Guj. J. Ext. Edu. Special Issue on National Seminar : June 2019 FARMER FIRST PROGRAMME: AN EFFECTIVE COMMUNICAITON APPROACH FOR DISSEMINATION OF SUSTAINABLE GROUNDNUT PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

A. M. Bharadiya, S. G. Savaliya, P. V. Patel, J. B. Bhut, J. C. Dhingani N. D. Dholariya and P. J. Gohil

Main Oilseeds Research Station Agricultural University, Junagadh – 362 001 Email : [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Field experiments were conducted during 2017-18 and 2018-19 on 100 farmer’s field of the villages Mav Jinjava, Hadala, Deri Pipaliya and Nava Vaghaniya of Taluka of of on intensification and stem rot and whitegrub management in groundnut under the Farmers First Project entitled “Integrated Resource Management in Agriculture and Allied Fields for Stakeholders”. The technological intervention of the study comprised of improved groundnut variety GG 20/22, seeds were treated with tebuconazole 25 EC @ 1.5 ml and chlorpyriphos 20 EC @ 25 ml per kg seed, furrow application of phorate 10 G @ 10 kg/ha as well as Trichoderma @ 2.5 kg/ha with castor cake or enriched compost @ 100 kg/ ha, soil drenching of chlorpyriphos 20 EC @ 25 ml/10 lit of water in case of sever whitegrub infestation and apply Trichoderma @ 2.5 kg/ha as soil drenching at 30 days after sowing for stem rot management. The technological intervention was compared with the farmers practice. The results of the two years study revealed that the intervention resulted in significantly highest groundnut pod and haulm yield of 1756 & 2458 kg/ha and 1735 & 2429 kg/ha were found in experimental plot of variety GG- 20/22 and gross return of experimental plot was ` 88833 & ` 79119 with ICBR of 2.56 and 2.67 during the experimental year 2017-18 and 2018-19, respectively. The significantly percent decrease in stem rot disease and per cent plant killed by white grub was 69.57 & 60.54 and 57.82 & 54.27 per cent during the experimental year 2017-18 and 2018-19, respectively over farmer’s practice.

Keywords: farmer first programme, communication approach groundnut production technology

INTRODUCTION The area under groundnut in Gujarat is 16.27 lakh hectares with a production of 39.71 lakh tones during Kharif 2017-18 Groundnut, the king of oil seeds is one of the (DOAC, 2018). important legume crops is cultivated predominantly under rain-fed conditions in the tropical and semiarid tropical Keeping this in view, experiments on groundnut countries including , where it provides a major source under crop based module of FFP project was undertaken to of oil, carbohydrates and proteins (Bhauso et al., 2014). The im prove the productivity and profitability of groundnut with seed is used mainly for edible oil and contains nearly half of proven improved production technologies on farmer’s fields. the essential vitamins and one-third of the essential minerals. OBJECTIVE Hence, groundnut played an important role in nutritional security to the resource poor farmers. In addition, the haulms To know an effective communciation aproach provided excellent fodder for livestock, cake obtained after for dissemination of sustainable groundnut production oil extraction was used in animal feed and overall the crop technology. acted as good source of biological nitrogen fixation (Nautiyal METHODOLOGY et al., 2011). To assess feasibility of technology transfer for Groundnut is the sixth most important oilseed crop management and better productivity of groundnut, crop in the world. It contains 48-50% of oil and 26-28% of the experiments were conducted on 100 farmers field of 4 protein, and is a rich source of dietary fiber, minerals, and adopted villages viz; Deripipaliya, Mavjinjava, Hadala vitamins. Globally, the crop is raised on 26.4 million hectares and Navavaghaniya of of Gujarat during with a total production of 37.1 million MT. The average kharif season of 2017-18 and 2018-19 in rainfed condition. productivity is 1400 kg/ha. India shares 22 per cent of the Each experiment was conducted on an area of 0.5 acre and world production (area 4.9 m.ha, production 5.8 m. tonnes). the same area adjacent to the experiment plot was kept as 1 Pragmatic Perspectives of Agricultural Development Programmes in Present Scenario farmer’s practices. The package of improved production The data on pod and haulm yield, per cent plant technologies included high yielding variety GG-20/22, killed by white grub, stem rot incidence (%), gross and fertilizer 12.5:25:50 kg NPK as per schedule, seeds were net return were collected from technological experimental treated with tebuconazole 25 EC @ 1.5 ml and chlorpyriphos plot. In addition to this, data on farmer practices were also 20 EC @ 25 ml per kg seed, furrow application of phorate collected from the equal area. The ICBR was also calculated. 10 G @ 10 kg/ha as well as Trichoderma @ 2.5 kg/ha with castor cake or enriched compost @ 100 kg/ha, soil drenching RESULTS AND DISCUSSION of chlorpyriphos 20 EC @ 25 ml/10 lit of water in case of sever whitegrub infestation and apply Trichoderma @ 2.5 The major differences were observed between kg/ha as soil drenching at 30 days after sowing for stem rot experiment package and farmer’s practices are regarding management. In the second plot, locally available mix seeds recommended variety, seed treatment and plant protection sown and maintained as farmers practice. measures.

Table 1: Details of need based inputs given under Crop Based Module of FFP project on groundnut (n=100)

Crop Variety Villages Area No. of Technologies Need based inputs (Acre) farmers benefited Groun- GG- Deripipaliya 50 acre 100 1. Adoption of improved • Seed :GG 20/22 dnut 20/22 Mavjinjava variety (GG-20/22) • Chlorpyriphos 20 Hadala & 2. Adoption of EC Navavaghaniya recommended plant • Phorate 10 G protection measures • Tebuconazole 20 a. For White grubs • Trichoderm- management: ahazianum • Seed treatment of • Light trap chlorpyriphos 20 EC @ 25 ml/kg seed before sowing. • Furrow application of phorate 10 G @ 10 kg/ ha before sowing. • In case of sever infestation, drenching of chlorpyriphos 20 EC @ 25 ml/10 lit of water. • Installation of light trap. b. For Stem rot management: • Seed treatment of tebuconazole 25 EC @ 1.5 ml/kg seed before sowing. • Application of Trichoderma @ 2.5 kg/ha with castor cake or enriched compost @100 kg/ha before sowing. • Apply Trichoderma @ 2.5 kg/ha as soil drenching at 30 days after sowing. 2 Guj. J. Ext. Edu. Special Issue on National Seminar : June 2019 Table 1 shows that under the experimental plot only yield. Regarding stem rot and white grub infestation, under recommended variety, insecticides and bio-fungicide were experiment, precautional measures viz; for stem rot, seed given to farmer by the JAU and all the other package and treatment of tebuconazole 25 EC @ 1.5 ml/kg seed before practices were timely performed by the farmer itself under sowing, application of Trichoderma @ 2.5 kg/ha with the supervision of JAU scientists. Under farmer’s practice, castor cake or enriched compost @ 100 kg/ha and apply they generally sow seeds of local groundnut varieties without Trichoderma @ 2.5 kg/ha as soil drenching at 30 days after treatment. The varieties grow by farmers found susceptible sowing and for white grub, seed treatment of chlorpyriphos to root rot and white grub infestation. As a result, the 20 EC @ 25 ml/kg seed before sowing, furrow application of farmers selected under crop based module of FFP project on phorate 10 G @ 10 kg/ha before sowing and in case of sever groundnut were provided with the seed of groundnut variety infestation, drenching of chlorpyriphos 20 EC @ 25 ml/10 lit GG-20/22. It is also observed that under farmer situation, of water as well as installation of light trap were performed they do not undergo for precautional measures for stem timely. rot and white grub infestation, thus leading to reduction in Table 2: Details of yield and economics of crop based module under FFP project on groundnut

2017-18 2018-19 Experiment Experiment Parameter Farmer’s (Variety + Stem Farmer’s (Variety + Stem rot + Practice rot + White grub Practice White grub Mant.) Mant.) Pod yield (kg/ha) 1756** 1548 1735** 1521 Pod yield increase (kg/ha) 207 -- 215 -- Pod yield increase (%) 13.40 -- 14.11 -- Haulm yield (kg/ha) 2458** 2090 2429** 2053 Haulm yield increase (kg/ha) 368 -- 376 -- Haulm yield increase (%) 17.60 -- 18.34 -- Gross return (`/ha) 88833 78029 79119 69032 Additional return (`/ha) 10804 -- 10087 -- Additional cost (`/ha) 4224 -- 3771 -- Additional net return (`/ha) 6580 -- 6316 -- ICBR 2.56 -- 2.67 -- Stem rot incidence (%) 3.28** 10.78 2.50** 5.92 Incidence decrease (%) 69.57 -- 57.82 -- Percent plant killed by white grub 0.46** 1.16 0.86** 1.87 Incidence decrease (%) 60.45 -- 54.27 -- ** indicates z-test significant at 1% level of significance

Results concluded that significantly highest pod grub was 69.57 & 60.54 and 57.82 & 54.27 per cent during and haulm yield of 1756 & 2458 kg/ha and 1735 & 2429 the experimental year 2017-18 and 2018-19, respectively kg/ha were found in experimental plot of variety GG-20/22 over farmer’s practice. followed by 1548 & 2090 kg/ha and 1521 & 2053 kg/ha in ` farmer’s practice during the experimental year 2017-18 and The gross return of experimental plot was 88833 ` ` ` 2018-19, respectively (Table 2). The significantly percent & 79119 and for farmer’s practice 78029 & 69032 with ` ` decrease in stem rot disease and per cent plant killed by white additional net return 6580 & 6316 per ha during 3 Pragmatic Perspectives of Agricultural Development Programmes in Present Scenario variety GG 20/22 with integrated management of stem rot and whitegrub under North Agro-climatic Zone of Gujarat.

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