Distribution Statistique De La Taille Imaginale De Pterostichus Madidus
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Influence of Slug Defence Mechanisms on the Prey Preferences of the Carabid Predator Pterostichus Melanarius (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Eur. J. Entomol. 101: 359–364, 2004 ISSN 1210-5759 Influence of slug defence mechanisms on the prey preferences of the carabid predator Pterostichus melanarius (Coleoptera: Carabidae) PAVEL FOLTAN Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, CZ-37005 ýeské BudČjovice, Czech Republic; e-mail: [email protected] Key words. Slug, defence, food preference, prey preference, prey-choice, Limacidae, Arionidae, Agriolimacidae, Deroceras reticulatum, Limax, Arion, Carabidae, Pterostichus melanarius Abstract. Two-choice experiments on prey preferences of a generalist predator Pterostichus melanarius, and five species of slug prey, were conducted in the laboratory. Different preferences of P. melanarius for each of the slug species are described. They are interpreted as the outcome of differing slug species-specific defence mechanisms. The influence of hunger level, temperature, day/light period, condition of slugs and beetles, weight of slugs and beetles, and the sex of beetles were controlled experimentally or statistically. The order of slug species preference for predation by P. melanarius was: Deroceras reticulatum (Agriolimacidae), Malacolimax tenellus, Lehmania marginata (Limacidae), Arion distinctus and A. subfuscus (Arionidae). Efficiency of slugs’ species- specific defence mechanisms reflected their phylogeny. Defence mechanisms of slugs from the superfamily Arionoidea were signifi- cantly more effective at deterring an attack of non-specialised ground beetles than the defence mechanisms of slugs from Limacoidea superfamily. P. melanarius significantly preferred Agriolimacidae to Limacidae, and Limacidae to Arionidae. Slug spe- cies was the strongest factor influencing prey preferences of P. melanarius amongst slug prey. Surprisingly, this preference was much more significant than the slug weight. Weight and sex of P. -
Mapping Biodiversity in a Modified Landscape Charlotte Louise Owen
Mapping biodiversity in a modified landscape Charlotte Louise Owen 2008 Athesissubmittedinpartialfulfilmentofthe requirementsforthedegreeofMasterofScienceandthe DiplomaofImperialCollegeLondon Contents Abstract 1 1. Introduction 2 1.1Conservationinmodifiedlandscapes 2 1.2Mapping biodiversityatthe landscapescale 2 1.3Projectaimsandobjectives 4 2. Background 5 2.1Betadiversity 5 2.2Characteristicsofmodifiedlandscapes 6 2.3Carabidsasa bioindicator 8 2.4Carabidsinmodifiedlandscapes 9 2.5Thestudysite 11 3. Methods 13 3.1Selectionofsamplingsites 13 3.2Fieldsampling 14 3.3Environmentalvariables 15 3.4Statisticalanalysis 15 3.4.1Diversityindices 15 3.4.2Fragmentationandedgeeffects 16 3.4.3Carabidspecies assemblages 17 3.4.4Modellingcarabiddiversityatthelandscapescale 17 i 4. Results 18 4.1Abundance 18 4.2Diversityandevenness 20 4.3Fragmentationeffects 21 4.4Edgeeffectsacross transects 22 4.5Carabidspecies assemblages 24 4.6Predictedspeciesdiversity 27 4.7Predictedbetadiversity–generalizeddissimilaritymodelling 27 5. Discussion 30 5.1Carabidspeciesdiversity,evennessandabundance 30 5.2Edgeeffects 31 5.3Carabidspecies assemblages 32 5.4Predictedspeciesdiversity 33 5.5Predictedbetadiversity 34 6. References 37 7. Acknowledgements 46 8. Appendix 47 ii Abstract Themajorityoftheworld’s biodiversityexistsoutside protectedareas,inlandscapes heavilymodifiedbyanthropogenic activity.Itis thereforenecessarytogaina better understandingoftherolethatmodifiedlandscapes playinthemaintenanceof biodiversity.Theapplicationofmethodsusedtoassessandprioritiseareasfor -
Proceedings of the XIV European Carabidologists Meeting, Westerbork, 14-18 September, 2009”, Vol
18th European Carabidologist Meeting – Rennes 25-29 September 2017 FINANCIAL SUPPORT We thank all the partners who provided their technical and financial support for the organisation of the 18th European Carabidologist Meeting: … 18th European Carabidologist Meeting – Rennes 25-29 September 2017 SCIENTIFIC BOARD President: Elsa CANARD, INRA, UMR IGEPP, Rennes, France Manuel PLANTEGENEST, Agrocampus-ouest, UMR IGEPP, Rennes, France Members: Audrey Alignier, INRA, UMR BAGAP, Rennes, France Stéphanie Aviron, INRA, UMR BAGAP, Rennes, France Marc Dufrêne, Liege University - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Gembloux, Belgium Lovei Gabor, Aarhus University, Slagelse, Denmark Guénola Péres, Agrocampus-Ouest, UMR SAS, Rennes, France Julien Pétillon, EA Biodiversité et Gestion des Territoires, Rennes, France Roberto Pizzoloto, Università della Calabria – Dept. B.E.S.T., Rende, Italy David Renault, Université Rennes 1, UMR Ecobio, Rennes, France Pavel Saska, Crop Research Institute, Praha, Czech Republik Lucija Šerić Jelaska, Croatian Ecological Society, Zagreb, Croatia José Serrano, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain John Spence, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada Yann Tricault, Agrocampus Ouest, UMR IGEPP, Angers, France STEERING COMMITTEE President: Elsa CANARD, INRA, UMR IGEPP, Rennes Secretary: Isabelle BAUMGARTEN, Agrocampus-ouest, Rennes Members: Audrey Alignier, INRA, UMR BAGAP, Rennes Stéphanie Aviron, INRA, UMR BAGAP, Rennes Françoise Burel, CNRS, UMR Ecobio, Rennes El Aziz Djoudi, EA Biodiversité et Gestion des Territoires, Rennes Romain -
Coleoptera: Carabidae)
MOLECULAR GUT ANALYSIS OF CARABIDS (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) USING APHID PRIMERS by Sarah Kate Wallace A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Entomology MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY Bozeman, Montana August 2004 ©COPYRIGHT by Sarah Kate Wallace 2004 All Rights Reserved ii APPROVAL of a thesis submitted by Sarah Kate Wallace This thesis has been read by each member of the thesis committee and has been found to be satisfactory regarding content, English usage, format, citations, bibliographic style, and consistency, and is ready for submission to the College of Graduate Studies. Sue Blodgett Approved for the Department of Entomology Greg Johnson Approved for the College of Graduate Studies Bruce McLeod iii STATEMENT OF PERMISSION TO USE In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a master’s degree at Montana State University, I agree that the Library shall make it available to borrowers under the rules of the Library. If I have indicated my intention to copyright this thesis by including a copyright notice age, copying is allowable only for scholarly purposes, consistent with “fair use” as prescribed in the U.S. Copyright law. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this thesis in whole or in parts may be granted only by the copyright holder. Sarah Kate Wallace 30 August 04 iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I warmly thank Dr. Sue Blodgett and the rest of my graduate student committee for structuring my program, namely, Dr. Gregory Johnson, Dr. Kevin O’Neill, and Dr. Michael Giroux. To Brian Fitzgerald and Lynn Goosey, I extend gratitude for taking time to teach me DNA analysis laboratory methods. -
Ground-Dwelling Spider (Araneae) and Carabid Beetle
Forest Ecology and Management 321 (2014) 29–41 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Forest Ecology and Management journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foreco Ground-dwelling spider (Araneae) and carabid beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) community assemblages in mixed and monoculture stands of oak (Quercus robur L./Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) ⇑ N. Barsoum a, , L. Fuller b, F. Ashwood a, K. Reed a, A.-S. Bonnet-Lebrun c, F. Leung d a Centre for Ecosystems, Society and Biosecurity, Forest Research, Alice Holt Lodge, Farnham, Surrey GU10 4LH, United Kingdom b School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, The Cooperage, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland c École normale supérieure, 45 rue d’Ulm, F-75230 Paris, France d University of Exeter, Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Room C360, Amory Building, Rennes Drive, Streatham Campus, Exeter EX4 4RJ, United Kingdom article info abstract Article history: A mixed tree species composition is frequently proposed as a way to increase habitat heterogeneity and Available online 21 October 2013 support greater biodiversity in commercial forests. However, although international forest policy is increasingly advocating stands of mixed tree species, there is evidence to question the biodiversity ben- Keywords: efits conferred by such forests. Using active ground-dwelling spiders and carabid beetles as biodiversity Biodiversity indicator taxa, we investigated the effect of forest stand composition on spider and carabid beetle com- Oak (Quercus robur/petraea) munity structure and composition. We conducted pitfall trapping in the summer of 2011 in 42 plantation Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) forest stands across three different geographical regions in the UK and Ireland. -
The Population Ecology of Some Woodland Carabid Beetles, with Particular Reference to Their Dispersive Behaviour
THE POPULATION ECOLOGY OF SOME WOODLAND CARABID BEETLES, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THEIR DISPERSIVE BEHAVIOUR. by Keith N.A. Alexander, B.Sc, Royal Holloway College A Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University of London May ,1986 . ProQuest Number: 10097579 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest. ProQuest 10097579 Published by ProQuest LLC(2016). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 "We went to all the places which a beetle might be near, And we made the sort of noises which a beetle likes to hear. And I saw a kind of something, and I gave a sort of shout: "A beetle-house and Alexander Beetle coming out!" " A.A. Milne. 11 ABSTRACT The Population Ecology of some woodland carabid beetles, with particular reference to their dispersive behaviour. The mobility of carabid beetles in the field has been studied by a number of researchers in recent years, but the small scale movements are still poorly understood. The populations of five species of carabid beetles living in a Surrey oakwood were therefore investigated using pitfall trapping and individual marking techniques over a period of three years. -
The Relationship with Preferred Temperature and Cold Tolerance
Eur. J. Entomol. 98 : 301-309, 2001 ISSN 1210-5759 Arthropod distribution on an alpine elevational gradient: the relationship with preferred temperature and cold tolerance A lan BUSE1*, David HADLEY1 and Tim SPARKS2 1 Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Bangor, University ofWales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd, UK; 2 Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Monks Wood, Monks Wood, Abbots Ripton, Huntingdon, UK. Key words. Preferred temperature, optimal temperature, supercooling point, altitude gradient, mountain, Coleóptera, Byrrhidae, Carabidae, Elateridae, Opiliones Abstract. The distribution of arthropod species on a 400 m elevational gradient (equivalent to a temperature decrease of 2.5°C) on Snowdon, North Wales, was examined and compared with the British distribution. Preferred temperature, an indication of optimal body temperature (Tb), and supercooling point (SCP), an indication of cold tolerance, of several species on the gradient were deter mined experimentally. The alpine beetle speciesPatrobus assimilis and Nebria rufescens had low preferred Tb, of 5.6 and 7.1°C respectively, whereas the more widespread upland species had higher preferred Tb, between 12.9 and 15.5°C. The SCP ofboth alpine and widespread beetles were similar, being between -6.9 and -5.8°C. The alpine species, which were smaller, were freeze intolerant, whereas the widespread species, which were larger, were freeze tolerant. On the national scale there was significant correlation between preferred Tb and species elevation, but no correlation with SCP. It is concluded that the alpine species survive on Snowdon because their optimal Tb is close to the ambient temperature at the time of day and year when they are active and because they are able to tolerate winter temperatures, by a combination of cold tolerance and shelter. -
356 Final Project Report Ch 3 Pgs 81
3. INVESTIGATIONS OF APHID AND BENEFICIAL INSECT ABUNDANCE, DISPERSAL AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION ACROSS FIELDS 3.1. INTRODUCTION It is now well recognised that insects exist as discrete patches of local populations that together constitute a metapopulation and it has been demonstrated that this phenomenon occurs in agricultural landscapes for some predatory groups (reviewed for Carabidae by Thomas et al., 2002) and pests (Winder et al., 1999). The size of these local populations within a metapopulation may differ depending on the species and can extend over several hectares (Holland et al., 1999). However, most studies have been conducted within parts or across whole fields (Holland et al., 1999; Thomas et al., 2002) and the extent to which these metapopulations extend across boundary features (e.g. field boundaries, tracks, watercourses and roads) is not understood. For some species, such non-crop areas form stable habitats that are seasonally essential for aestivation or overwintering (Sotherton, 1984). Recolonisation of the ephemeral cropped areas then occurs when conditions there become more suitable (Wissinger, 1997). Habitats at field margins can also act as refuges from agricultural operations that may impose certain mortality risks to individuals within the field. That part of a population taking refuge within non-crop habitats may then act as an important source population for the rapid re-colonisation of fields following catastrophic disturbances (Holland et al., 2000). However, for species that inhabit the cultivated areas alone, features such as field boundaries and roads may act as barriers to movement and dispersal between fields (Mader et al., 1990; Mauremootoo et al., 1995; Thomas et al., 1998), and consequently may influence epigeal arthropod distribution patterns or impose metapopulation structure on their populations by fragmenting them into local populations. -
A Weighting Method to Improve Habitat Association Analysis: Tested on British Carabids
Article (refereed) - postprint This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Chetcuti, Jordan; Kunin, William E.; Bullock, James M. 2019. A weighting method to improve habitat association analysis: tested on British carabids. Ecography, 42 (8). 1395-1404, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.04295 This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. © 2019 The Authors. Ecography © 2019 Nordic Society Oikos This version available http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/522760/ NERC has developed NORA to enable users to access research outputs wholly or partially funded by NERC. Copyright and other rights for material on this site are retained by the rights owners. Users should read the terms and conditions of use of this material at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/policies.html#access This document is the authors’ final manuscript version of the journal article, incorporating any revisions agreed during the peer review process. There may be differences between this and the publisher’s version. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite from this article. The definitive version is available at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ Contact CEH NORA team at [email protected] The NERC and CEH trademarks and logos (‘the Trademarks’) are registered trademarks of NERC in the UK and other countries, and may not be used without the prior written consent of the Trademark owner. A weighting method to improve habitat association analysis: tested on British carabids 1,2 2 1 Jordan Chetcuti , William E. -
Studies in the Ecology of Carabidae (Coleoptera)
STUDIES IN THE ECOLOGY OF CARABIDAE (COLEOPTERA). by P.J.M. Greenslade, B.A., D.I.C. A Thesis submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of London. Imperial College Field Station, Silwood Park, Sunninghill, Jul y, 1961. Ascot, Berkshire. ABSTRACT. Aspects of the ecology of Carabidae (Coleoptera) were studied on the Imperial College Field Station from autumn 1958 to autumn 1960. Sampling was carried out by pitfall traps and it was found that this method did not give a reliable indication of the relative numbers of species. Allowance was made for this during the course of the work. The life histories of 25 species, common on the Field Station, were investigated with especial reference to annual cycles of adult activity. The vegetation of the drier parts of the Field Station was described and the distribution of the Carabid species related to it. Their daily cycles of activity were investigated and are discussed in relation to habitat and life-history. Work was carried out on distribution of populations of Nebria brevicollis F. and Pterostichus madidus F. Population densities and dispersal were studied by marking and recapture, and some observations were made on populations of four other species. Boundary and area patterns were described, and distribution and dispersal are discussed in relation to the probable effect of weather as a mortality factor. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page A. INTRODUCTION AND SAMPLING METHODS. I. INTRODUCTION. 1 II. CARABIDAE STUDIED. 1) Review of literature and general biology. 6 2) Species recorded at .Silwood. 11 III. -
Durham E-Theses
Durham E-Theses An investigation into the distribution of woodland invertebrates with particular reference to carabid beetles, at high beach, Epping Forest Danahar, Gary William How to cite: Danahar, Gary William (1991) An investigation into the distribution of woodland invertebrates with particular reference to carabid beetles, at high beach, Epping Forest, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6264/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 An investigation into the distribution of woodland invertebrates with particular reference to Carabid beetles, at High Beach, Epping Forest. By Gary William Danahar B.Sc. (Hons.), P.G.C.E., F.R.E.S. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Ecology. Department of Biological Sciences. The University of Durham. 1991 The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. -
Entomologiske Meddelelser
il ENTOMOLOGISKE MEDDELELSER UDGIVNE AF ENTOMOLOGISK FORENING. TRETTENDE BIND. (ANDEN RÆKKE. OTTENDE BIND.) MED 1 PORTRÆT OG 80 FIGURER I TEKSTEN. Wr KJØBENHAVN. ENTOMOLOGISK FORENINGS FORLAG. HOVEDKOMMISSIONÆR: H. HAGERUPS BOGHANDEL. N. T. KRGYERS BOGTRYKKERI, LYNGBY. 1921-22. Redaktionen af dette Bind er besorget af Mag. sc. Kai L. Henriksen. INDHOLD. Første Hefte (1919). J. P. Kryger: Dr. phil. J. C. Nielsen pag. 1 Peder Nielsen: Description of a new species of Nematocera polyneura from Denmark with notes concerning some . other species . , - 12 Eigin Suenson: Om Klækningen af Metoecus paradoxus L. 17 Niels Høeg: Nogle Meddelelser om Fund af sjældnere og enkelte for den danske Faunu nye Bille-Arter i Jylland, specielt Horsensegnen - 23 J. P. Kryger: Biologiske Oplysninger om nogle nye eller sjældne Billelarver. II — 30 Lavrids Jørgensen: De danske Arter af Slægten Nomada Scop - 40 Andet Hefte (1919). Lavrids Jørgensen: De danske Arter af Slægten Nomada Scop. (forts.) — 49 A. Norgaard: Verdenskrig og Insektbekæmpelse 73 Dansk entomologisk Litteratur — 85 Tredie Hefte (1920). H- O. Holstebroe: Christian Engelhart. 14. Juli 1857-21. Juni 1919 - 97 L. Andersen: Billefaunaen i Sønderjylland 108 H. Seht tz: Drei neue europäische Phoriden (Dipt.) . 115 R. Spärck: Om Larven til Philosepcdon humeralis Meig. (Dipt. Psychodidæ) - 120 Oluf Jacobsen: Fund af nye og sjældne Tæger i 1915-19, samt Bemærkninger om nogle Arter, der hidtil stod upaaagtede eller ubestemte i afdøde Konservator Schlicks Samling — 128 Mindre Meddelelser - 136 Dansk entomologisk Litteratur — 147 Fjerde Hefte (1920). Lavrids Jørgensen: Smaa Iagttagelser af nogle danske Biers Liv - 153 Peder Nielsen: Description of Trichocera forcipula n. sp., with notes on Limnophila meridiana Stæg 160 A.