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Producing policies that will shape the development is GEOGRAPHY POPULATION 04 06 possible, as first priority, by stating the socio-economic PREFACE picture of the countries/regions in a quantitative way as well as in a qualitative way. The importance of the dissemination where statistics and indicators are intensively used is increasing more and more in order to follow the 03 04 05 06 Tamer DEĞİRMENCİ developments in time and provide comparisons. Secretary General DEMOGRAPHY EDUCATION HEALTH ECONOMY 08 14 16 18 In our time, where the importance of how the information is transferred increasing as much as the importance of information transfer itself, it is important to increase the demand for information and make it easier to be understood and generalise the usage of it . For this reason, 07 08 09 10 3 by the publication of TR41 Key Figures 2013, Bursa Eskişehir EMPLOYMENT AND R&D AND FOREIGN TRADE BANKING LABOUR FORCE INNOVATION Bilecik Development Agency (BEBKA) aims to present the 20 22 24 26 summary indicators and statistics in a more understandable way and make them easier to be followed.

By this work, BEBKA, aims to make the people in the region be more acquainted with their region together with 11 12 13 14 the region’s dynamics. It also provides the region to be TRANSPORTATION AND compared on country and world scale. This publication ENVIRONMENT AGRICULTURE ENERGY COMMUNICATION 28 30 32 34 targets to make the knowledge be valuable by providing its correct usage and to increase the number of knowledge- friendly individuals. I hope this publication, that is new for the region, becomes useful for all users. 15 16 17 REFERENCE- ABBREVIATION- CULTURE TOURISM SPORTS DEFINITION 36 38 40 42

TR41 2013 KEY FIGURES 1. GEOGRAPHY 1. GEOGRAPHY

TURKEY TR41 Region, that is one of the 26 AVERAGE MINIMUM AND MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE regions of Level 2 Statistical FOR LONG YEARS (1954-2013) Regional Units in Turkey, is consist °C 35 of three provinces namely Bursa, Eskişehir and Bilecik. 30 Geographically, these provinces are not altogether in the same 25 geographical region: Bursa and Bilecik provinces are in Marmara 20 Region where Eskişehir is in Central Anatolia Region. Depending on the 15 fact that the provinces are located on a transition part of the 10 geographical regions and they have 4 5 5 varied geographical features, the AREA climate within the region is 0 diversified.

-5 The total area (excluding lakes) of January February March April May June July August September October NovemberDecember BURSA Bursa, Eskişehir and Bilecik 10 886,38 km BİLECİK 4 301,85 km provinces corresponds to 3,71% of total area of Turkey. The largest The average minimum temperature for all the Bursa Average Maximum Temperature area among TR41 provinces belongs provinces of TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik for years Bursa Average Minimum Temperature ESKİŞEHİR to Eskişehir that has 48,46% of the 1954-2013 is in January where the average maximum 13 841,82 km Eskişehir Average Maximum Temperature TR41 Region total area (excluding temperature is in August. The lowest of average Eskişehir Average Minimum Temperature lakes) . Following Eskişehir, Bursa minimum temperatures of three provinces belong to has 36,48% and Bilecik has 15,06% Eskişehir where the highest average maximum Bilecik Average Maximum Temperature of the total area of the region. temperature belongs to Bursa. Bilecik Average Minimum Temperature

TR41 2013 TR41 2013 KEY FIGURES Source: TÜİK data. KEY FIGURES Source: MGM Area excluding lakes. 2. POPULATION 2. POPULATION

TR41 REGION POPULATION OF THE PROVINCES (2007-2013) TR41 POPULATION TR41 POPULATION IS 4 000 000 Person 204 116 208 888 GROWTH 225 381 203 849 3 500 000 193 169 202 061 203 777 799 724 781 247 789 750 3 000 000 755 427 764 584 724 849 741 739 RATE IS 2 500 000

2 000 000

1 500 000 2 439 876 2 507 963 2 550 645 2 605 495 2 652 126 2 688 171 2 740 970 1 000 000 4,89% 500 000 OF TURKEY 0 18,18‰ 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 POPULATION 6 7 By year 2013, 3,58% of total population of Turkey is in Bursa, Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik 1,04% is in Eskişehir and 0,27% is in Bilecik and in total 4,89% of the total population is living in TR41 Region. Population 2011 2012 2013 THE GREATEST SHARE IN POPULATION OF TR41 IS 49,95% of Bursa, 50,08% of Eskişehir, 47,92% of Bilecik Bursa 2 652 126 2 688 171 2 740 970 YEARS 2007-2013 population and in total 49,86% of the population of Eskişehir 781 247 789 750 799 724 TR41 Region is consist of women. CONTINOUSLY Bilecik 203 849 204 116 208 888 INCREASING Since the year 2007, in six years, the population of TR41 TR41 3 637 222 3 682 037 3 749 582 POPULATIONS region has increased by 67 545 persons and between Turkey 74 724 269 75 627 384 76 667 864 73% years 2012-2013, the highest increase in the growth rate of the population belongs to Bilecik province. In 2012 (before the law with number 6360 related to Greater Municipalities), regarding the localities of the BURSA AND ESKİŞEHİR population, where 22,72% of the total population in Turkey was living in the small town and villages, 10,65% of Bursa BURSA'S population, 9,99% of Eskişehir population 24,09% of Bilecik population and in total 11,25% of TR41 Region’s population used to live in the small town and villages.

TR41 2013 TR41 2013 KEY FIGURES Source: TÜİK-ADNKS KEY FIGURES Data is for year 2013 3. DEMOGRAPHY 3. DEMOGRAPHY

TURKEY 2013 TR 41

90+ 90+ 85-89 85-89 80-84 Male 80-84 OF 75-79 75-79 70-74 70-74 OF 65-69 65-69 21% 9% 60-64 60-64 UNDER REGION'S POPULATION IS 55-59 Female 55-59 50-54 50-54 AGE OF 45-49 45-49 OVER 40-44 40-44 35-39 35-39 TR41 POPULATION IS AGE OF 30-34 30-34 15 65 25-29 25-29 20-24 20-24 8 15-19 15-19 9 10-14 10-14 5-9 5-9 0-4 0-4 % % 8 6 4 2 0 0 2 4 6 8 8 6 4 2 0 0 2 4 6 8 % The demographic structure of the population of Turkey shows that 33% of Turkish population is under 20 years old. 34,6 72 This percentage is 29,75% for Bursa, 25,37% for Eskişehir and 26,57% for Bilecik. THE HIGHEST Regarding the share of population aged 65 years and over, 7,68% of the total population of Turkey is at the age of 65 and over where this figure is 7,86% for Bursa, 10,01% for Eskişehir and 10,37'% for Bilecik. For all the provinces of POPULATION TR41, these figures are higher than that of Turkey. THE HIGHEST Among the provinces of TR41 Region, Bursa is the province that has the highest proportion of population below the MEDIAN AGE IS SHARE OF age of 20 and also has the lowest population aged 65 and over. Regarding the elderly population, the highest 15-64 AGE GROUP IS proportion of population aged 65 and over belongs to Bilecik province. ESKİŞEHİR'S The median age for year 2013 is 32,6 for Bursa, 34,6 for Eskişehir and 33 for Bilecik where it is 30,4 for Turkey. ESKİŞEHİR'S

TR41 2013 TR41 2013 KEY FIGURES Source: TÜİK-ADNKS KEY FIGURES Data is for year 2013 3. DEMOGRAPHY 3. DEMOGRAPHY

OLD AGE DEPENDENCY RATIO YOUNG AGE DEPENDENCY RATIO % % 16 40 THE HIGHEST OLD THE HIGHEST 35 14 Eskişehir AGE DEPENDENCY IS YOUNG AGE 30 DEPENDENCY 12 BİLECİK'S 25 IS BURSA’S 10 20 31,69% 8 15

10 11 6 10 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Bilecik Eskişehir Bursa TR41 Turkey 2008-2013 2008-2013 OLD AGE The age structure of a population is a factor that aects key socioeconomic issues. Old and young dependency ratios YOUNG DEPENDENCY OF represent how much the population aged below 15 years and above 65 years are dependent on working age population. According to these indicators, the investments like investment to schools for young people and health AGE for elderly people become clear. TR41 Old age dependency ratio increased between years 2007-2013 and the highest old dependency age is for DEPENDENCY OF REGION Bilecik for year 2013. AND TURKEY TR41 REGION AND DECREASED Young dependency ratio had decreasing trend for years 2007-2013 and for 2013 it is the highest for Bursa. TURKEY INCREASED

TR41 2013 TR41 2013 KEY FIGURES Source: TÜİK-ADNKS KEY FIGURES Data is for year 2013 and BEBKA calculations 3. DEMOGRAPHY 3. DEMOGRAPHY

NET MIGRATION RATE Net migration rate is the highest ‰ for TR41 region and its provinces 15 for 2007-2008 period and for the THE HIGHEST 12 provinces it did not fall below 4 NET per thousand. Regarding the NET MIGRATION 9 period 2012-2013, the highest net MIGRATION 6 migration rate belongs to RATE IS Eskişehir and the lowest is 3 Bilecik's. RATE OF REGION 6,98‰ 0 2007-2008 2008-2009 -3 2009-2010 2010-2011 5,45‰ ESKİŞEHİR’S TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik 2011-2012 2012-2013 12 13

‰ CRUDE BIRTH RATE ‰ INFANT MORTALITY RATE 19 20 Bursa

16 Eskişehir 15 THE HIGHEST 2012 THE LOWEST

Bilecik INFANT MORTALITY 13 10 CRUDE TR41 RATE IS 10 5 BIRTH 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Turkey 2009 2010 2011 2012 BURSA’S 15,1‰ Crude birth rate, that is the number of births per The number of infant deaths per thousand live births, RATE thousand people for whole region is lower than that regarding years 2009-2012, is the highest for Eskişehir ‰ of Turkey. Crude birth rate has been the lowest for and it decreased after year 2010 for all provinces. IS BURSA'S Eskişehir among TR41 provinces.

TR41 2013 TR41 2013 KEY FIGURES Source: TÜİK Regional Statistics KEY FIGURES Data is for year 2013 Source: TÜİK Regional Statistics and BEBKA calculations 4. EDUCATION 4. EDUCATION ESKİŞEHİR 2013 LITERACY RATE (AGE 6 AND OVER) TR41 Region literacy rate (age 6 THE NUMBER OF %100 and over) is over Turkey's rate, for 2013 it is the highest for Eskişehir ‘S PEOPLE HAVING (97,59%) within the region. Like TR41 MINIMUM HIGHER %98 the rate for Turkey, in TR41 Region LITERACY female literacy rate (93,41%) is EDUCATION %96 below male literacy rate (98,66%). RATE DEGREE The literacy rates for Turkey and IS OVER TURKEY'S PER THOUSAND PEOPLE %94 the regions of the region ESKİŞEHİR increased between years 2008-2013. FOR 2013 IS 2ND IN 81 %92 96,98% PROVINCES %90 Male Female Total 164 Turkey TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik 14 15

PRIMARY SCHOOL NET ENROLMENT RATE (%) NUMBER OF STUDENTS PER TEACHER 100 25 Bursa THE HIGHEST THE LOWEST NUMBER OF 99 22 PRIMARY SCHOOL Eskişehir 98 19 NET STUDENTS Bilecik ENROLMENT 97 16 RATIO 96 TR41 13 PER TEACHER FOR PRIMARY SCHOOLS 95 Turkey 10 Male Female Total Male Female Total 2012-2013 2013-2014 2012-2013 2013-2014 BURSA 2012-2013 2013-2014 Primary School Secondary School 99,49% THE IS ESKİŞEHİR'S In 2013-2014 for TR41, secondary school net enrolment In number of students per teacher, in the education HIGHEST SECONDARY SCHOOL ratio (96,26%) is lower than primary school net year of 2013-2014, the lowest number of students per NET ENROLMENT RATIO enrolment ratio (99,41%). The highest female primary teacher for primary schools is Eskişehir 's(15) and for ESKİŞEHİR 96,86% 15 school net enrolment rate is Bursa's (99,58%). secondary schools it is Eskişehir's and Bilecik's (16).

TR41 2013 TR41 2013 KEY FIGURES Source: TÜİK Regional Statistics and BEBKA calculations, KEY FIGURES Data is for year 2013 MEB Formal Education Statistics 5. HEALTH 5. HEALTH

NUMBER OF HOSPITAL BEDS PER 100 000 PEOPLE Number of hospital beds per 100 000 people for TR41 region is 500 over Turkey's figure between YEAR 2012 YEAR 2012 years 2007-2012. Especially, NUMBER OF HOSPITAL BEDS 400 PER 100 000 PEOPLE NUMBER OF Eskişehir's number of hospital PHYSICIANS AND beds per 100 000 people for year 300 RANKS SPECIALISED 2012 is over that of Turkey and PHYSICIANS other provinces of the Region. TH 200 7 PER 100 000 PEOPLE

100 2007 2008 IS IN TOP 10 IN TURKEY 2009 2010 0 IN TURKEY ESKİŞEHİR ESKiŞEHiR Türkiye TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik 2011 2012

16 NUMBER OF PHYSICIANS PER 100 000 PEOPLE NUMBER OF NURSES PER 100 000 PEOPLE 17

200 300 Bursa 150 250 YEAR 2012 TR41 Eskişehir 2007-2012 TR41 100 200 NUMBER OF NURSES Bilecik PER 100 000 PEOPLE 50 TR41 150 RANKS 0 Turkey 100 11. 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 NUMBER OF The indicator of number of physicians per 100 000 Number of nurses per 100 000 people, in 2012, is 179 PHYSICIANS people for TR41 region is lower than that of Turkey. for Bursa, 256 for Eskişehir and 173 for Bilecik. For PER 100 000 PEOPLE The highest indicator in the region is Eskişehir's with year 2012, number of independent pharmacies per AMONG REGIONS TH 200 physicians per 100 000 followed by Bursa with 100 000 people is 39 for Eskişehir, 29 for Bursa and 25 RANKS 4 154 and by Bilecik with 115 physicians. for Bilecik.

TR41 2013 TR41 2013 KEY FIGURES Source: TÜİK, TİTCK KEY FIGURES and BEBKA calculations 6. ECONOMY 6. ECONOMY

SECTORAL SHARE OF GROSS VALUE ADDED AT CURRENT PRICES (%) YEAR 2011 TR41 100 YEAR 2011 %8,5 %5,8 %8,5 %5,5 %9,1 %6,3 %9,5 %5,7 REGION SHARE OF INDUSTRY Agr’culture (%) 80 %27,8 %43,6 %27,2 %42,1 %25,3 %39,1 %26,4 %38,8 GVA IN GVA OF 60 Industry (%) PER CAPITA

40 Serv’ces (%) %63,7 %50,5 %64,3 %52,4 %65,6 %54,5 %64,1 %54,4 TR41 REGION 20 $ 11 528 0 IS 39,8% Turkey TR41 Turkey TR41 Turkey TR41 Turkey TR41 18 2008 2009 2010 2011 19

In 2011, by 73 528 million TL TR41 Region has the 6,39% of the GROSS VALUE ADDED (GVA) 2011 SHARE OF Gross Value Added (GVA) of Turkey. With its GVA, TR41 Region PER CAPITA ($) YEAR 2011 is on the 4th rank after regions TR10 İstanbul (with share of TR41 REGION'S 27,2%), TR51 Ankara (with share of 8,6% ) and TR31 İzmir (with 15 000 TR41 REGION share of 6,6%). GVA 12 000 IN TURKEY IS GVA Regarding the sectoral distribution, by 2011, TR41 Region RANKS provides the 9,5% of Industry GVA of Turkey, 3,94% of 9 000 Agriculture GVA of Turkey and 5,37% of Services GVA of 6,39 Turkey. 6 000 2008 2009 2010 2011 For years 2008-2011, Gross Value Added per Capita of TR41 % TR41 Türkiye TH Region, that ranks 4th among regions, has been above the ON 4 figure of Turkey.

TR41 2013 TR41 2013 KEY FIGURES Source: TÜİK KEY FIGURES 7. FOREIGN TRADE 7. FOREIGN TRADE

IMPORT OF TR41 EXPORT OF TR41 14 14 13 13 12 12 92% 11 11 10 10 Bursa 8,7% 9 9 OF VOLUME OF FOREIGN 8 Eskişehir 8 7 7 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Bilecik 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 TURKEY'S TRADE OF TR41 REGION IS By year 2013, where TR41 Region export is 8,70% of Between years 2007-2013, only in 2011 balance of EXPORT IS FROM Turkey's export , the Region has 4,6% of Turkey's total foreign trade is negative in the Region. In 2013 import. 92% of both export and import of TR41 Region Bilecik's balance of foreign trade is negative. TR41 REGION BURSA'S is by province of Bursa. 20 21

IMPORT PER CAPITA EXPORT PER CAPITA (THOUSAND USD) (THOUSAND USD) IMPORT EXPORT PER CAPITA IS 5 Bursa 5 PER CAPITA IS THE LOWEST 4 4 THE HIGHEST Eskişehir 3 3 Bilecik 2 2 TR41 1 1 0 Turkey 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 FOR BURSA FOR ESKİŞEHİR For years 2007-2013, export per capita of TR41 Region is above Turkey's value and import per capita of TR41 Region is above Turkey for years 2008 and 2012-2013. $ 4 478 $ 876

TR41 2013 TR41 2013 KEY FIGURES Source: TÜİK foreign trade data KEY FIGURES Data is for year 2013 and BEBKA calculations 8. BANKING 8. BANKING

BANK CREDIT AND DEPOSIT PER CAPITA (TL) 2007-2013 15000 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 YEAR 2013 12000 THE HIGHEST BANK YEAR 9000 2013 6000 THE HIGHEST 3000 BANK DEPOSIT 0 Credit Deposit Credit Deposit Credit Deposit Credit Deposit Credit Deposit PER CAPITA IS Turkey TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik CREDIT PER CAPITA ESKİŞEHİR'S Related to banking sector, regarding bank deposits and credits, by year 2013, TR41 Region has 3,19% of the country's IS BURSA'S deposits with 28 104 million TL and 4,02% of the bank credits with 38 543 million TL. 8 794 TL TR41 REGION SPECIALISED CREDITS AND 10 741 TL 22 CREDIT/DEPOSIT RATIO (%) 2007-2013 NON-SPECIALISED CREDITS 2007-2013 23 Share Quantity 250 0,07 40 000 0,06 35 000 YEARS 2007-2013 200 0,05 30 000 0,04 25 000 150 20 000 THE LOWEST 0,03 2007-2013 15 000 CREDIT/DEPOSIT RATIO IS TR41 REGION 100 0,02 10 000 0,01 5 000 50 0,00 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 BANK Turkey TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik Share of Specialised Credits (%) Specialised Credits (Million TL) CREDITS Share of Non-specialised Credits (%) Non-specialised Credits (Million TL) QUADRUPLED 25,75% of the deposits is foreign exchange deposits and Bursa has 76% of the Region's bank credits and 72% 5,84% of bank credits is specialised credits (agricultural, of the deposits. In Eskişehir, there is 20% of the real estate, vocational, maritime and tourism credits etc.). Region's bank credits and 25% of the deposits. ESKİŞEHİR'S

TR41 2013 TR41 2013 KEY FIGURES Source: TBB data and BEBKA calculations KEY FIGURES 9. EMPLOYMENT AND LABOUR FORCE 9. EMPLOYMENT AND LABOUR FORCE

TR41 RATE OF EMPLOYED EMPLOYMENT RATE (AGE 15+) PERSONS BY ECONOMIC ACTIVITY YEAR 2013 %50 %50 %45 THE HIGHEST YEAR 2013 %40 %40 %35 EMPLOYMENT THE HIGHEST %30 %30 %25 (NACE Rev 2, 15+ Age) LABOUR FORCE %20 %20 RATE IS %15 PARTICIPATION %10 %10 %5 RATE IS BILECIK'S 0 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Turkey TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik Agriculture Industry Services BILECIK'S Between years 2008-2013, the employment rate Regarding the distribution of employment by sectors, decreased only in year 2009, which is the crisis year. in years 2007-2013, the employment rate is not below 48,2% 2013 employment rate is 45,9% for Turkey, 46,9% for 40% for both industry and services where it is not 24 25 TR41, 48% for Bursa, 42,9% for Eskişehir and 48,2% under 10% for agriculture. for Bilecik. YEAR 2013 SHARE OF LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE YEAR 2013 TR41 REGION INDUSTRY IN (AGE OF 15 AND OVER, %) (AGE OF 15 AND OVER, %) Turkey TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik Turkey TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik UNEMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT 2008 11,0 10,3 10,8 9,9 8,2 2008 46,9 49,2 50,2 44,8 51,5 RATE IS BELOW OF THE REGION 2009 14,0 13,9 14,7 15,2 8,5 2009 47,9 48,4 49,4 44,1 52,0 TURKEY'S IS 2010 11,9 10,1 10,5 10,5 7,7 2010 48,8 47,1 48,4 42,7 49,2 2011 9,8 7,6 7,5 8,9 6,2 2011 49,9 48,6 50,5 42,2 50,5 2012 9,2 7,4 7,1 8,4 6,4 2012 50,0 49,0 50,4 44,0 49,5 2013 9,7 7,0 6,6 8,5 6,5 2013 50,8 50,4 51,4 46,9 51,6 The unemployment rate for TR41 Region is 7% and non-agricultural unemployment rate, which is 8,1%, is below Turkey's rate. Between years 2008-2010, the labour force participation rate increased and it is 50,4% for year 2013.

TR41 2013 TR41 2013 KEY FIGURES Source: TÜİK KEY FIGURES 10. R&D AND INNOVATION 10. R&D AND INNOVATION

ACTIVE R&D CENTRES

Sector TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik TR41 Region, by June 2014, has 30 R&D Automotive Supply Industry 17 17 - - centres of Turkey's total 159 R&D centres. These centres work in 9 sectors 19%OF Machinery and Equipment 4 2 2 - 9% in the region. TURKEY'S Automotiv 2 2 - - OF INDUSTRIAL Aviation 2 - 2 - Bursa stands out with its 23 R&D ACTIVE DESIGN AND centres and Bilecik hosts R&D centres in Electric-electronic 1 1 - - the sectors of glass and ceramics as UTILITY MODEL Textile 1 1 - - well as air conditioning. R&D APPLICATIONS Consumer durables 1 - 1 - In 2013, 6,7% of R&D expenditures of Glass and ceramics 1 - - 1 Turkey is made by TR41 Region. ARE FROM Air Conditioning 1 - - 1 CENTRES Total 30 23 5 2 IS IN TR41 REGION TR41 REGION

26 NUMBER OF TRADEMARK APPLICATIONS NUMBER OF TRADEMARK REGISTRATIONS 27 PER HUNDRED THOUSAND PERSONS PER HUNDRED THOUSAND PERSONS 200 120 100 150 80 IN YEAR 2013 IN YEAR 2013 100 60 IN 81 PROVINCES IN 81 PROVINCES 40 50 BURSA RANKS 20 BURSA RANKS 0 0 RD 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 3 TH Turkey TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik Turkey TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik WITH 4 In year 2013, in Turkey, 8,55% of patent applications, 5,10% of trademark applications, 9,03% of industrial design WITH applications, 9,12% of utility model applications are from TR41 Region and mostly from Bursa. Bursa is followed by 316 TRADEMARK Eskişehir in the Region. The numbers of patent and industrial design applications increased in both Bursa and PATENT APPLICATIONS APPLICATIONS Eskişehir where the number of utility model applications increased in Bursa. The numbers of applications and registrations of industrial property per 100 000 people for TR41 Region are above the figures for Turkey.

TR41 2013 TR41 2013 KEY FIGURES Source: General Directorate of KEY FIGURES Science and Technology, TPE 11. ENVIRONMENT 11. ENVIRONMENT

PROPORTION OF WASTE DISPOSED OF AVERAGE SULPHUR DIOXIDE (SO2) IN SANITARY LANDFILL AREAS (%) IN AIR QUALITY MEASUREMENTS YEAR 2012 µg/m³ 25 PROPORTION 4,9% OF Turkey TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik Bursa 20 OF WASTE DISPOSED OF IN 2008 44,94 48,40 68,16 0,00 0,00 Eskişehir SANITARY LANDFILL 15 2010 54,39 69,70 70,64 85,29 0,00 Bilecik 10 AREAS IS 2012 59,91 81,53 88,41 84,07 0,00 5 TURKEY'S FOREST Regarding waste management, in waste disposal, 0 proportion of waste disposed of in sanitary landfill areas 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 AREA IS IN is 88,41% for Eskişehir and 84,07% for Bursa that are both Average values of sulphur dioxide (SO ) and 82% 2 TR41 REGION above that proportion of Turkey. particulate matter (PM10) in the air have a tendency of decrease in years in the Region’s provinces. According 4,9% of Turkey's forest area is in TR41 Region. 46,5% of to measured values, Eskişehir has the lowest 28 Bursa, 25,4% of Eskişehir and 53,1% of Bilecik is covered 29 measured air pollution figures. by forests. YEAR 2012 THE LOWEST WASTEWATER DISCHARGED PER CAPITA AND DRINKING WATER ABSTRACTED PER CAPITA AMOUNT OF IN TR41 lt THE LOWEST 300 2008 2010 2012 Daily wastewater DRINKING 250 discharged per 200 capita in 150 municipalities (litre/capita-day) 100 ATER Daily water W 50 abstracted per AVERAGE VALUES 0 capita in ABSTRACTED municipalities SO2 AND PM10 TR41 TR41 TR41 PER CAPITA IS Bursa Bursa Bursa Bilecik Bilecik Bilecik Turkey Turkey Turkey (litre/capita-day) Eskişehir Eskişehir Eskişehir 143 IN THE AIR IS LITRES Both amount of wastewater discharged per capita and drinking water abstracted BURSA’S ESKİŞEHİR’S per capita indicators for TR41 Region's provinces are lower than those of Turkey.

TR41 2013 TR41 2013 KEY FIGURES Source: TÜİK data and BEBKA calculations, ÇŞB KEY FIGURES 12. AGRICULTURE 12. AGRICULTURE

TL AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION VALUE PER CAPITA (TL) 4 000 THE HIGHEST THE HIGHEST 3 500 CROP PRODUCTION 3 000 AGRICULTURAL VALUE PER CAPITA IS 2 500 2 000 PRODUCTION 1 500 1 000 500 0 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2013 2013 2013 2013 2013 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2007 2007 2007 2007 2007 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 Turkey TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik Agriculture is carried out in all the provinces of the Animal Production Value per Capita (TL) VALUE IS BURSA'S BİLECİK’S Region where it is one of the important income Livestock Value per Capita (TL) MILLION generating sectors. By year 2013, 65% of the Crop Production Value per Capita (TL) 3885TL 2 303 TL agricultural production value of the Region consists of The provinces other than Bursa stand out in the 30 31 crop production. 58% of the agricultural production Region with their agricultural production value per value of the Region is provided by Bursa. The total capita due to population e ect. Where Bilecik stands THE HIGHEST agricultural production value is 3 884 771 000 TL for out with its crop production value per capita and THE HIGHEST Bursa, 2 118 816 000 TL for Eskişehir and livestock value per capita, Eskişehir stands out with its ANIMAL PRODUCTION 696 662 000 TL for Bilecik. animal production value per capita. VALUE PER CAPITA IS NUMBER OF TRACTORS PER THOUSAND HECTARES OF AGRICULTURAL LAND OPERATED* 213 Regarding tractors that are important part of Turkey TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik NUMBER OF TRACTORS agricultural mechanisation, the highest number of 2009 50,28 79,11 169,57 32,42 90,65 266 TL tractors per thousand hectares of agricultural land PER THOUSAND HECTARES OF 2010 51,29 86,80 177,74 36,02 98,38 AGRICULTURAL LAND operated belongs to Bursa with 213,41 and followed 2011 54,82 86,20 190,77 34,75 99,54 by Bilecik with 95,21 and Eskişehir with 28,56. OPERATED IS 2012 57,25 89,41 193,95 34,34 98,83 *In the calculations, land operated has been taken as the total of sown area, 2013 58,97 81,91 213,41 28,56 95,21 ESKİŞEHİR’S fallow land, vegetable and ornamental plants area. BURSA'S

TR41 2013 TR41 2013 KEY FIGURES Source: TÜİK statistics and KEY FIGURES Data is for year 2013 BEBKA calculations 13. ENERGY 13. ENERGY

NET ELECTRICITY NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA PER HOUSEHOLD SUBSCRIPTION MWh mƒ 2012 THE HIGHEST 7 1500 INDUSTRIAL ELECTRICITY 6 Bursa 1250 CONSUMPTION 5 Eskişehir 1000 PER CAPITA IS 4 750 Bilecik 3 500 2 TR41 250 1 0 OF 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Turkey 2011 2012 2013 INDUSTRIAL ELECTRICITY Energy is an important input for human and economic In natural gas consumption in 2013, 9,73% of the activities. 6,49% of the electricity consumed in Turkey in residential natural gas consumption belongs to CONSUMPTION 2012 belongs to TR41 Region. 63,9% of the electricity TR41 Region. Where residential natural gas IN TURKEY IS TR41'S consumed in the Region is industrial electricity consumption. consumption in Bursa is 585 million m3, in Eskişehir BİLECİK'S 32 33 By consuming 80,19% of its total electricity in industry, 266,3 million m3 and in Bilecik 30,6 million m3 Bilecik has a higher percentage of industrial electricity natural gas has been consumed by the residential consumption than Bursa (%63,87) and Eskişehir (%55,46). premises. 2013 ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION BY SECTORS 2010-2012 2013 THE HIGHEST Bursa NATURAL GAS Eskişehir OF Bilecik 2010 CONSUMPTION Bursa PER RESIDENTIAL Eskişehir Bilecik 2011 NATURAL GAS Bursa SUBSCRIBER IS Eskişehir RESIDENTIAL 2012 Bilecik MWh) (thousand 0 1 000 2 000 3 000 4 000 5 000 6 000 7 000 8 000 9 000 10 000 NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION OF ESKİŞEHİR'S Industrial Electricity Consumption Household Electricity Consumption Other TURKEY IS TR41'S Illumination Electricity Consumption Agricultural Irrigation Electricity Consumption Commercial Electricity Consumption TR41 2013 TR41 2013 KEY FIGURES Source: TEDAŞ, EPDK and KEY FIGURES BEBKA calculations 14. TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATION 14. TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATION

NUMBER OF AUTOMOBILES 2013 ROAD LENGTHS km PER THOUSAND PERSONS 1200 200 YEAR 2013 1000 175 2013 THE HIGHEST 150 800 125 ROAD INTENSITY IS 600 100 400 75 % OF 50 200 BiLECiK'S 25 0 0 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik Türkiye TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik STATE, PROVINCIAL

Motorways Provincial Roads State Roads 2007 2008 2009 2010 ROADS AND Other State Roads Other Provincial Roads 2011 2012 2013 MOTORWAYS Being the region where provinces of Ankara, İstanbul Number of automobiles per thousand people for TR41 IS IN TR41 REGION and İzmir are connected by transportation networks, Region, of which population intensity is high, is above 34 35 TR41 Region is hosting important roadway and railway the figure for Turkey. transportation projects. By year 2013, 3,79% of total of YEAR 2013 THE HIGHEST There exists two airports in the Region, namely Bursa state, provincial roads and motorways of Turkey is in Yenişehir and Eskişehir Anadolu Airports. YEAR 2013 THE HIGHEST NUMBER OF TR41 Region. 2013 road intensity (road length per BROADBAND thousand km2) is 421 km for TR41, 478 km for Bursa, NUMBER OF INTERNET 344 km for Eskişehir and 535 km for Bilecik. Number of Mobile Subscriptions SUBSCRIPTIONS 1 200 MOBILE PER THOUSAND PERSONS IS NUMBER OF MOBILE SUBSCRIPTIONS 1 000 SUBSCRIPTIONS PER THOUSAND PERSONS 800 600 PER THOUSAND Number of mobile subscriptions per thousand people 400 in TR41 Region is the highest for Eskişehir for years PERSONS IS 200 2007-2013. 2013 number of broadband internet 0 subscriptions per thousand people is 450 for TR41, 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 ESKİŞEHİR'S 448 for Bursa, 468 for Eskişehir and 400 for Bilecik. Turkey TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik ESKİŞEHİR'S

TR41 2013 TR41 2013 KEY FIGURES Source: KGM, TÜİK, BTİK statistics and KEY FIGURES BEBKA calculations 15. CULTURE 15. CULTURE

NUMBER OF CINEMA SEATS NUMBER OF THEATER SEATS PER HUNDRED THOUSAND PERSONS PER HUNDRED THOUSAND PERSONS THE HIGHEST NUMBER OF THE HIGHEST NUMBER OF 700 700 2007 THEATRE SEATS 600 600 CINEMA SEATS 500 2008 500 PER HUNDRED PER HUNDRED THOUSAND THOUSAND PEOPLE IS 400 2009 400 PEOPLE IS 300 300 ESKİŞEHİR'S 200 2010 200 100 2011 100 0 0 Turkey TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik 2012 Turkey TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik

Related to public cultural areas of cinema and theatre, number of cinema seats per 100 000 people and number of theatre seats per 100 000 people for TR41 Region are over those figures for Turkey. In 2013, Eskişehir stands out with 477 cinema seats per 100 000 people and 338 theatre seats per 100 000 people. ESKİŞEHİR'S

36 NUMBER OF PUBLIC LIBRARY USERS PER THOUSAND PERSONS 37

Turkey TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik The number of public library users per thousand 2007 287 185 166 217 291 persons in TR41 Region is below Turkey's figure and it THE HIGHEST NUMBER OF 2008 266 187 148 266 379 is the highest for Bilecik with 562 users. Together with THE HIGHEST NUMBER OF 2009 275 198 128 371 443 VISITORS FOR 2010 262 192 107 393 497 Bilecik, Eskişehir has also higher figure than Turkey PUBLIC LIBRARY USERS MUSEUM AND RUINS 2011 252 191 109 364 607 with its 338 public library users per thousand persons. PER THOUSAND PEOPLE IS PER HUNDRED THOUSAND 2012 258 193 110 382 562 PEOPLE IS BURSA'S

NUMBER OF VISITORS FOR MUSEUM AND RUINS PER HUNDRED THOUSAND PERSONS

Turkey TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik TR41 Region is a region rich of cultural heritages due to its role in di­erent periods of the history. Regarding 2012 38 057 8 620 9 944 4 555 6 904 visitors of museum and ruins, number of visitors for BILECIK'S 562 museum and ruins per 100 000 people is the highest in the Region for Bursa with 9 944 visitors.

TR41 2013 TR41 2013 KEY FIGURES Source: TÜİK statistics and KEY FIGURES Data is for year 2012 BEBKA calculations 16. TOURISM 16. TOURISM

TR41 SHARE OF REGISTRATIONS 2013 AVERAGE LENGTH OF 2013 THE HIGHEST TO ACCOMODATION STAY IN ACCOMODATION 2013 THE HIGHEST AVERAGE LENGTH ESTABLISHMENTS IN TURKEY (%) ESTABLISHMENTS (DAY) OCCUPANCY 5 OF STAY OF 6 4 RATE OF 5 MUNICIPALITY FOREIGN 4 Total 3 3 2 LICENSED VISITORS IS 2 Citizen 1 1 ESTABLISHMENTS 0 0 Foreigner Turkey Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik Turkey Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Tourism Licensed Establishments Municipality Licensed Establishment IS BURSA'S TRT41 Region is a region that is hosting tourists with In the provinces of the Region, the number of ESKİŞEHİR'S its tourism variety in four seasons. Beside the culture registration to accommodation establishments is tourism that is important in all three provinces, Bursa 40,6% increasing in years. In the region, 73,6% of the people 3 DAYS is hosting foreign tourists with its mountain/winter registering to the accommodation establishments is in 38 39 tourism where domestic tourism is advancing in Bursa, 23% in Eskişehir and 3,4% is in Bilecik. Bursa, Eskişehir with its transportation means and in Bilecik province where 92,4% of foreign visitors of region are with its historical features. accommodating, stands out with its foreign visitors. YEAR 2013 OCCUPANCY RATE IN MUNICIPALITY AND YEAR 2013 TOURISM LICENSED ACCOMODATION ESTABLISHMENTS (%) TR41'S 50 SHARE OF 40 Mun€c€pal€ty L€censed REGISTRATIONS TO Establ€shment OF FOREIGN VISITORS 30 REGISTERED IN TR41 TR41 ACCOMMODATION 20 Tour€sm L€censed ACCOMMODATION ESTABLISHMENTS Establ€shments 10 ESTABLISHMENTS IN TURKEY 0 IS IN BURSA 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik

TR41 2013 TR41 2013 KEY FIGURES Source: TÜİK, KTB statistics and KEY FIGURES BEBKA calculations 17. SPORTS 17. SPORTS

2013 NUMBER OF SPORTS CLUBS NUMBER OF ACTIVE SPORTSMEN BY TYPE OF SPORTS PER HUNDRED THOUSAND PERSONS YEAR 2013 TR41 REGION NUMBER OF

1 200 FOOTBALL TEAMS 1 000 5,3% IN SUPER LEAGUE 800 TOTAL Military Specialised Establishment School Youth Sports Club 600 OF SPORT CLUBS Turkey 12 411 11 562 1 179 1 354 9 305 IS 400 TR41 660 2 23 42 39 554 200 Bursa 457 1 12 4 23 417 0 Eskişehir 155 1 6 27 15 106 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 IS IN TR41 Bilecik 48 - 5 11 1 31 Turkey TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik REGION In 2014-2015 season, TR41 Region has two of total 18 Among TR41 provinces, Bursa is the leading province 40 41 football teams of Turkey Super League as Bursaspor with its numbers of sport clubs, licensed and active and Eskişehirspor. sportsmen. Nevertheless, Eskişehir with its number of 2013 THE HIGHEST licensed sportsmen per 100 000 people (5 409) and By year 2013, 660 sports clubs that are in the Region NUMBER OF Bilecik with its number of active sportsmen per 100 000 ACTIVE SPORTSMEN correspond 5,32% of total sports clubs in Turkey. YEAR 2013 people (1 213) stand out in the Region. Also, 6,64% of PER HUNDRED 69,24% of the sports clubs of the Region is in Bursa. THOUSAND PERSONS amateur footballers in Turkey is in TR41 Region (By June 5,62 IS BiLECiK'S 2014, 13 497 amateur footballers) and mostly in Bursa. % NUMBER OF SPORTSMEN OF 2013 Number of Active Sportsmen 2013 Number of Licensed Sportsmen ACTIVE Turkey TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik Turkey TR41 Bursa Eskişehir Bilecik SPORTSMEN IS Female 196 942 11 169 7 261 2 948 960 846 881 45 766 26 048 15 694 4 024 Male 369 111 20 660 14 674 4 413 1 573 1 970 800 115 027 80 472 27 565 6 990 IN TR41 REGION Total 566 053 31 829 21 935 7 361 2 533 2 817 681 160 793 106 520 43 259 11 014

TR41 2013 TR41 2013 KEY FIGURES Source: SGM statistics and KEY FIGURES Data is for year 2013 BEBKA calculations REFERENCES-ABBREVIATIONS-DEFINITIONS KEY FIGURES TR41 2013

REFERENCES DEFINITIONS • Information and Communication Technologies Authority (BTİK) Population Growth Rate: It is the population increase per 1 000 • Ministry of Secience, Industry and Technology- General Directorate of Science population per year in the period between two years. and Technology • Ministry of Environment and Urbanisation Median Age: The age of the person in the middle when all the • Energy Market Regulatory Authority (EPDK) persons in the population are ranked in ascending order. • Provincial Directorates of Culture and Tourism (Bursa, Eskişehir, Bilecik) • General Directorate of Motorways (KGM) Old Dependency Ratio: The number of persons at the age of 65 • Ministry of Culture and Tourism- Accomodation Statistics and over per 100 persons in the age group of 15-64. • General Directorate of Meteorology (MGM) Young Dependency Ratio: The number of persons in the age group • Ministry of National Education- Formal Education Statistics • General Directorate of Sports (SGM) of 0-14 per 100 persons in the age group of 15-64. • The World Bank Data- Indicators (http://data.worldbank.org/indicator) Net Migration Rate: It is the number of net migration (di—erence • The Banks Association of Turkey (TBB) between inmigration and outmigration for a specific area) per • Turkey Electricity Distribution Corporation (TEDAŞ) • Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency thousand persons who are able to migrate. • Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK- TurkStat) Address Based Population Infant Mortality rate: It is the number of deaths of infants under Registration System Database one year of age per 1 000 live births in a given year. • Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK- TurkStat) Regional Accounts • Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK- TurkStat) Regional Statistics Database Crude Birth Rate: The number of live births per 1 000 population in • Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK- TurkStat) Environmental Statistics Database a given year. • Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK- TurkStat) Foreign Trade Statistics Database • Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK- TurkStat) Birth Statistics Database Literacy Rate: It is the number of people who can both read and 42 • Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK- TurkStat) Labour Force Statistics Database write divided by the total population. The number of people of • Turkish Patent Institute (TPE) which literacy status unknown is excluded in the calculations. • Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK- TurkStat) Transportation and Communication Statistics Database Net Enrolment Ratio: It is obtained by dividing the number of students of a theoretical age group enrolled in a specific level of education by the population in that age group. ABBREVIATIONS Regional Gross Value Added (GVA): It is a value which is equal to ADNKS Address Based Population Registration System the sum of the values of all goods and services produced by BTİK Information Technologies and Communication resident local units engaged in domestic production activities in a ÇŞB Ministry of Environment and Urbanisation region in a given period of time less the total inputs which are used EPDK Energy Market Regulatory Authority in the production of these goods and services. GSKD Gross Added Value KGM General Directorate of Motorways Non-institutional Working Age Population: It is the population at KTB Ministry of Culture and Tourism the age of 15 years and over within the non-institutional civilian MEB Ministry of National Education population. MGM General Directorate of Meteorology SGM General Directorate of Sports Labour Force Participation Rate: It is the ratio of the labour force TBB The Banks Association of Turkey to non-institutional working age population. TEDAŞ Turkey Electricity Distribution Corporation Employment Rate: It is the ratio of employed persons to the TİTCK Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency non-institutional working age population. TPE Turkish Patent Institute TÜİK Turkish Statistical Institute Unemployment Rate: It is the ratio of unemployed persons to the TL Turkish Liras labour force.

TR41 2013 KEY FIGURES KEY FIGURES TR41 2013

THE HIGHEST NUMBER OF THE HIGHEST NUMBER OF THEATRE SEATS CINEMA SEATS PER HUNDRED PER HUNDRED THOUSAND THOUSAND PEOPLE IS ESKİŞEHİR'S PEOPLE IS

ESKİŞEHİR'S

THE HIGHEST NUMBER OF THE HIGHEST NUMBER OF VISITORS FOR PUBLIC LIBRARY USERS MUSEUM AND RUINS PER THOUSAND PEOPLE IS PER HUNDRED THOUSAND PEOPLE IS BURSA'S

BILECIK'S 562