Special issue on Women’s Film Festival in Afghanistan - 8 March

A Periodical on human rights and civil society

4th Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 Website: openasia.org E-mail: [email protected] Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/armanshahr.openasia Facebook Armanshahr Publishing: https://www.facebook.com/groups/Armanshahr.Publishing Armanshahr Foundation

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Special issue on Women’s Film Festival in Afghanistan – 8 March Armanshahr, a periodicalIssues 29-30 on human (Year rights IV) and civil society March April 2013

Translation and Editing: Khalil Rostamkhani Interviews : Jawad Darwaziyan Circulation: 20,000 DesignAll rights and are Layout: reserved Kabir for Ahmad the publisher. Neshat

Website: openasia.org E-mail: [email protected] Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/armanshahr.openasia Facebook Armanshahr Publishing: https://www.facebook.com/groups/Armanshahr.Publishing In this issue:

First International peace»...... 4 Women’s Film Festival Afghanistan– Women’s Day • International women’s Film Festival: «Women, most qualified ambassadors of

cinema...... 7 • Interview with Sadiq Barmak: Suffering creates the stories and the stories create

• Women’s cinema in Tajikistan, before and after independence...... 9

• Women’s film festival in Herat, a city without a cinema...... 10 Afghanistan...... 11 • FIDH supports the first-ever International Women’s Film Festival in

• Women’s Film Festival in Herat - Pictures gallery ...... 14 Armanshahr Goftegu debates

• Human rights in deadlock in Afghanistan - Goftegu 103...... 17 • A critique of a decade of support for women - Goftegu 104...... 19 Human Rights

vigorate their engagement to protect human rights in Afghanistan...... 21 • FIDH & Armanshahr: The Afghan government and the whole UN system must rein-

• HRW: Afghanistan: Rights at risk as military drawdown advances...... 22 • UNAMA report on treatment of conflict-related detainees in Afghan custody...... 24

• TJCG: Stop killing civilians and try those responsible!...... 26 and release of Taliban prisoners...... 28 • TJCG: The government should not violate the constitution through peace roadmap

* Other items in the Dari version...... 29

* «City and the War»- Politis asia 14-15 published...... 30 * Armanshahr/OPEN ASIA Publications...... 32 First International Women’s Film Festival – Women’s Day organiser of the Festival,the organiserof filmmaker,and actor leading Dildar, Aziz filmmaker, filmmaker, Saqeb, Diana and actor Rezaei, Aqila Culture, and Information of Ministry Afghanistan’s of of head Afghan Film,Afsar Rahin, culturaldirector Arefi, Ebrahim filmmaker, Afghan Festival,Latif Ahmadi,thecelebratedEng. in Herat andaleadingorganiser of the Network Rights Human and Society Civil the Herat province, Aziza Khayrandish, director of director of Women’s Affairs Department in women first prosecutor inAfghanistan,Jamshidi, Mahbuba the Bashir, Maria Osama, Golden the film for the prize Festival of Cannes the winner and Globe Asian Sadiq first the including and Afghanistan organisera leading Barmak, of the Festival of figures The FilmFestivalhosted celebrated cultural guests oftheFestival. from were India filmmakers and Tajikistan Iran, Afghanistan, Several screened. were Afghanistan and 25 films from other countries films from films 10 which of out countries, 20 from 100 received had Secretariat The Festival attended. people 1500 than More Day. marking8 March, theInternationalWomen’s the ancientcitadelof Herat, 7-9 March 2013, and InternationalWomen’s FilmFestival-Herat» at Jahangiri Guissou Film respectively,First organised «TheSadat Roya by Roya headed and House, Foundation Armanshahr «Women, most qualifiedambassadors ofpeace» International women’s Film Festival: Guissou Jahangiri,director ofArmanshahr support you.» toa cinematheatre build inHeratand we step next the take will you hope, We officials. first other the the of that and support took your with step we Festival, this organising «By speech: closing his in Herat of governor the addressed of Festival, the of secretary director and deputy Amini, Armanshahr Foundation inAfghanistan Rooholamin was therelative calmthatprevails here.” beside its historic and culturalbackground, Festival, the organise to Herat chose we why reasons the of One facing. are they challenges abroadhome and at both to discuss the channel to connectthewomen of Afghanistan oa Sadat Roya the of IAWRT AsianWomen’s FilmFestival. representative and filmmaker Basu, Nupur Tajikistan,Festivaland from Didar the Websitefrom Iran,secretary ZulfiaSadiqof, of Canada, News fromFilms Short the of editor Riahi, Marzieh filmmaker Kiazand, Gelareh Internationalfestivalof the guests included: Afghan young actor. the Etminan, Fereshteh and organising committee oftheFestival winner ofseveralinternationalprizes andamemberofthe filmmakers in Afghanistansincethefallof Taleban, 1 headofRoyaFilmHouse,one thefirstfemale 1 ad «hs etvl s proper a is Festival «This said: Citadel, otherwise knownas theAleksander Festivalwas heldinthehistoric Ekhtiareddin the that basis that on was It important. very emphasis of Heraton theancientstatus was of theFestivalparticipants believedthe that a city with many attractions for tourists. Many of this Festival was thepresentation of Herat as their awareness.aspect Anotheroutstanding of level the raised that experience educating Afghanistan. from films in other countries provided an astonishing and of screening viewed the rarely Consequently, Artistic are men. than films more occasionally and films some of viewers the of half constituted Women women. of participation high-profile a such expect not did We significance. great of this is Day Women’s of International on Festival organising «The stressed: Festival, prizes 2 ayoungdocumentaryfilmmaker andrecipientofmany Elka Sadat, supported thisFestival.» and international40 national than institutions more officials; government even and media of filmmakers, attention people, national and international the attracted Festival first The better. much organised the be will Festivals opinion, next my In land. this of filmmakers were to able save face before the women and time and in theworthiest manner. Indeed, we thebest possibleplace,best held at dimension to thisevent. The Festivalwas and women’s conditions.Thereanother isalso two problematic issues in this society: cinema because we have managed to bring together Afghanistan, in itself in event significant a issues is women’s on festival film «a website: Rooholamin Amini told the Armanshahr haters.» up to harbingers of darkness and peace standing are they facing, are they challenges peace. By of underlining the social problems and ambassadors qualified most the now are years the of of living withwar andsuppression. Women experience long a of outcome women’s participation.This Festival is the our concerns through express theSeventh Artand clearly to needed activists, inequality,cultural Gender historical period in theregion. We, civil and this of characteristics are war and conditions. misogyny critical countries are goingthrough unclearand neighbouring its and «Afghanistan website: committee of the Festival,told theArmanshahr Foundation andmemberoftheorganising 2 h ohr ertr o the of secretary other the for participation andahumanelife. building theambitionsof future generations I hope that this will lay a strong foundation for financial resources are the only requirements. of favour in a cinematheatrebuilding inHerat, but highly «I’m responded: Saba, Shah Dawood Herat, of city the of Governor in power Afghanistan. took Taleban the after destroyed is toIt benotedHerat’s that cinema was the at theatreopening oftheFestival.» cinema Herat’s officials, the end and Ihopewethat in collaboration shall, with the to moment first the from year next promisetoaccompany Festival the organisers «I said: Film, Afghan of head Arefi, Ebrahim Foundation andRoya FilmHouse. Festivalto toand inparticular all Armanshahr Festival.»He congratulated thesuccess of the the women who had thecourage to holdthis their art onthesilver screen. Ibow before thinkers arecaring for still their culture and great of progeny the that noticed I Herat. of in myself remindedI’m this Citadel, of therenaissance see I When Herat. of city historic shoulder with my sisters, in the lovable ancient to shoulder wish, my was Festival,which this am greatly honoured to take part in organising «I saying:Festival, the praised Barmak Sadiq of history the in eventAfghanistan’s cinemainancientHerat.» great a witness to closing ceremony, stated: «It is a great honour Latif Ahmadi,oneof the speakers of the can we changethe society.» the beyond average level of go the audience. Only in that case that films screen to courage havemust wethe alone; pulse society’s the to ourselves restrict not should «We explained: the organising committee oftheFestival screened and However, chosen pulse.» society’s «the to view a with be should films that fringe oftheFestival,some peoplecommented one oftheroundIn discussions on the table Festival, especially to women filmmakers.» and I sincerely congratulate the success of this the presenting of suffering impact of Afghan women the by means feelof cinema deeply I many participants and international coverage. Film Festivalin Herat on 8March, so with honour to see theInternationalWomen’s great a is «It said: Festival, the of ceremony Bashir,Maria Ms who tookin theclosing part Citadel.» Armanshahr 4th Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 29-30 5 «I thank Armanshahr Foundation for its great women’sFestival, my issue heart and beat breaking faster theand silence I wish toabout say Filmwork Housein Afghanistan for their in endeavours the past few to years, organise and itwhat is a an universal honour itmatter is for meand to we support are connected you. The thisconsistently Festival.» serving culture. I also thank Roya to each other.» Awarding two memorial plates to Guissou to a conclusion with a concert of local music at The International women’s film Festival came Jahangiri and Roya Sadat, he said: «I hereby musicians of Afghanistan. Filmexpress House.» appreciation for all the cultural the yard of the Herat Citadel by 10 celebrated A large number of the media outlets gave activities of Armanshahr Foundation and Roya Some of the participants and guests spoke coverage to the reports of the Festival including to the media. One of the viewers, Khaled Radio, Herat Radio and Television, Asia the local ones such as Mujda Radio, People’s Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 March Issues 29-30 Year,

th hasQaderi, changed told theafter BBC: attending «Even though this Festival, I am a 4 noticingsocial activist, women’s my viewenthusiastic of the women’s participation issue Television, Sheherazad (Girls) Radio, Camera monthly, Ettifaq Islam daily, Asr Television, The international media included: BBC an impact that made me notice the wider Tolo Television, and Porsesh weekly. Persian Service, Radio Farda, Agence France dimensionsand watching of thewomen’s films. issue.»These films had such China Post, Agura Voice, Radio France International,Presse, Huffington Zamaneh Post Live,Radio, Voice France of America, Culture Zulfia Sadiqof, actor and deputy director of Didar Film Festival of Tajikistan, referring to the final film screened in Herat’s Film Festival, Radio, Pakistan’s Express Tribune and Dawn Afghanistan«Rashton Bread» would also made be able by to Shadi bake bread Saleh service,dailies, theFrance UK daily 24 Television, Independent, Swiss the GenevaFrench from Tajikistan, hoped that the women of El magazine, German Deutsche Welle Persian Armanshahr for the weddings of their children free from 29-30 (Iran), a number of online websites from Iran, VietnamTribune, and UNAMA, other Shortcountries. Films News Website 6 gender-based discrimination and be happy. video message of congratulation and support The Festival organisers promised to celebrate On the final day of the Festival, there was a and Oscar nominee, in Los Angeles. She said: from Paola di Florio, documentary maker the International Women’s Day with a greater number of firms from different parts of the «When I heard the news of the Women’s Film world in next year’s Festival. a film projector. The films screened at the time after his tripto Europe, when hebrought back Khan ofcinema duringtherule Amanullah The people of Afghanistan came to know Afghanistan’s cinema. haveLet’s aglance atwomen’s presence in Interview withSadiqBarmak f h Cne Fsia pie n the and prize Golden Globe Festival Cannes the of Afghan Barmak Sadiq filmmaker, winner Suffering creates the stories andthe stories create cinema hns uhd h pol aa fo the from away people government. the pushed things on thestageandappear ontheTV. These dance and sing to forced were girls and Boys Cinema andtheatre wereideological. inpart on theother.disappointment one handand The post 1978 events ledto progress on the directed television drama pieces. and films made and emerged Anvari,Farideh act and play roles until a successful filmmaker, to Womenallowedwere time. the at exist not women. However, thecurrent freedoms did against violence about weremade films Some men acted therole ofwomen intheatre. which menandwomen acted. Prior to that, in films artistic make to people of number a Afghan Film.This prepared theground for present the is which films, news for studio a and feature film. In 1965, the Americans documentary made a of combination a was which time and made a film called the Eagle in 1962, set off developments inmusicandtheatrethe at A vanguard young man, Fayz Mohammadzadeh, for afilmto bemade. and brought back and it would take six months taken to the US or other countries to be edited were made were that films The trips. and life his about made be to films liked Shah Zahir invited to actinthefilms. cinema andtheatre andIndianwomen were Hashem Khan’s fall.Women were absent from they made a film whereand screened it in India, Kabul after to fled and scared were artists Hashem andthetheatreKhan was closed. The piece ofdrama,made acritical which angered to down calm Some oftheartists the public. opportunity for the media, theatre and cinema 1948, some dependent ontheBritishopenedup in made was economicallywaswho Khan Hashem because film Afghan first The cinema was closed. University’s War the Subsequently, and threatenedsummoned HashemKhan him. ambassador British the cadets, Army screened the for being was about army German documentary Nazi a the when II War World during instance, For censored. heavily were Armanshahr 4th Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 29-30 7 structure was on the side of the cinema,

thoughIn my opinion, some of manythem likeof our Massoud miseries supported started religion, the power structure opposed it. cinema)at that time. and Then then the the mujahedin dark chapter came of (even the religion opposed it; if it came to terms with Taleban began. structure opposed the cinema. Occasionally, both the clergy and the power To look beyond Afghanistan, one can see Did the new wave of male and female two approaches to women: as a wife and as filmmakers of the past decade leave an a human being equal to man. How was the impact on cinema? situation in Afghanistan? The educated generation has come forward.

to enter this stage. She comes from Herat, a isThings the same have all changed over the not world. only Traditionsin Afghanistan and For instance, Roya Sadat was the first person but in many countries. Patriarchal approach it. In Afghanistan, on the one hand women duringcity where the lotsTaleban. of things It was happened. here where Even shethe Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 March Issues 29-30 Year,

th arereligions the principal occasionally decision-makers strengthen or at weaken home, Herat Literary Society operated clandestinely 4 even in the remotest villages. The patriarchal and torture of a woman. Things also occurred approach arises from the fear of woman’s inmade Kabul, «Three which Points», do not the have story much of the value suffering from

is the sense of proprietorship. We still look at cinema. superiority. Men are jealous. The other issue artistic point of view, but they also helped Sahra Karimi and others begin working women as commodity. We also have a sense Then other filmmakers such as Diana Saqeb, of inferiority and this feeling leads to cultural invasion. For example, during the Russian becausein Herat, women Kabul can and put Mazar. forward The the few suffering good rule, there were many freethinking girls who thatdocumentaries men are incapable have been of telling. made by women, took courageous steps, but they wore the head Armanshahr scarf. When we questioned them, they would Why have filmmakers mainly concentrated 29-30 arereply: intellectual «I want to outside prove thethat home I am.» and They leave tied it on women’s issues? Did they do it on their identity to fanaticism. Our intellectuals purpose or were they influenced by 8 aside at home. foreigners?

These issues also played a role in the cinema. They enjoy every film when they watch it, but When you have no other choice, you speak their family should not be involved. I know divorce.up and In express South yourAfrica, discontent. AIDS has become In South a many male actors who allowed their sisters nationalKorea, theycatastrophe concentrate and cinema on families deals with and to act as well, but after a couple of films they it. Afghanistan’s cinema has to deal with the decided to leave Afghanistan, because they did pains, because these pains create the stories. not feel safe. In one case, a family forced their As a human being, I’m at pain to see that daughter to go out with chador, because they our cinema feeds the people with suffering. could not tolerate it. Nobody was prepared to However, we have to narrate those pains. marry their daughter. In my opinion, actors, and female actors in That is the reason why the writer, the poet particular, make the greatest sacrifice today. countries, even in our neighbouring countries, and everybody else deal with women’s issue. Those problems existed in many Oriental Even love comes through the misery, because women are the beginning to everything in such as Iran, Pakistan and Tajikistan. For Afghanistan. One of the dialogues in Atiq womeninstance, who nobody did wasnot preparedhave good to reputation.act in films toRahimi’s the issues film thatgoes we like have this: to «Men, tell. Catastrophe who do not Then,in Iran the for anew while. wave Finally, cinema filmmakers emerged used in appearsknow how when to make there love,is no fight.»human This relationship leads us between man and woman at home and Iran, and great filmmakers such as Taqvaei, Bayzaei and Kiarostami, made good films, in outside it. Half the equation in Afghanistan is which a number of women dared play. Today, the peace in the family and woman’s peace. if you want to make a film, thousands of girls Otherwise, men fight. are prepared to play. This did not happen in Afghanistan. For example, if the power Institute inMoscow Theatre the and Institute Arts Fine the at studied Sodykova Didor Ms the Festival, Film International of secretary and artist Sodykova Tajik Zulfia Ms e, .. we Hmln, aho Bread Rashton Homeland, Sweet e.g. by made men, been have them of Most problems. towomen’s approach accurate and taken realistic have a which independence, after made however,are,documentaries memorableThere but they were independence, of low after quality and made not professional. were films Feature the after women Soviets rule? to approach the was How Soviet rule. the during films severalportrayed in weretasks and Women’sfilms. issues Soviet the by helped mostly been has society the in Women’sstatus the theatre. in work actors women Most scriptwriters. and elsewhere. There are still few female female filmmakers Prominent country and to go to France, Belarus, Russia and films. the directors were forced by the civil war in to leave the presence many problems, in particular regarding women’s facing Tajikistanis in cinema contemporary The rule ofIslam,was unableto free itselfquickly. the traditional Tajik society, which was under the because films, present-day in reflected The is issue cinema. and theatre in courageous quite to freedom was to leave aside the to hijab. This was women on participate in social activities called and one of the keys government Soviet the time, that At 1929. in Tajikistan’sbegan cinema great respect for women filmmakers. traditions are still in place.The Tajik people have Russian some women, of status the Regarding international prizes andgood films by Iskandar Osmanov. 13 the won e.g. which Uprising, abroad, Russian screened been have which films, also are There Mowlana. Khorso, Nassir

Interview withMsZulfiaSodykova s filmmakers. as and women women aswomen, Tajikistancinema: women’s in issue aspects to the There are two before independence? in cinema Tajik-istan’s progress women did How Women’s cinemainTajikistan, before and after independence 1 , Women’s Festival-Herat on9 March 2013. theTajik filmmaker, Salih, and was Shadi by screened in the International made was film This 1 ----- against their women. violence commit not should they and lip smiling a with beautiful more is life watchingthat people few a women be a great teach and films those if people the forachievement itwould men to myself I thought saw films, I When are thingsthat war doesto people. These Ivan’s Childhood. of particular in cinema, Tarkovsky’sof me reminds This woman. a being being for women. pride Here, however, take Womena young woman. girl is a fed up be with to a from heard Tajikistanin woman wish not neverdid she saythatto had I cried. I woman!» a created been not had I wish «I saying: poem a recited girl young 12-13 a programme, recital This is very difficult. When we attended a poetry watched people the and side. other the on films side one the on explosion aplace an at was there where held was festival The place. one in In my entire life, seenthree not Ihad explosions International the Women’s from FilmFestival-Herat? take your was What to come not do Tajikistan. they that God to pray I said: reviewer One were are. Taleban the the and who Afghanistan mujahedin know not from did Tajiks many films screened, these When Karimi). Patience Stone (Atiq Rahimi) and Nassima (Sahra films were offered Two by Afghanistan and both won prizes: The year. last women about films how festival, the for not would the people see those films? wereWe had many it If best. the We receive films from many countries and select the vacuum inTajikistan’s cinema? InternationalDidor the Has Film Festival in filled are any obstacles. insultedpressuredor yet.me therethink don’t I has Nobody etc. dancing singing, sculpture, as such sectors various in active are women Tajik activities? women’sartistic block fundamentalists the Do Armanshahr 4th Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 29-30 9 Women’s film festival in Herat, a city without a cinema

not have a cinema theatre. This was a festival want the Afghan cinema to progress, because The Women’s Film Festival for a city that does Barmak believes: «The authorities do not Women in pursuit of cinema, cinema that Armanshahr Foundation and Roya Film they do not care for this art.» pursuing women House organised for 8 March. 30 films made festivalby women and fromeducational Afghanistan, workshops Iran, Tajikistanwere also and India were screened during the three-day win a greater share of the Afghan cinema. Under these circumstances, women want to

Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 March Issues 29-30 Year, organised. The city does not have a theatre th were in a higher class in comparison with 4 festivalwith a screen did not where have filmsa competition can be screened section andbut The films that were screened in this festival it is known as the city without a cinema. The followed the classical and narrative tradition inothers, Afghanistan. although a couple of those films it is due to have one in subsequent years. great impact on Herat. We hope it will go on Roya Sadat says: «The Festival can leave a interested in cinema.» every year and encourage women who are

wasThe festivalconsiderable. was received I even quite saw pairswell. Duringwho were the sittingtwo days on Ithe was chairs there, in women’sone of the participation halls of the Armanshahr 29-30 were documentaries produced about women inHerat various Citadel countries. and watching films. Most films 10

Afghanistan unlike its neighbouring countries. The cinemareligious industryrulers were has notnot grownon good in The city’s historical citadel was the Festival’s venue developments in 2001, there were hopes that itterms would with grow cinema. similar Nevertheless,to other aspects. after the One could even trace the Bollywood type sentiments in some of the Afghan films and the question remained why only the tears, laughs and punch-ups had found their way Gelareh, an Iranian filmmaker, says: «lots of into the Afghan films. notthings know have the not audience been defined for which in thethe Afghan of thought and art in the Afghan cinema. cinema. One significant point is that one does I spoke to some filmmakers about the status

filmmakers make films. Most of the films in smiledThey believed and asked: that In the this first cinema? concern In should these Afghanistan are only narratives of the society.» conditions?be to find funding for the films. Some of them Sadiq Barmak, the Afghan filmmaker, says: «One of the big problems facing the cinema in and cinema has not declined. In a stroll in the Afghanistan is the lack of sufficient funds.» On Nevertheless, the people’s interest in films the other hand, many foreign donors provide selling DVDs on the pavements. funds for filmmaking projects. However, it is streets of Herat, one can see many vendors obvious that those films are made only to win the project. Their quality is very low. There are notNow, be the far-off women if the are government, seeking in thethis religiouscinema- also the documentaries, but the documentary funds, to resources and research. less city to revive the cinema and films. It will filmmakers have many problems ranging from Another reason for the decline of the cinema groupshttp://www.bbc.co.uk/persian/ and the artists join hands.

industry is the approach of the authorities. afghanistan/2013/03/130311_mar_haqiqi_cinema.shtml of Afghan civil society and express Afghanof civil society international will occasionbe aunique tothe highlight vitality Afghanistan in organization member FIDH’s Foundation, Armanshahr of Director Executive Jahangiri, today’sin Afghanistan, challenges for women, heralds a breakthrough This them. festival, organized inacontext fullofrisksand seeing without sometimes basis, awareness onproblems people face onadaily will Women’s which take place from 7to 9March inHerat Afghanistan, International in Festival Film of first-ever eve the the On – 2013 International Women’s Day, FIDH supports March 6 Paris, FIDH Press Release The Herat International Women’sFilm Festival The cinemais a powerful medium to raise Paris, 6March 2013-Ontheeve ofInternational Women’s Day, FIDHsupports the first-ever International Women’s FilmFestival inAfghanistan, which will Launch oftheHerat International Women’s Film Festival: international solidaritywiththe women ofAfghanistan take place from 7to 9March inHerat. stated Guissou rv voain o wmns ua rights. human The festival’s organisers women’s intend to remind the of violations grave thethe - has been country recenttheatre of of Herat -aselsewherecity The ancient in North-East in Alexander, Afghanistan. of Citadel the as will It partners. the Heratheld at be knownCitadel, also media and organizations the support of40humanrights andwomen’s with House, Armanshahr Film Roya by and Foundation initiated was festival The Belhassen, FIDHPresident toleranceAfghanistan, in actors andcontribute to promotingpeace and women areonly victims;they not are also Afghan conflict. by torn remains that country with thesolidarity plightofAfghanwomen ina Supported by: ocue Souhayr concluded Armanshahr 4th Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 29-30 11 Afghan people of a peaceful society. with international obligations. 3. Strengthen the

“The cinema is a powerful medium to raise effective participation formal of women justice system, including by ensuring basis, sometimes without seeing them. This the awareness on problems people face on a daily in the judiciary, and their effective challenges for women, heralds a breakthrough function.protection necessary to ensure festival, organized in a context full of risks and 4. Ensurefree and that independent women’s exercise rights areof their not used as bargaining chips in peace in today’s Afghanistan”, stated Guissou negotiations with the Taliban and Jahangiri, Executive Director of Armanshahr Afghanistan. other stakeholders. “TheFoundation, Herat FIDH’sInternational member Women’s organization Film in Three questions to Guissou Jahangiri,

Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 March Issues 29-30 Year, Executive Director of Armanshahr

th Festival will be a unique occasion to highlight

4 Foundation the vitality of Afghan civil society and express FIDH international solidarity with the plight of initiative? Afghan women in a country that remains G.J: The: What Festival’s has been Secretariat the response received from about film totorn promotingby conflict. Afghanpeace womenand tolerance are not onlyin directors to your victims; they are also actors and contribute FIDH President. 100 films from national and international Co-Afghanistan,”Presidents concludedof the Herat Souhayr International Belhassen, film directors, in particular women film- Women’s Film Festival makers. Many of them will be screened Afghanduring the Festival. Members of the Advisory Team Filminclude Festival internationally and Golden Globe renowned award-winner film makers such as Seddiq Barmak (Cannes Armanshahr 29-30 for the film Osama). Paris-based writer, Atiq 12 hasRahimi, also supported whose new the filminitiative. Sangue-e sabour (Patience stone) is currently being screened, Festival will not be a competitive event, but willThis provide year, a the platform Herat-International and space to discuss Film issues concerning women, in the belief that the

will contribute to changing the perception Guissou Jahangiri, Executive Director of ofparticipation women’s rolesof dedicated in a traditional women filmmakers and war- Armanshahr Foundation/OPEN ASIA and Roya Sadat, Director of Roya Film House selected opportunitiestorn society. Aside for roundtable from the screeningdiscussions of andthe In the post-Taliban era, despite the films, the Festival will also provide establishment of new bodies for the protection , as well as sightseeing tour of of women’s rights, women have continued historicalcritiques ofsites the of films, Herat educational. workshops to endure grave FIDHfor film-makers: What has been the involvement of women and girls has remained widespread. Afghan civil violations; violence against FIDH and Armanshahr Foundation reiterate G.J House havesociety? to strengthen support to the future of : Armanshahr Foundation and Roya Film their calls to the international community Afghanistan and call on the Government of funding for mobilisedthe festival. in-country In-kind assistance support Afghanistan to: and have not received any international 1. Ensure that acts of violence against Governmentaland solidarity bodies from numeroussuch as the local Afghan NGOs and prosecuted in accordance with and institutions have also been mobilized., the women are effectively investigated international obligations. Provincial Council of Herat and the Afghanistan 2. Abolish laws that discriminate against IndependentMinistry of Human Information Rights andCommission Culture have women supported the initiative. In addition, other and bring laws into conformity do so. to us obliges security of lack countries if, to ourregret, the Festivalin neighbouring we couldimagineholding years, future In exchanges, regionally. peaceful both inside for exposing ideas and creating aforum to view communities to diverse a with Day, InternationalWomen’ s o e ed every the occasionof8 held be to G.J: Thefestivalis scheduled instability inAfghanistan? of such afestivalgiven the FIDH covering theevent. BBC service language Zamaneh andthePersian the Amsterdam-based Radio Newspaper,Daily Sobh 8 TV, in Afghanistanstation TOLO most populartelevision withAfghan The womenthe 7thart. and solidarity Festivalproofas a of their Film) have supported the production entities (Afghan Film,Barmak film and News-Asia- Iran) Film Short the InternationalFestival,Film Tajikistan DIDOR India, the Women’sAsian Festival- Film regional festivals (9thIAWRT : What is the future: What h cuty and country the er on year, th March, will be will

Armanshahr 4th Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 29-30 13 Women’s Film Festival in Herat - Pictures gallery

The ancient Citadel of Herat/Shemiran Citadel hosted the Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 March Issues 29-30 Year,

th International Festival 4 Women›s participation in the Festival was remarkable

Armanshahr 29-30 cinema described the festival has an important event in the Information and Culture read out the minister’s message to 14 Eng Latif Ahmadi, a well-known figure in Afghanistan’s Afsar Rahbin, cultural director of the Ministry of history of the country›s cinema the opening ceremony

concerns Fortunately there were no problems despite security The Festival was established jointly by Armanshahr Foundation and Roya Film House

presents to the guests Davood Shah Saba, governor of Herat, gave the Festival›s Ms Maria Bashir, the first women prosecutor in Afghanistan, told the closing ceremony of the Festival that she was happy to see it organised in Herat Thedomesticandinternational mediareported onallthree Several educationalworkshops were organised for activists ofcinema,radio andtelevision onthefringeofFestival. festival enthusiastically. More than 1,500peopletook part Aqila Rezaei, Afghan filmmaker andactor, was aguest of Oneoftheworkshops was ledby MsNupurBasufrom The publicreceived the days oftheFestival the Festival India The Festival›s brochure was presented ontheopeningday HeadofAfghan Filmandgovernor ofHerat expressed hope SadiqBarmak,thefirstAsianwinner ofGoldenGlobeand committee oftheFestival was oneofthespeakers atthe Tajikistan andaguestoftheHerat Festival, received her CannesFestival›s prizeanda memberoftheorganising thatacinematheatre would beopened inHerat inthe MsZulfia Sodykova, secretary ofDIDORFestival of present from thegovernor ofHerat closing ceremony coming years attended theFestival intheir Anumberofwomen traditional attire Armanshahr 4th Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 29-30 15

the organising committee of the Festival, was one of the Fereshta Etminan,attended Afghan the actor, Festival and Mazieh Riahi, Aziz Dildar,lecturers Kabul University of educational professor workshops and a member of secretary of the Short Films News Website from Iran Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 March Issues 29-30 Year, th 4

at the Festival Armanshahr Women were the central issue in most of the films screened 29-30 Famous local musicians performed at the closing ceremony

16

According to guests and participants the Festival was successful received wide coverage in international media The First International women›s Film Festival-Herat

Organisers of the festival informed the media of the festivals goals and programs in a news conference a day before its opening ceremony suicide attacks and violated women’s rights. in children used They civilians. the attacking criticised the Taleban’s operations in2012 for Ms Heather Barrsaidinher address: We Human Rights Focus Organisation). (executiveAzaryounMatin Mr and directorof of minister (Deputy interior for gender,rights human andchildren) Sabour Omar Seyyed Mr Parliament), of (Member Behzad Ahmad Barr (HRW researcher in Afghanistan), Mr Speakers of the meetingincludedMsHeather 14-15.” asia 12-13”; and “War and the city: Politis asia “Prison, prisonersrights: andhuman Politis Foundation”; Armanshahr and Rights Human for Federation International of report joint Drawdowna Military by Armanshahr: “Human Rights as at Crossroads, Risk Advances”of threeand publication books new titled at Watch Rights “Rights Human by report a of meeting coincided public with thepublication FebruaryThis 2013. 7 French on Institutethe rightsHuman Afghanistan» indeadlock in was held with the title of «One step to collapse? Armanshahr’s 103rd Goftegudebate public Human rights indeadlockAfghanistan Goftegu 103 international courts? try the suicide attackers in not they do Why rampantnationwide. sacrificed. Insecurity is of Afghanistan are the people peace but world isliving in in Afghanistan. The This is a war imposed whoneeds still help. year-oldchild 10 likea is Afghanistan years. reconstructed in 10 be cannot years 40 of destroyed in the A course been war. has that country of in years 30 destroyed were country our of foundation the and cities Our said: minister interior deputy Sabour,the Mr local policehave alsocommitted abuses. treated the prisoners Bagram.at The Afghan and American forces. The American troops ill ISAF by raids night in killed also are Civilians province. Parwan in woman a executed They new warstrategy. chance toshapea and gainedthe Taleban disappeared thousands ofthe crimes. Inthatyear, of committingwar who wereaccused was usedbypeople war. Theagreement new coalitionfor agreement, buta not shapeapeace Conference did The FirstBonn

Armanshahr4th Year, Goftegu Issues 29-30 March debates - April 2013 activists in the ranks of the police and the He went on: There are 500 human rights and courts do not comply with the law, how all other detainees. can we expect the common people to comply police brings to justice its members as well as with the law? If nobody listens to the people, He did not mention the number of the police Criticising the people, the government and they will take action by different means. who have been detained for human rights abuses, but he argued we will not progress that the lack of a law to other countries, he asserted: Our society is not towards democracy ban torture is one of the healthy. Human rights can be implemented in if the rights of the problems that prevents a healthy society; in a sick society, everybody an end to torture. will be infected. We are a society plagued with victims are ignored. despotism. We do not respect humanity and In the opinion of we would be excommunicated if we criticised. Reconciliation Mr Sabour, the poor How many books are published in Afghanistan between criminals economic conditions of Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 March Issues 29-30 Year, about human beings every year? th the families, absence government does not see the people as

4 will not lead to of the rule of law, He argued: we are still subjects. The peace; reconciliation between criminals the failure to make citizens but as subjects. Torture does not properunemployment, use of mines, and isprevail torturer. in prison Foreigners only. Thehave government given Afghanistan forces and victims shall people to live in caves; and such a government lead to peace. are the reasons for the Victims must be the increasedagriculture violence. and industry a lot of assistance, but the distribution policy was corrupt. More money was spent where focus of the peace there was more fighting. Herat, referred to the .process achievementsMr Behzad, MPin the for ifHuman the rights rights activistof the Azaryounvictims are Matin ignored. said: we will not progress towards democracy Armanshahr Reconciliation between criminals will not lead 29-30 achievements? past 10 years and and victims shall lead to peace. Victims must 18 raised his question: how can we retain those beto the peace; focus reconciliation of the peace process. between criminals the most people inclined to leave. Offenders In his opinion, Afghanistan is a country with did not shape a peace agreement, but a new He explained: The First Bonn Conference are not prosecuted; only 20 from 100 people who were accused of committing war people.offenders are detained; out of those 20, two coalition for war. The agreement was used by are interrogated and they are defenceless disappeared and gained the chance to shape a crimes. In that year, thousands of the Taleban He asked: if government officials, prosecutors new war strategy. Goftegu 104 countries, they exchangedtheycattle. countries, with women inChina,India andother Asian In thepast, Excerpts from theaddress madeby MrAlawi: what shallwe do? advances? haveWhat we done, what are we doing and any about brought particular, in fewin thepast decades, decade and inthelast activities directedachieving at women’s rights roots ofviolenceagainst women? Have the Have we thoughtthe with and dealt about There were difficult questions to be discussed: Democracy Organisation). and Rights Human Afghanistan of (executivedirector Besharat Khodadad Mr Saqeb and activist), rights women’s Diana and (filmmaker Ms activist), rights (women’s Alawi Nooreddin women’s rights activist), MsSaharMotallebi Mr by(sociologist), Ms Homeira Ghaderi (writer and addressed was people, 2013. 100 nearly by March attended meeting, The 4th on School Esteqlal the of in hall House Film Roya and Afghanistan in held was in collaborationthe French with Institute Day, Woman’s marking - citizens debate -abridgebetween theelite andthe Armanshahr’s 104th Goftegu public What have we done, what are we what doing, A critiqueofadecadesupportforwomen shall we do? production ofideasandthought. in culturaland socialissues,never but in occasionally We engagedissues,other times inpoliticalat causes. the not effects the noted mainly we years, 10 past the In world. of women’s movements inother parts of the in women have Afghanistan who can becompared to leaders not do we Unfortunately, serious attention to women. priority was given to security and it prevented Afghanistan. After the arrivalof theinternationalforces, the in commodity as viewed been havethey women, havebeen there as long Ms As by made address Ghaderi: the from Excerpts of our society. understanding clear a women’s status andfeel humanfreedom in obtain may we this is done on thebasisof academic standards, If culture. and sociologyphilosophy, religion, our of understanding our review seriously to stoning arationaldecree inourtime?We need Is Afghanistan. in violence psychological and physical other and blood for exchange in day every women the of sacrificing the note We Armanshahr 4th Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 29-30 19 There has never been a political will to achieve women’s rights. The government of we never considered that those 68 women womenwould unwittingly in parliament sign who documents defended that the would Shiite ofAfghanistan Women’s Affairs spends is allan itsorganisation power on onsecurity, paper. Personaldestroy women’sStatus Law. lives. Women They posed were also mostly the which we have not achieved yet. The Ministry biggest problems regarding the Marriage Law, the Children Law etc. As long as I can achieve With their actions, the Islamists have pushed We are facing sexual apartheid in Afghanistan. something for being a woman, nothing will be achieved for women. All the restrictions oppose them and did not dare do it. 20% of on women should be lifted and that can be womenus away livefrom in genuine the cities Islam. and Wethe could rest innever the

achieved only through sustained education. incountryside. the farms. They always have a child on their Besharat: back or in their belly. They work at home and Excerpts from the address made by Mr Attention to women’s issues in the past 10 Women entered the social, cultural and Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 March Issues 29-30 Year, th 4 a few workshops. However, we need political, cultural,years has economic been limited and to social a few pamphletsdetermination and political arenas for the first time under TheAmanullah peak came Khan, under but theythe Taleban. were defeated The same by forceshardline have groups opposed who always women opposed in the women. past Sahar Motallebi, the other speaker, said: “In to achieve sexual awareness. decade. us of the suffering of women. We should Women have occupied important positions my opinion, stating the problems reminds role. There is more development and national worldwide is 17% on average, but that ratio is incomeconsider thewhere changes women’s where participationwomen played isa in the past 10 years. Women’s participation a simplistic view of their own issues. Women 28% in Afghanistan. Nevertheless, they have Armanshahr waited for the government to enforce the laws 29-30 ithigher. passed. The However, other issue 90% is that of the we peoplehave always who have never viewed the existence of extremist 20 not the government. More education should forces as a problem. A strategy is missing The problem with the international violated women’s rights are ordinary men within all women’s organizations. people.” be provided to the children and the young community is that they concentrated on a Afghanistannumber of women government and their lacks NGOs commitment and ignored to Excerpts from the address made by Ms Diana women.the majority The governmentof women. On leadership the other hashand, made the Saqeb: instrumental use of women. On the one hand, The women’s institutions were active mainly on the other hand, to win aid from foreigners. hasfrom been 2001-2006 more disappointment and the people and had we more are Thethey government have tried to has appease sought the to extremistswin assistance, and, headinghope for for improvement. Talebanisation. Since 2006, there but it has lacked a moral and ideological The massive funds that arrived in Afghanistan commitment.

havein the institutions past 10 years registered made the for women’s that issue purpose.profitable. Thus, Many we people remained rushed at the to surface and forgot the foundations and the rotting cultural pillars.

becameThe workshops processes. did not bring any solution and the projects never Women have problems concerning

positiveliteracy, discrimination economy and that politicalallowed leadership. We were happy with

us to elect 25% female MPs, but The Afghan governmentFIDH &and Armanshahr: the whole UN system must reinvigorate their engagement to protect human rights in Afghanistan 22 March 2013

Last Tuesday, the UN Security Council renewed the mandate of the United Nations Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) until 19 March 2014. FIDH and Armanshahr Foundation/OPEN Human Rights ASIA, in a joint paper released today, welcome this mandate renewal, but urge the Afghan government and the rest of the United Nations system, including the Human Rights Council, to take all necessary measures to increase their engagement to protect and promote human rights in Afghanistan. This increased engagement is especially important in light of the upcoming period of transition in Afghanistan that will be marked by presidential elections and the withdrawal of the NATO-led International Security Assistance Force in 2014. UNAMA’s new mandate includes calls for more resources to be allocated to the mission, and enhancing of UNAMA’s role in coordinating and promoting the coherence of UN funds, programmes and agencies in Afghanistan. It also highlights human rights as a key to build peace in the country. “Still, the human rights situation in Afghanistan remains particularly worrying and we can only predict its further deterioration in the absence of an ambitious plan by the international community to protect and promote human rights. It is clear that the Afghan government has so withoutfar been internationalunable to effectively support,” establish said Guissou the rule Jahangiri, of law, secure director democratic of Armanshahr institutions, Foundation/ ensure the separation of powers and eradicate corruption in Afghanistan; it won’t be able to do so “Among other things, the Afghan government and its partners must take action to protect OPEN ASIA. civilian populations from attacks by insurgents; massively invest in programs aiming at preventing gender-based violence and promoting women’s role in society; and put an end to persistent impunity and discrimination in the justice system. The recent release of Afghan Afghanistan”,Taliban prisoners, she added. including significant figures, to push the reconciliation process forward, could only deepen this culture of impunity and pose serious threats to sustainable peace in

“The engagement of United Nations Special Procedures in Afghanistan has been nonexistent thefor years.last Working The mandate Group ofreport the lastwas Independent presented in Expert 2009. onEach human mandate rights issued in Afghanistan thorough expired in 2005, the last report on Afghanistan by a Special Rapporteur was in 2008, and recommendations, which unfortunately remain far from being implemented. Since 2009, no Special Procedures have been able to visit the country, in spite of repeated requests emanating inter alia from the Special Rapporteur on Torture and from the Working Group on Arbitrary Detentions,” said Souhayr Belhassen, FIDH president. In light of NATO’s forthcoming withdrawal from Afghanistan, the Human Rights Council and establishmentother United Nations of an independent bodies must actmechanism to send a monitoring clear message the to evolution the international of the human community rights situationto remain and strongly providing engaged technical in Afghanistan. assistance The to theUN HumanAfghan governmentRights Council to shouldstrengthen consider the rule the

Download the report here: of law in the country. http://www.fidh.org/spip.php?action=telecharger&arg=6462 Afghanistan: Rights at risk as military drawdown advances Foreign Donors Should Bolster Civil Society, Protections for Women February 1, 2013

(London) – Afghanistan [2]’s human rights situation remained poor, with deterioration in some areas, and growing concerns for the Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 March Issues 29-30 Year, th

4 future, Human Rights Watch said today in its World Report 2013 [3]. In 2012, US-led foreign military forces began a drawdown as part of a major reduction set to be reached in 2014. assessed progress on human rights during the In its 665-page report, Human Rights Watch

past year in more than 90 countries, including The Afghan government under President an analysis of the aftermath of the Arab Spring.

spring 2012, 400 women and girls were in Hamid Karzai continued to allow rights- Armanshahr controlledabusing warlords areas. The and rights corrupt of Afghan officials women to 29-30 operate with impunity in government- prison and juvenile detention for the “moral after 2001, suffered rollbacks in 2012 due notcrimes” being of runninga crime awayunder from Afghan home law or and sex 22 and girls, which improved significantly outside marriage, despite running away

forcesto security continued deterioration to commit inunlawful several attacks parts serious deficiencies in due process in these targetingof the country. civilians Taliban and failing and otherto discriminate insurgent cases. Large areas of Afghanistan still rely between civilians and combatants. on traditional justice mechanisms that can Although women have attained some subject women to gross brutality. “The future of human rights protections in leadership roles in Afghan government and Afghanistan are in grave doubt,” said Brad Adams [4], Asia director at Human Rights and members of parliament, Afghan women Watch. “Corruption, little rule of law, poor civil society since 2001, including as judges governance, and abusive policies and practices Talibanand girls and continue other insurgent to face everydayforces. abuses. of their rights.” Many have been specifically targeted by deprive the country’s most vulnerable citizens Growing international fatigue with government’s Department of Women’s Affairs Afghanistan has reduced political pressure inNajia the Sediqi,eastern theprovince acting of head Laghman, of the was Afghan shot on the government to protect and promote rights, Human Rights Watch said. Despite traveled to work in December. That same pledges of goodwill and support, international and killed by an unknown gunman as she commitments to defending basic rights in vaccination campaign volunteer, was shot to month, Anisa, a 22-year-old student and polio women in public life were targets of attack in Afghanistan have already shrunk and are 2012.death in Kapisa province. Numerous other ofbacked schools by and less health political clinics. pressure. Cuts in international aid are already leading to closure

potent threat to the rights of Afghanistan’s In July, a 22-year-old woman was publicly women,Afghanistan’s Human justice Rights systemWatch said. remains As of a remainexecuted common in Parwan in provinceAfghanistan. for allegedInfant adultery. Under-age and forced marriage control – including extortion, rape and killings other government under and ostensibly groups Police militia Local Afghan US-backed the by perpetrated Abuses unimplemented. Peace, Reconciliation andJusticeremains for Plan Action 2005 the while abuses, other and offenses, criminal corruption, for officials government hasfailed to prosecute high-level problems,Rights Human Watch said. The serious most country’s the of one remained Warlordism anditsattendantrights abuses insurgents.” reachwith might it anysettlement negotiated ensure rights protections intheaftermath of to plans it how explain to needs government rights,”human Adams said.“TheAfghan between stuck governmentdoesn’t that careprotecting about now insurgentswho are would roll rightsback a and Afghans “Many of schoolstafforeducationofficials. of whichhalf involved targeted assassinations against schools in the first six months of 2012, Insurgentforces 34 attacksleast at launched and violations of the laws of war in2012. continued torights commithuman abuses The Talibanand other insurgentforces the future.” foreign donorsshould become synonymous said. “Afghanistan’s be prepared tolink human rightsand impunity,” Adams accountability for direct supportto government has the government with corruption, with to benchmarks for improving past abuses.” “The Afghan torture, and ytmc bss in abuses systemic facewill greater womenrisk that increasewill the of the pastdecade protectingthe gains foreign interestin Adams said. “Declining priority,” as along-term women’s rights who support will needs donors “Afghanistan every two hours. approximately complications of pregnancy-related dying a woman and five, of the age before dying in ten children world, withone the highest inthe and remain among mortality maternal mortality [4] http://www.hrw.org/bios/brad-adams [3] http://www.hrw.org/world-report/2013 [2] http://www.hrw.org/asia/afghanistan advances afghanistan-rights-risk-military-drawdown- [1] Links: URL: military-drawdown-advances news/2013/02/01/afghanistan-rights-risk- Source for pastabuses.” accountability and rights human improving support to thegovernment to benchmarks for donors should beprepared todirect link and “Afghanistan’sforeignsaid. impunity,” torture, Adams corruption, with synonymous “The Afghan government hasbecome humanity against crimes committed from 1978 to 2001. and crimes war of theAIHRC’s 1,000 page report mapping positions. commissioner Karzai’s The governmentthe releasestalled hasalso five fill by to failure hobbled remained advocacy, for its effective humanrights research and government agency recognized internationally The AIHRC, anine-person independent to banthedeathpenalty. was government the increasingwith internationalconsensus Karzai the committed to bringingAfghanistan instep that Taliban the hopes of fall the government. in The hangings castdoubton since number country executions the the government-sanctioned doubling nearly of 21, and 20 by practice executing 14 people over two days, November recent with broke Afghanistan detention, torture, arbitrary andotherabuses. in service intelligence Commission (AIHRC) have implicated the and the Afghanistan Independent HumanRights Nations United the intelligence by abusive Reports service. country’s the head to of a private, unlawfulprison inKandahar, rights violations including theoperation implicatedKhalid, Asadullah in serious human September,In thegovernmentappointed – remain routine andwidespread. http://www.hrw.org/news/2013/02/01/ http://www.hrw.org/

Armanshahr 4th Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 29-30 23 UNAMA releases report on treatment of conflict-related detainees in Afghan custody

One Year On is based on interviews with Conflict-Related Detainees in Afghan Custody:

635 conflict-related detainees held by the LocalAfghan Police, National visits Police, to 89 detention National Directoratefacilities in 30of Security,provinces Afghan from OctoberNational 2011Army to or October Afghan

relevant interlocutors and on rigorous Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 March Issues 29-30 Year,

th 2012, extensive interviews with multiple 4 analysis, corroboration and examination of Interiordocumentary provided and accessother material. to detention The Nationalfacilities Directorate of Security and the Ministry of period to share appropriate information, and toand discuss met with concerns UNAMA and overfollow the up observationmeasures.

Using internationally accepted methodology, standards and best practices, UNAMA found that more than half (326) of 635 conflict- Armanshahr 29-30 related detainees interviewed experienced ill-treatment and torture particularly in 34 24 betweenfacilities ofOctober the Afghan 2011 National and October Police (ANP)2012. and the National Directorate of Security (NDS) Afghan and international law, took the form Torture, as defined and prohibited under

of abusive interrogation techniques in which «Ill-treatment of conflict-related detainees suffering on detainees during interrogations Afghan officials inflicted severe pain and in Afghan custody requires greater preventive measures and reform» information. Fourteen methods of torture andaimed ill-treatment mainly at obtainingwere described a confession similar orto

practices previously documented by UNAMA. KABUL, 20 January 2013 - In a report released The study found that while the incidence of internationaltoday, UNAMA partners found thatto address despite ill-treatment significant torture in ANP facilities increased compared to efforts by the Government of Afghanistan and the previous period (125 of 286 ANP conflict- and remains a serious concern in numerous perrelated cent detainees in the previous or 43 per 12-month cent experienced period), detentionof conflict-related facilities detainees, across torture Afghanistan. persists torture or ill-treatment compared with 35

is carried out further to its mandate from the thatdetainees was lower interviewed than the previous in NDS period custody (178 UNAMA’s detention observation programme experienced torture and ill-treatment at a rate Government of Afghanistan and all Afghan torture down 12 per cent from the previous peopleUnited Nationsto improve Security respect Council for human to assist rights the of 514 detainees or 34 per cent, experienced and the rule of law including in the prison sector, and in cooperation with Afghan year, when 46 per cent reported torture or authorities. ill-treatment in NDS). Numerous detainees were held and ill-treated in both ANP and NDS facilities or by other Afghan authorities. UNAMA’s 139-page report Treatment of “The findings of the UNAMA report are a cannot be addressed by training, inspections training, by addressed be cannot torture that highlight findings “The UNAMA. Gagnon, Director of Human Rights for of lack for thoseresponsible,”said Georgette torture persistent of with few investigations andno prosecutions perpetrators a for accountability found «UNAMA having failed to prevent torture. for involvementin torturing detainees orfor officials Afghan of jobs of loss or prosecution of these internalinvestigations resulted inthe ill- any of whether unclear is it however treatment allegations investigated they stated institutions Both Police. National Afghan the within offices rights human indicated its reinforced Interior it of Ministry the and NDS of rightshuman reportsthat to sub-directorate theDirector of a created NDS the 2012, inspections and reassigned personnel. In increased directives, policy issued treatment, programmesprevention on of detaineeill- Interior,trainingexpandedimplementedthey the report. As stated by NDS and the Ministry of in considered were UNAMA’swhich toreport as outlined in their detailed response annexed detention practices andresponded to concerns a rangeof measures improving aimedat The Governmentof Afghanistan instituted be doneto endandprevent torture.” ill- to needs Clearlymore detainees. of treatment eliminate to enough robust isn’t system have produced some positive resultsthe but practices are visibleandencouraging,and attention andefforts to address these abusive rather actsof individuals. The Government’s policy a of the Government or its institutionsbut not is detainees conflict-related of Afghanlaws, stated and ill-treatment that obligations andrespective provisions of internationalhuman rights andhumanitarian to commitment its confirmed repeatedly has Generalfor Afghanistan. “The Government Secretary- the of Representative Special the cause for serious concern,» saidJánKubiš, d=36279&language=en-US abid=12254&ctl=Details&mid=15756&Itemi http://unama.unmissions.org/Default.aspx?t partners to bringpositive change with Afghan authorities and international closelyworking is and detainees of treatment the observe to community.continues UNAMA Afghan Government andtheinternational concertedfrom and sustainedsupport the Establishing such a mechanism would require of perpetrators and remedial measures. technical recommendations onprosecution to follow upinvestigations andmake detailed expertise and detentioninspect all facilities, conduct capacity enhanced and Human Rights Commission with the authority located withintheAfghanistanIndependent Torture.dedicated Sucha be mechanismcould ProtocolOptional to theConvention against mechanism ontorture described in the preventiveindependent national of an creation the recommends UNAMA measures, other to addition In implemented. fully been UNAMA’s October 2011 report which have not the to recommendations strengthen proposals in recommendations 64 Government andinternationalpartners. The offers and prosecution and law enforcement sectors judiciary, the in reforms for need long-term and urgent the reinforces findings UNAMA’s and accountability. of Afghanfacilities increasing and monitoring process limiting transfer to areduced number to severalAfghan facilities andimplemented a detainees transferring stopped subsequently suspended transfers for a second time. ISAF locations including where ISAF hadtransferred detainees,ISAF facilities ANP and NDS followingreportsnew oftortureseveral at detainees to several facilities. In October 2012, prior to resuming internationaltransfers of interrogation and detainee treatment practices support Afghan authorities in reforming their toprogramme monitoring facility detention a Security Assistance Force (ISAF) implemented Over the observation period, the International officials have noincentive to stop torture.” confessions gained through torture, Afghan and courts’consistent refusal to accept investigationprocess, criminalprosecutions to usetorture, includingarobust,independent sound deterrentsits use.Without anddisincentives requires prevent and but stop to measures accountability alone directives and Armanshahr 4th Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 29-30 25 Press release Transitional Justice Coordination Group (TJCG) 11/03/2013 Stop killing civilians and try those responsible!

government, the report shows that 491

Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 March Issues 29-30 Year, The seventh report published in February civilians by the armed opposition of the th 4 the2013 intense by the Unitedconcern Nations of the Assistance public and Mission the Transitional(UNAMA) in Justice Afghanistan Coordination was followed Group. The by civilians were also killed by international deployed in Afghanistan. The report shows that civilian deaths caused by the opposition report shows that 7,559 civilian casualties forcesincreased has diminished. and killings of civilians by (2,754 civilian deaths and 4,805 injuries) from international forces and the Afghan security armed conflict in 2012. UNAMA documented Elements6,131 civilian in 2012. casualties Of which(2,179 1,077civilian of deaths them civiliansAccording in to Afghanistan. UNAMA, the According armed conflict to the in wereand religious 3,952 injuries) leaders, elders by Anti-Government and women who report,the past thesix yearsgraph has of killedcivilian more casualties than 14,700 this were involved peace talks. Also, 488 children

The report shows (20% increase in murders Armanshahr atyear present shows is 14still percent catastrophic reduction and disturbing, compared 29-30 have been killed and 814 others were injured. becauseto previous still years. a large However, number the of mortality our people, rate still don’t believe in peace as a value and a 26 of women), and this number reflects that they from the threats and risks of war, hostilities, to participate and support this process. terroristincluding attacks women and and roadside children, bombs. suffer greatly need, and they have no mood and willingness Meanwhile, the Afghan government insists on continuing the peace process with the According to paragraph 3 of Article 75 of and provide opportunities for the opposition governmentthe Afghan constitution,of Afghanistan. «to Like provide the need public for opposition, and is trying to share the power through the road map framework for power order and security», is one of the key tasks of sharing. But the power-sharing plan itself toa sensible maintain foreign independence policy, the government and national also well as increased violence and killing civilians. needs a policy for participatory criminality encourages further violence and insecurity, as Butsovereignty, the Afghan territorial government integrity in reaction and ensuring to the inThe achieving lack of apeace clear and strategy no interest by the from Afghan the the protection of public order and security. oppositiongovernment for and peace as well has asleft inefficient the High tacticsPeace rise of organized crime and terrorist attacks does not have any criminal policy. That is why manipulationCouncil convoy of inpublic a dark opinion, road a which waste will of irreparablethe Afghan scale. people have repeatedly suffered publiconly lead funds into and the preparing elimination ground of its formembers, hidden losses and damages in a very substantial and deals and corruption, It will not respond to against the government oppositions, the internationalOn the other hand,humanitarian during the law armed is not conflict being recent Fatwa (ruling) of Head of Pakistan’s Religiousthe suffering Scholars’ of the Council, Afghan whosociety called at all.suicide The for civilians and as a result the Afghan and attacks permissible in Afghanistan, is warning therespected international as an external forces insupport Afghanistan mechanism have bell regarding the civilian victims.

committed horrific crimes. In addition to the killing and injurious of with the protection of civilians during military 3. Training of military personnel in connection observance; and internationalrightshuman lawand its trainingSecurity awareness2. and national of international troops stationedinthecountry and forces security Afghan the the of behaviour against conflict armed opposition andmonitor the actionsand in civilians of 1. Create aninternal mechanism of protection Recommendations to thegovernment: terroristic attacks andby road sidebombs: conflict, armed the during properties public and private to damage financial and civilians followingthe orderin to reduceof killing the government’s armed opposition to consider of government Afghanistan,international forces the and the request we addition, In should conflict, the support thecivilians. in involved Parties 2. civilian areas andmonitor themregularly; of war, andprevent themfromthe attacking troops familiarthe lawswith andregulations their make conflict the involvedin Parties 1. proposed: followingpoints to thepartiesinvolved is their activities. Tothe accomplishthisgoal, of top the on damage property and casualties in Afghanistan, tothe prevention put of civilian and request all involved parties in the conflict life, damagetoand private public properties of loss any s denounce Group, Coordination Therefore, theTransitional Justice is prohibited. and cruelbehavior...” withcivilians or civilian body, especially killing in any form, amputation Article, thisstates: to“damage their lives and Also, inparagraph (a)of paragraph 1 of this humanely. treated be should circumstances, not participate directly in do the war who ...” those under any «With provides: it and known internationally of document this provisionsof 1 paragraph the by bound are conflict the Conventions (1949): the two partiesof According to Article3of the four Geneva respect itsprovisions. not do fundamentally and provisions its with acceptedin accordancedid notact still but it has government the Although conflict. armed mechanisms shouldbeobservedthat during Additional Protocol (1977) are theprotective The four Geneva Conventions (1949) and its [email protected] following address: For more information,the please contact Kabul, Afghanistan Transitional JusticeCoordination Group, survivors ofvictims. provide compensationfor civilianvictims and 2. Addressof thevictimsand complaints International CriminalCourt; government the and in cooperation withthe by humanity against crimes and crimes 1. Bringingtothose trialaccused of war United Nations: the especially community, international the Our demandsfrom thegovernment and areas. residential in and way intimidation the along civilians and of torture murder, Avoid 5. and roadsbombs onpublic civilians,that cankill 4. Avoidmines andimprovised planting and humanitarianrelief workers, 3. Avoid themurdertorture and ofcivilians cause civilian casualties; which operations suicide avoid Seriously 2. and humanshields; 1. Doandciviliansnot usethevillage astrench To oppositionforces: Conventions inallmilitaryoperations. 3. Observethe provisions all of the Geneva survivors ofvictims,and provide compensation for civilian victims, 2. Address the complainsofvictimsand 1. Avoid operations inresidential areas; To international forces: state’s the by armed opposition. organized bombs side road and the attacks terrorism attacks, regular against property and lives civilian to damage prevent to policy criminal rational a Adopt 5. to operations military protect civilians and all in Conventions 4. Observingtheprovisions oftheGeneva operations; Armanshahr 4th Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 29-30 27 Press Release Transitional Justice Coordination Group (TJCG) The government should not violate the constitution through peace roadmap and release of Taliban prisoners Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 March Issues 29-30 Year,

th 14/1/2013 4

Afghanistan is passing through one of the most roadmap and against the will of the people the representatives of the Taliban in a crossroad of choice, return to a violent critical juncture of its history and it is located the constitution of Afghanistan and that peace. explicitly asserted that they don’t recognize past or the transition to a just and sustainable government in Kabul. This has confused On the one hand discussions, negotiations, they will not negotiate with the puppet of Afghanistan described the opening of the four decades of bloodshed, became one of government officials, as the foreign minister Armanshahr ceasefire and peace and reconciliation, after 29-30 dangerous”. This dubious approach of the the people, on the other hand, the pressure Taliban Representative Office in Qatar “very the most objectives and pressing needs of government and its international partners 28 from the Taliban and other armed opposition reconciliation. of the achievements of the past decade in has lost the trust of people on any kind of Afghanistan.increases threats and may lead to subversion On the other hand, the government is still Due to incompetence and lack of effective management of the government, the Taliban pursuing this plan and strives to unilaterally implement it by giving high concessions. social, cultural, ethnic, class and language gaps Pakistani governments, removing their name are trying to widen the gender, political, Release of Taliban prisoners by the Afghan and time use it in the interest and for the revival of between the people and more than any other andfrom as the well blacklist as conventions of the UN Securityof international Council and US are against Afghanistan, laws, norms itsAfter authoritarian several attempts system. to secure peace which until now has not led to tangible results for justice. Unconditional release of Taliban will the people – the government of Afghanistan continue the culture of impunity and more than anytime pose serious threats to lasting peaceTransitional in the country.Justice Coordination Group - adopted a new policy which is called the made up of 27 national and international «Roadmap for Peace 2015», it stated that oppositions,the five steps encouraging to achieve thesethem goalsto establish are: to end war, truce; reintegration of all armed thoseinstitutions members understands of the armed the sensitivity opposition of the power structure and to gain the support of this historic landmark in the country because their political organizations in order to share group have been unconditionally released theHowever, international in Paris community. conference, the armed again continued their attacks. Hereby, the TJCG expresses its concern and seriously request the government and civil society, and oppositions clearly ruled out the mentioned h Ntoa Asml fr prvl n so the governmentthat respect theredlines and and approval for Assembly National the to submitted be must plan the system, the on the violate not change policy must major toa due but constitution, peace for 2015 map 7. TheHigh Peace Council,through theroad support to themontrial. government ofAfghanistanshould seekICC of the International CriminalCourt (ICC), the return forto itscommitment theRome Statute criminals, Talibanand other prisoners, then in prosecute to able not is government the If 6. the mediaandpublic. and organizations rights human with results child prisoners inBagrampursue its and base 5. The Government should investigate cases of of theconsequences. impunity for the terrorists will be responsible entities and individualsall who encourage Otherwise, securing peace. made onthe the releaseofimpact kind oftheseterrorist say,clearly also what should government The are notreturning to theranks ofterrorists. they that ensure and released already been adopt amechanism for those Talibanwho have 4. The government of Afghanistan should representatives oftheAfghan people. should followof thepeople the this as and theparliamentas therepresentative for releasing Talibandue process,without and shouldprovidethe people legalreasons releasing Talibanprisoners is toaccountable for responsibility the having Court, Supreme Afghan the particularly sector, justice The 3. government. hand over theTalibanprisoners to Afghan members and thePakistangovernment should end torelease theunconditional oftheTaliban 2. The Government should immediately put an to ensure justice. order in investigated be should suspects, decision final arrested the of according to thelaw, courtprocedures files and the the fact criminals. In armed the releasing by safety of the ensure encourageshould not promoteand culture a and and country the in laws other of enforcement constitution country’s 1. The government should respect the the international communityto demandthat: [email protected] below emailaddress; For more informationthe pleasecontact special rapporteur for Afghanistan. UN RightsHuman a Councilshouldappoint treaties. international and constitution towards responsibility their the protection ofhumanrights, respect the of aware be and the United Nations, more than ever should organizations international society, Civil 10. violence andinstability. increased to lead and impunity of culture the by the National Assembly because it promotes passed Reconciliation National law, amnesty before, onceagain,forask therepealof the 9. Transitional Justice Coordination Group, as power. political gain to violence of cycle four-decade be centralto to apeaceplan endforever the must justice transitional of the implementation for plan action the therefore by impunity, end and justice peace-loving want conducted Afghanistan of people organizations, studies rights to human According 8. its objectivity duringthepeacenegotiations. Rve o 3 e bos ulse by published Armanshahr books new 3 of Review • thread36884-5.htm) social women’s vatandownload.com/forum596/ of review role inIraniancinema(Http://forum. brief A • by SadiqaRezaei • A review of Khesht-o Khiyal, a film made story/08082011/frnk/diana_saqeb_film ( Afghanistan in cinema of image Female • nowrooz_new_year.shtml) afghanistan/2013/03/130319_l09_ in BBC(http://www.bbc.co.uk/persian/ Domain ofNorwruz • –Davood Moradian on celebration ofNowruz inHerat together,Khorassan a build report Let’s • http://www.jadidonline.com/ Other items intheDari version: ) Armanshahr 4th Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 29-30 29 Politis asia «City and the War»- Politis asia 14-15 published

Politis asia is the title of the series of

with important, theoretical and academic Armanshahr publications that deals mainly

issues. «City and the War» is the title of its issues 14-15 that has recently been published. Excerpts from foreword: Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 March Issues 29-30 Year,

th Stephen Graham says geographers and other 4 social scientists are inclined to avoid studying the war because they regard it as «an unusual and exceptional condition.» This is particularly weretrue ofkilled urban or studies.were forced Nevertheless, to leave manytheir cities were ruined in wars and many people cities are at war, homeless or in fear of war in homes in the past century. People from many people of Kabul, Kandahar, Baghdad, Basra, the present century. In this part of the world, the scene of confrontation and the war? a result of terrorist attacks, bombardments Concentrating on Kabul, capital of Afghanistan, Armanshahr Gaza, Jerusalem and others lose their lives as 29-30 from different aspects. Kabul has been plagued livesor «war with on fear terror» of terrorist and citizens attacks. of New York, in this issue we have tried to view the question 30 London, Madrid and others begin their daily and domestic wars for more than four terrorism» after 11 September 2011. It is decades.directly Those or indirectly wars have with resulted international in killing, The Western world laid claim to «war on homelessness and migration of millions of

clear today that Clausewitz’s definition of of Kabul and have prevented the growth and end.battlefields War has as once an ongoing again entered conflict the between cities, developmentpeople, physical its services and extensive and infrastructures destruction military forces in open space has come to its

occupationthe daily domain again. of life and private sphere of landin the ownership, past few decades.speculation They of have government also led the homes. Cities have come under military to a chaotic socio-political state of property,

connection with the concept of politics. A and public land by strongmen and finally the On the other hand, city has always been in spreadTen articles of unofficial have been housing. compiled in two parts languages indicates the fact that all the terms review of the philology of the city in various domestic works, most articles have been in this anthology. In the absence of notable stratum.used to denote city somehow refer to order, been translated from English. The writers rule and superiority of a class or a social written by Western specialists and have Afghanistan has been caught up in war for in a framework which was not free from the have indubitably carried out their research nearly half a century. This issue of Politis asia influence of the new warlike atmosphere in aims to examine the reasons and impact of allowing us to grasp the new strategies of the West. Their studies are significant for the war from the angle of urban sociology and geopolitics. The main question we are seeking war and models of military intervention by the answer to is: why do some cities become examining the example of Kabul. important in wartime or why do they become s h sgiiac o te eainhp with relationship Kabul to gain political legitimacy, the in particular of significance few the past is the in country centuries. Theinterestingthis article in point the of rulers all of Afghanistan. Ithas beentheorigin of almost politics and history the in status specific province. The province ofhasa Kandahar the one, whichpart concentrates onthe Kandahar and in article last the is Kabul 2001–2006» Kandahar, cycle: strongmen’s competitionfor control over inverted «The discourse. the for speaks Afghans inthearenas ofpower andpolitical possibly and Afghans» the «save to striving is which community donor Defence.international Besides,includesan it Department oftheState andDepartmentof US the to governments urban and national to households vulnerable totally with beginning spectrum a cosmopolitanismentails Kabul’s that is notable It inKabul. planning and urbanism examine to framework theoretical the conceptof cosmopolitanism asthe employed has viewpoint” planner’s the from cosmopolitan: Geopoliticalempire“Kabul poverty, andtradition andmodernity. between controlpolitical omission,and wealth and conflict of points become capitals governance», national replace will «cities as growinginternational statementsties and such urban urbanpost-warpolicies ofa the With capital. Explaining Kabul? politics in a post-war capital explainscity” the governs “Who the countries. economiccentresimportant andpolitical of important military targets because they house the otherhand,citiesare On aspects ofit. and thepower of control over other vital city the of aspects institutional and political political the examines of development” urban role in forces the hegemony: and “City regard to asinregardplanning to destruction. places which receive as muchattention in deems the citiestostrategicimportant be Geopolitics”, Urban an Towards and WarTerrorism: “Cities, article, first The based Kabul. on them over control the military-political establish examine to efforts and cities that of significance articles a of is Kabul?» compilation governs «Who entitled I Part First edition:2013 Layout anddesign: Rooholamin Amini Translation: KhalilRostamkhani with Dr. HassanJavaheri collaboration in Dadashi Shourangiz Editors: City andtheWar and Karachi. models of violence inthetwo cities of Kabul and Karachi», violence inKabul compares the article, final The of patterns prey– and hub arena, «Theas city city. the in development urban enduring an and of stability future and this separationis dangerous for thepresent economic class. In theopinion of the writer, socio- and ideology,ethnicity on based Kabul in separation urban of study a is threats» and «Urbancohesiveness challenges city: Kabul in misuse ofpubliclandsby power factions. and rights property of distortion the law, of severaldecades ofwar,absence oftherule and instability political countryside, the and uneven and distribution ofresources between thecities poverty economic macro structures, political-economic of inefficiency of result the is Kabul in settlements unofficial of of housingandunofficialhousing.Thegrowth of themostacute problemsshortage of Kabul: «Kabul, an informal capital city» deals with one town versus countryside conflict. of economic gambleas well as thecentre of identities have been redefined and asacentre state,metaphor ofthe a whereplace a social as Kabul at looks article The country. whole the four of model incomplete an critical was Kabul years, those During 1992-96. in war and socialclasses» concentrates onthecivil ethnicity State, (1992-1996): war at «Kabul the timeofZahirShahto thisdate. urbansince as thecapital functioning of Kabul urbanview towith a in Kabul planning the examines Shah», Zaher since politics urban - «Kabul of title the with section, this in article first The particular. in Kabul in urbanism Afghanistan on in war of century a War», half of nearly at consequences «Kabul and impact of the with title deals the with II, Part mechanisms. after 2001, and the fading oftraditional tribal Armanshahr 4th Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 29-30 31 Armanshahr/OPEN ASIA Publications

1. One Thousand and one Poems for

trilingual edition), 2003 18. Women Celebrate Peace (An anthology of Afghanistan (anthology of writings and poems national/international poems by women for Afghanistan), compiled by Guissou Jahangiri, 2009;19. Tradition Let’s break and the Modernism, silence series Confrontation 2. Caravan of Poetry for Peace and Democracy or Correlation? 2009, Goftegu series in Afghanistan (An anthology of poems); 2003 2003 3. Caravan of Light (for young readership); 20. Sayyed Jamaleddin and New Religious 2003 Thinking; 2009, Goftegu series

Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 March Issues 29-30 Year, 4. Poems for Peace (Tajik edition in Cyrillic), th

4 21. What has gone astray in Afghanistan’s Higher Education System? Causes and 5. In praise of Ahmad Shamlou, Living Goftegu series Solutions; 2009, Goftegu series Conscience of International Poetry, 2006, Let’s22. The break 50% the Campaign: silence series Afghanistan Women’s and rights vis-à-vis the government and the Demands from the Future President, 2009; 6. Who is a citizen? What are their obligations

society? 2006, Goftegu series Rostamkhani,23. Violations 2009 of (Politis Human asia Rights 1-2) and US Policy, Editors Guissou Jahangiri and Khalil 7. Role of Citizens in Seeking Truth and Justice, 2006, Goftegu series Governance and other Schools of Thought, 24. Simorgh (An Anthology of Poems for Armanshahr 8. Social Justice in Islam, Systems of 29-30 2007, Goftegu series Peace); 2009; Let’s break the silence series the Provincial Council doing? What do People Want?25. Youth 2009, and Goftegu the Provincial series Council; What is 32 and Press in Afghanistan, 2007, Goftegu series 9. Challenges of Freedom of Expression, Media International Criminal Court, Reporters ethnic Countries, 2007, Goftegu series 26. A Practical Guide for Victims to the 10. Democracy and Social Justice in Multi- series without Borders, 2009; Let’s break the silence series11. In Search of Civil Society, International Experiences and Local Realities, 2007, Goftegu Rendered or One Step Back? 2009, Goftegu 12. Cultural Incursion and Impact of a Quarter series27. National Dialogue with Women: Justice 28. It is an Abandoned Time Here, Rooholamin Political issues, 2007, Goftegu series of Century of Immigration on Cultural and

Justice Commissions, Monireh Baradaran, Amini; 2010; Let’s break the silence series Decline of Empires, Editors Guissou Jahangiri 200713. Against Let’s break Oblivion, the silenceExperience series of Truth and and29. Khalil NATO, Rostamkhani, Exceptions 2010, to Democracy (Politis asia and 3) 30. Voice of Victims for Justice, Transitional series14. Do Afghanistan Universities have the Capacity to Produce Elites? 2007, Goftegu the silence series Justice Coordination Group, 2010; Let’s break 31. From Structure of Parliament to a Critical 2007, Goftegu series 15. Two Interpretations of Globalization, 2010, Goftegu series know it), 2007, Goftegu series Evaluation of First Parliament in Afghanistan; 16. We are All feminists (Perhaps we don’t 32. Animal Farm, George Orwell, 2010, Simorgh series

17. Women’s Movement: A National Movement or an Artificial Process? 2007, Goftegu series 47. Young people,aWorld Between Fear and Edition, 2011,Let’sbreak thesilenceseries Justice Commissions, Monireh Baradaran,2nd and Truth of Experience Oblivion, Against 46. (Politis-asia 3) Rostamkhani,and Khalil 2nd Edition, 2011, and Democracy to Decline ofEmpires, Editors Guissou Jahangiri Exceptions NATO, 45. 1-2) US and Rostamkhani,2nd Edition, 2011, (Politis asia Khalil and Rights Jahangiri Guissou Human Editors Policy, of Violations 44. by Photographs series Amini, Mohammad Asef Rahmani, 2010, Simorgh Rooholamin for photographs and in Afghanistan),peace Guissou Jahangiri, poems of anthology 43. Simorgh, the Thirty Wise Birds (an English series Pamphlet, Winter 2010; Let’s break the silence Women’sCampaign Afghanistan 50% The 42. Khalil Rostamkhani, 2010,(Politis asia6-7) to mechanisms prosecute humanrights violators, Editor Jurisdiction, Universal 41. 2010, Simorgh series 40. To the21stCigarette, Rooholamin Amini, Carlens, 2010, Let’sbreak thesilenceseries Editors Guissou JahangiriandDelphine 39. Afghanistan:Search In ofTruth andJustice, 2010, Goftegu series presence in Afghanistan,(English version) 38. An evaluation of a decade of international Goftegu series presence in Afghanistan, (Dari version) 2010, 37. An evaluation of a decade of international Expression, of 2010, Goftegu series Freedom to Book From 36. 2010, Goftegu series Afghanistan, in Economy Market 35. silence series the break Let’s 2010, Prize); Peace Simorgh 34. Simorgh’s Feather (Selected poems of 2010 Dadashi, (Politis asia 4-5) Shourangiz and Jahangiri of Women: Role of Education, Editors Guissou 33. Discrimination andPoliticalParticipation 64. The Little Prince, Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, Goftegu series 2012, justice, social and system Political 63. Young People series & Children 2011, Adolescents, and Children 62. Universal Declaration of Human Rights for Jahangiri, Guissou 2011, (Politis asia10-11) and Darwaziyan Jawad 61. Federalism and democracy, Editors Seyyed Qassemi, 2011,Goftegu series from Badakhshan,Heratand Badgeis,Wahid Music Traditional of Study a Bam, o Zeer 60. Rostamkhani, 2011,(Politis asia8-9) A Justice, Transitional to Z,Editors GuissouJahangiriandKhalil of Handbook A 59. contemporary of yearshistory inAfghanistan, 2011,Goftegu series 60 Re-visiting 58. of Stories Simorgh Peace Selected Prize,2011,Simorgh series Stories”, “Simorgh 57. books, 2011,Goftegu series without readers readers, without Writers 56. Summer 2011,Goftegu series 55. From illiteracy to war, from war to illiteracy, Forensic of Science, Physicians for Human Rights, 2011 Role the and Seeking Truth 54. break thesilenceseries Peace and War in (internationalcontributions), 2011, Let’s Women for Justice 53. 2011, Let’sbreak thesilenceseries Pouyan, Rasoul 1989), Heratwar, of account eye-witness (an Ruins War of Review A 52. silence series (a Future personalities),2011, Let’sbreakpolitical the the Enlightens of interviewscollection withvictimsand Past The 51. 2nd Dadashi, Shourangiz Edition, 2011(Politis asia4-5) and Jahangiri of Women: Role of Education, Editors Guissou Participation Political and Discrimination 50. Nekhat Years Homeira Fifty poems), in Dastgirzada, 2011,Simorgh series Said of be (collection Can Nothing 49. Goftegu series 2011, Memory, Collective our Revisiting 48. 2011,Goftegu series Doubt, Armanshahr 4th Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 29-30 33 3 new books of Armanshahr 2012, Children & Young People series

series65. A review of conditions of women in Afghanistan and Tajikistan, 2012, Goftegu

66. Ringing passed by the rain; a review of Simorghcontemporary series poetry of Tajikistan, Mujib Mehrdad and Behrooz Zabihullah, 2012,

67. 1984, George Orwell, 2012; Simorgh series

2012,68. Flames Simorgh of series Love, Calligraphy of Master Year, Issues 29-30 March - April 2013 March Issues 29-30 Year, Najibullah Anwari; gilded by Mehdi Banaei, th 4 Children and Adolescents, 2011, 2nd Edition, 69. Universal Declaration of Human Rights for

2012, Children & Young People series No. 77 series70. Fahrenheit 451, Ray Douglas Bradbury, translated by Ali Shi’a Ali, 2012, Simorgh

of victims of one decade), Editor Jawad 71. For recording in history (narratives series Armanshahr Darwaziyan, 2012, Let’s break the silence 29-30 72. Prison, prisoners and human rights, Editors Guissou Jahangiri and Khalil Rostamkhani, 34 2012, (Politis asia 12-13) plus an English- languagewith collaboration edition of Jawad Darwaziyan, 73. Human Rights at a Crossroads: The need for a rights-centred approach to peace and

the International Federation for Human Rights reconciliation in Afghanistan, a joint report of No. 76 English and Persian translation, 2012 and Armanshahr Foundation; in original 74. Representations of the Intellectual, Edward

Said, 2013, Persian translation by Hamid Azedanloo, Let’s break the silence series Dadashi in collaboration with Dr. Hassan 75. War and the City, Editor Shourangiz

Javaheri, 2013, (Politis asia 14-15)

series76. There is a sad child in my dreams, poetry anthology, Rooholamin Amini, 2013, Simorgh 77. The end of the three invulnerable, articles,

78. Armanshahr (a human rights and civil Rahnavard Zaryab, 2013 No. 74

society periodical), 30 issues, (Year IV)