Urbanrise Builders Llp Survey Nos

URBANRISE BUILDERS LLP SURVEY NOS. 594/A, 595/A, 597/AA, DUNDIGAL, GANDIMAISAMMA DUNDIGAL, MEDCHAL - MALKAJGIRI DISTRICT

1. Conceptual Plan 2. EMP Report Residential Apartments Construction Project

Submitted By Studies & Documentation by M/s Urbanrise Builders LLP M/s Team Labs and Consultants Plot Nos. 68 & 69, (An ISO Certified Organization) Jubilee Heights, Jubilee Enclave, B-115 -117 & 509, Annapurna Block, Madhapur, Hyderabad-500081 Aditya Enclave, Ameerpet, Hyderabad- 500 038 Phone: 91-040-23748555/616 Fax : 91-040-23748666 e-mail: [email protected]

SUBMITTED TO STATE LEVEL ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY TELANGANA GOVERNMENT OF INDIA Urbanrise Builders LLP Environmental Impact Statement

2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION/CONCEPTUAL PLAN

This chapter details the need for the project, description of the proposed project and alternatives, and identifies the valued ecosystem components. M/s Urbanrise Builders LLP, proposes to build Residential Apartment units to cater to the needs with all amenities.

2.1 THE PROJECT LOCATION: The project will be spread over an area of 1.950 Hectares in survey nos. 594/A, 595/A, 597/AA, Dundigul, Gandimaisamma Dundigul Mandal, Medchal - Malkajgiri District. The site is surrounded by open lands in north and south directions. A 12 m wide road in east direction connecting Outer ring road and a proposed 36 m wide road in west direction. The nearest railway station is the Gowdavalli railway station located at a distance of 7.5 km.

2.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.2.1 DESIGN STAGE The project is envisaged as Residential Apartment units with various amenities. The land area available for the project is 1.950 ha and will be allocated for various types of apartments and amenities based on the development rules of GHMC. The built-up areas and the number of units proposed is presented in table 2.1.

Table 2.1 Built Up Area Statement Total No of Total Site Total Built up Land Use No of Floors Units Area in m2 area (m2) Tower - 1 2B + S + 20 1000 3562.3 70145.7 Tower - 2 2B + S + 20 180 814.6 16013.1 Amenities 2B + G + 1 573.7 2586.8 Green Area 1597.87 Road Area 4300.8 Open Area 4875.0 Parking Stilt 7136.5 Basement - 1 13382.0 Basement - 2 13459.1 Net plot area 15724.3 122723.1 Road widening area 3775.9 Total Site Area 1180 19500.1

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green belt development. The rainwater will be let-out into harvesting tank and excess discharged into storm water drains. The required power will be drawn from the TRANSCO. Solar Energy will be used for fencing, and partially for hot water in the apartments. The designs of the apartments will also incorporate Indian Architectural principles of “Vastu” as the market demands the same. Construction material will be drawn from local sources. The layout of the project site is presented in fig. 2.1 and typical floor plans are presented in figure 2.2. The parking provision follows the guidelines prescribed by GHMC and Building policy. The number of parking spaces provided is presented in table 2.2

Circulation Plan:  Stilt floor Driveway: 7 m  No. of Basements floors: 2  No. of Ramps: 2  Width of Ramp: 6.4 m  Slope of Ramp: 1 in 8  Basement floor drive way: 5.5 m  No. of Lifts: 15  Capacity of each Lift: 10 - 15 pax.  Connecting Road: 12 m ROW

Modified Los & Performance Existing Existing Modified Modified Additional Modified Road volume, volume/ Volume/ Los & volume Volume PCU/hr Capacity Capacity performance “A” Site road 141 0.078 74 215 0.119 Excellent

Parking It is proposed to provide Stilt and Cellar floor for parking. The parking provision exceeds the guidelines prescribed by FAR and Building policy. Parking floor plans is presented in fig 2.3. The no. of parking spaces is presented in table 2.2.

Table 2.2 Parking Space Provision of the Project Floor 4 - Wheeler 2 - Wheeler Stilt 240 194 Basement - 1 360 222 Basement - 2 600 222 Total 1200 638

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Fig 2.1 Site plan

7M WIDE DRIVEWAY

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Fig 2.2 Typical floor plan TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN

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Fig 2.3 Parking floor plan

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2.2.1.1 Storm water drains: Conservation of water resource is most important aspect of the project during construction and occupation phases. Storm water drainage planning, domestic water planning and sewerage transfer and sewage treatment planning are most essential.

Calculation for Storm Water Drain Quantity of storm water (a) Without project Area of Catchment, ‘A’ : 1.9500 Ha Run off Coefficient, ‘C’ : 0.6 Maximum intensity of rainfall, ‘I’ : 40 mm/hr Therefore Q : 0.130 m3/sec (b) With project : Area for catchment for roof and road : 1.303 Ha Area of Catchment, ‘A’ : 1.303 Ha Run off Coefficient, ‘C’ : 0.9 Maximum intensity of rainfall, ‘I’ : 40 mm/hr Therefore Q = : 0.130 m3/sec

Area for catchment for open areas : 0.647 Ha Run off Coefficient, ‘C’ : 0.6 Maximum intensity of rainfall, ‘I’ : 40 mm/hr Therefore Q = : 0.043 m3/sec Total Discharge : 0.173 m3/sec But, Discharge, Q = A/V Where, A= Area of the Drain, V= Max. Permissible Velocity : 6 m/sec for concrete drain Area of drain, ‘A’ = Q/V : 0.029 m2 Taking depth of drain as 0.6 m at the starting point : 0.6 Width of drain = Area/depth = : 0.048 m 48 mm

Width of the drain is to taken 50 mm and depth varies according to the slope of ground.

Rainwater Harvesting Structures Storm water drains are provided with recharge pits which will act as flow dissipaters and also as infiltration trenches to ensure percolation of water and enhance the ground water table. The roof waters are channeled through storm water drains, which are connected with water harvesting pits. Rain Water Harvesting Pit shown in fig 2.4and Contour plan is shown in fig 2.5

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Fig2.4 Rain Water Harvesting Pit

Table 2.3 Strom Water Runoff Vol./hr Vol./hr Area in after before Difference in Land Use Hectar Remarks developme Developm Discharges es nt C=0.8 ent C=0.6 Stores in 2 sumps of Roof Area 0.50 158.4 118.8 39.6 capacity of 25 m3 Road Area 0.81 258.5 193.8 64.6 16 nos. of RWH pits are provided of size Open Area 0.65 77.7* 155.3 -77.7 1.5m X 1.5m X 2.0 m TOTAL 1.95 26.5 *C=0.3 after development

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2.2.1.2 Water Availability: Water is required for the construction as well as during occupation stage as the same is an important resource. The water requirement during construction is in the order of 60 cum/day with a peak demand of 120 cum/day, and during occupation stage in the order of 838.7 KLD. The water resource available with the Municipal authorities was studied to identify the source and feasibility. The water resource both domestic water and sewage is dealt by the Hyderabad Metropolitan water supply and Sewerage Board (HMWSSB) in the GHMC area. The HMWSSB has been maintaining the water supply resources for Hyderabad along with the treatment of wastewater. The resources available with the HMWSSB are presented in table 2.4.

Table 2.4 Details of present sources of water supply to Hyderabad Normal Present Drawls Drawls Source Name System Mode Water Treatment Plant (in MGD) (in MGD) Osmansagar 25 -- Gravity Asifnagar filter beds Himayatsagar 15 -- Gravity Miralam filter beds Singanoor 75 75 Gravity/Pumping Peddapur PH-3,4 Manjira 45 30 Gravity/Pumping Rajampet,Kalabgoor Akkampally (Krishna 270 3 Stage Pumping 226 Kodandlapur filter beds ph-1,2,3) Sri Pada Yellampally 86 Singur Dam 56 Godavari (Godavari) Source: Hyderabad Metropolitan Water Supply & Sewerage Board, www.hyderabadwater.gov.in

Domestic Water: It is proposed to draw domestic water from the Hyderabad Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board (HMWSSB), which have been encouraging the bulk consumers. The water shortage if any during summer season will be drawn from ground water sources /bulk suppliers/municipal tankers. The water requirement of the project during occupation stage is in the order of 838.7 KLD. The water requirement during construction will be from ground water sources and the requirement is in the order of 30 m3/day. The water requirement for the project during the occupation stage is presented in table 2.5. The water saving is presented in table 2.6.

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Table 2.5 Water Requirement of the Project No. of Water Total Water No. of Land Use Persons/ requirement per Requirement in Units unit person in l * KLD Tower 1 to 2 1180 5 135 796.5 Amenities 1 150 45 6.8 Visitors 2 15 35.4 TOTAL 838.7 *Water requirement as per NBC

Table 2.6 Water Saving Measures Treated Effective No. No. of Water water Water Land Use of Persons Requirement reuse/day Requirement Units /unit / KLD Kld in KLD Tower 1 to 2 1180 5 796.5 265.5 531.0 Amenities 1 150 6.8 3.0 3.8 Visitors 2 35.4 23.6 11.8 TOTAL 838.7 292.1 546.6

The effective water consumption is reduced by 292.1 KLD and the requirement will be in the order of 546.6 KLD. The water balance of the project during occupation stage is tabulated in table 2.7

Table 2.7 Water Balance Input KLD Output KLD Domestic water from Excess treated water will be sent to 546.6 374.4 HMWSSB sewer lines Recycled water 292.1 Recycled water 292.1 Water requirement for green belt during non-monsoon 4.4 Losses approx. 20% 167.7 Total 838.7 Total 838.7

The water used in the order of 838.7 KLD would generate 670.9 KLD of wastewater, which has to be treated for reuse and excess will be let in to municipal sewer lines. The effluent characteristics of wastewater are presented in table 2.8.

PROCESS DESCRIPTION: Introduction The Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) is a modification of activated sludge process designed to operate under non-steady state conditions also. An SBR operates in a true batch mode with aeration and sludge settlement both occurring in the same tank. The major differences between SBR and conventional continuous-flow, activated sludge system is that the SBR tank carries out the functions of equalization, aeration and

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sedimentation in a time sequence rather than in the conventional space sequence of continuous-flow systems. In addition, the SBR system can be designed with the ability to treat a wide range of influent volumes whereas the continuous system is based upon a fixed influent flow-rate. Thus, there is a degree of flexibility associated with working in a time rather than in a space sequence.

SBR’s produce sludge’s with good settling properties, provided the influent wastewater is admitted into the aeration in a controlled manner. Controls range from a simplified float and timer-based system with a PLC to a PC based SCADA system with color graphics using either flow proportional aeration or dissolved oxygen-controlled aeration to reduce aeration to reduce energy consumption and enhance the selective pressures for BOD, nutrient removal, and control of filaments. An appropriately designed SBR process is a unique combination of equipment and software. Working requirement. The majority of the aeration equipment of Sequential batch reactors consists of jet, fine bubble, and coarse bubble aeration systems.

The SBR process can be controlled with simple manual trained labor without any PLC, SCADA, as the labor cost is cheap in India. Simple timer switches, can be introduced for the Indian conditions of sustainability. This system can adopt to the changes in the influent quality of wastewater than any other process due to the change in the use of the chemicals / procedures as in case of the Hotels/ laundries etc.

Sequential Batch Reactor Process Cycles The operating principles of a batch activated sludge process, or SBR, are characterized in six discrete periods:

1. Anoxic Fill 2. Aerated fill 3. React 4. Settle 5. Decant 6. Idle.

Anoxic Fill The influent wastewater is distributed throughout the settled sludge through the influent distribution manifold to provide good contact between the microorganisms and the substrate. The influent can be either pumped in or allowed to flow in by gravity. Most of this period occurs without aeration to create an environment that favors the procreation of microorganisms with good settling characteristics. Aeration begins at the beginning of this period.

Aerated Fill Mixed liquor is drawn through the manifold, mixed with the influent flow in the motive liquid pump, and discharged, as motive liquid, to the jet aerator. This initiates the feast period. Feast is when the microorganisms have been in contact with the substrate and a large amount of oxygen is provided to facilitate the substrate consumption. Nitrification

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and denitrification occurs at the beginning of this stage. This period ends when the tank is either full or when a maximum time for filling is reached.

React During this period aeration continues until complete biodegradation of BOD and nitrogen is achieved. After the substrate is consumed famine stage starts. During this stage some microorganisms will die because of the lack of food and will help reduce the volume of the settling sludge. The length of the aeration period determines the degree of BOD consumption.

Settle Aeration is discontinued at this stage and solids separation takes place leaving clear, treated effluent above the sludge blanket. During this clarifying period no liquids should enter or leave the tank to avoid turbulence in the supernatant.

Decant This period is characterized by the withdrawal of treated effluent from approximately two feet below the surface of the mixed liquor by the floating solids excluding decanter. This removal must be done without disturbing the settled sludge.

Idle The time in this stage can be used to waste sludge or perform backwashing of the jet aerator. The wasted sludge is pumped to an anaerobic digester to reduce the volume of the sludge to be discarded. The frequency of sludge wasting ranges between once each cycle to once every two to three months depending upon system design.

Aeration Equipment: As usual with 'Activated sludge process'

Conclusion Wastewater treatment has been a challenge throughout the years due to varying influent chemical and physical characteristics and stringent effluent regulations. Treatment systems using activated sludge have been able to handle many of these difficulties. Given the lack of on-line computer controls, continuous flow systems have been mostly used for these purposes versus Sequential batch processes. The availability of artificial intelligence has now made the option of a SBR process more attractive thus providing better controls and results in wastewater treatment. This is coupled by the flexibility of a SBR in the treatment of variable flows, minimum operator interaction required, option for anoxic or anaerobic conditions in the same tank, good oxygen contact with microorganisms and substrate, small floor space, and good removal efficiency.

Sequential batch reactors operate by a cycle of periods consisting of fill, react, settle, decant, and idle. The duration, oxygen concentration, and mixing in these periods could be altered according to the needs of the particular treatment plant. Appropriate aeration and decanting is essential for the correct operations of these plants. The aerator should make the oxygen readily available to the microorganisms. The decanter

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should avoid the intake of floating matter from the tank. The many advantages offered by the SBR process justify the recent increase in the implementation of this process in industrial and municipal wastewater treatment.

SL. Name of the Unit Purpose 1N o. Bar Screen Chamber For removing unwanted floating materials. To even out the flow variations and continuous uniform 2 Equalization Tank mixing operations with course bubble. Activated Sludge Process for developing the bacterial culture, which stabilizes the waste using submerged aerators. The SBR will also act as Secondary clarifier during the settle process and as a pre-filtration tank 3 Sequencing Batch during the decant phase. During the decant phase only Reactor the supernatant is removed from the reactor and taken up for tertiary treatment. 4 Pressure Sand Filter To filter out suspended solids if any in the treated 5 Activated Carbon Filter Twato reer.mo ve color and Odor if any in the filtered water. To disinfect the treated water to make it safe to come 6 UV in contact with humans so that the treated water can be used for gardening / allied uses.

Table no 2.8 Characteristics of Waste water Parameter Quantity in mg/l PH 6.5 – 8.5 Total Suspended Solids 300 – 400 BOD 250 – 350 COD 500 – 600

Data Capacity : 840 m3/day or KLD Flow : 670 m3/day Influent BOD : 350 mg/lit Influent Suspended Solids : 300 mg/lit Influent COD : 600 mg/lit Effluent BOD : 20 mg/lit Effluent COD : 200 mg/lit Effluent Suspended Solids : 100 mg/lit

1. Bar Screen Chamber Flow rate : 102.50 m3/hr Peak factor : 3.00 Peak flow : 307.50 m3/hr Velocity through screen : 0.80 m/hr

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Clear area through rack opening : 384.38 Gross area : 1.20 times net area m (considering half Gross area : 461.25 pipe full flow) Assuming the inclination of screen of 60° to horizontal. Gross area of screen needed would be 1.0X0.80 Mt. for ease of maintenance.

2. Oil & Grease Trap (O&G) Flow Rate : 840.0 m3/day or KLD Average flow/Hourly flow : 34.2 m3/hr Peak factor : 2.50 Peak flow : 85.42 m3/hr Retention Period : 6.00 min

Volume of the tank : 8.54 m3 (Say8.5 m3) Side water depth : 1.00 m Surface Area required : 8.54 m2 length of the tank : 4.13 m (Say 4.5 m) Width of the tank : 2.07 m (Say 2.5 m)

3. Equalization tank Peak flow : 85.42 Hydraulic retention time : 3 hrs. at peak flow Volume of the tank : 256.3 m3 Assuming depth : 3.5 m Area : 73.2 m2 length of the tank : 10.0 m width of the tank : 7.3 m (Say 2.5 m) Area required : 73.21 m2 Diffuser required : 48.8 Nos. Diffuser adopted : 40.0 Nos. Diffuser size : 5" dia. disk diffuser air required : 200.0 m3/h

4.Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) Tank Flow Rate : 870 m3/day or KLD Volume of SBR tank : 670 KLD (80% of STP Capacity) No. of tanks in series : 2 m Capacity of each Tank : 410 KLD Number of Batch Per day : 5 /day/tank Batch Volume : 82.00 m³ Fill Fraction : 0.28 Reactor Volume Required : 292.9 m³

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Water Depth : 3.70 meter Surface Area Required : 79.2 m² width required : 8.0 meter Length required : 9.9 meter Area Proposed : 79.15 Diffuser reqd. : 29.68 Diffuser proposed : 26.00 Total diffuser required : 52.00 Diffusers size : 2 m long tubular diffuser Air Required : Inlet BOD : 350 mg/lit Batch volume : 82.0 m³ BOD load Per batch : 28.7 Kg Oxygen required : 44.49 Kg Aeration Time : 2.4 Hrs. Oxygen Required Rate : 18.54 Kg/Hrs Field correction Factor : 0.51 SOTR : 36.34 Kg/Hrs SOTE : 0.06 Water Depth : 3.50 m Air Required per tank : 627.05 m³/hr (Say 220)

Air Required Total Air required (Eq. Tank + SBR tank) : 750.00 m3/hr Add for others (10%) : 75.00 m3/hr Grand Total : 825.00 m3/hr Proposed Blower Capacity : 1200 m3/hr

5. Sludge Holding tank No. of Tanks : 2.00 Nos. Sludge weight : 985.00 kg/d Hydraulic retention time : 48.00 hrs. Sludge volume : 98.50 m3/d SHT Volume : 197.00 m3 Water Depth : 2.50 m surface Area : 78.80 m2 Length : 5.00 m Width reqd. : 15.76 m surface area adopted : 78.80 m2 diffuser required : 39.40 Nos. diffuser adopted : 5.00 Nos. diffuser size : 5"disk diffuser Air Required : 25.00 m3/hr

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6. Multi Grade Filter surface loading rate : 20 m³/m²/Hr Filtration rate proposed : 41 m³/Hr Nos. of filter : 1 filtration rate of each filter : 41 m³/Hr Area Required : 2.05 m² Dia Required : 1616.003 mm Dia Adopted : 1850 mm HOS : 1800 mm

7. Activated Carbon Filter: Surface loading rate : 20 m³/m²/Hr Filtration rate proposed : 41.0 m³/Hr Nos. of filter : 1.0 filtration rate of each filter : 41.0 m³/Hr Area Required : 2.05 m² Dia Required : 1616.0 mm Dia Adopted : 1850 mm HOS : 1800 mm

8. Treated water tank Number of tanks : 1 nos. Volume proposed for Tank-1 : 137 m³

9. Filter Press Sludge generation per day : 98.5 m3/d Size 25" X 25" X 10

Characteristics of Treated Waste water Parameter Quantity in mg/l pH 7 – 8 Total Suspended Solids 20 BOD 20 COD 50

Disposal of Treated Waste Water: It is proposed to reuse the treated wastewater for green belt development and for toilet flushing. Excess treated water shall be let out into the sewer line.

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Fig2.5 Sewage Treatment Plant

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2.2.1.3 Solid Waste Municipal Solid Waste Composition In India the biodegradable portion dominates the bulk of Municipal Solid Waste. Generally the biodegradable portion is mainly due to food and yard waste.

Table 2.9 Composition of Municipal Solid Waste Type Composition (%) Solid waste in kg Paper 8 296 Plastics 9 333 Metals 1 37 Glass 1 37 others 4 148 Biodegradable 48 1777 Inerts 25 926 Rags 4 148 Total 100 3703 (Source: NSWAI- National Solid Waste Association of India estimate)

Design Stage The total number of people anticipated to stay in the housing project is in the range of 8400-8500. The anticipated solid waste/garbage is in the range of 500 g/head, and the total garbage will be in the order of 3703 kg/day. The present practice is to collect the garbage from each flat using the services of NGO’s and send it to the segregation point by cycle-rickshaws. The area of Bachupally has no solid waste disposal plan, however residents of the surrounding layouts are sending their solid waste through the GHMC appointed NGO for collection. Table 2.10 presents the anticipated garbage quantity after occupation. The responsibility of garbage collection and disposal lies with municipality, however the project authorities propose to educate the residents to segregate the waste at source before disposal.

Table: 2.10. Solid Waste Generation

Total Solid No. of No. of Persons/ Total No. of Land Use waste in Kgs @ Units unit Persons 0.5 kg/head Tower 1 to 2 1180 5 5900 2950 Amenities 1 150 150 45 Visitors 2 2360 708 TOTAL 3703

2.2.2 CONSTRUCTION STAGE The sequence of construction operations and the approximate time requirement is presented in the following table 2.11. The construction sequence is for more number of floors and standard housing flats. The time schedule of the entire project is approximately 36 months.

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Table: 2.11 Construction Sequence S.No. Description of work 1 Clearing and Grubbing 2 Leveling by way of cut and fill 3 Foundation Excavation. 4 Foundation PCC & Concrete & Plinth Beam. 5 Column lifting up to GF Roof. 6 1st floor slab reinforcement & shuttering & Concreting. 7 Stair case slab 8 1st floor column lifting up to 1st floor roof. 9 1st floor roof shuttering, reinforcement & concreting. 10 Deshuttering of GF Roof & cleaning. 11 Deshuttering of 1st Roof & cleaning. 12 Brick work in GF floor. 13 Brick work in 1st floor. 14 Staircase up to terrace. 15 Staircase headroom slab. 16 Plumbing works (concealed works). Electrical conduit junction boxes & board fixing. Internal (GF & FF) Plastering works. External (GF & FF) 17 Fixing of door & window frames. 18 Plinth filling & floor PCC. 19 Floor Tiling Works, Bath Room, kitchen & platform works. 20 Staircase stone works. 21 Terrace waterproofing works. 22 Parapet wall in terrace & miscellaneous works. 23 Fixing of door & window shutters. 24 Fixing of sanitary fittings. 25 Electrical wiring & fixtures. 26 Painting works. 27 External development & compound wall.

The clearing and grubbing activity involves clearing of shrubs mainly as the land area is devoid of any trees due to biogenic pressures. The cut and fill operation for the entire area is presented in table 2.12.

Table 2.12 Earth Work Quantities Surplus fill S.No. Area Qty. of fill (m3) Qty. of cut (m3) Surplus cut (m3) (m3) 1 Site area 28266 35332 --- 7066

The construction of this magnitude would require huge quantities of construction materials. The material requirement for the project is presented in table 2.13.Thus aggregate requirement will be met from within the plant site. The lead distance for various construction materials is presented in table 2.14.

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Table: 2.13 Material Consumption Total Total Total BUA Total Ready Total Total Total Bricks Reinfo per Aggre Mix Cement Sand Water (Nos) rcement unit in gate Concrete (bags) (m3) (m3) x steel (m2) (m3) (m3) 1000 (MT) BUA 122723 50316 114132 47862 5277 29699 14236 2823 Total 122723 50316 114132 47862 5277 29699 14236 2823

Table: 2.14Lead Distance for Construction Materials Lead Distance S.No Material Source (Km) 1 Sand ROBOSAND and or Krishna or 100-150 Godavari river bed areas permitted by Govt. 2 Aggregate Crushers near to the site 10-30 3 Cement Company Dealers 100-150 4 Reinforcement Steel TATA / SAIL godowns 10-50 5 Bricks Local brick kiln 10-30 6 Plumbing Material Local Suppliers 2-7 7 Electrical Material Local Suppliers 2-7 8 Sanitary Material Local suppliers 2-7 8 Paints Local Suppliers 10-25 9 Ready Mix Concrete Local Batching Plants 10-50

2.2.2.1 Water Requirement The water required for this project is in the order of 29700 m3 for the entire project implementation period. The peak demand for water may be 70 m3/day, however typical daily consumption will be in the order of 30 m3/day. The required water will be drawn from ground water sources/bulk suppliers/municipal tankers. The water supply and plumbing will be optimized and low water consuming faucets and flush tanks will be used to conserve water.

2.2.2.2 Construction Debris The construction debris consists of various types of materials. The construction debris will be in both hazardous and non-hazardous categories. The hazardous debris consists empty containers of adhesives, thinners, paints, and petroleum products. These empty containers will be sold to authorize recycling agencies. The non hazardous wastes contain recyclable debris like iron and other metal, glass, plastics, cartons of paper, wood etc. These wastes will be sent for reuse/recycle. The waste percentage will be in the order of 2%. Construction debris containing bricks, demolished RCC will be used for land filling in the place of sub grade.

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2.2.2.3 Paints All the paints used in the premises will be ensured to have an albedo of at least 0.4 to increase the reflectivity and reduce the heat dissipation and heat island effects.

2.2.2.4 Work Force: The labor/work force requirement is approximately 10,000 man days of various skilled and unskilled employees. Sufficient labor force and skilled employees are available as Hyderabad is a favorite destination of skilled employees and migrating people from the rural areas. The peak labor force requirement will be in the order of 200 people and some of the labor force will be provided with temporary accommodation within the site. The labor force will be provided with a temporary toilet facilities connected to a septic tank followed by soak pit. The labor accommodation will provide accommodation to about 20families. The water requirement for the labor force will be approximately 2,000 lt/day.

2.2.2.5 Material preparation and transport Most of the construction material including aggregate will be drawn from outside. The material will be transported by trucks and the approximate number of truck trips are1000. The material transport within the site will be facilitated by required number of tippers. All grades of concrete will be procured from RMC suppliers. No stone crusher shall be installed at site. Aggregate for Road, pavements and floorings shall be procured through the metal suppliers in the required quantities.

2.2.3 OCCUPATION PHASE A number of facilities will be provided by project authorities for the occupants and the facilities are shown in table 2.15.

Table 2.15 Amenities Proposed Amenity Nos. or description Garbage segregation point 1 STP 1 Green Area 1597.87 m2 DG Sets 3 Nos. X 250 KVA

The owners/purchasers will form cooperative to run the amenities like sewage treatment plant, DG sets. The major requirement of resource is for electricity and water. The electricity will be drawn from TRANSCO. The power requirement during operation phase is presented in table 2.16and energy savings is presented in table 2.17.

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Table 2.16 Electricity Consumption Statement Total Total Connected Connected Total Max No. of Load Load Demand S.No Description Units Load in KW (KW) (kVA) (KVA) 1 Tower 1 to 2 1180 5 5900.0 7375.0 7375.0 2 Street Lights 150 0.04 6.0 7.5 6.0 3 Amenities 165.8 207.3 165.8 4 STP 1 170 170.0 212.5 212.5 5 Lifts 6 15 90.0 112.5 112.5 TOTAL 6331.8 7914.8 7871.8 Maximum demand in kw at 0.6 diversity factor 3799.1 Consumption of power for 8 hours per day 30392.7 Maximum demand in kw at 0.2 diversity factor 1266.4 Consumption of power for 16 hours per day 20261.8 Total consumption of power per day 50654.6 KW Total consumption of power per year 184.9 Lakh Units

Table 2.17 Energy Saving by using Solar Water Heater Power Total power No. of S.No Description allocated in required in Units watts / unit (KW) 1 Tower 1 to 2 450 2500 1125 TOTAL 1125 Maximum demand in kw at 1 diversity factor 1125 Consumption of power for 2 hours per day 2250 Maximum demand in kw at 0.4 diversity factor 450 Consumption of power for 2 hours per day 900 Total consumption of power per day 3150.0 KW Total consumption of power per year 11.50 Lakh Units

Table 2.18 Energy Saving by using Solar Street Lights Power Total power No. of S.No Description allocated in required in Units watts / unit (KW) 1 Street lights 50 40 2.0 TOTAL 2.0 Maximum demand in kw at 0.6 diversity factor 1.2 Consumption of power for 8 hours per day 10 Maximum demand in kw at full load 2 Consumption of power for 4 hours per day 8 Total consumption of power per day 17.6 KW Total consumption of power per year 0.06 Lakh Units saving with Solar Heater and Street Lighting 11.56 Lakh Units 2 - 21 Team Labs and Consultants

Urbanrise Builders LLP Environmental Impact Statement

Table 2.19 Electrical Power savings using CFL for lighting Power Total power Area in S.No Description allocated in required in m2 watts / unit (KW) 1 Residential 88746 10 887 2 Common & Utilities 33978 3.5 119 TOTAL 1006

Maximum demand in kw at 0.9 diversity factor 906 Consumption of power for 12 hours per day 10869 Total consumption of power per day 10868.9 KW Total consumption of power per year 39.67 Lakh Units Savings in power using CFL 11.90 Lakh Units

Table 2.20 Savings in Electrical Power Consumption – SUMMARY With Solar Total With Heater and S.No Description Consumption Total Saving CFL/LED Street lakh units Lighting Savings in lakh 1 11.90 11.56 23.46 kwh units 184.89 Savings in 2 6.44 6.25 12.7 percentage (%)

2.2.3.1 Domestic Water The domestic water will be drawn from HMWSSB to augment the supplies. The wastewater will be treated and reused for gardening. The line providing grey water will be colored blue and ensured that the tank is at least 1 foot below the level of other tanks and a distance of minimum 2 feet from the other water pipelines.

2.2.3.2 Solid Waste The solid wastes anticipated during occupation stage include garbage, sludge from STP, hazardous waste of used oils, and batteries from generators. The quantity of wastes is presented in table 2.21.

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Urbanrise Builders LLP Environmental Impact Statement

Table: 2.21 Solid Waste Generated during Occupation Phase

S. No. Type of Waste Quantity Collection/storage Disposal Segregation at source into Municipal solid bio-degradable, non bio- waste disposal degradable and Domestic Hazardous wastes. Disposal of recyclable 3703 1 Garbage waste to Authorized Waste kg/day Pickers / Authorized Recyclers. Balance segregated waste given to Authorized Agency of Local Body. Stored in HDPE bags. Used as Sewage manure and or 2 Treatment 40 kg/day given to Plant Sludge farmers. Sent to Authorized 10 nos. 3 Used Batteries recyclers or year returned to seller Stored in HDPE Carbouy Sold to 150 4 Used Lubricant authorized l/year recyclers Stored in HDPE Drum Sold to Transformer TRANSCO 5 220 l/year Oil authorized contractors

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Urbanrise Builders LLP Environmental Impact Statement

5.0 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN The project is envisaged to provide high-density housing to meet the growing demands for housing in the growing urban area of Hyderabad falling under Dundigul gandimaisamma Mandal in Dundigul. The area around the village has a number of educational institutions and residential development. The village is connected to Commercial IT parks of Hi-Tech city, IT-knowledge parks, Central University of Hyderabad. The demand for quality housing from this area will be partially met from this project, apart from the demand due to industrial nature of the surrounding areas. The village has a number of layouts and rapidly turning into a residential zone for various types of socio economic sectors.

5.1 PROJECT DETAILS The project will be spread over an area of 1.950 Hectares in survey nos. 594/A, 595/A, 597/AA, Dundigul, Gandimaisamma Dundigul Mandal, Medchal - Malkajgiri District. The site is surrounded by open lands in north and south directions. A 12 m wide road in east direction connecting Outer ring road and a proposed 36 m wide road in west direction. The nearest railway station is the Gowdavalli railway station located at a distance of 7.5 km.

It is proposed to provide 1180 units. The land allocation will be optimized to ensure compliance with the regulations of GHMC. The water requirement of the project during operation will be drawn from HMWSSB. Sewage treatment plant will be provided to treat the sewage. Water conservation measures will be incorporated in the plumbing designs. Water recycling/reuse will be adopted by way of using treated sewage for green belt development. The rainwater will be let-out into harvesting tank and excess discharged into storm water drains. The required power will be drawn from the TRANSCO. Solar Energy will be used for fencing, and partially for hot water in the apartments. The designs of the apartments will also incorporate Indian Architectural principles of “Vastu” as the market demands the same. Construction material will be drawn from local sources.

5.2 MAJOR FINDINGS OF THE EIS An EIS/EMP was conducted and the major findings of the EIS study are presented below;

5.3 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

Impact on Physical Resources Construction of proposed project requires huge quantities of natural resources like sand, sub grade and aggregate, and materials produced from natural resources like bricks, cement and steel. The material shall be drawn from local sources, and the lead distances range from 2 – 200 km. The impacts on physical resources of sand will be irreversible. While bricks will be brought from kilns which use Coal ash. The material requirement of steel, cement etc. will be purchased from manufacturers with in state. Hence, no major impacts on physical resources as regards the availability and procurement of construction material are anticipated due to the project.

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Impacts on Air Quality Impacts on air quality during construction stage are likely to be due to operation of construction yards, material transport on trucks and fugitive emissions from the construction sites. The model results for occupation stage show slight increase in the air quality and in worst concentrations are falling within the site, and the results are with in the prescribed limits.

Impacts on Noise Quality Impacts on noise quality during construction stage will be significant. Hence the construction near the habitation is proposed only during daytime. The impacts during occupation stage will be on the plots adjacent to the road. Construction workers will be provided with protection equipment to guard against the noise impacts. Noise mitigating measures will be suggested for construction equipment and DG sets.

Impact on Flora The project site and its surroundings do not form a habitat to any endangered flora. There are very few trees within the project site due to anthropogenic pressures. The project will enhance the aesthetics of the site due to the provision of avenue plantation and central greening. This would ensure minimum impact on flora.

Impact on Fauna As there are no endangered species of wild life in and around the project site, it is likely to have minimal impact. The avifauna will find abode on the trees proposed to be planted. This would enhance the aesthetics of the area. Pet animal faeces may lead to pollution of water shed if allowed to join storm water drains.

Impact on Land use There is no land acquisition for this project. The land use of the site fallow land and classified as residential by GHMC. However, the topography of the land being rocky plains involves cut and fill operations where there is an excess of cut. Erosion and sedimentation are impacts anticipated during construction. Mitigation measures shall be adopted to avoid the same. The area development would increase the housing activity in the surroundings, which is a positive impact, as barren lands will be used for productive usage, and the negative impacts will be pressure on the infrastructure facilities.

Impact on Surface Water Resources The degradation of water quality can occur during construction phase from increased sediment load into watercourses near the construction site. Suitable mitigation measures proposed, as part of the EMP will ensure that the residual impacts are minimal. Storm water runoff would increase due to the increase in impervious surface, and rainwater-harvesting structures will be provided as mitigation measure. The design of the storm water drain will consider the additional runoff. The urban storm water joining the storm water drain may carry pollutants from imperious surface.

Impact on Ground Water Resources Ground water shall be drawn during construction and will be used to augment the municipal supply during non-monsoon season if necessary. Exploitation of ground water will have an impact and the same shall be restricted to ensure resource

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conservation. This impact will be marginal, as the ground water will not be drawn continuously.

Impact on Human Use Values The dominant land use in the area is commercial and residential, and expected commercial space will increase the pressure on the residential localities. There is no additional requirement and or acquisition of land. The project authorities will provide road safety measures to reduce risk of accidents in the internal roads. The impact on Human use values is marginal.

5.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES PROPOSED A description of the various management measures during the various stages of the project is provided in the following sections.

5.4.1 Pre-construction stage During the design and preconstruction stage the management proposes to comply with the regulations of town planning, explore the availability of sufficient resources, provide plantation and sink bore wells after obtaining the necessary permissions, obtain all necessary permissions from various statutory authorities after obtaining the relevant permissions.

5.4.2 Construction stage This will be the most crucial and active stage for the Environmental Management Plan. In addition to the monitoring of the construction activity itself to the pollution levels within permissible limits, mitigation and enhancement measures for water resources will go on simultaneously as the construction progresses. To facilitate implementation of the enhancement and mitigation measures suggested, working drawings of the same would be prepared after completion of detailed project report. In addition, the need for a balanced evaluation and planning for risks associated with construction activities related to housing project will be part of the supervising Contractors responsibility.

The resource conservation by way of identification of materials and construction debris recycle/disposal will be formulated by the supervising consultants. The responsibility of environment management plan lies with the project authorities who would implement the plan in consultation with other consultants, by including appropriate provisions in the contract/sub contract documents and providing the necessary facilities.

5.4.3 Operation stage The environment management plan will be implemented by owners associations/societies, where project authorities are co-opted as members, and while the management plan related to the utilities like roads, street lighting and common open spaces lies with the Municipality. The management in operation stage will essentially entail maintenance of sewage treatment plant, maintenance of utilities, and monitoring activity in the project site. Monitoring for pollutants specified in the Monitoring Plan will serve the two purposes. In addition to checking the efficiency of the protection/mitigation/enhancement measures implemented, this will help verify or

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refute the predictions made as a part of the impact assessment. Thus, it will complete a very important feedback loop for the housing project.

The measures adopted and/or to be adopted during different stages of the project have been detailed in table 5.1.

Table 5.1 Environmental Management Plan and Action Plan Environmental Enhancement/ Management Action Issues/Impacts Mitigation Measures PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE The layout design shall  Following the FSI  Consultants for various activities are be on the basis of town prescribed and or identified and mandate given to planning rules of GHMC. reducing the FSI. identify environmentally sound  Provision of additional practices and resource conservation parking measures.  Enhancement of open space area into a park.  Provision of avenue plantation.  Provision of storm water drains, for infiltration, filtration, flow dissipation and sediment control.  Provision for disposal of storm water and treated wastewater. CONSTRUCTION PHASE Dust generation due to  Roads in the  Plantation to be ensured construction activities. construction area will  Horticulturists to identify the species. be sprinkled with water  Supervising consultants/contractor to to reduce the raising of ensure the water sprinkling dust.  Plantation taken up at initial stage. Exhaust gases from  Vehicle and equipment  Contractors to be educated and heavy machinery and maintenance. supervising consultant to ensure the transportation of  PUC for all transport same. materials vehicles.  Avoidance of idling of equipment. Sedimentation of storm  Avoiding stockpiles of  Architects, in consultation with water during rainy materials near natural Supervision consultants should season drains. identify the measures needed.  Provision of filter fence

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Environmental Enhancement/ Management Action Issues/Impacts Mitigation Measures  Provision of storm water drains wherever possible before the beginning of construction. Sewage transfer  Lead bearing piping to  Project authorities, and plumbing be avoided consultant in coordination with the Supervision consultant should implement the same. Sewage Treatment  Sewage to be treated in  STP shall be provided by the project the STP and authorities and ensured that the reused/disposed. design of STP is optimised to meet the prescribed standards with energy efficiency. Alteration of Drainage  Storm water drains to  Architects in consultation with follow the natural sanitary engineering consultants. course as far as  Supervision consultant to ensure the possible. same.  Storm water drains to have a minimum water velocity of 1 m/s and a maximum 3 m/s.  Minimum width of 0.6 meters and depth based on the gradient.  Provision of rainwater harvesting structures Ground water drawl  Water conservation  Sub contractors to be educated on measures during water conservation measures. construction. Loss of productive soil  The site area is rocky.  Supervision consultant to ensure the Topsoil to be stock piled same in consultation with separately with 1:2 horticulturist and architect. slope and reused for greening purpose. Soil Erosion  Cut and fill operation to  Supervision consultant to ensure the be done during non- same in consultation with project monsoon season. authorities.  Silt fence to ensure silt does not enter storm water drains.  Side slopes will be kept flatter wherever possible, and in case of

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Environmental Enhancement/ Management Action Issues/Impacts Mitigation Measures steeper slopes it is mulched. Compaction of Soil  Movement of Architects to identify the road areas. construction vehicles preferably in the proposed road areas.  Heavy vehicle movement restricted in central green area.  Ploughing the area after construction. Contamination of Soil  Vehicle washing and  Subcontractors and Project machinery washing to authorities should ensure. be avoided in site.  Designate the parking areas  Parking of vehicles and  Provision of Garbage bin by project maintenance of vehicles authorities and arrangements to be to be avoided in site. for disposal of the same.  Disposal of solid wastes by construction camps to be made in garbage bins only.  Accidental Leakage and spillage of fuels and other construction materials to be controlled by providing road signs and covered trucks.

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Environmental Enhancement/ Management Action Issues/Impacts Mitigation Measures Natural Resource  Identify sand  The design team in consultation with consumption availability from project authorities and supervision government authorised consultants must identify the locations. suppliers.  Identify and use bricks from coal ash users.  Aggregate to be made from the excess materials of cut operations.  Identify and use recycled steel wherever possible.  Proper availability of drinking water and sanitation facilities.

Damage to services  Relocation of any po-  Potentially affected services running parallel or tentially affected ser- identified in design stage. across the site during vices prior to com-  Service undertakers to be notified for construction leading to mencement of any relocation and necessary interruption in supply construction works programming to avoid construction  Contractors to be re- delays (incl. payments). sponsible for identifying  Relocation works to be completed by and safeguarding statutory undertakers before services adjacent to construction works proceed in works and for com- accordance with an agreed pensating statutory programme. undertakers for any Inclusion of appropriate clauses in accidental damage to construction contracts; monitoring of such services. compliance during construction and proper administration of contracts. Fire Prevention  Adopt safe work prac-  Provision of adequate fire fighting tice and have adequate equipment fire fighting facilities. Noise Pollution from  Noise causing activities  Inclusion of appropriate clauses in heavy machinery, and near residential areas to construction contracts; monitoring of transportation. be conducted during compliance during construction and daytime. proper administration of contracts.  Maintenance of equipment and vehicles to mitigate noise generation. Pressures on  Identification of  Transporting the materials during

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Environmental Enhancement/ Management Action Issues/Impacts Mitigation Measures Infrastructure alternative routes for nighttime. transport of materials  Consultation with TRANSCO by from outside the site project authorities. preferably using inner ring road.  Transport of materials during non-peak hours.  Installing Electrical Transformer if necessary based on TRANSCO advise to avoid power fluctuations in the site and also the neighbouring residential areas. Construction debris  Construction debris to  Provision of waste disposal site for be used for aggregate waste from construction and storage and or sub grade yard. purpose in the case of  Supervision consultant in consultation RCC. with the sub contractors.  Recyclable metals to be  Inclusion of appropriate clauses in collected and sold to construction contracts; monitoring of recyclers. compliance during construction and  Avoidance of excess proper administration of contracts. inventory of materials.  Packing materials to be sent for reuse/recycling.  Hazardous waste containers to be returned to seller/authorised recyclers. Plantation and  Soil reclamation  Horticulture consultant shall prepare Environmental  Use of top soil the plan for soil reclamation and use greening.  Initiation of plantation of topsoils in consultation with architects and supervision consultants. Social Impacts  Additional employment  Qualified locals to be chosen for to locals. employment. Occupational Safety and  Construction workers  Ensure adequacy and availability of Health are provided with per- Personal protective equipments. sonal protective  Project authorities to ensure equipment (PPE) such as compliance with statutory

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Environmental Enhancement/ Management Action Issues/Impacts Mitigation Measures earplugs, helmets, requirements. safety shoes, gloves,  Project authorities to fence the etc. boundaries to avoid unauthorised  Follow the relevant trespassing. statutory guidelines  Comply with Building construction acts.  The premises shall be fenced and no trespassing be allowed. OCCUPATION STAGE Urban Heat Island Effect  Cool roof  Cool roof with light shades having low  Green roof albedo values to be provided.  Vegetation  Vegetation to be provided by  Cool Pavements horticulturist for the avenues, and central green  Pavements will be made impervious for footpaths and jogging paths by provision of pavers.  Pervious roads using pavers on compacted soils. Dust Generation from  Avenue plantation.  Horticulturist should ensure avenue traffic.  Maintenance of roads plantation by way of sweeping.  The managing committees should ensure maintenance of avenue plantation.  Local Panchayath authorities should ensure the road maintenance. Generation of Exhaust  Avenue plantation.  To be maintained by the cooperative gases from transport  Rule to allow only society and utilities. vehicles with PUC.  To be implemented by the  Proper maintenance of cooperative society. vehicles.  To be maintained by individual  Stack heights of the DG owners. sets must be provided  Project authorities must ensure that as per CPCB guidelines the DG sets are provided with and the emission levels acoustic enclosures and proper stack should meet the CPCB heights. standards. Sewage Management  All Sewage will be  A Cooperative society (society) of owners collected by underground will maintain the STP, and sewerage. drainage system.  Local body authorities will be appraised  The sewage will be during rainy season when excess

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Environmental Enhancement/ Management Action Issues/Impacts Mitigation Measures treated in sewage quantities are released into the drain. treatment plant  Treated water lines will be colored blue  The treated sewage is and a distance of 2 feet will be reused for on land maintained from the other lines by the irrigation for the project authorities. development of green  Records of influent and treated effluent belt. quality and quantity should be  Treated water line will be maintained by the society, and the provided in apartments treatment must be ensured to meet the for reuse for flushing. standards prescribed by GSR 422 E.  Excess sewage will be let out into drains Storm water  Storm water will be  Storm water drain system and Management disposed into storm disposal point to be provided by the water drain provided by project authorities. local authorities.  Rain water-harvesting structures to  Storm water drains will be provided by project authorities. be maintained  Maintenance of storm water drains periodically before by Local body authorities and the monsoon. society of residents shall oversee the  Accidental discharges same. spillages will not be  Sweeping by municipal authorities to allowed to join storm be supervised by the society. water drains.  Pet owners/all residents informed  Roads, pavements and about pet refuse disposal. Society to other surfaces are ensure the same. swept regularly.  Rainwater harvesting structures will be connected to all residential areas and maintained periodically to remove sediment.  Washings of the front portions and porticos should be avoided as it may join the drain and sweeping should be preferred. Ground water usage  Ground water sources  Ground water to be used sparingly to be used during non and water conservation measures to availability of sufficient be adopted, society shall educate and supplies from HMWSSB. implement among residents.  Occupants not allowed  Society holds the responsibility of

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Environmental Enhancement/ Management Action Issues/Impacts Mitigation Measures to sink bore wells. bore wells in the campus. Water Conservation  Water conservation  Society to educate the residents and Measures measures to be adopted provide a book let of measures to to reduce resource reduce water consumption. consumption. Loss of productive soil  Plot owners to be  Society to educate the residents. educated about importance greening to avoid loss of productive soil. Solid Wastes  Solid waste/garbage to  The project authorities to make be collected in green arrangements with the Local and blue dustbins. The authority. green bin to be filled  The society shall educate the with Biodegradable segregation of wastes kitchen waste, while the  The society shall ensure the transfer blue dustbin to be filled of wastes to the segregation point. with recyclable waste  Society shall interact with the local like glass, plastic, papers body and implement the etc. management plan updated if any.  The biodegradable  The project authorities must identify wastes to be removed the users for STP sludge and everyday while the authorised recyclers for hazardous recyclable wastes to be wastes and inform the society for removed once a week implementation. from each residence.  The dustbins along the streets to be emptied once a day by the society and or its representative NGO.  Solid waste/garbage to be picked by society or its representative NGO.  Transporting the garbage to segregation point by NGO.  Local body authorities shall transport the wastes to dump yard at Jawaharnagar or other designated location.  The sludge from the STP may be used as manure

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Environmental Enhancement/ Management Action Issues/Impacts Mitigation Measures for greening program is disposed to farmers.  The used oils and used batteries, and used transformer oils should be sent to authorised recyclers. Consumption of natural The major natural  Consumption of natural resources resource resource consumed shall be optimised by education and during occupation stage conservation measures by the is ground water during Society. in sufficient availability of water from HMWSSB. Noise Levels  Noise levels due to  The project authorities shall ensure traffic, and other that the material of construction shall livelihood activity will use best sound transmission class increase in the area and materials to ensure that the sound the mitigation measures levels with in the residence are within of construction and the prescribed limits for residential Greening will reduce the areas. same.  Avenue plantation should be  Noise levels from DG completed before the occupation sets to be mitigated by stage to ensure that the noise levels the provision of acoustic are mitigated. enclosures.  The project authorities must ensure  Noise levels during the provision of acoustic enclosures festivals and other to the DG sets. community functions. The society must ensure that the noise from public address systems if any during festivals should follow the guidelines of police and local body. Society must educate the residents about the noise level mitigation measures suggested by various agencies during festivals.

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Environmental Enhancement/ Management Action Issues/Impacts Mitigation Measures Traffic Volumes and  Traffic volumes will  The colony roads shall not be made a parking facilities increase over a period of thoroughfare and the project time and put pressure on authorities shall ensure the same by the infrastructure. declaring the project a gated  Subsequent increase in community. air pollution loads on the  The project authorities must ensure project site and its public transport bus stations in the surroundings. immediate vicinity of the site and the  Provision of car parking maximum distance from the residence facilities in the residential and the bus stand should be less than 1 areas over and above the km. prescribed number.  The society should educate and  Provision of Parking at encourage public transport by road, common amenities like MMTS by rail and car pool systems by club house, residential providing incentives like awards etc. areas.  Parking facility should not be converted  Traffic and road safety into living space/commercial space by signals to be provided. the residents and the society must ensure the same during the occupation stage.  The project authorities must provide the traffic and road safety signals in the project. Two way mirrors must be provided at blind corners. Flora  The impacts on flora are  The Project authorities to ensure due to air pollution from greening the central open space and exhaust of vehicles to avenue plantation. be mitigated by the  Horticulturists to assist the residents choice of species. in identifying the plant species with  The flora of the site an objective of reducing the energy shall increase with the costs and mitigating the urban heat greening program in the island effect. central green  The society should participate in area/totlots and other urban greening programs of GHMC open spaces. and Municipality actively.  The flora of the site shall increase with the greening plans for the houses.  The impacts on the surrounding area fauna will be minimal and yet the residents to participate actively in

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Environmental Enhancement/ Management Action Issues/Impacts Mitigation Measures community greening of the surroundings. Fauna/pets  Pet refuse should be  The society must educate the removed and dumped in residents and ensure the same. the dustbins only and should not be allowed into storm water drains. Energy Conservation  The white goods used  The project authorities shall install by the residents should CFLs in all common areas and green have optimum energy areas. consumption.  The society shall collect and  Usage of Compact disseminate information regarding fluorescent lamps in the household white goods and their common areas, park energy efficiency. areas and in the residences. Fire Safety  Apartments shall be  The project authorities must provide provided with fire safety the measures and obtain the NOC measures as per the fire from the Director general of fire safety regulations. safety.

5.5 IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS The responsibility of implementing the mitigation measures lies with M/s Urbanrise Builders LLP during design and construction stages while the responsibility lies with the cooperative owner’s society and the bhachupally authorities during occupation stage. All construction activities taken up by the project authorities will be supervised by the Supervision Consultant (SC). Implementation schedule will be worked for phase wise implementation of the mitigation measures after completion of detailed designs. In the pre-construction phase of the project the supervision consultants shall review the EMP to identify environmental and social issues and arrive at a suitable strategy for implementation. The activities to be carried out and the target dates will be worked out after completion of detailed designs.

5.6 INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING The management of M/s Urbanrise Builders LLP will evaluate the organizational structure with respect to inadequacies in implementing the environment management plans. The housing project is typical as the responsibility of management lies with the owners/residents during occupation stage. The owners form a cooperative society/association to manage the utilities and common areas in a normal case. The common areas, electrical supply, street lighting, open space of central green will be taken over and managed by the local body and TRANSCO. The role of residents is limited to being stakeholders with little say in the day-to-day matters; this issue must be addressed by the town planning agencies and the government. The Environment Management Plan envisages on-site monitoring of construction activities for environmental pollution and will involve collection of samples and their subsequent

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analysis. For this purpose two chemists would be required especially when the implementation of the two phases goes on simultaneously. Induction of two more assistant engineers, one each for the biophysical and social environment will also be necessary.

5.7 TRAINING The existing supervising staff and the additional staff have to be trained to effectively carry out.  Co-ordinate, with supervision consultants and contractors on compliance monitoring of mitigation measures during construction phase.  Monitoring of environmental components in the operation stage;  Co-ordinate with concerned departments on environmental issues;  Environmental impact studies for future housing projects;  Liase with State and Government of India on fiscal policies to reduce environmental pollution from housing activity.

5.8 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

5.8.1 Introduction The environmental monitoring programme provides such information on which management decision may be taken during construction and occupation phases. It provides basis for evaluating the efficiency of mitigation and enhancement measures and suggest further actions that need to be taken to achieve the desired effect. The monitoring includes: (i) Visual observations; (ii) Selection of environmental parameters at specific locations; (iii) Sampling and regular testing of these parameters.

5.8.2 Objectives The objectives of the environmental monitoring programme are:  Evaluation of the efficiency of mitigation and enhancement measures;  Updating of the actions and impacts of baseline data;  Adoption of additional mitigation measures if the present measures are insufficient;  Generating the data, which may be incorporated in environmental management plan in future projects.

5.8.3 Methodology Monitoring methodology covers the following key aspects:  Components to be monitored;  Parameters for monitoring of the above components;  Monitoring frequency;  Monitoring standards;  Responsibilities for monitoring;  Direct responsibility,  Overall responsibility;  Monitoring costs.

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Environmental monitoring of the parameters involved and the threshold limits specified are discussed below.

5.8.4 Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Monitoring Ambient air quality parameters recommended for road transportation developments are Particulate Matter (PM10), Particulate Matter (PM2.5), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)and Lead (Pb). These are to be monitored at designated locations starting from the commencement of construction activity. Data should be generated over three days at all identified locations in accordance to the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (Table 5.2) location, duration and the pollution parameters to be monitored and the responsible institutional arrangements are detailed out in the Environmental Monitoring Plan.

Table 5.2 National Ambient Air Quality Standards S. No Pollutant Time Concentration in Ambient Air Weighted Industrial, Ecological Methods of Average Residential Sensitive Area Measurement , Rural and (Notified by Other Area Central Government) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 1 Sulphur Dioxide Annual* 50 20 Improved west 3 (SO2), µg/m and Gaeke 24 50 50 Ultraviolet Hours** fluorescence 2 NitrogenDioxide Annual* 40 30 Modified Jacob & 3 (NO2), µg/m Hochheiser (Nn- 24 50 50 Arsenite) Hours** Chemiluminescen ce 3 Particulate Annual* 60 60 Gravimetic Matter (Size Less TOEM than 10µm) or 24 100 100 Beta Attenuation 3 PM10 µg/m Hours** 4 Particulate Annual* 40 40 Gravimetic Matter (Size Less TOEM than 2.5µm) or 24 60 60 Beta Attenuation 3 PM2.5 µg/m Hours** 5 Ozone (O3) 5 hours** 100 100 UV Photometric µg/m3 Chemilminescenc 1 hour** 150 150 e Chemical Method 6 Lead (Pb) µg/m3 Annual* 0.50 0.50 AAS /ICP method after sampling on 24 hours** 1.0 1.0 EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper ED-XRF using

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S. No Pollutant Time Concentration in Ambient Air Weighted Industrial, Ecological Methods of Average Residential Sensitive Area Measurement , Rural and (Notified by Other Area Central Government) Teflon filter 7 Carbon 5 hours** 02 02 Non Dispersive Monoxide (CO) Infra Red (NDIR) mg/m3 1 hour** 04 04 Spectroscopy 5 Ammonia (NH3) Annual* 100 100 Chemilminescenc µg/m3 24 hours** 400 400 e Indophenol blue method Gas Chromotography based continuous Benzene (C6H6) analyzer 9 Annual* 05 05 µg/m3 Absorption and Desorption followed by GC analysis 10 Benzo(o)Pyrene( Annual* 01 01 Solvent BaP) – extraction Particulate Phase followed by only, ng/m3 HPLC/GC analysis 11 Arsenic (As), Annual* 06 06 AAS/ICP method ng/m3 after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper 12 Nickel (Ni), Annual* 20 20 AAS/ICP method ng/m3 after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper Source: Anon 1996-97, National Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Series NAQMS/a/1996- 97, Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi. *Average Arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken for a week 24 hourly at uniform interval. **24 hourly/5 hourly values should meet 95percent of the time in a year

5.8.5 Water Quality Monitoring The physical and chemical parameters recommended for analysis of water quality relevant to road development projects are pH, total solids, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, oil and grease, COD, chloride, lead, zinc and cadmium. The location, duration and the pollution parameters to be monitored and the responsible institutional arrangements are detailed in the Environmental Monitoring Plan. The monitoring of the water quality is to be carried out at all identified locations in

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accordance to the Indian Standard Drinking Water Specification – IS 10500: 1991 (stated in table 5.3)

Table 5.3 Indian Standard Drinking Water Specifications – IS: 10500:1991 Require Undesirable Effect Methods of Sl Substance or ment Outside the Test (Ref. Remarks No Characteristics (Desirabl Desirable Limit To IS) Alternate Absence of Absence e Limit) in Limit the ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS 1 Colour, Hazen 5 Above 5, consumer 25 3025 (Part 4) Extended to 25 only units, Max. acceptance 1953 if toxic substances decreases are not suspected, in absence of alternate sources 2 Odour Unobject - - 3025 (Parts a) Test cold and ionable 5):1954 when heated b) Test at several dilutions 3 Taste Agreeabl - - 3025 (Part 7 Test to be conducted e and 5) only after safety has 1954 been established 4 Turbidity NTU, 5 Above 5, consumer 10 3025 (Part 10) - Max. acceptance 1954 decreases 5 pH Value 6.5 to Beyond this range, No 3025 (Part 11) - 5.5 the water will relaxati 1954 affect the mucous on membrane and/or water supply system 6 Total 300 Encrustation in 600 3025 (Part 21) - hardness (as water supply 1953 CaCO3) mg/l, structure and Max adverse effects on domestic use 7 Iron (as Fe) 0.3 Beyond this limit 1 32 of 3025 : - mg/l, Max taste/appearance 1964 are affected, has adverse effect on domestic uses and water supply structures, and promotes iron bacteria 5 Chlorides (as 250 Beyond this limit, 1000 3025 (Part - taste, corrosion

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Require Undesirable Effect Methods of Sl Substance or ment Outside the Test (Ref. Remarks No Characteristics (Desirabl Desirable Limit To IS) Alternate Alternate Absence of of Absence e Limit) in the Limit CI) mg/l, Max and palatability are 32) affected 1955 9 Residual, free 0.2 - - 3025 (Part 26) To be applicable chlorine, mg/l, 1956 only when water is Min chlorinated. Tested at consumer end. When protection against viral infection is required, it should be Min 0.5 mg/l DESIRABLE CHARACTERISTICS 1 Dissolved 500 Beyond this 2000 3025 (Part 16) - solids mg/l, palatability 1954 Max decreases and may cause gastro intestinal irritation 2 Calcium (as 75 Encrustation in 200 3025 (Part 40) - Ca) mg/l, Max water supply 1991 structure and adverse effects on domestic use 3 Magnesium 30 Encrustation to 100 16, 33, 34 of - (as Mg), mg/l, water supply IS 3025: 1964 Max structure and adverse effects on domestic use 4 Copper (as 0.05 Astringent taste, 1.5 36 of 3025: - Cu) mg/l, Max discoloration and 1964 corrosion of pipes, fitting and utensils will be caused beyond this 5 Manganese 0.1 Beyond this limit 0.3 35 of 3025: - (as Mn) mg/l, taste/appearance 1964 Max are affected, has adverse effects on domestic uses and water supply structures 6 Sulphate (as 200 Beyond this causes 400 3025 (Part 24) May be extended

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200 SO4) mg/l, gastro intestinal 1956 up to 400 provided Max irritation when (as Mg) does not magnesium or exceed 30 sodium are present 7 Nitrate (as 45 Beyond this, may 100 3025 (Part 34) - NO2) mg/l, cause 1955 Max methaemoglobine mia 5 Fluoride (as F) 1 Fluoride may be 1.5 23 of 3025: - mg/l, Max kept as low as 1964 possible. High fluoride may cause fluorosis 9 Phenolic 0.001 Beyond this, it may 0.002 54 of 3025: - compounds cause 1964 (As C6H5OH) objectionable taste mg/l, Max and odour 10 Mercury (as 0.001 Beyond this, the No (see Note) To be tested when Hg) mg/l, Max water becomes relaxati Mercury ion pollution is toxic on analyser suspected 11 Cadmium (as 0.01 Beyond this, the No (See note) To be tested when Cd), mg/l, water becomes relaxati pollution is Max toxic on suspected 12 Selenium (as 0.01 Beyond this, the No 25 of 3025: To be tested when Se), mg/l, Max water becomes relaxati 1964 pollution is toxic on suspected 13 Arsenic (As 0.05 Beyond this, the No 3025 (Part 37) To be tested when As) mg/l, max water becomes relaxati 1955 pollution is toxic on suspected 14 Cyanide (As 0.05 Beyond this limit, No 3025 (Part 27) To be tested when CN), mg/l, the water becomes relaxati 1956 pollution is Max toxic on suspected 15 Lead (as Pb), 0.05 Beyond this limit, No (see note) To be tested when mg/l, Max the water becomes relaxati pollution is toxic on suspected

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Require Undesirable Effect Methods of Sl Substance or ment Outside the Test (Ref. Remarks No Characteristics (Desirabl Desirable Limit To IS) Alternate Alternate Absence of of Absence e Limit) in the Limit 16 Zinc (As Zn). 5 Beyond this limit it 15 39 of 3025: To be tested when Mg/l, Max can cause astringent 1964) pollution is taste and an suspected opalescence in water 17 Anionic 0.2 Beyond this limit it 1 Methylene- To be tested when detergents (As can cause a light blue pollution is MBAS) mg/l, froth in water extraction suspected Max method 15 Chromium (As 0.05 May be No 35 of 3025: To be tested when Cr6+) mg/l, carcinogenic above relaxati 1964 pollution is Max this limit on suspected 19 Poly nuclear - May be - - - aromatic carcinogenic above hydrocarbons this limit (as PAH) g/1, Max 20 Mineral oil 0.01 Beyond this limit un- 0.03 Gas - mg/l, Max desirable taste and Chromatogra odour after chlorina- phic method tion take place 21 Pesticides Absent Toxic 0.001 - - mg/l, Max 22 Radioactive materials: 55 of - 3025:01964 23 a) Alpha - - 0.1 - - emitters Bq/l, Max 24 Beta - - 1 - - emiterspci/1, Max 25 Aluminium (as 200 Beyond this limit 600 13 of - Al), mg/l, Max taste becomes 3025:1964 unpleasant 26 Aluminium (as 0.03 Cumulative effect 0.2 31 of 3025: - Al), mg/l, Max is reported to 1964 cause dementia 27 Boron, mg/l, 1 - 5 29 of 3025: - Max 1964 Source: Indian Standard Drinking Water Specification-IS10500:1991

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5.8.6 Noise Level Monitoring The measurements for monitoring noise levels would be carried out at all designated locations in accordance to the Ambient Noise Standards formulated by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in 1959 (refer) Sound pressure levels would be monitored on twenty -four-hour basis. Noise should be recorded at a “A” weighted frequency using a “slow time response mode” of the measuring instrument. The location, duration and the noise pollution parameters to be monitored and the responsible institutional arrangements are detailed in the Environmental Monitoring Plan (table 5.5)

Table 5.4 Noise level standards (CPCB) Noise level for Day Noise level for Type Time Leq dB(A) Night Time dB(A) Industrial area 75 70 Commercial area 65 55 Residential area 55 45 Silence zone 50 40 Day time - 6.00 am - 9.00 pm (15 hours) Night time - 9.00 pm - 6.00 am (9 hours)

The monitoring plan along with the environmental parameters and the time frame is presented in the table5.5 environmental monitoring plan

Table 5.5 Environmental Monitoring Plan Institutional MONITORING Responsibilities Paramet Special Standar Freque Impleme Supervis Location Duration

Environment Environment component Project Stage ers Guidance ds ncy ntation ion PM10, High Air Location Once Continuo Contract Environ PM2.5, volume (Preven of every us 24 or mental SO2, sampler to tion construc season hours/ through Engineer NOX, CO, be located and tion area for 2 or for 1 ts - , GHMC HC 50 m from Control years full proved the plant in of working moni-

Air Air the down- Pollu- day toring wind direction) agency tion. Use Rules,

Construction stage stage Construction method CPCB, specified by 1994 CPCB for analysis

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Institutional MONITORING Responsibilities Paramet Special Standar Freque Impleme Supervis Location Duration

Environment component Project Stage ers Guidance ds ncy ntation ion PM10, High Air Location Once Continuo Contract Environ PM2.5, Volume (Preven of every us 24 or mental Sampler to tion construc month hours/ through Engineer be located and tion area for 2 or for 1 ts - , M/s 40 m from Control years full proved Urbanris the ROW in of working moni- e the down- Pollu- day toring Builders wind direction) agency LLP tion. Use Rules,

Construction stage stage Construction method CPCB, specified by 1994 CPCB for analysis PM10, High Air Ambar Thrice Continuo Society Society PM2.5, Volume (Preven in us SO2, NOx, Sampler to tion occupa 24 hours CO, Pb, be located and tion HC at 15 m Control stage. from the of Decem edge of Pollu- ber pavement tion) 2018, Rules, Januar Occupation stage stage Occupation CPCB, y 2018 1994 and Januar y 2020 pH, BOD, Grab Water End of - Contract Environ COD, sample quality 1.Ambar sum- or mental TDS, TSS, collected standar Cheruvu mer through Engineer DO, Oil & from ds by and before ts - , M/s Grease source and CPCB Bachupa the proved Urbanris and Pb analyse as lly onset moni- e per Cheruvu of toring Builders Standard mon- agency LLP Methods soon

Water Quality Water for every

Construction stage stage Construction Examinatio year n of Water for 2 and years Wastewate r

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Institutional MONITORING Responsibilities Paramet Special Standar Freque Impleme Supervis Location Duration

Environment component Project Stage ers Guidance ds ncy ntation ion pH, Grab Water 1. Ambar End of - M/s M/s BOD,CO sample quality 3.STP sum- Urbanris Urbanris D,TDS,TS collected standar Influent mer e e S, DO, from ds by 4.STP before Builders Builders Pb, Oil source and CPCB treated the LLP LLP and analyses as Effluent onset Grease. per of Standard mon- Methods soon in for 2019, Examinatio 2020

Water Quality Quality Water

Occupation stage Occupation n of Water and

and 2021

Wastewate Daily Society r

Daily Society

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Institutional MONITORING Responsibilities Paramet Special Standar Freque Impleme Supervis Location Duration

Environment component Project Stage ers Guidance ds ncy ntation ion Noise Free field at Noise At Once Readings Contract Environ levels on 1 m from stan- equipme every to be or mental dB (A) the dards nt yards month taken at through Engineer scale equipment by CPCB (max) 15 ts - , M/s whose for two seconds proved Urbanris noise levels years, interval moni- e are being as for 15 toring Builders deter- require minutes agency LLP mined. d by every the hour and engine then er averaged . Noise Equivalent Noise As Thrice Readings Contract Environ levels on noise levels stan- directed a year to be or mental dB (A) using an dards by the for 2 taken at through Engineer Construction stage stage Construction scale integrated by CPCB Engineer years 15 ts - , M/s noise level (At during seconds proved Urbanris meter kept maximu the interval moni- e at a dis- m 5 constru for 15 toring Builders tance of 15 locations ction minutes agency LLP Noise levels Noise from the ) period. every internal hour and roads then averaged . Noise Equivalent Noise 1. At all Thrice Readings Society Society levels on noise levels stan- bounda in op- to be through dB (A) using an dards ries of eration taken at an scale integrated by CPCB the site. period, 15 approve noise level in seconds d meter kept Decem interval monitori at a dis- ber for 15 ng tance of 15 2019, minutes agency from edge Januar every Occupation stage Occupation of y 2020 hour and pavement and then Januar averaged y 2021 .

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Institutional MONITORING Responsibilities Paramet Special Standar Freque Impleme Supervis Location Duration

Environment component Project Stage ers Guidance ds ncy ntation ion Monitori Sample of Thresho At Once a - Contract Environ ng of Pb, soil ld for producti year or mental Cr, Cd collected to each ve for 2 through Engineer acidified contami agricultu years an , M/s and nant set ral lands approve Urbanris analysed by IRIS in the d e using databas project monitori Builders absorption e of impact ng LLP spectropho USEPA area to agency tometry until be national identifie Construction stage stage Construction stan- d by the dards environ are mental promul engineer gated.

Soil Soil Monitori Sample of Thresho At As per Thrice in Society Society ng of soil ld for accident/ the op- heavy collected to each spill occurre eration metals, acidified contami locations nce of stage for oil and and nant set involving such monitori grease analysed by IRIS bulk inciden ng using databas transport ts turbidity absorption e of carrying spectropho USEPA hazard- tometry until ous

Occupation stage Occupation national materials stan- (5 dards locations are maximu promul m) gated. Turbidity Visual As At the Pre- Engineer M/s in Storm obser- specifie drains monso Urbanris water vations d by the on and e during site Water post- Builders Silt load visits quality mon- LLP in ponds standar soon Soil Soil Erosion ds season

Construction stage Construction s for 2 years

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Institutional MONITORING Responsibilities Paramet Special Standar Freque Impleme Supervis Location Duration

Environment component Project Stage ers Guidance ds ncy ntation ion Turbidity Visual As Thrice Society Society in Storm obser- specifie in pre- water vations d by the monso during site Water on and Silt load visits quality post- in ponds standar monso ds on season s in Occupation stage stage Occupation 2019, 2020 and 2021. Monitori Visual To the At Quarte Supervisi M/s ng of: obser- satisfac- Storage rly in on Urbanris 1. vations will tion of area and the Engineer e Storage suffice. the M/s con- constru /consult Builders Area These are Urbanri struction ction ant LLP 2. to be se camps stage. Drainag checked as Builders e specified in LLP Arrang the EMP. and the ements stan- 3. dards Construction Stage Stage Construction Sanitati given in on in the Constru reportin ction g form. Construction Sites and Construction Camps Camps Construction and Sites Construction Camps

5.9 Reporting system Reporting system provides the necessary feedback for project management to ensure quality of the works and that the program is on schedule. The rationale for a reporting system is based on accountability to ensure that the measures proposed as part of the Environment Management Plan get implemented in the project. The reporting system will operate linearly with the contractor who is at the lowest rung of the implementation system reporting to the Supervision Consultant, who in turn shall report to the M/s Urbanrise Builders LLP

All reporting by the contractor and Supervision Consultant shall be on a quarterly basis. M/s Urbanrise Builders LLP shall be responsible for preparing targets for each of the identified EMAP activities. All subsequent reporting by the contractor shall be

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monitored as per these targets set by the M/s Urbanrise Builders LLP before the contractors move on to the site. The reporting by the Contractor will be a monthly report like report of progress on construction and will form the basis for monitoring by the M/s Urbanrise Builders LLP either by its own Environmental Cell or the Environmental Specialist hired by the Supervision Consultant.

 Monitoring of facilities at construction camps  Monitoring of air, noise, soil and water parameters including silt load  Monitoring of survival rate of plantation.  Monitoring of cleaning of drains and water bodies.

5.10 Environmental management budget The environmental budget for the various environmental management measures proposed in the EMP is detailed in table 5.6 There are several other environmental issues that have been addressed as part of good engineering practices, the costs for which has been accounted for in the Engineering Costs. Moreover, since environmental enhancements have not been finalized at this stage, the table projects the typical costs aspect wise and the detailed cost estimate is presented in Annexure A.

Table 5.6 Environmental Budgets for Proposed Project Capital cost in Rs. Lakhs Recurring cost in Rs. Lakhs S. Description NO. Construction Occupation Construction Occupation Phase Phase Phase Phase Air Pollution 1 20.1 -- 0.9 5.7 Control Water 2 Pollution 260.8 -- 49.1 84.0 Control Noise Pollution 3 5.0 -- 1.9 1.1 Control Environmental 4 Monitoring & 0.2 16.8 0.3 3.4 Management Green belt & 5 Open area 2.9 0.6 0.3 1.4 development 6 Solid Waste 5.5 0.6 1.3 14.8 7 Others 111.0 -- 3.2 4.4 Total 405.5 17.9 57.1 114.7

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5.11 Horticultural and Landscaping Works

(a) Scope The Horticultural and Landscaping works may be entrusted to a contractor. It would generate local employment if the plantation, upkeep and maintenance of the green belt were entrusted to local VSS bodies. Detailed drawings and designs of landscaping will be drawn after completion of the detailed designing. The following precautions must be taken while undertaking horticulture and landscaping works. The project will have greenery by way of avenue plantation and central green. The scheme of plantation and the figures are presented in mitigation chapter. The upkeep and the management of the greening are presented as follows: b) Materials

Plant Materials Plant Materials shall be well formed and shaped true to type, and free from disease, insects and defects such as knots, sun-scaled, windburn, injuries, abrasion or disfigurement. All plant materials shall be healthy, sound, vigorous, free from plant diseases, insects pests, of their eggs, and shall have healthy, well-developed root systems. All plants shall be hardy under climatic conditions similar to those in the locally of the project. Plants supplied shall to confirm to the names listed on both the plan and the plant list. No plant material will be accepted if branches are damaged or broken. All material must be protected from the sun and weather until planted.

Any nursery stock shall have been inspected and approved by the Environmental Specialist or the Engineer.

All plants shall conform to the requirements specified in the plant list. Except that plants larger then specified may be used if approved, but use of such plants shall not increase the contract price. If the use of the larger plant is approved, the spread of roots or ball of earth shall be increased in proportion to the size of plant. Deliver plants with legible identification labels.

Top Soil (Good Earth) Topsoil or good earth shall be a friable loam, typical of cultivated topsoils of the locality containing at least 2% of decayed organic matter (humus). It shall be taken from a well- drained arable site. It shall be free of subsoil, stones, earth skids, sticks, roots or any other objectionable extraneous matter or debris. It shall contain no toxic material. No topsoil shall be delivered in a muddy condition. It shall have pH value ranging between 6 and 5.5.

Fertiliser Measurement of sludge shall be in stacks, with 5% reduction for payment. It shall be free from extraneous matter, harmful bacteria insects or chemicals. (Subjected to safety norms).

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Root System The root system shall be conducive to successful transplantation. While necessary, the root-ball shall be preserved by support with Hessian or other suitable material. On soils where retention of a good ball is not possible, the roots should be suitably protected in such a way that the roots are not damaged.

(c) Supply and Substitution Upon submission of evidence that certain materials including plant materials are not available at time of contract, the contractor shall be permitted to substitute with an equitable adjustment of price. All substitutions shall be of the nearest equivalent species and variety to the original specified and shall be subjected to the approval of the Landscape Architect.

(d) Packaging Packaging shall be adequate for the protection of the plants and such as to avoid heating or drying out.

(e) Marking Each specimen of tree and shrub, or each bundle, shall be legibly labelled with the following particulars:

 Its name.  The name of the supplier, unless otherwise agreed.  The date of dispatch from the nursery.

(f) Tree Planting Plants and Shrubs Trees should be supplied with adequate protection as approved. After delivery, if planting is not to be carried out immediately, balled plants should be placed back to back and the ball covered with sand to prevent drying out. Bare rooted plants can be heeled in by placing the roots in prepared trench and covering them with earth, which should be watered into, avoid air pockets round the roots. Trees and shrubs shall be planted as shown in architectural drawings and with approval of site supervision engineer.

Digging of Pits Tree pits shall be dug a minimum of three weeks prior to backfilling. The pits shall be 120 cm in diameter and 120 cm deep. While digging the pits, the topsoil up to a depth of 30 cm may be kept aside, if found good (depending upon site conditions), and mixed with the rest of the soil. If the side of the below, it shall be replaced with the soil mixture as specified further herein. If the soil is normal it shall be mixed with manure; river sand shall be added to the soil if it is heavy.

The bottom of the pit shall be forked to break up the subsoil.

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Back Filling The soil back filled watered through and gently pressed down, a day previous to planting, to make sure that it may not further settle down after planting. The soil shall be pressed down firmly by treading it down, leaving a shallow depression all round for watering.

Planting No tree pits shall be dug until final tree position has been pegged out for approval. Care shall be taken that the plant sapling when planted is not be buried deeper than in the nursery, or in the pot. Planting should not be carried out in waterlogged soil. Plant trees at the original soil depth; soil marks on the stem is an indication of this and should be maintained on the finished level, allowing for setting of the soil after planting. All plastic and other imperishable containers should be removed before planting. Any broken or damage roots should be cut back to sound growth.

The bottom of the planting pit should be covered with 50mm to 75mm of soil. Bare roots should be spread evenly in the planting pit; and small mound in the centre of the pits on which the roots are placed will aid on even spread. Soil should be placed around the roots, gently shaking the tree to allow the soil particles to shift into the root system to ensure close contact with all roots and prevent air pockets. Back fill soil should be firmed as filling proceeds, layer by layer, care being taken to avoid damaging the roots, as follows:

The balance earth shall be filled in a mixture of 1:3 (1 part sludge to 3 part earth by volume) with 50 gm potash, (Mop) 50gms of Super Phosphate and 1Kg. Neem oil cake. Aldrin or equivalent shall be applied every 15 days in a mixture of 5ml in 5 litres of water.

Staking Newly planted trees must be held firmly although not rigidly by staking to prevent a pocket forming around the stem and newly formed fibrous roots being broken by mechanical pulling as the tree rocks.

Methods: The main methods of staking shall be: (a) A single vertical shake, 900mm longer than the clear stem of the tree, driven 600mm to 900mm into the soil. (b) Two stakes as above driven firmly on either side of the tree with a cross bar to which the stem is attached. Suitable for bare- rooted or Ball material. (c) A single stake driven in at an angle at 45 degrees and leaning towards the prevailing wind, the stem just below the lowest branch being attached to the stake. Suitable for small bare- rooted or Ball material (d) For plant material 3m to 4.5m high with a single stem a three- wire adjustable guy system may be used in exposed situations.

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The end of stake should be pointed and the lower 1m to 1.2m should be coated with a non-injurious wood preservative allowing at least 150mm above ground level.

Tying Each tree should be firmly secured to the stake so as to prevent excessive movement. Abrasion must be avoided by using a buffer, rubber or Hessian, between the tree and stake. The tree should be secured at a point just below its lowest branch, and also just above ground level; normally two ties should be used for tree. These should be adjusted or replaced to allow for growth. Watering The Landscape Contractor should allow for the adequate watering in of all newly planted trees and shrubs immediately after planting and he shall during the following growing season, keep the plant material well watered.

Fertilising Fertilising shall be carried out by application in rotation of the following fertilisers, every 15 days from the beginning of the monsoon till the end of winter:

(1) Sludge or organic well-rotted dry farm yard manure: 0.05 cum or tussle. (2) Urea 25 gm. (3) Ammonium sulphate 25 gm. (4) Potassium sulphate 25 gm.

All shrubs, which are supplied pot grown, shall be well soaked prior to planting. Watering in and subsequent frequent watering of summer planted container- grown plants is essential.

(g) Shrub Planting In Planter Beds All areas to be planted with shrubs shall be excavated, trenched to a depth of 750 mm, refilling the excavated earth after breaking clods and mixing with sludge in ratio 5:1 (5 parts of stacked volume of earth after reduction by 20%: 1 part of stacked volume of sludge after reduction by 5%.)

Tall shrubs may need staking, which shall be provided if approved by the contracting consulting engineer, depending upon the conditions of individual plant specimen.

For planting shrubs and ground cover shrubs in planters, good earth shall be mixed with sludge in the proportion as above and filled in planters.

Positions of planters shall be planted should be marked out in accordance with the architectural drawing. When shrubs are set out, precautions should be taken to prevent roots drying. Planting holes 40 cm in diameter, and 40 cm deep should be excavated for longer shrubs. Polythene and other non-perishable containers should be removed and any badly damaged roots carefully pruned. The shrubs should then be set in holes so that the soil level, after settlement, will be original soil mark on the stem of the shrub.

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The holes should be back filled to half of its depth and firmed by treading. The remainder of the soil can then be returned and again firmed by treading.

(h) Grassing Preparation During period prior to planting the ground shall be maintained free from weeds. Grading and final weeding of the area shall be completed at least three weeks prior to the actual sowing. Regular watering shall be continued until sowing by dividing the area into portions of approximately 5m squares by constructing small bunds to retain water. These 'bunds' shall be levelled just prior to sowing of grass plants; it shall be ensured that the soil has completely settled.

Soil The soil itself shall be ensured to the satisfaction of Landscape Architect to be a good fibrous loam, rich in humus.

Sowing the grass roots Grass roots (cynodon, dectylon or a local genus approved by the Landscape Architect) shall be obtained from a grass patch, seen and approved before hand.

The grass roots stock received at site shall be manually cleared of all weeds and water sprayed over the same after keeping the stock in place protected from sun and dry winds.

Grass stock received at site may be stored for a maximum of three days. In case grassing for some areas is scheduled for a later date fresh stock of grass roots shall be ordered and obtained.

Execution Small roots shall be dibbled about 5 cm apart into the prepared grounds. Grass will only be accepted as reaching practical completion when germination has proved satisfactory and all weeds have been removed.

Maintenance As soon as the grass is approximately a 3cm high it shall be rolled with a light wooden roller – in fine, dry weather – and when it has grown to 5 to 5 cm, above to ground weeds must be removed and regular cutting with the scythe and rolling must be begun. A top-dressing of an ounce of guano to the square yard or well decomposed well broken sludge manure shall be applied when the grass is sufficiently secure in the ground to bear the mowing machine, the blades must be raised an inch above the normal level for the first two or three cuttings. That is to say, the grass should be cut so that it is from 4 to 5 cm in length, instead of the 3 cm necessary for mature grass.

In the absence of rain, in the monsoon, the lawn shall be watered every ten days heavily, soaking the soil through to a depth of at least 20 cm.

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Damage failure or dying back of grass due to neglect of watering especially for seeding out of normal season shall be the responsibility of the contractor. Any shrinkage below the specified levels during the contract or defect liability period shall be rectified at the contractor's expense. The Contractor is to exercise care in the use of rotary cultivator and mowing machines to reduce to a minimum the hazards of flying stones and brickbats. All rotary mowing machines are to be fitted with safety guards.

Rolling A light roller shall be used periodically, taking care that the area is not too wet and sodden.

Edging These shall be kept neat and must be cut regularly with the edging shears.

Fertilising The area shall be fed once in a month with liquid manure prepared by dissolving 45gms of ammonium sulphate in 5 litres of water.

Watering Water shall be applied at least once in three days during dry weather. Watering whenever done should be thorough and should wet the soil at least up to a depth of 20 cm.

Weeding Prior to regular mowing the contractor shall carefully remove rank and unsightly weeds.

Cultivating The Landscape Contractor shall maintain all planted areas within Landscape contract boundaries for one year until the area is handed over in whole or in phases. Maintenance shall include replacement of dead plants, watering, weeding, cultivating, control of insects, fungus and other diseases by means of spraying with an approved insecticide or fungicide, pruning, and other horticulture operations necessary for proper growth of the plants and for keeping the landscape sub-contract area neat in appearance.

Pruning and Repairs Upon completion of planting work of the landscape sub-contract all trees should be pruned and all injuries repaired where necessary. The Famount of pruning shall be limited to the necessary to remove dead or injured twigs and branches and to compensate for the loss of roots and the result of the transplanting operations. Pruning shall be done in such a manner as not to change the natural habit or special shape of trees.

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Tree Guards Where the tree guards are necessary, care should be taken to ensure that they do not impede natural movement or restrict growth. Circular iron tree guards shall be provided for the trees at enhancement locations. The specifications for which one given below:

 Circular Iron Tree Guard with Bars.  The tree guard shall be 50 cm. in diameter.

The tree guards shall be formed of (i) 3 Nos. 25x25x3mm angle iron verticals 2.00m long excluding splayed outward at lower end up to an extent of 10 cms. (ii) 3 Nos. 25x25mm MS flat rings fixed as per design (iii) 15 Nos. 1.55 metres long 6mm dia bars. Each ring shall be in two parts in the ratio of 1:2 and their ends shall be turned in radially for a length of 4 cm at which they are bolted together with 5mm dia and 30mm long MS bolts and nuts.

The vertical angle irons shall be welded to rings along the circumference with electric plant 15 Nos. bars shall be welded to rings at equal spacing along the circumference of ring. The lower end of the angle iron verticals shall be splayed outwards up to an extent of 10cm. The lower end of the flat of lower ring shall be at a height of 45cm. and upper end of the flat of top ring shall be at the height of 2.00 metres. The middle ring shall be in the centre of top and lower ring. The bars shall be welded to rings as shown in the drawing. The entire tree guard shall be given two coats of paint of approved brand and of required shade over a priming coat of ready mixed primer of approved brand.

(j) Nursery Stack Planting should be carried out as soon as possible after reaching the site. Where planting must be a necessity and/or be delayed, care should be taken to protect the plants from pilfering or damage from people animals. Plants with bare-roots should be heeled- in as soon as received or otherwise protected from drying out, and others set closely together and protected from the wind. If planting is to be delayed for more than a week, packaged plants should be unpacked, the bundles opened up and each group of plants heeled in separately and clearly labelled. If for any reason the surface of the roots becomes dry the roots should be thoroughly soaked before planting.

(k) Protective Fencing According to local environment, shrubs shall be protected adequately from vandalism until established.

(l) Completion On completion, the ground shall be formed over and left tidy.

5.12 Water Conservation Measures Water conservation measures must be adopted during the occupation stage that would conserve the natural resource and also reduce the pressure on other users. Typical lists of water conservation measures are presented as follows;

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Water Saving Measures There are a number of ways to save water, and they all start with you.

1) Check your sprinkler system frequently and adjust sprinklers so only your lawn is watered and sidewalk, or street.

2) Avoid planting turf in areas that are hard to water such as steep inclines and isolated strips along sidewalks and driveways.

3) Install covers on pools and check for leaks around your pumps.

4) Use the garbage disposal less often.

5) Plant during rainy season and or winter when the watering requirements are lower.

6) Check your water meter and bill to track your water usage.

7) Always water during the early morning hours, when temperatures are cooler, to minimize evaporation.

8) Wash your produce in the sink or a pan that is partially filled with water instead of running water from the tap.

9) Use a layer of organic mulch around plants to reduce evaporation and save hundreds of liters of water a year.

10) Use a broom instead of a hose to clean your driveway and sidewalk and save up to 300 liters of water every time.

11) Collect the water you use for rinsing produce and reuse it to water houseplants.

12) Water your lawn in several short sessions rather than one long one. This will allow the water to be better absorbed.

13) We’re more likely to notice leaky faucets indoors, but don’t forget to check outdoor faucets, pipes, and hoses for leaks.

14) Only water your lawn when needed. You can tell this by simply walking across your lawn. If you leave footprints, it’s time to water.

15) When you shop for a new appliance, keep in mind that one offering several different cycles will be more water and energy-efficient.

16) Install low-volume toilets.

17) When you clean your fish tank, use the water you’ve drained on your plants. The water is rich in nitrogen and phosphorus, providing you with a free and effective fertilizer.

18) Water small areas of grass by hand to avoid waste.

19) Put food coloring in your toilet tank. If it seeps into the toilet bowl, you have a leak. It's easy to fix, and you can save more than 2250 liters a month. 20) Use porous materials for walkways and patios to keep water in your yard and prevent wasteful runoff.

21) Instead of using a hose or a sink to get rid of paints, motor oil, and pesticides, dispose of them properly by recycling or sending them to a hazardous waste site.

22) Install a rain shut-off device on your automatic sprinklers to eliminate unnecessary watering.

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23) Choose water-efficient drip irrigation for your trees, shrubs, and flowers. Watering roots is very effective, be careful not to over water.

24) Grab a wrench and fix that leaky faucet. It’s simple, inexpensive, and can save 525 liters a week.

25) Cut back on the amount of grass in your yard by planting shrubs and ground cover or landscaping with rock.

5.13 Energy Efficiency Measures in a Typical Household

5.13.1 Hot Water

 Repair leaky faucets.  Reduce the temperature setting of your water heater to warm (500 C).  Add an insulating blanket to your water heater.  Install low-flow showerheads.  Wash clothes in warm or cold water using the appropriate water level setting for the load.  Replace water heater, when needed, with an energy efficient model.

5.13.2 Major Appliances and Other Appliances

 Maintain refrigerator at 2 to 50 C and freezer section at –15 0 C.  Maintain stand-alone freezer at 0 F.  Choose a refrigerator/freezer with automatic moisture control.  Use toaster ovens or microwave ovens for cooking small meals.  Adjust the flame on gas cooking appliances so it’s blue, not yellow.  Replace a gas-cooking appliance with a unit with an automatic, electric ignition system.  Run the dishwasher only with a full load of dishes.  Air dry dishes in a dishwasher.  Shut down home computers when not in use.  Select appliances (i.e., curling irons, coffee pots, irons) with time limited shut off switches.  Replace aging major appliances, TVs and VCRs when needed, with energy efficient models. Replacing a 1970s refrigerator with an energy efficiency refrigerator. This can save over 2,000 kWh per year. This will also reduce carbon dioxide emissions by over 2,000 pounds every year.  Increase Air Conditioner thermostat by 3 degrees F. This can save over 900 kWh per year, annually and over 900 pounds of carbon dioxide each year. Depending on the size of your home, you can save 3% on your cooling costs for every degree you raise your thermostat in the summer. Raising the thermostat from 73 to 75 F degrees can reduce cooling costs by 15%.

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 Make sure your air conditioner is the proper size for the area you are cooling. An air conditioner that is too large will use more electricity than needed; an air conditioner that is too small will have to work harder to cool a space. The recommended Air conditioners based on the room size are as follows:

Area To Be Cooled (sq. ft.) Capacity (BTU/HR) 100 to 150 5,000 150 to 250 6,000 250 to 300 7,000 300 to 350 5,000 350 to 400 9,000 400 to 450 10,000 450 to 550 12,000 500 to 700 14,000 700 to 1,000 15,000

 Only run the washing machine, dryer, and dishwasher when you have full loads. Cool only the rooms you use and utilize fans when the temperature is moderate.

5.13.3 Lighting

 Turn off lights when not in use.  Use task lighting whenever possible instead of brightly lighting an entire room.  Install compact fluorescent lamps in the fixtures which receive high use.  Replace the five most frequently used incandescent light bulbs with compact fluorescent bulbs. This will save over 500 kWh per year, and over 500 pounds of CO2.

Electricity Savings, and Carbon Dioxide Emissions Avoided For Implementing Efficiency and Conservation Measures in One Household Electricity saved for one CO2 avoided in for one Household Measure household household (Kg/yr) (kWh/yr) Replace a 1970s refrigerator w/a new 2,197 993.36 ENERGY EFFICIENT refrigerator Increase AC thermostat by 3F degrees for 937 423.6 cooling Replace 5 incandescent light bulbs with 562 254 compact fluorescent

Electricity Savings: Incandescent vs. Compact Fluorescent Lights The following table shows the result of replacing one incandescent bulb with a compact fluorescent bulb in one household.

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Savings Over One 60 watt 11 watt compact Bulb Type Years By incandescent fluorescent Replacing Bulb Purchase Price Rs. 25 Rs. 50 Life of the Bulb 750 hours 10,000 hours Number of Hours 4 hours 4 hours

Burned per Day Number of Bulbs About 2 over 1 years 1 over 6.5 years Needed Lumens 1,690 1,500 Total Cost of Bulbs Rs. 50 Rs. 50 Total energy used over 1 57.6 kWh per 16.06 kWh per 71.54 kWh per years household household household

60 w (4 hrs/day)(365 11 w (4 days/year) hrs/day)(365 (1 years) = 57600 days/year) watt-hours or (1 years) = 16060 57.6kWh watts-hours or 16.06kWh Savings Over One 60 watt 11 watt compact Bulb Type Years By incandescent fluorescent Replacing Bulb Total CO2 emissions 7.26 kg per 32.34kg per 39.6 kg per over 1 yrs (avg emission household household household rate: 996.7 lbs/MWh or 0.9967 lbs/kWh) 16.06 kWh 57.6kWh (.9967 (.9967 lbs/kWh) lbs/kWh) = 57.31 lbs = 16lbs Total SO2 emissions 0. 037 kg 0.166 kg per 0.203 kg per over 1 yrs (avg emission household household household rate: 5.1 lbs/MWh or 0.00511 lbs/kWh) 16.06kWh 57.6 kWh (.00511 (.00511 lbs/kWh) lbs/kWh) = 0.447 lbs = 0.052 lbs Total NOx emissions 0.014 kg per 0.061 kg per 0.075kg per over 1 years (avg household household household emission rate: 1.9 lbs/MWh or 0.0019 16.06 kWh 57.6 kWh (.0019 lbs/kWh) (.0019 lbs/kWh) lbs/kWh) = 0.166 lbs = 0.0305 lbs

It is proposed to provide CFL units in the common areas, bathrooms, and central green area to conserve electricity by the project authorities. The average usage of 4 CFLs in each dwelling, and the total energy savings from the project and the overall reduction in pollutants is presented in the following table;

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5.14 Risk Assessment and Disaster Management Construction sites in general do not handle toxic and or hazardous chemicals in large quantities, and the usage of the same is temporary for specific tasks. However the construction activity has a number of hazards resulting injuries and fatalities, and are not reported widely due to the unorganized nature of construction professions. The proposed project shall ensure the safety of workers and equipment to reduce and mitigate hazards. The hazards and mitigation measures due to various construction activities, and hazards to specific professions of construction are discussed as follows;

Site planning and layout Site planning is essential to ensure safety and health of workers, in urban work sites which have space constraints. Site planning shall reduce and or help avoiding accidents due to collision of men with material and equipment etc. It is essential to plan the sequence of construction operations, access for workers on and around the site with signage, location of work shops for welding, carpentary etc., location of first air facility, adequate lighting for work areas, site security by provision of fence or barricades, arrangements to keep the site tidy and for collection and removal of wastes.

Site tidiness All the construction workers are briefed about the importance of keeping the site tidy, by clearing the rubbish and scrap at the end of the day, to keep the work area clear of equipment and material, by depositing the waste in a designated location, by cleaning up spills of materials.

Excavation Excavation for foundation and trenches involves removal of soil and rock. Excavation or trenching plan shall consider underground services if any. The hazards related to excavation are face collapse and injury or burial of workers by soil and rock, fall and slip of people in excavated pits and trenches, and injury to workers due to falling material or equipment. The precautions to be taken are protection of excavation faces by support material, erection of shoring along trenches. Urban areas have building properties adjacent to the developing site, in such cases it is necessary to shore the face of adjacent property to avoid fall or collapse of neighboring land or wall. Vehicular movement surrounding the excavated area needs to be restricted so as to avoid face collapse, and possible injury to workers. Excavation areas shall be provided with adequate lighting.

Scaffolding One of the important and serious safety risk in construction activity is fall of person from a height and fall of materials and objects from height resulting in injury to workers. Scaffold is a supporting structure connecting two are more platforms used for either storage of materials or as a work place. Guard rails and toe boards shall be provided at every place where the height of scaffolding is more than 2 m. It shall be ensured that scaffold is anchored and tied to the building, it is not overloaded with men and material, it is examined (both bamboo or wood and rope) frequently for infection by insects, and that timber, if used, is not painted.

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Ladders Ladders are most commonly used equipment, as it is readily available and inexpensive, and is used widely. However the limitations of ladders are overlooked resulting in injuries and fatalities. Ladders have limitations; allows only one person to work, climb, and carry materials or work with one hand, restricts movement, should be secured all the time either using ropes or other people. It is essential to secure the ladder before use. The safe use of ladder involves; ensuring that there are no overhead power lines, ladder extends at least one meter above the landing place, never use props to extend the height of ladder, facing the ladder while climbing or descending, making sure foot ware of ladder user is free of mud and grease, not to over balance or over reach and using a hoist line instead of carrying materials.

Steel Erection Steel erection of building frames requires construction work at heights and in exposed positions. However planning at the design stage, setting the sequence of operations, supervising during construction, and usage of personal protective equipment like safety belts in addition to provision of safety nets, anchorage points etc.

Confined Spaces Construction work in confined spaces like open manholes, sewers, trenches, pipes, ducts etc. may have dangerous atmosphere due to lack of oxygen or due to presence of flammable or toxic gases. Work confined space is always conducted under supervision, with adequate safety measures like; checking the atmosphere in confined space before entry, provision of rescue harness to everyone, involvement of minimum of two persons – one person for monitoring and ready for rescuing if needed, provision of safety equipment like atmospheric testing device, safety harness, torch light, first aid equipment, fire fighting apparatus, and resuscitation equipment.

Vehicles The construction area shall have multiples of vehicles moving material within the site and from outside the site. The most common causes of onsite traffic incidents are; bad driving technique, carelessness, carrying unauthorized passengers, poor maintenance of vehicles, site congestion, overloading, and uneven ground and debris. It is proposed to ensure that all drivers have appropriate driving license, routes are planned, marked and leveled, enlisting additional workers during reversing, switching off the engine during idling, and periodic maintenance schedule for all vehicles.

Movement of materials – Cranes and Hoists Cranes and hoists are used for movement of materials within the site. The operators of these machines are qualified and the cabins will have a signal chart to understand the signals given by site workers. The site workers are trained in signals for transmitting to the operators of these machines. Stability of these machines and overloading are major concerns while operating these machines, hence it is necessary to avoid overloading, and to ensure structural stability of these machines before use. The cranes will have safety hooks, and the workers are trained in using the same, and criticality of the hook. In case of hoists, it will be ensured that a gate is provided at each

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platform, travel of passengers is avoided, and platforms are always aligned with landing points.

Lifting and Carrying Construction work involves a lot of manual labour resulting in stress and injury to the workers. It is proposed to provide wheel burrows, trolleys etc., to avoid manual carrying of materials. In situations where manual lifting of materials is needed, the workers are trained in safety related to correct lifting technique, throwing technique in addition to provision of personal protective equipment.

Working positions tools and equipment There is an increased reliance of tools and equipment in the construction industry in the past 15 years resulting in reduced risk of physical exhaustion. However the equipment, working positions in using the equipment have its own hazards, which need to be avoided to reduce risks like musculoskeletal disorders. It will be ensured that workers preferably work in sitting posture with necessary tools handy, to avoid physical exertion, the right tools are provided, and carrying tools in pockets avoided, and worn out tools are replaced in time. In case of power driven tools, the dangerous part of the machinery is always covered, the tool is never left in operation when not in use, and power is switched off immediately in case of any incident, to avoid physical injury to workers.

Working Environment Many chemical substances like adhesives, cleaning agents, floor treatments, fungicides, cements, grouts, insulants, sealants, paints, solvents etc. Solvents are critical substances which require due attention as they are flammable and or toxic in few cases. The usage of these chemical substances is always ensured to follow the instructions mentioned by the manufacturers. Solvents will not be used for removal of paints and grease from skin. Personal protective equipment is provided by the proponent and or the contractor and the site safety executive shall ensure the same. Construction sites are also major sources of noise resulting in hearing impairment. Hence it will be ensured that all emission sources are provided with mufflers or silencers, motors are covered, machinery panels are secured and are not allowed to rattle, and noise attenuating screens are provided to segregate noisy working areas, in addition to provision of personal protective equipment. Gloves are used when using Vibration causing equipment. Adequate lighting is provided in work areas to mitigate hazards.

Health Hazards on Construction Sites Construction works involve various trades with variable times of operation. Construction operations have a number of potential hazardous operations and resulting in health hazards to workers. Exposure differs from trade to trade, from job to job, by the day, even by the hour. Exposure to any one hazard is typically intermittent and of short duration, but is likely to reoccur. A worker may not only encounter hazards related to his profession, but also encounters hazards related to other professions in the vicinity. This pattern of exposure is a consequence of having many employers with jobs of relatively short duration and working alongside workers in other trades that generate other hazards. The hazard severity is contingent on concentration and

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duration of exposure in a specific construction work. A list of hazards present for workers in various trades is presented in table 5.7.

Table 5.7 List of hazards present for workers in various trades Occupations Hazards Brick masons Cement dermatitis, awkward postures, heavy loads Stonemasons Cement dermatitis, awkward postures, heavy loads Hard tile setters Vapour from bonding agents, dermatitis, awkward postures Carpenters Wood dust, heavy loads, repetitive motion Drywall installers Plaster dust, walking on stilts, heavy loads, awkward postures Electricians Heavy metals in solder fumes, awkward posture, heavy loads, asbestos dust Electrical power installers and Heavy metals in solder fumes, heavy loads, asbestos repairers dust Painters Solvent vapours, toxic metals in pigments, paint additives Paperhangers Vapours from glue, awkward postures Plasterers Dermatitis, awkward postures Plumbers Fumes and particles, welding fumes Pipefitters Fumes and particles, welding fumes, asbestos dust Carpet layers Knee trauma, awkward postures, glue and glue vapour Soft tile installers Bonding agents Concrete and terrazzo Awkward postures finishers Glaziers Awkward postures Insulation workers Asbestos, synthetic fibers, awkward postures Paving, surfacing and tamping Asphalt emissions, gasoline and diesel engine equipment operators exhaust, heat Sheet metal duct installers Awkward postures, heavy loads, noise Structural metal installers Awkward postures, heavy loads, working at heights Welders Welding emissions Solderers Metal fumes, lead, cadmium Drillers, earth, rock Silica dust, whole-body vibration, noise Air hammer operators Noise, whole-body vibration, silica dust Pile driving operators Noise, whole-body vibration Hoist and winch operators Noise, lubricating oil Crane and tower operators Stress, isolation Excavating and loading Silica dust, histoplasmosis, whole-body vibration, machine operators heat stress, noise

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Occupations Hazards Grader, dozer and scraper Silica dust, whole-body vibration, heat noise operators Highway and street Asphalt emissions, heat, diesel engine exhaust construction workers Truck and tractor equipment Whole-body vibration, diesel engine exhaust operators Demolition workers Asbestos, lead, dust, noise Hazardous waste workers Heat, stress

Construction Hazards Hazards for construction workers are typically of four classes: chemical, physical, biological and social.

Chemical hazards Chemical hazards are mainly due to inhalation of dusts, fumes, mists, vapours or gases, although some airborne hazards may settle on and be absorbed through the intact skin (e.g., pesticides and some organic solvents). Chemical hazards also occur in liquid or semi-liquid state (e.g., glues or adhesives, tar) or as powders (e.g., dry cement). Skin contact with chemicals in this state can occur in addition to possible inhalation of the vapor resulting in systemic poisoning or contact dermatitis. Chemicals might also be ingested with food or water, or might be inhaled by smoking.

Several illnesses have been linked to the construction trades, among them: Silicosis among sand blasters and rock drill operators; Asbestosis (and other diseases caused by asbestos) among asbestos insulation workers, steam pipe fitters, building demolition workers and others; Bronchitis among welders, Skin allergies among masons and others who work with cement: Neurologic disorders among painters and others exposed to organic solvents.

Physical hazards Physical hazards are present in every construction project. These hazards include noise, heat and cold, radiation, vibration and barometric pressure. Construction work often must be done in extreme weather conditions. The usage of machines for construction is resulting in noise. The sources of noise are engines of all kinds (e.g., on vehicles, air compressors and cranes), winches, paint guns, pneumatic hammers, power saws, sanders, planers and many more. It affects not only the person operating the machine, but all the workers close-by. This may not only cause noise-induced hearing loss, but also may mask other sounds that are important for communication and for safety.Pneumatic hammers, many hand tools and earth-moving and other large mobile machines also subject workers to segmental and whole-body vibration.Heat and cold hazards arise primarily because a large portion of construction work is conducted while exposed to the weather, the principal source of heat and cold hazards. Heavy equipment operators may sit beside a hot engine and work in an enclosed cab with windows and without ventilation. Those that work in an open cab with no roof have no protection from the sun. A shortage of potable water or shade contributes to heat

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stress as well. The principal sources of non-ionizing ultraviolet (UV) radiation are the sun and electric arc welding. Lasers are becoming more common and may cause injury, especially to the eyes, if the beam is intercepted. Strains and sprains are among the most common injuries among construction workers. These, and many chronically disabling musculoskeletal disorders (such as tendinitis, carpal tunnel syndrome and low- back pain) occur as a result of either traumatic injury, repetitive forceful movements, awkward postures or overexertion. Falls due to unstable footing, unguarded holes and slips off scaffolding and ladders are very common.

Biological hazards Biological hazards are presented by exposure to infectious micro-organisms, to toxic substances of biological origin or animal attacks. Excavation workers, for example, can develop histoplasmosis, an infection of the lung caused by a common soil fungus. Since there is constant change in the composition of the labour force on any one project, individual workers come in contact with other workers and, as a consequence, may become infected with contagious diseases-influenza or tuberculosis, for example. Workers may also be at risk of malaria disease if work is conducted in areas where these organisms and their insect vectors are prevalent.

Social hazards Employment in construction sector is intermittent, and control over many aspects of employment is limited because construction activity is dependent on many factors over which construction workers have no control, such as the state of an economy or the weather. Because of the same factors, there can be intense pressure to become more productive. Since the workforce is constantly changing, and with it the hours and location of work, and many projects require living in work camps away from home and family, construction workers may lack stable and dependable networks of social support. Features of construction work such as heavy workload, limited control and limited social support are the very factors associated with increased stress in other industries. These hazards are not unique to any trade, but are common to all construction workers in one way or another.

Decreasing exposure concentration Three general types of controls can be used to reduce the concentration of occupational hazards. These are, from most to least effective: engineering controls at source, environmental controls that remove hazard from environment, personal protection equipment provided to the worker.

Engineering controls Hazards originate at a source. The most efficient way to protect workers from hazards is to change the primary source with some sort of engineering change. For example, a less hazardous substance can be substituted for one that is more hazardous. Water can be substituted for organic solvents in paints. Similarly, non-silica abrasives can replace sand in abrasive blasting (also known as sand blasting). Or a process can be fundamentally changed, such as by replacing pneumatic hammers with impact hammers that generate less noise and vibration. If sawing or drilling generates harmful dusts, particulate matter or noise, these processes could be done by shear cutting or

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punching. Technological improvements are reducing the risks of some musculoskeletal and other health problems. Many of the changes are straightforward-for example, a two-handed screwdriver with a longer handle increases torque on the object and reduces stress on the wrists.

Environmental controls Environmental controls are used to remove a hazardous substance from the environment, if the substance is airborne, or to shield the source, if it is a physical hazard. Provision of flexible Local exhaust ventilation (LEV) may be used. The simple and effective method for controlling exposure to radiant physical hazards (noise, ultraviolet (UV) radiation from arc welding, infrared radiant (IR) heat from hot objects) is to shield them with some appropriate material. Plywood sheets shield IR and UV radiation, and material that absorbs and reflects sound will provide some protection from noise sources. Major sources of heat stress are weather and hard physical labour. Adverse effects from heat stress can be avoided through reductions in the workload, provision of water and adequate breaks in the shade and, possibly, night work.

Personal protection When engineering controls or changes in work practices do not adequately protect workers, workers may need to use personal protective equipment (PPE). In order for such equipment to be effective, workers must be trained in its use, and the equipment must fit properly and be inspected and maintained. Furthermore, if others who are in the vicinity may be exposed to the hazard, they should either be protected or prevented from entering the area.

Eating and sanitary facilities A lack of eating and sanitary facilities may also lead to increased exposures. Often, workers cannot wash before meals and must eat in the work zone, which means they may inadvertently swallow toxic substances transferred from their hands to food or cigarettes. A lack of changing facilities at a worksite may result in transport of contaminants from the workplace to a worker’s home. It is proposed to provide separate temporary canteen and changing place for employees.

5.15 Fire Protection Plan/System Description The fire protection system consists of the following: a) Hydrant system for entire housings with each floor having a hydrant. b) High Velocity Water Spray System (HVWS) for Generator, Transformers, etc. c) Water sump (capacity of 30 KL) for the hydrants will be at the top of each building. d) Portable fire extinguishers in different areas of the housing. e) Microprocessor based intelligent addressable fire detection and alarm system will be provided at all floors of the buildings and silt area.

Design, Construction & Operating Conditions Water supply for the fire protection system will be provided from the clarified water storage tank. Adequate dead storage will be provided for fire protection system.

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Common pumps for hydrant and spray systems will be provided with provision for interconnection between the two. Booster pumps of 900-litres/minute capacity will be provided at top of the building for drawing water from the sump of 30 Kl capacity The hydrant system will be provided for all the areas of the housing project. Hydrant system will consist of the underground ring headers, mains (piping) upto the individual hydrant outlets, risers and above ground branch headers (terminal mains) with isolating valves in case of landing valves/internal hydrants, stand posts, single headed or double headed hydrant valves depending on the hazard covered, hoses, hose couplings, branch pipes and nozzle assemblies, etc. All accessories required for external and internal hydrants will be stored in hose boxes located alongside each hydrant. The system will be adequately designed to maintain the required pressure in the hoses operated from the farthest hydrant ring main. Portable extinguishers of suitable capacity, rating and medium (water, sand, CO2, foam, etc.) in adequate numbers covering all the buildings in the power plant premises will be provided.

Suitable alarm system with audiovisual indicators for personnel safety shall be provided in the event of fire and extinguish discharge. Suitable extinguish gas detectors shall also be provided for detecting presence or discharge of extinguishant and provide warning to personnel. The system provided shall be of the highest order and testing on routine basis shall be possible.

Codes & Standards The applicable codes & standards will be the latest version of the following: IS: 1975 – Line Pipes IS: 1367,GL – 4B,4 – Technical supply conditions for threaded steel fasteners IS:1239 – Mild steel tubes, tubular and other wrought steel fittings IS: 10221 – Code of practice for coating and wrapping of underground mild steel structures IS: 903 – Fire hose delivery couplings, branch pipe, nozzles and nozzle spanner IS: 4927 – Unlined flax canvas hose for fire fighting IS: 5423 – Controlled percolating hose for fire fighting IS: 5290 – Landing valves IS: 2575 – Specification for fire extinguisher, carbon-do-oxide type (portable and trolley mounted) IS: 933 – Portable chemical foam fire extinguisher IS: 2171 – Portable fire extinguishers, dry powder(cartridge type) IS: 4305 – Specification for dry powder for fire fighting IS: 4561 – Dry powder for fire fighting in burning metals IS: 2571 – Specification for branch pipe, universal for fire fighting purposes IS: 2159 – Selection, installation and maintenance of automatic fire detection and alarm system IS: 636 – Non- percolating flexible fire fighting delivery hose IS: 3034 – Fire safety of industrial buildings: electrical generating and distributing stations. IS:9137 - Code for acceptance tests for centrifugal, mixed flow and axial pumps – Class C IS:10951 – Class of acceptance test for centrifugal flow and axial pumps

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Tariff Advisory Committee (TAC) of India/NFPA standards OISD – 117 – Oil Installations

System Description The fire protection system contains; Firewater pumping system, Wet riser system and Hose reel system, Yard hydrant system, Automatic sprinkler system, The Pressurisation system, Portable First Aid fire extinguishers, Fire safety plans, Analogue addressable Automatic fire detection and alarm system.

Firewater pumping system Firewater to the complete fire protection system shall be catered through an RCC Underground (UG) storage tank of capacity 300 cum located at the ground floor of the building. Water to this tank shall be fed by gravity tapped off from the bore well water supply line. The following are the motor driven and diesel driven firewater pumps that shall be located adjacent to the UG storage tank. i) Fire Hydrant pump (Motor driven) -1 No. 2550 lpm @100m head. ii) Sprinkler pump (Motor Driven) – 1 No. 2550 lpm @ 100 m head iii) Common standby pump (Engine driven) 1 No. 2550 lpm @ 100m head. iv) Jockey pump (Motor driven) -1 No.150 lpm @ 100m head shall be provided for maintaining system pressure at all times and to compensate the minor losses. v) Terrace level booster pump (motor driven) – 1No. 900 lpm @35m head. All the pumps will be of horizontal centrifugal end suction type. These pumps shall draw water from the underground RCC static tank of capacity 300 cu.mtrs for hydrant and sprinkler system.

The level switches shall be provided in the Underground tank and terrace tank. Breaching inlet shall be provided at the inlet of the storage tank for quick filling by fire brigade.

Wet riser and Hose reel system Wet riser shall be provided at all floor landings of the staircase of the building. Water supply to the wet risers shall be fed directly from the motor driven wet riser pump. This system shall consist of double hydrant outlet landing valve installed at a height of 1000 mm above finished floor level and a separate tap off for hose reel associated with hoses, branch pipe and nozzles for building at each floor on each riser. The system shall be designed hydraulically to meet the flow and pressure requirements as per NBC. Hydrant accessories such as hose reel, branch pipe and nozzles etc. shall be provided in separate enclosures/cabinet with glass panels.

Four way breaching inlet with sluice check valve shall be installed and connected to each wet risers. The breaching inlets shall be located at 1000 mm above the ground floor level.

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The pipe material for Wet risers shall be Galvanised Iron (GI) "C" class as per requirements of the local fire officer from pump house to discharge to Wet riser and hose reel system topmost hydrant/ hose reel. In the event of fire, if the hydrant or hose reel are opened, the pressure in the wet riser main will drop due to the resulting flow, thereby the booster pump comes in to operation at a preset low pressure. If the pressure drops further, at a preset low pressure in the wet riser, the wet riser pump shall start automatically by getting an impulse from a pressure switch provided on the main.

In case the wet riser pump fails to start, the pressure in the main will drop further and at a pre-set low pressure, the common standby pump diesel shall come into operation by getting an impulse from a pressure switch provided. Stopping of the pump shall be manual.

Automatic Sprinkler Systems Automatic sprinkler system shall be provided to cover all the floors of the office building. Sprinklers shall be provided in two layers in all the floors of the office area, upright type sprinkler at RCC ceiling level and pendent type sprinkler with rosette plate at false ceiling level. Water supply to the sprinkler system shall be fed from the motor driven sprinkler pump. This system shall be designed hydraulically to meet the flow and pressure requirements as per codes and standards. This system shall comprise of network of piping, valves, sprinkler heads, flow switches etc. The sprinklers shall be designed to produce spherical type of discharge with a portion of water being thrown upwards to the ceiling. Sprinklers shall be of satin-chromed finish to architect's requirement. Ceiling plates shall be of steel construction and shall be either chromed or painted to architect's requirement. Sprinkler pipes shall be so installed that the system can be thoroughly drained.

Four Way breaching inlet with check valves shall be provided and connected to the each sprinkler riser.

The mode of operation of the sprinkler system is as follows: In the event of fire in any section of the area to be protected by the sprinkler system, the sprinklers in that particular section shall open initiating the flow of water and annunciating the flow of water through flow switch provided at each sprinkler tap off riser. The motor driven sprinkler pump shall start automatically due to consequential pressure drop in the sprinkler system piping. In case motor driven sprinkler pump fails to start, standby diesel engine driven pump shall come into operation by getting an impulse from a pressure switch provided at a preset low pressure. During sprinkler system operation a local alarm shall be raised by activation of flow switch. Stopping of the pumps shall be manual.

Yard Hydrant System The yard hydrant shall be located at various places around the building. The water supply for yard hydrant shall be tapped off from wet riser system headers. Each single headed yard hydrant shall be provided with hoses, nozzles and accessories. All Hydrant accessories shall be located in a Hose box adjacent to Hydrant valve. Brick masonry valve chambers with cast iron covers shall be provided wherever required for isolating the system to enable maintenance if any without affecting the complete system.

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The mode of operation of the hydrant system is as follows. In the event of fire, hydrant valves are opened, at the preset low pressure the wet riser pumps shall start as furnished in Wet riser system. In case of failure of wet riser pump stand by common pump shall come into operation.

Pressurization System The common pressurization system of wet riser system shall comprise of one (1) Jockey pump operating automatically. In the event of minor system leakages either in wet riser system the Jockey pump will start automatically by getting an impulse from pressure switch provided on the discharge header of the Jockey pump. The Jockey pump shall stop automatically once the mains pressure is restored to original set value. All pressure switches shall have two (2) contacts -one for starting / stopping the Jockey pump and the other for Jockey pump running annunciation in the panel. The control panel shall have all necessary control and interlock for operation and control of the pumps. Jockey pump shall not be running when main pump/booster pump are under operation.

Portable First Aid Fire Extinguishers Portable extinguishers such as carbon-di-oxide extinguishers, dry chemical powders etc. shall be provided in all areas of the building. The type of portable fire extinguishers and their numbers shall be as per NBC. Service tags shall be provided and attached on all extinguishers installed.

4.5kg extinguisher to be provided for every 500sqft of work area, every electrical room, and in every AHU room. A 22.5kg DCP cylinder on trolley for every DG set and UPS.

All safety equipments like fire buckets with one spare filled cylinder shall be provided.

Fire Safety Plans Fire escape route printed in signal red colour shall be fixed near fire exit staircases, which shall show directions to the inmates for escape in case of fire.

Fire order as per NBC shall be fixed near lift/lift lobby, which shall guide action to be taken in case of fire.

Analogue Addressable Automatic Fire Detection and Alarm system Automatic fire alarm and detection and alarm system shall be provided for the office complex.

The fire detection and alarm system proposed consists of: Multi sensor Smoke detectors which shall be provided in the electrical switchgear room, electrical riser/ducts, lift shaft, lift machine room, BAS, communication room, and in office area of all the floors above and below the false ceiling. Heat detectors shall be provided in pantry, DG room and kitchen. Manual call points shall be provided at all the entrances and exits. Hooters with strobe lights shall be provided at all the entrances and exits, staircases and also inside office areas.

Mimic panel shall be located in the smoke free lobby at each floor of office building to indicate the location of fire. A central fire alarm panel shall be located at the Fire command centre. This panel shall have the indication to identify the location of fire in the building.

5 - 50 Team Labs and Consultants Urbanrise Builders LLP Environmental Impact Statement

Fire alarm panel shall be located at the reception area and the repeater panel shall be located in the guardhouse.

The provisions shall conform to the requirements of the National Building Code (NBC) 1953, AMD3 (SP-7 1953, part- IV).

Fire Suppression System FM200 Gas fire suppression system is recommended for the server rooms.

Inspection and Testing Inspection & testing will be carried out as per the Approved Quality Assurance plan. Minimum requirement will be as indicated below.

Shop Tests on Hydrant Valves: a) Dimensional b) Hydro test of body c) Flow test on 5% of valves d) Seat leakage Test e) Operational check

Shop Tests on hose cabinets: a) Hydro Test of hose pipe/coupling/nozzle b) Percolation test c) Burst test (Type test or Type test report)

Dimensional Inspection On completion of erection, at Site, Pipes will be hydro tested at 1.5 times the pump shut-off head, or twice the operating pressure, whichever is higher.

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Annexure - A Detailed Cost Estimate Capital cost in (Rs.Lakhs) Recurring cost in (Rs.Lakhs) Description Construction Occupation Construction Occupation

Phase Phase Phase Phase DG Stack 11.2 2.2 Air Pollution Personal protective equipments 0.6 0.8 0.3 Control Equipment maintenance 0.5 0.1 0.1 Sprinkling of water 7.8 3.1 Total 20.1 0.9 5.7 Sedimentation tank 0.3 0.1 Rain water harvesting pits 0.7 0.1 Water Rain water harvesting sump (KL) 3.0 0.8 Pollution Sewage treatment plant (KLD) 88.2 Control Temporary Toilets 0.6 0.1 Dual Plumbing 168.0 48.0 STP maintenance 84.0 Total 260.8 0.0 49.1 84.0 Noise Personal protective equipments 0.6 0.6 0.2 Pollution Control Acoustic enclosures 4.5 1.3 0.9 Total 5.0 1.9 1.1 Ambient air quality studies - Once in six months - 2 locations 0.14 0.2 Environmental Water quality studies - Once a monitoring year - 2 Locations 0.03 0.1 Noise studies - Once in six months - 2 Locations 0.04 0.1 STP Lab 16.8 3.4 Total 0.2 16.8 0.3 3.4 Green belt & Green belt 2.9 0.6 0.3 Open area Horticulturists & Gardeners 1.4 development Total 2.9 0.6 0.3 1.4 Construction waste storage 2.5 0.3 1.0 Solid Waste Garbage Segregation point 3.0 0.3 0.3 Garbage 14.8 Total 5.5 0.6 1.3 14.8 Solar lighting 6.0 1.2 1.2 Solar Heaters 85.5 1.7 1.7 Barricade 5.9 Others Safety Signage 0.3 0.1 0.1 LED Lighting 0.3 0.2 0.0 Roof insulation 13.1 1.3 Training & Mobilization 0.1 0.1 Total 111.0 0.0 3.2 4.4 Grand Total 405.5 17.9 57.1 114.7

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URBANRISE BUILDERS LLP SURVEY NOS. 594/A, 595/A, 597/AA, DUNDIGAL, GANDIMAISAMMA DUNDIGAL, MEDCHAL - MALKAJGIRI DISTRICT

Studies and Documentation by: Team Labs and Consultants (An ISO Certified Organization) B-115 - 117 & 509, Annapurna Block, Aditya Enclave, Ameerpet, Hyderabad- 500 038 Phone: 91-040-23748555/23748616 Fax : 91-040-23748666 e-mail: [email protected]