Confidential NATO Report Warns of Military Shortfalls

Issue No.43 June 2013 Confidential NATO report warns of military shortfalls www.natowatch.org

A 9 June Spiegel Online munitions and air refuelling portance of continuing to article High dependence on tanker aircraft to support improve and integrate the US: NATO lacks military fighter jets. Other problems NATO defence, a problem capabilities says that a con- identified were shortages of which required more bur- fidential NATO report out- medical staff, electronic den-sharing among all lined where European part- warfare jamming devises NATO members. ners in the transatlantic and equipment for Special NATO’s report on shortfall alliance had fallen short of Forces. These shortfalls will capabilities may be confi- their commitments. probably have to be filled dential, but it appears that Apparently, the report uses by the United States, as the Secretary General was a ‘traffic light’ system of before, as the situation is referring to it when he ad- coding to indicate areas of unlikely to be improved dressed a joint meeting of relative strength and weak- before 2019. the European Parliament’s ness with most attracting a Rasmussen called the im- Committee on Foreign Af- red or orange dot, a few balance of burden-sharing fairs and Subcommittee on attracting yellow dots and between the US and other Security and Defence on 6 none at all attracting a Allies ‘untenable’ and con- May. His statement picked green dot. Fifteen ‘problem cluded: "Most allies must up the theme from his At- areas’ were identified indi- do more". At a dinner dur- lantic Council presentation cating that, for the foresee- ing the NATO Defence Min- during his visit to Washing- able future, NATO’s force isterial on 4 June, US De- ton the previous week. He projection will be hampered fence Secretary Chuck firmly believed that Europe by lack of capability. Hagel said that his military must have a strong com- NATO Secretary General was no longer willing to mon security and defence Rasmussen indicated that compensate for the short- policy: “If European nations some of the shortfalls high- comings of the Europeans. do not make a firm com- lighted in the analysis were Rasmussen visited Wash- mitment to invest in secu- exposed during the NATO ington prior to the June rity and defence, then all mission in Libya two years Defence Ministerials in talk about a strengthened ago, including an insuffi- Brussels and discussed with European defence and se- cient supply of precision President Obama the im- curity policy will just be hot air”.

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Inside this issue: Help us make NATO more transparent Editorial: Red line, crossed (apparently): 2 Your support, however modest, but Syria doesn't need more weapons makes a huge difference. Even 2 NATO’s transition plans for Afghanistan called into one or two Euros will help us question promote greater NATO transparency. Article: Where NATO and Russian visions coincide, 3 Thanks in advance for donating and where they don't so we can conduct independent monitoring and analysis of News Commentary and Reports: 4 NATO, stimulate parliamentary Afghanistan-Pakistan; Arctic Security; Arms Con- engagement and broaden public trol; Counter-Terrorism; Cyber Security; Defence awareness and participation in a Budgets; Drones; Energy Security; Enlargement progressive reform agenda within the alliance. and Partnerships; Environmental Security; Exer- cises; Kosovo; Libya; Mali; Maritime Security; Mis- Click on sile Defence; NATO Defence Chiefs Meeting; NATO the picture to Defence Ministers Meeting; NATO Parliamentary find out Assembly; NATO-Russian Relations; Nuclear Weap- how you ons; R2P; Scottish Independence; Syria; Transat- can make lantic Cooperation; Transparency & Accountability a donation. Upcoming Events 12 Security News from NATO Member States: 12 Subscription to NATO Albania; Czech Republic; Estonia; France; Ger- Watch Observatory is many; Norway; Poland; Romania; Turkey, UK, USA free of charge End word: National Security Secrecy and the 14 To start a subscription click

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Editorial:

Red line, crossed wary about creating a no-fly zone for NATO’s transition Syria, plans for a "limited no-fly zone" (apparently): stretching as far as 25 miles inside plans for Afghanistan Syria appear to be underway. called into question but Syria doesn't need What Syria needs is innovative more weapons With the media focused on the stage- thinking designed to deescalate the managed announcement that the crisis. First, a concerted and sustained Afghan National Security Force (ANSF) The Obama administration is preparing international effort is needed to cut off to arm Syrian rebels following 'clear were taking full responsibility for the arms flow to both sides and to protecting the population and evidence' of chemical weapon use by broker a ceasefire agreement. This the Assad regime. Having apparently maintaining the integrity of the needs Russia and Iran on board. country, President Karzai made two killed as many as 150 people with Rouhani's election win offers the significant announcements which will chemical weapons and crossed the 'red potential of a more conciliatory Iranian undoubtedly affect what happens when line' set by President Obama for foreign policy and US objections to NATO’s mission in Afghanistan changes triggering a more focused US letting Iran attend the proposed after 2014. response, the CIA has been instructed Geneva peace conference should now to coordinate direct military assistance be dropped. Pressure also needs to be On 18 June the President said he to the Syrian rebels. There are at least applied on Syria's rebel forces to come would send representatives of his High three major concerns with this turn of up with a negotiating strategy and to Peace Council to the Gulf State of events. take part as well. Qatar to discuss peace with the First, there are disturbing echoes of Taliban, who opened an office in the Even if it is not possible to negotiate capital, Doha this week. Karzai wants what was being said about Saddam a country-wide ceasefire at this point Hussein’s WMD in 2003, including a the talks to be moved to Afghanistan in time, local ceasefire arrangements and to focus on bringing an end to reprise of the media's lack of could be sought, as well as the scepticism about White House claims. violence. Kabul and Washington have creation of R2P zones in non- both indicated that the Taliban must Second, the red line has absolutely government controlled areas. renounce all ties to al-Qaida and other no credibility when the UN estimates Second, a more targeted and terrorist groups and accept that 93,000 people have already died sizeable humanitarian response to the Afghanistan's constitution. in the two-year-old civil war. The refugee crisis is needed. The UN Office Responsibility to Protect (R2P) red line The following day Karzai suspended for the Coordination of Humanitarian the fourth round of bilateral post-2014 was crossed many months ago, but in Affairs (UN OCHA) estimates that 6.8 the absence of an international security agreement talks with the US million people in the region are administration, reportedly in protest consensus for intervention the West affected by the Syrian conflict and that has resorted to an ill-defined over the US failure to include one in three Syrians are in need of Afghanistan directly in the peace talks. assortment of mixed messages. “urgent humanitarian assistance”. The According to BBC reports, President international response to Karzai was also frustrated by the this humanitarian failure to make a ceasefire part of the emergency has been preconditions to the talks. "There is a woefully inadequate to contradiction between what the US date. NATO could Government says and what it does conceivably play a regarding Afghanistan peace talks", logistical role in assisting President Karzai’s spokesman Aimal some of the humanitarian Faizi said. The Washington Post agencies to bridge these revealed that senior US officials were gaps. Much of the gear scheduled to hold talks with Taliban for doing this is already envoys in Doha on Thursday 19 June. in Jordan as part of These developments may result in o n g o i n g m i l i t a r y the Afghan High Peace Council not exercises. going to Doha as announced, Third, both sides in the particularly as the Taliban have always conflict stand accused of refused to meet President Karzai or his carrying out war crimes. Government, dismissing them as (Syria’s Winter—photo credit: Freedom To enable future indictments by the puppets of Washington. The Taliban House/ flickr) International Criminal Court (ICC) and previously suspended peace talks with Third, a decision to arm the rebels is perhaps act as a deterrent against US officials in March 2012. likely to escalate the war and do little further atrocities, NATO could offer to Another complicating factor will be to advance the likelihood of a new gather evidence of atrocities carried the stance taken by the Tehreek-e- round of peace talks in Geneva. New out by specific key leaders and groups Taliban (the Pakistani Taliban). Their supplies of US, British and French through a combination of intelligence spokesman Ihsanullah Ihsan told weapons will encourage the rebels to gathering, social media, and satellite Reuters that they would support the fight on, hoping that the balance tips and drone reconnaissance. Finally, the peace talks and would respect a peace in their favour. Assad is likely to think NATO Secretary General should be agreement by not carrying out cross- the same, especially if rearmed with adding his voice to those that are border attacks. But he said such an Russian heavy weapons. calling on the UN Security Council to agreement would not apply to the refer the Syria situation to ICC to Pakistani Taliban at home: "We are And will a no-fly zone be far behind? ensure accountability for all war crimes While the US administration has been and crimes against humanity. Continued on p.13

Page 2 Article: Where NATO and Russian visions coincide, and where they don't

By Nigel Chamberlain, NATO and of the Euro-Atlantic area. He intention, no plan and no reason to Watch cited cooperative work in a growing deploy nuclear weapons on the number of common security territory of new members” and has Ambassador Dirk Brengelmann, NATO challenges, including: refrained from “additional permanent Assistant Secretary General for stationing of substantial combat Political Affairs and Security Policy,  countering the threats posed by forces”. He said that a strong, addressed the plenary session of the terrorism and protecting effective and verifiable conventional Conference on Military and Political populations, infrastructure and arms control regime in Europe is Aspects of European Security in territories from natural and man- desirable but the CFE Treaty is in Moscow on 23 May. His speech made disasters; critical shape. A number of proposals focused on NATO’s contribution to and ideas are currently being  peacekeeping operations in the European Security, specifically on considered to achieve this objective Mediterranean Sea and in the three areas where he feels that NATO through greater transparency, Indian Ocean; and Russia’s vision coincide: predictability and mutual confidence 1. Active engagement with the  developing the Cooperative for all. Council of Europe, the OSCE and the Airspace Initiative; Returning to differences on missile EU, in building stability in Europe and defence, the Ambassador said that  establishing the Counter making use of NATO’s unique set of NATO's 2010 decision to build a political and military capabilities. Narcotics Training Project for missile defence system was coupled Afghanistan, Central Asia and with a strong offer to Russia to 2. Cooperative work by all European Pakistan; and, nations and Russia who bear a shared cooperate in the development stages. responsibility for the security and  securing stability in Afghanistan Both NATO and Russia’s missile stability of the Euro-Atlantic area. by improving the capacity of the defence needs would be better met Afghan National Security Forces by increasing mutual security through 3. Finding more common ground to maintain an operational a flow of information and confidence between NATO and Russia on the key helicopter fleet and ensuring a through transparency. However, outstanding issues of missile defence, smooth transit for ISAF-bound Russia continues to perceive a threat reciprocal transparency and full goods to and from Afghanistan. to its strategic deterrent and is respect for existing commitments. claiming that only legal guarantees (Commodore Henning Amundsen welcomes can provide it with the trust it needs NATO’s contribution to the Captain Ivan Kovalyov, Commander of the Russian security of Europe, and beyond to see NATO’s defensive deployments as non-threatening. NATO's missile The Ambassador spoke of NATO's defence assets in Europe are commitment to supporting peace and designed to counter ballistic missiles security in the Balkans via KFOR in originating from the outside the Euro- Kosovo and IFOR and SFOR in Bosnia Atlantic area. These assets are and Herzegovina, with both incapable of diminishing the operations supported by Russia. He effectiveness of Russia’s strategic added: “However, our responsibility deterrent. for Europe’s security cannot be confined only to the geographical The way forward borders of the continent. We have to In conclusion, the Ambassador said realize that many of the recent that NATO and Russia must remain threats and challenges to Europe Federation Baltic Fleet Task Group, on board the committed to respect the sovereignty originate elsewhere.” Giving examples NATO flagship HNoMS Fridtjof Nansen, 10 June and territorial integrity of states and of NATO's 'out-of-area' operations, he 2013—photo credit: NATO) their borders as recognised by cited: Where NATO and Russia’s visions international law and guaranteed by the UN Charter, which also excludes  the lasting commitment to for Europe’s security differ the presence of the armed forces of Afghanistan’s security, with the The Ambassador started this section one nation on the sovereign territory support of, and in cooperation of his speech with the statement that: of another, without its consent. with partners, including Russia; “We have not yet agreed on a way and forward on missile defence In closing his last official visit to cooperation.” He then outlined some Moscow as NATO Assistant Secretary  the engagement in counter- of issues where more work was General for Political Affairs and piracy efforts off the Horn of needed. Security Policy, Brungelmann said Africa and work on counter- NATO remains fully committed to the terrorism. He referred to Russia's desire for a security of Europe and stands ready new treaty to address Europe’s to work with Russia on conventional NATO’s special partnership with changing security needs which are Russia arms control, missile defence, and by not shared by NATO. Existing offering transparency on a number of The Ambassador said that NATO is arrangements may be hampered by strategic stability issues in order to committed to building a stable, “member states lack consensus on a enhance trust and predictability. A peaceful and undivided Europe, whole common vision for Europe’s security” strategic partnership with Russia, and free, and to the benefit of all its but “we are now in a better shape to with profound political dialogue and peoples. It wants to see a true discuss and address any broad practical cooperation, is the strategic partnership with Russia as disagreements”. only way to achieve the genuine they bear a joint responsibility for the He reiterated that NATO has “no stability and security in Europe. security of the European continent

Page 3 News, Commentary and Reports:

Without U.S. helicopters, Afghans strug- Afghanistan-Pakistan: gle to save wounded, Washington Post, 20 May Russia May Deploy Troops To Afghan post-2014 Afghan mission, Reuters, 5 Border After NATO Withdrawal, Says June Ambassador To Afghanistan, Huffington NATO to discuss post-2014 Afghan Post, 17 May war commitments, but not release Taliban rival claims Kabul blast that final troop numbers, Washington leaves at least 15 dead, including two Post, 4 June U.S. troops, Washington Post, 16 May Red Cross cuts its staff in Afghanistan Junior diplomats from Pakistan and as Nato withdrawal fuels turmoil, The Bangladesh visit NATO, NATO News, 15 Telegraph, 4 June—an attack on a May—a group of junior diplomats from Red Cross compound in Afghanistan Pakistan and Bangladesh visited NATO has forced the organisation to with- HQ to learn more about the Alliance and draw a significant number of staff (photo credit: Stitch/flickr) its cooperation with countries across the from the country, even as the pros- globe pect of civil war looms What progress on the post-2014 Afghan News Nato summit to enshrine Obama's Security Agreement? NATO Watch News war-ending legacy, The Times of In- Brief, 15 May NATO Secretary General welcomes dia, 1 June Afghan transition announcement, Afghan Commandos Step Up Their Com- NATO to hold 2014 summit on Af- NATO News, 18 June bat Role, New York Times, 14 May—a ghanistan troop withdrawal, Reuters, combination of allied Special Operations NATO Secretary General in Kabul as 31 May Afghan security forces take lead forces and Afghan troops are set to as- countrywide, NATO News, 18 June— Mission to bolster relations with Paki- sume more responsibility in Afghanistan President Hamid Karzai announced stan and keep Afghan exit route as NATO gradually hands over security the fifth and final group of Afghan open, NATO Watch News Brief, 31 operations May provinces, cities and districts to un- NATO’s Plan for Afghanistan Post-2014: dergo transition in the coming NATO strengthens military-to-military A ‘Stable Instability’, Michael Hirsh, Na- months. “This is a day for Afghans to cooperation with Pakistan, NATO tional Journal, 13 May—US, allies are be proud. And I am proud to stand News, 30 May—On 28 and 29 May talking about commitments through with you”, Mr Fogh Rasmussen said 2013, General Knud Bartels, Chair- 2018 and beyond, says top commander man of NATO’s Military Committee, Afghans take nationwide security lead Karzai to allow US bases in Afghanistan made an official visit to Pakistan at from NATO, BBC News, 18 June after Nato withdrawal, The Telegraph, 9 the invitation of General Kayani, the May—Afghanistan is ready to let Amer- Pakistani Chief of Army Staff Afghans Poised to Take Security Lead ica retain nine bases in the country after From US, NATO, ABC News, 16 June Afghan detainees present Nato states NATO's combat mission ends next year, with dilemma, BBC News, 29 May Hamid Karzai has said NATO general warns on progress in Afghanistan, The Australian, 15 June Drone Strike Is Said to Kill a Top Pakistani Taliban Figure, New York Afghan gains not yet sustainable: Times, 29 May NATO commander, AFP, 14 June Foreign Projects Give Afghans Fash- Terrorist Attacks in Afghanistan Get ion, Skate Park and Now 10,000 Bal- Bolder, Voice of America, 12 June loons, New York Times, 25 May Afghanistan: Deadly explosion at Ka- Afghanistan After The United States bul Supreme Court, BBC News, 11 Talking to the Taleban— And NATO Leave: Economic Boom- June town, Or A Disaster Waiting To Hap- Twelve years late US General Dunford: 'Fight for Afghan pen? International Business Times, 24 rights not over', BBC News, 11 June— May So what was the point of all the commander of international forces Afghan peace lost in transition wor- in Afghanistan has warned the inter- that war business? ries, Washington Post, 21 May national community not to turn its And whatever you do don’t back on Afghanistan Afghanistan is NATO's highest operational priority, NATO Watch News talk to Assad Taliban Attack Kills 7 Georgian Sol- Brief, 21 May diers in Afghanistan, New York Times, Steve Bell Cartoon 7 June How the Afghan Conflict Will Be De- cided, National Journal, 20 May—a U.S., Germany, Italy commit to train- horrific week for US casualties reaf- The Guardian, 18 June ing roles in post-2014 Afghanistan, firms President Obama’s rush to rely Washington Post, 5 June on the Afghan army. But can they NATO fleshes out details of smaller, handle it?

Issue No.43 June 2013 Page 4 Commentary and Reports stan Regional Forum No. 8, May 2013 Westminster’s Take On Future Of Afghanistan – Analysis, Monish Gulati, The Logistical Challenges Confronting Tales in a Kabul Restaurant, Kathy Eurasia Review, 18 May the Afghanistan Drawdown, The NATO Kelly, Truth-Out, 25 May 2013 Allied Command Operations (ACO) Afghanistan post-2014. Groping in Civil-Military Fusion Centre (CFC), the Dark? Jair van der Lijn, The cost of the intervention in Afghani- June 2013 Clingendel, Netherlands Institute of stan since 2001 will exceed $1tn. The human cost is incalculable. But western Why NATO Needs to remain commit- International Relations, May 2013 interests and the fate of a people still ted to Afghanistan after 2014, Krista Status of Developing Afghan Govern- hang in the balance. If we cannot finally Burns, The Atlantic Council of Can- ance and Lessons for Future Endeav- muster some decent strategy, there is ada, 12 June ors. Steve Sternlieb, Stability: Inter- some opiate in our culture more stupefy- national Journal of Security & Devel- ing than anything grown in Afghanistan Afghanistan: NATO's Mission Possible, opment, 2(1): 12, pp. 1-10, May Afghanistan: transitional relief, The M. Ashraf Haidari, Foreign Policy, 6 2013 Guardian editorial, 12 May—more effort June is being put into crafting a face-saving For Europe in Afghanistan, Long-term narrative or keeping the country out of The Withdrawal of NATO Forces and Commitment Despite Lack of Inter- the news altogether the Prospects for Afghan-Tajik Rela- ests, Valentina Pasquali, World Poli- tions, Kosimsho Iskandarov, Afghani- tics Review, 20 May

Arctic Security: Cyber Security:

NATO Rejects Direct Arctic Pres- NATO enlisted in cyber security ence, Defense News, 29 May efforts, The Baltic Times, 12 June Secret cyber directive calls for Arms Control: ability to attack without warning, Washington Post, 7 June— President Obama called on na- NATO Inspectors Fly ‘Open Skies’ tional security leaders to develop destructive cyberwarfare Mission Over Russia, RIA Novosti, 3 capabilities that could be trig- June NATO defence ministers to discuss gered with “little or no warning” cyber security, New Europe, 31 May against adversaries around the world, NATO and its Partners to discuss non- according to a top-secret document Cyber War Will Not Take Place”: Dr proliferation and disarmament chal- Thomas Rid presents his book at lenges , NATO News, 3 June—the NATO countries to mull options for NATO Headquarters“, NATO News, 31 ninth Annual NATO Conference on mutual cyber assistance, Navy Times, May—author Dr Thomas Rid pre- WMD Arms Control, Disarmament and 6 June sented his book Cyber War Will Not Non-proliferation is taking place this Take Place and took part in a discus- year in the Croatian town of Split on NATO boosts cyber defences but sion organised by the NATO Multime- 6th and 7th May. Hosted by the Croa- members differ on its role, Reuters, 5 dia Library on 7 May 2013 tian Ministry of Foreign and European June Affairs, the event will bring together NATO members agree on quick- Ministers to meet to review NATO's senior officials from countries on four response cyber attack teams, cyber defences, Chicago Tribune, 30 continents and the major interna- Deutsche Welle, 4 June May tional organizations Nato suffered 2,500 cyber attacks in Battlefield Internet: NATO's geek bri- ‘The Role of Arms Control, Disarma- 2012, The Telegraph, 4 June gade fights online foes, Denver Post, ment and Non-Proliferation in Today’s 28 May Security Policy’, Remarks by German White-hat hacker fights cyber intru- Commissioner for Arms Control and sions on NATO systems, NATO News, Is 'cyber war' just a scare tactic? Disarmament, Ambassador Rolf Nikel, 3 June—Cyber attacks around the Mercury-Register, 24 May at the Annual NATO-Conference on world are becoming more frequent, NATO's geek brigade, Global Post, 22 WMD Arms Control, Disarmament and alarming and complex. Our intercon- May—with cyber war pegged as a Non-Proliferation in Split, 6-7 May nected societies depend on new tech- serious threat, NATO is prepared to nologies, which are constantly being respond with real force probed for vulnerabilities to exploit. NATO calls on the skills of cyber- EU invites NATO to boost cyber alli- Counter-Terrorism: security experts to assess its com- ance, Hurriyet Daily News, 20 May puter networks and takes measures NATO experts and industry leaders to avert and defend against cyber Cyber Threat Top Concern for NATO, Voice of America, 13 May discuss counter-terrorism, NATO attacks (photo credit: NATO) News, 10 May—counter-terrorism was Arms production goes cyber: a chal- at the top of the agenda during dis- NATO's Next War—in Cyberspace, lenge for arms control, Vincent Bou- cussions between NATO experts and Anders Fogh Rasmussen, Wall Street lanin, SIPRI, 13 May industry leaders at the Counter Terror Journal, 2 June—the Atlantic Alliance Expo in London on 24 and 25 April protected its members during the age Are Cyber-Weapons Effective?, 2013 of the Berlin Wall. We must be pre- Ivanka Barzashka (2013), The RUSI pared to protect them during the age Journal, 158:2, 48-56, 28 April of the firewall

Issue No.43 June 2013 Page 5 Defence Budgets, Procurement and Private Military Companies: Energy Security:

Defense cuts 'hollowing out' European NATO Unveils Intuitive Training Simu- NATO Defence Ministers agreed to armies: U.S. envoy, Reuters, 17 June lation Using Gesture Recognition enhance NATO’s role in energy secu- Technology, heraldonline.com, 22 rity, The Lithuanian Tribune, 6 June NATO Needs Members to Develop May Distributed Capability, Defense News, NATO and partners discuss emerging 14 June NATO Leader Calls for Embracing In- risks to energy security at conference novation, Signal Magazine, 15 May Airbus A400M delivery could slip into in Baku, NATO News, 4 June— July: sources, Reuters, 10 June ♠♠ Guns, Debt and Corruption— Emerging risks to energy security are Military spending and the EU crisis, of concern to NATO Allies and part- NATO Adopts Microsoft’s Kinect Tech- Frank Slijper, April 2013—High levels ners alike. The cross-cutting charac- nology for Training, Technorati, 8 of military spending played a key role ter of these risks was the focus of a June in the unfolding economic crisis in conference in Baku, Azerbaijan, on 22 and 23 May, organised by Azerbai- The Cold War Redux? Are Washing- Europe and continues to undermine jan’s Diplomatic Academy and Minis- ton, Moscow, and Beijing Using the efforts to resolve it. try of Foreign Affairs together with Global Arms Trade to Create a New Austerity in Europe? Tighten the mili- the US State Department and NATO’s Cold War? Michael T. Klare, TomDis- tary belt, Frank Slijper, Open Democ- Emerging Security Challenges Divi- patch.com, 30 May racy, 24 April sion NATO Hunts Operational and Strate- gic Sims, Defense News, 24 May

Drones: Deprivation of Citizenship and the Targeted Killing of Caught in the Crossfire: NATO- Euro Hawk, Financial Times, 27 May Britons Pakistani Relations and the American NATO drone project set to continue, This is an edited extract of a note of a Drone Program, Avery Bruenjes, The Deutsche Welle, 24 May meeting of the UK All Party Atlantic Council of Canada, 17 June Parliamentary Group on Drones, held Obama, in a Shift, to Limit Targets of Aerospace trio campaigns for Euro- on 15 May 2013. Read the full version Drone Strikes, New York Times, 22 pean drone programme, Financial here May Times, 16 June ... the estimated current number of Drones: Myths and Reality in Paki- ♠♠ UK's use of drones in Afghanistan casualties from drone strikes is in stan, International Crisis Group, Asia 'may be in breach of international excess of 3,000; the result of Report No.247, 21 May—drone law', The Guardian, 8 June approximately 420 strikes. strikes alone will not eliminate the ….research indicates that between 15 Pakistan PM Nawaz Sharif urges end jihadi threat in Pakistan’s Federally and 17 UK citizens had so far been to US drone strikes, BBC News, 5 Administered Tribal Areas. Extension killed in US covert airstrikes. This June of Pakistani law and full constitu- was the highest number of victims tional rights to the region is the only German minister defends ditching of from any Western country; followed long-term solution drone deal, Financial Times, 5 June by Germany and the United States. Germany's NATO drone project hits Germany signals it will stick with ...the issue of intelligence sharing EU snags, Deutsche Welle, 15 May NATO drone plan, Reuters, 4 June between states for the purposes of Pilotless Planes, Pacific Tensions, drone strikes. The German Report: US drone attacks via US Richard Parker, New York Times, 12 government has banned intelligence bases in Germany, Deutsche Welle, May sharing with the US, where such 31 May information might lead to the targeted Talking in Circles, Micah Zenko, For- Semi-autonomous killer drones from killing of their citizens, as they eign Policy, 9 May—why Harold Koh's around the globe, John Reed, Foreign believed EU law was clear that this big speech on targeted killings is just Policy, 29 May was not allowed. more of the same, intentional Obama Northrop and EADS in rescue call for muddle ... the practice of the UK government setting citizens up for assassination was not new and has been seen previously in Northern Ireland; for example, in the sharing of information with Loyalists, as highlighted in the recent Da Silva Report. The discussion concluded with a consideration of the proliferation of drone technology and the impact this was having on the nature of modern warfare.

Page 6 Enlargement and Partnerships:

To NATO Than Saakashvili? Eura- Keeping Focus: Why NATO should be NATO (El Tiempo, Colombia), World- siaNet, 28 May careful in Latin America, Diana MeetsUS, 12 June Rivera, The Atlantic Council of Can- Georgia Looking Better for NATO, Colombia good fit for NATO, Carlos ada, 13 June Michael Cesire, The National Interest, Montaner, Miami Herald, 10 June Is patience with NATO wearing thin in 24 May Bolivia Requests UNASUR Meeting Western Balkans? Public Service Ireland Europe, 11 June over Colombia-NATO Links, Escam- bray, 7 June Ireland: NATO or Neutrality, Emily NATO, Asian countries together at the Simonin, The Atlantic Council of Can- Shangri-La Dialogue, NATO News, 3 NATO Rules Out Colombia Member- ada, 13 June June—the Chairman of NATO's Mili- ship, Defense News, 4 June tary Committee, General Knud Colombia minister rules out NATO Neutrality debate: 'Cold War relic Bartels, attended the 12th Interna- membership despite president’s sug- NATO should be shut down', An tional Institute for Strategic Studies gestion it’s possible, Washington Post, Phoblacht, 15 May (IISS) Asia Security Summit ''The 4 June Shangri-La Dialogue 2013'' in Singa- Israel pore from 31 May to 2 June Colombia heads toward NATO membership, New Straits Times, 2 June NATO and the Israel connection, ‘NATO’s door remains open’, NATO Neville Teller, Jerusalem Post, 5 June Secretary General’s video blog, 24 Cyprus May Moldova Our View: Without a Cyprus settlement it will Azerbaijan be difficult to exploit our hydrocarbons, Cyprus Rasmussen: NATO Open To Closer Mail, 10 May Ties With Moldova, RTT News, 15 Azerbaijan, NATO discuss cooperation June and Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, Finland NATO Secretary General: Alliance News.Az, 31 May President: NATO door not closing, YLE open to closer ties with Moldova, Azerbaijan: We Want Neither NATO News, 18 June NATO News, 14 June—NATO Secre- Nor CSTO -- For Now, EurasiaNet, 26 tary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen May Finns wary of following Sweden into told Moldova’s Prime Minister that the NATO, survey says, Alaska Dispatch, Alliance stood ready to develop closer Azerbaijan’s security minister meets 16 June ties during talks at NATO HQ senior NATO official, Azer News, 24 May Finnish PM seeks public debate about Expanding scientific cooperation with country’s NATO membership, The Moldova, NATO News, 13 June— Conference on security highlights Turkish Weekly, 27 May Moldovan scientists shared experi- Azerbaijan's role as NATO partner, ences and discussed opportunities for Azer News, 22 May Georgia future cooperation under the NATO Brazil Georgia closes 2 bases in Afghanistan Science for Peace and Security Pro- after bomb attacks kill 10 but its gramme ‘Information Days’ in Chisi- The NATO Defense College in Brazil - troops will stay, Washington Post, 13 nau on 5 and 6 June. 8 May: Europe Day Conference ''A June Secure Europe in a Multipolar World'', Montenegro NATO Week raises awareness of NATO News, 22 May (photo credit: Opinion formers from Montenegro Georgia’s path to integration, NATO NATO) visit NATO, NATO News, 21 May— News, 12 June—the annual NATO Representatives of Montenegrin civil Week in Georgia was launched on 3 society visited NATO HQ in Brussels June. The opening ceremony was and Allied Command Operations in followed by a seminar involving rep- Mons, Belgium, on 14 and 15 May. resentatives from three Western Bal- The visit provided an opportunity to kans countries that, like Georgia, discuss NATO’s current agenda and aspire to NATO membership. In paral- its relations with Montenegro, which lel, a two-day event briefed Georgian is a candidate for NATO membership journalists about NATO’s current policies and agenda. Other events involv- Sweden ing school children, students, and representatives of civil society and Extend Sweden's Afghan mission past local and national media took place Nato's: Bildt, The Local,.se, 13 May across the country Swedish angst as Russia mocks its The NATO Defense College in Brazil - NATO Defense Ministers Reaffirm supertroopers, Financial Times, 9 May 9 May: Roundtable Meeting on Brazil Support For Georgia's Reform Efforts, and the Euro-Atlantic Area, NATO RTT News, 5 June Ukraine News, 21 May NATO Watching Georgia Border Situa- Yanukovych signs decree on Ukraine- Colombia tion 'With Interest’, RIA Novosti, 5 NATO annual cooperation programs, June Kyiv Post, 12 June The Craziest Idea for NATO Expansion Yet, Daniel Larison, The American NATO Disturbed by S.Ossetia Border Uzbekistan Conservative, 13 June Fences, RIA Novosti, 3 June NATO To Open Liaison Office In Uz- Why Colombia Needs to Partner with Is Ivanishvili Getting Georgia Closer bekistan, EurasiaNet, 26 May

Page 7 Environmental Security: Maritime Security: Missile Defence:

NATO action rescues Indian ship, NATO Deputy Secretary General’s ♠♠ Ecology Lessons From the Cold Times of Oman, 8 June enthusiasm for missile defence is un- War, Jacob Darwin Hamblin, New diminished, despite Russian opposi- York Times, 29 May 14 Indian sailors safe as EU, NATO tion, NATO Watch News Brief, 17 June ships thwart pirate attack, Zee News, 7 June Why Russia won’t deal on NATO missile defence, Yousaf Butt, Reuters, 17

June Exercises: For further info on issues related to maritime security, including sea piracy as well NATO and Missile Defence, Speech by as maritime terrorism, see the NATO Lib NATO Deputy Secretary General Am- Eagle Lion 2013: a NATO exercise in guide here bassador Alexander Vershbow at the all but name? NATO Watch News 2013 RUSI Missile Defence Confer- Brief, 13 June ence, London, 12 June NATO Starts Security Drills in the U.S. Antimissile Tech's Effectiveness Baltics, RIA Novosti, 3 June Remains in Doubt: Report, Global Security Newswire, 24 May Russian deputies, NATO to discuss European missile defense, Russia Kosovo: Beyond the Headlines, 20 May U.S. Destroys Fake Ballistic Missile in Kosovo: 'Freedom Day' marks arrival Test, Global Security Newswire, 16 of NATO troops, ANSAmed, 12 June May Obama Reportedly Offers Putin Deal on Sharing of Antimissile Data, Global Security Newswire, 16 May Libya: GAO Cites Risky Antimissile Procure- ment Practices, Global Security News- wire, 13 May NATO returns to Libya but not in a NATO News, 27 May—NATO Secretary combat role, NATO Watch Comment, General told Libya’s Prime Minister Ali 13 June Zeidan that the Alliance was proud of Libya Doesn’t Need More Militias, the role NATO played to protect the Frederic Wehrey, New York Times, 10 Libyan people and to fulfill the historic June mandate of the UN Security Council. Stressing NATO’s expertise in the re- NATO to Send Team to Libya to As- form of security and defence sectors, sess Security Aid, New York Times, 4 especially when it comes to institu- June tional education and training, Mr Fogh NATO to send expert mission to Rasmussen told the Prime Minister: Libya, Boston.com, 4 June “We stand ready to help the Libyan government in these areas, where you NATO to send expert team to Libya to need us and where we can add value.” assess aid request, NATO News, 4 The Secretary General said, “I am con- June—NATO Secretary General said fident we can develop our relationship ahead of the start of the NATO De- to help build the new Libya, as a safe fence Ministerial that Allied nations and secure country.” have decided to send an expert-level delegation to Libya to identify areas When Libyans Die From NATO Air- where NATO can provide assistance. strikes, It's Not Benghazi, Peter Hart, “Last week the Libyan government FAIR blog, 10 May requested NATO’s advice in the security field. We have already moved fast to respond,” Rasmussen said U.S., NATO allies to consider Libya Mali: military training mission, Washington Post, 3 June Mali’s Challenges Post-French Inter- (A Standard Missile (SM 2) is fired from NATO To Discuss Libya Training, Af- vention, Anouar Boukhars, CEIP, 23 the Royal Australian Navy guided- ghanistan, NPR, 3 June May—The Malian army is still weak and missile frigate HMAS Sydney (FFG 3) disorganized, and the African forces during a live-fire exercise near the Pa- NATO to discuss training Libyan secu- cific Missile Range off the coast of Ha- deployed to secure the north face a rity forces: U.S. official, Reuters, 3 waii. Sydney was on a Mid Pacific June number of challenges. Islamist mili- (MIDPAC) deployment to test and tants retain a significant ability to be a evaluate the Anti-Ship Missile Defence Libyan Prime Minister Visits NATO major nuisance for stability operations, (ASMD) upgrade. Photo credit: Royal Headquarters, RTT News, 27 May reconstruction and peace-building Australian Navy/ flickr) Libyan Prime Minister visits NATO ,

Page 8 NATO Defence Chiefs Meeting:

NATO military commanders get together to Forces, to achieve best decide how to advise political leaders, value for money while building on Europe (as of 13 May) and General NATO Watch Briefing Paper No.36, 20 lessons learned from operations Jean-Paul Paloméros, Supreme Allied May (photo credit: NATO) Commander, Transformation supported sessions with their insights NATO Chiefs of Defence discuss Af- NATO Chiefs of Defence Meeting - ghanistan, Partnerships and Transfor- Closing remarks - Q&A Session, NATO NATO Defense Chiefs Meet to Discuss mation, NATO News, 16 May—NATO TV channel/ You Tube, 15 May Afghanistan, More, US Department of Chiefs of Defence reaffirmed their Defense, 14 May 169th NATO Chiefs of Defence meet- commitment to support the ISAF ing, NATO News, 14 May—NATO and Commander over the next 19 Partners’ Chiefs of Defence gathered months, which will be crucial in deter- at NATO HQ on 14-15 May for the mining the outcome of the mission. second Military Committee in Chiefs The Military Committee also discussed of Defence format of 2013. General opportunities to deepen military-to- Knud Bartels, Chairman of the Military military cooperation with NATO Part- Committee, chaired the discussions ners. Delving into transformation, on NATO Transformation, Afghanistan they expressed support for ongoing post-2014, Kosovo and Special Part- and future initiatives, particularly nerships. General Philip Breedlove, Smart Defence and the Connected new Supreme Allied Commander,

NATO Defence Ministers Meeting:

sen (photo credit: NATO) the Allies Defence Ministers reaffirm Cyber Defence, Afghanistan tops NATO Defence Ministers Meeting - June NATO support for Georgia’s reform June Ministerial Agenda, NATO News, 4 2013: Keeping NATO 'Capable', efforts, NATO News, 5 June—NATO June—NATO Defence Ministers held a first NATO Watch Briefing Paper No.37, Defence Ministers met with their round-table discussion dedicated to cyber 12 June Georgian counterpart Irakli Alasania defence at their two-day June ministerial NATO Defense Chiefs Discuss Post- in the NATO-Georgia Commission and talks. The mission in Afghanistan, capa- 2014 Afghan Mission, Georgia, Ra- discussed Georgia’s reform plans and bilities and a meeting of the NATO- dio Free Europe/ Radio Liberty, 5 further opportunities for cooperation. Georgia Commission also featured on the June Ministers also thanked Georgia, the ministerial agenda biggest non-NATO contributor to NATO Defence Ministers endorse ISAF, for the significant contribution concept for new post-2014 mission to NATO-led operations in Afghanistan, NATO News, 5 June—NATO Defence Ministers en- Defence Ministers make progress on dorsed the detailed concept for the cyber protection, NATO News, 4 new NATO-led mission to train, ad- June—in their first-ever meeting vise and assist the Afghan security dedicated to cyber defence, NATO forces after 2014. “That concept will Defence Ministers agreed that the guide our military experts as they Alliance’s cyber-defence capability finalise the plan in the course of the should be fully operational by the coming months,” said NATO Secre- autumn, extending protection to all tary General Anders Fogh Rasmus- the networks owned and operated by

NATO Parliamentary Assembly— to Enhance Cohabitation Spring Session, Luxembourg 17-20 May 2013: 19 May 2013 - Legislators debate strategic impact of shale revolution 18 May 2013 - EU Invites NATO to Boost Cyber NATO MPs to visit Israel to examine General at the joint meeting of the Co-operation weapons R&D, Jerusalem Post, 19 North Atlantic Council and NATO Par- 18 May 2013 - NATO urged to build on ties May liamentary Assembly in Luxembourg with Asia-Pacific nations NATO not to become global organi- Session News: 18 May 2013 - Parliamentarians from NATO countries debate Syrian conflict zation: NATO PA president, Xinhua, 20 May 2013 - NATO faces long, costly 18 May commitment to Afghan military 17 May 2013 - NATO Allies Urged to Shortlist Key Defence Needs MKs to talk Iran, Syria at NATO 20 May 2013 - Economic Crisis an Oppor- tunity for NATO 15 May 2013 - NATO PA Spring Session and assembly, Jerusalem Post, 16 May joint meeting with the North Atlantic Council 19 May 2013, NATO Urged to Help Mali’s kicks off in Luxembourg Question and answer session follow- Military ing the speech by NATO Secretary 13 May 2013 - NATO PA President and Special 19 May 2013 - Georgian Politicians Urged Rapporteur on Sahel conclude visit to Mali

Page 9 Sandia National Laboratories hosts NATO visitors, Sandia Labs News NATO-Russia Relations: Release, 10 May—NATO delegates toured Sandia National Laboratories NATO, Russian Commanders In Gulf Russian parliamentarians meet top during a three-day visit highlighting Of Aden Hold Talks, RTT News, 12 officials at NATO Headquarters, NATO the labs’ programs that support ex- June News, 27 May—Members of the Rus- tended deterrence to US allies, as sian State Duma and Federation well as broader national security pro- NATO expansion in Nordics would Council talked to senior NATO officials grams ranging from homeland secu- force Russian response -Medvedev, about NATO’s current agenda and its rity to preventing the proliferation of Reuters, 4 June relations with Russia during a visit to weapons of mass destruction Russian Emergency Minister Visits NATO HQ on 21 May. The parliamen- U.N. Disarmament Chief Calls for NATO Headquarters, RTT News, 31 tarians, who are members of the Rus- NATO to Study Eliminating Nukes, May sian delegation to the NATO Parlia- Global Security Newswire, 10 May mentary Assembly, had just attended NATO, Russia to hold joint drills, ex- the spring session of the NPA in Lux- Strong-Armed Tactics, Alexander change experience in tackling emer- embourg Golts, The Moscow Times, 5 May gency situations, Russia Beyond the Headlines, 31 May Mixed messages at Moscow Security Enacting the Prague Vision—Joint Conference, Blouin News, 25 May NATO and Russia committed to boost letter from parliamentarians of NATO cooperation on civil emergency plan- CSTO, NATO may resume effort to set countries to US President Obama on ning, NATO News, 31 May—NATO and up common European security sys- the occasion of the 4th anniversary of Russia committed to boosting their tem, The Journal of Turkish Weekly, his 2009 Prague speech, Prague, 4 cooperation on civil emergency plan- 22 May April - the letter was co-signed by ning and disaster preparedness dur- 39 parliamentarians from 11 NATO Russia and NATO to debate security ing a meeting held on 31 May be- countries – Belgium, Canada, the issues at Moscow conference, The tween NATO Deputy Secretary Gen- Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Journal of Turkish Weekly, 22 May eral Ambassador Alexander Vershbow Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Norway, and Vladimir Puchkov, Russian Minis- Cooperation with NATO essential - Slovakia and United Kingdom ter for Civil Defence, Emergency senior Russian official, Russia Beyond Disarm, dismantle and make a profit, Situations and Disaster Relief the Headlines, 18 May IKV Pax Christi, April 2013—debates Russia, NATO to Hold Joint Black Sea NATO Expansion And Russia: You're are ongoing in nuclear armed arse- Drills, RIA Novosti, 28 May Not Paranoid If They Really Are Out nals. The full life cycle costs of nu- To Get You, Mark Adomanis, Forbes, clear weapons are rarely considered Need for New Thinking in Russia- 18 May in debates. This paper provides a NATO Relations, Richard Weitz, World cost-benefit analysis of nuclear mod- Politics Review, 28 May ernisation versus nuclear disarmament. It looks at the materials that put the nuclear in nuclear weapons, and examines costs associated with getting these materials out of bombs, Nuclear Weapons: out of military stockpiles, and into the commercial nuclear market. The study comes to a clear conclusion: Obama has plans to cut U.S. Nuclear 17 May when one examines the math and the Arsenal, if Russia Reciprocates, New potential profits to be made, the York Times, 18 June NATO delegation visits nuclear weap- choice is obvious: disarm, down- ons laboratory in New Mexico: so blend and make a profit. One-time Leaders May Face Charges what about a Strategic Concept on for Discussing Dutch-Based Nukes, nuclear disarmament? NATO Watch Global Security Newswire, 14 June Comment, 15 May Nukes in Europe: Secrecy Under Confidence-building on tactical nu- Siege, Hans Kristensen, FAS Strategic clear weapons: What’s on the table? Security Blog, 13 June Anne Finger and Oliver Meier, Insti- tute for Peace Research and Security The end of ambiguity, the beginning Policy, May 2013 of transparency? NATO Watch Com- ment, 13 June NATO’s Nuclear Guardians: Why NATO’s bureaucracy is unable to initi- US nuclear bombs 'based in Nether- ate change to, or support reform of, lands' - ex-Dutch PM Lubbers, BBC Alliance nuclear policy, Edmond (Ted) News, 10 June E. Seay III, ACA, BASIC, IFSH, May ♠♠ The nuclear bomb we don't need, 2013 Steve Andreasen, LA Times, 6 June— The Role of Arms Control, Disarma- the American B61 is a massively ex- ment and Non-Proliferation in Today’s pensive investment that provides no Security Policy, Remarks by Ambas- real military capability and no real sador Rolf Nikel, German Commis- deterrence in today's Europe sioner for Arms Control and Disarma- Throwing Money at Nukes, New York ment, Annual NATO-Conference on Times Editorial, 26 May WMD Arms Control, Disarmament and Non-Proliferation, May 2013 ♠♠ 1983: The Most Dangerous Year of the Cold War, History News Network,

Page 10 Responsibility to The 1983 War Scare Protect (R2P): Soviet "Huffing and Puffing?" "Crying Wolf?" "Rattling Pots and Pans?"

US DOD Releases Doctrine on Mass or "A Real Worry That We Could Come into Conflict through Atrocity Response Operations, NATO Watch News Brief, 18 June Miscalculation?" Stop Mass Atrocities: Advancing EU Cooperation with Other International Largest On-Line Set of Primary Sources on "The Last Paroxysm" of the Organizations, Edited by Luis Peral Cold War Suggests ... Both and Nicoletta Pirozzi, IAI Research Paper, Edizioni Nuova Cultera, EU National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 426 Institute for Security Studies, Istituto Affari Internazionali, April 2013 PART 1 OF 3 POSTINGS Scottish Independ- Posted – May 16, 2013 ence and NATO: Edited by Nate Jones Assisted by Lauren Harper With Document Contributions from Svetlana Savranskaya Scottish independence: Trident is ‘ticket to Nato’, The Scotsman, 14 June

Syria Crisis:

U.S. Mulls Bombing Syrian Chem 80,000 dead in the civil war are insuf- Ankara and Washington Need an Am- Sites: Report, Global Security News- ficient to justify military intervention bitious Approach to Syria, Sinan Ül- wire, 19 June under humanitarian law, then why gen, Carnegie Europe, 16 May would a few fatalities from Syria no-fly zone not on NATO's (supposed) chemical weapons sway ♠♠ The Hard Realities of Syria, James agenda: U.S. envoy, Reuters, 17 June the international community? Is it Farwell and Rafal Rohozinski, Defen- ceIQ, 15 May Iran to send 4,000 troops to aid perhaps that "80,000" is already a President Assad forces in Syria, "statistic," while politicians are look- Can Russia and the West End Syria’s Robert Fisk, The Independent, 16 ing for a "tragedy"? Chaos? Marc Pierini, Carnegie Article, June—US urges UK and France to join The Syrian Civil War: Chemical Weap- 14 May in supplying arms to Syrian rebels as ons Assessment, Can Kasapoğlu and Interview: NATO Supreme Allied MPs fear that UK will be drawn into F. Doruk Ergun, EDAM Discussion growing conflict Commander on Syria and Soft Power, Paper Series 2013/7, 6 June The Atlantic, 9 May White House: Syria Has Used Chemi- Hagel, NATO ministers discuss Syria cal Weapons, Global Security News- chemical weapons but no alliance As we widen our aperture from wire, 14 June action expected, Washington Post, 5 counterinsurgency against June NATO: chemical arms use in Syria opponents with a limited range of breaks international law, Reuters, 14 U.S. Considers Deploying Patriots to capabilities in Iraq and Afghanistan June Jordan, Global Security Newswire, 3 to full-spectrum decisive action NATO Head 'Concerned' by Syrian June operations against threats with Chemical Weapons Use, RIA Novosti, NATO head says political option best some high and asymmetric 14 June for Syria, CNN, 31 May capabilities across the globe, we The U.S. has 5,000 troops in Syria's NATO Secretary General rejects west- are training to detect and mitigate backyard, John Reed, Foreign Policy, ern military role in Syria, CBS News, chemical and biological weapons 10 June 31 May threats, While we could (How) Can NATO Respond to the Syr- Obama Directs Military to Prepare theoretically secure such ian Crisis? Samantha Black, The At- Plans for No-Fly-Zone in Syria: Offi- stockpiles, we would need other lantic Council of Canada, 7 June cials, Global Security Newswire, 29 specialists to come in and Obama's Red Lines Hold Up; Syrian May accomplish the destruction of these CW Claims Do Not, Jean Pascal Zand- Syria: Arms Sans Frontières, The stockpiles. ers, atlantic-community.org, 7 June— Guardian editorial, 28 May—it is no evidence of chemical warfare simply exaggeration to say that the Syrian Maj. Gen. John W. Nicholson Jr., does not hold up. Obama's red line is conflict could spill over a region ex- commander of the US 82nd Airborne not wavering. Western democracies tending from the Straits of Hormuz to Division, cited in Washington Post, 19 cannot afford another Curveball. If the Mediterranean June 2013 transatlantic leaders believe that

Page 11 Transatlantic Cooperation:

Strengthening IMS-EUMS complemen- US Army Creates NATO Rapid- NATO Stresses Continuity as tarity, NATO News, 11 June—NATO Deployment Forces, military.com, 29 Breedlove Succeeds Stavridis, US International Military Staff (IMS) and May DoD, 13 May European Union Military Staff (EUMS) Withdrawing US Forces from Europe Breedlove Takes Charge Of European Directors convened at NATO HQ for Weakens America, Luke Coffey, Eura- Command, Eurasia Review, 12 May the first high-level military conference sia Review, 25 May of 2013 Parliamentary Update No. 30, ISIS And what will Europe do? The Euro- Europe, Delegation for relations with Lisbon Treaty: A Healthy Redundancy pean Council and Military Strategy, the NATO Parliamentary Assembly, 7 to NATO, Kathy Liu, The Atlantic Sven Biscop, Security Policy Brief 46, May 2013—Exchange of views with Council of Canada, 7 June Egmont Royal Institute for Interna- experts on ‘Defence capabilities – EU EU Defense Integration: Undermining tional Affairs, May 2013—important and NATO perspective ahead of the NATO, Transatlantic Relations, and decisions on Europe’s military capa- December Council’ in view of the Europe’s Security, Luke Coffey, Heri- bilities are expected from the Decem- NATO PA Spring Session in Luxem- tage Foundation, 6 June ber 2013 European Council. But why? bourg City, 17-20 May 2013 What do Europeans actually want to US support for NATO's Response do with their capabilities? Force, from afar, NATO Watch News Brief, 1 June

Transparency & Security News from NATO Accountability: Member States: Open Society, Others Issue Principles on Security, RTI, NATO Watch News Brief, 15 June Albania ‘Poland—A staunch Ally’, video blog by NATO Secretary General, 6 June The Making of a Global Security Albania hosts for NATO Air Traffic State—The Five Uncontrollable Urges Management Committee meeting, Poland set for biggest-ever increase of a Secrecy-Surveillance World, Tom Balkans.com, 30 May in military spending, Financial Times, Engelhardt, TomDispatch.com, 16 June 19 May Czech Republic Automatic for the People, Rosa Brooks, Romania Foreign Policy, 30 May—How to end NATO expects Czechs to meet com- Geopolitical Journey: The Search for Obama's culture of secrecy in just a mitments amid current crisis, Prague Belonging and Ballistic Missile De- few lines of code. Daily Monitor, 17 June fense in Romania, George Friedman, Freedom Begins at Home, Suzanne Estonia Stratfor, 29 May Nossel, Foreign Policy, 23 May—how Estonia completes military drills with Romanian president, NATO SG Ras- can the Obama administration credibly NATO allies, RIA Novosti, 26 May mussen put to test rumors about promote freedom of speech abroad Romanian candidate for NATO chief while restricting it in the United seat, Romania-insider.com, 27 May States? France The French White Paper on Defence NATO's Rasmussen: Romania has a and National Security, Jean-Marie strong position inside NATO, ACTme- Collin, BASIC Blog, 14 May dia, 24 May Germany Joint Press Conference: NATO Secre- Upcoming Events: tary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen Defense ministry was aware of Euro and President of Romania Traian Băs- Hawk doubts, Deutsche Welle, 22 escu, NATO News/ You Tube, 24 May Redrawing the Security Map, Interna- May Aurescu: We dismiss idea we do not tional Conference, Palais d'Egmont, Drone use raises ethical questions in need missile shield; I can agree it Brussels, 27 June—SecDef is an an- Germany, Deutsche Welle, 18 May has symbolical value too, ACTmedia, nual high-level conference organised 20 May by the Security & Defence Agenda, Norway the European Company for Strategic Turkey Intelligence and the Konrad-Adenauer Norway becomes first NATO country -Stiftung. It gathers several hundred to draft women into military, Reuters, How Democratic Is Turkey? Steven senior decision-makers from EU insti- 14 June Cook and Michael Koplow, Foreign Policy, 3 June—Not as democratic as tutions, NATO's Secretary General meets with Washington thinks it is NATO, na- Prime Minister, Norway Post, 9 May tional gov- Erdogan's Dilemma, Sinan Ülgen, ernments, Poland Foreign Policy, 2 June industry, civil society NATO Chief Praises Poland's Contribu- Turkey's Violent Protests in Context, and the tions To Afghan, Kosovo Missions, Stratfor, 2 June media RTT News, 6 June

Page 12 Turkey as a regional foreign policy ‘Discussing NATO's future with Presi- Continued from p.2 actor, Marc Pierini, Hurriyet Daily dent Obama’, NATO Secretary Gen- News, 13 May eral’s video blog, 31 May independent from the Afghan Taliban Turkey blames Syria over Reyhanli NATO Secretary General meets senior and are fighting for the bombings, The Guardian, 12 May— US officials, NATO News, 31 May— implementation of Sharia Law in nine Turks arrested but foreign minis- NATO Secretary General met the US Pakistan. We will continue to fight ter Ahmet Davutoglu says Assad re- Secretary of State John Kerry, Na- against the drone attacks, and gime was behind blasts in which 46 tional Security Advisor Tom Donilon Pakistan army and government, who people died and other senior US officials in Wash- are under US influence”. ington D.C. They discussed a range of Car Bombings Kill Dozens in Center of Jonathan Beale, BBC correspondent issues on NATO's agenda, including in Kabul, reports: Turkish Town Near the Syrian Border, transition in Afghanistan, regional New York Times, 11 May developments and emerging chal- President Karzai clearly feels a sense lenges of anger and betrayal over the way the United Kingdom US made that announcement. His Naming Our Nameless War - How Afghanistan war has cost Britain more thought there would be a commitment Many Years Will It Be? Andrew J. than £37bn, new book claims, The from the Taliban to engage with the Bacevich, TomDispatch.com, 28 May Guardian, 30 May—Frank Ledwidge, Afghan government, to recognise the constitution and to renounce violence. author of Investment in Blood, says Nuclear Arsenal Subject to Pentagon None of those promises were made. failing, bloody campaign has cost Cuts, But New Subs May Escape Ax, Hopes that these talks with the Taliban £2,000 per UK household Global Security Newswire, 24 May will go very far must be fading fast. Lib Dems’ scaled-down Trident plan White House adviser on Afghanistan Without the involvement of the Afghan ‘risks thousands of jobs’, Financial nominated as new US envoy to NATO, government there is no peace process. Times, 29 May Stars and Stripes, 24 May Already tense relations with the US and President Karzai have reached a Trident UK’s best option, says review, "That Woman Is Worth Paying Atten- new low with the suspension of the Financial Times, 27 May tion To": Medea Benjamin Explains negotiations of the Bilateral Security Why She Disrupted Obama’s Speech, Hans Blix urges Britain to relinquish Agreement. On top of that the Taliban Democracy Now, 24 May Trident nuclear programme, The have given no indication that the Guardian, 26 May Pivoting From a War Footing, Obama fighting will end - carrying out an Acts to Curtail Drones, New York attack on the US military base in United States Times, 23 May—in a counterterrorism Bagram within hours of what was speech at Washington's National De- supposed to be an ‘important first The Terror Diaspora—The U.S. Mili- fense University, President Obama step’ towards reconciliation. tary and the Unraveling of Africa, Nick declared that "America is at a cross- President Karzai delivered a speech on Turse, TomDispatch.com, 18 June roads" and sought to redefine and ‘Afghanistan, the US and the Islamic The role of NATO in today's world, narrow the scope of the country's war World’ at the 10th US-Islamic World Mary Curtin, Minneapolis Star Trib- with al Qaeda and its affiliates. Parts Forum in Doha on 9 June. He spoke une, 15 June of this realignment include curtailing positively of the changes brought the use of drones in countries with about in his country by the post 9/11 ♠♠ Ivo Daalder, US Permanent Repre- which the US is not at war, recommit- arrival of US and NATO forces but “the sentative to NATO, BBC World Ser- ting to closing the detention facility at other side of the story, the war on vice—Hardtalk, 14 June—He’s Euro- Guantanamo Bay, seeking new limits terror as it began in 2001 and as it pean by birth; an American citizen by on the president's wartime power and moved forward till today has not been choice. But are those two outlooks returning the CIA to a more tradi- a happy one, has not been a happy becoming increasingly hard to recon- tional spy agency. The latter will re- story for us in Afghanistan or the cile? There’s tension over US surveil- quire a significant culture and genera- region”. lance that could affect Europeans; tional shift after more than a decade and a division in NATO between what of counterterrorism work and tar- He added that “the West as led by one US defence secretary calls those geted killing the United States needs to explain who pay – principally the Americans – itself to the Muslim world”, particularly and those who enjoy the benefits – How America Became a Third World what the objectives of the ‘war on the Europeans. As Ivo Daalder ends Country 2013-2023, Mattea Kramer terrorism’ are, while recognising its his term, does he think it’s time for and Jo Comerford, TomDispatch.com, failures as well as its achievements. He this 64-year-old veteran security or- 21 May concluded that “is much that we the ganisation to be pensioned off? Muslims have to correct in our own Where Has All the Money Gone? societies and governments” but that David Vine, TomDisaptch.com, 14 ♠♠ How Dystopian Secrecy Contrib- there is much work to do through the May—How Contractors Raked in $385 utes to Clueless Wars, Chase Madar, “good intentions [of] our Western Billion to Build and Support Bases TomDispatch.com, 11 June—Bradley friends and [of] the United States that Abroad since 2001 Manning Has Done More for US Secu- today they are not looking to the rity than SEAL Team 6 Muslim world from the perspective of Thursday Inbox: Is it appropriate to the colonial era”. send a retired general to be ambassa- An Army official told the WSJ, 10 In his closing press conference at the dor to USNATO? diplopundit.net, 6 NATO Defence Ministers meeting on 5 June May: "It is almost like the Army needs a therapist...go lie down in June, Secretary General Rasmussen said there had been “a productive 2014 NATO Summit announced dur- a dark room and think about ing discussions in Washington, NATO discussion on our mission in what does the nation expect of Watch News Brief, 3 June Afghanistan” and that the next step me and how am I going to do was taken by endorsing the detailed NATO Secretary General holds talks that?" with President Obama, NATO News, 1 Continued on p14 June

Page 13 Continued from p13 Representatives voting overwhelmingly to end the war in Afghanistan. An concept of the non-combat mission in amendment to the 2014 US National Afghanistan referred to as ‘Resolute Defense Authorization Act, which Support’. A US official told the passed 305-121, removes from the bill Washington Post that if a security language supporting a continued US deal is not signed by Presidents presence in Afghanistan, and instead Obama and Karzai, the US and NATO suggests that no troops should remain would have to pull all troops out of after 2014 without a clear Afghanistan by the end of 2014 and congressional authorization. N AT O W at c h that “such a move would call into question the long-term viability of the It was a decision, however, that US-trained and funded Afghan received virtually no coverage in US 13 North Erradale security forces”. mainstream media. And yet we sometimes wonder why the Executive Gairloch This has also been called into Scotland branches of some NATO governments question by the US House of seemingly ride roughshod over the IV21 2DS legislative branches when it comes to decisions to go to war in distant lands. E-mail: [email protected]

This is the most astounding and the most Promoting a more transparent astoundingly disturbing hearing that I've been to since I've been here. You guys and accountable NATO have essentially rewritten the Constitution here today Killing innocent people for an idea, whether Angus King, US Senator (I-Maine), on London’s streets or over Pakistan, is questioning the position taken by the DoD always wrong that the military has the right to go after Shaker Aamer, the last British resident held www.natowatch.org terrorists in any country that is failing to in Guantanamo Bay. Article dictated to his target them, cited by Global Security lawyer on 10 June 2013 and published in Newswire, 17 May 2013 The Guardian

on national security grounds "in any important interests including circumstances" (e.g. information on international relations, public order, End word: gross violations of human rights). public health and safety, law enforcement, future provision of free The Principles are the product of an National Security and open advice, effective policy international initiative, and they are not formulation, economic interests of the Secrecy and the Right the same as US policy writ large. In state, personal privacy and commercial fact, some of the Principles are confidentiality." to Know inconsistent with current US government practice. The Principles were developed in Steven Aftergood, SECRECY response to a wave of global interest in NEWS from the FAS Project on Thus, one principle would preclude the open government, the drafters said. Government Secrecy, Volume use of secret interpretations of law in 2013, Issue No. 55: June 13, the conduct of intelligence surveillance. "In 1989, only 13 countries had 2013 "The overall legal framework concerning access to information laws on their surveillance of all kinds, as well as the books. As of June 2013, 94 countries While almost everyone would agree procedures to be followed for have such laws, granting the right of that national security secrecy has a authorizing surveillance, selecting access to information, at least in theory, role to play in an open society, such targets of surveillance, and using, to more than 5.2 billion people in all secrecy must be carefully sharing, storing, and destroying parts of the world. People in these circumscribed if robust public access intercepted material, should be countries are, many for the first time, to government information is to be accessible to the public." (Principle grappling with how to keep information preserved. A set of principles that 10E). confidential pursuant to law rather than by culture or executive discretion." open societies around the world can Another principle would provide use to help guide and limit the strong protection to persons who It is the drafters' hope that "the application of secrecy was published publicly disclose government Principles will influence the development this week. wrongdoing involving classified and reform of laws and policies in information, under certain specified countries that aspire to comply, and to The new Principles on National conditions. (Principle 40). be seen by the international community Security and the Right to Know were to comply, with international law." generated by an international group of The tools of transparency can be used scholars, government officials, activists to attack an open society-- by infringing "As societies deal with the continuing and others convened by the Open on personal privacy, by violating conflict between the right to know and Society Justice Initiative in an attempt confidentiality in the exercise of claims of national security, as well as to define a global consensus on national religious freedom or free association, or how to evaluate acts of whistleblowers, security secrecy and to aid legislators by making sensitive military or these Principles will provide a and citizens around the world who may intelligence data available to violent compelling guide grounded in be new to the subject. fundamentalist adversaries. But in a experience and a deep commitment to briefing paper, the drafters of the the values of open society," said Morton The Principles present guidance on Principles disavow such actions. Halperin, senior advisor to the Open specific types of information that the Society Foundations. drafters believe may legitimately be "The aim of the Principles is not withheld from disclosure on national absolute or radical transparency. The security grounds (e.g. current war Principles, in keeping with international plans), as well as categories of law, recognize that the right of access information that should not be withheld to information may be limited by other