Open Access-Publishing Strategies (Part Of: Dealing with the Publication Process)

Hauptbibliothek

Open Access-Publishing Strategies (part of: Dealing with the publication process)

Christian Fuhrer University of Zurich Main Library (Hauptbibliothek) Open Access Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich Tel: +41 (0)44 635 41 48 [email protected] www.oai.uzh.ch http://www.zora.uzh.ch/cgi/saved_search?savedsearchid=200

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 1 Hauptbibliothek Introduction What do you already know about Open Access (OA)?

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 2 Hauptbibliothek Course organization PC on – Computers: start, no login required – Materials: www.oai.uzh.ch  Quicklinks, “Doktorandenkurs” – Direct link: http://www.oai.uzh.ch/en/at-the-uzh/events/course-for-doctoral-students  Please open presentation (PDF)

– 9:00 – 13:00: Open Access, 2 blocks, 30 min break – 14:00 – 17:00: afternoon session (Melanie Paschke) coffee, drinks, snacks Course room – Access to Study Center: – UZH card, ETH card – Course room phone number: 044 635 47 27 drinks snacks

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 3 Hauptbibliothek Content: How to implement an Open Access strategy

Topic Type 1. The traditional publishing system and its problems Presentation - Discussion 2. The various roads to Open Access Presentation - Demo - Exercise Gold Road, access to journals, alternatives 3. Green Road, copyright, publishing contracts, author‘s rights Presentation - Demo - Exercise 4. The worldwide Open Access movement and implementation Presentation at universities, example UZH 5. Open data, research data management Presentation - Discussion 6. Further exercises, Open Data, Open Access tools Exercise 7. Summary Presentation

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 4 Hauptbibliothek Publication cycle Publication cycle

$$ 6. Impact 1. Research – write and submit work pre-print

Peer review, editorial review (Lektorat)

5. Access to publication 2. Review of work $$ published version / publisher’s PDF Includes improvements 4. Layout and publishing 3. Acceptance of work of review process accepted manuscript = post-print = BIO679 Open Access Module 1 final draft post- refereeing 1 file (PDF): text, figures Hauptbibliothek Traditional science publishing and its problems

Scientific publications are not freely accessible… … but access costs a lot of money

• Example: Search using PubMed • Full text is not freely accessible but requires a licence (subscription) – e.g. within University of Zurich or within ETH

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 6 Hauptbibliothek Hauptbibliothek

No access without authorization (e.g. at home without VPN)…

Price increases: expeditures of research libraries in North America 1986-2012 Hauptbibliothek

Journal licences (subscriptions) become overproportionallymore expensive each year Increasing number of journals

CPI: Consumer Price Index ARL (Association of Research Libraries) Statistics: http://www.arl.org/storage/documents/expenditure-trends.pdf 19.05.2014 BIO 368 – Open Access I Seite 9 Hauptbibliothek Increasing access costs: an example

University of Zurich 2012 • Journals Main Library CHF 4.86 Mio. • Databases Main Library: CHF 873’000 • Zentralbibliothek: • UZH Institutes‘ libraries: • Total (estimated): > CHF 12 Mio. • Total budget UZH: CHF 1.28 Billion

Price increase for electronic journals and databases per year in original currency: 5-10%

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 10 Hauptbibliothek Traditional science publishers: types

• Big commercial publishers – Examples: Elsevier, Springer, Wiley-Blackwell, Taylor & Francis • Elsevier (Part of Reed-Elsevier): – Listed on the stock exchange (börsennotiert): shares (Aktien) – > 2‘300 Journals – 7‘000 employees in 25 countries – Total revenue (Umsatz) 2012: 2.06 billion £ – Profit (Gewinn) 2012: 780 million £ (37%) – 37% = extremely high, normal would be < 20%

• Medium and small publishers (incl. books in national languages) – Example: Karger • Learned Societies – Example: American Society for Microbiology • Further, e.g. non-profit-organisations http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsevier

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 11 Hauptbibliothek

Oligopoly of academic journals (AP) (Kluwer) Springer Elsevier

Taylor & Francis (Routledge), Elsevier Taylor

-before 1997: rare changes -Changes from big to small in NMS -No changes from big to small in SSH

Larivière V, Haustein S, Mongeon P (2015) The Oligopoly of Academic Publishers in the Digital Era. PLoS ONE 10(6): e0127502. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0127502. http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0127502 Seite 12 Hauptbibliothek

Traditional science publishing and its problems

− Current scholarly publishing is a multi-billion business − Oligopoly by big international publishers, particularly in STM − Huge profit rates of private companies – based on public money − Increasingly unsustainable (even for Harvard University) − Journal crisis: cancellations by libraries − Authors do not reach their audience optimally − Re-use not allowed, e.g. re-distribution, text and data mining − Old-fashioned look of some publications, do not use internet possibilities − Limited reach of printed books

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 13

Hauptbibliothek Publication system: Discussion

How could we make the academic publishing system better? Do we need publishers – why (not)? How can we ensure quality and reputation?

Please discuss in groups of 2-3 students Followed by plenary discussion

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 14 Hauptbibliothek

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 15 Hauptbibliothek Some advantages of Open Access…

− Open Access increases visibility and accessibility − Knowledge disseminates and multiplies better and faster − Unleash the full potential of information and data exchange through internet technology − Text and Data mining − Network of publication, research data, collaborations − Economy: access to information, re-use  innovation  growth − Chance to break up the current monopolized situation of academic publishing − Bring science publishing back to the scientists − Hopefully with better cost control − Results of publicly funded research (taxpayers) should be freely accessible − Important e.g. for doctors (private physicians, Hausärzte) and their patients

… even if in the end OA turns out not to be cheaper

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 16

Hauptbibliothek The various roads to Open Access

Green Road to Gold Road to Open Access Open Access

Publish „normally“ - Publish in an Deposit in a document server (self- Open Access journal / archiving): with an OA publisher

Repository Quality of journal / publisher?

Do authors have the right to deposit with Open Publication costs (APC, article processing Access, and in what form? charge): amount - often funders and university libraries help Know about publishing contracts, author’s rights Careful with hybrid OA (APC in a subscription journal): double dipping

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 17 Hauptbibliothek Gold Road: OA journals and publishers, examples

• Public Library of Science (PLoS) – Well known OA pioneer – High impact journals: PLoS Biology, PLoS Medicine – PLoS ONE innovations: user commenting - new peer review criteria: correctness, not importance - links to social media like Facebook and Twitter

• BioMed Central linked with Springer Open – One of the largest and best known OA publishers (together ca. 400 journals), belongs to Springer Nature – Some journals have open peer review

• frontiers

– In Switzerland, originating from EPFL, now alliance with Nature Publishing Group – Innovative features of social platform

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 18 Hauptbibliothek OA journals and publishers: Open-content licences

• Open Access publishing contracts usually and they should involve an open-content licence • Often: Creative Commons Licence  Authors keeps basic rights in their work and allow others to re-use the work  Example text on publisher’s PDF: “This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-B Y, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.” • Creative Commons Licences exist in different forms – allowing different degrees of re-use • CC-BY: Attribution • CC-BY-NC-ND: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivaties • CC-BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 19 Hauptbibliothek Business models for Gold Open Access

• APC (Article Processing Charge), Fee for OA-book − Fees also at many traditional subscription publishers − Often funders will pay: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF), EU program Horizon 2020 • Institutional membership, fund − University pays all or part of APC, discount. Example libraries: UZH Main Library, ETH-Library • Platinum / diamond Open Access − no publication costs, no access costs, financed through academic organisations, library networks, …

• Pure Open Access journals • Hybrid journals − Subscription journals – single articles Open Access against APC − Problem of double payments (double dipping). Offsetting contracts are increasing, e.g. Big Deals with Open Access, Springer with single countries

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 20 Hauptbibliothek Quality of Open Access journals

– Peer Review, Post Publication Commenting – Well known: OA-publishers such as PLoS, BioMed Central, Frontiers – Have been publishing with Open Access for years – Well known editorial boards and authors, institutional memberships – Others are still young and not well known «Don’t get into a – (un)known publisher, editors, authors, institutional memberships car if you don’t – «Predatory» journals to avoid know the driver!» – Criteria/lists for quality: – Directory of OA Journals – Quality OA Market – Think.Check.Submit – OA publication costs (APC, article processing charge): costs vs. quality, «Don’t pay too service? much for a taxi – APCs of new dedicated OA publishers: average $ 1’418 ride!» – OA journal of traditional publishers: $ 2’097 – Hybrid OA: $ 2’727 * * http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/About-us/Policy/Spotlight-issues/Open-access/Guides/WTP054773.htm

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 21 Hauptbibliothek Alternative OA publication platforms • Innovative new OA journals, e.g. F1000Research (Life Science) – Pre-publication check – immediate publication including extensive research datasets – open peer review & user commenting – article revision – tagged as «refereed», indexed (PubMed, others)

• Science Matters: novel innovative Open Science platform – Publishes single research findings instead of whole stories – Rapid peer-reviewed publication, User commenting, links to social media – Founded by Prof. Lawrence Rajendran (UZH), high profile supporters • Open Library of Humanities – Publishes and transforms journals to Open Access – No publication fees, no APCs (platinum / diamond OA) – Charitable organisation, financed through a worldwiede library consortium

• Pre-print servers: unrefereed pre-prints / working papers, rapid publication – arXiv: well established in physics, increasing in mathematics, run by Cornell University Library and

memberships of many libraries – Wellcome Open Research: for Wellcome Trust-funded works – bioRxiv: pre-print server for biology, run by Cold Spring Habor Laboratory – Overlap with Green Open Access 07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 22

Hauptbibliothek Publishers and access - Demonstration Is access to my journal free or with costs?

− Directory of Open Access Journals: comprehensive directory, lists > 9’000 OA journals, >6’800 searchable at article level. Also provides information about APC and open content licences − Directory of Open Access Books: > 7’800 OA-E-books from > 200 publishers − OAPEN: OA-platform for books, run in collaboration with publishers

− Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek (Electronic Journals Library, via Main Library of UZH): shows whether a journal or some issues of a journal are freely accessible. And whether they are licenced or not licenced for UZH (if you are in IP-range of UZH) − E-Journals list (via ETH Library): shows whether a journal is licenced at ETH

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 23

Hauptbibliothek Publishers and access: Exercise

Name one or several journals: • Who is the publisher? • Is a licence required or is the access free? • Is access free after an embargo period (moving wall?) • Name alternative journals with Open Access • How much is the APC (article processing charge)? • Which open content licence is used by the journal? • Does the OA journal apply novel features like open peer review, community commenting, direct publication?

Electronic Journals Library: http://rzblx1.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit Directory of Open Access Journals: www.doaj.org

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 24 Hauptbibliothek

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 25 Hauptbibliothek Green Road to Open Access: Repositories

− Open DOAR: Directory of Open Access Repositories lists > 2’600 repositories worldwide − Discipline-specific repositories, e.g. PubMed Central: − 4.3 Mio articles, >6’500 Journals join (partially), articles are deposited after maximally 12 months − Based on US-law, National Institute of Health (NIH)-sponsored publications must be freely accessibly in PubMed Central after 12 months − Indexed/linked to PubMed − Institutional repositories, e.g. ZORA (www.zora.uzh.ch): − For members of the University of Zurich including University Hospitals − Also publishes Working Paper Series of UZH and two Journals

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 26 www.zora.uzh.ch

Hauptbibliothek

29.05.2017 27 Example of a publication in ZORA

Hauptbibliothek

29.05.2017 Seite 28 Hauptbibliothek Copyright: overview

Publication

• Agreement about copyright: Author = − Publishing contract (Verlagsvertrag) Publisher Creator − Publisher‘s standard terms of business (STB; allg. Geschäftsbedingungen)

• No agreement about copyright (rare in STM, more often in SSH): − Statutory provision (Gesetzliche Regelung)

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 29 Hauptbibliothek Copyright: Statutory provision, copyright law If you publish your work with a publisher without any agreements… … can you show your work freely in the internet?

− Swiss Copyright Act (Schweizerisches Urheberrechtsgesetz, URG) − Provisions of publishing contract law contained in the Swiss Code of Obligations (Verlagsvertragsrecht des Schweizerischen Obligationenrechts, OR) − International constellations

− Expert opinion (Rechtsgutachten) by Prof. Dr. Reto M. Hilty and Dr. Matthias Seemann − Commissioned by the Main Library of UZH − Published on www.oai.uzh.ch and ZORA − Including answers to FAQs

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 30

Hauptbibliothek Copyright: Statutory provision, copyright law

Author: − Place of residence in Switzerland − No other agreements with the publisher − Depositing in a Swiss repository / server Then:

• The author of an academic paper, such as an article in a journal or a contribution to a collective volume (Buchkapitel) can publish it in a repository or other server three months after it has been published in full (Swiss Code of Obligations: Art. 382 Para. 3 OR).

• Newspaper articles can be published by the author in a repository or other server at any time (Swiss Code of Obligations: Art. 382 Para. 2 OR).

• Accepted manuscript; or publisher‘s PDF but without the publisher‘s logo, which is protected by trademark law or similar (expert opinion)

• The author cannot publicly deposit works such as monographs or textbooks in a repository in competition with the publisher unless the edition is out of print (Swiss Code of Obligations: Art. 382 Para. 1 OR). Versions that cannot be cited correctly and that do not constitute genuine competition are permitted, such as files without the original page numbers in subjects where citations give the exact page number.

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 31 Hauptbibliothek Copyright: Statutory provision, copyright law

Author: − Place of residence in Switzerland − No other agreements with the publisher − Depositing in a repository / server abroad

Then:

• When depositing academic works in a repository abroad, the country-of-protection principle (Schutzlandprinzip) applies, according to which the law of the country for which protection is requested applies (Federal Act on International Private Law: Art. 110 Para. 1, AIPL). • E.g.: For a repository in France, French law applies, while a German repository is subject to German law. Germany recently introduced a „Zweitveröffentlichungsrecht“ (right of secondary publication).

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 32

Hauptbibliothek Copyright: overview

Publication

• Agreement about copyright: Author = − Publishing contract (Verlagsvertrag) Publisher Creator − Publisher‘s standard terms of business (STB; allg. Geschäftsbedingungen)

• No agreement about copyright (rare in STM, more often in SSH): − Statutory provision (Gesetzliche Regelung)

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 33 Hauptbibliothek Publishing contract (Verlagsvertrag)

− Copyright Transfer Agreement, Licence to Publish, Publishing Agreement… − Takes priority over non-mandatory legislation such as Swiss Code of Obligations Art. 382  content of contract is valid! − Check author’s rights regarding self-archiving and depositing in an institutional or central repository − Format: pre-print, post-print/accepted manuscript, published version − Embargo: often 6-24 months − Further conditions and restrictions, e.g. copyright statement − Often allowed: accepted manuscript after an embargo period

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 34 Hauptbibliothek Publishing contracts, author’s rights - Demonstration Practical tools for researchers

• Overview: Copyright-info on website Main Library UZH • SHERPA/ROMEO-List contains summaries of contents of publishing contracts

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 35 Hauptbibliothek Original publishing contracts and author’s rights Example of publishing contract

“Green open access Elsevier: Authors can share their research in a variety of different ways and Elsevier has a number of – Example Molecular and Cellular green open access options available. We recommend authors see our green open access page for further information. Authors can also self-archive their manuscripts immediately and Neuroscience enable public access from their institution's repository after an embargo period. This is the − Open Access for this journal version that has been accepted for publication and which typically includes author- incorporated changes suggested during submission, peer review and in editor-author − Open Access in general at Elsevier communications. Embargo period: For subscription articles, an appropriate amount of time is needed for journals to deliver value to subscribing customers before an article becomes freely available to the public. This is the embargo period and it begins from the date the article is formally published online in its final and fully citable form. Find out more. (List of embargo periods at Elsevier-Journals)

This journal has an embargo period of 12 months.”

 Author is allowed to show the accepted manuscript with Open Access in his institutional repository with an embargo period of 12 months. Other Elsevier journals have embargoes up to 48 months.

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 36

Hauptbibliothek Publishing contracts, author’s rights: Exercise

Name a journal or a publisher

• As an author, can you deposit your publication in an institutional or central repository? • In which format? • After which embargo period? • Under which other conditions?

Check: SHERPA/ROMEO: http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo Original publishing contract, via journal homepage

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 37 Hauptbibliothek

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 38 Hauptbibliothek Science organisations and politics increasingly require Open Access; also from their researchers Funders e.g. SNF, EU-program Horizon 2020 (incl. Project OpenAIRE), National Institutes of Health (USA) Universities e.g. University of Zurich, Harvard University  Green or Gold Road, supporting OA-publication costs Science politics e.g. EU-Council presidency and EU-Commission:«Amsterdam Call for Action on Open Science»  Comprehensive science policy requests: new design of research communication and evaluation: OA publishing models, Open Science also for research data, incentives Switzerland: swissuniversities adopted a national Open Access strategy (together with Swiss National Science Foundation and requested by the State Secretariat of Education, Research and Innovation)

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 39 Open Access-strategies and activities: Gold OA is an increasing goal

Goal: 100% OA in 2015 (green and gold) Hauptbibliothek

Goal: 100% (green and gold) OA in 2022 Research Council: five-year gold OA funding scheme European Commission; Dutch presidency . Open Science strategy, policy platform, agenda and

conference; incl. OA and new rewards/incentive models . Governmental goal of 50% (100 %) gold OA within 5 years (10 . Recommendation to the member states: 60% OA by 2016 years) . Call on publishers for new business models VSNU & Springer Big Deal: OA publishing and access FP7 & Horizon 2020 subscription (also with Wiley) . Mandatory OA policy, green and gold OA Science Europe . Strong OA position statements . Government & RCUK action . Principles for OA publishing services in 2015 . Support of gold and green OA LERU . Goal: 100% gold OA . Roadmap (green and gold) and statement (anti double . JISC APC pilot offsetting APC costs with subscription fees dipping) on OA . HEFCE: OA obligatory for the next Research Excellence EUA Framework . Roadmap on OA, expert group for Big Deals . Wellcome Trust Open Access Policy incl. strict sanctions

. OANA: network supported by 50 organisations. Recommendations . Government: 12 month embargo OA policy . DFG supports for national OA strategy for all public funding agencies with a – German universities to establish OA publication budgets since 2010 . Goal = 100% gold OA until 2025 budget > $ 100 Mio. – Development of infrastructure for OA publications . FWF & Austrian library consortium piloting offsetting model with IOP . Strong OA Ivy League supporters, e.g. – DeepGreen (development of green OA workflows) and T&F Harvard . OA2020 journal flipping initiative by MPDL (supported by many scientific . FWF: worldwide first OA book programme . Most advanced OA policies by some organizations) . FWF: highest OA expenditure of a funding agency charities like Gates, Ford and others

Adapted from: Reckling, Falk (2015). Transition to Open Access. The Role of Public Funders and Research Organisations. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17272 40 Hauptbibliothek Important role of funders

Example Swiss National Science Foundation: – Basic mandatory Open Access (Green or Gold) since 2007. Embargoes for depositing in repositories: 6 months for journal articles, 2 years for book publications (since 2013) – Supporting APCs in OA journals since Oct. 2013 (max. CHF 3’000 / APC but not hybrid OA) – Increased OA requirements for books and supporting OA-E-book publication costs as of July 2014: max. CHF 22’000 / enriched OA-E-book, max. CHF 8’000 / OA-Dissertation, Habilitation – Clear mandate in the service level agreement: in its service level agreement (Leistungsvereinbarung) 2013-2016 with the Confederation (Bund), the SNSF has pledged to make scientific publications available without delay, around the world and free of charge, as far as possible

http://www.snf.ch/de/fokusForschung/newsroom/Seiten/news-140416-publikationsfoerderung-digitale-verbreitung-open-access.aspx, http://www.snf.ch/en/researchinFocus/newsroom/Pages/news-140506-petition-swiss-academic-publishing-in-danger-the-snsf-clarifies.aspx

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 41 Hauptbibliothek Information about Open Access

Informations for diverse stakeholders (Zielgruppen): Researchers, editors, universities, funders… – Newsletter, Blogs – OA Website of the ETH Library – OA Website of the Main Library of the University of Zurich – Information platform Open Access

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 42 Hauptbibliothek How to find Open Access works

− Repository-specific search engines: OAIster, BASE Bielefeld Academic Search Engine: > 111 Mio items from > 5’500 sources − Open Access Button - searches repositories, aggregators, oadoi etc. for OA works - works well with doi (digital object identifier) - Example: PubMed entry  doi: 10.1038/nprot.2007.445  Search in OA Button delivers link to full version from ZORA. − oadoi indexes doi (digital object identifiers) of Open Access-works from publishers and repositories, available via SFX and an API − Unpaywall uses oadoi and provides a server extension for Chrome and Firefox that directly indicates the availability of OA full versions − Further search engines, some in beta versions SHARE, CORE, OpenAIRE, Green Options (University Library Leiden)

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 43 Hauptbibliothek UZH Open Access policy

Official policy revised in 2008: The University of Zurich requires their researchers to deposit a copy of all their published scientific works in the Zurich Open Repository and Archive (ZORA) with open access, if there are no legal objections.

The University of Zurich encourages and supports their authors to publish their research articles in Open Access journals where a suitable journal exists and provides the support to enable that to happen.

Practical measure: The Annual Reports of the University of Zurich (Akademische Berichte) are based on ZORA starting from 2008. In the Annual Reports publications are only considered if they have previously been deposited in ZORA.

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 44 Hauptbibliothek UZH: Implementation of Open Access so far − Open Access help point at the Main Library: www.oai.uzh.ch − Repository: ZORA (Zurich Open Repository and Archive) − Global strategy to deposit all publications of UZH researchers since 2008 − Added values: publication management − Special collections, e.g. SystemsX.ch, publishing Working Papers of UZH, 2 journals − Journal publication platform HOPE (Hauptbibliothek Open Publishing Environment) − new publication platform for OA journals of UZH researchers, based on Open Journal Systems (2016) − 3 journals, 1 planned in 2017 (migrates from Elsevier ;-) − Open Access publication costs (Funding) − Punctual supporting strategy – budget very small when compared to licencing and acquisition costs of UZH libraries − Memberships with some OA publishers since 2003 − Open Access publishing fund for social sciences and humanities since 2012 − Projects: − EU project OpenAIRE2020, partner: National Open Access Desk − Swiss project in Data Lifecycle Management, partner − Data pilot project UZH

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 45 Hauptbibliothek Memberships of UZH, Main Library Category Publisher (Journal) Type Discount for author Institutional membership BioMed Central incl. Springer Open (ca. 420 Journals) Shared Support Prepay 50-60%

Frontiers (ca. 100 Journals) Shared Support Prepay 50-60% Wiley Open Access (30 Journals incl. flipping of EMBO Shared Support Prepay 50-60% Mol. Medicine) Nucleic Acids Research (Oxford University Press) Flat Fee 50%

MDPI (ca. 110 Journals) Flat Fee 25% Membership (UZH direct) Matters: Open Science platform, 3 journals Full support for 1 year from 100% June 2016 OA-publication fund (Humanities and social sciences) Fund of Main Library Up to CHF 2’000.- per year and author Discounts due to subscriptions Mary Ann Liebert Hybrid OA 33%

RSC Publishing (Royal Society of Chemistry) - vouchers Hybrid OA 15% vouchers: free Portland Press Hybrid OA 15%

American Chemical Society (ACS) Hybrid OA 25%

Further information: http://www.oai.uzh.ch/en/at-the-uzh/funding Seite 46 Hauptbibliothek Workflows and added values of ZORA Enhanced visibility Import ZORA Export, Re-use PubMed Bibliographic metadata Annual Reports DOI (digital object identifier) Full versions (PDF) Evaluations Faculty information system Supplemental data possible Researcher websites Web of Science, Endnote Links: DOI, PubMed, … OAI-PMH – interface, e.g. BASE, … ZORA-DOI for full versions OAIster, OpenAIRE … Information shown in Journal Database Copyright + refereed details for Citation frequency and ZORA submission download statistics workflow each journal/serial used in ZORA

Fulfilling funder requirements

ZORA Submitters (ca. 1000): Open Access team – Data Curation:

Researchers (their assistants, Metadata check, links some institute libraries) De-duplication For each entry in ZORA

Copyright control (publishing contracts) (ca. 9’000 publications of UZH / Ask full versions (accepted manuscripts) year) Refereed/not refereed communication Journal database content 47

Hauptbibliothek ZORA: visibility and citation frequency

«Ich finde ZORA spektakulär. Ich bekomme über ZORA sehr viele Anfragen, es erhöht offenkundig die Netz-Zugänglichkeit meiner Publikationen», sagt Marcus Clauss, Privatdozent an der Vetsuisse-Fakultät. Zitat aus: Journal, die Zeitung der Universität Zürich, 40(5), 2010.

– Veterinary physician PD Dr. Marcus Clauss has been depositing all his publications in ZORA since 2008, often with accepted manuscripts – Since 2008 his citation frequency has strongly increased – Some studies show: Open Access – also via repositories – can increase citation frequency

(as of May 2015) 07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 48

Hauptbibliothek

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 49 Hauptbibliothek Open Data, research data management

Extending Open Access to research data = Open Data

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 50 Hauptbibliothek Open Research Data

“Research data is collected, observed or generated factual material that is commonly accepted in the scientific community as necessary to document and validate research findings.

Research data should be freely accessible to everyone – for scientists as well as for the general public

Research data are the evidence that underpins the answer to the research question, and can be used to validate findings regardless of its form (e.g. print, digital, or physical). Concordat on Open Research Data, published on 28 July 2016”

Swiss National Science Foundation position on Open Research Data, 2017

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 51 Hauptbibliothek Open Research Data, SNSF policy

“The SNSF values research data sharing as a fundamental contribution to the impact, transparency and reproducibility of scientific research. In addition to being carefully curated and stored, the SNSF believes research data should be shared as openly as possible.

The SNSF therefore expects all its funded researchers: − to store the research data they have worked on and produced during the course of their research work, − to share these data with other researchers, unless they are bound by legal, ethical, copyright, confidentiality or other clauses, and − to deposit their data and metadata onto existing public repositories in formats that anyone can find, access and reuse without restriction.”

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 52 Hauptbibliothek Open Research Data, SNSF policy (2)

− Researchers will have to include a data management plan (DMP) in their funding application (as of October 2017)

Research data management Data life-cycle management… Research Data

…is the basis for Open Data

− Information for researchers by SNF: − DMP guidelines − content of DMP

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 53

Hauptbibliothek Data Repositories

− According to SNF, Data Repositories should: − Be non-commercial (examples) − Follow FAIR data principles: − Findable: metadata, digital object identifier… − Accessible: open or per request… − Interoperable: standard metadata sheme, interfaces… − Re-usable: open content lincences… − www.re3data.org: Registry of Research Data Repositories, lists most data repositories − Under search tab “institution type”: check non-profit − Repositories per discipline − General data repositories for all disciplines: − Zenodo (by CERN and EU/OpenAIRE) − Dryad

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 54 Hauptbibliothek Data policies of journals

− Increasingly, journals require researchers to submit their data to a data repository and make them Open Access. − Example Nature Scientific Data (data journal): ”It is Scientific Data's policy that all datasets central to a Data Descriptor manuscript; including computational or curated data, as well as data produced by an experimental or observational procedure – should be submitted to an appropriate external repository. We believe this is the best means of making these data discoverable, reproducible and reusable, and we work with our authors to identify the most appropriate location(s) for their data”. − Example Public Library of Science (PLoS): “What is changing is that authors need to indicate where the data are housed, at the time of submission. We want reviewers, editors and readers to have that information transparently available when they read the article. We strongly encourage deposition in subject area repositories (such as GenBank for sequences, clinicaltrials.gov for clinical trials data, and PDB for structures) where those exist, and in unstructured repositories such as Dryad or FigShare where there is no appropriate subject-domain repository. Some institutions provide appropriate centralized repositories for their researchers’ data”…

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 55 Hauptbibliothek Help for researchers with data management and Open Data

− UZH: data pilot project, a collaboration of Main Library UZH, Central IT UZH, Zentralbibliothek Zürich with selected research groups − ETH-Library: Digital Curation office: help with data manegement and long-term preservation − Data Life-Cycle Management, Swiss project − EU-project OpenAIRE: requirements for EU projects − Example issues: − Sensitive medical data  Ethics committee (Ethik-Kommission), judges research applications incl. reasonable handling of sensitive data − Legal questions  e.g. egal services of university, data protection office, intellectuial property (Unitectra), Swiss competence center in digital law

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 56 Hauptbibliothek Open Data: Discussion

− How do you judge data sharing, how can it help science? − Would you share your research data and under which conditions? − Have you already profited from data that other scientists shared with you?

Please discuss in groups of 2-3 students Followed by plenary discussion

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 57 Hauptbibliothek

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 58 Hauptbibliothek Further exercises

Open Data: Check Registry of Research Data Repositories www.re3data.org: − Do you find non-commercial data repositories in your field? − What are the conditions if you want to upload your data? − Do you find useful data? Check journals of your choice: − What are their data policies? − Do they publish the data or do you have to upload into a data repository?

Open Access tools: − Search for OA works: ZORA, BASE, Open Access button, OpenAIRE

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 59 Hauptbibliothek

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 60 Hauptbibliothek Summary: if you publish a scientific work….

… Retain your author rights (publishing contract, copyright) – SHERPA/ROMEO-List … If you decide for an Open Access journal, check for financial support for APCs at your funder or library − Directory of Open Access Journals − SNF, UZH Main Library, ETH-Library … As soon as your work is published, deposit a full version (mostly and in case of doubt: the accepted manuscript: 1 PDF with all texts and figures, no publisher layout) in the repository of your university – At University of Zurich: ZORA. Please give the bibliographic details and the full version for upload to the person(s) at your institute who already deals with ZORA – or register and upload yourself – At ETH: e-collection, see information from ETH-library For further information, check the Open Access-Website of your university − Main Library of UZH, ETH-Library

07.06.2017 Dealing with the publication process – Open Access Page 61 Open Access guide Main Library, University of Zurich − Free after an embargo period? Electronic Journals Library Green Road Journal access − Accepted manuscript, publisher’s version/PDF, embargo period, special conditions? SHERPA/RoMEO TraditionalHauptbibliothek toll Understand publishing contract access journal / and your author’s rights − Send bibliographic details and full version (if in doubt: accepted manuscript without publisher layout: text publisher and figures in one PDF) to person at your institute that already deals with repository Deposit in your institutional − UZH: ZORA – Help: Main Library of UZH repository − ETH: e-collection – Help: ETH Library − Directory of Open Access Repositories - OpenDOAR Including supplementary data

− Hybrid OA: OA-article against APC in a toll access journal. WARNING: DOUBE DIPPING – many Publish with Open publishers earn twice – SNF and others will not support

Access − Directory of Open Access journals , Directory of Open Access Books, oapen − Lists made by libraries, e.g. Main Library of UZH

Lists of possible journals and − Well-known editors, authors, publisher? publishers − Quality considerations: Directory of OA Journals, Quality OA Market, Think.Check.Submit Open Access − Traditional, open, double-blind review? Community pre-review, comments? − Review criteria: correctness, novelty, relevance? journal / publisher Quality, peer review, novel − Data publications and policies e.g. F1000Research, PLoS data policy Gold Road possibilities Costs (APC) vs. Service − Indexed in well-known databases such as PubMed? − Rapid review and publication? − Costs clearly communicated, comparison to average APCs*? − Costs: check with grant holder (your group leader) of SNF grant − Funding possibilities through your library: Main Library of UZH, ETH Library

− Discipline-specific data repositories: re3data Publish Open − General repository open for all: Zenodo (CERN, EU) Data Repositories − Help: SNF, EU-project OpenAIRE, Swiss DLCM project, UZH data pilot project, ETH digital curation Data office

General Information: your library; www.open-access.net *APCs (Article Processing Charges) of new dedicated OA publishers are lower (average $ 1’418) than of traditional publishers ($ 2’097). Hybrid OA is even more expensive ($ 2’727) , see http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/About-us/Policy/Spotlight-issues/Open-access/Guides/WTP054773.htm