Site Atlas Correct Citation: Sijmons K., Kiplimo J., Förch W., Thornton P.K., Bhatta, G

TanzaniaIndia Usambara Haryana/Karnal CCAFS siteatlas CGIAR Research Programon ClimateChange, AgricultureandFood Security(CCAFS)

Site Atlas Correct citation: Sijmons K., Kiplimo J., Förch W., Thornton P.K., Bhatta, G. and Aggarwal, P.K. (2013). CCAFS Site Atlas – Haryana / Karnal. CCAFS site atlas series. The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). Copenhagen, Denmark. Available online at: www.ccafs.cgiar.org

Titles in this series aim to disseminate interim climate change, agriculture and food security research and practices and stimulate feedback from the scientific community.

This document is published by the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) which is a strategic partnership between CGIAR and Future Earth. CCAFS is supported by the CGIAR Fund, the Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA), the Australian Government Overseas Aid Program (AusAid), Irish Aid, Environment Canada, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs for the Netherlands, the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical (IICT), UK Aid, the Government of Russia, and the European Union (EU). The Program is carried out with technical support from the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)

Contact: CCAFS Coordinating Unit - Faculty of Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 21, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Tel: +45 35331046; Email: [email protected]

Creative Commons License

This Atlas is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution – NonCommercial–NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.

Articles appearing in this publication may be freely quoted and reproduced provided the source is acknowledged. No use of this publication may be made for resale or other commercial purposes.

DISCLAIMER:

This Atlas Series has been prepared as an output for Theme 4.2 under the CCAFS program and has not been peer reviewed. Any opinions stated herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the policies or opinions of CCAFS, donor agencies, or partners. The geographic designation employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of CCAFS concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

All images remain the sole property of their source and may not be used for any purpose without written permission of the source. Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction...... iv

Regional Map...... 1

Topographic Map ...... 2

Satellite Map ...... 3

Chapter 2: Climate and Climate Variability

Annual Rainfall ...... 4

Annual Temperature ...... 5

Aridity Index ...... 6

Chapter 3: Bio-Physical Characteristics

Altitude...... 7

Soil Type ...... 8

Agro-Ecological Zones ...... 9

Landcover ...... 10

Landuse ...... 11

Length of Growing Period 2000 ...... 12

Length of Growing Period 2030 ...... 13

Crop Suitability ...... 14 Livestock Production Systems ...... 15

Livestock Density...... 16

Chapter 4: Socio-Economic Factors

Human Population Density ...... 17

Market Access ...... 18

Poverty ...... 19

Conservations Areas...... 20

References and Data Sources...... 21 Introduction

The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) seeks to promote a food-secure world through the provision of science-based eﬀorts that support sustainable agriculture and enhance livelihoods while adapting to climate change and conserving natural resources and environmental services.

Climate change is an unprecedented threat to the food security of hundreds of millions of people who depend on small-scale agriculture for their livelihoods. Climate change aﬀects agriculture and food security, and likewise, agriculture and natural resource management aﬀect the climate system.

CCAFS has initially focused on three regions; East Africa (EA), West Africa (WA) and South Asia (SA) to carry out its research. The 15 CCAFS sites in these areas represent areas that are becoming both drier and wetter, and are focal locations that will generate results that can be applied and adapted to other regions worldwide. In this year, 2013, CCAFS is expanding its portfolio to additional sites in Latin America and South-East Asia.

These sites serve as the initial focus of CCAFS partnership-building and long-term research activities falling within the following CCAFS Research Themes; Adaptation to Progressive Climate Change, Adaptation through Managing Climate Risk, Pro-Poor Climate Change Mitigation and Integration for Decision Making. At all 15 CCAFS sites, baseline surveys have been conducted, including three levels of data collection and analysis at household, village and organizational levels (see: http://ccafs.cgiar.org/resources/baseline-surveys).

More information on CCAFS work in all the three regions can be accessed at www.ccafs.cgiar.org

To better understand the CCAFS sites’ characteristics, a list of geospatial indicators for climate variability, bio-physical characteristics and socio-economic variables have been mapped into site atlases.

This Atlas was developed for the CCAFS site at Haryana / Karnal in India, in South Asia Region.

IV CCAFS Sites: South Asia

70ºE 80ºE 90ºE N N º º 0 0 3 3 N N º º 0 0 2 2 N N º º 0 0 1 1

Bangladesh: Khulna (BA04) India: Bihar (IN16) India: Haryana (IN17) Nepal: Mid-Western Terrai (NE03)

CCAFS Country Sites 70ºE 80ºE 90ºE

1 Citation: GeoMapa (2013a) Topography Haryana

77°E 77°30'E

!( !.Dera Bassi !( Jangla Bhood !( Khatauli CCAFS Site IN17, Haryana / Karnal, India Jalauli !( Nahan Sataun !( !( !( Barwala Dandrolon Ka!(tola !( !( Bhagwanpur !( Mauli !( Trilokpur Amboa !( !( Kohra-Bhura

N !( N ' '

0 Fatehpur Viran !( Tharwa Rajban 0

3 !( 3 ° Jaula Kalan ° 0 Lalru !( !( !( Kolar !( 0 3 !( Narayangarh !( 3 !( Raiwali Hamidpur Majra !( Jasdhana Khurd Baragarh !( Paonta Sahib Sarsini !( Patvi !( Jatwar !( !( Sountli !( Sadhaura !. Korwa Khurd !( !( Taharpur Ambala Naushera !( !( Nakhrauli Sandhaya !( Pirthipur !( !( Bada Marwa Kalan !. Ram Nagar !( !( Gola Nurhad !( Manipur !( !(Binjalpur Bilaspur Badshahibagh Shahpur !( !( !( Shahpur!( Karkauli Khizrabad !( !( !( Tharwa Mullana Pabni Chintpur !( !( Sambhalkha !( !( !(Yakubpur Sohana Mirzapur!( Mohri !( !( Dosadaka Balchhapper !( !( Rajouli !( !( !( !( Chhauchhrauli Tandwal Seemla Dhin !( !( !( Jaidhar Barara !( Milk Majara !( Rao Marja !( Sohata !( !( Uchachandana Maado !( Nalvi Adhoya !( !( Ugala !( Behat !. !( !( Kanhari Kalan Tangore Shahbad Talherei Mehmadpur !( !( Yamunanagar Manjhipur !( !. !( Harnoul !( Sansarpur !( Kharindwa !( Jhiwerheri !( Jhansa Sharifgarh !( Jhinjhouli !( !( Damla Laapra !( !( Tigri !( !( !( Ajrana Kalan Chanarthal !( Randaul Navada !( Khurdi !( !( Baingani Karoundi Haripur Tehsil !( !( Tigra !( Kalal Majra !( Ramnagar !( Khajuri Budha Khera Allewa Bhadurpur !( !( !( !( Heraheri Dhurala !( !( !( !( !( Kaulapur Radaur !( Alahar Buddha Khera !( !( Sainpur !( !( Jathlana !( Chamari Khera N Behlolpur !( Sarsawan Dewala N ° Bhiwani Khera !( ° 0 !( !( Braheri B.S.P. 0 3 Mathana !( Sarsoheri 3 !( Ladwa !( !( Jyotisar !. !( Dhanoura Sandhla Saharanpur !( !( Kadami Sahabamajara Jhabiran !. Gagalheri Sirsama !( !( Dhanokheri !( !( !( Kailash Pur Thanesar Baraundi !( Gumthala Rao !( !( !( Phandpuri Hasanpur Chogawan Nakur !( !(

Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori !( Y

!( Kairmach a

Hathira m

!( Indri !( u Sidki

!( n !( Coordinates of the CCAFS Baseline Samaspour a !( !( Bhankala Sampling frame Jamba !( !( !( Nigdhu !( Kissan Basti Ambheta !( Norta !( Sohlo Badarpur Naurangpur !( Nagal 76.888E 29.842N !( !( Dagrauli Sambhi !( Padhana Kundan Garh !( !( !( !( !( Basera 76.993E 29.842N !( Koyer Sonkra !( Kherimaan Singh !( !( Khatauli !( !( Taraori !( Chaura Village !( Sarsina 76.993E 29.750N Kallarpur Gujjar !( Rampur !( Mohri Pakhana !( !( Darar Gangoh !( 76.888E 29.750N Shamgarh !( !(!( Kanjauli !( !( Anantmau Baraas !( Bara Gaon Sizud Amboli !( Sultanpur !( !( !( Akbarpur Salaru Village !( Nanauta Singhra Kachhwa !( Bargaon !( Tholla !( Bhaila Hashimpur Manjura !( !( !( !( !( !( Tabarrukpur Thaska !. Karnal !( !( Nissing !( !( Deoband !( Titron Mora !( Agondh Chausana Ranwar Jijola !( !(Jaroda Panda Gondar !( !( Kheri Naru !( !( Khodsama !( Hathchhoya Balwa Kheri Rankhandi Bansa !( !( !( !( !( Uncha Siwana !( !( !( Maduban Kamalpur Pindora Dudhli Ghalauli Sampling frame size: 10km x 10km 77°E 77°30'E !. Town Road Scale 1:750,000 Settlement Railway 0 7.5 15 30 45 Kilometers River Canal 1 cm = 7.5 km

2 Citation: GeoMapa (2013b) Satellite Image Karnal 76°55'0"E

-2011 N 01 " 18- 0 m ' fro 0 gery 5 a n ° ye im lutio 9 pidE eso 2 Ra nd r grou at 5m line Base ehold Hous HBS= ey Surv

ine Basel llage S= Vi VB rvey Su e aselin onal B nizati Orga OBS= ey Surv

!(Ganjar/Gangar Pakhana, Khand-Nilokheri !.

Lalaini Jageer !( !( Shakenpur

.! CCAFS VBS/OBS village Dadupur ! !( ( CCAFS HBS villages !( Kudak Jageer !( Kurali N " 0 ' 5 4 ° CCAFS Baseline 9 2 Sampling Frame

76°55'0"E Scale 1:75,000 0 1 2 4 6Kilometers

3 Citation: RapidEye (2011) Annual Rainfall

77°E 77°30'E 80°E !( !.Dera Bassi !( Jangla Bhood !( Khatauli Jalauli !( Nahan Sataun !( !( !( Barwala Dandrolon Ka!(tola !( !( Bhagwanpur !( Mauli !( Trilokpur Amboa !( !( Kohra-Bhura

N !( N ' '

0 Fatehpur Viran !( Tharwa Rajban 0

3 !( 3 ° Jaula Kalan ° 0 Lalru !( !( !( Kolar !( 0 3 !( Narayangarh !( 3 !( Raiwali Hamidpur Majra !( Jasdhana Khurd Baragarh !( Paonta Sahib Sarsini !( Patvi !( Jatwar !( !( C H I N A Sountli !( Sadhaura PAKISTAN !. Korwa Khurd !( !( Taharpur Ambala Naushera !( !( Nakhrauli Sandhaya !( Pirthipur !( !( Bada Marwa Kalan !. Ram Nagar !( !( Gola Nurhad !( Manipur !( !(Binjalpur Bilaspur Badshahibagh Shahpur !( !( !( Shahpur!( Karkauli Khizrabad !( !( !( Tharwa Mullana Pabni Chintpur !( !( Sambhalkha !( !( !(Yakubpur Sohana Mirzapur!( Mohri !( !( Dosadaka Balchhapper

Bhaila 14 y !( !( !( ) Manjura !( a

Tabarrukpur 250 - 750 m !( Thaska D !( !( 200 12 y !. !( m ( n

Karnal i l 10

Nissing !( Deoband l

!( Mora a

!( Titron a 150 Rainfall (mm) R

750 - 1,250 f 8 f Chausana n !( Agondh i Ranwar o

Jijola !( !(Jaroda Panda a !( 100 6 . No. of Rainy Days !( R Gondar o Kheri Naru !( 1,250 - 1,750 4 N !( Khodsama !( Hathchhoya Balwa Kheri Rankhandi 50 Bansa !( !( !( !( !( 2 !( Maduban Uncha Siwana Kamalpur !( Pindora !( Dudhli > = 1,750 0 0 t r t Ghalauli r c y v y g n e b l c a p p e a o a u e n u J e O A F J D u A N M M S 77°E 77°30'E J !. Town Road ta all da Citation: Jones et al (2002) Settlement l Rainf Railway Annua Scale 1:750,000 ent River of curr 0 7.5 15 30 45 Kilometers tions Canal erpola , int d data bserve of o ive sentat 1 cm = 7.5 km repre 0 0 - 200 of 195

Karnal 4 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: Hijmans et al (2005) Annual Temperature

77°E 77°30'E 80°E !( !.Dera Bassi !( Jangla Bhood !( Khatauli Jalauli !( Nahan Sataun !( !( !( Barwala Dandrolon Ka!(tola !( !( Bhagwanpur !( Mauli !( Trilokpur Amboa !( !( Kohra-Bhura

N !( N ' '

0 Fatehpur Viran !( Tharwa Rajban 0

( Temp. Max Nissing !( !( Mora Deoband Titron e

!( r

Chausana 22.5 - 25 u !( Agondh t 20 Temp. Min Ranwar Jijola !( !(Jaroda Panda a !( !( r Gondar e Kheri Naru !( p Temp. Mean Khodsama !( 25 - 27.5 m 10 !( Balwa Kheri Rankhandi e Hathchhoya T Bansa !( !( !( !( !( !( Maduban Uncha Siwana Kamalpur !( Pindora !( Dudhli 0 t Ghalauli r r > = 30 t c y v g n y b e l c a p p e a a o u e n u J O e A F J D A u N M M S 77°E 77°30'E J !. Town Road re Settlement eratu Citation: Jones et al (2002) Railway Temp nnual ual River Scale 1:750,000 A ts ann resen ta of Canal 0 7.5 15 30 45 Kilometers rep re da eratu ions temp rpolat nt inte curre data, erved 1 cm = 7.5 km of obs ed for averag - 2000 1950

Karnal 5 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: Hijmans et al (2005) Altitude

77°E 77°30'E 80°E !( !.Dera Bassi !( Jangla Bhood !( Khatauli Jalauli !( Nahan Sataun !( !( !( Barwala Dandrolon Ka!(tola !( !( Bhagwanpur !( Mauli !( Trilokpur Amboa !( !( Kohra-Bhura

N !( N ' '

0 Fatehpur Viran !( Tharwa Rajban 0

!( !( !( N N !( Rajouli !( ° ° !( Chhauchhrauli !( 0 0 Tandwal Seemla Dhin 3 3 !( !( Jaidhar Barara !( Milk Majara !( Rao Marja !( Sohata !( !( Uchachandana Maado !( Nalvi Adhoya !( !( NEPAL Ugala !( Behat !. !( !( Kanhari Kalan Tangore Shahbad Talherei Mehmadpur !( !( Yamunanagar Manjhipur !( !. !( Harnoul !( Sansarpur !( Kharindwa !( Jhiwerheri !( Jhansa Sharifgarh !( Jhinjhouli !( !( Damla Laapra !( !( Tigri !( !( !( Ajrana Kalan Chanarthal !( Randaul Navada !( Khurdi !( !( Baingani Karoundi Haripur Tehsil !( !( Tigra !( Kalal Majra !( Ramnagar !( Khajuri Budha Khera Allewa Bhadurpur !( !( !( !( Heraheri Dhurala !( !( !( !( !( Kaulapur Radaur !( Alahar Buddha Khera !( !( Sainpur !( !( Jathlana !( Chamari Khera N Behlolpur !( Sarsawan Dewala N I N D I A ° Bhiwani Khera !( ° 0 !( !( Braheri B.S.P. 0 3 Mathana !( Sarsoheri 3 !( Ladwa !( !( Jyotisar !. !( Dhanoura Sandhla Saharanpur !( !( Kadami Sahabamajara Jhabiran !. Gagalheri Sirsama !( !( Dhanokheri !( !( !( Kailash Pur Thanesar Baraundi !( Gumthala Rao !( !( !( Phandpuri Hasanpur Chogawan Nakur !( !( Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori !( Hathira !( Kairmach !( Indri Sidki 80°E !( !( !( Samaspour International boundary !( !( Bhankala Jamba !( !( !( Scale 1:10,000,000 Nigdhu !( Kissan Basti Ambheta !( Norta !( Sohlo Badarpur Naurangpur !( Nagal 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( !( Dagrauli Sambhi !( Padhana Kundan Garh !( !( !( !( !( Basera !( Koyer Sonkra !( Kherimaan Singh !( !( Khatauli !( !( Taraori !( Chaura Village !( Sarsina Kallarpur Gujjar !( Rampur !( Mohri Pakhana !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Darar Gangoh !( !( !(!( Kanjauli !( Shamgarh !( !( Anantmau Sizud Amboli Altitude (m) Baraas Bara Gaon !( he !( Sultanpur tes t !( !( Akbarpur dica Salaru Village !( Nanauta > = 1000 e in vel Singhra Kachhwa !( Bargaon itud a le !( Tholla !( Hashimpur Alt se !(Bhaila !( ove Manjura !(Tabarrukpur !( Thaska 750 - 1000 t ab !( !( !( eigh !. Karnal !( h Nissing !( !( Mora Deoband ters !( Titron 750 - 500 n me !( Agondh Chausana i Ranwar Jijola !( !(Jaroda Panda Gondar !( !( Kheri Naru !( 250 - 500 !( Khodsama !( Hathchhoya Balwa Kheri Rankhandi Bansa !( !( !( !( !( Uncha Siwana !( !( !( Maduban Kamalpur Pindora Dudhli Ghalauli > 250 77°E 77°30'E !. Town Road Settlement Railway River Scale 1:750,000 Canal 0 7.5 15 30 45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal 7 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: Jarvis et al (2008) Soil Type

77°E 77°30'E 80°E !( !.Dera Bassi !( Jangla Bhood !( Khatauli Jalauli !( Nahan Sataun !( !( !( Barwala Dandrolon Ka!(tola !( !( Bhagwanpur !( Mauli !( Trilokpur Amboa !( !( Kohra-Bhura

N !( N ' '

0 Fatehpur Viran !( Tharwa Rajban 0

!( !( !( N N !( Rajouli !( ° ° !( Chhauchhrauli !( 0 0 Tandwal Seemla Dhin 3 3 !( !( Jaidhar Barara !( Milk Majara !( Rao Marja !( Sohata !( !( Uchachandana Maado !( Nalvi Adhoya !( !( NEPAL Ugala !( Behat !. !( !( Kanhari Kalan Tangore Shahbad Talherei Mehmadpur !( !( Yamunanagar Manjhipur !( !. !( Harnoul !( Sansarpur !( Kharindwa !( Jhiwerheri !( Jhansa Sharifgarh !( Jhinjhouli !( !( Damla Laapra !( !( Tigri !( !( !( Ajrana Kalan Chanarthal !( Randaul Navada !( Khurdi !( !( Baingani Karoundi Haripur Tehsil !( !( Tigra !( Kalal Majra !( Ramnagar !( Khajuri Budha Khera Allewa Bhadurpur !( !( !( !( Heraheri Dhurala !( !( !( !( !( Kaulapur Radaur !( Alahar Buddha Khera !( !( Sainpur !( !( Jathlana !( Chamari Khera N Behlolpur !( Sarsawan Dewala N I N D I A ° Bhiwani Khera !( ° 0 !( !( Braheri B.S.P. 0 3 Mathana !( Sarsoheri 3 !( Ladwa !( !( Jyotisar !. !( Dhanoura Sandhla Saharanpur !( !( Kadami Sahabamajara Jhabiran !. Gagalheri Sirsama !( !( Dhanokheri !( !( !( Kailash Pur Thanesar Baraundi !( Gumthala Rao !( !( !( Phandpuri Hasanpur Chogawan Nakur !( !( Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori !( Hathira !( Kairmach !( Indri Sidki 80°E !( !( !( Samaspour International boundary !( !( Bhankala Jamba !( !( !( Scale 1:10,000,000 Nigdhu !( Kissan Basti Ambheta !( Norta !( Sohlo Badarpur Naurangpur !( Nagal 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( !( Dagrauli Sambhi !( Padhana Kundan Garh !( !( !( !( !( Basera !( Koyer Sonkra !( Kherimaan Singh !( !( Khatauli !( !( Taraori !( Chaura Village !( Sarsina Kallarpur Gujjar !( Rampur !( Mohri Pakhana !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Darar Gangoh !( !( !(!( Kanjauli !( Shamgarh !( il !( Anantmau Sizud Amboli Soil Type * e so Baraas Bara Gaon !( o th !( Sultanpur ers t !( !( Akbarpur e ref Salaru Village !( Nanauta Cambisols Typ FAO Singhra Kachhwa !( Bargaon Soil the !( Tholla !( Hashimpur per ups !( !(Bhaila !( as gro Manjura !(Tabarrukpur Thaska Calcisols roup Soil !( !( !( g on. rent !. Karnal !( ificati ir pa Nissing !( !( Mora Deoband lass the ic !( Titron Fluvisols c d by enet !( Agondh Chausana fine hog Ranwar Jijola !(Jaroda Panda e de orp !( !( !( ar d m of Gondar Lixisols al an ms Kheri Naru !( ateri in ter !( Khodsama !( Hathchhoya Balwa Kheri Rankhandi m stics d Bansa !( !( !( !( !( teri s an Uncha Siwana !( !( Dudhli Regosols arac rtie !( Maduban Kamalpur Pindora Ghalauli ch prope tural and * Legend corresponds to left map truc , silt 77°E 77°30'E s (sand !. xture s well Town Road te ent),a y cont r Settlement Railway cla matte ganic River Scale 1:750,000 as or t. Canal 0 7.5 15 30 45 Kilometers conten

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal 8 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: FAO et al (2009) Agro-Ecological Zones

77°E 77°30'E 80°E !( !.Dera Bassi !( Jangla Bhood !( Khatauli Jalauli !( Nahan Sataun !( !( !( Barwala Dandrolon Ka!(tola !( !( Bhagwanpur !( Mauli !( Trilokpur Amboa !( !( Kohra-Bhura

N !( N ' '

0 Fatehpur Viran !( Tharwa Rajban 0

!( !( !( N N !( Rajouli !( ° ° !( Chhauchhrauli !( 0 0 Tandwal Seemla Dhin 3 3 !( !( Jaidhar Barara !( Milk Majara !( Rao Marja !( Sohata !( !( Uchachandana Maado !( Nalvi Adhoya !( !( NEPAL Ugala !( Behat !. !( !( Kanhari Kalan Tangore Shahbad Talherei Mehmadpur !( !( Yamunanagar Manjhipur !( !. !( Harnoul !( Sansarpur !( Kharindwa !( Jhiwerheri !( Jhansa Sharifgarh !( Jhinjhouli !( !( Damla Laapra !( !( Tigri !( !( !( Ajrana Kalan Chanarthal !( Randaul Navada !( Khurdi !( !( Baingani Karoundi Haripur Tehsil !( !( Tigra !( Kalal Majra !( Ramnagar !( Khajuri Budha Khera Allewa Bhadurpur !( !( !( !( Heraheri Dhurala !( !( !( !( !( Kaulapur Radaur !( Alahar Buddha Khera !( !( Sainpur !( !( Jathlana !( Chamari Khera N Behlolpur !( Sarsawan Dewala N I N D I A ° Bhiwani Khera !( ° 0 !( !( Braheri B.S.P. 0 3 Mathana !( Sarsoheri 3 !( Ladwa !( !( Jyotisar !. !( Dhanoura Sandhla Saharanpur !( !( Kadami Sahabamajara Jhabiran !. Gagalheri Sirsama !( !( Dhanokheri !( !( !( Kailash Pur Thanesar Baraundi !( Gumthala Rao !( !( !( Phandpuri Hasanpur Chogawan Nakur !( !( Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori !( Hathira !( Kairmach !( Indri Sidki 80°E !( !( !( Samaspour International boundary !( !( Bhankala Jamba !( !( !( Scale 1:10,000,000 Nigdhu !( Kissan Basti Ambheta !( Norta !( Sohlo Badarpur Naurangpur !( Nagal 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( !( Dagrauli Sambhi !( Padhana Kundan Garh !( !( !( !( !( Basera !( Koyer Sonkra !( Kherimaan Singh !( !( Khatauli !( !( Taraori !( Chaura Village !( Sarsina Kallarpur Gujjar !( Rampur !( Mohri Pakhana !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Darar Gangoh !( Shamgarh !( !(!( Kanjauli !( !( s !( Anantmau Sizud Amboli one Baraas Bara Gaon !( Agro-Ecological Zones al Z !( Sultanpur logic !( !( Akbarpur -Eco n of Salaru Village !( Nanauta gro visio Singhra Kachhwa !( Bargaon Arid A e di !( Tholla !( Hashimpur th !( !(Bhaila !( cate ave Manjura !(Tabarrukpur Thaska indi at h !( !( !( s th !. Karnal !( Semi-Arid area stics Nissing !( !( Mora Deoband land cteri !( Titron hara ility, !( Agondh Ranwar Chausana Sub-Humid lar c itab !( Jijola !( !(Jaroda Panda simi d su Gondar !( to lan Kheri Naru !( Humid ted ural !( Khodsama !( Rankhandi ela ult Hathchhoya Balwa Kheri !( r gric Bansa !( !( !( !( ial a !( Uncha Siwana !( !( Dudhli ent Maduban Kamalpur Pindora Ghalauli Temperate/Highlands pot and uction 77°E 77°30'E prod tal !. nmen Town Road enviro Settlement t. Railway impac River Scale 1:750,000 Canal 0 7.5 15 30 45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal 9 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: FAO (2008) Landcover

77°E 77°30'E 80°E !( !.Dera Bassi !( Jangla Bhood !( Khatauli Jalauli !( Nahan Sataun !( !( !( Barwala Dandrolon Ka!(tola !( !( Bhagwanpur !( Mauli !( Trilokpur Amboa !( !( Kohra-Bhura

N !( N ' '

0 Fatehpur Viran !( Tharwa Rajban 0

!( !( !( N N !( Rajouli !( ° ° !( Chhauchhrauli !( 0 0 Tandwal Seemla Dhin 3 3 !( !( Jaidhar Barara !( Milk Majara !( Rao Marja !( Sohata !( !( Uchachandana Maado !( Nalvi Adhoya !( !( NEPAL Ugala !( Behat !. !( !( Kanhari Kalan Tangore Shahbad Talherei Mehmadpur !( !( Yamunanagar Manjhipur !( !. !( Harnoul !( Sansarpur !( Kharindwa !( Jhiwerheri !( Jhansa Sharifgarh !( Jhinjhouli !( !( Damla Laapra !( !( Tigri !( !( !( Ajrana Kalan Chanarthal !( Randaul Navada !( Khurdi !( !( Baingani Karoundi Haripur Tehsil !( !( Tigra !( Kalal Majra !( Ramnagar !( Khajuri Budha Khera Allewa Bhadurpur !( !( !( !( Heraheri Dhurala !( !( !( !( !( Kaulapur Radaur !( Alahar Buddha Khera !( !( Sainpur !( !( Jathlana !( Chamari Khera N Behlolpur !( Sarsawan Dewala N I N D I A ° Bhiwani Khera !( ° 0 !( !( Braheri B.S.P. 0 3 Mathana !( Sarsoheri 3 !( Ladwa !( !( Jyotisar !. !( Dhanoura Sandhla Saharanpur !( !( Kadami Sahabamajara Jhabiran !. Gagalheri Sirsama !( !( Dhanokheri !( !( !( Kailash Pur Thanesar Baraundi !( Gumthala Rao !( !( !( Phandpuri Hasanpur Chogawan Nakur !( !( Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori !( Hathira !( Kairmach !( Indri Sidki 80°E !( !( !( Samaspour International boundary !( !( Bhankala Jamba !( !( !( Scale 1:10,000,000 Nigdhu !( Kissan Basti Ambheta !( Norta !( Sohlo Badarpur Naurangpur !( Nagal 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( !( Dagrauli Sambhi !( Padhana Kundan Garh !( !( !( !( !( Basera !( Koyer Sonkra !( Kherimaan Singh !( !( Khatauli !( !( Taraori !( Chaura Village !( Sarsina Kallarpur Gujjar !( Rampur !( Mohri Pakhana !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Darar Gangoh !( Shamgarh !( !(!( Kanjauli !( !( Anantmau Baraas !( Bara Gaon Sizud Amboli Landcover !( Sultanpur !( !( !( Akbarpur Closed to open mixed broadleaved, needleleaved forest Salaru Village !( Nanauta Irrigated croplands Singhra Kachhwa !( Bargaon !( Tholla !( Bhaila Hashimpur Manjura !( !( !( !( Mosaic Grassland/Forest-Shrubland !( !( Tabarrukpur Thaska Rainfed croplands !. Karnal !( !( Nissing !( !( Mora Deoband Closed to open shrubland !( Titron Mosaic Croplands/Vegetation !( Agondh Chausana Ranwar Jijola !( !(Jaroda Panda Gondar !( !( Sparse vegetation Kheri Naru !( Mosaic Vegetation/Croplands !( Khodsama !( Hathchhoya Balwa Kheri Rankhandi Bansa !( !( !( !( !( Closed to open vegetation regularly flooded Uncha Siwana !( !( !( Maduban Kamalpur Pindora Dudhli Ghalauli Closed broadleaved deciduous forest Urban area 77°E 77°30'E Open broadleaved deciduous forest !. Town Road Bare areas the Open needleleaved deciduous or evergreen forest Settlement shows Railway cover sical Land o)phy Closed to open broadleaved forest regularly River Scale 1:750,000 ed (bi Mosaic Forest-Shrubland/Grassland bserv arth's flooded (fresh-brackish water) Canal 0 7.5 15 30 45 Kilometers o the e ver of inant Closed to open grassland co e. dom ace, i. use surf land ation, Closed to open broadleaved evergreen veget de 1 cm = 7.5 km an-ma or semi-deciduous forest and m es. featur

Karnal 10 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: Arino et al (2009) Landuse

77°E 77°30'E 80°E !( !.Dera Bassi !( Jangla Bhood !( Khatauli Jalauli !( Nahan Sataun !( !( !( Barwala Dandrolon Ka!(tola !( !( Bhagwanpur !( Mauli !( Trilokpur Amboa !( !( Kohra-Bhura

N !( N ' '

0 Fatehpur Viran !( Tharwa Rajban 0

!( !( !( N N !( Rajouli !( ° ° !( Chhauchhrauli !( 0 0 Tandwal Seemla Dhin 3 3 !( !( Jaidhar Barara !( Milk Majara !( Rao Marja !( Sohata !( !( Uchachandana Maado !( Nalvi Adhoya !( !( NEPAL Ugala !( Behat !. !( !( Kanhari Kalan Tangore Shahbad Talherei Mehmadpur !( !( Yamunanagar Manjhipur !( !. !( Harnoul !( Sansarpur !( Kharindwa !( Jhiwerheri !( Jhansa Sharifgarh !( Jhinjhouli !( !( Damla Laapra !( !( Tigri !( !( !( Ajrana Kalan Chanarthal !( Randaul Navada !( Khurdi !( !( Baingani Karoundi Haripur Tehsil !( !( Tigra !( Kalal Majra !( Ramnagar !( Khajuri Budha Khera Allewa Bhadurpur !( !( !( !( Heraheri Dhurala !( !( !( !( !( Kaulapur Radaur !( Alahar Buddha Khera !( !( Sainpur !( !( Jathlana !( Chamari Khera N Behlolpur !( Sarsawan Dewala N I N D I A ° Bhiwani Khera !( ° 0 !( !( Braheri B.S.P. 0 3 Mathana !( Sarsoheri 3 !( Ladwa !( !( Jyotisar !. !( Dhanoura Sandhla Saharanpur !( !( Kadami Sahabamajara Jhabiran !. Gagalheri Sirsama !( !( Dhanokheri !( !( !( Kailash Pur Thanesar Baraundi !( Gumthala Rao !( !( !( Phandpuri Hasanpur Chogawan Nakur !( !( Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori !( Hathira !( Kairmach !( Indri Sidki 80°E !( !( !( Samaspour International boundary !( !( Bhankala Jamba !( !( !( Scale 1:10,000,000 Nigdhu !( Kissan Basti Ambheta !( Norta !( Sohlo Badarpur Naurangpur !( Nagal 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( !( Dagrauli Sambhi !( Padhana Kundan Garh !( !( !( !( !( Basera !( Koyer Sonkra !( Kherimaan Singh !( !( Khatauli !( !( Taraori !( Chaura Village !( Sarsina Kallarpur Gujjar !( Rampur !( Mohri Pakhana !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Darar Gangoh !( !( !(!( Kanjauli !( Shamgarh !( !( Anantmau Sizud Amboli ow Baraas Bara Gaon !( of h !( Sultanpur Landuse * iption !( !( Akbarpur descr volves Salaru Village !( Nanauta is a .It in Singhra Kachhwa !( Bargaon Forest with agricultural activities nduse land !( Tholla !( Hashimpur La e the . the !( !(Bhaila !( utiliz y, i.e Manjura !(Tabarrukpur Thaska ople activit !( !( !( pe mic ation !. Karnal !( Forest with moderater higher livestock density -econo odific Nissing !( !( Mora Deoband socio and m nto !( Titron ment ent i !( Agondh Chausana age ironm Ranwar Jijola !(Jaroda Panda Rainfed crops (Subsistence/Commercial) man l env !( !( !( tura as Gondar the na t,such nts. Kheri Naru !( of onmen ttleme !( Khodsama !( Balwa Kheri Rankhandi Crops and high livestock density envir nd se le !( !( Hathchhoya !( !( !( uilt ds a ltip Bansa !( b l fiel e mu !( Maduban Uncha Siwana Kamalpur !( Dudhli ultura ay b Pindora Ghalauli agric therem e is Crops, large-scale irrigated, moderate or higher livestock density place, ant on 77°E 77°30'E t any domin A s, the !. Town d use Road Agriculture large scale Irrigation lan here. sented Settlement Railway pre River Scale 1:750,000 Urban area Canal 0 7.5 15 30 45 Kilometers * Legend corresponds to left map

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal 11 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: Natchtergaele et al (2010) Length of Growing Period 2000

77°E 77°30'E 80°E !( !.Dera Bassi !( Jangla Bhood !( Khatauli Jalauli !( Nahan Sataun !( !( !( Barwala Dandrolon Ka!(tola !( !( Bhagwanpur !( Mauli !( Trilokpur Amboa !( !( Kohra-Bhura

N !( N ' '

0 Fatehpur Viran !( Tharwa Rajban 0

!( !( !( N N !( Rajouli !( ° ° !( Chhauchhrauli !( 0 0 Tandwal Seemla Dhin 3 3 !( !( Jaidhar Barara !( Milk Majara !( Rao Marja !( Sohata !( !( Uchachandana Maado !( Nalvi Adhoya !( !( NEPAL Ugala !( Behat !. !( !( Kanhari Kalan Tangore Shahbad Talherei Mehmadpur !( !( Yamunanagar Manjhipur !( !. !( Harnoul !( Sansarpur !( Kharindwa !( Jhiwerheri !( Jhansa Sharifgarh !( Jhinjhouli !( !( Damla Laapra !( !( Tigri !( !( !( Ajrana Kalan Chanarthal !( Randaul Navada !( Khurdi !( !( Baingani Karoundi Haripur Tehsil !( !( Tigra !( Kalal Majra !( Ramnagar !( Khajuri Budha Khera Allewa Bhadurpur !( !( !( !( Heraheri Dhurala !( !( !( !( !( Kaulapur Radaur !( Alahar Buddha Khera !( !( Sainpur !( !( Jathlana !( Chamari Khera N Behlolpur !( Sarsawan Dewala N I N D I A ° Bhiwani Khera !( ° 0 !( !( Braheri B.S.P. 0 3 Mathana !( Sarsoheri 3 !( Ladwa !( !( Jyotisar !. !( Dhanoura Sandhla Saharanpur !( !( Kadami Sahabamajara Jhabiran !. Gagalheri Sirsama !( !( Dhanokheri !( !( !( Kailash Pur Thanesar Baraundi !( Gumthala Rao !( !( !( Phandpuri Hasanpur Chogawan Nakur !( !( Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori !( Hathira !( Kairmach !( Indri Sidki 80°E !( !( !( Samaspour International boundary !( !( Bhankala Jamba !( !( !( Scale 1:10,000,000 Nigdhu !( Kissan Basti Ambheta !( Norta !( Sohlo Badarpur Naurangpur !( Nagal 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( !( Dagrauli Sambhi !( Padhana Kundan Garh !( !( !( !( !( Basera !( Koyer Sonkra !( Kherimaan Singh !( !( Khatauli !( !( Taraori !( Chaura Village !( Sarsina Kallarpur Gujjar !( Rampur !( Mohri Pakhana !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Darar Gangoh !( Shamgarh !( !(!( Kanjauli !( !( Anantmau Sizud Baraas !( Bara Gaon Amboli Length of Growing Period (Days) wing !( Sultanpur !( f Gro !( !( Akbarpur th o Salaru Village !( Nanauta eng ined Singhra Kachhwa !( Bargaon < = 50 he L def !( Tholla !( Hashimpur T ) is !( !(Bhaila !( LGP s Manjura !(Tabarrukpur Thaska iod ( f day !( !( !( 50 -100 Per er o !. Karnal !( umb h Nissing !( !( Mora Deoband he n hic !( Titron as t ring w !( Agondh Chausana 100 - 150 r du fed !( Ranwar Jijola !( !(Jaroda Panda yea ain Gondar !( in a ble r !( aila Kheri Naru 150 - 200 is av for !( Khodsama !( Hathchhoya Balwa Kheri Rankhandi ere pply Bansa !( !( !( !( !( th re su !( Maduban Uncha Siwana !( !( Dudhli oistu Kamalpur Pindora Ghalauli > 200 soil m . rowth 77°E 77°30'E plant g !. Town Road Settlement Railway River Scale 1:750,000 Canal 0 7.5 15 30 45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal 12 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: Thornton et al (2006) Length of Growing Period 2030

77°E 77°30'E 80°E !( !.Dera Bassi !( Jangla Bhood !( Khatauli Jalauli !( Nahan Sataun !( !( !( Barwala Dandrolon Ka!(tola !( !( Bhagwanpur !( Mauli !( Trilokpur Amboa !( !( Kohra-Bhura

N !( N ' '

0 Fatehpur Viran !( Tharwa Rajban 0

!( !( !( N N !( Rajouli !( ° ° !( Chhauchhrauli !( 0 0 Tandwal Seemla Dhin 3 3 !( !( Jaidhar Barara !( Milk Majara !( Rao Marja !( Sohata !( !( Uchachandana Maado !( Nalvi Adhoya !( !( NEPAL Ugala !( Behat !. !( !( Kanhari Kalan Tangore Shahbad Talherei Mehmadpur !( !( Yamunanagar Manjhipur !( !. !( Harnoul !( Sansarpur !( Kharindwa !( Jhiwerheri !( Jhansa Sharifgarh !( Jhinjhouli !( !( Damla Laapra !( !( Tigri !( !( !( Ajrana Kalan Chanarthal !( Randaul Navada !( Khurdi !( !( Baingani Karoundi Haripur Tehsil !( !( Tigra !( Kalal Majra !( Ramnagar !( Khajuri Budha Khera Allewa Bhadurpur !( !( !( !( Heraheri Dhurala !( !( !( !( !( Kaulapur Radaur !( Alahar Buddha Khera !( !( Sainpur !( !( Jathlana !( Chamari Khera N Behlolpur !( Sarsawan Dewala N I N D I A ° Bhiwani Khera !( ° 0 !( !( Braheri B.S.P. 0 3 Mathana !( Sarsoheri 3 !( Ladwa !( !( Jyotisar !. !( Dhanoura Sandhla Saharanpur !( !( Kadami Sahabamajara Jhabiran !. Gagalheri Sirsama !( !( Dhanokheri !( !( !( Kailash Pur Thanesar Baraundi !( Gumthala Rao !( !( !( Phandpuri Hasanpur Chogawan Nakur !( !( Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori !( Hathira !( Kairmach !( Indri Sidki 80°E !( !( !( Samaspour International boundary !( !( Bhankala Jamba !( !( !( Scale 1:10,000,000 Nigdhu !( Kissan Basti Ambheta !( Norta !( Sohlo Badarpur Naurangpur !( Nagal 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( !( Dagrauli Sambhi !( Padhana Kundan Garh !( !( !( !( !( Basera !( Koyer Sonkra !( Kherimaan Singh !( !( Khatauli !( !( Taraori !( Chaura Village !( Sarsina Kallarpur Gujjar !( Rampur !( Mohri Pakhana !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Darar Gangoh !( Shamgarh !( !(!( Kanjauli !( g !( owin !( Anantmau Sizud Amboli f Gr Baraas Bara Gaon !( Length of Growing Period (Days) th o !( Sultanpur eng ined !( !( Akbarpur he L def Salaru Village !( Nanauta T ) is Singhra Kachhwa !( Bargaon < = 50 (LGP ys !( Tholla !( Hashimpur iod f da !( !(Bhaila !( Per r o Manjura !(Tabarrukpur Thaska mbe !( !( !( 50 - 100 e nu ich !. Karnal !( as th ng wh Nissing !( !( Mora Deoband duri d !( Titron year rainfe !( Agondh Ranwar Chausana 100 - 150 in a ble !( Jijola !( !(Jaroda Panda aila Gondar !( is av ly for Kheri Naru !( there upp !( Khodsama !( Rankhandi 150 - 200 re s Hathchhoya Balwa Kheri !( istu Bansa !( !( !( !( l mo ere !( Maduban Uncha Siwana !( !( Dudhli soi h; h Kamalpur Pindora Ghalauli > 200 owt lant gr 30. 77°E 77°30'E p for 20 deled !. Town Road mo Settlement Railway River Scale 1:750,000 Canal 0 7.5 15 30 45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal 13 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: Thornton et al (2006) Crop Suitability

77°E 77°30'E 80°E !( !.Dera Bassi !( Jangla Bhood !( Khatauli Jalauli !( Nahan Sataun !( !( !( Barwala Dandrolon Ka!(tola !( !( Bhagwanpur !( Mauli !( Trilokpur Amboa !( !( Kohra-Bhura

N !( N ' '

0 Fatehpur Viran !( Tharwa Rajban 0

!( !( !( N N !( Rajouli !( ° ° !( Chhauchhrauli !( 0 0 Tandwal Seemla Dhin 3 3 !( !( Jaidhar Barara !( Milk Majara !( Rao Marja !( Sohata !( !( Uchachandana Maado !( Nalvi Adhoya !( !( NEPAL Ugala !( Behat !. !( !( Kanhari Kalan Tangore Shahbad Talherei Mehmadpur !( !( Yamunanagar Manjhipur !( !. !( Harnoul !( Sansarpur !( Kharindwa !( Jhiwerheri !( Jhansa Sharifgarh !( Jhinjhouli !( !( Damla Laapra !( !( Tigri !( !( !( Ajrana Kalan Chanarthal !( Randaul Navada !( Khurdi !( !( Baingani Karoundi Haripur Tehsil !( !( Tigra !( Kalal Majra !( Ramnagar !( Khajuri Budha Khera Allewa Bhadurpur !( !( !( !( Heraheri Dhurala !( !( !( !( !( Kaulapur Radaur !( Alahar Buddha Khera !( !( Sainpur !( !( Jathlana !( Chamari Khera N Behlolpur !( Sarsawan Dewala N I N D I A ° Bhiwani Khera !( ° 0 !( !( Braheri B.S.P. 0 3 Mathana !( Sarsoheri 3 !( Ladwa !( !( Jyotisar !. !( Dhanoura Sandhla Saharanpur !( !( Kadami Sahabamajara Jhabiran !. Gagalheri Sirsama !( !( Dhanokheri !( !( !( Kailash Pur Thanesar Baraundi !( Gumthala Rao !( !( !( Phandpuri Hasanpur Chogawan Nakur !( !( Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori !( Hathira !( Kairmach !( Indri Sidki 80°E !( !( !( Samaspour International boundary !( !( Bhankala Jamba !( !( !( Scale 1:10,000,000 Nigdhu !( Kissan Basti Ambheta !( Norta !( Sohlo Badarpur Naurangpur !( Nagal 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( !( Dagrauli Sambhi !( Padhana Kundan Garh !( !( !( !( !( Basera !( Koyer Sonkra !( Kherimaan Singh !( !( Khatauli !( !( Taraori !( Chaura Village Rampur !( Sarsina Kallarpur Gujjar !( !( Corresponds to the map on the left Mohri Pakhana !( !( Darar Gangoh !( Shamgarh !( !(!( Kanjauli !( !( Crop Suitability !( Anantmau Sizud Amboli rs to Baraas Bara Gaon !( refe !( Sultanpur ility !( !( Akbarpur Not suitable itab Salaru Village !( Nanauta Su Singhra Kachhwa !( Bargaon rop rce !( Tholla !( Hashimpur C sou !( !(Bhaila !( d re Manjura !(Tabarrukpur Thaska Very low lan t !( !( !( the tha !. Karnal !( ent l land Nissing !( !( Mora Deoband essm ltura !( Titron Low ass ricu !( Agondh Chausana ag ant Ranwar Jijola !(Jaroda Panda ers elev !( !( !( nsid h r Gondar Medium low co s wit n Kheri Naru !( ption nditio !( Khodsama !( Hathchhoya Balwa Kheri Rankhandi se o l co Bansa !( !( !( !( !( u gica !( Uncha Siwana !( !( Dudhli Medium colo d Maduban Kamalpur Pindora Ghalauli gro-e pecte a ate ex 77°E 77°30'E Medium high estim ties. to activi !. Town Road ping High crop Settlement Railway River Scale 1:750,000 Very high Canal 0 7.5 15 30 45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal 14 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: FAO and IIASA (2007) Livestock Production Systems

77°E 77°30'E 80°E !( !.Dera Bassi !( Jangla Bhood !( Khatauli Jalauli !( Nahan Sataun !( !( !( Barwala Dandrolon Ka!(tola !( !( Bhagwanpur !( Mauli !( Trilokpur Amboa !( !( Kohra-Bhura

N !( N ' '

0 Fatehpur Viran !( Tharwa Rajban 0

!( !( !( N N !( Rajouli !( ° ° !( Chhauchhrauli !( 0 0 Tandwal Seemla Dhin 3 3 !( !( Jaidhar Barara !( Milk Majara !( Rao Marja !( Sohata !( !( Uchachandana Maado !( Nalvi Adhoya !( !( NEPAL Ugala !( Behat !. !( !( Kanhari Kalan Tangore Shahbad Talherei Mehmadpur !( !( Yamunanagar Manjhipur !( !. !( Harnoul !( Sansarpur !( Kharindwa !( Jhiwerheri !( Jhansa Sharifgarh !( Jhinjhouli !( !( Damla Laapra !( !( Tigri !( !( !( Ajrana Kalan Chanarthal !( Randaul Navada !( Khurdi !( !( Baingani Karoundi Haripur Tehsil !( !( Tigra !( Kalal Majra !( Ramnagar !( Khajuri Budha Khera Allewa Bhadurpur !( !( !( !( Heraheri Dhurala !( !( !( !( !( Kaulapur Radaur !( Alahar Buddha Khera !( !( Sainpur !( !( Jathlana !( Chamari Khera N Behlolpur !( Sarsawan Dewala N I N D I A ° Bhiwani Khera !( ° 0 !( !( Braheri B.S.P. 0 3 Mathana !( Sarsoheri 3 !( Ladwa !( !( Jyotisar !. !( Dhanoura Sandhla Saharanpur !( !( Kadami Sahabamajara Jhabiran !. Gagalheri Sirsama !( !( Dhanokheri !( !( !( Kailash Pur Thanesar Baraundi !( Gumthala Rao !( !( !( Phandpuri Hasanpur Chogawan Nakur !( !( Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori !( Hathira !( Kairmach !( Indri Sidki 80°E !( !( !( Samaspour International boundary !( !( Bhankala Jamba !( !( !( Scale 1:10,000,000 Nigdhu !( Kissan Basti Ambheta !( Norta !( Sohlo Badarpur Naurangpur !( Nagal 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( !( Dagrauli Sambhi !( Padhana Kundan Garh !( !( !( !( !( Basera !( Koyer Sonkra !( Kherimaan Singh !( !( Khatauli !( !( Taraori !( Chaura Village !( Sarsina Kallarpur Gujjar !( Rampur !( Mohri Pakhana !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Darar Gangoh !( s !( !(!( Kanjauli !( ms a Shamgarh !( Syste !( Anantmau Sizud Amboli uction ake Baraas Bara Gaon !( Mixed Rainfed Livestock only Prod ems t !( Sultanpur estock al syst !( !( Akbarpur Liv icultur into Salaru Village !( Nanauta of agr tions Singhra Kachhwa !( Bargaon Arid / Semi-arid Arid /semi-arid part condi n !( Tholla !( Bhaila Hashimpur imatic ified i Manjura !( !( !( !( gro-cl class !( Tabarrukpur Thaska a d are k !( !. !( Humid / sub-humid Temperate / highland nt an vestoc Karnal !( accou and li dities Nissing !( !( Mora Deoband f feed ommo !( Titron Temperate / highland rms o tock c gy; !( Agondh Chausana Humid and sub-Humid te lives hnolo Ranwar Jijola !(Jaroda Panda rces; n tec ; !( !( !( esou uctio tions Gondar r ; prod k func Kheri Naru !( Mixed Irrigated duced ivestoc ons; !( Khodsama !( Rankhandi pro nd l cati Hathchhoya Balwa Kheri !( use a hic lo Bansa !( !( !( !( oduct eograp rted. !( Maduban Uncha Siwana !( !( Dudhli pr red; g suppo Kamalpur Pindora Ghalauli Arid / semi-arid Urban area a cove ations are popul 77°E 77°30'E human Humid / sub-humid Other and !. Town Road Temperate / highland Settlement Railway River Scale 1:750,000 Canal 0 7.5 15 30 45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal 15 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: FAO (2007) Livestock Density

77°E 77°30'E 80°E !( !.Dera Bassi !( Jangla Bhood !( Khatauli Jalauli !( Nahan Sataun !( !( !( Barwala Dandrolon Ka!(tola !( !( Bhagwanpur !( Mauli !( Trilokpur Amboa !( !( Kohra-Bhura

N !( N ' '

0 Fatehpur Viran !( Tharwa Rajban 0

!( !( !( N N !( Rajouli !( ° ° !( Chhauchhrauli !( 0 0 Tandwal Seemla Dhin 3 3 !( !( Jaidhar Barara !( Milk Majara !( Rao Marja !( Sohata !( !( Uchachandana Maado !( Nalvi Adhoya !( !( NEPAL Ugala !( Behat !. !( !( Kanhari Kalan Tangore Shahbad Talherei Mehmadpur !( !( Yamunanagar Manjhipur !( !. !( Harnoul !( Sansarpur !( Kharindwa !( Jhiwerheri !( Jhansa Sharifgarh !( Jhinjhouli !( !( Damla Laapra !( !( Tigri !( !( !( Ajrana Kalan Chanarthal !( Randaul Navada !( Khurdi !( !( Baingani Karoundi Haripur Tehsil !( !( Tigra !( Kalal Majra !( Ramnagar !( Khajuri Budha Khera Allewa Bhadurpur !( !( !( !( Heraheri Dhurala !( !( !( !( !( Kaulapur Radaur !( Alahar Buddha Khera !( !( Sainpur !( !( Jathlana !( Chamari Khera N Behlolpur !( Sarsawan Dewala N I N D I A ° Bhiwani Khera !( ° 0 !( !( Braheri B.S.P. 0 3 Mathana !( Sarsoheri 3 !( Ladwa !( !( Jyotisar !. !( Dhanoura Sandhla Saharanpur !( !( Kadami Sahabamajara Jhabiran !. Gagalheri Sirsama !( !( Dhanokheri !( !( !( Kailash Pur Thanesar Baraundi !( Gumthala Rao !( !( !( Phandpuri Hasanpur Chogawan Nakur !( !( Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori !( Hathira !( Kairmach !( Indri Sidki 80°E !( !( !( Samaspour International boundary !( !( Bhankala Jamba !( !( !( Scale 1:10,000,000 Nigdhu !( Kissan Basti Ambheta !( Norta !( Sohlo Badarpur Naurangpur !( Nagal 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( !( Dagrauli Sambhi !( Padhana Kundan Garh !( !( !( !( !( Basera !( Koyer Sonkra !( Kherimaan Singh !( !( Khatauli !( !( Taraori !( Chaura Village !( Sarsina Kallarpur Gujjar !( Rampur !( Mohri Pakhana !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Darar Gangoh !( Shamgarh !( !(!( Kanjauli !( !( Anantmau is Baraas !( Bara Gaon Sizud Amboli 2 ensity !( Sultanpur !( Number per km ock D rs !( !( Akbarpur ivest mbe Salaru Village !( Nanauta L n nu Singhra Kachhwa !( Bargaon red i !( Tholla !( Bhaila Hashimpur No Observations easu uding Manjura !( !( !( !( m incl !( !( Tabarrukpur Thaska ock, p, !. !( !( est hee Karnal 0 - 15 f liv nd s Nissing !( !( Mora Deoband o ts a !( Titron goa !( Agondh Chausana ttle, Ranwar Jijola !( !(Jaroda Panda ca 2 Gondar !( !( 15 - 30 !( km Kheri Naru Khodsama per !( !( Hathchhoya Balwa Kheri Rankhandi 30 - 45 Bansa !( !( !( !( !( Uncha Siwana !( !( !( Maduban Kamalpur Pindora Dudhli Ghalauli 45 - 60 77°E 77°30'E !. Town Road > 60 Settlement Railway River Scale 1:750,000 Canal 0 7.5 15 30 45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal 16 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: Wint et al (2007) Human Population Density

77°E 77°30'E 80°E !( !.Dera Bassi !( Jangla Bhood !( Khatauli Jalauli !( Nahan Sataun !( !( !( Barwala Dandrolon Ka!(tola !( !( Bhagwanpur !( Mauli !( Trilokpur Amboa !( !( Kohra-Bhura

N !( N ' '

0 Fatehpur Viran !( Tharwa Rajban 0

!( !( !( N N !( Rajouli !( ° ° !( Chhauchhrauli !( 0 0 Tandwal Seemla Dhin 3 3 !( !( Jaidhar Barara !( Milk Majara !( Rao Marja !( Sohata !( !( Uchachandana Maado !( Nalvi Adhoya !( !( NEPAL Ugala !( Behat !. !( !( Kanhari Kalan Tangore Shahbad Talherei Mehmadpur !( !( Yamunanagar Manjhipur !( !. !( Harnoul !( Sansarpur !( Kharindwa !( Jhiwerheri !( Jhansa Sharifgarh !( Jhinjhouli !( !( Damla Laapra !( !( Tigri !( !( !( Ajrana Kalan Chanarthal !( Randaul Navada !( Khurdi !( !( Baingani Karoundi Haripur Tehsil !( !( Tigra !( Kalal Majra !( Ramnagar !( Khajuri Budha Khera Allewa Bhadurpur !( !( !( !( Heraheri Dhurala !( !( !( !( !( Kaulapur Radaur !( Alahar Buddha Khera !( !( Sainpur !( !( Jathlana !( Chamari Khera N Behlolpur !( Sarsawan Dewala N I N D I A ° Bhiwani Khera !( ° 0 !( !( Braheri B.S.P. 0 3 Mathana !( Sarsoheri 3 !( Ladwa !( !( Jyotisar !. !( Dhanoura Sandhla Saharanpur !( !( Kadami Sahabamajara Jhabiran !. Gagalheri Sirsama !( !( Dhanokheri !( !( !( Kailash Pur Thanesar Baraundi !( Gumthala Rao !( !( !( Phandpuri Hasanpur Chogawan Nakur !( !( Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori !( Hathira !( Kairmach !( Indri Sidki 80°E !( !( !( Samaspour International boundary !( !( Bhankala Jamba !( !( !( Scale 1:10,000,000 Nigdhu !( Kissan Basti Ambheta !( Norta !( Sohlo Badarpur Naurangpur !( Nagal 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( !( Dagrauli Sambhi !( Padhana Kundan Garh !( !( !( !( !( Basera !( Koyer Sonkra !( Kherimaan Singh !( !( Khatauli !( !( Taraori !( Chaura Village !( Sarsina Kallarpur Gujjar !( Rampur !( Mohri Pakhana !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Darar Gangoh !( !( !(!( Kanjauli !( ion Shamgarh !( 2 ulat !( Anantmau Sizud Amboli Number of persons per km Pop d Baraas Bara Gaon !( man idde !( Sultanpur Hu e gr !( !( Akbarpur is th r Salaru Village !( Nanauta < = 5 sity s pe Singhra Kachhwa !( Bargaon Den rson !( Tholla !( Hashimpur pe !( !(Bhaila !( r of Manjura !(Tabarrukpur Thaska 5 - 25 mbe !( !( !( nu . !. Karnal !( 2 2005 Nissing !( !( Mora Deoband in !( Titron 25 - 50 km !( Agondh Chausana Ranwar Jijola !( !(Jaroda Panda Gondar !( !( Kheri Naru !( 50 - 250 !( Khodsama !( Hathchhoya Balwa Kheri Rankhandi Bansa !( !( !( !( !( Uncha Siwana !( !( !( Maduban Kamalpur Pindora Dudhli Ghalauli > 250 77°E 77°30'E !. Town Road Settlement Railway River Scale 1:750,000 Canal 0 7.5 15 30 45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal 17 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: CIESIN (2005) Market Access

77°E 77°30'E 80°E !( !.Dera Bassi !( Jangla Bhood !( Khatauli Jalauli !( Nahan Sataun !( !( !( Barwala Dandrolon Ka!(tola !( !( Bhagwanpur !( Mauli !( Trilokpur Amboa !( !( Kohra-Bhura

N !( N ' '

0 Fatehpur Viran !( Tharwa Rajban 0

!( !( !( N N !( Rajouli !( ° ° !( Chhauchhrauli !( 0 0 Tandwal Seemla Dhin 3 3 !( !( Jaidhar Barara !( Milk Majara !( Rao Marja !( Sohata !( !( Uchachandana Maado !( Nalvi Adhoya !( !( NEPAL Ugala !( Behat !. !( !( Kanhari Kalan Tangore Shahbad Talherei Mehmadpur !( !( Yamunanagar Manjhipur !( !. !( Harnoul !( Sansarpur !( Kharindwa !( Jhiwerheri !( Jhansa Sharifgarh !( Jhinjhouli !( !( Damla Laapra !( !( Tigri !( !( !( Ajrana Kalan Chanarthal !( Randaul Navada !( Khurdi !( !( Baingani Karoundi Haripur Tehsil !( !( Tigra !( Kalal Majra !( Ramnagar !( Khajuri Budha Khera Allewa Bhadurpur !( !( !( !( Heraheri Dhurala !( !( !( !( !( Kaulapur Radaur !( Alahar Buddha Khera !( !( Sainpur !( !( Jathlana !( Chamari Khera N Behlolpur !( Sarsawan Dewala N I N D I A ° Bhiwani Khera !( ° 0 !( !( Braheri B.S.P. 0 3 Mathana !( Sarsoheri 3 !( Ladwa !( !( Jyotisar !. !( Dhanoura Sandhla Saharanpur !( !( Kadami Sahabamajara Jhabiran !. Gagalheri Sirsama !( !( Dhanokheri !( !( !( Kailash Pur Thanesar Baraundi !( Gumthala Rao !( !( !( Phandpuri Hasanpur Chogawan Nakur !( !( Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori !( Hathira !( Kairmach !( Indri Sidki 80°E !( !( !( Samaspour International boundary !( !( Bhankala Jamba !( !( !( Scale 1:10,000,000 Nigdhu !( Kissan Basti Ambheta !( Norta !( Sohlo Badarpur Naurangpur !( Nagal 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( !( Dagrauli Sambhi !( Padhana Kundan Garh !( !( !( !( !( Basera !( Koyer Sonkra !( Kherimaan Singh !( !( Khatauli !( !( Taraori !( Chaura Village !( Sarsina Kallarpur Gujjar !( Rampur !( Mohri Pakhana !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Darar Gangoh !( Shamgarh !( !(!( Kanjauli !( !( e !( Anantmau Sizud Amboli asur Baraas Bara Gaon !( me !( Sultanpur Travel time to nearest large town/city (Hours) is a d !( !( Akbarpur time mine Salaru Village !( Nanauta avel eter Singhra Kachhwa !( Bargaon 0 - 2 Tr ity d !( Tholla !( Hashimpur sibil en !( !(Bhaila !( ces tak Manjura !(Tabarrukpur Thaska of ac urs) !( !( !( (ho tre, !. Karnal !( 2 - 3 e time n cen Nissing !( !( Mora Deoband in th urba !( Titron arest tion !( Agondh Ranwar Chausana 3 - 4 e ne pula !( Jijola !( !(Jaroda Panda o th a po Gondar !( t ity of re Kheri Naru !( n or c or mo !( Khodsama !( Hathchhoya Balwa Kheri Rankhandi 4 - 5 tow ple Bansa !( !( !( !( !( peo of !( Uncha Siwana !( !( Dudhli ,000 ans Maduban Kamalpur Pindora Ghalauli of 50 nt me > 5 differe ount) 77°E 77°30'E king o acc (ta ion int !. Town ortat Road transp Settlement Railway River Scale 1:750,000 Canal 0 7.5 15 30 45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal 18 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: Nelson (2008) Poverty

77°E 77°30'E 80°E !( !.Dera Bassi !( Jangla Bhood !( Khatauli Jalauli !( Nahan Sataun !( !( !( Barwala Dandrolon Ka!(tola !( !( Bhagwanpur !( Mauli !( Trilokpur Amboa !( !( Kohra-Bhura

N !( N ' '

0 Fatehpur Viran !( Tharwa Rajban 0

!( !( !( N N !( Rajouli !( ° ° !( Chhauchhrauli !( 0 0 Tandwal Seemla Dhin 3 3 !( !( Jaidhar Barara !( Milk Majara !( Rao Marja !( Sohata !( !( Uchachandana Maado !( Nalvi Adhoya !( !( NEPAL Ugala !( Behat !. !( !( Kanhari Kalan Tangore Shahbad Talherei Mehmadpur !( !( Yamunanagar Manjhipur !( !. !( Harnoul !( Sansarpur !( Kharindwa !( Jhiwerheri !( Jhansa Sharifgarh !( Jhinjhouli !( !( Damla Laapra !( !( Tigri !( !( !( Ajrana Kalan Chanarthal !( Randaul Navada !( Khurdi !( !( Baingani Karoundi Haripur Tehsil !( !( Tigra !( Kalal Majra !( Ramnagar !( Khajuri Budha Khera Allewa Bhadurpur !( !( !( !( Heraheri Dhurala !( !( !( !( !( Kaulapur Radaur !( Alahar Buddha Khera !( !( Sainpur !( !( Jathlana !( Chamari Khera N Behlolpur !( Sarsawan Dewala N I N D I A ° Bhiwani Khera !( ° 0 !( !( Braheri B.S.P. 0 3 Mathana !( Sarsoheri 3 !( Ladwa !( !( Jyotisar !. !( Dhanoura Sandhla Saharanpur !( !( Kadami Sahabamajara Jhabiran !. Gagalheri Sirsama !( !( Dhanokheri !( !( !( Kailash Pur Thanesar Baraundi !( Gumthala Rao !( !( !( Phandpuri Hasanpur Chogawan Nakur !( !( Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori !( Hathira !( Kairmach !( Indri Sidki 80°E !( !( !( Samaspour International boundary !( !( Bhankala Jamba !( !( !( Scale 1:10,000,000 Nigdhu !( Kissan Basti Ambheta !( Norta !( Sohlo Badarpur Naurangpur !( Nagal 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( !( Dagrauli Sambhi !( Padhana Kundan Garh !( !( !( !( !( Basera !( Koyer Sonkra !( Kherimaan Singh !( !( Khatauli !( !( Taraori !( Chaura Village !( Sarsina Kallarpur Gujjar !( Rampur !( Mohri Pakhana !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Darar Gangoh !( Shamgarh !( !(!( Kanjauli !( !( Anantmau Baraas !( Bara Gaon Sizud Amboli Percentage of People living on less than 2 US$ per day bal !( Sultanpur !( d glo !( !( Akbarpur ucte Salaru Village !( Nanauta 0 or missing value nstr at Singhra Kachhwa !( Bargaon co y th !( Tholla !( Hashimpur SIN vert !( !(Bhaila !( CIE po f Manjura !(Tabarrukpur Thaska ts of tes o !( !( !( 0 - 20 a se tima !. Karnal !( dat on es lity Nissing !( !( Mora Deoband sed orta !( Titron 20 - 40 e ba fantm , !( Agondh Ranwar Chausana ar al in data !( Jijola !( !(Jaroda Panda tion ion Gondar !( ubna utrit Kheri Naru !( 40 - 60 s maln are !( Khodsama !( Rankhandi ild th Hathchhoya Balwa Kheri !( ch t bo Bansa !( !( !( !( and tha !( Uncha Siwana !( !( Dudhli ing d Maduban Kamalpur Pindora Ghalauli 60 - 80 ogniz rty an rec r pove 77°E 77°30'E s fo n 80 - 100 oxie tha !. pr ather Town Road fare r wel sures. Settlement Railway mea direct River Scale 1:750,000 Canal 0 7.5 15 30 45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal 19 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: CIESIN (2005) Conservation Areas

77°E 77°30'E 80°E !( !.Dera Bassi !( Jangla Bhood !( Khatauli Jalauli !( Nahan Sataun !( !( !( Barwala Dandrolon Ka!(tola !( !( Bhagwanpur !( Mauli !( Trilokpur Amboa !( !( Kohra-Bhura

N !( N ' '

0 Fatehpur Viran !( Tharwa Rajban 0

!( !( !( N N !( Rajouli !( ° ° !( Chhauchhrauli !( 0 0 Tandwal Seemla Dhin 3 3 !( !( Jaidhar Barara !( Milk Majara !( Rao Marja !( Sohata !( !( Uchachandana Maado !( Nalvi Adhoya !( !( NEPAL Ugala !( Behat !. !( !( Kanhari Kalan Tangore Shahbad Talherei Mehmadpur !( !( Yamunanagar Manjhipur !( !. !( Harnoul !( Sansarpur !( Kharindwa !( Jhiwerheri !( Jhansa Sharifgarh !( Jhinjhouli !( !( Damla Laapra !( !( Tigri !( !( !( Ajrana Kalan Chanarthal !( Randaul Navada !( Khurdi !( !( Baingani Karoundi Haripur Tehsil !( !( Tigra !( Kalal Majra !( Ramnagar !( Khajuri Budha Khera Allewa Bhadurpur !( !( !( !( Heraheri Dhurala !( !( !( !( !( Kaulapur Radaur !( Alahar Buddha Khera !( !( Sainpur !( !( Jathlana !( Chamari Khera N Behlolpur !( Sarsawan Dewala N I N D I A ° Bhiwani Khera !( ° 0 !( !( Braheri B.S.P. 0 3 Mathana !( Sarsoheri 3 !( Ladwa !( !( Jyotisar !. !( Dhanoura Sandhla Saharanpur !( !( Kadami Sahabamajara Jhabiran !. Gagalheri Sirsama !( !( Dhanokheri !( !( !( Kailash Pur Thanesar Baraundi !( Gumthala Rao !( !( !( Phandpuri Hasanpur Chogawan Nakur !( !( Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori !( Hathira !( Kairmach !( Indri Sidki 80°E !( !( !( Samaspour International boundary !( !( Bhankala Jamba !( !( !( Scale 1:10,000,000 Nigdhu !( Kissan Basti Ambheta !( Norta !( Sohlo Badarpur Naurangpur !( Nagal 0 125 250 500 Kilometers !( !( Dagrauli Sambhi !( Padhana Kundan Garh !( !( !( !( !( Basera !( Koyer Sonkra !( Kherimaan Singh !( !( Khatauli !( !( Taraori !( Chaura Village !( Sarsina Kallarpur Gujjar !( Rampur !( Mohri Pakhana !( Corresponds to the map on the left !( Darar Gangoh !( Shamgarh !( !(!( Kanjauli !( !( reas !( Anantmau Sizud Amboli tion A as Baraas Bara Gaon !( Conservation Areas serva d are !( Sultanpur Con otecte !( !( Akbarpur ent pr N, Salaru Village !( Nanauta pres to IUC Singhra Kachhwa !( Bargaon Sanctuary re rding raphic !( Tholla !( Bhaila Hashimpur t,acco d geog Manjura !( !( !( !( tha efine ed !( Tabarrukpur Thaska rly d dicat !( !. !( National Park re clea ed, de r Karnal !( a ogniz egal o Nissing !( !( Mora Deoband e, rec ugh l !( Titron spac d thro !( Chausana nage , to Agondh Ranwar Jijola !(Jaroda Panda National Park Extension d ma eans !( !( !( an ive m ation Gondar effect onserv Kheri Naru !( other term c !( Khodsama !( Rankhandi National Park / Buffer Zone ong- ed !( Hathchhoya Balwa Kheri !( eve l ociat Bansa !( !( !( achi ith ass !( Maduban Uncha Siwana !( !( Dudhli ure w and Kamalpur Pindora Ghalauli Wildlive Reserve of nat vices em ser cosyst 77°E 77°30'E e alue. UNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve ltural v !. Town Road cu Settlement Not Reported River Scale 1:750,000 Canal 0 7.5 15 30 45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal 20 CCAFS sampling frame Citation: UNEP-WCMC (2012). References and Data Sources assessment. Version 1, 2002. CD-ROM and User’s Manual. CIAT, AA6713, Cali, Colombia, 87 pp. Aridity Index Regional Map Trabucco, A., and Zomer, R.J. 2009. Global Aridity Index (Global-Aridity) and Global Potential Sijmons K. 2013a. Digital Satellite Image based on, MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Evapo-Transpiration (Global-PET) Geospatial Database. CGIAR Consortium for Spatial Information. Spectroradiometer ) NASA, 2009, Ground resolution : 1 Kilometer. GTOPO30, (DEM) Global Published online, available from the CGIAR-CSI GeoPortal at: http://www.csi.cgiar.org/ Digital Elevation Model U.S Geological Survey, Ground resolution: 1 Kilometer. Topographic Features derived from: Global GIS, U.S. Geological Survey and Google Earth. Projection: Altitude Geographic, Lat/Long, WGS84 Jarvis, A., H.I. Reuter, A. Nelson, E. Guevara, 2008, Hole-ﬁlled SRTM for the globe Version 4, available from the CGIAR-CSI SRTM 90m Database. Available at http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org Topographic Map Sijmons K. 2013b. Relief represenation derived from Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of SRTM Soil Type (Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission) 2000, Ground resolution 90 meter and ASTER GDEM, FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISS-CAS/JRC. 2009. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.1). FAO, Rome, Ground resolution 30 meter, NASA. Topographic Features digitized from Google Earth Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria. Projection: Geographic, Lat/Long, WGS84 Agro-Ecological Zones Satellite Image Fischer, G., F. Nachtergaele, S. Prieler, H.T. van Velthuizen, L. Verelst, D. Wiberg, 2008. Global Agro- RapidEye Satellite Image, 5 meter ground resolution, ecological Zones Assessment for Agriculture (GAEZ 2008). IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria and FAO, Rome, Image acquisition, 17-01-2011 Italy

Annual Rainfall Landcover Hijmans, R.J., S.E. Cameron, J.L. Parra, P.G. Jones and A. Jarvis, 2005. Very high resolution Arino, O., Perez J. R., Kalgirou V., Defourny P., Achard F. 2009. GlobCover. Version 2.3 Global. interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 25: Accessed at http://ionia1.esrin.esa.int/ 1965-1978. Landuse Annual Rainfall Graph Natchtergaele F., Petri M., 2010. Mapping Land Use at global and Regional Scales for Land Degrada- Jones P G, Thornton P K, Diaz W and Wilkens P W. 2002. tion Assessment Analysis (LADA).Version 1.1. MarkSim, a computer tool that generates simulated weather data for crop modeling and risk LADA Project FAO/UNEP GEF/. assessment. Version 1, 2002. CD-ROM and Users Manual. CIAT, AA6713, Cali, Colombia, 87 http://www.fao.org/geonetwork/srv/en/metadata.show?id=37139&currTab=simple pp. Length of Growing Period 2000 Annual Temperature Thornton P K, Jones P G, Owiyo T, Kruska R L, Herrero M, Kristjanson P, Notenbaert A, Bekele N and Hijmans, R.J., S.E. Cameron, J.L. Parra, P.G. Jones and A. Jarvis, 2005. Very high resolution Omolo A, with contributions from Orindi V, Adwerah A, Otiende B, Bhadwal S, Anantram K, Nair S interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 25: and Kumar V. 2006. Mapping climate vulnerability and poverty in Africa. Report to the Department 1965-1978. for International Development, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya, 200 p.

Annual Temperature Graph Length of Growing Period 2030 Jones P G, Thornton P K, Diaz W and Wilkens P W. 2002. Thornton P K, Jones P G, Owiyo T, Kruska R L, Herrero M, Kristjanson P, Notenbaert A, Bekele N and MarkSim, a computer tool that generates simulated weather data for crop modeling and risk Omolo A, with contributions from Orindi V, Adwerah A, Otiende B, Bhadwal S, Anantram K, Nair S.

21 and Kumar V. 2006. Mapping climate vulnerability and poverty in Africa. Report to the Depart- ment for International Development, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya, 200 p.

Crop Suitability FAO-IIASA 2007. Mapping biophysical factors that inﬂuence agricultural production and rural vulnerability. Food and Agriculture Organization and International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Rome 2007.

Livestock Production Systems FAO. 2007. Gridded livestock of the world 2007, by G.R.W. Wint and T.P. Robinson.Rome, pp 131.

Livestock Density Wint W, Robinson T, 2007. Gridded Livestock of the World. FAO, 131 pp.

Human Population Density Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University, and Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT, 2005. Gridded Population of the World, Version 3 (GPWv3): Population Density Grid, Future Estimates, Edition: 3.0. NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC. Online_Linkage: http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/gpw-v3-population-density-future-estimates

Market Access Nelson, A. (2008) Estimated travel time to the nearest city of 50,000 or more people in year 2000. Global Environment Monitoring Unit - Joint Research Centre of the European Commis- sion, Ispra Italy. Available at http://www-tem.jrc.it/accessibility (accessed 06/03/2004)

Poverty Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University, 2005. Small Area Estimates of Poverty and Inequality (SAEPI) database. Palisades, NY: CIESIN, Columbia University. Available at http://www.ciesin.columbia.edu/povmap. ( Version 1.0) Available at http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/theme/poverty

Conservation Areas UNEP-WCMC (2012). Data Standards for the World Database on Protected Areas. UNEP- WCMC: Cambridge, UK.

22 June 2013

The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) brings together the world’s best researchers in agricultural science, development research, climate science and Earth System science, to identify and address the most important interactions, synergies and tradeoffs between climate change, agriculture and food security. CCAFS is a strategic partnership of CGIAR and Future Earth, led by the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT).

For more information, visit www.ccafs.cgiar.org and www.geomapa.nl