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A SPARC-NSDF-Mahila Milan Publication A SPARC‐NSDF‐Mahila Milan Publication April 2010‐march 11 From the Director’s Desk This past year was marked by a renewed public focus on providing services and housing to the urban poor. The national elections brought in more urban‐focused MPs, and everyone now believes that the nation voted for improved development and better governance. For the first time in the history of inaugural speeches, the Presi‐ dent mentioned slum dwellers and their need for land security, giving a nod to the new central government slum upgrading scheme Rajiv Awas Yojana. Clearly the government’s attitude has come a long way since SPARC began its partnerships with Mahila Milan and NSDF twenty five years ago. SPARC’s 25th anniversary means that this is a year of reflection, but also a year of intense scaling up in many program areas. Those of us who have been with SPARC since its inception envisioned that our direct activist role would recede over time, to be replaced by the work of the community leaders. We did not anticipate the rapid scaling‐up of our work, nor the resulting legal compliances and technical responsibilities that have overtaken much of our earlier role. Nor did we predict that we would need to form a construction affiliate, Nirman, to deal with many of these complexities. While community leaders have come to play an integral role in all of the Alli‐ ance’s activities, SPARC and Nirman continue to advocate at higher levels for the necessary policy shifts that will benefit the urban poor. At the Trustee level and a programmatic level we have asked ourselves: Are we fulfilling the mission we started with? Are we exploring solutions for the iniquities experienced by the poorest of the poor? Are we exploring solutions that work around needs and aspirations of women? And are we abdicating roles and functions to the federations, Mahila Milan groups, and community groups, while taking on those that they have not yet developed capacity to do? The answer to all these is yes. This year we have collaborated with Equalinrights to produce a report entitled “Victims or Warriors: a journey of defending poor people’s right to the city.” This project offers the opportunity to reflect on the impacts the Alliance has made and to articulate how communities are empowered to defend their own rights and devise multiple strategies to deepen their foothold in hostile cities. This is a vital issue at a time when the standard approach for defending human rights is the shame and blame, and our dialogue with government is criticized by some as co‐ optation. We met with our international partners at the 10th Annual meeting of Cities Alliance to reflect on our progress and what our goals are internationally. The visible growth of Cities Alliance, in terms of partners, scope, and scale, gave us an opportunity to see how much we have grown and how much more priority the world is giving to the issues of cities and slums. As the second phase of CLIFF begins and many of our first SRA‐driven construction projects close out, we can reflect on the precedents we have set in the urban housing sector and shift focus to other cities and other hous‐ ing possibilities. We are now researching and experimenting with housing strategies under JNNURM BSUP. Three major projects are underway in Bhubaneswar, Pune, and Bangalore. The Alliance plans to create new loan portfolios under CLIFF 2 to complement these projects, and to facilitate individual upgrading. Hopefully our plans to work more deeply in incremental housing will also begin to demonstrate new possibilities that are truly people‐led. The Alliance has taken a very proactive approach to Rajiv Awas Yojana. The policy is not yet finalized, but the Alliance is already collecting information for city‐wide slum upgrading plans to facilitate the process. This in‐ cludes conducting biometric and household surveys, making plane table surveys and GIS maps of settlements, and initiating dialogue with municipal governments about the plans. We hope to encourage municipalities to take up city‐wide slum upgrading plans, so that they can take advantage of the RAY subsidies in the most effec‐ tive way. This issue of Citywatch tells the stories of where we have been and where we are going. Even the newsletter itself is an example of our progress till now. The Alliance initiated Citywatch to tell stories simply, so that read‐ ers from communities within our network, as well as external readers, could understand and learn from what we do. We print every issue in English and Hindi, and now they are available on our website to provide better ac‐ cess to readers. We encourage readers, new and old, to access the latest updates from SPARC and Nirman on our redesigned website www.sparcindia.org. We hope you enjoy reading this issue as much as we enjoyed putting it together. Sheela Patel, June 2010 1 We are honored by our government Both Sheela Patel and A. Jockin got the Padma Shree Award On January 16, 2011 it was announced that Jockin Arputham and Sheela Patel are two of the recipients of the 2011 Padma Shri Award. The Padma Shri award is the 3rd highest civil‐ ian award in India, which are given to recognize exemplary contributions of individuals in vari‐ ous fields. Sheela and Jockin were given the Padma Shri to recognize their exceptional service in the field of social work. The award will be conferred by the President of India at an awards ceremony at Rashtrapati Bhawan later in the year. Sheela and Jockin were also honored for this award by the Maharashtra Home Minister and past Police Commissioners in a public ceremony on March 1, 2011, which approximately 1,000 federation. 2 Jockin gets felicitated by the SUCHIRINDIA Foundation in An‐ dhra Pradesh, To every one in the alliance of SPARC Mahila Milan and National Slum Dwellers Federation ( NSDF) the national recognition for Jockin and Sheela are celebrated as reflect‐ ing on their collective endeavors to work on issues of slum dwellers in India. The news about the announcements were first heard by the federation members who informed everyone in January 2011, and the ceremony was held in April 2011. Many community leaders participated in a range of events to deepen their resolve to continue this work. 3 Federation news NSDF National Convention Jan 2011 The annual NSDF National Convention took place in Dharavi on This would ensure that unnecessary or duplicate work is not done. February 17‐ 19, 2011. Leaders from 9 states and 50 cities in India For the various slum upgrading programs as well as for future plan- joined together to discuss the work of the past year, exchange news ning for RAY these were critical preparations to be undertaken, and and ideas and discuss strategies for moving forward and what they so far the city wanted professionals to do this work. wanted to achieve, as a collective and individually, in the next year. There was also a lot of discussion about upcoming government The meeting began with introductions, as groups from each state redevelopment schemes, like RAY and more generally about ways came forward and spoke about what they have done this past year in which federations can strengthen their relationships with gov‐ and what they are currently working on. ernment. Rajesh Tandon, got the NSDF and MM teams to start re‐ The Pune Mahila Milan impressed many in attendance with their flecting on their process of learning, how through exchanges, dem‐ accomplishments in building houses for their members. Leaders onstrations and peer explorations they had created a federation from Bhubhneshwar, Cuttack and Puri in Orissa also spoke about which also provided support to their members. how their exchanges led to their municipal corporations also explor- He also demonstrated how they were undertaking monitoring and ing the possibilities and houses being constructed in Orissa by fed- planning when they attended such meetings. Both he and Jockin erations. Hearing these stories and accomplishments inspired other walked the groups through a process of collective planning and federations to undertake similar activities and there was much dis- each state group shared their plans for the next year. Looking for‐ cussion informally between groups, to help share this knowledge ward, it is going to be increasingly important that slum dwellers and these processes. and federations understanding state and national policies. There was also discussion about the city‐wide surveys currently in Sheela explained how under JNNURM, many cities rushed to send progress and cities that had done these surveys shared their ex‐ the national government their schemes and forgot to consult the periences, of doing the slum profiles, the household surveys, doing poor. As a result many of the projects were in trouble as communi‐ GPS mapping of slums and/or issuing biometric I.D cards. Leaders ties did not go to live in houses built far away dorm where they pushed for all state federations to plan to do city‐wide surveys this stay. Forming relationship with the city was vital for city federation year. leadership as was getting cities to understand who they were what The city surveys will use a simple logic to determine whether a city they did. ‐wide survey is needed: that unless the federation demonstrated that they collected better data than the city, the community led approach would not move ahead. 4 Planning Commissions and MBPOs In India the Planning Commission represents a important institution to address demands for development investment from the state. Many years ago, while seeking to address the The alliance is committed to first of issues of invisibility of pavement dwellers, SPARC had visited the Planning Commission to explore how to include the plight of pavement dwellers within the broad grouping of slum all begin a dialogue with other or‐ dwellers.
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