Historical Sketches. 68 Dominion of Canada.

nm^r''\Tmi LOVELL'S INTERMEDIATE GEOGRAPHY.

quently made to open up friendly inter- N. latitude, and 52° 41", and 59° 31", W. course with the Red Indians, but without long. Jt is bounded on the north by the success. In 1810, one of tlie first acts of strait of Belle Isle, which is from ten to governor Duckworth was to issue a pro- twenty miles wide. On the east and clamation for the protection of the Red south it is surrounded by the Atlantic. Indians, and to offer a reward of £100 stg. The island is exceedingly irregular in to any person who should bring about a form, being indented with deep bays, the friendly understanding with them. In principal of which are Trinity and White 1827, a search for them was prosecuted Bays on tlie eastern, and Placentia and under the auspices of the Boeothic Society. Fortune Bays on the southern coast. The Abundant traces of their settlements were peninsula of Avalon, on which the greater found, but all the huts and wigwams were part of the population is resident, is almost deserted. Another tribe, the Micmacs, O severed from the rest of the Island by have continued to occupy different parts of Trinity and Placentia Bays, there being the interior, and have become partially an isthmus only some four miles in width civilized. between the heads of these bays. The H greatest length of the island from north to GOVERNORS OF NEWFOUNDLAND. south is 350 miles, and the average breadth w about 130 miles. Estimated area about Captain Osborne 1729 40,200 square miles, equal to 25,728,000 Captain Clinton 1729 Ph Captain A^auburgli 1737 acree. Captain Lord J. Graham 1740 The coast is for the most part steep and Captain Hon. J. Byng 1741 rugged ; the sea cliffs are bold and lofty, Captain Sir C Hardy 1744 with deep water at the base. The harbors Captain Rodney 1749 on the east coast are easy of access. Captain Drake 1750 o Captain Bonfoy 1753 H The geological survey shows the aqueous Captain Darrell 1755 or stratified rocks to consist of the follow- Captain Edwards 1757 ing formations, which are arranged in de- Captain Webb 1760 scending order : Upper and lower coal Captain Graves 1761 Captain Sir Hugh Palliser 1764 formation, magnesian limestone ; upper o and slate formation, gneiss and Captain Hon. J. Biron 1769 lower mica Commodore Molyneux 1772 o slate. There are also chlorite, quartz Commodore Duli 1775 rock, primary limestone, granite, syenite, Rear Amiral Montague 1776 W porphyry, trap, basalt,'serpentine, hypers- Rear Admiral Edwards 1779 o Vice Admi]-al Campbell 1782 then e, and greenstone. An entensive lead Rear Amiral Elliot 1786 mine exists at La Manche, Placentia Bay, Admiral Millbauke 1789 and has been worked for several years Rear Admiral Sir Richard King 1798 zn with profit ; veins of copper of great value Admiral Sir James Wallace 1794 Vice Admiral Waldegrave 1797 have also been discovered and are being Vij3e Admiral Pole 1800 \^ successfully worked. Vice Admiral Gambler • 1802 H In the interior the surface of the island Admiral Sir E. Gower 1804 is uneven and hilly. Some of the peaks Admiral Holloway 1807 > rise to a height of a 1000 feet and up- Vice Admiral Sir J. T. Duckworth 1810 Vice Admiral Sir R. G. Keats 1813 O wards. The lakes are numerous. The Vice Admiral Sir F. Pickmore 1817 trees consist of fir, spruce, birch, pine, Vice Admiral Sir C Hamilton 1818 juniper, wych-hazel, mountain ash, alder, Captain Sir G. T. Cochrane 1825 and aspen. Captain Prescott 1834 Major General Sir J. Harvey 1841 Col. Sir J. G. Le Marchaut 1847 Ker. B. Hamilton 1852 SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF Charles H. Darling 1855 PRIKCE EDWARD ISLAND. Sir Alex. Bannermau 1857

Anthony Musgrave , 1864 Col. Stephen J. Hill, C. B 1869 This small but flourishing colony received Sir John Hawley Glover, G.C.M.G its present name in 1798, in honor of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, father 'of DESCRIPTION OF NEWFOUNDLAND. Queen Victoria. Its ancient name was l-t c5 Isle St. Jean, or St. John's Island. It The island of Newfoundland is situated was discovered by John and Sebastian on the north east side of the Gulf of St. Cabot in 1497. The Indians that resorted Lawrence, between 46° 37" and 51° 40'/ O to the island at that date were of the

tTust Published by JOHN ZOrJELL_ & SON, LOVELL'S GAZETTEER OF