T7- I 7 J c* ^_ Gift ofthe Panama Canal Museum THE

Vol. 3, No. 10 BALBOA HEIGHTS, CANAL ZONE, MAY 1, 1953 5 cents

Lock Gates, As They Are Seldom Seen New Rents Effective On July 5

Rental on U. S.-rate quarters will be increased effective July 5 to cover interest charges on the Government's capital in- vestment. The increases will vary, dependent on the type of house, date of construction, and other factors. No increase will be made in rents on more than 40 percent of the quarters. These will include all of the 12-family apart- ment buildings, and, generally, those houses built prior to 1927 which have been fully depreciated. The following table indicates the general range of increases and the per- centage of all units now occupied in each category: No increase—41 percent $1 to $5 a month— 23 percent $5 to $10 a month—23 percent $10 to $20 a month— 12.5 percent Over $20 a month— .5 percent

The application of an interest charge on Canal quarters is in conformity with a policy established by the Bureau of the Budget. Originally interest was included when the rental revision was made last October, but the effective date was post- poned until the beginning of the coming fiscal year. The postponement of inter-

est charges until July 1, 1953, was one of recommendations for adjustment of repainted. The dividing four TOWERING 79 feet above the lock floor, a pair The gates have been a smooth and a rental rates made by the Rent Panel. of miter gates stand partly open for overhaul. The line, between what appears to be level of Gatun more-or-less triangular object between the gate roughened section, is roughly the All occupants- of quarters will be smoother portion is never under leaves is a shackle which is suspended by cables Lake. The top, notified individually of changes in their water. The lower part is here covered with a from two tuwing locomotives. Directly below, in computation of new rents plastic enamel. rents. The the floor, are culvert openings. special protective coat of hot on individual houses was being completed this week in time to notify (See page 18) Extensive Overhaul Of Pacific Locks To Be Completed By Third Week In May

schedule A force of some 750 extra workers is cording to a carefully detailed now on the last lap of the overhaul of prepared well in advance of the start of the Pacific Locks, a job lasting over the job at the first of January. four months. This year's overhaul has been accom- Canal The work is scheduled for completion plished during a period when by the third week of this month after traffic was at the highest level in its which normal transit operations will be nearly 39 years of operation. A new resumed. The work has progressed ac- record for the daily average number of transits was set in February and all for- FEATURED FOR MAY mer monthly records for the total number of commercial ships were broken in March. # The Governor's House and some of its history —page 8. Despite the heavy flow of traffic there • Community problerns top all others at have been no appreciable delays in the Shirtsleeve Confe page 6. This was made # International Scout organi2 ations: their handling of shipping. anniversarie s—page 2. possible by the close cooperation of the # Termites— they eat the parlor floor— with handling page 4. various units concerned 6 Canal Zone teacher has never missed a shipping, the use of time-saving methods, day page 13. — and the fact that the (See page 16] THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW May 1,1953

International Girl, Boy Scouts Celebrate Anniversaries

Things buzzed, Scoutwise, in local-rate communities last month. Two Scout organizations were celebrating their anniversaries. For the International Girl Scouts, who were 2 years old, the day's celebration, on April 11, took the form of a day-long observance. The International Boy Scouts, older by 4 years, spread their anniversary celebration over a full week, from April 12-18. Much water has run over Madden Dam since the International Boy Scouts of the Canal Zone were formally organized in April 1947. Today hundreds of boys and girls who had had no supervised organization in which to blow off "growing-up steam" have had their energies directed into wholesome, worthwhile channels. The International Scouts, boys and girls together, now number close to 900. The boys have 511 members in 32 regis- tered units; the girls have 378 members in 23 registered units. Working with them are approximately 300 adults who serve as council or executive board members or as troop leaders.

Units In Every Town BADGES for photography arc treasured by International Girl Scouts. Marcia Oakley, standing Each of the Scout organizations has at the left, and Lidia Caballero, seated, think it pretty funny when Donna Davis tried to get. a closeup shot. Miss Mabel McFarquhar, leader of Troop 8 at Paraiso to which all the girls belong, helps units in colored com- every Canal Zone Donna. munity except Red Tank. Red Tank boys and girls belong to troops at Paraiso. Mrs. Alda Hutchinson who, as pro- nationality of the girls and, consequently, The two organizations have much in fessional worker, supervises the Girl the Scouting organization with which common. Both are Community Chest Scouts says that one of their biggest needs they could be affiliated. agencies, for fund and, except some troop is for more home-makers to interest Four Scout leaders visited the Isthmus raising activities, derive their incomes themselves in Scouting. and discussed the organizational plans. from the Chest. Both are proud of the And Raymond George, Boy Scout In April 1951, it was decided that support they have had from their com- director, says his problem is similar. International Troops under the juris- munity leaders. Many busy men and Except for this problem which the diction of the World Bureau in London women serve on the councils, executive leaders hope will soon be solved, both would be formed in local rate commu- boards, and troop committees. Scout organizations are flourishing and nities. side For the Boy Scouts, the Atlantic filling a needed place in local rate com- The first Girl Scout leader, Mrs. troops are the most active and have the munities. Valentine Baptiste, received her World largest memberships, but Girl Scout On the principle of "ladies, first," Pin that month and the first troop, at troops are about the same size and let's talk about the girls. Rainbow City, was formed. That sum- equally active on either side of the mer Mrs. Hutchinson and Miss Ana Scouting For Girls Isthmus. Baptiste were given scholarships to Boy and Girl Scout troops are both Plans to develop Scouting for girls of study Scouting at the Edith Macy Train- hampered in their expansion for lack of the colored communities were underway ing School in New York. In February troop leaders. in early 1950. A major problem was the 1952, Mrs. Hutchinson was appointed professional worker. The IGS movement grew rapidly. Last month the Girl Scouts awarded their first group of second-class badges. These went to eight Senior Scouts at Chagres, each of whom had completed at least one project in the 11 program fields: Agricul- ture, Arts and Crafts, Community Life, Health and Safety, Homemaking, Inter- national Friendship, Literature and Dra- matics, Music and Dancing, Nature, Out- of-doors, and Sports and Gaines. Activities Vary Activities vary with the age group. A recent project of the Brownies was that (if Troop 23 at La Boca which collected $10 for the March of Dimes Fund. Other community projects are selling Christmas seals, collecting for the Red Cross and sewing for local hospitals. So far, the girls have done no summer camping. They have no place for an "away from home" camp. During the summer of 1954 they hope to try day camping at Santa Cruz and Paraiso gymnasiums, with overnight camps for the older girls. The president of the local council of OVIDIO GONZALEZ, International "Bey Scout of the Year," shows CBS president Ellis Fawcett is how to tie knots. A member of Troop 11 at La Boca, the Scout won praise last fall when he assisted the International Girl Scouts Miss in flood rescue work near Chilibre. Eneida Hamlett, of Colon. <,sve page. W) May 1, 1953 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW

Governor Seybold CHS Future Teachers Of America Meets With Employees Learn By Hearing, Seeing, Doing

At April Conference

One of the shortest Governor-Employee conferences ever held took place last month when Gov. J. S. Seybold met in the Board Room with representatives of labor and civic groups. The conference, which produced no matters for long discussion, lasted only 35 minutes. Under the heading of "old" business- questions raised at previous confer- ences the Governor told the conference: That a change in the hour of blowing the air raid siren was still under consider- ation by the joint Civil Defense Council; That difficulties in obtaining dental appointments are not exclusive to the Canal Zone, but that an attempt will be made to have the Health Bureau keep "comparatively up" with its dental workload; That locks security patrolmen and police officers may have their uniforms READING, seeing, and doing give the FUTURE Ferri, Rosa Santos, Yelvia Bringas, Mary Fernandez, returned from the laundry on hangers if TEACHERS a good idea of the meaning of the Donna Geyer, Joan Holgerson, Arlene Yandergrift, is when the clothing such a request made profession they now think they'd like to follow. Third row: Betty Tarr. Paula Holgerson. Joyce Left to right the Cristobal High girls are: is sent; School Cookson, Sylvia Mann, Sheila McNamee, Muriel Seated: Maricha Tagaropulos, Diane McLaren, That DDT spraying is normally Morland, Diane Hannigan, Alice Chambers, Nancy and Carlene Taber: Montibello, Carol George, Alice Hannigan. discontinued during the dry season but Standing: Judy Ramirez, Arline Lim, Ann Mac- Above, left and right: Lorna Stone and Mary Lou that it was resumed in Gamboa on April cubbin, Barbara Egolf, Nancy Kariger, Henrietta Allen. 13. earlier than usual this year, because of complaints about mosquitoes; And that placing an additional stop Cristobal High School graduates who room. They may be from any one of the sign at the Ancon laundry crossing is become teachers will never be able to High School's four grades. This year say: "No one ever told teaching still under study. me would there are two freshmen in the group. be like this!" For, through a school New Business Whenever possible, a speaker addresses group known as the Future Teachers of them. Under new business the Governor told America, they get a pretty good idea of Members of the FTA now customarily the group that Mrs. Ethel Hoover (of what teaching is like. plan and present the Assembly for visitors the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the Started in 1948 at the request of a during National Education Week each Department of Labor) had been brought student who thought she'd like to be a Fall. One of their most successful pro- here at his request "to discuss labor teacher (she got married instead), the grams was in 1950 when they depicted policies." Future Teachers attracted 1 1 students to "Education—On Both Sides of the Iron He had "no comment" when asked if their first meeting. This year they have Curtain." she were going to establish a "cost of 31 members, all girls. There have been Teach Classes living" index or to a remark that she boys in other years and their sponsor, should meet with labor groups. In the Spring they have an "FTA Miss Adamary Anderson who teaches Rufus Lovelady of the AFGE asked Day" at the Junior High School when Social Studies at the High School, would if new rental rates had been calculated. they teach classes for a day under the like to see boys as members again. She The Governor answered that prelimi- supervision of the regular teacher. They thinks they may have been frightened nary figures had been compiled and that frequently sit in as observers in elemen- away by the sheer number of the girls. it was hoped that the figures will be tary school classes and take part, at The Future Teachers, famibarly known completed so that householders would times, in class-room activities. as the FTA, meet twice a month during have 60-day notice on the new rent rates. On the theory that a teacher's work the noon hour in the Household Arts He answered affirmatively when asked is closely tied in wr ith activities of her if the new rents would differ from the community, they get credit for such out- first schedule. Balboa Housing Office side interests as singing in their church Conferees also discussed, briefly, oper- choirs, teaching Sunday School classes, ations of the Panama Line. Governor Discontinues Switchboard or working with civic organizations. Seybold said that the Company's Board Some of the Future Teachers helped out of Directors has considered other ports of Effective with the opening of business in the Crusade for Freedom Drive and call than New York but that none have hours next Monday, May 4, telephone in the recent Woman's Club campaign calls to the Balboa Housing Office will been "looked upon with favor." for absentee voting. be made by direct lines, instead of This was in answer to a question from through a private telephone switch- On another theory, that a teacher must Mr. Lovelady as to the possibility of one board. have social as well as professional poise, of the ships running into New Orleans. The conversion from PBX operation the Future Teachers have occasional to the individual phones is being made The Governor also commented that the supper parties or other gatherings. over this week end. run to California appears "too long," and The new telephone numbers are: FTA members give varied reasons for would not be a paying proposition. Chief, Housing Division 2-3395 their interest in teaching. One girl, who Question as to the California route was Housing Division Accounts 2-1600 thinks she would like to teach elementary Work Order Desk (with exten- brought up by Robert Daniel of the grades, says she likes to be around young sions to Maintenance and Railway Conductors. Inspection Desks) 2-2121 children. Another, a possible high school Other matters raised during the con- Propertv, Transportation, and teacher, says she likes to "mix with ference included: Panama's requirement Keys 2-2122 people." U. S. Rate Quarters Assign- for blood tests .for drivers' licenses; Miss Anderson does not know just how ments Unit . 2-2123 several minor commissary problems; the Local Rate Quarters Assign- many of her Future Teachers have actu- nuisance of barking dogs and noisy cats ments Unit 2-2124 ally become real life teachers. But and what can be done about them; Timekeeper . . . 2-2124 whether they have chosen teaching, some Quarters Cost Clerk 2-2124 women being accosted on Tivoli Avenue; other profession or the life of a homemaker Housing and Assistant Hous- some way in which children can be ing Managers 2-2125 she feels that they have all benefitted

prevented from getting into (SeepagelS) Quarters Record Clerk - 2-2125 from their part in the FTA. THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW May 1,1953 New Offensive Undertaken In Long War Against Canal Zone's Hungry Termites

The old Canal Zone wisecrack that the and the insulation on electrical wiring. "house will fall down if the termites stop They have destroyed jackets on fire hoses holding hands" isn't funny to the Housing and have, eaten through lead sheathing Division. on electric cables. It's too close to the truth to be com- One of their most spectacular local fortable. exploits was to get through 5 inches of No houses have as yet fallen down and concrete (that particular concrete was if the Housing Division has its way they loaded with shells) and into the stationery won't. But it wasn't too long ago that storage room at the Mechanical Division an Ancon couple was wakened rudely (now Industrial Bureau) building in when two legs of their bed went through Balboa. the floor. They spent an uneasy night Undoubtedly a good many Canal Zone with the resurrected bed resting on families have been disturbed at this time planks laid across the hole in the flooring. of year by flying termites which have an Locally, war was declared against unhappy faculty of making a mass appear- termites many years ago and the state ance just about dinner time. One local of war still exists. There are no readily family, so disturbed, had to transfer an available current figures, or even an esti- anniversary dinner party— food, flowers, mate, of the amount of damage done guests and all—to the termite-free home annually by termites to Canal buildings. cf a neighbor.

In 1938, according to official records, If the termite is the No. 1 menace to $21,500 was estimated as "the probable Zone housing, these omniverous pests annual share of Gold quarters main- have theirown particular rankingenemies. tenance in the Balboa-Ancon District Heading the termite list for early elim- ination which might be laid to termite action." RAPACIOUS termites can make a shambles of a undoubtedly are two men, Dr. This figure is now believed to be a gross window frame in no time at all. James Zetek and Robert Morris. Dr. underestimate, in light of current know- Zetek is entomologist here for the U. S. Fourteen of the fifty-six Canal Zone ledge. Department of Agriculture with his work species come under the tongue-twisting And the Department of Agriculture centered at Barro Colorado Island. name of Kalotermitidae. These are the has figures estimating the cost of repair- Mr. Morris, also an entomologist, heads dry wood termites, which nest in window ing buildings in Canal Zone military the comparatively new Forest Insect frames and other such likely places and installations damaged by subterranean Laboratory at the entrance to Curunau. which do not need moisture to exist. termites alone as $500,000 per year. This This is a substation of the Forest Insect The other 42 varieties, which do need estimate was for about the year 1948, Laboratory at Gulfport, Mississippi, and water, are members of the Rhinotermiti- before effective control measures were was established by the Bureau of Entom- dae family. These particular villains are developed. ology and Plant Quarantine of the the termites which live in the ground or Housing officials unhesitatingly declare Department of Agriculture. It was made in trees, making forays from their nests that the termite is public enemy No. 1, possible by a joint agreement between or — more properly — termitariums as far as they are concerned; this busy the Departments of Defense and Agricul- through covered runways to attack and little wood-eating insect causes more ture and consequently Mr. Morris' consume almost any cellulose material deterioration to wood buildings, or to findings are available to the Canal organ- they consider edible. They have been the wood in concrete buildings, than all ization as well as to the military services known to destroy books, clothing and other causes put together. in the Canal Zone. shoes; they have ruined rugs; they turned Both men know enough about termites 1,717 Species Of Termites up in a drawerful of lingerie; and they to make the termites thoroughly uncom- The Department of Agriculture's Year- have absolutely no respect for official fortable. book on Insects, 1952 edition, lists 1,717 records or correspondence, which they Need Not Be Menace species of termites. Of this number, seem to find especially tasty. however, only 56 species are known in the Little stops them. They have gone Several years ago Dr. Zetek, speaking Canal Zone. through gutta percha, rubber, glass wool, before a group of Canal Zone engineers, declared that the termite need not be the menace which everyone considers. Dry wood termites which do not need water will not attack wood treated with certain chemicals. Extensive tests car- ried out at Barro Colorado Island, where 43 of the Canal Zone's 56 termite species are found, show that termites do not attack lumber which has been pressure treated with creosote or zinc chloride. One building, of treated lumber, has stood at Barro Colorado for 29 years without termite damage. Another, built of lumber treated with zinc meta arsenite and built without termite guards, not only has no termite damage but also has never been infested with cockroaches. House 585X in Ancon is of this construction and is holding up well. An even newer method calls for the use of pentachlorephenol, which termites do not care for. At his laboratory Mr. Morris has samples of treated wood fastened to

heavily termite infested wood to see if the termites will pass over into the impregnated material. The tests were started too recently to lie Conclusive as yet, DDT IN DIESEL OIL, poured into a triangular trench, i« of thi wrr methods of termite control adopted by the Canal organization, Some years ago attempts VSespageli) May 1,1953 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW

FOR YOUR INTEREST AND GUIDANCE CCIDENT PREVENTION LML UL !£ Are In addition to these practices, he has accidents. Accidents other tricks to make his accident record It is evident that accidents are symp- Symptoms appear good. He may hold up an injury toms. It is by investigating and report- report on a disabled employee, so the ing every one, regardless of its severity, report will not be recorded within the that causes can be studied for ways and When an accident occurs, it is not the month in which the accident occurred. means to reduce or eliminate accidents. fact you have had an accident that is If his luck holds, a "carry-over" may Some companies hire safety engineers wrong; it is the things that have led up not make so much difference to his next to personally investigate and report on to the accident that are wrong. If you month's safety record. every accident. It is more usual, as in have a headache, the pain can be dulled This type of foreman is entirely missing the Canal Zone Government- Panama by taking a sedative, but as it wears off the point on why he should keep an Canal Company, to have the supervisors, the headache returns. Nowadays, we accurate record of his accident experi- foremen, and bosses investigate and make recognize headaches as symptoms point- ences. In addition to his efforts in trying reports on the accidents within their ing to something else gone wrong, so we to keep his true accident record dark, he units. A good reason for this, according consult a doctor who determines the says that he is a field man who gets to the National Safety Council, is that reason for the pain. Accidents are head- things done, therefore making out reports more accidents are prevented when the aches in more ways than one, but is a measly desk job for others. He claims bosses, high and low, are familiar with primarily they are symptoms. he has 20 years experience running a job all phases of safety work. Some foremen think an accident is so in safety. More than likely he has had The better bosses know that safe important to their safety record that it one year's safety experience repeated 20 operation is a vital part of good manage- becomes necessary for them to minimize times. He tells everybody, not working ment and efficient production. The gain the resultant investigation and tone in the same trade, that they cannot in good-will and respect from his men is down the following publicity, thinking understand the hazards and risks of his not the least of the advantages of safety. their accident record will not suffer. job. He builds these up as something A "minor injury report" is not only a Actually, they are like the fellow with the only he and his men can avoid by their report of an accident, but it is also the headache who is only dulling the pain superior skill. injured employee's notice that he has with aspirin. The efficient foreman realizes that his received an injury in "line of duty." This type of foreman may do other "accident headaches" are an indication If a minor injury develops into a more things to dull his accident headaches. that his unit is not functioning properly. serious injury and time is lost, an em- He has been known to tell his men not to When he has an accident, he knows it is ployee will not appreciate the neglect bother him to make out minor injury too late to prevent that accident, so he of his boss in not having made out a reports for small cuts and bruises. Other salvages all he can. He makes sure the minor injury report. times, he may send them home as being injured person gets immediate medical When the men feel that their boss is sick, when actually they have strained a attention, and by a prompt investigation looking out for their interest by doing back or experienced other serious injury. prevents a recurrence by taking the everything possible to prevent accidents; HONOR ROLL indicated measures. If he cannot find and helps them when they do have an a remedy he seeks help from others. accident, by providing prompt first aid, Bureau Award For This wise foreman knows that his Safety or other necessary medical treatment, BEST RECORD Engineer also has an interest in these and sees that compensation requirements March accidents, so he makes a complete report are met for those entitled to compensa- HEALTH BUREAU on the forms provided for that purpose. tion; then the workers are more apt to COMMUNITY SERVICES BUREAU Then his Safety Engineer, or Inspector, give their full cooperation in trying to determine the prevent all accidents, with the healthful CIVIL AFFAIRS BUREAU can study the symptoms, true causes, and be able to assist him in result of a safer and better place to work, INDUSTRIAL BUREAU working up ways to prevent future with a minimum of lost-time injuries. AWARDS THIS CALENDAR YEAR Civil Affairs 2 Disabling Injuries per 1,000,000 Man-Hours Worked 2 Health MARCH 1953 (Frequency Rale) Industrial 2 Community Services 1 Engineering and Construction 1 Marine Health Bureau 1 Railroad and Terminals mvm Supply and Service Community Services Bureau 'W/A Division Award For NO DISABLING INJURIES Civil Affairs Bureau i March Industrial Bureau i HOSPITALIZATION AND CLINICS

CLUBHOUSE DIVISION Supply and Service Bureau i ELECTRICAL DIVISION C. Z. Govt.—Panama Canal Co. (This month) 8 DIVISION OF STOREHOUSES ma MOTOR TRANSPORTATION DIVISION Marine Bureau 10 ::::::-'::vr:-:v:-::::-1 DIVISION OF SANITATION Engineering and Construction Bureau 11 ! GROUNDS MAINTENANCE DIVISION ^—- AWARDS THIS CALENDAR YEAR C. 1. Govt.— Panama Canal Co. (Best Year) 13 Motor Transportation 3 Clubhouses 2 Railroad and Terminals Bureau :u Dredging 2 2 Electrical 20 30 40 50 Grounds Maintenance 2 Hospitalization and Clinics 2 Number of Disabling Injuries 22 Man-Hours Worked 2,926,034 Maintenance 2 LEGEND Storehouses 2 Sanitation 1 Better Than Canal Zone Government—Panama Canal Company Best Year Commissary I Amount Locks Navigation I Amount Worse Than Canal Zone Government—Panama Canal Company Best Year Railroad Terminals... fyX< : '. ;>'--\ Accumulative Frequency Rate This Year THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW May 1,1953

or discussions depends on subject matter Community Problems Are Most Discussed and amount of public interest in the problems at the time. In Monthly "Shirtsleeve" Conferences Sometimes—One Subject On many occasions, most of the time at the meetings is devoted almost exclu- The houses they live in, health problems, Conferences from the tune they were sively to one subject. This has been and what they buy or what it costs them started in June 1950 up through the true in the case of the housing program, to buy in the Commissaries and Club- meeting in February of this year indicates the rental increases last year, and income houses are subjects uppermost in the the frequency of subjects under discus- tax when it became effective. minds of Canal employees if a cross sion: Many of the subjects introduced are section of the topics discussed at the COMMUNITY PROBLEMS: Hous- under continuing discussion while others Governor-Employee conferences is an ing, 107; health problems, 82; traffic are purely topical. Among the former indicator. and safety, 89; Commissaries, 78; schools, are questions relating to health, schools, The meeting this month will mark the 47; Clubhouses, 21; civil defense, 14; and grounds mainte- commissaries, or clubhouses. "Topical" completion of the third year of the nance or trash and garbage collec- subjects in which intense interest was "shirtsleeve" conferences as they are tion, 9. shown for a time and then dropped have popularly known. The meetings are held MISCELLANEOUS: Rates of pay been income tax, and various operations monthly in the Board Room of the and hours of work, 31; Income tax, of the Panama Line ships. Administration Building with the Gov- 22; relations with Panama, 22; check payments, 14; force reductions, 10; The shirtsleeve conferences are "give- ernor, or in his absence the Lieutenant Panama Canal tolls, 9, and Panama and-take" affairs in which each group Governor, acting as chairman or discus- Line ships, 6. representative has ample opportunity to sion leader. Attending are one or two Few problems are too small and none ask questions or express his own views members of the Governor's staff and are too intricate to come up for discussion or those of the organization he represents. representatives of the labor groups and at the conferences. The meetings are No attempt is made to evade questions Canal Zone Civic Councils. usually opened by a review of the ques- and in practically all cases direct answers The shirtsleeve conferences were initi- tions which have been brought up at are given when they are introduced, ated in June 1950 at the suggestion of previous meetings on which reports are although there are times when one or a group of American Federation of Labor made. Following this, each group repre- more are deferred to later meetings for officials who visited the Isthmus early sentative is requested in turn to bring more complete information. that year to discuss employee-manage- up for discussion any question or ques- The round-table conference plan has ment relations. The basic purpose of tions in which his organization is long since passed the experimental stage the meetings is the same as that of interested. and although there are occasional meet- round-table conferences since man first Very often when these subjects are ings at which only problems of a minor gathered around camp fires—to exchange introduced they are of such general nature are discussed there is general information and discuss or debate interest that a round-table discussion fol- agreement that the system has produced common problems. lows. The extent of these general debates highly satisfactory results. The consensus of those attending the conferences is that they have been highly successful. They provide for the Canal BOYS OUTNUMBER GIRLS IN CLASSES administration a means of giving de- GRADUATING tailed explanations of official actions or Boys outnumber girls in the graduating Boca Occupational High Schools. policies which affect employees and their classes of the Canal Zone secondary A brief resume of the commencement families. It also provides the Governor schools, according to figures compiled by schedule follows, with the schools listed and his assistants with a better knowledge The Panama Canal Review. alphabetically: of the views of employees on problems Late this month 205 capped and Balboa High School, with 182 grad- directly affecting them. gowned young men and 178 young uating— 10 more than last year, will have Direct Way To Top women, also wearing caps and gowns, will its baccalaureate services at 2:30 p. m. the employees, the On the part of attend baccalaureate services. By June 3 May 31 in the Diablo theater. Gradua- conferences provide the most shirtsleeve all graduation exercises will be over. tion exercises will take place at 8 p. m. bringing to the attention direct means of In addition to the 383 students who June 2 in the Balboa theater. administrators matters which of top Canal will receive their diplomas from the Canal Canal Zone JuniorCollege bacca- particu- they feel should be corrected, Zone Junior College and the four Canal laureate and graduation are both to be affairs. They also larly in community Zone high schools, 307 students in the held in the High School library; the bacca- the most direct means of obtain- provide Balboa and Cristobal Junior High Schools laureate at 4 p. m. May 31 and graduation information for the groups ing correct will hold Class Day exercises indicating at 10:30 a. m. June 2. Thirty students policies or con- they represent either on their transfer to Senior High School. will be graduated. actions or changes. templated This year's total of 383 graduates is Cristobal High School will grad- overall viewpoint, the con- From an well below last year's record figure of 550. uate 62, five more than last year. Bacca- ferences have proved highly effective There is no graduating class this year laureate is scheduled for 5 p. m. May 31 scotchers. During the period of rumor from the La Boca Junior College from and graduation for 8 p. m. June 1, both to Canal organization has change which the which 40 students were graduated last take place in the High School auditorium. since the beginning of World undergone year. While the number of graduates La Boca Occupational High War II, rumors of things to come or things for the Canal Zone Junior College and School has 59 graduates this year. Bac- which have happened have often grown Balboa and Cristobal High Schools are calaureate will be held at 10 a. m. May to outsize proportions within a short higher than they were last year, there is a 24 in the School's Study Hall; graduation period. Since the shirtsleeve conferences decrease this year in the number grad- exercises will take place at 10 a. m. May were initiated, most rumors are quietly uating from the Rainbow City and La 31 in the La Boca Clubhouse theater. put to rest by the simple process of Rainbow City Occupational disseminating the correct information on OF IDEAS High School, which is graduating 50 any given subject. HOUSE students, will have baccaulaureate services Most of the topics brought under A "House of Ideas" —a demon- on May 24 and graduation on May 31. discussion at the shirtsleeve conferences stration of tasteful, economical Both will be held at 2:30 in the afternoon relate to community affairs, with labor house furnishing is to be presented of the at the Camp Bierd Clubhouse theater. or personnel problems being secondary this month as a joint project Schools, Housing, Grounds Main- In addition to the college and high reason for this items of discussion. The Divisions. tenance, and Commissary school exercises, there will he Class Days is that well established lines of communi- Also cooperating with Home Eco- for the Cristobal and Balboa Junior High cation between employee groups and the nomic classes which are working out Schools, as follows: administration on such personnel prob- the display are three Panama stores and the Pacific Evergreen Garden Balboa Junior High School: of or conditions of lems as rates pay Club. 1 p. m. May 29 for its 220 eighth grade employment were in existence long before The display house will be one of students, at the Balboa theater. the shirtsleeve conferences began and the new apartments at Paraiso. It will open from 5-9 p. m. daily, High School: these still are used almost exclusively. be Cristobal Junior May 3-10. Sunday hours will be of the topics 5 p. m. May 29 in the school auditorium The following compilation 2-9p. m. discussed at the Governor-Employee for its 87 eighth grade students. ;

May 1,1953 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW OF CURRENT INTEREST

Official Panama Canal Company Publication Published Monthly at BALBOA HEIGHTS, CANAL ZONE

Frinled by the Printing Plant Mount Ilopf, Canal Zone

John S. Seybold, Governor-President

H. 0. Paxson, Lieutenant Governor

E. C. Lombard, Executive Secretary

J. Rufus Hardy, Editor

Eleanor H. McIlhenny Oleva Hastings Editorial Assistants LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Letters containing inquiries, suggestions, criticisms, or opinions of a general nature will be welcomed. Those of sufficient interest will be published but signatures will not be used unless desired.

SUBSCRIPTIONS—$1.00 a year

SINGLE COPIES— 5 cents each On sale at all Panama Canal Clubhouses, Commissaries, and Hotels for 10 days after route of the publication date. FAULT FINDING by machine is a new wrinkle begins to pop. Manholes along the Where a similar popping is SINGLE COPIES BY MAIL— lOcents each for the Electrical Division. cable are then opened. heard, the trouble is located. Frank Cunningham Recently the Fault Finder located, within 5 min- BACK COPIES— 10 cents each William Dorgan, left, and in ground from the Balboa Field Office have hooked the Fault utes, a break in 500 feet of cable buried the On sale when available, from the Vault Panama City Finder—that's it's real name, but they call it the and serving the area around the Clerk, Third Floor, Administration Building, "Firecracker"—to a defective cable. It immediately railroad station. Balboa Heights. Postal money orders should be made pay- are expected to All of the schools will have programs for able to the Treasurer, Panama Canal Com- About 50 young men apprentice the occasion, some including children in pany, and mailed to Editor, The Panama make application for the organi- only one school room, others for two or Canal Review, Balboa Heights, C. Z. training program in the Canai zation which will start in July. more school rooms and some that will be Applicants were to be accepted up given for an entire school or school building. many to the close of business today, May 1 Parents have been invited to attend Ex-Governor Heads examinations will be held May 9 at the of the programs. Diablo Clubhouse. The apprenticeships will provide Road gangs from the penitentiary at Export-Import Bank training in four crafts in the mechan- Gamboa are just completing the clean- ical and electrical fields: Machinists, up of the old Paraiso cemetery. Grass auto repair machinists, plumbers, and has been cut, rocks removed and fresh Major General Glen E. Edgerton, powerhouse operators. The first two white paint placed on all of the crosses Governor of The years of the apprenticeship for power- as well as on the fence around the Panama Canal house operators will be served in train- graves of French engineers Parazols ing as wiremen. and Vignol. to from 1940 1944, The training provided by the appren- The cemetery predates the construc- last month was ticeships extends over a period of four tion of the Canal by American forces. named Chairman vears. It was in existence well before 1905 recently as 1937. of the Board of and was used as Between 1932 and 1937, 80 burials took Directors of the The late starting dry season had some place there, most of them relatives of Export-Import advantages; there were fewer grass fires people whose graves were in the old Bank. The former this year than last. cemetery. season the first fire was reported Governor is also Last dry 31, 1951. Between then and on December Effective May 1 residents of New Cris- a Director of the answered alarms for March 31, firemen tobal and Colon Beach will be liable for a Panama Canal During the dry season 103 grass fires. clog licensing tax, according to a letter to an end, the first Company. He is which is just coming received bv Canal authorities from Colon reported until January 29. the second member of the Canal Com- fire was not Alcalde Jose D. Bazan. The tax will be Up to March 31 there had been only 67 pany's Board to be named to a high $3 per year. grass fires. In his letter Alcalde Bazan said that the Government position this year. T. Cole- tax is payable only at the office of the man Andrews, a Company Director since Municipal' Treasurer. There will be no of July is more than 2 months 1951, was recently appointed U. S. Com- Fourth special collectors this year. He warned for the annual Inde- away but plans that anvone representing himself as a col- missioner of Internal Revenue. celebration are already pendence Day lector for the dog tax should be reported Present at the ceremony when General under wav. at once to the Colon or Cristobal police or Pacific side, the Pacific Civic Edgerton was sworn in as an Export- On the to the Alcalde's office. is charge of the July 4 cele- Import Bank Director was Edward S. Council in bration. Sam Roe, council president, Bank's Assistant Secretary Conger, the and Emmett Zemer are co-chairmen, Five municipal districts created in the is known on the Isthmus. who well with Mrs. Bronson Rigby as secretary- Canal Zone October 24, 1904, were located Conger's mother is a member of treasurer. Mr. at Ancon, Empire, Gorgona, Buena Vista, for a dance at the the Shuber family of Panama City. He Present plans call American Legion Club the evening of and Cristobal. They were administered has visited the Isthmus several times, five. Each July 3, a Friday. A day of athletic and by an appointed council of once comparatively recently. for July patriotic events is scheduled had a mayor, a judge, a secretary, and Edgerton saw his first service 4 with the climax of the celebration General treasurer. display. with the Canal organization in 1908-09, the night fireworks immediately after his graduation from the 1906, an invitation was Military Academy at West Point. He On October 9, Music week will lie observed in the Canal Isthmian Canal Commission returned to the Canal Zone in 1936 as issued by the Zone schools from May 3 to 10. The theme for proposals to complete the construction Engineer of Maintenance, succeeding of this year's observance is "Enrich Your Canal by contract. Col. Clarence Ridley as Governor in 1940. Life with Music." of the THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW May 1,1953 THE GOVERNOR'S HOUSE—

of three stories with a kitchen and servants quarters in a separate building. It was to have had 15 bedrooms, each with its own bath, a roof garden and a 55- by 48-foot drawing room. It was estimated that between 12 and 15 serv- ants would be necessary to keep it up and that its completed cost would be in the vicinity of $200,000. In late 1906, before anything but its exterior was completed, Mr. Stevens ordered that it be converted to an Administration Building and this it be- came about a year later, housing offices of the Sanitary Department, police head- quarters, schools, the collector of reve- nues the paymaster, etc. About 1915 a considerable portion of the building was turned over for use by the District Court, which is still located there, although some Army offices and some units of the Canal remained in the building for a while.

Goethals Lived in 159 BUILT at Culebra in 1906 as the Chief Engineer's residence, quarters 159 was moved in 1914 to Balboa Heights where it has served since that time as the Governor's house. But back to Culebra. When Lt. Col. George Washington Goethals succeeded Mr. Stevens as Chief Engineer he moved into the residence at Culebra. This was in March 1907. Since Colonel Goethals was also chairman of the Isthmian Canal Commission his home became the Canal Zone's ranking quarters. Altogether, at Culebra and at Balboa Heights, the Goethals family occupied building 159 for 10 years. In the early part of 1914, with the Canal nearing completion, its headquar- ters were transferred to Balboa Heights. Along with the moving of offices and files, desks, and people, came the transfer of some of the old houses. The quarters of the present Lieutenant Governor, and Marine Director, as well as the Balboa Clubhouse and the now- non-existent Pedro Miguel Clubhouse were among those brought in from "along the line." The buildings were dismantled in large sections, the sections carefully numbered, loaded vertically onto flat cars and moved the 10 miles—as a buzzard flies— to their new locations. The present Governor's house cost A POKTE COCHERE and widened porches have altered the appearance of the one-time Chief $19,773.18 to build, according to old files. Engineer's residence, now' the home of the Governor of the Canal Zone. That isn't much as houses go these days

but it was quite a lot for a residence Forty-seven years ago John F. Stevens, used for quarters for bachelors and almost 50 years ago. The cost of moving famed railroad executive and Chief married employees." the house from Culebra to Balboa Engineer for the Isthmian Canal Com- Inevitably the location of these build- Heights -including its re-erection—was mission, packed up his belongings and ings at Culebra was known as "Brains approximately $16,300. moved from Panama City into his new Hill." Housed 11 Governors home in Culebra. Built as a residence for the Chief The house he left became the United Engineer, the building which is on the Including Goethals and the present States Legation building; the house into records as "No. 159" was not at first Governor, Brig. Gen. John S. Seybold, which he moved is now the residence of intended for use as the Governor's House. 11 Canal Zone Governors have occu- the Governor of the Canal Zone. The same report of the Isthmian Canal pied the residence. Each, in some Although it now stands some 10 air Commission which reports the erection of way or another, has left his imprint on miles from its original location, the big the buildings at Culebra says: "The work Building 159. frame building which is the Governor's of the construction of a permanent resi- The second Governor, Col. Chester house has not changed a great deal since dence for the Governor of the Canal Zone Harding, had a porte-cochere added at it was built. was begun during the year. This build- the front, entrance over the circular drive. Porches have been widened, a porte- ing is being constructed of concrete blocks (This circular drive led to complaints cochere and carport added, and some which are made in a plant in Ancon, and from a later Governor that the motoring modernization done. But basically the is intended as the permanent residence of public was using it as a turn-around building is the same as that which was the Governor of the Canal Zone not only place.) constructed in Culebra in 1906, when, during the construction of the Canal but During the administration of Col. according to a report of the Isthmian afterwards." Meriwether L. Walker, 1924-29, some Canal Commission, "in addition to the The site for the Ancon building, known general alterations were made, the prin- Administration Building there were erec- as Santa Rosa, was selected after long cipal one being the widening of the side ted residences for the Chief Engineer and deliberation. Originally the house was veranda to 15 feet, almost double its the Master Builder and 13 other houses to be of brick with a marble stucco, and original width. This screened veranda, —

May 1,1953 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW 41 YEARS OF LOCAL HISTORY which runs the full 80-foot depth of the house and which overlooks the trim, well-shrubbed lawn where large recep- tions are often held, is one of the beauty spots of the house. After Governor Walker, succeeding (lovernors turned their attention to the furnishings. Much of the original equip- ment and furniture was replaced during the administration of Col. Harrv Burgess, 1928 32. The greater part of the furniture had been used since L906 and included some pieces which had been in the Chief En- gineer's House in Panama City and presumably were of French origin. Much was neither traditional nor beautiful. The only old pieces now remaining are a marble-topped console in the living room which dates back to Goethals' day, the rectangular mahogany dining table and its 36 reed-seated chairs, which are between 35 and 40 years old, and two mahogany armchairs of uncertain age which were left by previous occupants.

Silver and China During the Burgess period the Gover- nor's house acquired its first official china. COOL GRAYS and blue-greens, with tropical plants and flowers, bring the outdoors indoors in *he living room at the Governor's House. For family use there is a service of Rose Minton, but for official entertaining there is another Minton pattern. This has a is surprisingly small, considering its iron chairs, with glass topped tables, in wide colored band, a narrow gold border over-all size, but almost all of them are the living room, where there is also a and the Canal Zone Seal in gold. Flat larger than average. The first floor con- handsome Frencl Provincial cabinet. silver bearing the Canal Zone Seal was also tains a library, a large hall, the living Cushions are covered either in blue-green, added at this time, as was new table and room, the big formal dining room, the almost an aquamarine, or in pearl gray. bed linen, all woven with the Canal porches, a guest suite of bedroom and Chinese rugs, and a few smaller orientals, Zone Seal. bath, and the large kitchen and serving cover the floor. During the next administration, that of pantry. As in a good many houses here there Col. Julian L. Schley, five great silver The Governor and Mrs. Seybold are no window draperies, but baskets of punchbowls were purchased and between their only son, Jack, is in college in ferns hang in the window openings. 1936 and 1940, when Col. Clarence S. California—do most of their family living The furniture on the porch is wicker, Ridley was Governor, two huge candel- upstairs where there is a library, a long painted a soft French gray with cushions abra were purchased. porch and five bedrooms and four baths. covered in figured and plain material in No structural changes of any impor- Mrs. Seybold hopes to have pictures of which green, brown, coral, and chartreuse tance have been made since the mid- her predecessors as First Lady hung in predominate. twenties, but the interior decorating has the upstairs library. The household staff is headed by changed with practically every family. Servants' quarters and the laundry are Norman Vincent Fraser, who has been at The panelled walls of the "public rooms" in a small, one-story building adjacent Building 159 since 1927. His position downstairs, which for several years were to the main house. is officially described as that of "Cus- painted the pale green known throughout Most Governors have brought with todian," but his duties are myriad at the the Isthmus as Governor's green, are now them their own furniture, at least their big house. He learned the duties of a cool off-white. favorite pieces, and the Seybolds are no butler at a school conducted by the The number of rooms in the residence exception. Mrs. Seybold has wrought Reverend Arthur F. Nightengale in Ancon during the early 1920's. He is a walking encyclopedia of Governor's House history. He thoroughly enjoys taking people through the house and recalling the long list of distinguished guests who have visited the Governor's house. They include President Franklin D. Roosevelt, a guest there twice during the late 1930's, and Mrs. Roosevelt who stayed for several days at the Governor's House in 1944. Over the years the guests who have been entertained at the Governor's house make up a long list of presidents, gen- erals, cabinet members, diplomats, authors, and scientists. Formal dinner parties and luncheons are limited by space to 24, although 36 have been fitted in now and then. Big parties, like the large official receptions which overflow onto the lawn, run to as many as 600 guests. The biggest party which Fraser recalls was for the officers of the visiting U. S. fleet, during the Burgess days. He can't remember just how many there were, but, he says, "There were three bands fleet right ORIGINALLY PLANNED as the Governor's house but never used as such, this is now the District and it looked like the whole Court building at Ancon. out on our lawn." —

10 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW May 1,1953

They Won— international Girl, Boy Scouts Celebrates Anniversaries

(.Continued from page 2) Mrs. Hutch- inson, the director, is a graduate of the La Boca Normal School. While she was teaching, she started a baby-sitting club for junior high school girls at Santa Cruz. Later, in Paraiso, she became interested in working with a group of sixth-grade girls. Through Mrs. Will Pence of Ancon she learned—and passed on to the girls such crafts as making bags from coconuts and temblequcs from fish scales. Boy Scouting Like the Girl Scouts, the Boy Scouts have grown, and still are growing, rapidly. Within a few months after the IBS was organized in 1947 its membership was some 200 boys, working with 75 adults. Today that number has almost tripled. At the present time particular em- phasis is being laid on the program for Cubs who, aged 8 to 11, are the youngest of the three Scout groups. A new Cub- bing Committee has recently been organ- ized. It is headed by Harold Rerrie of Rainbow City, with Daniel T. Foster, also of Rainbow City, as Cub Commissioner. The biggest project which the IBS now

has on hand is securing a permanent camp site for all year round camping. Much stress is laid in the entire IBS pro- gram on good citizenship and brotherhood. Toward that end, 10 boys and a leader attended the First Caribbean Jamboree PRIZEWINNERS in the annual Police Pistol in the 194S shoot. Last year, as this year, he tied _ Shoot pose with their winnings. for first place but this year he was high on the "dead in March of last year in Jamaica. This Left to right are: Paul S. Stewart, Cristobal license range"—the 25- and 15-yard and the bobbing tar- year the Canal Zone International Boy examiner, first; Sidney Hayes of the Balboa station, gets and in case of a tie, high score on the dead — Scouts have been invited to the Boy second; and Howard J. Toland of the Pedro Miguel range determines the winner. Scouts of America National Jamboree in station, third. This year's scores were: Stewart, 194; Hayes, 194; Mr. Stewart is a two-time winner; he placed first Toland," 191. California but lack of funds will probably prevent them from going. Boy Scout Week During Boy Scout week last month, the International Boy Scouts had as their theme: "Helping others, That's Scout- ing." They attended church in uniform; raised flags at their schools, held "Cub- erees" at Paraiso and Rainbow City; ELECTRIC that work on 25- which contains HAIR DRYERS A ONE-POUND package observed a Community Service Day and or 60 cycle current would make a practical about five kinds of cold cuts is being added a Loyalty Day; and climaxed the week present for Mother's Day, May 10. They to the line of Commissary pre-packaged meat are available in the Commissaries, of course, items. The "party-paks" of lunch meat will by awarding honors to the Outstanding and cost $17.50. cost about 54 cents. Leader, Senior and Intermediate Scout and Cub of the Year. Mothers would also be pleased to receive Fresh frozen beef pies, ready to heat and serve, these Scouts of the Year will one of the folding umbrellas that are ry have been ordered as a novelty Next year during as For expected in the stores about the first item and will be available —prob- appear on posters Scout week, Rainy of May. They are in plaids and k.. ably for a short time— in the frozen last year's honorees did this year. Days solid colors and fold to a convenient food sections. The beef pies are Ellis L. Fawcett, principal of Red half size of the usual umbrella. They a Swanson product. Tank school, is IBS president. He cost $5.85. New nylon umbrellas of the conventional type will also be arriving in TOMAHAWK BOOTS by Trimfoot, avail- headed the committee which drew up the the stores about the same time. They will able in the shoe sections, will enchant the organization's bylaws. Last year he cost about $4.35. small fry. Black ones, for instance, for in- was awarded a "Thank You" badge and fants, children, and teenagers, are black named "Councilman of the Year." FATHER will have his day on the calendar leather with moccasin type toes, red and was on June 21. Forward looking shoppers white decoration around the tops and big Mr. George, whose 4-year-old son, Tony, might consider getting him a Black & Decker bright sur-nuff boot straps the kind you pull wears a junior size replica of his father's electric drill or one of the saw attachments for yourself up by. In sizes for infants and uniform, is a native Zonian. The Scout it that are new in the Commissaries. The saw children, the boots are also available in Director was born at Gorgas Hospital. for the 1 4-inch portable electric drill is com- apache red, golden wheat, and choctaw plete with four chrome alloy blades and costs brown. He began Scouting in Panama in the $7.65. The drill costs $22.75. British Baden Powell movement, when Pasta Fazool, as the Italians make it and like he was between 7 and S years old. He There is now Irish Beef Tenderloin in the it, is .now sold in cans in the had only one achievement to complete Beef from Commissaries that costs 98 cents Something Commissaries. It contains macar- Ireland a pound whole or $1.10 sliced. New oni, beans, tomato paste, onions, for the King Scout badge, highest olive oil, spices and pure cream- awarded, when the movement disbanded. SOMETHING NEW and terrific in the field ery butter. Il is all ready to heat and serve Later he was Canal Zone Commissioner of silver cleaners is expected in the Commis- and a can, enough for three to five people, for the Panama Boy Scouts, his territory saries about the first of May. It is Wilbert's costs about 26 cents.

No-Rub Silver Dip and it means just what the The pasta fazool is Torino brand, the same covering La Boca to Gamboa. name says. You dip silver in it (or, for large as the lentil soup, continental style, that is He served as International Boy Scout pieces, apply a light coaling), rinse off the also available in the Commissaries. The Commissioner from January to June 1947, polish, dry the silver and it's polished soup has lentils, carrots, chicken fat, onions, when he was appointed IBS director. without elbow greasel And it cleans the potatoes, celery, and seasoning. toughest tarnish in the same fast and certain way. COMMISSARY PEOPLE recently returned By December 1, 1906, quarters were from markets in the United States report that available for all bachelor employees of the Copper-Brite Cleaner is another one you terry cloth is the thing for sports clothes for Isthmian Canal Commission. Only 375 For the should know about. It does a men, women and children. A few terry family quarters were available at that Brass quick and good cleaning job on cloth sport shirts for men were purchased and copper and brass. will be arriving on the Isthmus soon. time. 6

May 1,1953 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW 11

The Panama Canal is nearing its half period will be told only in history books reached the age of compulsory retirement- century of existence as an American or recounted by second generation em- The list of old timers still in service enterprise. Next Monday one of the ployees in the organization. has rapidly decreased within the past most important anniversaries of a long Among the tens of thousands of men few years. There were nearly 400 just list of great events will take place. It is and women who came from the United eight years ago but the list had shrunk the anniversary of the transfer of the States to help build the Panama Canal, to 106 names when it was printed in the rights and properties of the second only 33 who were employed during that first issue of Thk Panama Canal Review, French Canal Company to the United period remain in service. Several of of May 1950, as an honor roll of the

States Government. these are scheduled to retire during the organization. There were .">:', in service The transfer took place at 7:30 o'clock coming year and by 1900 all employees last May on the Canal's birthday. in the morning of May 4, 1904, in the with construction service will have Twelve Hold Medal building then known as the Hotel de la Compagnie. The building, which fronts Of the 33 still in service on the 49th 1906 on Cathedral Plaza in Panama City, now anniversary, only 12 are holders of the •Vincent G. Raymond December 10 houses the Panama Post Office. coveted Roosevelt Medal awarded to The ceremony was brief and simple. 1907 those employees with two or more years It consisted chiefly of the transfer of of continuous construction service. Five Florence E. Williams —March 1 keys to the various French Canal Com- of the old timers have continuous service 1908 pany properties, the signing and delivery records with the Canal organization. October 26 of a $40,000,000 receipt in Spanish, •Charles P. Morgan— In this issue of the Review are carried English, and French, and raising the 1909 the pictures of the "Class of 1960," the United States flag over the building. baby members of the now small and select Adrien M. Bouche—July 2 Entrusted with the important mission circle of old timers. They are the ones 1910 was Lieutenant Mark Brooke, a young who, if they choose to remain until their officer of the U. S. Army Corps of Engin- *George H. Cassell—January 29 retirement age, will be the very last eers, who had been designated to act for •Raymond B. Ward—June 13 construction day workers in service. Not the United States Government in the •Raymond A. Koperski—June 27 strangely, all five are the sons of men absence of his commanding officer. The the Canal 1911 who worked for Isthmian ceremony was witnessed by only a few Commission and all began work in •ERNEST C. COTTON—February 20 spectators, including officials of the their 'teens. Lea K. Dugan June, of the United States and — Government The complete list of the men and •GEORGE N. ENGELKE—September 5 Panama. Canal •Bernard W. Mclntyre—September 28 women who began working for the Began Construction Period while it was still being built and who are *Gregor Gramlich—October 14 The event signaled the opening of a still in service to help run it on the 49th •Berney J. Robinson—October 30 10-year period of intense activity on the anniversary appears here. The names 1912 Isthmus of Panama which resulted in one of those with continuous service are of the great sagas of man's achievement. Samuel J. Deavours—March 1 indicated in capital letters, and holders Only a few years remain until the •Robert W. Hutchings—April 26 of Roosevelt Medals are indicated by (*). events of the stirring Canal construction Thomas J. Breheny—November 1 George C. Orr—December 5 ARTHUR MORGAN—December 16

1913 Otto A. Sundquist—January IS Bernard J. McDaid—February 19 Leonidas H. Morales H.—March 1 David W. Ellis—June 11 Arthur J. Farrell—June 28 Edward P. Walsh—July 1 EMMETT ZEMER—July 10 Harold P. Bevington—August 16 Eric E. Foreman—November 4 Bert G. Tydeman—November 22 Mai LeRoy Dodson—December 10 William V. Brugge—December 17 1914

LEON F. HALLETT— February 14 Clarendon Sealy— March 6 ADRIEX M. BOUCHE Samuel L. Souder—March 24 ROBERT W. HUTCHINGS

HAROLD P. BEVIXGTON WILLIAM V. BRUGGE 12 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW May 1,1953

Highest Draft Quota Capt. Frank Munroe Due This Month To Become Canal Marine Director Set For Canal Zone Capt. Frank A. Munroe, Jr., USN, Republic Steel Corporation. has been assigned to duty with the Captain Munroe was recalled to active A draft quota of 60, the highest set so Panama Canal Company and will succeed duty with the Navy in 1940 and served in far for the Canal Zone, has been estab- Capt. Marvin J. West as Marine Director the Southwest Pacific Area during World lished for the month of May by Selective when he leaves early in June. War II. After the close of the war he Service headquarters in Washington. Captain West, who has been on duty was assigned to duty with the Bureau of The Canal Zone quota for April was with the Canal since July 1949, has been Personnel in Washington as head of the 45, compared with former quotas that assigned to duty in San Diego, Calif., Personnel Plans Branch, and later was have ranged from 10 to 15 monthly since as commanding officer of the U. S. Naval in command of U. S. S. Hamul, a destroy- the establishment of the local Selective Receiving Station there. served He er-tender assigned with the U. S. Naval Service organization in June 1951. three years as Port Captain in Balboa forces in European waters. The higher quotas, coupled with a and was appointed Marine Director last He is presently on duty as commanding decrease in the backlog of non-citizen June upon the retirement of Capt. Robert officer of the U. S. Naval Receiving volunteers for Army service, increased M. Peacher. Station in Seattle, Wash. the possibility that U. S. citizen regis- The new Marine Director was born in Captain and Mrs. Munroe, and their trants might be drafted for the first time Annapolis, Md., and was graduated from daughter Joan, are expected to arrive by local Selective Service boards. the Naval Academy in the same class on the Isthmus about 23. In addition All those inducted so far to fill Canal with Captain West in 1925. He resigned May Zone quotas have been volunteers, a after three years of active duty to enter to their daughter who will accompany total of 291 since June 1951. Only five private business. He was emploved for them, they have a married daughter and of that number were United States 10 years, from 1930 to 1940, with the a son who is serving in the Navy. citizens. of April 25 there were about 45 As New Offensive Againsl C. Z. Termites the bottom of this trench. Half of the volunteers on Selective Service lists; this earth is then replaced and another third (.Continued from page 4 were made to number, however, changes daily as others of the DDT solution poured over that. wipe out termite colonies underground volunteer, some are inducted, and some The remaining third is poured over the by blowing a small amount of Paris are disqualified for service on the basis refilled trench. green into a broken tunnel run. The of pre-induction physicial examinations. Entomologists become impatient when worker termites tracked through the the same date there were 469 termites are called white ants. They On poison. Other workers licked the arsenic United States citizens in the Canal Zone aren't ants at all. For one thing, ants from the bodies of the first group. They registered for selective service, 164 of have slender waistlines. Termites are died, and were eaten by others. Even- whom were classified 1-A. relatives of prehistoric cockroaches. They tually the whole colony—workers, fierce have caste systems worked out to a soldiers, and the terrifically fertile kings fine point. and queens became termite ghosts. 41 Cents Hourly Minimum — Caste System But sometimes the termites got wise. Becomes Effective May 3 Dry wood termites have only two They might wall off the casualties and castes: Soldiers, which protect the colony, not eat them. And the arsenic was Approximately 400 local rate em- and a reproductive form, which repro- dangerous to humans and animals if any ployees — 160 of them full-time work- duces. The colony's work is done by the increases of of it spilled. ers—will receive pay two immature young. Colonies of dry wood to four cents an hour effective with the Preventive Measures termites are much smaller than those of pay period beginning next Monday. So now, rather than trying to wipe out the subterranean variety. The pay increase is the result of a the colonies the entomologists recommend wage of 41 cents an The latter have a three caste system: new minimum that they be kept from their tasty morsels hour which was announced April 15 Workers, soldiers, and the nobility which floors frames Heights. It will total about of beams and and picture at Balboa is made up of kings and queens and their $25,000 a year and will affect the lowest- and books and furniture. It can be done alternates. paid employees in the organization. in several ways. After the colonizing flight, which occurs The increase in the minimum wage One method which is now being used by scale is the fifth since the present local here about the beginning of the rainy the Canal organization is poisoning of the rate wage schedule was established in season, a king and queen seal themselves ground around houses. Specifications for February 1948. At that time the into their nest. The queen begins to minimum wage was set at 22 cents an all housing being built under this fiscal lay eggs. Like most young couples, just hour. Later the minimum was raised year's program call for ground poisoning to 26 cents, then to 33 cents, and starting married life, they have to do all under concrete floor slabs and around the finally to 37 cents an hour. the work themselves at first: The termite perimeter of all quarters. Sodium arsen- equivalent of cooking, cleaning, and ite is being used under the floors and baby-tending. 5 percent DDT in a Diesel oil solution New Piece Of Fire Equipment As the colony increases in size the around the buildings. workers take over the eating of the cellu- Since these termite control measures Ready For Shipment To Zone lose and feeding the predigested material are new in housing specifications this to the other members of the colony. year, work is now underway to "termite Another new piece of fire equipment The queen knows how many soldiers, proof"—as much as possible—grounds for the Canal's Fire Division is due to how many workers to produce. Even- around quarters built in the two previous leave New York next week via the Panama tually she settles down to her lifetime years. Teams from the Grounds Main- Line for the Canal Zone. job and may produce as many as 30,000 tenance Division are working around eggs a day. Last year the Division's equipment 45 Pacific side quarters, in Ancon and Among these are the eggs of a com- was augmented by the addition of the Diablo Heights, and 17 in Margarita paratively small number of the reproduc- first aerial ladder truck to be stationed in which were built in fiscal years 1950 tive caste, the winged adults which the Canal Zone. and 1951. emerge each year to establish new colonies. This year's purchase, which will be At the same time these teams are Unlike most forms of life, the termites assigned to the Balboa station, is a moving to a termite-proof distance from (at, work, and reproduce 24 hours a day. Seagrave "Triple Combination," which the houses all shrubbery and vines. Ogden Nash says: consists of a 1,000-gallon pump, a hose Green, growing things which touch the carrier and a booster tank. The booster houses are perfect bridges over which "Some primal termite knocked on wood tatted it and it good. tank is used in extinguishing small fires termites can make their way from their And found your Cousin which do not require the laying of hose underground homes. And that is irhy May through the parlor today." from a hydrant. Oil Into A Trench Fell floor

The truck is 24 feet over-all in length. After the too-close shrubbery has been The Housing Division, the Grounds It will replace one of the 11-year-old removed and replanted, the Grounds Maintenance people, entomologists like Fords which are simply trucks equipped Maintenance teams excavate a V-shaped Dr. Zetek, and Mr. Morris and other with a fire pump and a compartment for trench, a foot wide at the top and a foot agencies here are all trying to keep the carrying about 1,000 feet of hose. deep. DDT in Diesel oil is poured into parlor floor intact. May 1,1953 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW 13 Santa Cruz Teacher Combines Love Ten Years Ago For Teaching, Baseball, Farming In April

A. L. B. Morgan, Principal of the April 15, 1943, was really a big day in Santa Cruz Elementary School, follows the Canal Zone. a moderate middle course in his educa- Right hand driving went into effect. tional philosophy and practice. The lights came on again after the He has read a lot about the varied ideas long-time wartime blackout. collectively called "progressive educa- 1 43k\ Three new highways or sections of tion," has observed many progressive highways were opened to the public: The changes in the local school system and Trans-Isthmian Highway north of Mad- combines experience and theory to form m den Dam; the relocated section of Bruja his own educational beliefs. Road on the west side of the Third Locks In his opinion, the old time school construction area and north of Mira- systems that dealt primarily with dis- flores Locks; and a relocated and paved cipline and the "three R's" failed to road to Gamboa. provide students sufficient experiences mU>** ' The "drastic changes" in blackout within which their tastes and talents ' 1 regulations provided that street lights could be developed. would be on from sunset to 1 1 o'clock at He recalls that when he first taught night and interior lights in houses could in the Canal Zone, starting in 1921, the be used all night long, provided there was curriculum consisted of reading, writing, -H no glare or beam of light cast outside arithmetic, and spelling, which were ^m\ buildings. The Commanding General "doubled up" to fill a full school day. cautioned, however, that the change "in Although he would not choose to take no way means that the Canal Zone is out education back to those days, he disagrees of danger of attack nor that there can be also with the far forward wing of "pro- A. L. B. MORGAN', principal of the Santa Cruz any relaxation in the vigilance or alert- gressive education" because he believes school, has never missed a day in his 33 years of ness of our defense." it provides educators too little control teaching. over the development of students. Formal ceremonies attended the opening He thinks children should be guided other vegetables that could have served of only one of the new Isthmian roads— by educators to many of the "good as models for seed catalogs. the Trans-Isthmian Highway—"to be things" to provide a background of Mr. Morgan learned some of his known as the Boyd-Roosevelt Highway." experience before they can be considered agricultural lessons by teaching them, Panamanian President Ricardo Adolfode capable ot making their own choices. in the days that school gardens provided la Guardia and his cabinet took part in a And on the human side, he adds, "There vocational training in the schools. Prob- ceremony in Colon celebrating the event may also be nice traits of personality ably he also absorbed some knowledge of and then drove over the new highway to you can develop." plants and soils from growing up on his the Pacific side. Curriculum Expanded father's farm in Jamaica, where he also The new road to Gamboa shortened the acquired, by doing a lot of riding, a Foremost among the improvements in distance by about half a mile and replaced lifelong interest in horse racing. the local school system since Mr. Morgan a "high crown asphalt road too narrow the Zone is, has been teaching in Canal A Yankee Fan for modern vehicular traffic." The new in his opinion, the great expansion of Probably his present first sports enthu- road had been relocated from the Madden curriculum, providing students and teach- siasm is baseball, more specifically, the Highway underpass to the Chagres River. broader framework within ers a much New York Yankees. He explains he Paving was also started in April on which aptitudes can be discovered and chose them for his own when he first a new section of Bruja Road between Cocoli developed. encountered in the Canal Zone the and Thatcher Highway. Equipment and teaching methods also American institution of baseball. He have improved greatly since he first learned to root for the Yankees in the New Rents Effective On July 5 he says. started teaching at Silver City, Babe Ruth days and has never found He had taken teacher's training in any good reason to change his loyalties. (Continued from page I) OCCUpants two Jamaica and served as student teacher The Santa Cruz School, with its 560 months in advance of the change. but left the teaching profession to enter students and 18 teachers, is a demanding The application of interest will require the Army during World War I. He full time job but the Principal always the major increases on those houses built : served 3 2 years with a British West manages to find time to take part in within the past five-year period. Within Indian Regiment in Egypt and Palestine many community activities. this group the increases will amount to as a company quartermaster sergeant. about $20 a month for composite of type Out of the Army, he first came to the He was one the organizers of the houses, such as those in the San Juan Isthmus in 1920 and was employed as an Gamboa Federal Credit Union, played area in Ancon, and to a maximum of office clerk in the Gatun Commissary, a part in the formation of the Inter- about $15 a month for new masonry where he worked for about six months. national Girl Scouts in the Canal Zone, quarters. Then he passed an examination for formerly served on the Executive Council Increases will be lower on composite- teachers and became an instructor in of the International Boy Scout organiza- type houses built before the present the Canal Zone schools. tion and frequently serves as speaker at housing replacement program was begun He taught briefly at La Boca before school and community gatherings. in 1948. These will vary widely and will being transferred during the first term He reads a lot, particularly professional average about $2 a week per unit, with a to the grade school at Silver City. He books, religion, and history. He writes maximum of about $13 a month. remained there for 11 years, teaching at poetry; his own favorites are Words- To avoid excessive variations in rents various times in all of the eight grades. worth and Emerson. But his real first for any particular type of houses an He was named Principal of the La Boca interest is politics, particularly on the average construction cost will be used school in 1933 and remained there until international level where he can watch, within each type. In some instances the 1945, when he transferred to his present as he puts it, "statesmen matching wits original cost of construction varied as position. against each other." much as 100 percent for houses of the Has Never M issed A Day Although he is not a teaching principal, same type and design built over a 20-year In all those years he has never missed he likes to teach and always welcomes period. the opportunity to take a class as much as an hour of work—a record when there Interest charges will be higher in the is other available. he attributes to his own formula for life no teacher early years of the life of the house and and health "Eat the right kind of food, His greatest pleasure is the thought of lower in the later years, paralleling the work hard, and rest well." the hundreds of boys and girls he has decline in interest cost as the undepre- His interest in "the right kind of food" worked with in the schools, many of ciated value of the house goes down. served until recently as one of his prin- whom evince in their own lives his own This procedure will, in effect, also cipal "extra-curricular" enthusiasms. He most cherished belief that the purpose of recognize the desirability factor in newer raised tomatoes, cucumbers, corn, and life is service. houses. 1,1953 14 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW May

THIS MONTH'S CALENDAR ANNIVERSARIES

VFW Auxiliary. Post No. 3822 Home. 7:30 Employees who observed important anni- —Track Foremen, Balboa B & B Shops. 26 —Operating Engineers No. 595, Balboa Lodge versaries during the month of April are —VFW Post No. 3857, Cristobal Veterans Club. Hall. 7 p. m. 9 a. m. VFW Post No. 100. Old Bov Scout Building. listed alphabetically below. The number Employees No. 23160, Balboa Lodge Cristobal, 7:30 p. m. Postal of years includes all Government service Hall. 7:30 p. m. American Legion Post No. 7, Fort Clayton. the or agencies. Pedro Miguel Civic Council. Girl Scout House. 7:30 p. m. with Canal other Those 27—Governor-Employee Conference, Board Room. with continuous service with the Canal are Civic Council. Mar- Building. 2 p. m. Cristobal-Margarita Administration indicated with (*). garita Clubhouse, 7:30 p. m. American Legion Auxiliary Unit 2. I egion VFW Post No. 727, Fort Clayton. 7:30 p. m. Home. Old Cristobal. 7:30 p. m. 40 YEARS VFW Post No. 3822, Curundu Road. 7:*U p. m. .11 NE Legion K. ol C. Hall American Legion Post No. 3, Gatun 1 Postal Employees No. 23160, 'Thomas M. Kaufman, Steam Engi- Hall, 7:30 p. m. Margarita, / :30 p. m, neer, Terminals Division. ,- Meatcutters and Butchers No. 121, Officers Pedro Miguel Civic Council, Girl Scout House. Home. 7:30 p. m. Teachers No. 228, Auditorium. Cristobal High Cristobal- Margarita Civic Council. Mar School. 3:30 p. m. garita Clubhouse. 7:30 p. m. Lester F. Bailey, Accountant, Industrial Community Center. Clayton. 7:30 p. m. Gamboa Civic Council, VFW Post No. 727, Fort Bureau. 3822, Curundu Road. 7:30 p. m. ; 10 p. m. VFW Post No. Gatun Civic Council, Gatun Clubli" i American Legion Post 3, Gatun Legion Hall, Paul M. Disharoon, Chief Engineer 7:30 p. m. (Floating Crane), Dredging Division. 811, Balboa Lodge Hall. 7:30 Meatcutters and Butchers No. 121, Officer's Machinists No. 2— "Lucille A. Waters, Accounting Clerk, Home. 7:30 p. m. Association, Building 283. Civic Council, Community Center. Office of the Comptroller. i — Isthmian Nurses Gamboa Hospital, 8 p. m. 7:30 p. m. 30 YEARS VFW Post No. 40, Wirz Memorial Building. Gatun Civic Council. Gatun Clubhouse. 7:30 7:30 p. m. Hall. Leo B. Clements, Supervisor, Mainte- r- Marine Engineers, Gamboa Goll Club. / p. m. Machinists No. 811, Balboa Lodge 7:30 Carpenters and Joiners No. 667, Margarita nance Division. Clubhouse. 7:30 p. m. 3— Isthmian Nurses Association, Building 281. Tona O. Maas, Accounting Clerk, Motor No. 400 with Boilermakers Nos. Hospital. S p. m. i Blacksmiths Gorgas Transportation Division. 263 and 471, K. of C. Hall, Margarita, 7:30 VFW Post No. 40, Wirz Memorial Building. 7:30 p. m. John Hower, Senior Chief Towboat No. 157, Balboa Club- Engineers, Jewish Welfare Board. / I —Sheetmetal Workers 4— Marine Engineer, Dredging Division. house. 9:30 a. m. Plumbers No. 606, K. of C. Hall. -Margarita, Carpenters and Joiners No. 667, Margarita 25 Y-EARS 'Mil a. m. Clubhouse. 7:30 p. m. I— Machinists No. 699, K. of C. Hall. Margarita, 5—American Legion Post 6, Gamboa Legion C. Roland Jones, Assistant Chief, 7:30 p. m. Home. 7:30 p. m. Surveys Branch, Engineering Division. Legion Post 1, Legion Home, 7:30 American *Thelma S. Rand, Nurse, Gorgas Hospi- >—Pipefitters, Margarita Clubhouse. 7:30 p. m. tal. Electrical Workers No. 397, Wirz Memorial MAY SAILINGS *Carl M. Ruoff, Assistant Supply m. Building. 7:30 p. Officer, Commissary Division. VFW Post No. 100, Old Boy Scout Building. Cristobal. 7:30 p. m. 20 YEARS American Legion Post 7, Fort Clayton. From Cristobal Thatcher A. Clisbee, Organization and American Legion Auxiliary Unit 1, Balboa Cristobal May 1 Methods Examiner, Management Division. Legion Home. 7:30 p. m. 5—Carpenters and Joiners No. 913. Balboa Ancon May 8 Lois M. Johnson, Clerk-Stenographer, Lodge Hall. 7:30 p. m. 15 Personnel Bureau. Council, Board Room. Admin- Pa mi ma May Pacific Civic Harry D. Raymond, Claims Examiner, istration Building. 7:30 p. m. Cristobal May 22 American Legion Post No. 2, Legion Home. Office of the Comptroller. 29 Old Cristobal. 7:30 p. m. Ancon May Salvatore Rinaldo, Customs Guard. 7—CLU-MTC, Margarita Clubhouse. 8:30 a. m. B— Electrical Workers No. 677, Gatun Masonic From New York 15 Y'EARS Temple. 7:30 p. m. Truckdrivers, Balboa Lodge Hall. 7:30 p. m. Panama .-May 5 Spencer M. Anderson, Electrician, 9—Operating Engineers No. 595, K. of C. Hall. Pipeline Suction Dredge, Dredging Division. Margarita, 7 p. m. Cristobal May 12 Hall, 7:30 Charles H. Crawford, Personnel Assist- Machinists No. 811, Balboa Lodge 1') Ancon May ant, Personnel Bureau. 0—Teachers No. 228, General Library. Balboa Panama May 26 Jack B. Egozcue, Cash Accounting High School. 7 p. m. Clerk (Teller), Office of the Comptroller. No. 14, Balboa Clubhouse. 7:30 p. m. AFGE (Northbound, the ships are in Haiti from American Legion Auxiliary Unit 3, Gatun *George A. Martin, Police Sergeant. m. Legion Hall. 7:30 p. 7 a. m. to noon Sunday; southbound, the *Eldon L. Phelan, Policeman. Legion Auxiliary L nit 6, Gamboa 1—American A. Clief, Clerk, Office of m. stop is Saturday, from 7 a. m. to *Marie Van Legion Hall. 7:30 p. . Haiti 5— Machinists No. 699, K. of C. Hall, Margarita the Comptroller. 4 p. m.) 7:30 p. m.

of Storehouses, to Gauger and Cribtender TRANSFERS Foreman, Terminals Division. PROMOTIONS AND SUPPLY AND SERVICE BUREAU Arnold Manning, from Apprentice March 15 Through April 15 Welder, Industrial Bureau, to Storekeeper, Shipping, Commissary Division. Otis C. Myers, from Construction The following list contains the names of Mrs. Gladys A. Conley, from Claims Supervisory Construction Man- those U. S.-rate employees who were trans- Engineer to Examiner to Accounting Clerk, Commissary (unless agement Engineer. Maintenance Division. ferred from one division to another 1 >i\ isii m. ' Nelson O. Williar, from Planing Mill the change is administrative) or from one Mrs. Lucile M. Flenniken, from Hand to Carpenter Leader and Planing type ol work to another. It does not con- Accounting Clerk to Claims Examiner, Mill Hand, Maintenance Division. tain « it hin-grade promotions, or regradings. Commissar} Division. Albert N. RuorT, from Machinist, Indus- Daniel B. Rambo, from Painter-Body CIVIL AFFAIRS BUREAU Machinist, trial Bureau, to Diesel Engine Repairman to Painter-Body Repairman Mrs. Virginia D. Parker, Mrs. Naomi Electrical Division. and Combination Welder, Motor Transpor- C. Grothjan, from Substitute to Elemen- Robert T. Geddes, from Pumping tatii in 1 >i\ ision. Teacher. tary School Plant and Tractor Bulldozer Operator, to Mrs. Glendora A. Dorsey, from Clerk Sirs. Ethel P. McDermitt, from Ele- Tractor Bulldozer Filtration Plant and typist, Division of Storehouses, to Account- mentary to Substitute Teacher. Operator. ing Clerk. Commissary Division. OFFICE OF THE COMPTROLLER George VV. Mullins, Jr., from Steam Ralph K. Skinner, Voucher Examiner Engineer, Locomotive Crane, Pacific Locks '. I teral i Iverhaul, to Pumping Plant and \c , I Accounts Branch. t i ountan! ieneral Ralph R. Grassau, from Accounting Operator, Water and Laboratories Branch. RETIREMENTS IN Clerk, Commissary Division, to Account- HEALTH BUREAU ant, General Account- Branch. Mrs. Elenor T. Russell, from Stan APRIL Bertha I. Frensley, from Clerk-S Nurse, Colon Hospital, to Nurse, Gorgas Accounting S; -- raphei to Stenographer, Hospital. terns Staff. MARINE BUREAU Employees who retired at the end ol Shirer, from Accounting Robert L. Edward G. Anderson, from Wirem in, April, then birthplaces, lilies, length or

i it, Clerk. Dredging I livision, to V< ounta toi Wire- their Industrial Bun. m. to Lock Opera ,, i \ ii e at retirement and future man, Atlantic Locks. addresses, are: Daniel J. Slater, from V Bernard M. Parmentier, Boilermaker, Arthur .1. Farrell, New York; Truck nstruction Cost Bureau to Dredging Divi- from Industrial Motor Transports IM.nii Inventor} and \ppraisal Driver, Heavj Special, Hon Division; 3! years, 10 months, 3 days; Stall Arthur J. McLean, Arthur L. Logan, / Carl M. Pajak, from Accounting I lerk, Lewis, from Probationary Canal Jr., Clive W. Police ; Sergeant, Payroll Branch, to Accountant, Cost Troy Hayes, Kentuckj i,i < lualified Pilot. wars. 9 months, and I days; \i Division; 28 i ounts Branch. PERSONNEL BUREA1 Florida Mrs. May B. Duer, from Clerk, Division John Hower, Holland; Senior Chiel to File Clerk. I S Rati of Storehouses, I ision; 23 [owboat I ngineer, hedging Di\ Gerald A. Doyle, Jr., from General Records. . I Mobile , , in mo uli-. and days; Bay, \rchitect, Engineering Division, to Con- RAILROAD AND TERMINALS BUREAU Ala. struction Inspi and 1 ;» Gauger, Division Edward R. Japs, Minnesota; Superiu tion Division, Louis A. Mallia, from '

May 1,1953 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW 15 STATISTICS ON CANAL TRAFFIC

For the purpose of comparison between pre-war and post-war traffic through the Panama Canal, statistics for the fiscal year 1938 are used in this section, as being more nearly normal for peace time than those for 1939.

Principal commodities shipped through the Canal

High School Students i All figures in long tons) Figures in parentheses in 1938 and 1952 columns indicate Take Trip Through Cut relative positions in those years ATLANTIC TO PACIFIC About 400 students from all Canal Zone N Third Quarter, Fisi tl i ai high schools and the Junior College Commodity received a first hand view of the Panama 1953 1052 1938

Canal recently on trips through ( Jailbird 1,218,820 838,471 (1) 236,664 (2) Cut arranged by the Schools Division. ( !oal and Coke 1.082.798 587,976 (2) 27,867 (13) ferryboat load of about 160 One Manufactures of iron and steel 387,190 148,62 502. OOS (11 students and faculty members from the 196,184 58,836 (13) 52.587(11) La Boca and Rainbow City High Schools 155,959 201,000 ill 07. 5 IS |„| 110.124 79,497 (8) 20,710 il ii and the La Boca Branch of the Canal 89,180 70,642 (11) 14,830 (9) Zone Junior College made the first trip Paper and paper products.- - 83.450 116.138 (5) 00.27 1 in through the Cut from Pedro Miguel to 75,191 40.060 (14) 25,179(17) To.102 Gamboa on April 15. Automobiles and accessories 71 ,549 85,664 (7) (5)

71 . 100 75.452 (0) 50,451 The second group of 250 students from (7) 40.704 62.507 (12) 56,323 (8) seniors the the Junior College and from 31,545 30.611 (21) 52.102 (12) Cristobal and Balboa High Schools took 22.50(1 25,809 (28) 7,809(28) the trip from Gamboa to Pedro Miguel 20,587 39,412 (15) 10,409(22) 1.005,290 1.027,901 896.752 on April 24. the Transportation Max Hart of Motor Total 4,668,591 3,797,471 2.049,654 Division, a frequent lecturer for tourist parties, spoke to the students as they transited the Cut on ferry boats. PACIFIC TO ATLANTIC

p Third Quarter, Fiscal Year Governor S vbold Meets With Commodity Employees At April Conference 1953 1952 1938

900,399 825,352 (1) 542,936 (2) Continue! from page 3) abandoned 704.020 733.110 (2) 632,901 (1) in Diablo which are to 12-family houses 531,872 583,416 (3) 267,904 (6) be torn down; another reduction in force 310,530 358,570 (11 530,861 (3) for the Industrial Bureau (the Governor 299,857 312,537 (5) 220,124 (7) 216.656 183,901 (6) 20,076(17) said he knew of none in the immediate 200,592 181,890 (7) 200.404 (5) future but that this would depend on the 197,489 158,633 (8) 165,473 (8) workload); and deferment from Selective Refrigerated food products (ex- Service of boys who have almost com- 105.065 156,751 (9) 106,820(10) 92.182 110,043 (10) 498,282 (41 pleted their apprenticeships. 82.474 77.565 (13) 55.170 (13) conference were: Attending the Wool 74.017 78,839 (12) 37,915(15) The Governor; E. A. Doolan, Person- 59,887 61,847 (15) 02.570(12) nel Director; and F. G. Dunsmoor, 51,789 63,830 (14) 51,02o (18) 44.289 91,682 (11) 2,263 (—) Administrative Assistant to the Governor- Iron and steel manufactures- 558,411 660,538 720.406 President; for the Administration. H. R. Chenevert, Ralph Curies, S. J. Total 4,610,236 4,575,793 4,313,123 Garriel, E. J. Husted, R. M. Lovelady, Carl F. Maedl, Willard Percy, and Walter Wagner, for the Central Labor Union or MONTHLY COMMERCIAL TRAFFIC AND TOLLS affiliated locals; Elmer E. Powell, Marion Vessels of 300 tons net or over J. Goodin, Sam Roe, Jr., and Carl Nix, for the Civic Councils; Robert C. Daniel, By fiscal years Railway Conductors; H. C. Simpson, Tolls Marine Engineers; F. H. Hodges, Loco- Transits (In thousands of dollars) motive Engineers, and Chester A. Luhr, Month Pacific Locks Employees. 1953 1952 1938 1953 1952 1938

July 529 463 457 $2,343 SI, 981 $2,030 tendent, Storehouses Division; 36 years- 3 months, and 29 days; Miami, Fla. 533 490 505 2,288 2,103 2,195 Thomas M. Kaufman, Louisiana; Steam Engineer, Terminals Division; 30 615 516 444 2,636 2,189 1,936 years, 4 months, and 24 days; address uncertain. 673 544 461 2,917 2,230 1,981 Tona O. Maas, Illinois; Accounting Clerk, Motor Transportation Division; 26 620 502 435 2,611 2,053 1,893 years, 9 months, and 15 days; San Antonio, Tex. December _ 626 550 439 2,679 2,347 1,845 Greta E. Mann, North Carolina; Nurse, Gorgas Hospital; 25 years. 10 months, and 632 522 444 2,689 2,121 1,838 14 days; Sanford, N. C. Mrs. Anna M. Miller, South Dakota; 616 507 436 2,597 2,082 1,787 Supply Assistant, Commissary Division; 33 years, 2 months, and 4 days; South 678 613 506 2,884 2,512 2,016 Dakota. Charles E. Reilly, New York, Super- 487 1,961 \isory Business Accountant, Commissary Division; 31 years, 6 months, and 2 days; May 465 1,887 address uncertain.

Everett Swinson, Massachusetts; As- I une 445 1,801 sistant Port Captain, Balboa; 26 years, 1 month, and 23 days; Gloucester, Mass. Totals for first 9 months of Walter D. Williams, New York; Prop- fiscal year 5,522 4.707 4.127 S23,644 819,618 erty and Supply Clerk, Terminals Division; 29 years, 7 months, and 4 days; California. 16 THE PANAMA CANAL REVIEW May 1,1953

CANAL TRAFFIC EXPECTED TO EXCEED 7,000 MARK A

Commercial shipping through the Pan- TRAFFIC MOVEMENT OVER MAIN TRADE ROUTES ama Canal will exceed the 7,000 mark The following table shows the number of transits of large, commercial vessels (300 for first time in its this fiscal year the net tons or over) segregated into eight main trade routes: history, provided traffic continues at the even a slightly lower level. present—or — Third Quarter, Fiscal Year

Statistics compiled by the Manage- 1953 1952 1938 ment Division show that for the first nine months of fiscal year 1953, the United States Intercoastal 153 26-1 monthly average has been 613.6 ships Ka>t Coast of I'. S. and South America^ 145 of 300 tons or over. Monthly average for the four previous East Coast of U. S. and Central America fiscal years were: 1952, 543.6; 1951, 466; East Coast of U. S. and Far East 142 1950, 454; and 1949, 399.4. The monthly average for fiscal year 1938, considered (J. S. Canada East Coast and Australasia 39 the last normal pre-war shipping year, Europe and West Coast of U. S. Canada was 460.

In the first nine months of the present Europe and South America 134 fiscal year, 5,522 large commercial ships Europe and Australasia 65 transited the Canal. This is an increase over the of approximately 17 percent All other routes 376 277 number which transited during the first nine months of fiscal year 1952. Total Traffic 1,926 1,642 1,386

During the first nine months of the present fiscal year, tolls totaled $23,637,- 000, or approximately 21 percent more than for the similar period in fiscal Extensive Overhaul Of Pacific Locks year 1952. Tolls for commercial shipping during (Continued from page 1) heavy traffic The removal of the lock gates, weigh- the first three quarters of fiscal year 1952 remained at a comparatively level flow. ing several hundred tons, has become a were approximately $19,618,000. In routine although delicate task, but when 1938 tolls amounted to only $17,521,000 Traffic Governed by Lockages the first gate leaves were lifted at Pedro for the nine-month period. The amount of traffic which can be Miguel Locks in 1929, many weeks were In the quarter which was concluded handled during an overhaul is more than spent by the engineering forces in March 31, the number of large commer- cut in half of that which normally tran- preparing plans and doing the work. cial transits totalled 1,926, highest of any sits and is governed by the number of quarter in the Canal's history. To this lockages which can be made within a Lifted By Jacks were added 306 small commercial craft, giver time period. Throughout the pres- The gate leaves are lifted by means of of less than 300 tons, and 369 large and ent overhaul period the daily average 12 hydraulic jacks, each with a lifting small government ships, for which tolls number of lockages, both at Pedro Miguel power of 100 tons. The four leaves to the were credited. and Miraflores, has been almost at the upper Pedro Miguel Lock gates weigh Management Division statistics re- rated capacity level with one lane of 493 tons each and the two lower gate vealed several interesting trends. The rise traffic out of service. leaves which were removed this year for in traffic between the East Coast of the Twenty-four is about the maximum overhaul weigh 745 tons each. East contin- number of lockages possible at Mira- United States and the Far Although all of the main lock gates during a 24-hour period, even using ued, being 100 more for this quarter than flores have now been removed at least once, 1952. all time-saving methods devised. The for the corresponding quarter in none of the intermediate gates nor the number of lockages has averaged above Intercoastal shipping was up over the lower guard gates have ever been moved. 22 daily throughout this overhaul period used same quarter in fiscal year 1952, although The intermediate gates are rarely the daily average for March was 23, and gates not have the stress it was well below the figure for the pre- and the sea do which allows practically no margin for vious quarter of this fiscal year. Traffic of the main gates. peak periods. bstween the East Coast of the United Although the four gate leaves at Pedro An indication of the great increase in States and the South American West Miguel have been swinging back and Canal traffic during the past two years is Coast also continued to rise, as did forth for ships for about 40 years no shown in comparative figures for the traffic from the United States East unusual weakness was discovered when number of transits by commercial vessels Coast to Central America, via the Canal. they were removed. The nickel-steel and the number of lockages at Gatun Much of the traffic on the two latter pintles on which they swing showed more during the overhaul there in 1951. The routes is banana traffic. evidence of wear than others which number of transits by ocean-going com- nationalities, the United States had been examined in the past but not By mercial ships this year is averaging in an unusual or unexpected degree. held its No. 1 spot during the quarter approximately 200 a month more than just concluded, with 525 large commercial during the five-month overhaul period at Clean-Up-Work U. S.-registry vessels transiting. This years ago. The daily average Gatun two Although the main part of the overhaul the figure is 33 higher than for correspond- of lockages at Gatun reached a number work which requires the closing of one 1952. ing period in fiscal year peak in March of that year with 17.7, set of locks is expected to be completed Great Britain, Norway, Panama, and about one-fourth less than the average by May 15 to 20, much work will remain Honduras followed, in that order. During during the current Pacific Locks overhaul. to be done after water is again let into the past quarter there were 90 transits of Four Main Gate Leaves Removed the west Miraflores Lock chambers. The Japanese-flag vessels, 64 more than for the laying-up of This year's overhaul was featured by clean-up work, including the corresponding quarter in 1952. The the next overhaul removal of four main gate leaves of various equipment until frequent the German flag is also becoming a weeks for the Pedro Miguel Locks which had not period, will require several 63 German-registered ves- Canal visitor, will probably be the been lifted since they were placed almost completion and it the past sels transiting during quarter before the 1953 overhaul 40 years ago. These were the last of the last of June compared to only three in the correspond- main gates to be removed for overhaul. can be called a completed job. ing quarter in fiscal year 1952. Two other gate leaves at Pedro Miguel The extra force of men used in the Other noticeable increases, by nation- were also removed for the first time since work this year was somewhat lower than alties, were in Liberian, Ecuadorean, 1929. These were the first to be removed used in previous overhauls. The force Italian, and Venezuelan registered ships. after the Canal was opened to traffic reached a peak during April when approx- During the quarter two South Korean when the work was done on an experi- imately 80 extra U. S.-rate workers and and two Morrocan vessels transited mental basis. 675 local-rate employees were at work.