Herpetologica, 67(1), 2011, 80–88 E 2011 by The Herpetologists’ League, Inc.

A NEW SNOUTED TREEFROG OF THE SPECIOSE GENUS WAGLER (ANURA, ) FROM NORTHEASTERN

1,2 1 IVAN NUNES AND JOSE´ P. POMBAL,JR. 1Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, Departamento de Vertebrados. Quinta da Boa Vista, Sa˜o Cristo´va˜o. 20940-040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

ABSTRACT: A new species of Scinax is described from open formations of the coastal plains (Restingas) within the Tropical Atlantic Domain in northeastern Brazil. The new species most resembles S. auratus (Wied-Neuwied) and S. juncae Nunes and Pombal, and is diagnosed by the dorsal pattern of dorsolateral white stripes in dark-brown background, interocular white transversal stripe, and small scattered white blotches; snout rounded in dorsal view and profile; dorsal skin smooth; vocal sac smooth; presence of a few tubercles in a longitudinal way from the internal metatarsal tubercle to the heel; advertisement call with 7–8 notes; call dominant frequency 1.38 kHz. This new species can be easily distinguished from S. auratus and S. juncae by the different dorsal pattern, morphological traits, and advertisement call. Key words: ; Restinga; species complex; Scinax cretatus;

THE TREEFROG genus Scinax Wagler is the MATERIALS AND METHODS most speciose of the subfamily Hylinae and We compared the new species to those currently comprises .100 recognized species, belonging to the clade docu- which occur from Mexico to Argentina (Frost, mented from the lowlands of the Atlantic 2010; Nunes and Pombal, 2010). In the Scinax Coast of northeastern Brazil. We did not review performed by Faivovich (2002), the compare the new species to Scinax x-signatus former Scinax ruber species group (sensu for the reasons explained in Pombal et al. Pombal et al., 1995b) was recognized as (1995b) and Pugliese et al. (2009). unnatural group and the Scinax ruber clade The Brazilian museum acronyms of speci- was defined to include the mens and sound records examined, or cited in and S. uruguayus species groups, along with the text, are AL–MN (Adolpho Lutz Collec- many species unassigned to any species group. tion, housed at Museu Nacional), CFBH Six species belonging to the Scinax ruber (Ce´lio F. B. Haddad collection, clade, excepting the members of the S. deposited in the Universidade Estadual Pau- rostratus and S. uruguayus species groups lista – Campus de Rio Claro, Rio Claro), LZV (sensu Faivovich, 2002), are distributed in the (Laborato´rio de Zoologia dos Vertebrados, lowlands of the Atlantic Forest of northeast- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro ern Brazil: S. alter (Lutz, 1973), S. auratus Preto), MNRJ (Museu Nacional, Universi- (Wied-Neuwied, 1821), S. cuspidatus (Lutz, dade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de 1925), S. eurydice (Bokermann, 1968), S. Janeiro), MUFAL (Museu de Histo´ria Natural juncae Nunes and Pombal, 2010, and S. x- da Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceio´), signatus (Spix, 1824). MZUEFS (Museu de Zoologia da Universi- Herein, we describe a new species of dade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Scinax, of the S. ruber clade, from the Atlantic Santana), SUEFS (Sonoteca do Laborato´rio Coast of northeastern Brazil, which is mor- de Animais Pec¸onhentos e Herpetologia da phologically similar to Scinax auratus and S. Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, juncae. We also provide the description of its Feira de Santana), UFBA (Museu de Zoologia advertisement call and comments on the da Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador), species’ natural history and taxonomy of the and ZUFRJ (Amphibian Collection of Depar- most similar species. tamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro). The geographic coordinates of the specimens of the type series and referred 2 CORRESPONDENCE: e-mail, [email protected] specimens derive from Google Earth (ac-

80 March 2011] HERPETOLOGICA 81 cessed on 29 September 2010) based on the Scinax auratus (Wied-Neuwied, 1821) in part; WGS84 datum. Santana et al. (2009:246; fig. 2). We used 14 morphometric characters Holotype.—MNRJ 51346 (Fig. 1), adult described in Duellman (2001) as modified male, Brazil, state of Bahia, municipality of by Napoli (2005): SVL (snout–vent length), Entre Rios, Porto Sauı´pe, 12u219S, 37u539W, HL (head length), HW (head width), ED (eye at sea level, on 9–12 August 2005, collected by diameter), TD (tympanum diameter), UEW Milena Camardelli. (upper eyelid width), IOD (interorbital dis- Paratypes.—All from the northern coast of tance), IND (internarial distance), END (eye– the Brazilian state of Bahia: municipality of nostril distance), NSD (nostril-to-tip-of-snout Entre Rios: MNRJ 51347–55, UFBA 5723–26, distance), TL (tibia length), FL (foot length 5728–46 (adult males), UFBA 5727 (adult including tarsus), 3FD (third-finger disk female), collected with the holotype; UFBA diameter), 4TD (four-toe disk diameter). We 6093, 6104, 6106, 6113–18 (adult males), 6071 also measured THL (thigh length; following (adult female), between 7 and 10 November Heyer et al., 1990), FAL (forearm length: 2005, collected by C. V. Bastazini and M. straight-line distance between the elbow and Camardelli. Municipality of Camac¸ari, Are- the wrist), and HAL (hand length: straight- mbepe District (12u469S, 38u109W, at sea line distance between the wrist and the tip of level): MZUEFS 674 (adult female), and 675– the third finger). SVL, HL, HW, FAL, HAL, 76 (adult males), on 21 June 2001, collected THL, TL, and FL were measured with by F. A. Junca´; MZUEFS 1221–22 (adult Vernier calipers (0.05 mm of precision); all males), on 20 December 2001, collected by the other variables were measured with an A. S. Santana; UFBA 668–76 (adult males), on ocular micrometer in a Zeiss stereomicro- 7 May 2003, collected by M. F. Napoli, M. F. scope. All measurements are in millimeters. F. Napoli, M. Camardelli, P. M. Fonseca, I. C. Standards for dorsal outline of the snout S. Cruz, and C. B. S. Torres. follow Heyer et al. (1990) and profile view Referred specimens.—Brazil: state of Ala- follows (Duellman, 2001). Webbing formulae goas: municipality of Maceio´ (MNRJ 9926, follow Savage and Heyer (1967) as modified MUFAL 6123); municipality of Passo de by Myers and Duellman (1982). Camaragibe (CFBH 7345–48). State of Bahia: The advertisement calls of three specimens municipality of Cachoeira (CFBH 1460, of the new species were recorded on 21 1464–66); municipality of Camac¸ari (UFBA July 2001, by Flora A. Junca´ (SUEFS 4400–4404); municipality of Itacare´ (UFBA 11.5/MZUEFS 675 at 1830 h, SUEFS 7628–29); municipality of Itaparica (MNRJ 11.6/unvouchered record at 1900 h, SUEFS 49652, UFBA 3163–66); municipality of Itu- 11.7/MZUEFS 676 at 1930 h), with a SONY bera´ (UFBA 3907–09); municipality of Mata WM-D6 Digital Audio Tape coupled to de Sa˜o Joa˜o (UFBA 4090, 5882); municipality a SONY EMC-MS907 Electret Condenser of Salvador (MNRJ 49647–51, UFBA 425– Microphone. We analyzed the tape with 28); municipality of Valenc¸a (MNRJ 38056, Avisoft-SASLab Light for Windows, version 43792–802, 43839). State of Paraı´ba: munic- 3.74, and Sound Ruler 0.9.6.0. The vocaliza- ipality of Mamanguape (MNRJ 18021–23, tions were digitized with sampling frequency 49644–46). State of Sergipe: municipality of of 11.025 kHz and 16 bits, and the audio- Brejo Grande (MNRJ 46556); municipality of spectrogram was made with Fast Fourier Pirambu´ (LZV–A 1146–47, 1194–97). Transform length of 256 points, overlap Diagnosis.—A medium-sized species (adult 75%, frame 100%, and window Flat Top. males 25.8–34.7 mm SVL; adult females 29.2– 32.5 mm SVL) of the Scinax ruber clade SPECIES DESCRIPTION (sensu Faivovich, 2002), morphologically sim- Scinax cretatus sp. nov. ilar to S. auratus and S. juncae, diagnosed by (Figs. 1–2) the following combination of characters: Scinax aff. alter; Bastazini et al. (2007:463). dorsal color pattern with dorsolateral white (non A. Lutz, 1925); Lima stripes in dark-brown background, with in- and Skuk (2006:490). terocular white transversal stripe and small 82 HERPETOLOGICA [Vol. 67, No. 1

FIG. 1.—Scinax cretatus sp. nov. (A) Dorsal, and (B) ventral views of holotype, MNRJ 51346, adult male, SVL 33.0 mm. scattered white blotches; snout rounded in and higher number of notes (7–8 notes in S. dorsal and lateral views; dorsal skin texture cretatus vs. 1 note in S. alter; see Pombal et smooth; vocal sac smooth; presence of a few al., 1995a). tubercles in a longitudinal way from the Scinax cretatus differs from S. auratus, one internal metatarsal tubercle to the heel; of the morphologically most similar species, advertisement call with 7–8 notes; call dom- by having a longer SVL in adult males from inant frequency 1.38 kHz. 25.8 mm to 34.7 mm (21.4–24.7 mm for S. Scinax cretatus can be distinguished from S. auratus; n 5 20 adult males in the present alter by the different dorsal pattern (see Fig. 3 study), different dorsal pattern (dorsum with for a black and white photo) of dorsolateral brown-yellowish or yellow-greenish back- white stripes in dark-brown background, with ground color, with an interocular blotch, two interocular white transversal stripe and small longitudinal dorsolateral lines, and a longitu- scattered white blotches (dorsum with back- dinal sacral line, from sacral vertebrae to ground color olivaceous brown, presence of cloacae, all golden colored, in S. auratus; see two pairs of longitudinal dark brown stripes Bokermann, 1969, and Lutz, 1973), rounded with a light beige in the middle in S. alter; see dorsal and lateral snout views (subovoid and Lutz, 1973), rounded dorsal snout view protruding in S. auratus, respectively), less (subovoid in S. alter), canthus rostralis not developed vocal sac, dorsal skin texture marked (marked in S. alter), less developed smooth (granulose in S. auratus), lower vocal sac, presence of a few tubercles in a number of notes (7–8 notes in S. cretatus vs. longitudinal position from the internal meta- 9 notes in S. auratus; see Bokermann, 1969, tarsal tubercle to the heel (absent in S. alter), and Nunes et al., 2007), and lower dominant March 2011] HERPETOLOGICA 83

FIG. 2.—Holotype of Scinax cretatus sp. nov., MNRJ 51346, adult male. (A) Dorsal, and (B) lateral views of head, and ventral views of (C) hand, and (D) foot. Scale 0.5 mm. frequency (1.38 kHz in S. cretatus vs. 4.00– cretatus vs. 2.30–4.00 kHz in S. cuspidatus; 4.35 kHz in S. auratus; Nunes et al., 2007). Pombal et al., 1995a). Scinax cretatus can be distinguished from S. Scinax cretatus differs from S. eurydice by cuspidatus by the larger SVL of adult males the smaller SVL of adult males (S. eurydice (S. cuspidatus SVL 22.1–24.9 mm; 18 adult SVL 39.6–51.2 mm; 21 adult males in the males in the present study), different dorsal present study), different dorsal pattern (dor- pattern (dorsum with olivaceous-greenish sum with brown-greyish background color background color with brown irregular stripes with two pairs of inverted dorsolateral brown or inverted parenthesis on thoracic region in parenthesis on thoracic region, and a few S. cuspidatus; see Lutz, 1973), snout rounded additional large brown spots in S. eurydice; in profile view (vs. protruding in S. cuspida- see Lutz, 1973), absence of a yellow flash tus), less developed vocal sac, and higher color on the posterior surfaces of the thighs number of notes (7–8 notes in S. cretatus vs. 1 and hidden portions of shanks in life (present note in S. cuspidatus; Pombal et al., 1995a), in S. eurydice), canthus rostralis not marked and lower dominant frequency (1.38 kHz in S. (marked in S. eurydice), less developed vocal 84 HERPETOLOGICA [Vol. 67, No. 1

form, notched posteriorly, barely free; vomer- ine teeth in two straight series closer to each other, below to the choanae; choanae oval. Pectoral fold present. Arm slender, forearm moderately robust (Fig. 1A and B); fingers slender, medium-sized, poorly fringed, ab- sence of pigmented spicules on the finger I; relative lengths I , II , IV , III; disks of the finger nearly rounded and medium-sized; inner metacarpal tubercle single, medium- sized, elliptical; outer metacarpal tubercle divided, the two parts ovoid-shaped; subarti- cular tubercles simple, elongated in fingers I and IV, and rounded in fingers II and III; supernumerary tubercles rounded and vesti- gial (Fig. 2C). Legs moderately robust FIG. 3.—Topotype of Scinax cretatus sp. nov. photo- (Fig. 1A and B); toes slender and long, graphed in life (unvouchered photo) by Flora A. Junca´. relative lengths I , II , V # III , IV; toes disks nearly rounded, medium-sized; webbing sac, higher number of notes (7–8 notes in S. formula I2–2II1–2+III1+–2+IV2+–1V; foot with cretatus vs. 3 notes in S. eurydice; Pombal et inner metatarsal tubercle single, oval, and al., 1995a), and lower dominant frequency medium-sized; outer metatarsal tubercle sim- (1.38 kHz in S cretatus vs. 2.80–3.40 kHz in S. ple, conic, and rounded; subarticular tubercles eurydice; Pombal et al., 1995a). single and rounded; supernumerary tubercles Scinax cretatus can be distinguished from S. single, small and rounded (Fig. 2D). Skin on juncae, the other morphologically most similar dorsum smooth, with scattered granules; gular species, by the different dorsal pattern (dor- region, under surfaces of arms, and tibia solateral yellowish stripes in darker greenish- regions smooth; skin on venter and inferior brown background, with interocular yellow region of thigh strong granulated. transversal stripe in S. juncae; see Nunes and Color in life of the holotype.—Background Pombal, 2010), snout rounded in lateral view color dark-brown. Two fragmented large and (semicircular in S. juncae), less developed white dorsolateral stripes, from the posterior vocal sac, absence of tarsal fold (present in S. corner of the eye to the inguinal region; juncae), higher number of notes (7–8 notes in several white blotches are scattered on the S. cretatus vs. 4–5 notes in S. juncae; Nunes dorsal region, including forelimbs and hind- and Pombal, 2010), and lower dominant limbs. A white blotch below the eyes and frequency (1.38 kHz in S. cretatus vs. 3.57– annulus tympanicus. Ventral region cream. 3.79 kHz in S. juncae; Nunes and Pombal, Iris brown. 2010). Color in preservative of the holotype.—The Description of holotype.—Body moderately same life coloration, but the color became slender (Fig. 1A and B); medium-sized faded. (33.0 mm SVL); head longer than wide; snout Variation.—The morphology of the speci- rounded in dorsal view and profile; nostrils mens of the type series is very similar. Some dorsolateral, elliptical, slightly protruded; can- paratypes have the nostrils upon a smaller thus rostralis not marked and straight; loreal elevation than that of the holotype; the shape region slightly concave; eyes protuberant; of finger disks can be more rounded; there is a tympanum visible, nearly circular; supratym- small variation in the number of supernumer- panic fold slightly evident, from the posterior ary tubercles. The shape of the dorsolateral corner of the eye to the shoulder (Fig. 2A and stripes varies from (A) a narrow and frag- B); vocal sac single, median, subgular, and few mented dorsolateral and interocular stripes, developed (Figs. 1A and 2B); vocal slits with small blotches scattered on dorsum, to laterally on mouth floor; tongue large, cordi- (B) a less fragmented broad dorsolateral and March 2011] HERPETOLOGICA 85

FIG. 4.—Topotypical dorsal color patterns of Scinax cretatus sp. nov. interocular stripes, with elongated blotches on duration ranges from 0.02 s to 0.05 s (0.03 6 dorsum and background slightly faded, until 0.001; n 5 74 notes). The call has dominant (C) broader fragmented dorsolateral and frequency of about 1.38 kHz (n 5 30 calls). interocular stripes, with bigger blotches on Although always present in less intensity than dorsum and coloration paler than that of the the main peak (dominant frequency), the call holotype (see Fig. 4). The variation of the presents another visible peak of intensity at measurement data are presented in Table 1. 2.79 kHz (see Fig. 5A). Because of narrow Advertisement call.—The following descrip- band filter analyses, Fig. 5 shows artifacts that tion is based on 30 calls from three adult could be misleadingly interpreted as a har- males (10 per male; see Material and Methods monic structure (see Vielliard, 1993). for recording data) from the District of Distribution and .—Known from the Arembepe, municipality of Camac¸ari, state of coastal lowlands of northeastern Brazil, from Bahia, Brazil (about 40 km southwards from the state of Pernambuco to the south of the the type locality). state of Bahia (north to the Jequitinhonha The advertisement call is a short trill of River; Fig. 6). The distribution area is associ- notes with 7–8 multipulsed notes (Fig. 5). The ated to the Tropical Atlantic Domain (sensu call duration ranges from 0.19 s to 0.23 s (0.20 Ab’Sa´ber, 1977) and one of its components, 6 0.01; n 5 30 calls), being emitted in short the ‘‘restingas’’ (sand dunes covered by intervals from 0.25 s to 0.57 s (0.38 6 0.09; n herbaceous and arbustive-arboreal vegetation 5 23 intervals), or sporadically from 2.53 s near the beaches; sensu Arau´ jo, 1992). Scinax to 7.46 s (4.71 6 1.87; n 5 6 intervals). Notes cretatus inhabits bromeliads and shrubs at 86 HERPETOLOGICA [Vol. 67, No. 1

TABLE 1.—Descriptive statistics (in mm) of Scinax cretatus sp. nov. n 5 number of specimens analyzed. See abbreviations in Materials and Methods.

Measurements Holotype Males (n 5 79) Females (n 5 10) SVL 33.0 31.6 6 1.9 (25.8–34.7) 30.7 6 1.2 (29.0–32.3) HL 12.3 11.6 6 0.7 (9.3–13.0) 11.5 6 0.6 (10.2–12.4) HW 11.1 10.6 6 0.6 (8.7–11.7) 10.5 6 0.7 (9.2–11.5) ED 3.5 3.3 6 0.2 (2.8–3.8) 3.5 6 0.2 (3.2–4.0) END 3.6 3.5 6 0.2 (3.0–4.0) 3.4 6 0.2 (3.0–4.0) TD 1.9 1.9 6 0.2 (1.5–2.2) 2.0 6 0.1 (1.8–2.1) UEW 2.7 2.7 6 0.3 (2.2–3.3) 2.7 6 0.2 (2.5–3.0) IOD 3.7 3.4 6 0.3 (2.8–4.0) 3.3 6 0.3 (2.8–3.7) IND 2.1 2.1 6 0.1 (1.8–2.4) 2.1 6 0.1 (1.9–2.2) NSD 1.3 1.3 6 0.1 (1.1–1.7) 1.2 6 0.1 (1.0–1.5) FAL 6.3 5.9 6 0.4 (5.0–6.7) 6.0 6 0.5 (5.3–6.7) HAL 9.1 8.4 6 0.6 (7.0–9.6) 8.1 6 0.5 (7.2–8.7) 3FD 1.3 1.4 6 0.2 (1.1–1.8) 1.4 6 0.2 (1.1–1.7) THL 15.4 14.4 6 1.0 (12.0–16.2) 14.2 6 0.9 (12.4–15.8) TL 17.3 15.9 6 1.2 (12.3–18.5) 15.8 6 0.9 (14.4–17.4) FL 23.1 21.3 6 1.5 (17.3–24.8) 20.8 6 1.3 (18.7–22.9) 4TD 1.5 1.4 6 0.1 (1.1–1.7) 1.4 6 0.2 (1.1–1.7)

coastal restingas, forest edges, and lakes boundaries inside the forest (Bastazini et al., 2007). Etymology.—The specific epithet given from the Latin adjective ‘‘cretatus’’ (meaning ‘‘marked with chalk, whitened’’), in allusion to the dorsal color pattern of this new species.

FIG. 5.—(A) waveform, and (B) audiospectrogram of FIG. 6.—Geographic distribution map of Scinax creta- the advertisement call of Scinax cretatus sp. nov., SUEFS tus sp. nov. along the Atlantic Forest coastal plain of 11.5, municipality of Arembepe, state of Bahia, Brazil, northeastern Brazil. Star 5 type locality; square 5 tadpole recorded on 21 July 2001. Air temperature 23uC. record from Alves et al. (2004). March 2011] HERPETOLOGICA 87

Remarks.—According to Alves et al. (2004), The tadpole of Scinax auratus was de- , S. auratus, S. crospedospilus, and scribed by Alves et al. (2004) from a S. cuspidatus are similar with respect to larval population of the municipality of Quebran- and adult morphological traits, osteology, gulo, state of Alagoas, northeastern Brazil vocalization, and breeding biology, but they (ZUFRJ 7291). Considering the sympatric did not list in which characters. This presumed geographical distribution of S. auratus and S. similarity and misidentification of museum cretatus (Atlantic Forest above the Jequitin- specimens has led several authors to mistake honha River valley to the state of Pernam- their identification. Bastazini et al. (2007) buco; Junca´, 2006; Lutz, 1973; see the referred to specimens of S. cretatus as Scinax additional examined material in Appendix I), aff. alter based on specimens from the it is possible that the tadpole described by municipality of Mata de Sa˜o Joa˜o, state of Alves et al. (2004) could be assigned to S. Bahia (UFBA 5780–5814, 5843). Although S. cretatus, pending further examination. alter has been considered as a species complex Acknowledgments.—This study is part of the Master’s (see Pombal et al., 1995a,b), S. cretatus does thesis of the senior author. We are grateful to M. F. not share the same variation in characters Napoli (UFBA) and U. Caramaschi (MNRJ) for com- exhibited by S. alter (IN, unpublished data). ments that improved this study during the defense; editors Therefore, S. cretatus is not here considered a and anonymous reviewers for valuable suggestions on the manuscript; C. F. B. Haddad (CFBH), F. A. Junca´ member of the S. alter species complex. (MZUEFS), M. F. Napoli (UFBA), and S. Torquatto Santana et al. (2009) referred to specimens of (MUFAL) for allowing us to examine specimens or sound S. cretatus as S. auratus based on specimens records under their care. We are very thankful to M. F. from the municipality of Pirambu´ , state of Napoli (UFBA) for the donation of some specimens Sergipe (LZV–A 1146–47, 1194–97; see fig. 2 of included in the type-series. Special thanks to F. A. Junca´ (UEFS) and C. Arzabe (EMBRAPA) for discussion on the Santana et al., 2009), and Lima and Skuk existence of this undescribed species prior to the (2006) cited the presence of S. cretatus, beginning of this study; F. R. Costa (MNRJ) and W. B. identified as S. cuspidatus, in the municipality Jennings (University of Humboldt, USA) for the careful of Marechal Deodoro, state of Alagoas (MU- English review; M. Camardelli for natural history information; and P.R. Nascimento for the line drawings. FAL 6122–23; also analyzed in the present We thank the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento study). Previously, Lutz (1973) pointed out the Cientı´fico e Tecnolo´gico (CNPq), Coordenac¸a˜ode similarity between S. auratus and S. cuspidatus Aperfeic¸oamento de Pessoal de Nı´vel Superior (CAPES/ and called this complex ‘‘smooth-skinned forms PROAP), ANPCyT–PICT 2007/2202 (Argentina), and with pointed snout.’’ Despite the similarity of S. Fundac¸a˜o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a` Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) for fellowships auratus and S. cuspidatus, the former species is and support. The specimens were collected under larger, has a different advertisement call, and a permission of IBAMA/RAN. very distinct dorsal color pattern (see compar- isons). Scinax cuspidatus also does not share the variation in characters shown by S. auratus (see comparisons). Thus, S. cuspidatus is not LITERATURE CITED here considered a member of the S. auratus AB’SA´ BER, A. N. 1977. Os domı´nios morfoclima´ticos na Ame´rica do Sul. Primeira aproximac¸a˜o. Geomorfologia species complex. Bokermann (1969) and Lutz 52:121. (1973) commented about geographic variation ALVES, A. C. R., M. R. GOMES, AND S. P. CARVALO-E-SILVA. within S. auratus, which showed us the need 2004. Description of the tadpole of Scinax auratus for revision. We conducted studies on the (Wied-Neuwied) (Anura, Hylidae). Revista Brasileira species S. auratus in which we recognized de Zoologia 21:315–317. ARAU´ JO, D. S. D. 1992. Vegetation types of sandy coastal different morphological patterns among the plains of tropical Brazil: A first approximation. Pp. 393. populations previously referred to S. auratus In U. Seeliger (Ed.), Coastal Plant Communities of and showed that there were two different Latin America. Academic Press, New York, New York, species associated with that name, including USA. the recently described S. juncae (Nunes and BASTAZINI, C. V., J. F. V. MUNDURUCA,P.L.B.ROCHA, AND M. F. NAPOLI. 2007. Which environmental variables Pombal, 2010). We, therefore, now recognize better explain changes in anuran community composi- three species in the S. auratus complex: S. tion? A case study in the restinga of Mata de Sa˜o Joa˜o, auratus, S. cretatus, and S. juncae. Bahia, Brazil. Herpetologica 63:459–471. 88 HERPETOLOGICA [Vol. 67, No. 1

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