Beginner Voter's Behavior: Study of Karawang Regency, West Java. R's

Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Mamangan Volume 6, Number 2, July-December 2017

Beginner Voter’s Behavior: Study of the Simultaneous Regional Elections at Karawang Regency, West Java. Author : Encup Supriatna Source : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Mamangan, Volume 6, Number 2, July-Desember 2017 Published by : Laboratorium Pendidikan Sosiologi, STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat

To Cite the Articel:

Supriatna, Encup, 2017. Beginner Voter’s Behavior: Study of the Simultaneous Regional Elections at Karawang Regency, West Java. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Mamangan, Volume 6, Number 2, July-December, 2017: 107-117.

Laboratorium Pendidikan Sosiologi STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Mamangan VolumeSupriatna 6, Number– Beginner 2, July-December Voter’s Behavior: 2017, p. 1Study07-117 of the Simultaneous Regional Elections… ISSN : 2301-8496 (Print), ISSN : 2503-1570 (Online) http://ejournal.stkip-pgri-sumbar.ac.id/index.php/jurnal-mamangan DOI : 10.22202/mamangan.1964

Beginner Voter’s Behavior: Study of the Simultaneous Regional Elections at Karawang Regency, West Java.

Encup Supriatna

UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung Email : [email protected] ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to know: Beginner Voter Behavior, the extent to which parties influence the political party influence the behavior of voter’s beginners, and factors that can affect voter behavior in Pedes Regency in the Simultaneous Regional Elections in Karawang regency in 2015. This study uses phenomenological approach, analytical descriptive method, and various qualitative research. The qualitative data needed in this research is related to: Beginner Voter Behavior, the extent to which parties influence the political parties to influence the behavior of the beginning voters, and what factors may affect voter behavior in Pedes District in the Simultaneous Regional Elections in Karawang regency in 2015 that is appropriate data and considered it is necessary to solve the problems formulated in the study. The analysis involves Beginner Voter Behavior, the extent to which political parties influence the behavior of novice voters, and factors that may influence voter behavior in Pedes District in the Keywords:SimultaneousVoters Regional Behavior, Elections Beginner in Karawang Voters, The Regency Simultaneous in 2015. Regional Elections.

INTRODUCTION

understanding that political life is not just Political Behavior is the action of about formal institutions and the power that individuals and groups in taking political goes with it, political life can be seen from the action relating to the awareness and political actions and behaviors of political actors. goals of the actors who play it. Even political Before the researcher explained more behavior is the result of meeting the factors about the understanding of political behavior, of personality structure, political beliefs, let's look Sitepu opinion, that there are four individual political actions and overall theories to analyze the dynamics of the political structures and processes. political life a State, namely: "First is the Consciousness here is the ideological system theory that suggests socio-political foundation embodied in the vision of the institutions is a container to understand the Political Party to be fought through certain dynamic political life of society, second is a tactics and strategies. Therefore, a politician theory of political behavior that reveals that will think and act within the framework of observing the dynamics the political life of the idealist theory and orientations (Surbakti, society is not enough by looking at the formal 1992). Political behavior departs from a basic social political order but also the individuals

whereas group theory is the last, explains about the crystallography that exists inconcerned societies " contributes to the political life of may affect voter behavior in Pedes district in society and country" the Simultaneous Regional Elections in UNDERSTANDINGKarawang Regency inPOLITICAL2015. BEHAVIOR (Sitepu, 2012). AND ELECTIONS From the above explanation, it can be said that political behavior is an object that can be analyzed in the political life of a State. Based on the results of research that has In this study, the researchers departed from been done show that the political behavior of the understanding then the researchers beginners voters in District Pedes. that is wanted to see the political behavior of Beginner Voter Behavior in Pedes district in political elites by using a knife analysis of Simultaneous Regional Elections in Karawang political behavior theory. In this study, the regency in 2015 that behavior beginner voter researcher took the focus of research on the very enthusiastic and participate in political behavior of the political elite on participating Simultaneous Regional what happened and developed in the State of Elections and not apathetic about the world Indonesia in this case in the existing local of politics. Factors influencing voters' politics, so in this context, the researchers political behavior in Pedes District took to focus on local politics that exist to see Simultaneous Regional Elections in Karawang political behavior political elite (Anggara, Regency in 2015 are family influences, peer 2013). influence, media and popularity, education Political behaviorcan be understood as and economy. things that exist in the political life of a State. Socialization is one of the ways that For that matter, the political behavior based political parties do to the society that on the theory is inseparable from the context. influence the behavior of the novice voters, so Therefore, the context of this study is about it is very helpful for the general election local politics that occurred, in this case, the especially the novice voters so that the novice Simultaneous Regional Elections in Karawang voters can know about the political world, the Regency. The approach of political behavioris vision-mission of candidates in stretcher by directed to see the tendency of individual political parties and beginner voters get political behavior as local political elite in political studies of political parties in their terms of utilizing existing political space and socialization. playing its role in political space. This Political behavior is part of the rationale approach is also used to see the relationship of the behaviorism who views that political between the local political elite in the life of life is inseparable from the political behaviors society in the Simultaneous Regional that accompany it. Research that is based on RESEARCHElections in Karawang METHOD Regency. the individual as the center of attention, emphasizing both the concept of the role and the concept of socialization. Many individual This research article uses actions, as indicated by Varma that: "Each phenomenological approach, descriptive- individual has a different role, if it exists in analytic method, and various qualitative different contexts, it can explain the diversity research. The qualitative data required in this of their political behavior. So personal study is related to: Beginner Starter Behavior, attitudes, thoughts, and behaviors must be the extent to which the influence of political explained in terms of the role of the parties influences early voter behavior, and individual (Varma, 2007). the factors may influence voter behavior in Etymologically political behavior if in the Pedes District in the Simultaneous Regional search of the Indonesian language, in the Big Elections in Karawang Regency in 2015 is the Indonesian Dictionary, behavior is an right data and is considered necessary to individual response or reaction embodied in solve the problems formulated in the study. the movement or attitude not only the body The analysis involves Beginner Voter and speech, and politics are all affairs and Behavior, the extent to which parties actions such as policy, strategy, and so on on influence the political parties to influence the the government of another country or behavior of beginner voters, and factors that country. Etymologically, political behavior is

action, movement, an attitude not only body belief that political actors are political elites and speech, someone against government, able to provide color in the political process policy, strategy and so on. Similarly, Budiarjo and have a role in the political process that pointed out that "One of the main ideas of occurred in the Simultaneous Regional behavioral approach is not to give Elections in Karawang Regency in 2015. appreciation to the discussion of formal Political behavior is a political "glance" institutions because such a discussion does that is used to look more closely at one's not provide much information about the behavior rather than the behavior of political actual political process (Budiarjo, 2012). institutions (Supriatna, 2015). The General Instead, this approach concentrates more on Election is to elect a ruler, officer or another studying the behavior of individuals within by writing down the selected name on a piece the institution because by looking at of paper or by voting in an election (Al-Imam, individual behavior is a phenomenon that can 2004). Whereas, according to Law Number 8 really be observed. Year 2012 on General Election of Members of Sitepu said, "In a behavioral approach, it the People's Legislative Assembly, the will respond that individuals are actually Regional Representative Council, and the engaged in political activities, whereas the People's Legislative Assembly of the Regional behavior of political institutions is essentially Election shall be the means of exercising the individual-patterned behaviors (Sitepu, sovereignty of the people directly, publicly, 2012). The above opinion can be said that freely, secretly, honestly and fairly in the political behavior is very important observed State Unity of the Republic of Indonesia based from the power and political beliefs, behavior on Pancasila and the Constitution of the politic reflects a behavior of an individual in Republic of Indonesia 1945. Every fulfilling his rights and obligations as a Indonesian citizen who on the voting day is political"In the man. midst of society, the individual seventeen years old or older or already behavesFurthermore, and acts and the interacts quotation a frompart of Sitepu that married has the right to vote. An Indonesian behavioris and the interaction can be marked as citizen who has the right to vote can only political behavior, that is behavior related to exercise his right if it has been registered as a the political process" THEvoter. CONCEPT OF POLITICAL BEHAVIOR AND APPROACH (Sitepu, 2012). The above opinion can be said the political behavior is behavior, action, and interaction Political behavior is generally in the situation and political context. Political determined by the internal factors of the actors and ordinary citizens carry out the individual itself such as idealism. Level of overall behavior, actions, and interactions. In "Freely political behavior can intelligence, the will of the heart and by line with what is stated in the Political be interpreted as the whole political behavior external factors (environmental conditions) Explorer book of political actors and citizens who in their such as religious life, social, political, concrete manifestations have mutual has a economic, and so on that surrounds it. relationship to the political culture Political behavior is an activity related to the political decision-making process. Political " (Efriza, behavior is one element or aspect of behavior 2012). More firmly, Sitepu said, "individuals in general, in addition to political behavior; as political forces refer to political actors or there are still other behaviors such as those who play a role in political life" (Sitepu, organizational behavior, cultural behavior, 2012). consumer behavior/economy, religious Opinions over these political actors behavior and so forth (Surbakti, 1992). consist of individuals who want to influence According to Soedjatmoko, political behavior the political decision-making process in the is expressed as a human action in the face of case of regional head elections; political certain political situations. The interaction actors can form the public as voters and between government and society, between political elites. The political elite is the focus institutions, groups, and individuals in of this research as well as the subject of this society in the process of making, research. The election of political elites as implementing and enforcing political political actors are examined based on the

decisions is political behavior (Soedjatmoko, important factors in determining the political 1995). In the other hand, the voters behavior choice. Hence social grouping such as age is determined by their meaning to political (old-young); sex (male); religions and the like actors based on them past experience are considered to have a decisive role in (Firdaus, 2013) shaping formal social groupings such as one's According to Jack C. Plano Behavior can membership in religious organizations, be understood as the thoughts or actions of professional organizations; as well as people relating to the process of government. informal groupings such as family, friendship, These include political responses, internal or other small groups, are vital in responses (thoughts, perceptions, attitudes, understanding one's political behavior, since and beliefs) as well as visible actions (voting, these groups have a great role in shaping protest movement, lobbying, caucus, and one's attitude, perception, and orientation campaign) (Plano, 1985). Therefore, behavior Social(Supriatna, Psychology 2016). is not only interpreted as abstract thought or response, but also an action of certain political actors. Meanwhile, according to The sociological approach developed in Abdul MunirMulkam political behavior is an the United States comes from Western act born from the social and economic Europe; the Psychological approach is a conditions as well as the interests of a society United States phenomenon because it was or groups within the community. Voter developed completely by the United States behavior can be reviewed in a variety of through the Survey Research Center at the approaches; Dieter Roth quoted in (Efriza, University of Michigan. Therefore, this 2012) mentions that: "When we discuss voter approach is also referred to as the School of behavior theories, then there is no one Michigan. The main pioneer of this approach correct theory because there is not only one is Angust Campbell. This approach uses and theory of human behavior in general. develops the concept of psychology- Voter behavior is also laden with especially the concept of socialization and ideology among voters and political parties attitudes to explain voter behavior. The or electoral contestants. Each contestant variables cannot be attributed to voting brings together an ideology that interacts behavior if there is a socialization process. with each other. During the election Therefore, according to this approach campaign period, crystallization and socialization actually, that determine the grouping took place between the ideologies behavior of choosing (political) a person. brought by the contestants. Society naturally Adherents of this approach to explain divides itself to contestants who share the one's attitude as a reflection of one's same ideology with which they profess as personality is a decisive variable in well as distancing themselves from opposing influencing one's political behavior. ideologies. Voter behavior can be analyzed Therefore, psychological approach Sociologwith threeical approaches: Approach emphasizes on three psychological aspects as the main study that is emotional bonding to a political party, orientation to issues and The sociological approach actually comes Socialorientation Anthropology toward a candidate. from Europe, then in America and European education. Therefore, it refers to it as a model of European political sociology. David If the sociological service to the Denver, while using this approach to explain development of political science is primarily the behavior of British society, calls this in providing an analysis of social life in model a social determinism approach. This general and comprehensive, then approach explains that social characteristics anthropology contributes to the and social groupings have a significant understanding and theory of the position and influence in determining one's voter behavior role of various smaller and simpler social- (Lawang, 2014). Social characteristics (such cultural units. At first, anthropology focuses as work, education etc.) and characteristic or more on society and culture in villages and in sociological background (such as religion, the interior, whereas sociology focuses more territory, gender, age and so on) are on the lives of urban societies far more

influenced by modern economic and Beginner voters, especially teenagers (17 technological developments. Gradually years old) have a relaxed, free, and tend to be anthropology and sociology affect each other informal and fun seeking; therefore, all the both in the object of research and in the less pleasant things will be avoided. In formation of the theory, so that at this point addition to seeking fun, peer groups are the the boundary between the two social sciences most important in a teen's life, so for a had become blurred. The attention of political teenager needs to have his or her own group scientists to anthropology grew increasingly of friends in association (Suhartono, 2009). in line with increasing attention and research Beginner voters are the first or ever one-time on life and efforts of political modernization voters to vote so they have less experience in in new countries (Saebani & Supriatna, voting. The lack of experience is due to 2012). At first, the study of new States limited political insight. This low level of revolves around macro issues such as the political knowledge is due to beginner voters influence of colonialism, the struggle for including the floating period of vulnerable independence, the position and role of the voters with the age of 17-21 years. The national elite. One of the most useful and floating period is characterized as having no well-known and often-used influences in clear political ideology so that its political science research is the participant implementation is not affiliated with any observer method. This kind of research, group of political parties. In addition, the forcing the scholar of political science to floating masses are also characterized as less examine the symptoms of social life from interested in political life (Rudini, Sunaryo, within the community that became the object Masha, & Farouk, 1994). of his research. With the results obtained Law Number 10 Year 2008 regarding from such work practices, political scientists General Election of Members of DPR, DPD, can develop theoretical development on the Provincial DPRD and Regency / City DPRD basis of concrete facts both experienced and Article 19 and 20 states that the novice voters Beginnerobserved (Budiarjo,Voters 2012). may be said to be Indonesian citizens who on election day or voting are Indonesian citizens who are already 17 years and/or more or Voters are Indonesian citizens who have have / never married who have the right to reached the age of 17 years or more or have / vote, and previously not including voters ever married. Voters in every election are because of the provisions of the Electoral registered through data collected by officers Law. According to Law Number 42 the Year appointed by the general election organizer. 2008 regarding the general election. Beginner voters are the first voters to vote President and Vice President, voters shall be because they are only aged 17 to 21 years old. defined as Indonesian citizen who on the day Their knowledge of elections does not differ of voting has reached the age of 17 greatly from other groups, which (seventeen) years or more or has/has been distinguishes them from enthusiasm and eligible to vote. preference (Sy, 2010). The conditions that The Simultaneous Regional Elections must be owned to make a person can choose (Pemilukada) is a very important instrument is: in the implementation of Regional 1. Indonesians aged 17 years or older or Government based on the principle of have / ever married. democracy in the region because this is 2. Not being disturbed soul/memories where the form of the people as the holder of 3. Listed as voters. sovereignty determines state policy. It 4. Not a member of TNI / Polri (Retired / implies that the supreme authority to No longer a member of TNI / Police). regulate the government of the State lies with 5. Not being revoked the people. Through Pemilukada, the people 6. Registered as DPT (List of Permanent can choose who is the leader and the Vooters). representative in the process of channeling 7. Especially for Simultaneous Regional aspirations, which further determines the Elections, voters must be domiciled At future direction of a country (Rumesten RS, least six (six) months in the area 2014). concerned.

In principle, every citizen is entitled to the contrary, the people who have died are participate in the General Election. The right still listed in the DPT. Actually, this problem of citizens to participate in elections is called is more technical and administrative, but by the Right to Choose, consisting 1. Active those who feel disadvantaged, the issue is voting rights (voting right) 2. Passive right politicized so it is not uncommon to cause (right elected). turmoil and conflict. A person who has the right to vote, to be Based on the observation, the inaccuracy registered as a voter, must meet the following of voters / DPT is caused by several factors, requirements, 1. Not disturbed soul/ among others: memories; 2. Not being deprived of its right 1. Not yet well-documented population to vote. data, which is the authority and Based on the decision of the Court, responsibility of the Government, in which has had permanent legal force, on the this case, Domestic Department and contrary an Indonesian citizen who has been their staffs. registered in the Permanent Voter List (DPT), 2. Data updating/verification of voter then apparently no longer fulfills the above data is not conducted by the KPU and conditions, cannot exercise his / her right to its personnel well. vote. In addition, turmoil often occurs in the community. This is due to inaccurate data of The people, in this case, the prospective voters. There are citizens who have fulfilled voters, do not actively seek, so they are listed the requirements as voters, apparently not on the Permanent Voter List (DPT) (Abdullah, listed in the Permanent Voter List (DPT), onTable 2009)1 . Wide Area of Pedes District

Paddy fields (Ha) Land (Ha) No Village 0,5 Yard/ Pond Garden/ tombs Technical Technical Settlement

1 Payungsari 560 - 64 2 2 2 Puspasari 450 - 19 - 2 3 Kertamulya 483 - 49 3 3 4 Malangsari 292 - 15 - 1 5 Jatimulya 365 - 89 - 2 6 Karangjaya 350 - 67 2 2 7 Kertaraharja 500 - 24 1 2 8 Rangdumulya 424 - 37 - 1 9 Labanjaya 457 - 26 1 1 10 Sungaibuntu 417 - 54 483 1 Amount11 Kendaljaya 300 - 25 - 1 12 Dongkal 475 - 32 5 2 5.073 - 501 497 20

From the area of pedes district, there are into the sample for research were takentwo 12 villages with a land area of paddy field and villages namely Jatimulya village and land respectively. Of the 12 villages takenTable Karangjaya2 village. Population in June 2016 and Right to Choose

No Village Population House Right to Choose Male Female Amount hold M F Amount

1 Karangjaya 4.096 4.295 8.391 2.984 3.310 3.355 6.665 2 Kertaraharja 3.514 3.569 7.083 2.886 3.134 3.183 6.317

3 Sungaibuntu 4.602 4.740 9.342 3.030 3.863 4.006 7.869 4 Dongkal 2.021 1.969 3.990 1.576 1.671 1.644 3.315 5 Payungsari 4.290 4.122 8.412 2.519 3.307 3.335 6.642 6 Kertamulya 3.228 3.256 6.484 2.212 2.895 2.794 5.689 7 Puspasari 2.028 2.053 4.081 1.409 1.677 1.691 3.368 8 Labanjaya 3.099 2.935 6.034 1.797 2.488 2.513 5.001 9 Jatimulya 5.145 5.165 10.310 4.584 3.842 3.912 7.754 10 Rangdumulya 2.947 2.861 5.808 2.033 2.350 2.398 4.748 Amount11 Kendaljaya 2.658 2.733 5.391 2.071 2.047 2.147 4.194 12 Malangsari 1.702 1.657 3.359 989 1.478 1.398 2.876 39.317 39.330 39.355 78.685 28.09 32.06 32.376 0 2 Source: Pedes District profile in year 2015-2016

Research sites in Karangjaya village The element that Weber emphasizes in number of population for men amounted to the sense is the subjective meaning of a 4096 and for women amounted to 4,295, so principal. Weber's social action should not be the total number of male and female limited to positive actions that can be directly population amounted to 8,391. As for the addressed. Actions also include negative number of select for men amounted to 3,310 actions such as failure to do something, or a and for women 3,355 with the total number passive acceptance of a situation. Weber goes of male and female voting rights amounted to on to distinguish four types of actions: 6665. 1. Zweckrational deeds or rational actions Furthermore, the next research site in associated with a goal. An action is said the village of Jatimulya population and voting to be rational if the perpetrator rights June 2016, which is used as research presupposes that the use of some with the population of jatimulya village and particular business is necessary to karangjaya village. From jatimulya village the achieve something of an ideal. A number of male population is 5,145, while zweckrational action is an original form the men's voting rights are 3,842, while the of rational action, which involves number of female population is 5,165 and for rational consideration of the the number of voting rights is 2,513, so for relationship between an ideal with the the total number of male and female effort to achieve it. This example of acts population is 10,310 and for the total number is the act of a clerk in the construction of of male and female voting rights is 7,754 a bridge. VOTERSvoters. BEHAVIOR AS A SOCIAL ACTION 2. Werirational action or rational action relates to a value. These actions do not perceive harm or loss solely to maintain Social action according to Weber is an a person's honor or to achieve a value. individual action as long as it has a subjective For example the actions of a captain meaning or meaning to itself and is directed who did not want to escape when his to the actions of others (Ritzer, 2009). Social ship had an accident action is the most fundamental concept in the 3. A traditional action is an act determined field of sociology. Social action is all human by tradition and custom. The behavior that has subjective meaning. The perpetrators do something as concept of social action has been given a prescribed by tradition without thinking classic definition by Max Weber. According to of the relationship between ideals with Weber, the action is said to be social when it effort. Examples of traditional patterned contains elements: acts are religious ceremonies. 1. The behavior has subjective meaning 4. Emotional or actual action. Actions that 2. The behavior affects the behaviors of exist due to a person's emotional other actors. reaction under certain circumstances. 3. The behavior is influenced by the Behavioral reflection is an example of behaviors of other actors. emotional action. This action also

includes an uncontrolled reaction due to Therefore, for the purposes of the above a stimulus (stimulus). theoretical research, the theory used is Social Action theory for research that wants to learn For Weber, only the first and second the political behavior of newbie voters in the types of action are considered rational. The election era simultaneously. Weber is deeply third and fourth types are irrational because interested in the sociological issues of broad the actors do not think about the relationship social and cultural structures, but he sees that between the ideals and the effort to achieve social reality is essentially composed of them. Actually, the distribution of behavior meaningful”A science individual that seeks and social to gain action. an types to rational and non-rational forms by Weberinterpretive defines sociology understanding as: of social Weber is not appropriate. For example, action so as to bias up to a causal trademark acts that Weber deems irrational, explanation of its direction and its such as prize exchange among some primitive consequences. With Action intended all societies or religious ceremonies, often human behavior, if or as long as the contain rational elements for the person individual acts it gives a subjective doing so, although his rational nature may be meaning to that action? The act is called latent (Rahman, 2011). The four categories of social because the subjective meaning is action, according to Weber, are the ideal type attributed to it by the individual actions, to be considered an analytical tool, which taking into account the behavior of others really exists. Behavior that really exists only and is therefore directed toward it close to the ideal type or the original form earlier. “ Vilfedoparetto, like Weber, also formed a (Johnson, 1994). rather detailed social action scheme. Paretto divides social action into two large, logical Weber's substantive analysis does not and illogical circles. Logical action is defined reflect the extreme individualistic position. by the paretto as an action when there is a He acknowledged the importance of this - a logical connection between ideals and effort great historical trend and its effect on (meaning-end relationship). Actions that innocence. However, all general statements exist in the thinking of an actor are also relating to historical trends, in the final present in the objective statement and the analysis, are statements relating to individual two relations, one purpose and another, must trends or patterns of action or interaction. be aligned (Rahman, 2011). Weber's position can be seen as something Non-logical actions are actions that do related to methodological individualism. That not meet the above requirements. In other is, scientificAccording data to Weber for social in Classical science and is words, as Raymond Aron puts it, logical ultimatelyModern related Sociological to individual Theory action. 1 explains: action is determined with careful The" interpretative sociology views the consideration, while non-logical actions are individual and his actions as the basic influenced by sentiment. The logical action unit, as" the atom. "In this approach, the for paretto is more or less in line with the individual is also the most important and zweckrational action for Max Weber, and the only one who takes meaningful action. non-logical actions can be compared with Generally, for sociology, concepts such as" non-rational actions. State "," unity ", and so on show certain In relation to the concept of social action categories in human interaction.is a proposed by Weber through the study put sociological task to reduce this concept forward by such sociologists, in this context becomes an understandable action, i.e. can be used to see and understand the without exception to the actions of activities of the actions taken by the individuals who participate individually individual, whether the act of choosing which he did included as a social action as proposed . " by Weber. Related to this here will be reviewed some actions undertaken by Weber's goal is to include subjective individuals to be able to learn, especially meanings associated with different categories related to the election of the first party voters of human interaction, to use them in in the era of elections simultaneously. distinguishing types of social structures and

to understand the direction of great social should be an empirical science; sociology change in western societies. Why Weber should analyze the actual behavior of emphasizes the individual and subjective individual humans according to their own meanings in the actions that are being subjective orientation. Weber's pressure with performed by humans. To answer this German historian’s contrasts with an idealist question keep in mind that Weber's strategy that only interprets individual intellectual background in life greatly behavior or historical development of society emphasizes idealism and historicism. according to broad prior assumptions. This Weber's writings reject the idealist empirical pressure is also in line with position, but intellectually still matter. This positivism, but that does not mean pressure, for example, is expressed in Hegel's eliminating the subjective aspect and only view that the mind of reason universally concerning the open objective aspect. Taking continues to be realized in the progress of into account the subjective elements of history. Such a view should be centered on behavior is essential to avoid bias in the the cultural world - on the ideals, values, and interpretation that arises when a theorist realizations of humans in its progress in gives only his own judgment on the behavior history. of others. The world of cultural action is seen, as Weber goes a step further in separating something consciously understood in the value of scientific analysis. In addition to accordance with the laws of natural science, being alert to bias by its verstehen method, which express the need for causal Weber also believes that scientific knowledge relationships: the world of culture is seen as a cannot be the basis for valuing values. world of freedom and in relation to internal Neutral science in relation to judging experience and understanding in this field. contradictory moral position. A rational Whose subjective meaning is captured? social action according to Weber is a social Objective knowledge of the type sought in the activity done with conscious (sensible) natural sciences is not enough. Weber tutor considerations and choices. This means that developed this view of the special nature of social action has been carefully considered as social and cultural science. A cultural the goal and strategy used to achieve that historian named Wilhelm Dilthey, and goal. So social action in this political behavior included in Weber's approach. Obviously, this must exist in the political behavior of the is different from French positivism as novice voters because with the social action reflected in the efforts of Comte and the adult individual acts to strike and think Durkheim to obtain universal scientific laws critically and rationally to deal with electoral that govern human behavior objectively or politics simultaneously in the election era. It externally. is very important that the political behavior Describes social action through of newbie voters becomes more mature with subjective comprehension. Perhaps the most actions based on their own conscience. With famous aspect of Weber's thinking that these actions, the behavior of the novice reflects the idealist tradition is his emphasis voters emerges critically and plays a role in on verstehen as a method to gain a legitimate determining the future of the Karawang area, understanding of the subjective meaning of the action appears itself without any social action. For Weber, this term is not just compulsion by the community, the action is an introspection. Introspection can give one accompanied by the results of individual an understanding of his or her own subjective observations to choose what the novice motives or subjective meanings, but not voters have concluded that the choice is the enough to understand subjective meanings in right choice to determine the future of the actions of others. Instead, what is Karawang area. demanded is empathy, the ability to put Because of the scarcity of a carefully oneself in the frame of mind of others whose designed election system to meet the behavior is described and circumstances and historical and socio-political conditions of a targets must be viewed from that State, the electoral system created by a perspective. The process refers to the government institution is often oriented concept of "taking a role" in symbolic towards the fulfillment of the defense of the interactionism. Weber argues that sociology status quo because of developing and

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