera ZAMBIA.. number of death in 2008 water. Cholera broke out oral vaccine [OCV] was The Southern African was almost 4,000. There again. It had a fatality rate ‘’The Government of introduced in September. country was seriously hit arose several admissions of ratio of 0, 73% . The country Zimbabwe thanks the Donor Director of Epidemiology, Dr in 2017. It started on 28 cholera diagnosed people at appealed for US $63 million World already known Portia Manangazira of the September. It had 15 death PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 51 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

and 547 cases. Its fatality collection and emptying rate was at 1,8% . About septic tanks could not be left 136 cases were reported in out’’. November. The affected areas Zambia managed to contain were Chipata and Kanyama the water Bourne disease districts. It then spread to which finally ended by the Lusaka the capital city and end of December of the same the peri-urban communities year. The spread was mainly of Metero and Bulumi . Of caused by contaminated the tested water sources, food, poor hygiene and poor 42% of them were faecal sanitation .The blow was contaminated. feared deadly if it spread out The Minister of Health, because Zambia hosts 60,000 Lawrence John Sechalwe refugees from Democratic said before the oral cholera Republic of CONGO. vaccine came, they had located patients to 5 cholera NIGERIA centres where they got The State Ministry of quick treatment. He pointed Health of Nigeria managed as out that the role played by well to eradicate the spread of 20 million people are at at risk. There are 3,5 million In terms of prevention, it community Health workers the disease in Yobe . There greater risk. In 1999 it had cases , 100,000 deaths to needs provision of safe water, heightened knowledge and were 989 cases of cholera. 250 deaths and 900 cases 120,000 death due to cholera good sanitation and enhanced education by bringing three They was total of 91 death by of the epidemic. The most recorded annually . Cholera water and food hygiene all the communication interventions 20 September 2018. In Borno affected community is Accra is an acute Communicable times. It affects poor, low and .These are awareness, they were 2,137 cases and 36 and Brong Ahafo Region. It Water Bourne Infection of the middle income countries. sensitisation and advocacy. death by that same month as had 1035 cases , 550 male Intestine caused by ingestion Its Incubation period is few ‘’We thank GAVI, WHO and well. The fatality rate ratio of at 53% and 485 female at of food or water contaminated hours to 5 days. About 69 UNICEF for coming to the cholera was at 1, 6% . Some 47% .The most affected were with Bacterium Vibrio- countries have been identified rescue to palliate the pain we areas affected are Hausa , of the ages 20 to 29 years at Cholera. It is characterised most cholera endemic. In had. We managed to contain Kanun and Shuwa . the rate of 23,5% .The attack by watery diarrhoea, leads these countries, 1, 3 billion the spread as well through The challenges it faced rate was 7 persons per 100, to dehydration. It affects population is at risk. Annually several interventions. One of was lack of communication. 000 population with a total low immunity people, those 1,3 to 4,0 million cases the program is WASH, Water The areas are far away fatality rate of 2,4% . The malnourished, HIV positive occur. This at Global level and Sanitation Health. We from Infrastructure most affected is Asutifu with and those with poor sewer is linked to Demographic, promoted it in all the affected related to Information case fatality rate of 9,1% . settings. Symptoms are socio-economic, cultural, places. But still we had to Communication Technology. Despite Africa facing the watery diarrhoea, vomiting, environmental and contain the spread as well The Geographical position of most challenging burden, the nausea, drowsiness, behavioural factors. in the urban, rural and peri- the area contributed to the World has some parts also convulsions and coma. urban communities.’’ nasty problem. In order to ‘’Operating procedures, finish the problem, the need facilities, surveillance and for Transport network and Health Education helped community health workers us to move well forward stood important. Nigeria to eradicate the challenge. focused on key issues. We managed to close all 1, treatment centres contaminated areas. We 2, Regeneration of the introduced new health Infrastructure interventions like managing 3, Skills Development WASH and hygiene .We also 4, Health Education provided house-hold chlorine 5, Water and Sanitation and disinfections .Our total Health and location of budget reached K 100 million. Emergent Operation ‘’The water purification Centres.. program was followed by quality water purification GHANA and close monitoring in all This was the most hit the affected areas. However country since the early 1970, Intensification of garbage 1999 and in 2014. At least 52 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Global anti-corruption laurel for Nuhu Ribadu By Chido Onumah

n Friday, December similar and new initiatives 7, 2018, Mallam towards a corruption-free ONuhu Ribadu, society. pioneer chairman of the “The Award hopes that Economic and Financial through its public image, Crimes Commission the visibility of those who (EFCC) stood before are fighting corruption is a global audience in not only enhanced but also Putrajaya, Malaysia—at celebrated across the world the 2018 International and hopes to motivate Anti-corruption Day governments, academic celebrations—as joint institutions, the media and winner, with Leonard civil society to adopt and McCarthy, a former Vice understand the principles President of Institutional of the United Nations Integrity at the World Convention Against Bank Group, of this year’s Corruption (UNCAC) and Sheikh Tamim Bin Hamad collaborate towards its Al Thani International implementation.” Anti-Corruption Excellence It was an honour well- Award in the Lifetime/ deserved and few people Ribadu. Outstanding Achievement would have been surprised category. that Mallam Ribadu was but that he has the courage it difficult for the county were brought to justice, The Sheikh Tamim the centre of attention of to boot. Many things to be integrated into the while others are still facing bin Hamad Al-Thani the global anti-corruption prepared Mallam Ribadu global financial system. criminal charges. International Anti- movement at the grand for his role at EFCC and the Mallam Ribadu and his After halting the spread Corruption Excellence ceremony at the Putrajaya honour accorded him. team had to start from of the immediate problem, Award is presented International Convention the scratch to clean up the the Commission shifted annually on International Centre, which had in After studying law at image of the country and its focus on sanitizing Anti-Corruption Day (9th attendance the Prime Ahmadu Bello University tackle a monster that was institutions. It targeted December) in “recognition Minister of Malaysia, Dr and graduating from the giving Nigeria the most banks, financial institutions and appreciation to those Mahathir Bin Mohamad, Nigerian Law School in headache at the time—the and law enforcement who have contributed to and Emir of Qatar, Sheikh 1984, he opted for a career proliferation of cross- agencies, ushering a the global campaign against Tamim bin Hamad Al- in law enforcement. He border financial scam, banking reform that created corruption. The Award Thani. joined the Nigerian Police known as 419 after the a new dawn and sanity in recognizes individuals and The organisers said where he served both as section of the criminal code the financial sector. organizations who have Mallam Ribadu’s a general duty policeman that deals with advance While taking on criminals dedicated themselves to “nomination was carefully and a prosecutor. As a fee fraud. A small cartel and their accomplices who combat corruption in some reviewed by the Assessment policeman, he engaged of Nigerians leveraged on had compromised law capacity. Advisory Board and criminals in the streets of loose law enforcement enforcement was daunting, “The greater purpose the High-Level Award Lagos, and as a prosecutor, and financial regulations the Commission had an of the Award is to serve Committee and was he was involved in almost to defraud foreigners who even bigger problem to as a tool that highlights considered to contain and all high-profile cases the were eager to make a killing contend with—confronting exemplary and noteworthy exemplify the values and police worked on. from the country. powerful and well-heeled actions and good practices virtues that this Award But the EFCC presented The criminals and their politically exposed persons on a global scale, to stands for.” a different challenge. collaborators in banks (PEPs) whose corruption recognize, promote, As head of EFCC between When the Commission was created a reputation burden and mindless profligacy had collect and disseminate 2003 and early 2008, created in 2003, Nigeria’s for Nigeria. No one wanted mired the country in poverty anti-corruption models Mallam Ribadu put the image was at the lowest ebb to do business with the and underdevelopment. from around the world; to EFCC on the global anti- in terms of cooperation with country. Within the first few The EFCC under Mallam raise awareness, support corruption map and left no foreign law enforcement weeks of starting the EFCC, Ribadu investigated and and solidarity to the fight one in doubt that he not agencies to deal with money Mallam Ribadu decided prosecuted governors, against corruption; as well only knows his onions when laundering and other to take on this group of ministers, and members as to encourage and inspire it comes tackling corruption financial crimes. This made powerful criminals. Some of the national assembly, PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 53 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa Inside Africa actions that almost cost him his life. Beyond Nigeria, the EFCC under Mallam Ribadu also investigated the operations of multinationals in the country. Of note is the Halliburton investigation, a complex bribery scandal that spanned almost a decade, between 1995 and 2004. During this period, the company, through its affiliates paid about $182 million to senior government officials as bribe for the award of a Ribadu. gas contract. Through the efforts of the EFCC, Intelligence Unit (NFIU). Even though it has It was only fitting, knowledge and skills for use Halliburton was brought to He established fruitful been a decade since he therefore, that when by individual practitioners justice in the United States. relationship with the FBI, was forced out of the AFRICMIL nominated and institutions, which The company paid penalties the Metropolitan Police, EFCC, Mallam Ribadu him for this year’s Sheikh would lead to the totaling $579 million. EFCC UK, the BKA, the Federal continues to advance the Tamim Bin Hamad Al strengthening of the rule also investigated Bilfinger, Criminal Police Office of cause of anti-corruption Thani International Anti- of law and fight corruption Siemens, and other Germany, among others. and accountability in Corruption Excellence in line with international multinationals. Within the sub region, Nigeria. He continues to Award in the Lifetime/ standards and national Under Mallam Ribadu, the EFCC supported the mentor young Nigerians in Outstanding Achievement needs.” training was key to the activities of the West African organisations engaged in category, the organizers, This honour for Mallam success of the EFCC. He Intergovernmental Action anti-corruption work. The the Qatar-based Rule of Ribadu is a testimony to established the EFCC Group against Money African Centre for Media Law and Anti-Corruption integrity, hard work and Academy and brought Laundering in West Africa and Information Literacy Centre (ROLACC), the dedication. experts from around the or GIABA—a specialised (AFRICMIL) has benefited current secretariat of the Chido Onumah, world to train staff on institution of the Economic tremendously from his International Association Coordinator of the all aspects of financial Community of West African experience in managing of Anti-Corruption African Centre for crime investigations. He States responsible for its accountability project, Authorities (IAACA), had Media & Information also placed premium facilitating the adoption and Corruption Anonymous, no problems conferring him Literacy (AFRICMIL), on establishing working implementation of Anti- which seeks to protect and with the honour. served as head of the relationship with sister Money Laundering (AML) amplify the role of whistle The Rule of Law and civil society and crime organisations around the and Counter-Financing of blowers in the fight against Anti-Corruption Centre prevention unit at the world and enrolled Nigeria Terrorism (CFT) in West corruption. He knows the (ROLACC) was established EFCC under Mallam into the Egmont Group Africa—and seconded staff role whistle blowers played under Qatari leadership Nuhu Ribadu. through the creation of from the Commission to the in the success of the EFCC in 2013 “to construct the Nigeria Financial institution. during his leadership. and develop specialized

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54 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Cameroon: Football in continuous limping By Boris Esono (Buea-Cameroon)

rom a fail in Russia leading to the country was judged unfit normalization sacking of the coach. security and infrastructural Fcommittee set up Bizarrely, Hugo Broos who wise. by FIFA, late start of was sacked only left when According to the National inter pool his contract expired in the government’s spokesman competition, appointment month of February. Issa Tchiroma, CAF’s of a new head coach for His (Broos) sacking decision was unfair to the National team to ushered in a new the country. To various Cameroon stripped off politicking in Cameroon. government officials its rights to host the 2019 Applications were opened Cameroon would be ready Africa Cup of Nations, the for those who will want to by the deadline given by football scene in Cameroon coach Cameroon. From CAF as work continues has been something unlike about 71 candidates the across the regions hosting in the past. number reduced to 5 and matches. Football in the country the public was made aware It had been reported has been likening to a of Swede Sven Goran that Cameroon planned to chess game where any and Erikson. However it is take the case to the Court everything can happen. reported that negotiations of Arbitration for Sports, The year 2018 started on a broke down leading to him CAS, and a route that CAF bad footing and according not to get the job. Up steps has warned Cameroon to many sports pundits in Clarence Seedorf from the from going. However the the country, it will surely bleus, appointed as coach plan was aborted during end on a bad footing. the same way as Hugo a meeting chaired by PM The Cameroon national Broos was appointed. Yang. the Victoria centenary and the stadium in Garoua Team, known as the When one thought Governors of some of Limbe Omni sport stadia by Prime Protomac is Indomitable Lions under things won’t get worse, the hosting venues were showing that Cameroon expected to be handed to then head coach Hugo CAF decided to strip on the field shortly after and the South West are the government by the Broos in 2017 won the Cameroon from hosting CAF’s decision to show very much prepared to host end of the year while that AFCON after a brilliant the 2019 AFCON, a that Cameroon will be matches at any second. The of the Olembe stadium is performance in the decision that was received ready for the competition. officials have indicated that expected by January 2019. competition against arch with mixed feelings in Governor Okalia Bilai of works at the various sites The whole chaos and rivals Egypt. However, various quarters. After the South West Region will continue despite the politics that has ensured the champions failed to four CAF inspection teams made a stop at the Molyko decision from CAF. the Cameroon sporting qualify for the FIFA World that visited Cameroon, the Omni sport stadium and The rehabilitation of scene saw Cameroon losing a place in this year’s CAF Confederation cup as Cameroon could not provide a team before the deadline as prescribed by CAF. The reason, the Head of state had not indicated when the finals of the cup of Cameroon will be played. Cameroon is one of the only countries whose president must be present to conclude the sporting year. The Head of state has always closed the football season leading to clubs having to wait on the civil President Biya and CAF President Ahmed Ahmed, the withdrawal of the hosting rights of the 2019 Nations cabinet to make known cup from Cameroon was considered a national disgrace. the date of the finals. PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 55 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa Inside Africa This made Lion Blesse committee achieve its memories of Normalization still to be made known. they did at the 2015 FIFA and Eding Sport who had goal? committees as in 2013 With their mandate World Cup in Canada. qualified for the finals to After Tombi A Roko Cameroon was under a finishing this December During the tournament, wait more than 2 months Sidiki left his post as Normalization committee with the coming of a new the girls of then head for the final to be played. president of FECAFOOT headed by Joseph Owona. president of FECAFOOT, coach Enow Gatchu were The question that many after many contest of his His mandate left a bad the wish for many is that knocked out at the group sports pundits have been ineligibility, World football taste for many sport lovers the word “Normalization stages. and are still asking is that governing body FIFA set up in the country who had committee” will not be Eding Sport of the must the Head of state be a normalization committee prayed not to ever see associated with Cameroon Lekie also picked up their present before the Cup headed by Barrister another committee in the again. maiden cup of Cameroon of Cameroon is played? Diuedonne Happi. Their country. The goal of having Rare Successes after beaten Lion Blesses According to Edward task was to bring normalcy a harmonized football The year will not only be 1 goal to zero. The team Mwambo, this should to Cameroon football by calendar as proposed by remembered as a bad year which was created in not be the case. He said: organizing election to Barrister Happi hasn’t even but many athletes shun 2012 is coming up as a “It is sad that the cup of FECAFOOT and creating been achieved. Cameroon’s brightly. Unfortunately force to reckon with in Cameroon will only be a harmonize calendar for football doesn’t even have Cameroon could not the Cameroon football played when the head of football in the country. a precise date it starts and win their maiden Africa landscape. In 2016/2017 state is present. That is why After their mandate ends. women’s Championship MTN Elite One football we had to lose a place in the expired in August this year, The 2018/2019 this year but they managed championship, the side CONFED cup because we FIFA extended it again football season should to pick up a ticket for the outsmarted favorite Coton could not provide a team until December 16 this year have commenced by FIFA World Cup in France sport of Garoua to claim whereas the teams to play to achieve their goals: A now but after various next year by winning the the championship. the final where ready a long goal which for many has postponements, the league third place against Mali. time ago”. still not been achieved. has been program for this The Lionesses will be Did the Normalization Cameroon has had bad December with the date hoping to do better than

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56 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs A year of engagement in Africa with the Merck Foundation. In the past year, the Merck Foundation was all over Africa. PAV shares this album highlighting the commitment and sustained efforts of the Foundation to positively engage with stakeholders to shore up the healthcare sector in Africa.

Merck Foundation met the President of Niger H.E. MAHAMADOU ISSOUFOU to discuss and underscore our long-term commitment to healthcare Dr Rasha Kelej, CEO of Merck Foundation capacity building, and empowering women and youth in Niger through our (right); H.E. Vice President of the United impactful programs; Merck Cancer Access Program and Merck More Than a Republic of Tanzania, Dr Samia Suluhu Mother in partnership with the First Lady of Niger H.E. AISSATA ISSOUFOU Hassan (left) MAHAMADOU

Prof. Dr. Frank Stangenberg Haverkamp, Chairman of the Dr. Rasha Kelej, the CEO of Merck Foundation, Prof. Dr. Frank Executive Board of E. Merck KG and the Chairman of Merck Stangenberg Haverkamp, Chairman of the Executive Board of Foundation Board of Trustees (L-R), First Lady of Niger H.E. E. Merck KG and the Chairman of Merck Foundation Board Mrs. AISSATA ISSOUFOU MAHAMADOU and Dr. Rasha Kelej, of Trustees (L-R) and First Lady of Niger H.E. Mrs. AISSATA the CEO of Merck Foundation discussing Merck Foundation›s ISSOUFOU MAHAMADOU and discussing Merck Foundation›s long-term commitment to building healthcare capacity in Niger long-term commitment to building healthcare capacity in Niger PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 57 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Gallery Gallery

(L-R) Prof. Dr. Frank Stangenberg Haverkamp, Chairman of the Executive Board of E. Merck KG and the Chairman of Merck Foundation Board of Trustees, Dr. Rasha Kelej, the CEO of Merck Foundation and Her Excellency, the First Lady of Niger, H.E. Mrs. AISSATA ISSOUFOU MAHAMADOU

Uganda Prime Minister, His Excellency Dr. Ruhakana Dr. Rasha Kelej CEO of Merck Foundation meets First Rugunda (third right) and Prof. Dr. Frank Stangenberg Lady of Gambia , H.E. Fatoumattah Bah-Barrow, First Lady Haverkamp, Chairman of the Executive Board of E. Merck of Lesotho H.E. Maesiah Thabane, First Lady of Botswana KG and the Chairman of Merck Foundation Board of Trustees H.E. Neo Masisi, and First Lady of Zimbabwe H.E. Auxillia (second right). Uganda Minister of State for Health Hon. Mnangagwa to discuss Merck Cancer Access Program and Sarah Opendi (third left), Dr Rasha Kelej, CEO of Merck Merck Foundation long term partnership to build capacity in Foundation (second left) and other government officials their countries. during their meeting with Uganda Prime Minister.

H.E. Madam HINDA DEBY ITNO, the First Lady of Chad and Dr. Rasha Kelej, CEO Merck Foundation

58 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Gallery PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

Dr. Rasha Kelej, CEO of Merck Foundation with H.E. Dr. LALLA MALIKA ISSOUFOU MAHAMADOU, the First Lady of Niger during the meeting to discuss the selection of the right candidates for the one year online diabetes diploma.

During the high-level meeting between the president of Chad, His Excellency IDRISS DEBY ITNO, Guest of Honor Prof. Dr. Frank Stangenberg Haverkamp, Chairman of the Executive Board of E. Merck KG and the Chairman of Merck Foundation Board of Trustees and Dr. Rasha Kelej, CEO Merck Foundation, Dr. Rasha Kelej, CEO of Merck Foundation with H.E. Merck Foundation confirmed their commitment to long-term ESTHER LUNGU, the First Lady of Zambia during the partnership with the government of Chad to build healthcare meeting to discuss the selection of the right candidates for Capacity and improve access to innovative and equitable the one year online diabetes diploma healthcare solutions across the country.

PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 59 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Gallery Gallery

Dignitaries at the Merck Africa Luminary 2016 (from left to right): Hon. Joyce Lay, Member of Parliament, Kenya; Hon. Julia Duncan- Cassell, Minister of Gender, Children and Social Protection, Liberia; Merck Foundation–African First Ladies panel chaired by Merck Hon. Sarah Opendi, Minister of Health, Uganda; Hon. Raymond Foundation CEO, Dr. Rasha Kelej at the 4th edition of Merck Africa Asia Goudou Coffie, Minister of Health, Cote D’Ivoire; HE Dominique Luminary 2017, EgyptThe high-level panel included (from left to right): Ouattara, First Lady, Cote D’Ivoire; HE Madame Brigitte Touadera, Hon. Chairperson of National Council of Namibia, Margaret Mensah- First Lady, Central African Republic; Dr Belen Garijo, CEO, Merck Williams; Her Excellency First Lady of Central African Republic Healthcare; Dr. Rasha Kelej, CEO of Merck Foundation; Yiannis Madame Brigitte Touadera; Her Excellency First Lady of Chad Madame Vlontos, Head Intercontinental Region, Merck Healthcare; and Hon. Hinda Deby Itno; Dr Rasha Kelej, CEO of Merck Foundation, Her Virginie Baiokua, Minister of Social Affairs & National Reconciliation, Excellency First Lady of the Republic of Niger Madame Aissata Issoufou Central African Republic Mahamadou; and Her Excellency First Lady of the Republic of Guinea Madame Conde Djene

Courtesy visit with Kenya’s First Lady: From left to right: Lina Ekomo, Central African Republic; Hon. Virgnie Baiokua, Minister of Social Affairs and National Reconciliation, Central African Republic; H.E. Prof. Dr. Frank Stangenberg Haverkamp, Chairman of the Executive Madame Brigitte Touadera, First Lady, Central African Republic; H.E. Board of E. Merck KG and the Chairman of Merck Foundation Board Margaret Kenyatta, First Lady, Republic of Kenya; Dr. Belen Garijo, of Trustees (L-R), First Lady of Niger H.E. Mrs. Aissata Issoufou CEO, Merck Healthcare; Dr. Rasha Kelej, CEO of Merck Foundation Mahamadou Hon. Dr. Idi Illiassou Mainassara, Minister of Public and Leonard Saika, Director - Regional Head of Social Responsibility & Health for Niger, and Dr. Rasha Kelej, the CEO of Merck Foundation Market Development – Africa, Merck discussing Merck Foundation›s long-term commitment to building healthcare capacity in Niger

Dr. Rasha Kelej, CEO of Merck Foundation with H.E. REBBECA AKUFO-ADDO, the First Lady of Ghana during the meeting to discuss the selection of the right candidates Prof. Dr. Frank Stangenberg Haverkamp, Chairman of the Executive for the one-year online Board of E. Merck KG and the Chairman of Merck Foundation Board diabetes diploma. of Trustees, Dr Rasha Kelej, CEO of Merck Foundation and Minister of State of Health Uganda, Hon. Sarah Opendi with ‘Merck More Than a Mother’ women groups opening the chicken farm in rural Uganda 60 PAV - DEC. 2018 - MAG 1218 Vol 1 Gallery PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

Dr. Rasha Kelej, CEO of Merck Foundation and President of Merck More Than a Mother with The First Lady of Gambia H.E. FATOUMATTA BARROW

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