RESTRICTED MULTILATERAL TRADE MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 NEGOTIATIONS 6 November 1987
THE URUGUAY ROUND Special Distribution
Group of Negotiations on Goods (GATT) Negotiating Group on Tropical Products
TROPICAL PRODUCTS: BACKGROUND MATERIAL FOR NEGOTIATIONS
Natural Rubber and Tropical Wood
Draft Note by the Secretariat
Table of Contents
Page
Introduction 2
SECTION I: Natural rubber and rubber products
A. Product information 3 B. The commercial policy situation 4 C. Trade flows and consumption 14
SECTION II: Tropical wood and wood products 18
A. Product information 18 B. The commercial policy situation 23 C. Trade flows 31 • SECTION III: Activities of international organiza 43
ANNEX: Tariff and trade flow data at the tariff line level
1 To be issued as Add.l. to this document,
GATT SECRETARIAT UR-87-0356 MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 2
Introduction
1. At the first meeting of the Negotiating Group on Tropical Products held on 26 February 1987, there was a general agreement that the work in the initial phase should start on the basis of the seven product groups selected for the purpose of the consultations on tropical products held in the Committee on Trade and Development in 1982-84, in the understanding that this would not constitute a definition of tropical products nor an exhaustive listing and that other products might be included as negotiations proceed. As a first step in compiling background material for negotiations, the Group agreed that the secretariat should be invited to update and revise the background documentation prepared for the 1982-84 consultations including, as appropriate, data on the new Harmonized System of tariffs, so as to provide the Group with a summary of current trade flows and the tariff and non-tariff measures relating to the seven individual product groups covered by the consultations.
2. This document provides background material for negotiations with respect to one of the seven product groups covered by the 1982-84 consultations - natural rubber and tropical wood. This document covers the eleven developed country markets as in the background documentation prepared for the consultations. As far as this product group is concerned, any additional information that the Group might wish to have included as background material will be circulated as addenda to this document.
3. The first two sections of this document cover natural rubber and tropical wood, respectively. Section III documents the activities of international organizations relevant to these two product sub-groups. Each of the first two sections includes product information and, under the heading "the commercial policy situation", tables which show tariff rates (MFN and GSP) according to the new Harmonized System classifications, an overview of the tariff situation and information on non-tariff measures. Each of the first two sections also provides data on trade flows and consumption. MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 3
4. With respect to the eleven markets referred to above, the Annex to this document provides tariff and trade flow data extracted from the 1984 Tariff Study files. These data are presented according to tariff classifications used before the adoption of the Harmonized System. With respect to pre-HS tariff items covered by the Annex, the secretariat has added corresponding new HS-based tariff item numbers and tariff rates on a provisional basis. It is expected that these data will help identify broadly, if not precisely, major suppliers and the amount of trade involved with respect to the new HS-based tariff items. The data provided for negotiations for the adoption of the Harmonized System might also be useful in certain cases.
SECTION I: Natural rubber and rubber products
A. Product information
5. Virtually all of the commercially important types of natural rubber (hevea, balata, gutta percha and chicle) are grown in the tropical zone. While there are certain products which are most frequently made from either natural or synthetic rubbers, many rubber items are made from several types of rubber combined, which may have been co-polymerized, compounded, laminated or otherwise associated with one another and with other fillers, extenders, colouring agents and/or re-enforcement materials such as textile or metal-threads or fabrics.
A number of participants in the Uruguay Round, including developed countries, will adopt new tariff schedules based on the Harmonized System effective 1 January 1988. The United States and Canada will adopt an internationally standardized tariff nomenclature for the first time. However, it may be noted that import data according to HS-based tariff items will not be available before 1989 or 1990. Thus, there is no other choice but to use the latest available import data for 1984, which are presented in the Annex according to pre-HS tariff classifications, i.e. CCCN. TSUS or CTS. MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 4
6. Rubber and most rubber products fall within CCCN/HS Chapter 40. Natural and synthetic rubbers are distinguishable only at the level of raw material. At the level of semi-manufactured and finished rubber products, no distinction is made between those of natural and synthetic rubbers under such international nomenclatures as CCCN and HS. However, in certain national tariff schedules (e.g. those of the United States and Japan) certain semi-manufactured natural rubber products sometimes enjoy lower tariff treatment than for corresponding synthetic rubber products.
B. The commercial policy situation
(a) Tariffs
7. Tables 1 to 5 show the tariff rates (MFN and GSP) of eleven developed country markets with respect to natural rubber, unvulcanized rubber products, vulcanized rubber products, rubber tyres and tubes, and other rubber articles. The MFN rates indicated in these tables are new rates based on the Harmonized System which will take effect on 1 January 1988. The GSP rates should also be those which will take effect on 1 January 1988, but where this information is not available those in force in 1987 have provisionally been given. Tariff data in the tables are presented in a way to show the tariff escalation as clearly as possible. Tariff rates other than MFN and GSP rates are given in the Annex to this document.
Chapter 40 of the CCCN does not cover all "rubber articles". Rubber toys, bathing caps, rubber footwear and (hardened rubber) buttons, pipestems, etc., are, for instance, classifiable in other CCCN/HS Chapters. MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 5
Symbols used in the tables
MFN tariff reductions and GSP improvements after the 1982-84 consultations on tropical products (to the extent that information is available to the secretariat)
MFN rate
B = MFN rate fully bound P • MFN rate partially bound U • MFN rate not bound A = MFN rate applied actually on a temporary basis or otherwise
Examples: (a) 0%B,) Two bound rates at zero and 10 per cent apply on 10%B ) the HS item (b) 10%B ) MFN rate is bound at 10 per cent, but a rate of 8%A ) 8 per cent is actually applied on the HS item.
GSP rate blank space = no GSP treatment for MFN duty-free item no GSP treatment for MFN dutiable item (...%) = GSP rate whose application is subject to quantitative limitations (i.e. ceiling or quota)
Notes; 1. Information on country limitations for the GSP application is given in footnotes. 2. Tariff rates other than MFN and GSP rates are available in Add.l to this document. 3. "No GSP treatment" includes the cases where the GSP rate, though it remains on domestic legislation or regulation, no longer offers a preferential margin as a result of the reduction of the relevant MFN rate to or below the GSP rate. 4. Unless otherwise qualified, a single GSP rate indicated against two or more MFN rates means that all indicated dutiable MFN rates have been covered by the GSP rate indicated. MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 6
Four countries, Finland, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland, grant developing countries MFN duty-free treatment or unlimited GSP duty-free treatment with the exception that "4011 rubber tyres" are excluded from the GSF scheme of Finland. These four countries are not included in the following tables for natural rubber. Date for these four countries will be made available to interested delegations on request.
Table 1
Natural Rubber
United States, Japan, EEC and Austria - 0%B (all items)
H.S Harmonized New Code commodity Canada Australia Zealand No. description
4001.10 Natural rubber latex MFN 0ZB 2ZU 0XP
CS1' 0%
4001.21 Smoked sheets of natural MFN 0XB 2XU 0XB rubber
GSP 0%
4001.22 Technically specified natural MFN 0XB 2XU 0XB rubber (TSNR)
GSP OX
4001.29 Natural rubber, other MFN 0XB, 2XU OXU,3 10.3XB 17.5XB
GSP 6.52' OX OX
'4001.30 Balata, gutta-percha MFN 0%B 0XB 0ZP, guayule, chicle and 40XB similar natural gums » GSP 30X
Corresponding CCCN numbers: 4001, 4005, 4006 and 4008 2 Sheets and strip other than crepe rubber sheets for footwear 3 Creped natural rubber and uncompounded natural rubber I, Compounded natural gums Table 2 MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 7
Unvulcanized Rubber Products
H.S. Harmonized United Aus Code commodity Canada Japan EEC Zea States tria ralia No. description land
4005.101 Compounded rubber MFN 0ZB 10.3ZB 4.9ZB 2.5ZB 6ZB 15ZU 17.5ZU, with carbon black 3.9ZA 30%U, or silica 40%U
GSP 6.5Z (0Z) OZ 3Z 10Z 0%, 20%, 30Z
4005.201 Compounded rubber MFN 0%B 10.3ZB 4.9%B 2.5ZB 7%B 15ZU 30%U solutions, other 0%AJ dispersions i 1 GSP 6.5% (0Z) 0Z 3.5Z 10Z 20Z |
! ! 4005.91 Compounded rubber MFN 0%B 10.3ZB 4.9ZB 2.5ZB 6.5ZB 15ZU 17.5ZU plates, sheets 3.9ZA and strip
GSP 6.5Z (0Z) OZ 3.2Z 10Z 0% ; 1
4005.991 Other compounded MFN 0ZB 10.3ZB 0ZB3 0ZB 6ZB 15ZU OZP, rubber 17ZU ! 1
GSP 6.5Z 3Z 10% 0% ;
| ! 4006.102 "Camel-back" MFN 5.8ZB 10.3ZB 4.9ZB 2.5ZB 7ZB 15ZU 30ZU, strips for 3.9ZA 40%U retreading rupper tyres GSP 0% 6.5Z (0Z) OZ 3.5Z 10Z 30%, 1 20Z
4006.902 Rods,tubes and MFN 4.2ZB3 10.3ZB 4.9ZB 2.5ZB j 7ZB 15ZU 30ZU, profile shapes 5.3ZB 3.9%A 35%U and articles I I (e.g. discs and rings) GSP 0% 6.5% (0Z) 0Z 3.5Z 10Z 20Z, 25Z
Corresponding CCCN numbers: 4001, 4002, 4005, 4006 and 4008 Corresponding CCCN numbers: 4006, 4007, 4008, 4010 and 4014 Of natural rubber MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Table 3 Page 8 Vulcanized Rubber Products
H.S. Harmonized New United Aus Aust Code commodity Canada Japan EEC Zea- States tria ralia No. description
4007.00 Rubber thread and MFN 4.2ZB 6.8ZB,2 4.9ZB 6.2ZB OZB, 25ZU 5ZU cord 10.3ZB 3.9%A 5ZB 2 GSP 0% (0%) OZ 2.5Z 20Z 0% or 6.5*
4008.11 Plates,sheets and MFN 4.2%B1 10.3ZB 4.6ZB 5.8ZB 7ZB 25ZU 20ZU, strip of cellular 30ZB, rubber 40ZU
GSP o% 6.5% (0Z) OZ 3.5Z 20Z 15Z, 15Z, 30Z
4008.19 Rods and profile MFN 4.2XB1 10.3ZB 4.6ZB 4.4ZB , 7ZB 25ZU 40ZU shapes of cellular rubber GSP 0% 6.5% (0Z) 0Z 3.5Z 20Z 30%
4008.21 Plates.sheets and MFN 3.4%B OZB, 4.9ZB 4.9ZB 7ZB 20ZB 20ZU, strip of non-cellular 10.3ZB 3.9ZA 40ZU rubber GSP 6.5Z (0Z) 0% 1.57 I5Z 15Z, " 30%
4008.29 Rods and profile MFN 5.8%B 10.8ZB 4.9ZB 4.4ZB 7ZB 257B 40ZU ' shapes of non- 3.9ZA i cellular rubber 1 GSP OX (0Z) OZ 3.5Z 20Z i 307
4009.10 Tubes,pipes and hoses MFN 3.1ZB 11.3ZB 4.6ZB 4.9ZB 7ZB 40ZB 45ZU - not reinforced or 25ZU otherwise combined with other material GSP OX 7.5Z (0Z) OZ 3.5Z 20Z 35Z
4009.20 - Reinforced or MFN 3.LZB 11.3ZB 4.6ZB 1 4.9% 7% 40ZB 45ZU otherwise combined 25ZU only with metals GSP 0% 7.5% (0Z) OZ 3.5% 20% 35Z
4009.30 - Reinforced or MFN 3.UB 11.3ZB 4.6ZB 4.9ZB 7ZB 407.B 45ZU otherwise combined 25%U only with textile materials CSP 0% 7.57. (0%) 0% 3.5% 20% 35Z
4009.40 - Reinforced or MFN 3.1ZB 11.3ZB 4.6ZB 4.9ZB 7ZB 40%B 45ZU otherwise combined 25%U 3 with other materials GSP 07, 7.57, (0Z) 0% 3.5% 20Ï 35%
4009.50 - With fittings MFN 3.UB 11.3ZB 4.6ZB 4.9ZB 7%B 40ZB 45ZU, 25ZU 55ZU
GSP 0% 7.57. (0Z) 0% 3.5% 20Z 35%, 457.
Of natural rubber. 6.6%B for products of synthetic rubber 2 Not covered 3 Without fittings MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Table 4 Page 9 Rubber Tyres and Tubes
Harmonized H.S. United Fin Aust commodity Canada Japan EEC Tode States ria land ralia Zea No. description land (CCCN)
4011 New pneumatic tyres MFN 4ZB 10.7ZB OZB 5.8ZB 20ZB 25ZB 25ZU 40ZU, 4011.10 - for motor cars 55ZU
GSP OZ 7Z (OZ)* 10Z - 20Z -
4011.20 - for buses or MFN 4ZB 10.7ZB OZB 5.8ZB 20ZB 25ZB 25ZU 40ZU, lorries 55ZU GSP 0% 7Z (OZ)* 10Z 20Z -
4011.40 - for motor cycles MFN 4ZB 10.7ZB OZB,3 5.8ZB 20ZB 25ZB OZU 40ZU 4.2ZB 3.4ZA CSP 0Z 7% (0Z) (0Z)T | 10Z - -
4011.50 - for bicycles MFN 5ZB ! 10.7ZR 4.2ZB 5.8ZB 20ZB 25ZB 27.5ZB 40Z ! 3.4ZA OZU or $2.5 each
GSP 7Z (0Z) (OZ)* 10Z 20Z or 1 $2.5 each i
4011.91 - having a MFN OZB, OZB1 OZB3, 5.8ZB 20ZB 25ZB 15ZU 40ZU, "herring-bone 4%B 10.2ZB 4.2ZB 55ZU or similar I0.7ZB 3.4ZA j tread GSP OZ 6.5Z (0Z) (OZ)* 10Z - 10Z - 7%
4011.99 - other MFN OZB, OZB1 OZB3, 5.8ZB 20ZB 25ZB 15ZU 40ZU 4ZB 10.2ZB 4.2ZB
10.7ZB 3.4ZA i 11.7ZB
GSP 0Z 6.5Z (OZ) (OZ)* 10Z 10Z 7Z 1 7.5Z
4013 Inner tubes: MFN 3.7ZB 10.2ZB 6.5ZB 5.8ZB 20ZB j 25ZB 15ZU j 40ZU, 4013.10 - for motor cars 3.2ZA 55ZU (4011) GSP 0% 6.5Z (OZ) (OZ) 10% 107.
4013.20 - for bicycles MFN 15ZB 10.2ZB 4.2ZB 5.8ZB 20ZB 25ZB 27.5ZB 40ZU (4011) 3.4ZA 15ZU
GSP 6.5Z (OZ) (OZ) 10% 10% 20%
OZB 2 *-2*B 5.8ZB 20ZB 25ZB 15ZU 40ZU, »?° other MFN m% 10.2ZB' 3.4ZA GSP 0% 6.5Z (OZ) (OZ)* 10% 10% 20%
Having a size of 3,600 X 51 or 4,000 X 57 For aircraft 3 With a width exceeding 10.16 cm 4 CSP no applicable to Romania New pneumatic tyres, of a kind used in the assembly of motor vehicles as may be determined Table 5 MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 10 Other Rubber Articles H.s. Harmonized United Aust Code commodity Canada Japan EEC Zea States tria ralia No. description land (CCCN)
4014.10 Sheath contraceptives MFN 4.2%B 10.3%B 4.2%B 3%B 7XB 25%U 5%U (4012) 3.4%A GSP 0% 6.5% (0%) 0% 3.5% 20% 0%
4014.90 Other hygienic or MFN 3.1%B, 10.3%B 4.2%B 3%B 7%B 25%U 0%B, (4102) phamaceutical 4.2%B 3.4%A 5%P, articles 20%U __ __ 35%U GSP 0% 6.5% (0%) 3.5% 20% 0%, 25%
4015.11 Surgical gloves MFN 3.7%B 25%B 4.2%B 5.3%B 7%B 25%U 47.5% or (4013) 3.4%A 8 i pair + 20% GSP 0% 16.5% (0%) 0% 3.5% 20% 27.5% or 8 i pair
4015.19 Other gloves MFN 3.7%B1/ 25%B 4.2%B 5.3%B 7%B 25%U as above (4013 14%B 3.4ZA 16.5% (0%) 0% 3.5% 20% as above GSP ex0%-
4015.90 Other articles MFN 5%B 22.5% 4.2%B 6.2%B 7%B 2%U,7 40%U (4013) of apparel and 1 3.4%A 25%II : clothing 60%U accessories GSP 1 15% (0%) 0% 3.5% 0%. 35% 20%^ 1 55% i 4016.10 Other articles of MFN 4.2%B 10.3%B 5.8%B 5.3%B 9%B 25%U 20%P, (4014) of cellular rubber 4.6%A 40%U 1 GSP 0% 6.5% (0%) ox 4.5% 20% 20%, 1 30% 1 4016.91 Floor coverings MFN 5.3%B 11.3ZB 3.4%B 4.4%B 9%B 25ZU 20%U, (4014) and mats of cellular , 1 0%A 40%U rubber GSP 0% 7.5% (0%)" 0% 4.5% 20% 20%, • 30% 4016.92 Erasers MFN 4.2%B 10.3%B 3.4% 4.4% 9% 25%U 35%U (4014) j GSP 0% 6.5% (0%) 0% 4.5% 20% 20% i
4016.93 Gaskets, washers MFN ' 3.5%B 10.3%B 3.4%B 4.4%B 9%BJ 25%U 40%U (4014) and other seals 1 GSP ; 0% 6.5% (0%) 0% 4.5%5 20% 30%
4016.94 Boat and dock MFN 5.3%B 10.3%B 3.4%B i 4.4%B 9%B 25%U 40%U ' (4014) fenders GSP | 0% 6.5% (o%) ! 0% ; 4.5% 20% 30% 1 I 4016.95 Other inflatable MFN 4.2%B 15%B, 3.4%B 4.4ZB 9% 25%U 40%U (4014) articles 10.2%B 1 GSP i - 10% (0%)" T 0% 4.5% 20% 30% 6.5% ' 1
4016.99 Other articles of MFN 3.4%B 10.3%B 3.4%B 4.4%B 9%B 25%U 0-40%P (4014) vulcanized rubber 6.5%B 0%A other than hard 5.3%B rubber of non- 8.5%B 1 cellular rubber 4.2%B
GSP 0% 6.5% 0% 0% 4.5% 20% ?
4017.00 Hard rubber and MFN 5.3%B 0%B, 4.2%B 0%B. ; 6.5%B 25ZU 0%U, (4015) articles 10.3%B 3.4%A 2.5%B, 5%B, (4016) 3.2%B 20%B, 40%U GSP 0% 6.5% 0% 0% 3.25% 20% ?
2 3 4 Seamle ss gloves. Driving dress,etc Germents other than X -ray prote< .tion pilch es. Of a ki id used for mother vehicles. W ithout a visible reinforceraen t of metal or i the outsid > S 4.41/kjj.B , GSP S 2.20/kg. MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 11
An overview of the tariff situation
8. In developed countries natural rubber is generally imported free of duty as an essential raw material. With regard to rubber products, MFN duties of industrialized countries have been significantly reduced as a result of past multilateral trade negotiations. Practically all products in CCCN Chapter 40 (with the exception of rubber tyres and tubes in certain cases) enjoyed the 50 per cent tariff reduction in the 1964-67 Kennedy Round and the tariff reduction according to a harmonization formula in the 1973-79 Tokyo Round. Further, the GSP introduced by developed countries in the 1970s has covered industrial products extensively, including most rubber products and has eliminated or reduced many duties applicable to developing countries in the sector.
9. Nordic countries (Finland, Norway and Sweden) and Switzerland provide developing countries MFN duty-free treatment or unlimited GSP duty-free treatment for all items in Chapter 40 with the exception that Finland excludes "4011 rubber tyres" from GSP and does not apply GSP on certain rubber products from Hong Kong. The United States also grants such treatment with some exceptions (HS Nos. 4008.21, 4011.50, 4013.20, ex 4015.19, 4015.90 and 4016.95).
10. Canada grants natural rubber other than sheets and strip MFN duty-free treatment. Sheets and strip and most other rubber products are subject to MFN duties of 10.2-11.7 per cent or GSP rates of 6.5-7.5 per cent. Rubber gloves and apparel are subject to MFN duties of 22.5-25 per cent or GSP rates of 15-16.5 per cent.
The expression "provide developing countries duty-free treatment" is used in this document to provide a succinct picture of the tariff situation affecting exports from developing countries. Details of such treatment, i.e., whether "duty-free" is on an MFN basis, bound or unbound, or under the GSP, are shown in tables. MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 12
11. Japan has granted all items in Chapter 40 MFN or GSP duty-free treatment. While its GSP treatment is subject to monthly-controlled ceiling limitations and maximum country amounts, these limitations are flexibly administered. In other words, imports under GSP are allowed to continue after quantitative limitations have been reached unless a particular decision is taken not to apply GSP any longer. With respect to tyres and tubes for other than motor cars, however, the maximum country amount is not flexibly administered.
12. The EEC has also granted developing countries MFN or GSP duty-free treatment. As of 1987, all items in Chapter 40 except rubber tyres and tubes are granted unlimited GSP duty-free treatment as non-sensitive items. With respect to rubber tyres and tubes, GSP is not applicable to Romania and GSP imports from the Republic of Korea are subject to quota limitations. GSP imports from other GSP beneficiaries are subject to country-by-country ceiling limitations (see Table 6).
13. In Austria rubber products are generally dutiable at 5-20 per cent. Austrian GSP rates on all rubber products are equal to one-half of corresponding MFN rates.
14. In Australia presently applied MFN rates on rubber products are at the level of 15-25 per cent (mostly unbound) except for rubber garments for which the MFN rate is 60 per cent. GSP rates of Australia are uniformly 5 percentage points less than corresponding MFN rates.
15. In New Zealand MFN duties of 20-55 per cent (mostly unbound) apply on most rubber products. Its GSP covers all rubber products except certain rubber tyres and tubes. Its GSP rates are mostly 10-20 per cent less than corresponding MFN rates. Table 6
EEC's GSP Quotas and Ceilings on Rubber Tyres and Tubes In 1987
Community tarif! quotas Ceilings
CCT heading No Initial share of Individual ceil Individual ing for countries and Description Beneficiary Amount of quota amounts Amount of or territories NIMEXE countries or first tranche allocated to amount other than those territories (ECU) (a) (ECU) (ECU) (a) Member States under column A (ECU) (ECU)
(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 0) (8) (9)
c\ 40.11 (M Rubber tyres, tyre cases, interchangeable South Korc. 5 I 5 000 412 000 UNI 41 200 103 000 3 000 000 (40.11-21,23. lyre treads, inner lubes and tyre flaps, for DK 18 952 52,53) wheels of all kinds: D 100 116 — New inner tubes and tyre cases of the GR 7 828 kind used on bicycles, cycles with an E 24 308 auxiliary motor, motor-cycles or motor- F 73 336 scooters IRL 3 708 1 61 800 P 6 180 UK 74 572
ex 40.11 (•) Other (including tyre cases with sewnin South Korea 1 369 000 I 095 200 BNL 109 520 273 800 4 700 000 (40.11-10,25. inner tubes, for racing bicycles, and tyre DK 50 379 27,29.40.45, flaps) D 266 134 55. 57,62. 63. GR 20 809 80) E 64 617 F 194 946 IRL 9 857 I 164 280 P 16 428 UK 198 231 m 2 m H 00 S. it *GSP not applicable to Romania ^n LJ o as n Source: EC Official Journal 87-L 373 o
l* MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 14
(b) Non-Tariff Measures
16. Norway restricts imports of new pneumatic tyres for passenger cars from Japan and the Republic of Korea. New Zealand maintains import licensing controls on rubber products in line with their industry development plans. Tyres and tubes will be transferred to "licensing on demand" as of 31 March 1989 and other rubber products will be similarly liberalized as of 1 January 1990. Japan restricts imports of rubber adhesives containing more than 5 per cent of benzine by volume of solvent (HS ex 4005, 4016) in accordance with the requirements of the Industrial Safety and Health Law.
17. Amongst EEC members, Portugal maintains quantitative import restrictions on such rubber products as rubber plates and sheets, rubber tubing, rubber apparel and miscellaneous rubber articles. However, those restrictions will be removed on 31 December 1992 as provided for in the accession agreement of the country with the EEC. Five EEC member countries maintain restrictions on rubber tyres and tubes. Spain restricts imports of rubber tyres and inner tubes. Greece restricts imports of tyre cases, tyre flaps and tubeless tyres and Ireland restricts imports of used tyre cases and tubeless tyres for bicycles. Italy and Portugal restrict imports of rubber tyres from Japan.
C. Trade flows and consumption
18. Between 1981 and 1986 world production of natural and synthetic rubbers increased by 12 per cent from 12.2 million tons to 13.7 million tons, of which natural rubber accounted for 30-33 per cent. The estimated world rubber consumption was only slightly different from world production.
19. Table 7 shows main exporters of natural rubber and their exports in 1981-1986. All of them are countries in the tropical zone. Table 8 shows main importers of natural rubber and their imports in 1981-1986. Major markets for natural rubber include EEC, United States, Japan, China, USSR, Republic of Korea and Canada. Table 9 shows the consumption of natural and synthetic rubbers in main consuming countries. Table 7
Net Exports of Natural Rubber
——• i 1
Thai- Sri Viet Kampu Other Other C.A.C.M. TOTAL Y.-jr Pen insular Sarawak Sabtih Total !::ti: Lanka As ia P.N.C. I. iber ia Nigeria (b) (a) (c) (d)
8.6 JI0"> 1981 1401.7 28.2 25.5 1455.4 808.7 4 76.0 132.5 33.7p 4.0* 30.8* 4.5 76.9 23.6 57.5 198; 1316.8 15.9 21 .7 1354.4 801 .4 546. 7 131 .3 32.3 7.5* 24.2* 2.3 60.1 26.8 57.8 7.5 • 30&5 3370 1983 1497.6 18.9 21.5 1537.9 938.0 552.5 125.2 35.8 10.0* 19.0* 2.7 73.6 28.8 62.U* 9. 7 1984 1485.8 18.0 25.2 1529.Op 1009.6 595.2 126.2 43.0* 12.0* 19.0* 3.0 87.9 28.8 65.5* 8.9p 3525 1985 1426.4 17.4 22.0 1465.8 1000.9 685.3 120.4 44.0* 14 n* 24.7* 5.1 87.2 29.1 69.0* 10.6p 3600 90.4 34.4 78.0* 10.0* 3605 !9.Sh 1444.3 16.3 24.6 1485.2 958. 7 753.8 1 10.0 48.0* 15.0» 30.3* 4.9
N.B.- P.U.C." 1'apna New Guinea; C.A.C.M.» Central American Common Market. (a) - Including inter-regional traJe. (b) - Cross exports. (c) - Exports from Brunei, Burma and the Philippines, (d) - Exports from Cameroon, Cote d'Ivoire, Chana and Zaire. (e) - Including allowances for discrepancies in officially reported statistics.
Source of Tables 7, 8 and 9: Rubber Statistical Bulletin, July 1987 International Rubber Study Group
TJ 2£ H 0»0 Z m SeBn Ui o ae
OenN Table 8
NET IMPORTS OF NATURAL RUBBER
n.'n- Bel g F.R. of Ire Nut lier Port- Tot.il Ausi Fin Switz Yugo- Total -d S Year k Germany Creece land 1 L .-• 1 y -lauds nga 1 H '"'" Spain U.K. K. 1.. C . -i in land Norway S«..l,.n erland Turkey O.W.K. 0toQ V. (a) ro CD Z 1981 28. 1 3.2 163.8 1 70.0 6.2 6.8 120.8 17.4 12.0 91 .3 118.6 738.1 22.5 6.9 2.6 8.3 3.0 24.8 38.4 106.3
N.B. O.W.E.- Other Western Europe. (a) Excluding latex for 1982 and 1987 onwards.
Total Czecho German Eastern South Other Year Bulgar ia slovakia DIM». Rep. Hungary Poland Roman ia U.S.S.R. Europe Egypt Africa Africa U.S.A. Canada Argent ina Brazi1 Chile (a) (b) (c)
1981 13.5 52.5 36.6 14.5 28.5 51 .8 217.8 415.3 6.6 70. 7 2 7.0* 650.0 81.5 1 7.8 42.5 4. 1 1982 15.2 48.7 31.3 12.3 49.1 18.2 187.2 362.0 6.8 40.3 25.0* 620.3 71 .6 22 .8 38.1 1 .4 1983 15.5* 49.2 45.6 16.4 42.8 40.0 237.7 447.5* 7.2 21.2 24.0* 657.0 88.5 30.2 35.2 5. 1 1984 15.0* 50.6 44.5 16.2 59.0 52.2 199.2 435.0* 7.7 32.3 23.0* 757.6 103.1 32.7 57.5 7.0 1985 15.5* 46.6 39.1 13.0 56.5 37.8 166.8 375.0* 8.0* 29.0 22.5* 769.7 103.7 21.0* 60.2 5.9p 6.0* 1986 12.0* 42.5* 43.0* 14.4 22.6 45.0* 168.2 347.0* 7.0* 24.0* 721 .0 93.5 28.0* 1 1
(a) - I nc I ud i ng l^tox at J;I us s voîgh: as f n«n 1982 . (b) - As tin*re may be some double counting in the reported exports from Malaysia and Singapore to East European countries, it is considered that some downward adjustment in the total of the import estimate is required. (c) - Cross imports; estimated re-exports are normally less than 200 tonnes p.a. However in 1984 and 1983 the U.S.A. reported imports of NR from Canada of 3211 and 4303 tonnes respect ively. For 1986 re-exports have been estimated at 4500 tonnes.
Other Hong Rep. of Other New CRAN0; Year Colomb ia Mexico Venezuela Ame r i c a China Kong India Iran Israel Japan Korea Pakistan Ti iwan As ia Aus t ra1io Zea 1 and TOTAL J (a) 1 1981 12.2 58.0 14.2 25.0* 138.0 4.4 36.8 13.5* 8.2 445.7 120.6 10.8 59.0 16.0* 41.4 7.7 3170 1982 14.8 4 7.4 14.2 21 .0* 150.5 4.2 45.8 20.0* 9.7 413.5 118.3p 10.2 67.0 18.0* 37.9 7.6 3045 1983 14.7 37.1p 12.6p 20.0* 239.9 4. 1 24.5 23.0* 10.6 494.6 127.0 10.3 81.0 20.0* 28.6 5.8 3325 1984 15.9 ..... lp 13.5p 19.5* 215.7 4.1 38.0 27.0* 11 .0 515.0 150.4 12.4 88.0 22.0* 36.9 7. 1 3555r 1985 18.0* 65.4 10.0* 19.0* 163.3 3.9 34.3 22.0* 13.9p 539.9 158.8 13.3 93.0 20.0* 35.8 6. 7 3565 1986 16.0* 45.0* 12.0* 20.0* 211.0 4.3 60. 3y 24.0* 9.0* 534.5 179.9 14.8 117.4 20.0* 30.6 6.1 3580 Table ? «. CONSUMPTION OF NATURAL RUBBER
Other Other K.U. of Nether Other Western K.lStCl II Ausl - Other Lat in GRAND Year U.S.A. Canada ranee Germany Italy U.K. E . K. C. Europe Europe Africa ralia China Ind.a Japan Brazil Aine rn'a TOTAL (c) (c) (d) P (e) (t)
1981 635.0 82.0* 169.0 169.1 123.0 19.0 120.0 157.0* 100.0* 400.0* 112.0* 41.9 275.0* 181.9 436.0 462.0* 74.4 145.0* 3 700 1982 585.0 76.0* 158.0 171 .2 123.0 17.9 118.0 140.0* 110.0* 370.0* 109.0* 36.4 305.0* 197.0 439.0 503.0* 67.8 135.0* 3660 1983 665.0 87.0* 163.0 179.5 111.0 16.4 120.0 145.0* 135.0* 405.0* 98.0* 30.9 365.0* 205.4 504.0 546.0* 70.2 149.0* 3995 1984 750.7 102.0* 162.0 190.0 117.0 11 .7 118.0 157.0* 125.0* 390.0* 98.0* 35.9 402.0 212.5 525.0 597.0* 88.7 157.0* 4240 1985 764.0 95.0 156.0 202.2 127.0 11.9 126.0 166.0* 143.0* 395.0* 94.0* 35.8 415.0* 232.7 539.5 605.0* 97.6 148.0* 4355 745.Oy 83.8y 158.7 198.7 133.0 12.2 130.0 185.0* 140.0* 375.0* 98.0* 1986 30.6* 420.0* 251.7 535.0 6 50.0* 142.0* 4385
(c> - Monthly allowances of 1,200 tonnes for F.R. of Cermany and of 200 tonnes for the Netherlands for 1987 are included to cover consumption outside the l r a>t 11 i onal ruhher industry. (.1) - I--.1 i...,.i.-,l consumption Tor most countries arrived at by correcting net imports to allow for working stocks. , rr,.,itly at 1.2 months' consumption. In. !,,.!, u N.-w /,-.11.111.1. (M - lin-1 II<1 in,-, allowances for .1 i sr r.-p.mc i,.» in ollicially reported statistics.
CONSUMPTION OF NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC RUBBER
Other Other F.K. of Nether Other West eru Eastern Ausl - Other Lat in GRAND Year U.S.A. Canada France Cermany Italy -lands U.K. K. K. C. Europe Africa ral la China India Jj.ian Bra/, i 1 America TOTAL (a) P (c) (d)
1981 2657.0 292.0* 472.4 565.4 388.0 85.8 367.0 426.0* 350.0* 2885.0* 232.0* 99.8 430.0* 225.6 1287.0 796.0* 275.7 43J.0* 12265 1982 2350.0 258.0* 423.2 553.1 373.0 81.0 350.0 383.0* 3 70.4* 2800.0* 213.0* 92.4 475.0* 247.0 1236.0 821.0* 262.5 405.0* 1 1695 1983 2547.5 282.0* 439.6 575.3 355.8 82.1 348.0 380.0* 420.0* 2905.0* 134.0* 74.1 545.0* 258.1 1355.0 896.0* 269.4 439.U* 12355 1984 2812.0 310.0* 449.0 593.0 380.0 73.7 365.0 423.0* 425.0* 3100.0* 195.0* 83.4 613.0 269.8 1440.0 992.0* 311.7 435.0* 13245 1985 2763.0 268.0* 46 7.8 613.5 403.5 70.7 364.0 438.0* 448.0* 3142.0* 18 7.0* 82.1 660.0* 30 3. 1 1487.0 96 5.0* 332.5 404.0* 13400
1986 2820.0) 274.Oy 460.3 640.9 418.0 69.3 36 '<. 1) 480.0* 420.0* 1! 75.0* 192.0* ,'8.9* 680.0* 321 .1 144 5.0 1U50.U* .1)8.0* 13630y
(a) - Ctossed-up estimates to 1982. (.c) - Including New Zealand. IJ1 - Including; allowances for apparent discrepancies in officially reported statistics.
PERCENTAGE CONSUMPTION OK SYNTHETIC RUBBER
Other Other tu F.R. of Nether Other Western Eastern Aust Other Lat in GRAND (TO Year U.S.A. Canada France Germany Italy -lands U.K. E.E.C. Europe Europe Afr ica ral ia China India Japan Asia Brazi 1 Amer ica TOTAL It O as o 1981 76.1 71 .9 64.2 70.1 68.3 77.8 67.3 63.1 71 .4 86.1 51 .7 58.0 36.0 19.4 66.1 42.0 73.0 66.5 69.8 SS 63.4 86.8 48.8 60.7 35.8 20.2 64.5 38.7 74.2 66.7 68.7 1982 75.1 70.5 62.7 69.3 67.0 77.8 66.3 70.2 a 1983 73.9 69.2 62.9 68.8 68.9 80.0 65.5 61 .8 67.9 86.1 46.7 58.2 33.0 20.4 62.8 39.1 73.9 66.1 67.7 ON 1984 73.3 67.1 63.9 68.0 69.1 84. 1 67.7 62.9 70.6 87.4 49.7 57.0 34.4 21.2 63.5 39.8 71.5 63.9 68.0 1985 72.3 64.5 66.7 67.0 68.5 83.2 65.4 62.1 68.1 87.4 49.7 56.4 37.1 23.2 63.7 37.3 70.6 63.4 67.5 21.6 63.0 38.1 65.2 67.8 1986 73.6y 69.4 65.5 69.0 68.2 82.4 64.4 61.5 66.7 88.2 49.0 61 .2 38.2
N.B.- The percentage figures given above refer to the consumption of synthetic rubber expressed as a percentage of total new rubber co MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 18
20. Developed countries generally import natural rubber to complement their production of synthetic rubber. Brazil and India produce both natural and synthetic rubbers and import both of them to complement their own production.
21. Tables 10, 11 and 12 show main importers and exporters as well as their imports and exports in 1980-1984 with respect to rubber semi-manufactures, rubber tyres and tubes, and other rubber articles. World exports and imports of rubber semi-manufactures amounted to US$1.56 billion and US$1.61 billion, respectively. Those of rubber tyres and tubes amounted to US$7.35 and US$7.91 billion, respectively, and those of other rubber articles, US$2.10 billion and US$2.27 billion respectively.
22. Exporters and importers of the three categories of rubber products are numerous although a major part of trade in rubber products takes place between developed countries. Major exporters of rubber tyres and tubes include EEC, Japan, Canada, Republic of Korea, United States, Brazil, Austria, Yugoslavia, Sweden and Israel.
SECTION II: Tropical wood and wood products
A. Product information
(a) Tariff and statistical classifications
23. CCCN/HS Chapter 44 covers wood and most wood products and CCCN/HS Chapter 94 covers furniture including wooden furniture. Under the CCCN, wood and wood products were classified only according to the stage of processing and product forms or uses. Under the Harmonized System, however, most commercially important varieties of tropical wood have been separately identified at the fifth or sixth digit level under four-digit
Market economy countries only. Table 10 MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 19 Imports and Exports of Rubber Semi-Manufactures
SITC: 621
IN THOUSAND U.S. DOUARS EN MILLIERS DE DOUARS EU
COUNTIIES-f>AVS IMPORTS - IMPORTATIONS COUNTRIES PAYS EXPORTS • EXPORTATIONS
1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984
World Morh«l Economy 1904265 1806699 1692937 1641526 16'4755 Etonom.ei dc March* 1721504 1377165 1526454 1458936 15635.8
»(.«. .148360 173608 .122566 .133150 .90462 Afnq.. 5523 .3224 .3046 • 3077 • 1047 North Arnco 44032 53924 55536 .52599 •4388' Af.-qut du Ned 706 229 .213 .247 I2S
AwMtricai .250567 .280319 242134 .206189 •243166 »n>.-q.«> 181343 '86574 .159689 .16828! .209207 •115874 .127332 112922 .63374 15365 14032 .10087 .961' CACM 17727 19140 13937 .11431 .9776 MCAC 6261 5201 .4165 .492' •3470
,„ 250655 292610 282734 •294234 .244360 A„. 142013 171290 I7S3I6 .164214 .191609 M-ddk Eoil .84648 4109503 •106210 «97728 .79294 Moftn Ori»nl .2117 2436 967 7 .2541 .2109 forop. 1195760 995269 981864 956473 973997 Eorcet 1387264 1210803 1180682 1119252 115700' IK IT») 882247 733533 729475 CEE ID..I 1179222 1025752 962004 IFTA 252665 209156 203375 194015 197710 AELE 163630 143985 140239 133389 140387
0<~~. .58922 64893 •63620 •51462 •62749 0<.on,. .5159 5274 4722 .4092 .4693
Germony 'eOeroJ Rep 240998 202339 196458 199566 2COO08 Germcy l'ederor Rep 360713 300438 30538! 300660 311347 13563' 133497 131341 135036 310059 198273 203034 19357! 199024 Untied Kirtgdorn 115101 98534 107317 110723 106359 222057 182501 166079 143620 t«ig»vt—l y M embourg 102898 91443 90153 67012 85965 Jni'ja < ngdotn 216917 191341 160022 133129 140078 Is* rhe-rton.il/Poy. la* 106492 82439 B6I39 75970 86578 USA E'o'.-Umsd'Amtr 124824 121977 103384 125659 53216 59219 50935 59075 73133 Jopon jQpCtn 91953 l'2393 100903 118229 Hot» 'Hoi* 74787 60'70 55054 53706 57852 6elg "•««'Miifl** .27015 •37514 61267 27974 43740 •fi-rdi Par» Bot 4717* 42304 42400 37491 39354 SwrturWtrf/ SWIM 50927 42796 39353 39437 SpO N or*, a y ' N orv#oe 32030 29419 26363 23719 24985 Hroel VO*l 4698 3801 4348 5795 719! Ko'ec Republic 21914 41369 15423 Finland Finland* 4630 4519 318! Hong Kong 20374 25293 22591 27691 26377 Korea »«pjbii< 2304 4578 4713 4422 5830 Spain/Etvpogn* 30446 20652 20711 19629 Bran! B'*i.< 5024 4834 310 .4223 So. Africa Customs Un 22112 26107 20709 .'4367 Argent ne Arg«nttn« 4969 2861 .596 Alfleno/Alg*-!* 18625 17207 16933 16576 .12084 1927 .3132 .2972 .3176 .2293 .13609 .19033 •12116 TKai-ond Thailand* 3417 2862 3127 2685 3617 Iraiï/IrèJ 21656 26799 13496 7696 N*. Zealand 2017 3059 3229 2190 2142 1 naon«*ia •'tndont (M 15971 13228 <6630 11 6945 Iroiond/Mond* 19359 16667 13691 13723 15854 O^C't-0 c 1993 2089 .2426 .2327 .2111 Por-vgol 17242 15604 15467 11131 13292 So •'•tr-r.i'o-ilJf. 3341 2405 2193 .1967 .792 G'«*<* G-ec* 11299 1600! 13640 '2616 7259 2725 3479 209 108 EgrpvEgypet 4137 11199 .14133 .11244 * .S "3 3 A'ji"0 •« 3021 2'74 1964 2343 11579 11703 14496 Cos'o R-to 2062 2233 1670 • 1111 1373» 12796 12199 9529 • 4937 OUe CU. 2375 1592 • 1325 .1483 Perv'P**Ov 15616 16199 13324 .4509 • 2321 344 511 1151 1462 2CS Maèartia/MalaiM 11931 • 6646 .9014 339 1045 1092 as Litojron Arab Jan*ohifryo 6896 6716 .7341 Meixo Manqu* .673 .790 .954 .794 .2953 9098 8394 '.-•«' "»'qu* 33 261 956 1334 United Arab Envrotet 5421 6313 11276 .9263 .7022 K.-o-t lo-ett 471 600 1074 .219 • 31 Iron {lilormt Rp. of) .7352 .11045 .4672 .10176 • 10262 Por.ugo 962 588 1205 276 782 Tuntiio/Tuniin* 7292 7486 7961 7930 6397 949 352 239 930 .93 Sy'loi Arab Republic 5853 5355 5944 10713 So.d. Arob.o 576 497 243 .773 • 89 CW*/Chili 9736 .3507 .7170 •9526 374 701 .225 • 203 rhaOand ' Tha.lond* 5472 6095 6367 7001 6676 El Soi.oaor 932 439 228 .276 .157 11363 • 3837 133 393 .117 Argon hna / Arg • nlm* 8630 Co-ontbo Colomb.* 662 262 193 183 CoJomb-a 'Colombia 4537 5611 6755 5732 S232 U-.ied ArobEr-'o'ei .283 • III .280 .233 lahraàn/loh'oin 1037 11625 .2234 .1497 143 312 176 29Cl India'ind* 4112 5489 • 3261 .36,6 Oom>r> con Republic 43 87 244 .271 (VALUE AS % Of TOTAL MARKET ECONOMY)( VALEUR EN % DU TOTAL DES ECONOMIES DE MARCHE) 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 104 8.7 130 107 • 7 1 96 .7 2 •8 1 • 3 6 04 02 02 03 03 .0 3 .02 .02 .0 ! North Afnco 3 5 2 1 32 2.6 2.0 23 30 33 .3 2 .27 Afrique du Nord 0.0 00 00 00 0.0 0.0 0.0 •0.0 .00 00 Amorxoi 113 12.4 115 13 6 • 140 • 132 • 155 143 • 126 .130 Am.r.,».i 17 J 171 17.3 95 101 10 6 111 .105 • 11.6 .134 59 4| 43 • 4} • 7 0 67 • 4 0 .50 08 09 1.0 09 0.7 09 09 .0 7 .0 7 .0 6 CACM ! 2 1.1 1.3 1.1 1 0 0» 1.1 06 •0 7 .0 6 MCAC 02 03 0.1 04 03 04 01 .0 1 •0 3 .0 2 AM 10 9 11.6 121 • 11.6 117 132 • 6.2 16 7 • 179 .15.1 A,.. 63 62 6.9 1 1 75 82 109 116 .". 3 • 12 2 M.ddi» Eatt 1.7 4.5 54 .46 .4 1 • 43 •60 •6 3 • 6.0 .49 Mo,.n On.nl 0 1 01 03 0 1 .0 1 .0 1 0.1 06 •0 2 .0 1 Europ. 61 5 64.0 612 586 606 62 8 SS 1 360 513 60 3 Europ. 75 6 75 4 73 1 619 III 80 6 761 77.1 74 7 74 0 EEC (l.n) 427 453 46.1 41.6 446 463 429 43 3 452 CEE ID..1 64 9 70.1 68 3 63 0 652 64 2 61 5 E7TA 155 14 6 140 12.6 126 133 116 12 0 11 6 '22 All! B9 9.1 • 4 95 92 95 9 1 92 93 90 0<..~> 1.6 34 12 • 3 1 .30 .3 1 36 .3 7 .3 ' .39 Oc.on. 03 02 03 .0 1 .0 3 .0 2 02 03 •0 3 .0 3 Germany Federal Rep 110 117 12.1 11 3 III 12 7 112 116 132 '24 Ctrmor» 'edcro' Rap 169 111 192 21.1 21 6 21 0 190 20 0 20 6 199 85 10.0 9 4 93 7.J • 0 34 92 108 100 11.1 126 12 2 136 13 3 13 3 12 7 United Kingdom 47 5.0 6 1 58 60 3.5 67 66 126 12.3 122 124 129 11 6 10 3 93 let 31 u m-1 u aembovr g 66 61 6.1 52 34 5.1 33 33 53 Un.'.d Kingdom 111 122 127 12.6 !2.6 12 1 10 5 93 90 M»rK«rtcmdi < Poy » Boi 41 33 3.0 33 3.6 46 5.1 54 USA E'oit-Un.i d Ann 13] 152 61 73 77 7] 90 50 1.1 3 2 31 33 30 36 45 7op01 Jopon 45 5.1 30 33 72 76 21 3.1 3 1 11 33 39 31 33 33 36 Belg.wn-lu.tmbou'g 51 32 36 3 1 50 32 S 1 USA f toti-Um» d'Amer 00 02 0.2 1.0 4 0 23 3 1 28 33 43 Aul" 0 Autrirh. 27 25 29 36 11 38 1.9 40 37 Sweden/Sued* 36 43 39 3 5 3.6 36 2.1 3 1 32 34 Sr-rdtn Sued. 45 39 37 39 31 38 1.3 34 35 35 Awitrot-a ' AbVrori* 23 24 2 3 2 2 2 ! 22 27 27 22 26 Coned" 1 0 ! S 1 7 19 23 2 0 29 26 33 43 Source of Tables 10, 11 and 12: UN 1984 International Trade Statistics Yearbook Volume II. These Tables do not include East Europe, China and Taiwan Province (China). MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 20 Table 11 Imports and Exports of Rubber Tyres and Tubes SITC: 625 . IN THOUSAND U.S. DOLLARS-. EN MILLIERS DE DOLLARS E.U COUNTIIES-PAYS SPORTS - IMPORTATIONS COUN1RIÏS-PATS Ei»ORTS- EXPORTATIONS 1980 | 1981 1982 1983 19841 1980 '981 1982 1983 World Mo'ltt l(0«O«7 6390756 (372137 7213233 .7410133 .7906162 :iow"*i 6. Mo*«Wj 799309 (:::.(: 6691(56 6(39213 •6ÎJ9Î3 7672(6 .42(543 .3(7293 .433642 Al.*)». .21497 let 25071 .14319 19(037 230423 160916 •264042 .194929 AfrtQo» 0- Ned 393 .37 .1537 .3169 216263. 2364(10 .1999103 .2157111 .3(22079 Mw, (9(909 •077343 .903332 .606308 3.76S" •2(1510 .1626(5 •1(4930 134792 •4«4j (5907 133438 58478 52336 44(79 .57647 .52670 »CAC 75336 25SS3 •32413 .32619 ,l) liJW .1392334 •121276( .1271755 .1294 113 Ml 2044648 23:2023 1739673 1964294 .1017351 .1039797 .(3(934 •(399(4 .914944 M°T,n 0'«" 7458C -3331 42639 .11699 4C.'76: 3610976 3342136 37144(0 30977(3 E*op« 5009(80 46 03C6 3919616 39169(4 IIC(T«*) 3117653 2(24262 2609609 2302913 23(4143 CEE 10..) 42C3299 3(7927! 3317346 32(747 1 7(6732 702063 64(670 62'098 602337 ABU 297876 36 25 331599 256537 .216263 236711 230667 •179495 .256346 Ckeo.. • '(304 .436 13766 .7307 USA E'Ci-^-.i c Am*. 1302564 1413456 1316539 1503414 1962531 Japon Jo pen 13(2052 1652991 1344698 13165(2 Grxncnf 'tor-c Rtp 969054 9056. 773152 721377 14359e9 •3333'0 1069126 5(2719 316524 4837(1 421020 Gc— C-T ftdtrai Ifp 910472 (2914 764417 759435 U*»t*d Kingd©— 394512 3694(2 337010 4 12463 3(69(0 United Kingdom 622235 5(2090 434979 So-C ArobrfJ 327(42 3073(6 3(7713 •361332 523969 436644 413101 Holy KBl'C 439263 339154 391467 26(520 3(7337 USA Etett-U't.ie'A**' 31134' »C 673 3(3944 31(083 310081 2259(2 307113 433940 333961 333433 409633 446379 •• tg *"«-•. ui r «be wg 33(320 269531 265336 333274 310(54 « 0'*C 1 »£>.b"< 477C51 439641 3(2377 367543 n«ih*-te"di fou let 2603(3 343(83 220(10 322509 321996 Ït-'B .--. «i«"»bcu'ç 365336 336361 3177(3 227606 220170 204324 1((69( 1(9650 Spc- Etp-oç»* 419920 370640 334365 263310 S-*M- SfCf 16(339 189898 1(24(3 133466 201955 N»tK»f*ondi-P»filet 213(06 224262 307636 219995 A«I"C C ' A.l-C t 2103(0 176368 160335 165(70 153614 Agilrio Autriche 43238 135360 137110 S-.'irfto^ S-'is* 273998 .60543 .21645 '.JCI'C-O 6660 96943 963(6 109344 N.O*"© N-gr"C .142706 .179124 .24772 .69 438 •143365 9(727 ( 5'S 73567 94390 :-o- :..!.-< tp o') .133(03 •125166 .64933 .11(143 '•t.c-C -.c-Ot 32642 traq '06662 110669 124(31 112137 us: 35314 Jopc- Jope'- 12S43( 1006(2 96(36 99312 • 9595 39094 A„i".cA."f( 10620. («451 (9329 (0639 (0166 335(9 .1243 10073( (00(9 (3255 919(3 ((639 F-nbncf 'i-ito^d* 21656 4-94 3334! 126299 12(230 .101<(( .16934 .43122 Sngapo-* S'Aoopow .7263 •7301 19459 20068 1263.9 107178 (66(0 .3(460 •67910 N SmçopO't ' S"*fiOPOuf 33 165 4 1994 30945 55136 57076 Por.woo. (640 (255 6437 7643 So AlrKO Cutlorni On 29131 49(93 4317( .62957 5942 260C 27336 39492 3(06( 9662 Seo>n Eipagnf 33533 40305 35(63 3(096 Argrni-no Argc"-*» 582 6C39 462' ; ((72 Pok'ttan 3(681 36732 3928( 33905 Hong Ko*g 2 1 3396 5473 3(37} 31540 27697 MolorfO MolgiM C74C 4991 • 4251 •14343 .72072 MfiHO Mtinlvt • 9(6 .1174 24272 .73313 .3412 Colombio 'C©'oTib.« 23737 7(363 31(4* 233K *m"0l.0 AullroiW 650 3933 7743 19379 33303 .:523 33673 32838 Moiemb-civt • 67< 754 6637 Mortfl Kong 27054 -.383 23486 209(5 26951 •>o.a A'ob-o 3255 , 3333 2374 .2464 Jo'don Jo'Oo-'t 2(477 76'95 16121 16825 S jr. —0 '0l0 3710 i 2673 2667 j '151 Kboon-Libe" •243(6 .37197 •16433 • 24600 Z.mbobx I'K 679 1730 to^-c - ftC-'»," PrUtppift* i 3II4( 17633 167 163C A«gtnti«o Arafi'-n* Colombie Co*Omb^ 2504 29 (34 O«o« 20733 J1713 22(34 C-bo .64 .334 N*. Iialend 1(224 1(196 36637 Un.tid Aiob E*i-'0'«» .1409 .963 15924 727 616 687 '»«i-y Cool' Co't d''« .34365 193(1 21426 14(2( .17293 37 363 62' .1744 irOO'wi'C'i'-dc'tiit 20301 21363 17936 I5BI6 .14328 Ifboion l*o« .466 .239 .677 | .1002 (VALUE AS % OF TOTAL MARKET ECONOMY» VALEUR EN % DU TOTAL DES ECONOMIES DE MARCHE) 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1981 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 (2 70 92 .5 5 04 03 02 03 .0 2 07 • 0 2 .0 ! X..B- AI...O 34 2C 24 38 32 2 4 30 22 .3 6 .3 5 Al>>qu« dw Ned 0 1 CC CO .CO .0 0 .0 0 • 0 0 .0 1 A...K6, 2(0 31 1 316 29 2 30 3 231 2(3 .27 7 .29 1 .35 7 A«.,«,«. • 17 '1 4 ' 3 :6 107 1! 2 '33 .135 • 133 .160 23 22 33 3 0 .29 33 .3 9 • 2 7 .2 3 06 07 • 3 1 3 1 6 ! 3 1 ( .2 6 CAC« 07 08 06 06 07 07 06 06 .'., 6 .0 7 MCAC 04 04 : 3 0 3 03 03 03 •0 3 .0 3 • 0 3 A.,0 11 1 13 1 11 5 .179 .177 .16 1 .166 .161 • 17 7 .164 A,., 19 2 20 4 20 7 20 6 21 1 25 6 7(7 26 3 2» 1 310 *•*«> '<"' 77 10.0 83 • 9 8 .9 1 .17 1 .124 .11 6 .11 3 .116 «w"0"" 07 02 '- •' 04 07 09 09 06 .0 7 06 i—p. 49! '6 3 47 6 46 4 47 ( 4(2 43 1 46 3 43 4 39 2 [..op. (66 67 6 676 6(5 67 ( 62 7 57 5 39 6 37 4 32 7 11(11.-, 36 0 36 9 370 3(7 33 7 36 7 33 ( 30 2 Cll 10.., 315 57 6 41 1 43 2 IIIA 102 93 95 (6 S( 9 4 (4 90 (4 76 «Ill 34 " ' : ' ' 4 3 3 7 " 31 3( 37 cw.„ 31 30 76 .7 3 .73 .71 26 32 .3 4 • 3 3 O..0- 0 ! 0' C 01 .0 1 .0 7 07 02 .0 1 .0 1 j . 4 USA 1,0,,-u.., „ A„,, 149 21 1 20 3 19 5 20 3 (ï 169 1(3 20 3 23 1 Jo [ion Japon '3 1 157 :, 14 1 173 30 6 20 1 72 3 22 2 ûl'n», !••)..QI Rtp '18 173 M ( 196 16 2 E6 19 3 16 0 160 132 7 3 70 7 2 67 37 '34 13 4 43 132 103 3. 33 43 36 49 60 1 7 ' 3 76 7 3 60 52 5"*C A.ob. 7 2 32 39 37 3 4 (7 ( 1 36 60 5 1 3 3 33 33 36 39 40 36 U*.A E't>>t Unnd A-». 57 (5 3! 56 75 3 7 4 3 43 3 1 3 7 23 «•l ! 1 3 34 3C '1 (5 75 4 2 32 3 1 7 7 33 j 3 3 1 57 53 * Table 12 Imports and exports of other rubber articles (SITC 628) Importations et exportations - Autres ouvrages caoutchouc IN THOUSAND U.S. DOLLARS - EN MILLIERS DE DOLLARS EU COUNIII|S-»»TS IMPOSTS - IMPORTATIONS | COUNTRIES-PAYS EKPOR1S - EKPORTATiONS 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1980 1981 1982 1983 198» Wwld MSAII (Condor 2203370 2299778 3030642 7126598 .3273141 Ecor.om.ci de MorchC 1852523 3137167 2016063 3053308 309803' .165993 .131616 • 5870 .5367 «Mo .176445 317361 .174605 Afrique • 3244 .4740 •7'38 Noreh Africa 66044 83130 83488 .78503 .63838 Afrique du No'd 449 633 436 .546 649 „ •„, .4131(3 •343987 .425883 .409432 .669031 Amérique. •163241 •538138 .318360 .557447 •372722 .337394 .88737 .111551 •130415 .21007 .33873 CACM M» 9544 •9473 .12927 •13535 MCAC 611 483 .1149 .2208 • 3568 1„ AM •316540 •337630 .338568 .373204 •350100 290391 344190 304629 .311274 .33922 -dd. Bo.t •106939 .129162 .115736 .113954 .107786 More" Or.ent .2076 .3333 .3094 .3017 E-rope 1JM8CC 1024292 1009736 1015292 1050579 Europe 1387650 1333666 1183210 1173539 M877C3 EEC (Ten] 733835 744928 773015 CEEI0..I 1126671 990090 943618 9390 1 246392 214371 307183 207165 311535 AELE 183996 164215 160291 160223 17051 Oc— .67538 76487 81831 •70678 •81816 O.éom. •5370 • 5627 .6622 •6308 • 56c- Germon- Fedecol Rep 363606 226694 328371 237475 346115 USA ElOtl-Uni» d'Amer 133375 501303 482688 520312 52716' USA/ltcm-Unil d Am«r 200364 226954 252169 356300 (jermony Fcderol Cep 378803 363384 367230 169763 146500 143514 japon Japon 202954 234931 207544 320343 UIKM4 Kingdom 104488 96073 106350 113096 120117 210171 199031 183796 181106 CM* 68'47 80348 73317 United Kmgdom 301137 163301 144753 138180 123979 Nerhcrrlondi Fort lai 93765 75032 71310 71513 71933 Hoir Italie 134769 117396 112253 123232 •1109 77436 62523 63208 75059 Ncfherlondi Pot» lai 63306 60241 N iMdm Strode 64338 55793 34201 54765 60909 Au.lr.o Autriche 46639 45079 43899 43255 5C387 • Awtmo'Awtne** 34187 46220 45987 49455 50397 Sw.tieriond Su'ttc 33851 44634 42245 42159 43643 Ul.ïlCO M|I«M t3493t •103706 •2806 34215 52542 Korea Republic 22950 36309 30223 33973 40432 .28292 Singapore Singapour 16070 24285 32884 20750 49113 43398 40239 38970 41373 Spam Eipogne 34705 21362 19039 16769 So Africa Cwctomi Un 45011 37036 .27084 .29521 Hong Kong 8312 20087 10357 Stngckporc SatcjcHvowr 30889 35935 37876 33347 Denmort Danemark 33086 27933 7145 8766 10328 Spom'Cipegn* 40700 35316 36460 35275 38321 6034 11J41 13800 15213 47078 38659 36313 30448 33317 TrH»kvtd'TKa4onoe 11322 14905 10291 12703 • 6309 Aiaf/fta/Ala«-* 36313 33088 28058 28081 .19936 Motor". Motowe 10661 9313 12421 .15322 •14452 YinootJo». 33966 29847 31987 26823 27404 *•* tV'O MttHtJ: 15696 13703 11903 10727 12166 37381 27661 28669 30330 31379 11251 11920 9393 •lOO'O Fecicend/Fevctnale 33840 26732 26876 25733 trric• o!•* Me.iqu! e .9157 .8924 .12453 l'nll l'ni 26433 25781 26758 32983 indio Inde 10080 •13894 • 5362 •5801 Korea RepvbiK 16313 19885 22949 31267 26664 Norway Norvège 7406 7022 6553 6813 Indânf/IM'Indonlu* 16901 18043 38809 .39829 Ireland Irlande 3331 4037 5668 9133 NocwCrf/Noriiege 30036 25708 23276 20983 20555 Fmlond'Finlande 6338 4603 5480 5973 •13634 .28239 •24631 .17002 .11137 >-oe ivrael 4131 4326 5650 4435 34269 25909 •16880 •11014 .11293 New Zealand 3565 3037 3067 3768 2569 Irefemd'lrtbnde 30372 18636 18546 13870 15726 So Africa Cuttomt Un 4639 3590 2372 • 3338 • 188C ThaOond TKoAantf* 13987 16386 14879 18981 18839 Aulrrobo/AwitroUe 3716 3543 3459 3930 306 11673 '1981 .16190 •21883 .16737 Greece Grèce 1903 13828 13393 1308c 20537 20912 169 2269 1761 25'• MatarMl'MdAfM 14149 14163 15932 •16278 •13741 Ponamo 26 934 1236 Mdpti 15027 12807 13358 16287 •8515 Poki.ion 1633 1122 63" Pocevgol 13274 15060 Coiomb Grooci--Gr+CC 13754 •33'S 12239 '.1483 12192 fTiiT,pp-..i • 01 326 507 1331 .355 11928 13198 12876 11193 14031 Soud Arcrbto 368 401 261 • 384 • 75 11670 12272 1>S87 10431 Un.led Arab Emrrpie» • 119 .397 .342 «514 .343 8840 •132(9 • 3843 Twniua ' Twntwe 404 495 368 373 738 10249 9614 10574 11388 •1339 Ntgenci 'Nigeria •60 .976 .98 •96 Cc~o- c*o CotomcM 9096 9581 H538 10007 8087 Kuwait Kowerl 311 443 537 • 116 .59 8250 13317 • 5002 .11637 .13720 Gootemoio 261 95 .508 • 376 .27! United AroD Emtrttrei 3904 7943 7680 Lebanon Libon • 368 • 166 •336 .185 Turipy/Twrovi* 10940 11339 5274 5015 14073 Bahrain Bahrein 263 236 .310 .38 fror.gtod«tr> 5110 6301 7930 7193 11334 Per» Pérou 51 79 337 • 338 .175 (VALUE AS % OF TOTAL MARKET ECONOMY)(VALEUR EN % DU TOTAL DES ECONOMIES DE MARCHE) 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1904 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 119 100 96 6 6 •8 0 •6 6 • 7 8 .5 4 04 03 0.3 03 0.4 .04 .0.3 •0 1 .03 North Afnca 33 48 39 29 30 4 1 .37 «2.6 Afrique du Nord 00 00 00 00 00 0.0 0.0 00 .0.0 00 16 4 137 31 3 20 3 • 196 • 21 0 •23 5 .294 Amérique. 15 1 14.6 14 0 33 4 31 0 «6.6 «333 .357 .27 2 .37 3 63 33 36 33 •6 7 .3 3 .3 3 0.6 06 0.7 0.6 06 «1.1 .10 .0 9 .1 i CACM 0.6 06 06 0.3 04 •0.3 .06 .06 MCAC 00 0.0 0.0 0.0 00 0.0 00 «0 1 «0.1 .0 2 At* 13.6 15 3 .130 • 3 0 • 143 • 167 «17.7 .134 A.» 160 156 149 136 130 157 16 1 15 1 .153 .157 .5 4 Mtddie Ea.t ••' J.t .4 9 .4 1 .4 9 •17 •4 7 Moyen Ontnl 0 1 0 1 01 0 1 .0 1 •0.1 .0 1 .0 2 .0 1 .0 1 E-rop. 33 0 55 6 32 7 349 34 9 497 477 462 Et-rapa 67 6 68 8 70 5 633 65 3 74 9 58.0 58 7 57 2 56 6 EEC(Ten) 384 40 0 36 6 404 403 36 1 330 34 0 CEE (D.„) 603 57 3 59 3 33 6 53 9 608 46 5 45 8 44! EFTA 133 116 103 10.7 11.3 10 2 9.7 9.3 AELE 3.0 9 1 67 (4 87 99 77 80 78 8 1 Oceoma 39 34 • 3 3 •3.3 .3 1 40 • 3 3 •3 6 O-éar,,.. 06 04 03 0.3 03 .0 3 • 0 3 .0.3 .0 3 .0 3 Q*rtnony f+6f0* lt-t» 103 11 7 11 4 13.1 12 1 II 2 11 3 10 6 USA'EfaM-Un.d Am»f 136 13.7 12 6 31 4 30 0 73 33 6 23 9 35 3 25 ' USA/flflf^-U~trfAm»w 36 39 101 85 11 2 137 G «H Tony federal Ht p 23.3 33.0 33 6 30 7 33 6 17.3 IBS 178 175 73 73 72 74 77 72 67 62 Japon Japon 13.1 13 1 113 10 3 9 3 110 Il 0 10.3 105 Ur-'eO1 t,mg6am 5.0 50 34 34 52 3.3 53 109 96 10 1 86 11 3 94 92 6.8 83 55 53 36 37 3 1 36 43 47 Uni led Kirvgdom 110 9 1 95 88 9 1 77 72 67 59 N****•»*: POT» lot 47 43 42 35 34 32 Itoty/liolw 36 5.7 63 38 67 55 36 60 65 37 3 3 3 1 36 43 3 1 3 1 33 N«th«fto 24. As far as developed countries are concerned, the separate identification of tropical wood products under headings covering veneers and plywood is more significant than that under headings covering logs and sawn wood: the former is generally dutiable but the latter is generally free of duty. 25. Under the SITC, wood and wood products are often separated between "of coniferous wood" and "of non-coniferous wood" for statistical purposes. Most tropical wood falls within the category of "non-coniferous wood". (b) Use of tropical wood 26. Tropical wood often has a pleasant appearance. This aesthetic value is often combined with physical qualities such as easy processing, good resistance and durability. Therefore, tropical wood of relatively high value is used for decoration (particularly in the form of veneers), for furniture, for windows, doors and frames, for ceilings, walls, parquet floors and stairways, for fine carpentry, for boats and light vessels, for sports articles and industrial implements and for lathing, carving, decorative objects and precision instruments. Tropical wood, often of medium value, that can be peeled is used for plywood and matches. Medium value tropical wood is also used as packaging and a large number of diversified goods (e.g. farming implements, rustic garden furniture and household equipment). Source: Pilot study of Markets of High Value Tropical Timber Products in Italy, prepared for the International Tropical Timber Organization by FAO, Yokohama, 25 August 1987. MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 23 27. A detailed analysis of problems of international trade in forestry products is available in GATT document MDF/W/52, dated 15 August 1986. For example, developing countries' forest resource situation is examined on pages 60-64 of the document. B. The commercial policy situation (a) Tariffs 28. Tables 13-16 show the tariff rates (MFN and GSP) of eleven developed country markets with respect to (i) tropical wood in the rough and sawn, (ii) veneer, plywood, etc., (iii) wood articles and (iv) wood furniture. An overview of the tariff situation 29. In developed countries tropical wood is generally imported free of duty as raw material. With regard to wood products, MFN duties of industrialized countries have been significantly reduced as a result of past multilateral trade negotiations. Most products in CCCN Chapters 44 and 94 (with the exception of certain sensitive items) enjoyed the 50 per cent tariff reduction in the 1964-67 Kennedy Round and the tariff reduction according to a harmonization formula in the 1973-79 Tokyo Round. Further, the GSP introduced by developed countries in the 1970's has covered industrial products extensively, including most wood products, and has eliminated or reduced duties applicable to developing countries in this sector to a large extent. 30. Nordic countries (Finland, Norway and Sweden) and Switzerland now provide developing countries MFN duty-free treatment or unlimited GSP duty-free treatment for all items in CCCN/HS Chapters 44 and 94. Table 13 MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Tropical Wood in the Rough and Sawn Page 24 United States 0%B (.ill items) H.S. Harmonized New Aust Code commodity Canada Japan EEC tria ralia land No. description (CCCN) 4403 Wood in the rough, whether (4403) or not stripped of bark or (4404) sapwood, or roughly squared: 4403.10 -treated with paint, MFN 02B 0ZP1 0XB, 0ZB, 0ZB 0XP stains, creosote or 2.5XB 3XB other preservatives CSP OX I.5Z 4403.31 -other,of the following MFN 0XB 0XP 0XB 0ZB 0XB 0XB j tropical woods: —dark rend meranti, light red meranti and meranti bakau ! 4403.32 —white lauan,white MFN 0XB 0XP 0XB 0XB 0XB 0XB meranti,white seraya, yellow meranti and > alan 4403.33 —keruing.ramin.kapur, MFN 0XB 0XP 0XB 0XB 0XB 0XB teak, jongkong.merbau, jelutong and kempas 4403.34 —okoumé,obeche,sapelli, MFN 0XB 0XB 0XB 0XB 0XB 0XB sipo,acajou d'Afrique, : makoré and iroko 4403.35 — tiaraa,mansonia,ilomba,MFN 0XB 0XB 0XB 0XB 0XB 0XB dibetou.limba and Azobé 4403.99 -other MFN 0XB 0XP1 0XB 0XB 0XB 0XB 4407 Wood sawn or chipped 1 (44.05) lengthwise.sliced or (44.13) peeled,whether or not (44.28) planed,sanded or finger- ' jointed,of a thickness exceeding 6 mm: i -of the following : tropical woods: 4407.21 —dark red meranti,light MFN 0XB 0%P, 0XB, 0XB 0XB 0XB, red meranti,meranti 10XU 4%B- teak, lOZUI ! bakau,white lauan, 4.9XB 5XU. 30XU white meranti,white 15XU seraya,yellow meranti, alan,keruing,ramin,kapur, teak,jongkong.raerbau, GSP (5X)2* - • OX ox< jelutong and kempas 10XJ 20X 4407.22 —okoumé,obeche,sapelli, MFN 0%B 0%U as 0XB OXB,4 as sipo,acajou d'Afrique, above 5XU. above 1 makoré,iroko,tiama, 15XU mansonia,ilomba,dibétou,GSP - 0%. as limba and azobé 10X3 above 4407.23 —baboen.mahogany MFN 0XB oxu as 0%B as as {Swietania spp), above above above | imbuia and balsa GSP - as as above above 4407.99 -other(not including MFN 0%B„ 0XP,1 as 0XB. 0XBJ 0ZB, coniferous) 6.8% 10XU above 5XB3 5XB, —other 10ZU.* 30XU, S 2 3 GSP 0% (5Z) - 2.5X ox,7 20X 12 3 4 Except for Kiri; Of Lauan, kruing, mersawa and other dipterscar paceae family; Planed or sanded; Acajou d'Afrique; Ebony; Exceeding 6 mm thick, planed; Exceeding 6 mm thick, sanded or finger-joined; Treated. MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Table 14 Page 25 Veneer, Plywood, etc. H.S. Harmonized United New Aust Code commodity States Canada Japan EEC tria ralia No. description (TSUS) land (CCCN) 4408 Veneer sheets and sheets for (44.05) plywood (whether or not spliced) (44.13) and other wood sawn lengthwise, (44.14) sliced or peeled, whether or (44.28) not planed,sanded or finger- jointed, of a thickness not exceeding 6 mm: 4408.20 -of the following tropical woods: (TSUS dark red meranti,light red OZB 0%B 15ZU 4ZB, 12ZB 30ZB MFN 4* OZB, 24010 meranti.white lauan,sipo,limba, 5%A, 4.9ZB, 5%U 10ZU, 17 okoumé.obeche,acajou d'Afrique, 157.B 6ZB 25.5ZU 19 sapelli,baboen,mahogany 23 (Swietenla spp) ,palissandre GSP| (0Z) 07, 67. 0% 0%, 25) du Brésil and bois de rose <2.5Zr 10% femelle 4408.90 -other (not including conferous) MFNj OZB OZB OZB, OZB, 12ZB 30ZB OZB, 8ZB, 4ZB, 5ZU 10ZU, 15ZP* 4.9ZB, 25.5ZU l 5ZA 6ZB GSP|" TOT) 6Z G;; 0Z (2.5Z)* 10Z 4409 Wood (including strips and MFN OZB, 0ZF OZP, 3ZB, 7ZB, 15ZU OZB, (44.09) friezes for parquet flooring, 4.5ZB, 2.5ZB, 4ZB 10ZU (44.13) not assembled) continuously 7.6ZB 7.5ZB, 20ZU (44.19) shaped (tongued,grooved,rebated, 10ZU (44.28) chamfered,V-jointed,beaded, moulded,rounded or the like) GSP OZ , (0Z) OZ 3.5Z 10% 0Z, along any of its edges or faces, - 2 10Z whether or not planed,sanded or (sanded.grooved) finger-jointed : 4409.20 -non-coniferous 4410 Particle board and similar "MFN 4ZB 4-9.2ZB ÏTZÎS^ I 10ZB 13ZB 20ZU 20Z, (44.18) board of wood or other 8ZA ; (44.19) ligneous magerials,whether or 10ZB not agglomerated with resins GSP 0Z 2.5-6Z (0Z) 0Z "673T 15Z 10Z, or other organic binding substances 4410.10 -of wood 4412 Plywood,veneered panels and (4415) similar laminated wood: (4419) -plywood consisting solely of sheets of wood, each ply not (» exceeding 6 mm thickness: 4412.11 —with at least one outer ply MFN 8%B, 8ZB, 15ZB4 10ZB 18ZB 25ZU 30ZU of the following tropical 8/ 9.2ZB 12.5ZA ; woods:dark red meranti,light 20%B* red meranti,white lauan, sipo 17.5ZA ; limba.okoumé,obeche.acajou 17%B* d'Afrique, same Hi ,baboen , 13.5ZA mahogany (Swietenla spp), Palissandre du Brésil or GSP -, 5?., (0Z) 9Z 20Z 25Z bois de rose famelle 8/ 6% 4412.12 —other,with at least one MFN 8ZB 8ZB, 15ZB 12-SZA^ 10ZB 18ZB 25ZU 30ZU outer ply of non- (24017) 9.2ZB 17ZB 13.5ZAA coniferous wood (24023) 20ZB 17.5ZA (24025), 8/ GSP (OZ) 9Z 20Z 25Z 3/ 67 TSUS 20266; TSUS 20095; Except flooring of oak; Sheets for plywood; Of lauan, kruing, mersawa and other dipterocar paceae family; 6 , , , 7 8 , Of laminated lumber; Veneer sheets and sheets for plywood; Tongued, grooved or rabbetted - 2.9^/Kg.+2.3ZB, GSP 0Z. MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Table 15 Page 26 Wood Articles H.S. Harmonized United Aust commodity Canada Japan EEC Zea Code States tria ralia No. description land (CCCN) 4414.00 Wooden frames for paintings,photographs, MFN 6%B 9.2ZB 6.5ZBt 5.1ZB 7ZB 15ZU 20ZU (4420) mirrors or similar objects 5.2ZA GSP 0% 6% (0Z) OZ 3.5Z 10Z 10Z 4418 Builders' joinery and carpentry of wood, including cellular wood panels, assembled parquet panels, shingles and shakes: 4418.20 -doors MFN 7.5%B 11.3ZB 0ZB 6ZB 13ZB I5ZU 25ZU (4423) GSP OZ OZ (0Z) 6.5Z 10Z 10Z 4418.30 -parquet panels MFN 3.2%B 5.5ZB 3.9ZB 6%B 10ZB 15ZU 25ZU (4423) GSP OZ OZ (0Z) (0Z) 5Z 10Z 10% 4418.50 -shingles and shakes MFN 0ZB 0ZB 5.8ZB 4.9ZB 6ZB 15ZU 0%P (4428) GSP (0Z) OZ 3Z 10% * 4418.90 -other (TSUS MFN 0ZB, 4ZB, 0%B, 6ZB 9ZB 15ZU 20ZU (4416) 20330, 20700, 24560) 5.1ZB 9.2ZB 3.9ZB (4423) 10ZB r — — *8 GSPi o% 2.5Z, ex(0Z) ° (0Z) 4.5Z 10% , 10Z 6Z 1 i 4419.00 Tableware and kitchenware, of wood MFNI 5.1ZB- 9.2ZB 7ZB 3ZB 6ZB 15%U ' 25.5ZU (4424; 8.5ZB' 5.6ZA, ] 30ZU : (4427) 5.3ZA 4ZB (4428) 3.2ZA j * 1 GSP| 0% 6Z (0Z) (0Z) 3% 10Z 15% 1 20% 4420 Wood marquetry and inlaid wood; caskets 1 and cases for jewellery or cutlery, and ! similar articles, of wood; statuettes and other ornaments, of wood; wooden articles 1 i ! of furnicure not falling in Chapter 94. 4420.10 -Statuettes and other ornaments, of MFN 5.1ZB 9.2ZB 4ZB 1 6ZB 7ZB 15ZU ' 0%U, (4427) wood 3.2ZA 25.5ZU 1 * 1 GSP 0% 6% (0Z) OZ 3.5% 10Z 15% t> 4420.90 -other MFN 3%B, 11.2ZB 4%B «»./ 10%B 15%U 20%U, 1(4415) 6.7%B, 3.2ZA, • 10ZB 25.5ZU; (4427) 2.2)!/kg 20ZU +2.9ZB, 5.1ZB GSP 0% 7% (0Z) 0% 5% 10Z 10Z, i if not 15Z lined with textile fabric i 4421.10 Other articles of wood H (4428) -clothes hangers MFN 5.1ZB 9.2ZB 5.8%B 4.9%B 7%B 15ZU 30ZU! j—— GSP 0% 6": (0%) 0% 3.5Z 10Z 20% 4421.90 -other MFN 0-8ZB, 0-15ZB 5.7X8^ 2.5ZB 6%B 15ZP 0%P, (4424) 16 2/3ZB, 4.6ZA , 4.4%B, 10%U, (4426) 5.8ZB 4.6%B, 30ZU ioi/ 2 (4428) gross B I0ZB 4.9%B, 7.5ZB ("ISP ex0% 0-10% (0Z) 0% VI 10% ox 20% 1 2 3 .TSUS 20665 certain wood blinds;- 79005 clothespins, spring type; Cellular wood panel; Wood marquetry and inlaid wood; Kushi, of bamboo; Match splints 40%B not applied; spring rollers for blinds - 15%B; other - unbound; Forks and spoons; GSP does not cover "tategu" (window sash and the like) and "tokobashira". MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Table 16 Page 27 Wooden Furniture Harmonized New U.S. United Aus Aust commodity Canada Japan EEC Zea Code States tria ral ia No. description land (CCCN) 9401 Seats and parts thereof: MFN 3.47B, 15%B 4.8%B 5.6ZB 27%B 30%U 34XU, (9401) 5.3%B, 3%A, -other seats«with wooden frames 2.57.B 5.4%B, 4. 3%A 9401.61 -upholstered GSP 07 107. (0%) 0% 13.5% 2 57 22.5% 9401.69 MFN 6.6XB, 6%B 4.8%B 5.6%B 27ZB 30ZU 34%U 3.4%B, 15%B 3.8%A 5.3%B, 2.57B GSP | 0% (0%) 0% 13.5% 257 22.5% 10% 9401.90 -parts (of wood) MFN 6.67.B 15%B 4.8%B 5.6%B 77.B 257.U, 40%U ' 5.3%B 3.8%A 307.U GSP 07 107 (0%) 0% I 3.5% 20%, ' 22.5% 257 9403 Other furniture and parts (9403) thereof: 9403.30 -wooden furniture of a kind MFN 6.6%B, 15%B, 4.8%B 5.6%B 27ZB 30%U 34%U used in offices 2.57.B 16.1%B 3.8%A GSP 07 10%, (0%) (0%) 13.5% 257 22.5% 10.5% 9403.40 -wooden furniture of a kind MFN 6.6%B, 15%B 4.8%B 5.6%B , 27%B 30ZU 34%U used in the kitchen 2.5%B 3.8%A GSP 07 107 (0%) (0%) j 13.5Z 257 22.5% -wooden furniture of a kind MFN 6.6%B, 15%B, 4.8%B 5.6%B 9403.50 27ZB 1 30ZU 34%U used in the bedroom 2.5%B 15.3%B 3.8%A 4 j GSP OZ 10% (0%) (0Z) 1 13.5Z 25Z 22.5% I 9403.60 -other wooden furniture MFN 6.6%B, 15%B 4ZB^ 5.6ZB | 27ZB 30%U 34ZU 2.5%B 3.2%A , i 4.8%B 3.8%A GSP 07 07 (0Z) (0Z) 13.5Z 257 22.5Z 9403.90 -parts (of wood) MFN 5.3ZB, 15ZB 4.8ZB 5.6ZB 23ZB 30ZU 34%U (TSUS) 3.8ZA (72715) (72740) GSP 0% I OX (0Z) (0Z) 11.5Z 2 57 22.5Z For vehicles "Covered with leather Shelved furniture (excluding cupboards and bookcases) designed to be hung, to be fixed to the wall or to stand one on the other Church pews MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 28 31. The United States also grants such treatment with some exceptions (plywood, not tongued, grooved or rabbetted; certain miscellaneous wood articles). Canadian imports of logs, sawn wood and veneer sheets are granted MFN duty-free treatment. Most other wood products are subject to MFN duties of 4-15 per cent. The Canadian GSP scheme covers all of these wood products at the rates of 0-10.5 per cent. 32. With respect to all items in Chapters 44 and 94 Japan provides developing countries MFN or GSP duty-free treatment, with the exception that plywood and window sash are dutiable on an MFN basis and that GSP rates on certain sawn tropical woods (lauan, etc.,) and sheets for plywood are positive at one-half of corresponding MFN rates. Japan's GSP on wood products are subject to different types of ceiling limitations and maximum country amounts as indicated in Table 17. 33. The EEC also provides developing countries MFN or GSP duty-free treatment except for planed or sanded sawn tropical wood. However, GSP imports of 4 sensitive items are subject to quota/ceiling limitations (see Table 18 for details) Romania is excluded from the application of GSP on certain wood items. 34. In Austria rough and sawn wood except planed or sanded sawn wood has been granted MFN or GSP duty-free treatment. Wood products are subject to MFN duties of 6-18 per cent and wood furniture, MFN duties of 7-27 per cent. All wood products have been covered by GSP at one-half of corresponding MFN rates. 35. In Australia rough and sawn wood (except planed or sanded sawn wood) as well as veneer sheets have been granted MFN or GSP duty-free treatment. MFN duties on other wood products range between 15 per cent and 30 per cent (mostly unbound). The Australian GSP scheme covers all of these wood products. GSP rates of Australia are uniformly 5 percentage points less than corresponding MFN rates. If MFN rates are reduced, GSP rates will be automatically reduced. MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 29 Table 17 Japan's quantitative limitations for GSP application (FY 1987) M » Monthly control D » Daily control. Flexible administration • imports under GSP are allowed to continue after quantitative limitations have been reached unless a particular decision is taken to discontinue GSP application. Flexible Flexible Ceiling Tariff Nos. Control CSP admin. admin, of quotas by (CCCN)/ of Cat. of maximum country value description ceilings ceilings amounts (1,000 yen) 47 44.03-2 M 0 1,109,989 Of Kiri (genus Paulownia) (non tropical) 48 44.04-2, 44.05-2 M 1,901,206 and 44.13-2 49 44.05-4 M 0 5,244,748 Of Lauan, Kruing, Mersawa and other Dipterocar paceae family (GSP= 1/2 of MFN) 50 44.09-2 D 4,017 Drawn of bamboo 44.28-5-(2) Skewers of bamboo 51 44.14-2 Sheets for M 0 978,499 plywood (GSP- 1/2 of MFN) 52 44.14 (other than M 0 0 1,253,478 44.14-2) 53 44.15 M 0 624,092 54 44.11 and 44.18 M 0 0 591,339 55 ex 44.23 Transom M 0 5,755,764 56 44.24 Waribashi D 1,222,760 (disposable wooden chopsticks) 57 Goods in Chapter 44 M 0 20,078,038 not referred to above 140 Chapter 94 other M 25,646,465 than 94.01-3 and 94.03-3 (other than of base metal or No.94.04-1). Table 18 EEC's GSP treatment on sensitive wood items Community tariff quotas Ceilings hrj •x m H CTQ 23 CCT a> heading Individual ceil O Initial share of OJ *7. No Description Individual ing for countries and Beneficiary Amount of quota amounts Amount of o o countries or quota or territories NIMEXE amount first tranche allocated lo reserve other than those 23 code territories (ECU) (a) (ECU)(a) Member Slates (ECU) (a) under column 4 co (ECU) (a) (ECU) (a) ON 44.11 (•) Fibre building board of wood or other ve Brazil 4 000 000 3 200 000 BNL 320 000 800 000 6 000 000 exHS 4411 getable material, whether or not bonded DK 147 200 with natural or artificial resins or with other I) 777 600 organic binders GR 60 800 E 188 800 F 569 600 IRL 28 800 I 480 000 I' 48 000 UK 579 200 44I5(*) Plywood, blockboard, laminboard, batten- Brazil 86 000 m' 84 750 m< BNL 3 730 m' 250 m' 86 000 mi board and similar laminated wood products Indonesia DK 5 000 mJ (including veneered panels and sheets); in Malaysia I) 6 520 m' laid wood and wood marquetry HS 4412 Philippines GR 160 m' Singapore E I 770 m' ex44'.0.90 South Korea I 250 m' IRL I 710m' I 730 ni' I' 130m' UK 64 750 m' 44.23 Builders' carpentry and joinery (including 9 500 000 HS 4418 prefabricated and sectional buildings and assembled parquet flooring panels) ex9406 94.03 (*) Other furniture and parts (hereof: 5 500 000 (94.03-21,23, 25,27,33,35, B. Other furniture than for 39,49,51,55, aircraft, seats and 57,61,63,65, medical furniture 66,67,69,71, 82,91,95,99) GSP on these items and CCCN ^418 (HSex4410) reconstituted wood are not applicable to Romania. MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 31 36. In New Zealand rough and sawn wood (except sanded or finger-joined sawn wood) have been granted MFN duty-free treatment. MFN duties on most wood products range between 10 per cent and 40 per cent (mostly unbound). The New Zealand GSP scheme covers all wood products at 0-25 per cent. (b) Non-tariff measures 37. Apart from quotas maintained by Denmark (EEC) on imports of wooden seats and wooden furniture from the Republic of Korea, only New Zealand maintains some non-tariff measures on products in this category. Recently liberalized products, i.e. exempt from licensing, include plywood, laminated wood, veneer sheets and sheets for plywood, shaped wood (excluding balsawood), wooden cases, wooden frames, and builders carpentry and joining (L/5640/Add.18/Supp.1). Remaining products are subject to automatic licensing (licence on demand) while fibreboard (CCCN ex 4419, HS4411) and wooden headings and mouldings (CCCN ex 4419, HS 4409),other articles of wood (CCCN ex 4428, HS ex 4421.90 etc.), and household utensils (CCCN ex 4424, HS ex 4419.00 and ex 4421.90) are allocated "basic" licenses which restrict volume. 38. The construction industry and the wood processing industry are the users of wood and wood products: domestic building techniques and regulations necessarily influence buying patterns. Technical standards for the use of wood products, which differ substantially from import market to import market, and phytosanitary measures to control insect pests may create obstacles to trade (cf. MDF/W/52, "Problems of International Trade in Forestry Products", 15 August 1986). C. Trade flows 39. Tables 19-24 show main importing and exporting countries and their imports and exports in 1980-1984 with respect to the following six categories of products: MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Table 19 Page 32 Imports and Exports of Rough and Roughl> Squared Wood (logs) SITC: 247 CCCN: 4403, 4404 HS: 4403 IN THOUSAND U.S. DOLLARS • EN MILLIERS DE DOLLARS E.U COUNTIES-PAYS IMP04TS -HWPOtlATIONS | COUN14IES-9AT5 j expoi's•{IPO*'* 0-.S 1980 1981 1982 1983 19841 I960 1981 1982 1983 198A»; World Moftll E<«WAT •357336 6439307 606C43I 3396079 5344061 1 .ono«*i d« Mme*. 4'06337 44673IC 437660!1 •1331161 .4731693 - i, , «aire 107916 110370 106354 .93907 .42343 .1115670 •601663 .•533 3 •410470 .363163 North Africa 6347» 90733 93430 •66073 •79215 Alnqtrt O* N». d .206 • 104 .3' • .41 .1345 .160700 .131391 •111545 •163636 .161656 •aaaotiai I7759SI •1333633 '496676 '41961] 1503344 IAIA 33740 •19516 .31766 74067 •13375 101134 •04634 103163 no» 1643 637 • 1415 .1090 «CAC 4905 2914 .6 7 • 923 6711193 4579633 4501090 383933. 1611403 AM 3943466 1934647 •962771 .1903342 .3051991 MiddVEaU •117141 .140161 .135360 •94691 .54446 Moyor. 0'«"' •2976 • 6259 23'SO .6213 17137 1^, 1144410 1594340 1116551 1199141 1164701 bra»» 71141] 605604 4(1611 413703 431338 EEC (I») 1601186 1164136 960014 903906 666034 CEE(On) 163221 2315.4 333333 243067 1FTA 331306 393079 349904 303016 193743 »ll( 126166 291956 97632 171639 163766 O— 13790 .3663 .3993 .3632 .3179 O.o~ •119716 .111123 ••30327 •123836 .131044 Jwl,,,flf,- 36O0230 3640366 3594393 3005936 3056364 Moor** MOfOrUt 1201010 1072122 1447667 .1414664 •1531604 660136 647699 611136 391436 US* Clalt-Un.i6i At»»*» 1129563 1293617 '194507 1301663 693390 455909 163564 366405 303001 •nd6)rl6)H4J Iddomt— 1351927 637633 127639 266066 .25336. Gormany rldinl lop 430644 364479 336676 343603 334337 i-o-r Coot' C6'« (•'• •640425 371397 212231 •96160 .370371 397903 117410 311440 193976 163610 154544 111171 69166 96772 110460 AotWta / A«n Illy— [.••..••. I17M5 71344 33004 31475 56449 Ot—»f f*4u*mi **p 106175 66355 72666 60761 64563 33937 33610 44637 30176 IM-WB i6f*«6VM •56709 •65665 .62072 •61162 G*ooCO/Groc« 77)60 36331 41750 31443 46063 41191 46790 66927 •7133) •95666 USA/Etar^UoridAroor 14045 15411 17674 42331 33365 Caaaa •60703 •62401 .53407 64934 40531 11443 11947 3179] AtrllT« Awtr M«ir«cC*/M*rtK 33560 10460 30339 • 14149 33440 S pluma. >ù> Swmf .33916 •39113 .31123 •2206. •34351 • txM./lOTél 33360 33737 32930 33100 13146 I ICO 25355 17536 Aiv^M/Alfèrw 19464 16337 3H03 33143 .19333 .1356 31079 14410 rwtw^/r«awttf« 39760 33610 33900 31610 37903 30436 19696 •1312 13664 16961 11396 30107 19433 16934 10677 37933 .5366 43606 36691 31116 19330 Urirtod Kvw/aam 13366 6190 16139 9700 7903 Bwfcwë/ttrf—. I~. •16615 •12212 • •All • 9616 •10(92 N»f«ty/NwTttt 13644 11919 6061 ICI06 Ivrkcj lorovnt 437 4307 2'7J4 3219 17133 Ir-M, .1969 .4706 .'9773 .4004 .13643 S>noopor* Smaaoow 3414 7463 167 ""' 6604 trwtfHkMcR» •>.) •16316 •16751 .4094 .5736 •3609 NorwOf Nwitft 17413 11614 1793 '313 6310 13163 6396 4030 10913 Control Atncan ..p 27407 .'0600 .3333 • 45O0 DQHWIHC»^ Iffvbk 6310 5171 6136 Nnhcrlendi «nl.i 13903 1476 3266 6575 •'«nJ/kÉti 6464 3933 6474 10357 4733 6663 4C 1 9411 6556 Sa. Atrxa Cvito-n. U" 13373 9796 5340 .309 .2321 • 4606 .73] .7340 •10330 MMW/M«(N 1900 740 • 6379 • 4213 SOOM I !..JÇ-. 6937 5264 4546 3431 6363 6031 4363 1963 3302 11371 •12164 .71] .574 .331 OMdArakEMM 3304 4311 5367 .1303 • 1560 .3737 .323' .3.39 .3916 .3037 •6153 .10193 | .361 .347] Sa Afr«6 Cx»M«n u- 5166 2926 • 2611 .963 / 1tmM«' lkt-«MC 4636 4164 39'C 3356 550C »o"«aal 3-" 4633 2863 2273 3463 P _-_ .3196 4601 1304 319} 3906 - _, 235 .6067 .•297 • 1345 4736 3066 3916 1096 2334 4963 2636 .3'3I 166 M«i<«/M«a^u* .9160 .4313 • 1351 .67' Own G»—«• .547 .2791 .3533 .1017 PaVfWM» 1004 1160 1111 441 .369 .4661 2519 .2167 .3117 .1144 S*"*^ ' C'"'*'*^'** •* w#*it .304 •1771 .3973 .145 .113 Aw.H till' * vfoW 1313 1466 7163 3331 Inoo/Mt 1456 5353 • 549 .661 .106 3756 1690 633 1993 1613 4633 3760 • 443 3131 1914 Meiinottt* •3311 •1126 .373 .646 kr~~d/lilona. 3736 1366 1491 1313 1)7 Frorrrh Gviana 6163 2554 '617 339 11 4100 3716 .3167 • 1140 1363 1059 lofaoôor.'ia>jr. .1943 .144, • 13 .1667 .3914 Ifcolond TKwtCKWjr .34 1471 12? 333 611 (VALUE AS % OF TOTAL MARKET ECONOMY)) V ALE JR EN % DU TOTAL DES ECONOMIES DE MARCHE) 197 J 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 197 J 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 09 09 11 10 0.7 16 1.6 .17 • 16 115 144 111 99 .167 .114 .'09 ,100 • 11 9 North Africa 07 07 04 08 05 09 1.4 '. 5 • 1.6 .1 5 Alrtqve dv Nord 0.0 0.0 00 00 .0 0 •CO .00 .0 0 •00 •0 0 • „.„! 31 3.1 1.1 1.1 1 6 .17 •31 •33 •11 .1 1 • rt 13.4 19 0 36 0 110 103 265 .27 5 12 7 111 lie 0.4 03 04 04 01 .0.4 OJ •01 •0.1 0.1 0 1 0-3 01 07 .01 14 14 33 CACM 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.C 00 00 CO •0 0 •0 0 MCAC 0 1 01 0.1 0.1 C • 0.1 0 1 .0 0 .0 0 •0 0 Ada 703 71.1 70.3 73.4 76 1 73 0 71 1 742 71.5 710 AM 600 44 6 44 6 411 49 3 43 4 411 41] .419 • 43 5 MtftofaEotl 1.6 3 1 2 1 .19 .'. 1 .1 3 •33 •3 6 .'..( .' 0 «OfO* 0"r" 0 1 0 I 00 • 00 «;: •CO •C 1 05 .0 1 04 I-op. 26.0 234 263 34 4 19.4 35.1 146 117 13 6 111 E.TOP. 111 10 4 119 11] 49 106 11.5 106 100 96 EEC lira) 103 197 14.7 194 13 5 19 3 16 4 163 17 1 169 CEE(Oui 7.0 36 60 4.1 41 31 43 53 34 E7TA 1J 17 4.1 11 3) 13 44 4 ' 19 17 AELE 52 39 IB 44 33 • 9 63 .3 40 39 o,~~. 0 1 0.1 01 • CO • CO .0 0 .0 0 •0.0 OttorW !• '1 1 3 • 16 ••' .2 ' .3. .2 6 .2 1 • 3 3 j,,,,.,, .j.M„„ 597 597 37 4 17.9 64 9 39 6 565 39 3 367 51.1 M0407WO MCIWM 11.5 17 1 163 17] 10 9 .7 9 114 3) 6 •11.1 .32 2 4 1 91 107 10 1 93 10 • 10 1 11 7 USA rftat.-UOMtf'ANMr' 10 4 Î7 ' 36 2 29 2 313 24 1 232 78 3 17 6 35 5 5 9 40 41 60 53 70 7 1 60 54 36 twdorima Iroor-rv» 19.1 31 3 23 7 21 6 24 3 23 2 72 • 54 G.IHW.III roaoral !*a 44 46 4.4 55 40 43 31 4.1 Iror, C001I C6U d '. 47 7.1 36 30 .9 3 60 15 .3 7 44 47 41 3 6 3.3 4] 10 15 37 13 27 13 2 4 22 21 23 3 2 33 Av*»wj/A«r»«rrt 1.0 10 10 09 1 7 1.7 16 13 33 3 6 31 20 .3 ! 2 1 2 • 33 •11 Spow/E 1919m 11 3 1 10 1.4 1 ] • 3 1 0 1 3 10 10 09 1 0 1.2 10 19 04 13 13 1.1 06 08 16 .0] •0 3 Imlend iHûond. 1.4 1.3 1.1 10 1 1 25 1.3 15 14 10 06 04 08 07 09 1.0 1.5 30 00 0 1 03 07 06 06 23 14 3 1 •Vh--. 0.7 06 1 03 0] C7 07 08 49 40 13 13 23 17 ' ""•"""" ' ' ' •10 x • estimates Source of Tables 19-24: UN 1984 International Trade Statistics Yearbook - Volume These Tables do not include East Europe, China and Taiwan Province (China) Table 20 MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 33 Imports and Exports of Sawn Wood SITC: 248 CCCN: 4405, 4407, 4413 HS: 4406-4408, 4409.20 IN THOUSAND U.S. DOLLARS EN MILLIERS DE DOLLARS E.U COUNTIKS-PAYS IMPOCIS - IMPOKTAHONS | CCuMt'lS-PATj | fIPOIlS-fXPOIlAlrO*4$ 1980 1981 1982 1983! 1984 19801 1981 1982 1983 1984 World A»erl,t E'ooomy 14734618 11217096 10109878 11233^47 1 3(94778 1103' 128 1 (975950 (031443 9234710 (""° *•••• .9560194 .5989.' .549678 •220847 743439 «0.035 7263 8 *'•«.. .74017 .134499 .153779 .170397 .5397(9 .541748 AI e.,o. -.»., N9-™ •••«4 673538 696066 627018 .707! .439 • 104 • 55 63 A-..*.,, «3933301 .3774 196 .23334(6 •33763(61 .3400976 4431947, 3909933 .3303638 .4544553 .447 4401 >25S«Ï3 .310933 .144165 .89099 1 •54438 447995, 3733(4 •214(44 .240093 .. 197 c*c» 75» 1477 1022 .(II, MCAC 30977 1 37743 441(9 34175 •33744 .60.789 Aw 1 •3348764 .1733301 .1(31705 ><(0'37 . 13797(3 '333749 181400 .1161414 .1335479 .10H75 •6373(3 .495779 Mo.f 2.- m od< to.' •602313 •56.188 • 30736 1 •23697 33046 .33373 .14475 3^1 "6944 7966116 3653410 49(6949 32S53C3 5. OP. 474307- 1 3346971 3137776 3119418 3334087 HCIie'l 70371A7 4913142 Clt.C. 571596 372965 545119 3(464-) Atll |tl* 361037 435040 393532 39407 5 3713(47 1 7713041 214314 1 7341141 3315406 .373391 C:.o-. O...-- .343007 .350147 .217221 • 703226 ! 04458 90395 77933 .74175 •83110 :t«47 3 Co-oec JSA êi«»i-y-«» dTA»*». 330.000 3102973 '7(9407 2(07740 2(9(404 7554012 2410578 3137517 3.10716 u-.'.d •modem 1535173 1134175 <3(073< •i 5084 10(5797 111735. IreN H4W 1463775 (7(3(9 77(491 B367O0 US. f-e.. -u-.. e *-•' 1040346{ (19003 911144 CtnM"T •••V»' •*» 94315. 917C34 7936'9 • 330434 , 915750 (54(00 704054 719331 1379333 714194 9203(6 (41448 802463 MOIOU-O MO.O.1.4 «17638 4*4434 49(100 «644922 •519754 44(794 ... '.O AvmrtfN 190.85 593639 313020 373/ (6413.: 634017 417244 500544 443371 N,merler.dl Par» Id* 719331 332271 460953 30034- 741337 221878 703539 6»!g ,rr^l««,m*rourç 436998 319030 273(55 769629 23I74( S-noope.. S^ocpo.. 265697 190753 147274 173115 13944! 0 .163.:. 21147-, tgypi «Br * 309233 2713(2 .310336 6'C|I I.e..! 310403 139(15 144071 Soud. A.eb.e 367115 327(06 207038 • 301638 .22'465 G.'~o*v feoe-ol top 210953 176512 119(76 143171 11413: Ce-ede 250015 252538 155767 24(292 243492 -I5MI4 .dO.»*>. 753202 216769 371475 35093 •282502 *ji"ei-o Aw.t.oW 315692 332636 1(6530 17403! 343945 2225U 171314 112397 147147 140414 167583 217367 .175(49 181266 135744 171740 149017 .153311 Spo- f»poc«* 301031 20369( 1(1399 179304 12'763 (3453 71442 44905 74168 Dvnmort ftrjW—rWl 2PC766 1(1462 709463 84677 73354 64103 76739 10439 Smgepe'. Sm«ep©o< 1350(5 1797Î4 '370(2 4(340 44215 49147 71364 S» Él«-*0"-d SuMbf 159507 140513 '9702 l»o*v Ceci* C4Nd'N •107034 43379 63599 41995 Ne'wOr Nom>«0« 120281 113300 10433'' 00087 N»» 2.0'e-o 48673 43972 54062 54414 67430 134017 10543C '05914 .49770 •60761 •40537 .31417 ,«-; l.ro-d. 113731 103442 74974 700<6 6(7(7 •"•—•» *"»•«»• 87746 47907 44749 S3974 54699 c*. 18263 ((303 86321 7776' .502.5 (.- • C-'. 134233 (9379 .1(613 •30767 .17337 .(3525 .39037 •60754 .577-6 .43383 40773 14313 36685 40615 3.225 Ike-tO"* lAeAo.d. 63976 59036 6133( 613)1 70048 34104 47793 34642 79917 39113 64(83 66910 63637 67539 4(913 31(15 19339 73167 A'O.-'m-o Areentrm» 1.310. (9340 31715 4((3C .8(96 «oroguo» 44092 343(1 .79193 19000 l..r_dode«d leeooo •33231 633 .47054 .««68 ..1.5 •3109 LiarO- A'Ob AemeHmrnd 73796 73353 54(75 ...«IS .38396 Jopo* Jape" 37302 77405 71359 33715 4361. 54995 55333 5707! 30143 5 00-- fveoo". 26078 2I9K 745U 71533 3109! So Atnco Cl'omi U" 77637 66102 54344 •79S10 •76234 33433 17441 74304 2631. Un'od Arab [ArtHI 97967 63(35 45515 •40(42 .13091 G-o-o 21647 3156C .'4744 .141(9 .1121C Tv"iK luNIM 63166 473(3 53453 46333 54376 Co—»ro©' Co— «rev. 33334 19458 5(77 949( .9101 MOrMM MorOC 74637 60431 •27192 31635 704 71 17288 13035 13335 10061 71.66 3(493 7(434 So A'..(o Ciremi J. l'Hgo»lomd 10409 5447 .304(6 •2364! Sjmer. Arab l.pubk 61693 50762 21*14 .36399 5- .««rieod 5j i.« 77086 14633 13333 13660 13364 Kvwoil' How«.l 50494 42713 60075 .153)8 .16479 r-O-Ç «0.0 3' 13173 11345 13133 1879! M«I«d Mft^M .603(6 34535 •16934 .73008 U"..«d KrfigdO"» '8549 14248 •2034 11747 11392 S-»d.r. Sued. 46993 2(844 3'370 36491 .26909 .18278 •11886 • 7030 .3373 "o- lUblwîi Up o<) •15333 •15367 •38437 Iwrt.. l.rotml 1673 3371 10324 33309 1083! ïtM" Yémon .338.2 •16931 •33936 .33973 ElJCflo- fauO>»Wf 13694 12724 '0062 .9310 «O'.C «,pub>.r 13529 37924 28775 37993 47433 «v.O.. KO-..' 14123 13333 16516 • 746 .13 Jerdo. ' Jo*do«w 31117 23070 26457 79475 (744 Gobo- ..689 20677 '210 7430 •161 Hc't«Ore 366.. 7(341 70333 77448 7331 .11334 .7778 • 1467 • 833; 17344 •34143 • 934' .5709 l'«'O"0 '-led* 3636 7114 10033 1734. 3033S 1(300 33366 le-. Ion .10732 .7116 .4703 S'jdo- Sowdon 13404 •11049 .10833 •IOS'4 3773 3939 5781 3969 '.»>««« Llond, 31715 137(7 13009 13744 '30'3 Pepve N.» Gw.«o 12413 3790 4737 .4350 .5311 >tu*d* Itwfon 13604 14753 14307 12330 10231 . 'g.o" ltd" .1396 •213 Jemo.co'Jomo'Ow* 4030 13103 16907 •10440 .'1577 • 3664 •4631 • 4004 .361 Iroi'lrlil 33315 17672 13(99 7(33 U-'.tf A.obtm.ro'.1 • 8373 .4005 •3419 .7501 .313 '•'"*" 1341 12133 20152 5769 5143 M»«O rj»,^u. •3632 •3553 .3497 •4016 •370 (VALUE AS % OF TOTAL MARKET ECONOMY)!VALEUR EN % DU TOTAL DES ECONOMIES DE MARCHE) 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 6.6 40 51 47 3.3 52 73 7J .34 .5 5 26 18 1.9 18 .20 •20 • 1 7 North Alr«o 33 3 1 53 4.3 J.7 4-4 62 63 • 4 7 .5 0 A I'-C J» dw Nord 00 0.0 00 00 •00 .00 rf>0 .0 0 .00 00 4r~r.Ce. 33.1 34.1 37.2 37 1 27.3 .704 .747 .73 9 .30 1 •31 3 Am,..,»,, 41.5 438 43.4 443 44 1 402 41.3 .43 6 .44.1 .48 8 2 3 1.0 1.2 1.3 .1.1 • 1.9 •0 6 .0 3 40 73 74 2.3 3 1 4 0 4.3 .37 .7 6 •3 7 CACM 01 00 0.1 0.0 0.0 00 0.0 CO •00 .00 A>CAC 1.2 08 08 0.7 04 0.2 0.1 0.6 04 .0 6 A.» 12 2 17.9 13.7 .11.6 .14.6 .14.5 .155 .1(4 • '6 0 • 147 Al., 10.3 13.1 11.0 11.1 130 13.1 13.9 141 • 17.3 • 111 M-ddWEou 1.1 " .8 •31 •39 •5.4 .5. .51 .37 .46 «••fO-0-.M 0.7 0.1 0.3 .02 •0.3 .03 .0.1 0.4 •0 3 •0 7 l.rep. 339 361 33 3 49.9 31.1 560 504 49.3 46 8 46 0 llMM 447 419 41.0 391 380 41.0 19.5 39 0 33 9 34 7 IIC!le.) 493 310 44.6 443 47 6 495 41.1 43 7 «IIOS.I 77 67 3 9 63 43 39 111. 33 3 0 3 1 33 17 3.9 4.1 39 3.4 3.6 «III 14 1 31.4 103 30 0 794 137 102 394 77 3 26 3 O...~o 30 24 1.» 1.7 .17 .17 .77 .33 .1.1 .3 5 Co-, 07 06 07 06 07 10 10 .0 •0 6 .0 9 USA tlo'.-Urv.d Am.. 137 190 77 6 37.1 72.7 133 1(7 77 730 37 0 Cc-ooo 233 29 6 33 9 13.3 3' 6 76 3 713 30 0 36 1 33 6 149 147 177 10 7 10.7 10 4 I' 3 173 12 1 139 12 3 111 11 3 13.3 13 1 (3 17 74 • 7 103 17 69 US. Itoti-UotidAN. (3 • 0 96 96 105 103 (8 1 G.rmor.. l.d.'O R.p 7 6 1.0 17 17 (4 • 1 7.3 f.r1o.d l.-.lor>d. 8 5 7 1 86 93 93 1.3 76 7 5 69 6.1 1.7 1.6 1.1 70 7 5 •Aoloteo Neio'ir, 46 6.2 57 4.1 57 54 47 .7 0 .6 3 46 55 1.1 4.3 53 3 1 40 34 *.!.'. .«».'•, 7.2 61 70 4 1 5. 41 NtrfceHondir-Pevtle. 6.3 61 6 2 60 5.3 47 43 37 34 33 31 35 27 71 33 2 1 I.tgrvrr*- iM.oroeowra 32 33 33 34 1.4 3 1 3.6 3» 34 3.4 S.r-OCPO. . SrAOOUOW 1 7 77 20 23 21 24 7.1 70 17 Ig/pi'lgrpt, 1 1 27 33 09 1.3 2 8 37 • 1 6 LOU |.,..l 33 17 1.7 13 1 5 19 3.3 1 ( .2. So** Idodjt, 0.3 1.3 01 70 70 •77 • 20 G.rme.y '.Ore' t,e 2.7 76 23 2 ' 19 7.0 7 0 '•' '•' ' * ' ' !( " MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Table 21 Page 34 Imports and exports of veneer sheets and sheets for plywood SITC: 634.1 CCCN: 4414 HS: 4408 IN THOUSAND U.S. DOLLARS EN MILLIERS DE DOLLARS E.U COUNIHES-PAYS MPOIIS • MPOl'AT-QNS COUNHlfS-PAYS E«PO«"S-IXPO«lAT'ONS 1980. 1981 1983 1984 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 w0.ld vo-fcfi rt. .770676 32147 .22252 .26029 .77454 .601(0 .34797 .61623 .63039 N©.*!*, A .!•<« 5»'3' .3376 2007 1024 904 •3671 '•'201 ! .ll'777 '901AS 234342 .230662 •307120 •231551 .231753 IAIA 3103 •40642 .42 4 . '58. 54447 .55339 •44(01 .46925 .31963 »CAC 771 1051 643 .1441 1700M .96733 9CSE3 103740 109431 104732 .137115 .134704 .3365 . ;«AJ .7645 .654 .1413 •3746 3222 P73-7 i 43620C 43!25! i.-c». 443343 347029 299376 304610 33431 5C2«4 32i3c: 363'«7 14 CAS t! : . 349314 232437 213394 326613 229217 IMA •?«5 ' 37273 47739 43703 45856 493 9 '«At IdîSi ' .'746' .3011 4334 3916 3A53 .4J7J 150CÔI 'e! ! ' G«r*MAy F.d*, e' lap 317936 43335 433(5 | '6C307 4666 -SA 'c.-.-id Am». 133054 91001 •486C 101334 94426 USA/CMI|-Uf>t(4'AfM«' 103746 •1435» l 96421, '31653 IA6497 0*'"rj 'rdt'O' 4«p 123390 91491 • 1235 •6122 •9802 •00». I 37CK ; 48066 41(39 491'C :o-odt 77JI7 73319 7d050 94160 96213 A7M< ; 45391 351'3| 440M 43343 12A43 39422 4(294 49263 4tJ-9l 423(3 | 36924| 331t4 |4 o»*—u.i--.bOA-9 50051 32507 32764 35739 31266 lifted •.•Ac-do-" 23029 306*3' 31334 1 31623 36 e 41193 373(3 33191 261 A4 2390! 33':. 27337 Â37(6 . 40672 1 A» 667 35(94 7997» 29737 25045 3691t. 20032| 3I95C 3'3tC l-oi l44n 34250 32(11 29360 30734 .51294 21153 26534 i 23179! 212'' 22921 • 2'23* »-'O4TW Mo'd.»"* 163(7 22931 N«m«>lo«tdi' Poyi So. 31526 «);« 2296' 62A!. 76729 I 290*4 »- es-.. 35944 20247 27(20 SO'67' 6"C7| >'C5 .125 ! .53 20235 •21420 •30140 .16300 .19231 Soad. ArOC 0 2272EI 30107 29914 1 .Si. .759 .•de"«»4j ^W.« 4902 17(67 32693 16366 •11553 T AvitTM) AvWMtM 37573 ' '9136 '977A! 2O105 5432 -c-e-o TKd4sn4k 13161 12273 13039 16060 22342 S-.o«i 5*40» nttt lu?.; '9342' 2069' 22660 S* '1 * ce S .M.» 11 '483' 11331 13177 •3356 S -oopc.t S^ecrr '-•93' '633' 17043 3'75 Oo—O-SA" Cdw»'6vr 134)39 1326 10346 1 9353 .5233 193*7 2C«63 : 5221 ! 12276 MU •J- 'ta t-^qAvr 16496 13191 1466 9433 S63S 1I492 •e;S31 5 92 33 t 5538 .13964 • 11144 .4 88 • 13t9 9621 91(4 I'M 1'E. 101 I • 203 •220' I 33C7 S-;::ct S -f c 13044 10643 •'•72 •3CJA ' 9268 915' 'O'to «tpwbit 19S3 '7946] 5'53 10(90 11673 SAA3. 98 M 957C Nftr.o, SyWgf .6449' '""i 9:4.1 ' !( ! .23392 9532 .'729* MOO' ! A.i-'o'-o A^ii-eW 11334 • •(:}'• :302 9597 | 43X6 7104 799A 7835 11136 5476 ê-ci ï»> .379! | 34'C Sllti 62A' 11191 9243 1A37 82A? Spc - Eipc;-r "743 1 7356 ' S 63' 7(25) •.••*«-*"di Poyi lot 16423 7378 7726 7643 SAS! ' 7'5I' •335 7«3C! 7JO--C-. 0o««-^^ •004 8'72 6625 '0315 MACS •324, 6<79| 725 Soc ' E dojAt !47»2 9431 Mil 59'5 .10922 Se A(o«« Cwo-i» "> 9393 971e j 6331 ! .53(4 | .5423 9.05 7059 7AS5 7255 6916 9S07 | '4C34I .2340 1 .1042 7813 6350 386A 594J 6t.S .4907 1 .12499 .9400 Eoro' Eortm 395 ' 6397 I 3323' .6139 S© A^AC C-..©~>l \Jr 477A !73! 2767 351', .3493 Arg*nf«« A>9* • »* 695] ' 4335 | 2131 • 2630 A21A .720» .5A49 •4075 , liB'Cnd -lu -d» 33A! 3«2." J37- '63' 37oC 3900 2136 I .176 N«- laoto^d ! et 2760 2'0Cj 2733 '4-4. 37A2 1903 366 .6425! , 147 333C, 2 '3 27«t 2469 1 360C 2A-4 !•-» .34.5 .3653 .2760 .2441 | .7.60 M», co 44».4B,*4 •35' .6AS: .337! .234 1 •Ml .47(3 .3 53 • 2A43 .2-231 .65.: .336 .1702I .2997 ! .1240 C-e-o 1460 38. .2662 •4.M Cyprwt .',e-. 2347 I74< 2005 I '8-5 993 '9 6 1683 2132 • 2294 Ho->ç tprf 333 346: S3 465: 130. "34 .3292 1 • toss ItDOnon l.&o» .7'!» .2317 .491 1961 902 .3676 So-.ol^ Somo 4 .15 .3 53A '743 23. So.d A-6D.0 2KB 376 270 .2601 *• T rrl'O Mo'on » . 963 | .1514 1096 • 431 ,444 ' 16 .373 .163' .35 Cc.of.tc 196 610 .11(4 . Â77 Sinon * oMn .t "27- 167 • 239 .1645 .(60 .761 G'..!. G:fC 395 | t.; l'A 2162 439 516 3079 !••!' hEAl l*'^w"» '43 '69- 340 17! en .714 .612 •360 .'Cl Al««-ij Alç*'.» 1773 1 A 1 .52A 85 ,214! 1032 49A 359 Satl 564 •AO'OACO M«*c> 674. ''•3 376 .31 . -•* .44 A-obE*-- 'oui .4232 •671 .79 • tfC^d i>l*àt 121V' 533 m 9 3 13 Co-cneA] Co'C-"b.4 155 51A 2(3 202 '79 C»... CM. 9JC '535 .J3? .370. 318 A!A 296 257 363 77 1 621 B < i (12 A07 377 176 307 •73.! 402 AS! 39 47 (VALUE AS % OF TOTAL MARKET ECONOMY)(VALEUR EN % DU TOTAL DES ECONOMIES DE MARCHE) 19751 976 j1977 j 1978 ! 1979 980- 1981 1982|1983' 1984 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 19831 1984 3 ' "34' 771 16 39 3 7 .2 9 1 .3 6 34 40 5 1 ••3 .10 .12 •»'! .1 3 2 A 26; .ill .77 16, i ni fl 'E. ""-'-••> " 0 1 02 03 01 03 02 0 1 0 1 •cs| : 3 V0 0| 91 .0l! tl 6 A 63 • t: ' . .'S 73 6 .2. 3 A-, i..,. 301 29 7 39 5 30 3 3C4 216 .307 .10 9 • 13 2 .1.6 ?c 3 3 3, 36 • /'. .6 .3 62 7 3 33 32 6.2 • 7.0 .6.2 I ." 7 "O 0 1 0 1 02 01 0 1 01 • : 2 "'I 01 •'-' •< • ' •' t ! •'-' '• 02 02 •°7 . j lïl 1 '.' 6 J •6 J • A st 73 .".t • 1 11 3 13 1 11 0 12.2 115 14 6 .3 7 .ll'l 77 i ' 00 00 00 .0 1 .0 3 .0» .0 1 .0 7 .0 7 ' 0' "1 "'•" ' - ..>l 0' • r6 3| M 6 2 46 3 .IÎI2. 45 2 42 6 47 4 410 404 315 116 32 2 29 6 32| •2 6' "* 1 7 .51 95 5 1 .1,1 60 59 60 61 67 63 64 65| 6C 14 /•' !. .4] ! )! ' '- .2, .J .22;<,=- . 04 04 04 .0 3 •0 4 .0 4 06 06' 04' .36 G* «••on y 'filf'O l«r ...i •50 . ' ) 0' 03 , ; S 5 1 ! ..1 5 1 .SA E-O'. J' ld A»,. 13 1 106 97 12 4 12 2 13» 110 I27| 1431 1 J USA fioli v t <1 * 2 9 et 50 G«*-'e-j bptfio l.p 166 13» 14 3 136 12 2 .11 1.41 4 HO'T «oi<« ;C 6 1 • 1 6 64| 5A| 1. 12 6 174 12 4 • 6 100 .11 " ' 2 3 ' 2. i! Ijl 52 57 | 56 '03 103 •0 3 94 7 9 71 641 tnm* .11 • Si 36 •. t ' 6 01 5 1 5 6i A - 4 2 l*.g .r, :..'.-»6cw>a 10 30 33 34 53 49 47| J«pon / J«pt>n 3' • l! '2 'A, 74I 2 2 4/1 4.1 .6 42 3 7 36 30 30 34' Dt n'rvat-t-'Dfi**" O» .51 ::< 3 ; .2! 3>! 12 1C 63 63 43 39 .•N«'r.»'lo<.dt h, -. •6i • Al 5 1 All ].' A | 11 / 9: 2 ? 70 36 11 -AI 4C . '1 .6 2 • 1 :. 1 ! 7 2X 2 24 13 3 1 34! .35; '• - 4I 21 37 46 !( •" •>\ .4, -1 --i " ' •*'" " 3 1 1 : 1. ! MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Table 22 Page 35 Imports and Exports of Plywood SITC: 634.2 CCCN: ex 4415 HS: ex 4412 IN THOUSAND U.S. DOLLARS IN MILLIERS DE DOLLARS EU COUNTBIfS-PAVS IMPOtTS - IMPOB1 AllON$ | ;ct.KHi'.vt.« EXPORlS-E.POPTAl'OKS 1980 198) 1982 1983 1984 ;980 1981 1982 1983 ,984 Wo' Al, «t. .65106 •113633 .69013 .103923 .54303 »M.« .23306 44504 4 2 .,65 .«•16 •V442 North **»<« 38069 65903 33763 .63563 .36166 4lfl..o.-.:c »3« •Ut] •404 •6c; •619660 .433606 .393066 .343033 A-..,q.„ ./4I467' .30626. .322895 .223246 .."069C5 •266426 .5957 • 4786 .3461 os;*] 1J963 .2936 .5332 .176 CACM •M .63 .61 .33 MCAC .367 .331 .4.4687 .433601 •553930 .532113 .439719 A,, •67.tr 99357. 639.46 • '•'36614 .646362 M4d» le.* .314938 •303049 .366929 .333965 .245699 .7450 .11556 «•»>•--* "• .21299 .10337 •346» 960186 616622 664345 834 139 !,.op. itj 64 C^«P* 1032968 4/6037 433832 413300 409260 EtCOctt) 916387 854117 716848 791114 733343 CHIC, 2416591 165646 168230 131373 96624 93935 97404 IMA 135556 104376 AE1E 160C2 271924 749946 236666 34-343 .32597 .34036 •36347 .35397 L>~~ .41605 O...-. .37.3 16695 '7904 .10170 .6372 J$A ïlOtl-Ur.lt; *»Pf« 500306 339616 494428 476C3C l-do-..t ;. ... 436316 33376 '61364 .66236 49263» •431260 Urutfd Ktnodon 346633 393774 336945 391318 255629 303675 257634 239607 224630 Gtifor-j ItOt'Oi Rtp 164363 161398 146519 130336 Ko'to IffEbt •< 3043.9 322726 '60371 69519 N«lK«riond> Po^t loi 304630 140666 150336 140303 S-nQopo't Srpcre.,' 169634 183341 65141 &eud< A'ob'O 13370 10379 175146 .190337 .136682 USA Ewi-Uia An-. : 06668 178990 "7401 43737 Hong Kong 103749 113171 83938 75831 63605 Mo>6>t'fl «tel 17239 112315 •40119 .07634 S-mjopo't S.npopouF 7C374 73664 71610 64363 36322 Ceneoc 123311 110041 00564 '15007 116363 80678 69363 604 15 Ph.lippi.ttt 110616 110668 '6332 lrlg'um-iu»»--bo.-ç 75415 7O970 60609 34630 36516 8952 i 71063 Co*odo 34 166 71399 30665 44796 31433 J0PO" JOP.- 49302 43717 34290 NOM 32366 45447 DfnmerL Doft*nc*> 46316 43030 44036 43780 6«^ *rr-{**»~cc.-ç 37,5 14J31 26331 23467 23930 S~.d*« i^d* 61907 43311 41368 39766 45090 .9403 23431 23623 23990 U-Kied A'Ot ff.i'Bi»! •50505 .46331 .16763 .9566 Spe.p E.pofi*-. 73533 20367 .17643 23663 •20197 •36411 •20733 .23399 1 ru»o i ' rtc-«,i •39468 "e--c» To*»" »*. 17376 23O30 15620 13674 fSfpi. Eerp** 43397 36763 .12092 Hong KoAg 34970 26566 13133 • 1433C 21696 A .-i "c -c ' A . v • e-« 36904 30664 36859 G.'-cv liOf'i l«p 12626 13566 '7346 '6232 1»324 Noi-tr^en't* 37146 31757 39793 37095 33367 '•(>-» cci Ec.» Soi 26777 '4391 12329 36914 33146 13913 4460C .12003 „-fCi-;c;- 73333 '6094 13312 8367 12342 .39339 .30493 .15776 .33310 .6371 6670 iMMfiW 33619 1777» •16170 .34097 .'6666 »d> -ou '6363 1217» 6576 8473 570» o«*-> .11433 19193 33963 33133 '1694 i.o') Ccon C. i o .423 «66/ 9464 5221 .1535 .39339 .'3303 .13934 9362 7279 6997 865» itoly l'osjt 36369 30603 13245 14013 1647C Nt. Z.plo-c 0799 6507 '••n.ooB onfl lobeoo 9134 30669 17634 .5156 344 172 7962 .7254 19973 13595 13363 13316 Cc-i'oo' Ce-itc- 3444 4366 5252 4421 Cuba .17607 .15431 .13069 •13523 .3137 • '103 .4567 .8223 .43 .17 if*iO"0''t*bna« 15699 13347 11534 M593 Eiwodoi Eo.ci.,' 10340 12595 34 .32 Jopon'JflpCn 39113 10968 10135 13049 26703 Pop-c N.» G. n»i .40-3 4453 2902 .3366 .2786 IOH'0 r. lot-'fin •9316 .13304 .13314 •8509 .9347 14028 3547 2386 3874 4631 - Ooto* •5661 6071 10966 .4846 .3639 Un.t.o Arat E"" O .! .041 .3646 .2323 .3343 • 1676 ',;, ,j. WOO,IC **C'0 l-t 3965 3733 6576 •10016 .9056 3 6- .476. .'J79 .1226 • 1376 6893 6377 6954 .63 .2 . 537 .4513 .1706 JwdO» JorOO*"* 6009 6438 i. 'a-* 5.'^e* • :3C'6 .2413 .1616 .1294 Dn^cfo''( T«WI»B •3837 • 1956 .1803 • 10601 .2391 S- ici:-; S-ix 16« 1697 3 1 1H2 1077 IPOI (ulomK tp et) •15645 .1908 .3317 •2793 lC60*-6n it;n .33 .2736 .305 .'62 • 134 r c »c i § p,t '^ 6356 3316 3640 3666 9J4 1646 1365 1564 It'OTCI .3067 .6009 336 189 395 .2161 .606 $r>.On *'«0 Ftt-t-C • 7758 .1436 756 610 966 766 582 Crpf-i 0»r9*« IOM 3891 3041 1426 .820 .2035 .161 34. • 73» So Alr-co Ckinvt i>- 344' 4666 3637 .437 • 562 •** *'"- ' .046 •13, 796 5» 389 Sfft^go^Sf^SO- 3639 3156 .2790 .3411 .3311 6o..i. lu-... .'.. . 9'6 .46 koond mono* 2960 2636 266a No,»cj ••«-..=,. 3i3 7)1 736 910 9015 3416 327C 3579 .479 •/43 .7,8 .3457 .394; P«.« P..o. 696 763 Jenoiio JO-O>C-« 95. 3647 .1413 • 1673 POM.JO' J02 J>3 386 G-'r-'cC G'ot--ftS 3113 3196 1677 3133 2361 476 512 336 A31 Cwodtlowp* 3543 1777 3031 2211 1»13 312 676 333 .58» Mo (VALUE AS % OF TOTAL MARKET ECONOMY)(VALEUR 1rs % DU TOTAL DES ECONOMIES DE MARCHE) 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1975 1976 ! 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 .1 7 .4 8 ,2 8 26) 27 No-lh A'i-iP .3 0 90 .316 .24 3 • 26 7 .22 5 .27 7 .0 0 .0 5 .0 3 .0 2 .0 2 .0 0 .0 0 MCAC 20 2 .139 .20 8 .28 6 .74 9 .23 0 3ÛC 5.0 • 3i i .54 3 .7 5 • 100 .94 ,19 1 .137 .129 '.0 0 .C 1 .06 .0 6 .0 2 72 9 6« 1 49 6 49 1 4» J 44 5 42 5 41 3 43 6 3' 0 2V5 3J3 26 1 BEC IT.n) 33 2 30 0 44.J 4J8 39 6 37 3 36 9 36 6 CEEID.I 12 7 124 139 108 38 2 46 3 1 43 AELE '37 •82 0>M-« 20 4 3.6 26 ! 23 1 23 1 J 1 26 0 156 15. 13 6 136 22 J 150 '7 3 140 12 7 7 3 .6 1 73 2 17 5 39 70 S-ngupc-.. ! 10 5 100 .03 63 97 I 1 Molorl.0 A. 7 3 .7 9 Cenodo 90 Ph.lif.p.n., 63 5 J 39 Jopo' Jepp 36 MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 36 Table 23 Imports and Exports of Wood Articles 635 4420-4424 and 4427 4414-4416, 4418-4420, ex 4421.90, etc. IN THOUSAND U.S. DOLLARS EN MILLIERS DE DOLLARS E.U COL""«'!S-»»»S l-PO-TS- IMPORTATIONS | COj-.'.itS-'AVS EXPORTS - E-POITATIONS 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1980 1981 1982 1983 1986 vio'ld "a-i.1 Economy 33658.5 3393310 2934335 •3103310 .3149449 [CtAASA-loi df MO'CA* 312(039 32233(6 3877760 3765134 2719554 .1496«6 371667 .716870 .197973 .197703 ftW-pio •301(3 13233 .1074! •30010 .17149 so.» »'••<. "-" 319366 163379 .99375 •133033 AlrKTwt dg NO'd 1796 3460 1379 • 1334 1792 •WJli-U,, A-.-IOI •««SI.4 •763734 •633112 •838837 .1001308 755944 7441(7 633203 •«13545 •630200 .AMES .74027 •43323 .3006. .30327 133918 123903 «2624 83858 •47305 C»C"> 3730 3874 • 3998 • 7833 • 3380 MCAC 21507 17076 13610 12974 •10373 A.» .616464 •663747 •638477 •632839 •309694 Al* 33(5(3 485153 423178 .361013 •3(3713 ..oc-Eoi' .403644 .474410 .439720 •438386 .314164 MO-t" O".-» 104333 17444) 166387 •70109 •(3311 1(39563 154 5868 1367337 1407310 1388232 Evop. 1571083 1964973 1741699 1759166 167(236 14377(2 1172875 1017388 1048496 1009568 CCE ID..; 1305226 1279748 I062'76 1115371 1034436 [IT» 400047 330145 330611 342131 362077 ABU 331364 490703 314943 4(4860 442566 0<..~> .45078 .47799 •56740 .46430 .33492 O,.... •22367 • 15(41 .17439 • 11396 •11236 US* Eto'1-u-.-id'AAv.» S3«M3 329573 482432 673935 797165 Co-odo 331103 339394 310560 397067 3505*9 0»™*o"r ••d.'Ol Dtp AtVcO.l 394876 349847 387360 358935 G<'-o-r>i-»o'ltp 3337A4 391173 237508 346085 240059 Sa.d A-ot a 2.1(32 153867 210824 .223167 •161433 2(7799 28(764 317760 233(30 1913(3 231601 190735 184371 171038 156879 USA Eie'.-j-1 d A-.- 256661 311937 201885 _- •.- * -cea-- 180661 161513 207999 C..--C-. DOOOWWAH 194239 33(442 166837 310930 213932 .302978 •144236 •139372 .88723 S-IOI- S«4d. 198737 196292 209837 8«.ç-.«-..-«.-'-bo-«6 147357 9731C 92462 1(3361 1915)3 )64700 172418 132493 jopo- ;ep©A 137555 1I920O 113430 116808 F->ce i.ric-d* 130973 )15)69 171726 132113 » -es * 5'' » 48360 241322 54383 •110376 A.i"« Awtr«ht 131395 109403 107713 105503 98947 5- -j.-e-d i.m 131742 11333! 109009 110863 '21.88 i--rK«H«-di >Oyiloi 130617 99739 • «7476 90973 (5909 Co-wed. 7...0 113438 8004 7 104964 113665 U*.-i*d l.-çdt-. 110199 9(017 83872 (1434 (5011 Kr~t-lo"di 9orl Ml 1«7S34 113745 88907 (9573 8(136 Spo.n Eipcg.. 7693( 7339( 92996 127(24 K-a.-c, No'-tp* 71045 70770 (0C30 87357 85742 v.gotlo.io 36(53 120674 65537 70624 '. byd» A'ofc Jomei--iro 34SB1 •30'74 .30031 92147 92003 17430 667(3 .37917 ei2«6 85774 58982 33557 33(10 «,-e ' le-.'' 63634 104635 (4120 •78(79 .23565 84678 57433 39364 (»;.-.->f-t;-ç 64070 39303 «2901 73356 73433 73(01 33C20 3712C 33469 33230 -e-.a IID--:c 49213 43726 50377 A.l'-Ol-O A.llrolto 33244 35893 39803 34'18 437(1 Ts-.icid T^oAo.o. 315(0 4(952 43566 N ee-.o s 9#"0 .19869 •13412 31733 39(67 35599 51437 «29751 1 - e-c [ -c-di 31490 23565 37946 34393 42435 Jopo- jepe- 39640 40800 30279 33(2« 33299 0.--O.I Do-A*-»-. 46650 26505 24773 76006 32339 «IC.IC "e-CI-. 13121 39765 257.1 •43683 •62996 34770 370C5 73383 17463 (.-oope-r S-w.cpe.< 22968 376(4 28064 77781 2(317 36802 1733 7578 •47637 .1(299 •15620 •1499( 10513 23335 .17144 • 8235 • (490 No-woy Npr.AO* 38124 30311 33371 19666 22009 22720 3I6C3 18031 .89.3 •10313 5- j* e-< SA.II. 34955 23713 30(31 22935 .3733 .4303 •9488 •32633 .13007 "e-g • e-g 19475 19042 14818 19226 S—ecp©.. Smgooowf 15339 13550 32453 ".>». Tw-Qw-. 2796 31391 SfC « fie-CO*. 70671 12757 13860 17076 13363 20407 243O0 1(782 13876 8265 7057' '6322 .'O'da. -e-oe- . 19004 20163 14735 6350 20767 -... :o ~.. k.-»-« U-J-d. <036l 13339 14752 •85» 10937 U- 'te A-ob (pji PHI .33(4 .7646 .13776 •14(16 • 13331 Jceo- Jo.de--. • lit '0388 11639 1(2(9 13622 insa .(348 . - te Arot f "«OKI '0348 •1C372 •8134 Mo- Z.e e-d 173(3 13437 '0656 9607 10037 ! So Afxe C.I>OA»I U* 6868 13373 7389 • 5'77 .7971 13342 8884 (637 13638 ' S274 8383 .5680 • 3<6! Ce c-b.o Cok>--ff 6269 «331 633X 2952 (C--C - |ol'.m 3676 8305 .3380 7330 3440 2732 .13733 A>g.->.-e A.g«-l.-« 15S11 19003 1480 343 .2.55 Cyp-.i Ore-. 10 84 3430 70'l 64 '8 -do-»i« '-do-fi. 5029 6163 6657 7(30 •13104 ÏSTP"(ÇfO'« 3313 6130 • t!97 .7.05 C.po • 353 .13539 •16304 . Tri* dad e-c Tobogo 2537 8500 4585 3995 .6770 C-o- 5 11026 35 54 10 .5315 • 4738 .7651 .66 6 .3959 Lebco- .«o. • 3350 • 3491 • 3743 .35(6 .2947 S»-.-- Arob R.pvbfk 4037 2771 9283 • 4790 4073 3738 •522 • 433 Gir-.e-e Gre.-l-d 596-8 4827 5259 5874 3071 7470 7876 .1728 kO> fllbs—K Kp Of) .7694 •2714 .5630 .5909 .8095 '»o-y COOII C6*t d >. • 3113 2756 1936 33(4 .7415 -oijvt -cla.l.. 3604 4635 • 3048 • 3137 1336 1712 2418 3105 1965 l.'--wdo B.rmwd.i 7604 3891 3900 3852 5133 1739 1335 7333 7122 760 2567 3313 3054 33(0 3010 973 2387 2274 •317 Ko'.o Rtcjb!.< 3176 3430 3803 Sy o- Arob («pvb < 7263 7718 1337 «91 3551 .2831 •7(35 1231 • >924 • <4(( M.- Z.o:o-d 7346 3183 3990 292( 3391 Auil'ot-O Auitrol* 2175 7046 334 1258 973 1 (VALUE AS % OF TOTAL MARKET ECONOMY» VAUU8 EN % DU TOTAL DES ECONOMIES DE MARCHE) 1975 1974 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 19B2 1983 1984 1975 1976 1977 1976 1979 I960 1981 1982 1963 1984 35 42 4 5 37 11 0 .73 .6 3 07 0.7 08 06 06 .0 6 03 • 0 4 .07 .0 7 • Al.to 33 37 33 37 76 77 94 5! .3 7 .4 8 A.'-CHA- d. No.d 01 0 1 00 01 01 01 01 0.1 •CO 01 23 8 73 7 37 ( .34 ( .33 9 .70 7 • 32 3 .72 4 .76 7 .31 8 A-».-*-.. 22 1 73 2 23 4 74 6 245 24 1 331 33 4 •77 7 • 33 7 1 S 1 3 13 • 2 2 • 13 .10 .10 2.7 30 33 3 1 37 19 33 • IJ CAC» 02 07 0.7 C 1 0 1 01 0 1 .0' •0 1 .0 '• »CAC 04 04 03 06 08 07 05 04 03 -0.4 A.c 15 2 73 1 372 31.3 1(4 .1(3 • 195 ,..; .30' .16 2 An 129 116 11.1 11.3 11.» 113 13 0 13 1 .130 .14 1 " •*« 'O!' 77 17( 22 « 16 3 12 ' .170 .140 .30 .14 1 .'C0 A.O.,-0..-' 2 1 19 25 37 31 33 34 59 .7 5 .3 1 l.-fAM 53 9 47 3 44 « 48 1 33 9 55 3 45 6 46 8 43 3 .. (.•OP. «3 9 «4.0 61 9 «3 0 «2 9 «3 0 609 61 7 63 6 61 7 '!i. -5* E'0'i-u-..id A-»' 16" 17 3 170 '9 3 18 4 13 9 156 65 30 1 23 3 Co-ada 8 3 10 1 110 13 1 139 .0 6 103 Il 0 'C 7 139 G.'-.--, lfd.'oll.p 123 110 10 3 133 20 12 3 17 4 17 7 13.3 11 5 107 90 24 ll( 63 57 77 .7 7 .3 < «3 77 83 9» 90 (7(0 'a-.. 5( 60 69 56 63 35 50 UiA ElO'1-U-.lC IIMI I0« 96 10 3 7 6 (9 (0 7 5 74 U'.t.d. --dOBN t( >43( 3 6 34 37 * 3 5 3 D»**.0'l Don.—o'l 48 38 55 «7 60 .1 ? • 3 7 .6 0 .3 6 S-.d.n 5..0. (7 76 63 « 1 65 «3 33 52 37 63 63 60 43 3 ' 29 I.a-t. «3 SI 39 58 43 34 11 35 39 36 3 7 !.. c-d f ' o-d. 77 29 34 76 3 ' 47 36 74 2C 7 3 1 ( 1 8 .3 3 77 27 30 39 39 34 3 1 36 B 5- -i.-ie-e S- ... 24 1 9 30 76 32 36 34 37 36 39 N.-l...lo-d. o.| toi 4i 43 38 43 39 39 3 1 35 37 MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 37 Table 24 Imports and Exports of Furniture and Parts SITC: 821 CCCN/HS: 9401-9404 IN THOUSAND U.S. DOLLARS EN MILLIERS DE DOLLARS EU ;Ojn.l«.lS-PATS IMPOSTS - .MPO«'*TlONS COUNT«ltS->«»S E»PO«TS-UPOR*A; ONS 1980 1981 1982 1983 19641 I960, 1981 19821 19831 1981 (tc-e-nH'idt i"li'i .343233 463003 .373025 •363764 •301436 4490?I 39961 349 6 •16994 304964 2C7431 •136239 * ''-a-, d. Ne'd 3952 6357 7846 j .?63r I • 1892 «16*9891 •1948681 • 1935504 | •2374244 •3421073 •13433?! .'C66396 .993334 .103746 •139836 • H0651 .63090 •97667 •973M I .Ce586 31624 I 33026 12318 11773 .8624 ! .8446 • 9693 «c»c '3798' •J4S6 7193 ( .7336 •2106674 •1163363 343396 ; 6467521 .671616 I5»»312 6997C3 1312819 •152463c' 1044?' .698?' 6796555 5783383 575614? 1332 C3 75'7397 ! 733753» 3892945 -198344 7394 165 49O8670 4534579 444S9C7 4369018 Ci! ,D.. 6979 38 6083322 6014403 s:»:540 1363381 1277574 1333569 •tit 013467 8935C5 699244 «969C6 .125308 •158513 •156672| .137994 .177065 .29 e 3:-93 1390342 1523466 ! 2043626 2112153 2 7963? 981909 H746B3 ::?6472 16»3049 1266363 1241373 Cw4*i 'eoe-o *»s 2047739 , 14004 56 •777C39 733036 -66936? 130664! 1260438 H66233 1066162 JS* |!Ct»-L«.e A-f 33' 15 648-30 'C39 31 607645 .771639 .714263 esc; [ 775267 319679 379648 584089 743621 725444 I 658091 701034 700'69 6«4g*n-L.f-604.9 633411 361691 367930 601033 103601? 747)66 607609 337922 437Î69! 456373 502612 462686 |. IfflC'tf &V1II 337136 466569 461405 S-rd." 5vtd« S'JOM' 4670M 4X433 421394 371790 712130 541906 360035 -'•'re CnflOO- 3Se3'7! 44777J 420711 390672 3C31B1 A.i"'tJ Aw*r«*« 366636 300549 302515 J 435079 361647 317311 26977e ! 376961 243352 306306 307133 346673 296453 •291227 311174 N."i»'N»-idi Perl lei •»t—Qr No-»*»» 325694 241413 340233 J3I993 233665 231140 ' 314641 233737 375633 169876 736312 276063 133693 '19339 176030 191316 769630 222917 199833 336683 69326 170779 160576 .155159 .22'6<5 •66343 159384 Spa" fiooe-e 254393 13558' .64609 •72899 .73992 . '62723 14851- 174341 .12*829 .125113 Finland 'in-f-d* !3<*4t .364 "6492 124944 123682 •36552 141909 143920 HOP» < ono 10304' 129241 147347 Abt"c' 108350 '02504 133C43 *-oreo teoub -e 3376C1 35610 see: 64368 37986 end :nO-0* 79947 60143 39442 .36637 1 .65637 36626 , 37369 93461 30743 39*50 52376 "•tend "to'oe 3U56 I 37099 38394 , 3935- 39296 46071 32530 43932 TnolvncJ Tno>eno« 29399 32176 33C21I 43243 •66473 •45176 •42387 •25074 3531:1 31144 38493 1 •24302 •21211 •35450 20725 •74006 I.eH Ion. J7337 3'070 22-.S3 19424 69370 33245 36104 43067 53 -co- -o'doi'» 30253 37338 39946 4 1098 38613 3162 .•92M .106. .20071 •3C680 •32825 .36907 •26356 •.oloriio MOIO i» 16171 16779 10067 >1130< Sc A'-ftoCxttCM !rf« 19646 27847 •37349 je coi- Jo'ee-t 4633 ' 032 20763 317' 20928 75476 42354 32660 13514 '2321 10674 •12560 .12395 •13432 .33096 14716 '0961 8737 32662 19521 31007 •49340 .10624 .9293 .5645 20487 .31367 Um-ed Arot (- •«••! .7C20 .7722 • 6370 16260 21931 21619 17133 15920 3272 5.2» 3939 • 7340 • • n (joij and 'ctcçt 11482 21504 2394 1 S04C A'obe 7073 7627 • 725 3.6C 1 379 .2637' .13225 .7123 2686 2842 62/J loibodci Co-eoof 19003 19498 18106 0 CO JO—O «u* 357 2989 3263 10831 13591 73483 Co-OTtno CelO-nO-C 373! 5643 5113 1824 16571 17350 13663 C.'r.i. Greet 399. 413? 3660 36.0 GuOOclouD' 18172 14763 13693 5059 5290 2676 2769 10374 13736 •13213 .17739 Macau Maeeo 1793 3676 .235'. •3266 •>.'« CM. 8373 31013 .10688 •5233 .4434 Morocco n-e'Cr 863 1670 5166 .1589 "**«i Vernfn 16350 11055 12074 .12838 •679? Mooneeio indonetK 1111 1934 2156 38'4 -doiti-c '"doMi't 6581 11367 12839 8790 •16564 C0110 Irco 3637 2236 .1992 2234 ^t'ht'.O-MJi ArMJti .10973 • 126U • 9041 .9079 MOIIO Molie 3100 2015 ?6C« «ceo Rcpvb'x 4316 3537 11416 13384 (orp' egrp'e 3602 MM .957 (VALUE AS % OF TOTAL MARKET tCONOMY)(VALEUR EN % DU TOTAL DES ECONOMIES DE MARCHE) 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 198 37 3 1 34 30 2.5 .3 1 •36 • 3 4 .2 6 0.6 03 03 03 0.4 03 04 04 • 0 4 •02 %O..r,Al..,0 1 8 1.4 1.» 1.6 1 3 1.7 2» 2 0 .1.4 .1.4 Alrrqœ dw Nord 03 07 0 1 0 1 0.1 00 01 0.'. •0 0 .00 160 17 3 13» 167 • 16 2 .13 1 • IIJ • 116 .33 3 .297 AMXKnTI 74 7.» 72 74 72 •13 • 10» 10.7 • 109 • 130 0.3 03 0.3 03 •0 4 •09 .1.3 •01 AlAI 06 03 06 06 06 .10 •II 0.6 06 .0 7 CACM 0.3 02 0.2 0? 0.1 01 0 1 •0 1 •0 1 .0 1 A-CAC 07 0.1 03 02 01 01 0.1 01 •0 1 •0 1 A.» 64 60 130 126 131 14 4 161 • 20 1 • 18.2 .16 1 AM 34 4 1 41 49 51 55 1.1 7.0 .7 4 •7 8 -eoii (on 3.» 4.5 1» .92 97 106 IIJ .14 3 • 117 • 104 Moyen Or-.ni 01 01 0.4 0.3 .06 .07 .0» 1.1 • 01 •0.1 i.iop. 73.5 703 67.4 66.6 664 663 5» 1 36? 33 7 500 f-eope •1.4 16 7 17 4 17.1 •7 0 •5 4 • 11 • 16 60 9 796 IKlle-l 356 34 3 3? 1 328 52 5 32 0 43 2 413 37» ClllOio) 724 73 0 73.1 72 6 6«» 63 6 63.3 I"A 160 15 0 14 6 13 3 13 2 13.6 134 13 1 11» 116 Afl( 10» 10 3 96 96 10 1 10 • 103 97 98 102 C.eooi. 1 3 15 1 2 .12 .1.1 .11 .15 .1.5 • 13 • 16 Ocean» 03 03 03 03 .0 3 • 0 3 03 -S« i.e.. Un.OA-». 10 7 11 6 113 127 12 1 110 130 14.5 1»0 23 0 uotr HoU 13.6 13 4 177 IV» 23 0 2' 8 21 3 31 3 716 20 7 Gr.-or, r.drro.ltp 14 8 136 14.2 13 2 13 1 116 111 Germonr federal >ep 341 34 3 14 3 34 0 221 203 163 168 16 3 176 130 13? 11.0 111 112 130 101 USA t.a..-Un..d Ame. 3.0 36 41 3 1 43 52 71 70 3e.d A.ot-o 2 2 5? 56 56 63 • 71 • 6 2 61 3» 6 2 6.3 61 63 60 l-n...d Cngdem 34 47 4» J7 J» 66 67 6V 69 eergwm- iw.embovro 113 10 1 90 82 7.3 ?3 61 6 1 62 58 116 104 t.l 7.0 51 36 4.8 4» 6 1 •».*..kind.. Po7i 60. 11.3 IIJ 113 Denenork Ocrtemor» 46 4)1 4? 3 1 SJ 5-.|«rlt>nd'S«.|.n 3 1 4.3 45 47 43 47 S-.d.n Saede 3» 33 4» 46 5 1 7.J 77 »J 7? 6 7 3 1 42 3.3 3 1 Iwred KMejdom 61 31 61 6.3 37 36 46 43 40 36 33 3.6 34 33 33 2.7 21 11 76 3 0 33 1» 35 35 30 43 35 3» •eP0n jopon 16 ' ' 16 1» 34 1.0 33 2» 3 3 77 NrlKrrrlondl Poyi 6oi 3 1 4.3 3» 37 35 30 3? 3 1 3 1 _. MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 38 - " '• ' Total of market economy countries (not including Taiwan Province) Exports (1984) j Imports (1984) US$ Million (i) Rough and roughly squared wood 4,725 5,244 (logs) (ii) Sawn wood 9,580 10,894 (iii) Veneers 771 780 (iv) Plywood 1,562 1,907 (v) Wood articles 2,720 3,149 (vi) Furniture^and parts, of all 9,526 11,521 materials only a minor part is of wooden furniture. 40. Among the exporting countries of logs listed in Table 19, main exporting countries of tropical wood include Malaysia, Indonesia, Côte d'Ivoire, Gabon, Philippines, Burma, Papua New Guinea, Congo and Cameroon. By far the largest market for logs is Japan, followed by EEC, Republic of Korea, Taiwan Province (China), Canada, Austria, Hong Kong, United States, Singapore, Thailand, Egypt, Finland, Morocco, Israel, Sweden, Algeria and Switzerland. 41. Among the exporting countries of sawn wood listed in Table 20, main exporting countries of tropical sawn wood include Malaysia, Indonesia, Brazil, Indonesia, Philippines, Singapore, Côte d'Ivoire, Burma and Honduras. Main markets for sawn wood include EEC, United States, Japan, Canada, Australia, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Algeria, Taiwan Province (Chine), Switzerland, Singapore, Austria and Norway. 42. Among the exporting countries of veneers listed in Table 21, main exporting countries of tropical wood veneers include Brazil, Malaysia, Thailand, Congo, Indonesia, Philippines, Côte d'Ivoire and Singapore. Main markets for veneers include EEC, United States, Japan, Canada, Sweden, Austria, Republic of Korea, Switzerland, Australia, Singapore and Tunisia. MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 39 43. Among the exporting countries of plywood listed in Table 21, main exporting countries of tropical wood plywood include Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Gabon, Hong Kong and Cote d'Ivoire . Main markets for plywood include EEC, United States, Saudi Arabia, Hong Kong, Singapore, Sweden, Canada, Australia, Japan, Nigeria, Norway, Kuwait, Oman, Yemen, Switzerland, Egypt and Algeria. 44. Among the exporting countries of wood articles (HS 4414-4416, 4418-4420, ex 4421.90), main exporting countries of tropical wood articles 2 include Malaysia, Thailand, Taiwan Province (China) Republic of Korea, Philippines, Singapore, Brazil, Hong Kong, Cuba, India, Mexico, Indonesia and Honduras. Main markets for wood articles include EEC, United States, Saudi Arabia, Switzerland, Japan, Canada, Algeria, Iraq, Norway, Austria, Australia, Finland, Sweden, Singapore, Hong Kong, Israel, Libya, Nigeria, Bahamas and Mexico. 45. As shown in Table 24 covering furniture of all materials, a large majority of trade in furniture and parts takes place among industrialized countries. According to an ITC study , the bulk of furniture imports from developing countries consist of wooden furniture (primarily, living room and dining room furniture) and wooden furniture parts and components, as well as rattan and bamboo seating and other furniture. Among the exporting countries of furniture and parts listed in Table 24, main developing 2 countries' exporters include Taiwan Province (China) , Yugoslavia, Hong 2 Kong, Philippines, Singapore, China , Republic of Korea, Thailand, Mexico, Turkey, Brazil, Malaysia and India. The United States is by far the largest market for furniture and parts from developing countries, followed by EEC, Japan, Australia and Canada. Major Import Markets for Wooden Household Furniture, International Trade Centre UNCTAD/GATT, Geneva 1982. 2 China and Taiwan Province are not covered by Tables 19-24. Taiwan's exports of wood articles and furniture amounted to US$451 million and US$721 million respectively in 1984. MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 40 46. Import data for tropical wood and some of their products (sawn wood, veneers and plywood) are available for some countries in terms of cubic meter (Table 25). The table below shows the total of nine countries covered by the table. 1981 1986 3 3 % million m % million m Logs 36.3 43 34.0 36 Sawn Wood 43.8 52 56.2 59 All wood Veneers 0.9 1 1.0 ' 1 Plywood 3.3 4 4.1 4 Total 84.3 100 95.3 100 Logs 18.5 75 14.5 67 Sawn Wood 4.0 16 4.2 19 Tropical 0.4 2 0.4 2 Veneers Wood „, , Plywood 1.9 8 2.6 12 Total 24.8 100 21.7 100 47. As far as these nine countries are concerned, their imports of all 3 wood in four forms increased from 84.3 million m in 1981 to 95.3 million 3 m in 1986. However, their imports of tropical wood decreased from 24.8 3 million to 21.7 million in the period. With regard to tropical wood, the share of sawn wood and plywood increased at the expense of logs. However, the share of sawn wood in tropical wood trade is still much lower than that in all wood trade. 48. A major factor affecting the level of consumption and imports of wood and wood products is new housing construction, which is in turn largely influenced by the general economic situation. Another major factor which Table 25 Imports of tropical wood and tropical wood products by selected importing countries (1981 and 1986) (Unit: 1,000 M3) BELGIUM/ GERMANY NETHER Total FRANCE USA JAPAN LUXEMBURG F.R. ITALY LANDS U.K. AUSTRALIA SINGAPORE 9 countries 1981 Saw + ranker log» total 459 28447 308 1593 1497 3347 269 0.9 352 36273 Coniferous 398 13481 13 91 636 1103 22 0.1 5.0 15750 Hon-coniferous 61 14966 296 1502 861 2244 247 0.8 347 20523 Of which TROPICAL 7.7 14914 100 1449 35L -288_ 126 n.a. 0.6 347 18438 Sawnwood total 21883 3811 1358 2689 4383 5026 2447 1112 1071 437 80 Coniferous 814 21222 3396 905 2096 3664 4019 1789 5-8 37911 Non-ooniferous 661 453 1006 658 298 IO65 415 594 719 5869 Of whioh TROPICAL 429 37 S 155 Vi. 463 J&- 48O 289 IO65 3960 Veneers total 382 29 43 130 128 64 58 20 92 945 |0f whioh TROPICAL 134 27 22 _ZL IL 7.2 23 10 88 394 PITWOCXI total 1310 22 234 292 474 115 475 65 323 3310 Of which TROPICAL 1155 14 53 _mi_ 71 21 142 40 320 1917 (Excluding U.K.) 1986 33,951 Logs total 289.01 27772.22 326.81 1133.55 1476.45 2527.78 309.46 73.17 0.81 114.73 coniferons 208.92 15542.59 16.52 57.47 613.31 873.87 58.43 3.55 0.16 2.35 17,378 non-coniforous 80.09 12229.63 310.29 1076.08 863.14 1648.91 251.03 69.62 0.65 112.38 16,572 14,463 |of which tropical 8.01 12166.38 97.01 1001.54 440.78 504.51 132.47 52.08 112.38 Sawnwood total 33639.47 5476.92 1391.19 2243.96 4465.14 4675.21 2794.68 7607.84 763.35 743.06 56,193 coni ferous 32884.81 4512.66 923.16 1790.09 3697.48 3603.32 2119.63 7003.72 522.59 1.61 50,055 non-coni f erous 754.66 964.26 468.03 453.87 767.66 1071.89 675.05 604.12 240.76 741.45 6,138 jlof which tropical 430.75 820.12 231.81 386.19 501.12 380.51 517.83 415.46 231.11 741.45 4,241 _sBa •s Veneers total 441.37 60.08 J 36.24 138.76 150.03 91.64 48.76 103.10 30.67 998 ID 374 I of which tropical 137.57 53.71 I 15.85 22.23 75.95 28.05 14.37 28.27 26.49 PIywood total 1691.88 354.36 2b7.10 308.42 554.81 114.30 580.35 1199.49 242.90 4,114 3 |of which tropical 1447.59 I 341.76 96.24 160.64 I 09. 1 2 1 1.61 224.62 594.04 24 1.91 2,633 Source: FAO Monthly Bulletin - Trjpisai forest products in v.-v.rld timber trade, December 1981 and 1986. MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 42 will affect the level of future trade in tropical wood would be the supply of such wood. A 1985 report called "Tropical Forests: A Call for Action" by an International Task. Force convened by the World Resources Institute, the World Bank and the UNDP provides the following information on supply prospects: "Developing countries possess nearly half the world's closed forests, but they produce only 21 per cent of its industrial timber. Many developing countries have both large natural forests and ecological conditions that are suitable for fast-growing industrial plantations. However, a decline in the area of accessible commercial forests is causing serious problems. In most of these countries current levels of forest management and reforestation fall far short of what is needed to limit imports and sustain exports. Exports to industrialized countries are very important for some developing countries, but the most critical problem for the future is the growing inability of many countries to meet their domestic needs for industrial forest products. "Imports of forest products by developing countries are increasing sharply, even in such countries as Nigeria, Thailand, and Mexico which should readily be able to supply their own domestic needs. Imports have risen from about US$6 billion in the early 1970s to almost US$10 billion today. "In fourteen developing countries with suitable conditions for an expanded industrial forestry programme, imports of manufactured forest products now total nearly US$4 billion a year. Unless action is taken, this level of imports will continue to rise sharply. "Over the past decade, exports of industrial forest products by developing countries have averaged about US$7 billion (1984 prices) and rank fifth overall in non-oil exports. The value of exports has risen sharply during this time but it is doubtful that this rate of growth will continue unless additional investment is made to sustain the productivity of industrial forest resources. MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 43 "In a number of countries, notably Cameroon, Gabon, Ivory Coast, Malaysia and the Philippines, current rates of timber harvesting and insufficient investment in forest management and reforestation will lead to a sharp decline in exports within 10-15 years. On a smaller scale, the same trend is perceptible in many other countries. In Ghana, for example, exports have fallen from a high of 124 million cubic meters in 1973 to 11 million cubic meters in 1982. "By the end of the century, the thirty-three developing countries that are now net exporters of forest products will be reduced to less than ten, and total developing country exports of industrial forest products are predicted to drop from their current level of more than US$7 billion to less than US$2 billion." SECTION III; Activities of international organizations 49. Several international organizations undertake work which is relevant and complementary to negotiations in the GATT on tropical products. With respect to inter-governmental facilities to compensate for shortfalls in commodity export earnings, the IMF Compensatory Financing Facility and the STABEX programme for ACP countries are noteworthy as measures of financial transfers to stabilize export earnings, while the variety of development projects and financial arrangements to promote and diversify commodity exports are numerous. Certain products in this group are covered by STABEX operations: unmanufactured wood (CCCN 4403, 4404, 4405) and rubber (4001). Food and Agriculture Organization (FAQ) 50. The FAO Commodities and Trade Division pioneered commodity research and techniques for international co-operation in commodities, including natural rubber. This Division, whose activities are geared towards improving the functioning of international trade in agricultural commodities, monitors the world market situation and advises developing countries on the implementation of their national commodity policies. The FAO Forestry Department produces a monthly bulletin on tropical forest products in world timber trade. MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 44 51. Among regional agencies of the United Nations the ECE/FAO Agriculture and Timber Division services the ECE Timber Committee which reviews market developments and economic and technical aspects of the wood processing industry. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) 52. Under United Nations auspices, UNCTAD is a major forum for international commodity action. Its principal achievements have been the Integrated Programme on Commodities (IPC), established as a result of Resolution 93(IV) at UNCTAD IV and the Agreement on the Common Fund for Commodities. Agreements on natural rubber and tropical timber have been established under the Integrated Programme. 53. A new International Agreement on Natural Rubber was formally adopted on 20 March 1987 by the United Nations Conference on Natural Rubber. Seven producers and thirty-three consumers representing about 90 per cent of world trade on natural rubber thus ensured that there would be a successor instrument to the 1979 INRA that expired on 22 October 1987. Ratification by countries representing at least 75 per cent of both exports and imports will be needed before the agreement is operational. Until then, buffer stock price stabilization operations will be suspended. 54. The new agreement has retained the same reference price, 201.66 Malaysia/Singapore cents (about 87 US cents) a kilo and the same intervention prices, "floor" and "ceiling" prices remaining at 150 and 270 cents respectively. The major change in the new agreement is the reference price review mechanism which will now be automatic. If the daily market indication price is above the upper "intervention" price ("may sell") or below the lower ("may buy") for six months, the reference price is adjusted by 5 per cent unless the International National Rubber Council decides on a higher adjustment. As a further step in tailoring the agreement more closely to market developments, price reviews take place every fifteen rather than, as previously, every eighteen months. MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 45 55. The buffer stock remains the sole price stabilization instrument; maximum volume is unchanged at 550,000 tonnes. Financing of the buffer stock is shared equally by producers and consumers according to their respective trade shares within each of the groups; new provisions for borrowing to finance stock purchase. International Tropical Timber Organization 56. Following a resolution of the United Nations Conference on Tropical Timber held in November 1983, the Secretary-General of UNCTAD convened a Preparatory Committee for the first session of the International Tropical Timber Council. Tropical timber is defined as non-coniferous tropical wood for industrial uses which is grown in the tropical zone; the term covers logs, sawnwood, veneer sheets and plywood. The International Tropical Timber Agreement established to provide an effective framework for cooperation and consultation between producing and consuming countries entered into force provisionally on 1 April 1985. The first meeting of the International Tropical Timber Organization took place in Yokahama in March 1987. Members currently numbering forty-one, represent more than 95 per cent of tropical timber trade. 57. In addition to encouraging policies to manage and conserve tropical forests the objectives of the International Tropical Timber Agreement are to (i) provide the expansion and diversification of international trade in tropical timber, (ii) encourage further processing and improve marketing and distribution activities in producing member countries and (iii) improve market intelligence. United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) 58. The Wood and Wood Products Industry is one of the industries included in consultations between developed and developing countries directed towards the industrialization of developing countries. The first consultations which took place in 1983 addressed problems and made recommendations concerning the development of processing industries and the promotion of wood and wood products. MTN.GNG/NG6/W/15 Page 46 International Trade Centre UNCTAD/GATT (ITC) 59. The ITC is the focal point for technical co-operation regarding the promotion of developing countries trade. With respect to rubber the ITC is in the process of implementing a project on Integrated Export Development support in natural rubber products. For tropical timber and timber products ITC is carrying out two multi-year interregional projects on builders wood work and wood-based panels. Various proposals on export development are awaiting financing. International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 60. The ISO has been engaged in standardization work in the field of forestry, timber and wood products since 1947. Several hundred international standards cover aspects such as terminology, classification, dimension and test methods on such products as sawn timber, plywood and furniture. International Rubber Study Group 61. This intergovernmental organization has as its principal objective, the comprehensive compilation of statistical information on production, consumption and trade in natural and synthetic rubber.