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WFP Turkey

MISSION REPORT

August, 2012

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BACKGROUND Since the beginning of the conflict in Syria in March 2011, population of Syrians have been moving to neighbouring countries in increasing numbers, including Turkey, where the majority are being settled in camps. The Government of Turkey has demonstrated leadership and high generosity in providing for the humanitarian needs of the Syrian population arriving in Turkey on a remarkable manner and has so far invested over an estimated USD200 million in their response. Since the beginning of the crisis and until recently the Government of Turkey (GoT) has independently managed the provision of assistance to the displaced Syrian population with very limited involvement of the international community and UN agencies. However with the further deterioration of the situation within Syria and an increasing rate of arrival of Syrians , the Government in April 2012 has agreed to the “burden-sharing” proposals with the international community. In June WFP met with the GoT and discussed the possibility of providing complementary food assistance using voucher-based transfers which would be aligned to the approach already taken by WFP for the Syrian populations in Lebanon and Jordan. Working in close collaboration with UNHCR and within the framework of the UN Regional Response Plan (RRP), WFP established voucher programmes in May and July 2012, respectively, for those two countries and would adopt a similar approach in Turkey. This proposal was well received and with the Government’s approval, has been included in the updated RRP. Following the Government’s acceptance of the proposal, WFP deployed the voucher feasibility assessment mission to Turkey for the period of 15-28 July, 2012.

In advance of the field visits the mission team met the representatives of the Prime Ministry’s Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency (AFAD1) and Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA). AFAD officials were led by Mr. Mehmet Sinan Yildiz, Deputy Director General, and Mr. Fatih Özer, Head of Department of Response. Mr. Berk Baran, Head of Department of Deputy Directorate General for International Political Organization, was representing the MFA. The purpose of the meeting was to present the assessment mission plan and to understand the Government’s expectations.

During the meeting, the following recommendations were put forward by AFAD:

1. To visit all camps, as the conditions across camps is different;

2. To explore the possibility of using mobile markets, which can be installed at camp premises or near the camps, instead of sending people to urban areas;

3. To use biometric ID cards2 issued to Syrian citizens as e-voucher, instead of paper vouchers proposed by WFP.

4. To plan assistance according to new figures and expected trends; and

1 Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı (AFAD) was founded in 2009 as a result of merger of three institutions, General Directorate of Turkey Emergency Management under Prime Ministry, General Directorate of Civil Defence under Ministry of Interior, General Directorate of Disaster Affairs under Ministry of Public Works and Settlement. 2 AFAD stated that issuance of ID cards with biometrics and capability to be loaded with money is in the process and expected to be completed in two months.

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5. To reevaluate the transfer value and explore the possibility to increase the transfer value from the initially proposed value of 31US$.

The assessment team also met with the UN Resident Coordinator, Mr. Shahid Najam, and the UNHCR Country Representative, Ms. Carol Batchelor, who provided a detailed briefing on the context of the operational environment.

The field assessment started on 20 July. The mission visited seven camps accessible to the UN, met with local authorities and partners involved in the operations in all four provinces, such as Camp managers, the Turkish Red Crescent/Kizilayi local representatives, MFA representatives as well as UNHCR representatives.

STATUS OF SYRIAN DISPLACED POPULATION IN TURKEY AND COORDINATION OF ASSISTANCE

a) Legal Status of Syrians displaced population in Turkey

Since April 2011 when the first arrivals from Syria occurred, Turkey has maintained an open border policy for Syrians fleeing violence. Syrian nationals are admitted to Turkey with assurances of protection and no threat of forced return under the Government established Temporary Protection Regime (TRP) which core elements include:

 An open border policy with admission to the territory of those seeking protection;  Protection against forcible returns;  No limit of duration of stay; and  Access to basic registration arrangement where immediate needs are addressed.

b) Syrian population numbers and profiles as of August, 2012 As of 1 August, according to the Government statistics published on AFAD website, Turkey has received 73,587 Syrian citizens since the beginning of the unrest, of which some 29,549 people have returned to their country of origin; and the number of registered Syrians stands at 44,038 people out of which 43,679 people reside in camps and the rest are undergoing medical treatments in various hospitals. Most of the registered Syrian citizens are coming from the rural areas of Northern Region of Syria which includes the Idlib and Aleppo Governorates. Syrian citizens are predominantly of Arab origin however there are relatively small numbers of Turcoman (at the time of assessment all camp population of Yayladagi 2 and around 1,200 people residing in Islahiye camp are Turcoman). Although no accurate gender or age breakdowns were available at the time of assessmen,t the UNHCR estimated that three quarters of Syrian population in Turkey are women and children. According to WFP estimates, based on the Ceylanipar camp statistics, the average family size is around 4 persons. Syrians citizens are accommodated in eight camps located in four border provinces, including: five tented sites in Hatay; Altinozu, Yayladagi I and II, Boynuyogun, Apaydin3; one tent site

3 Apaydin Camp is solely for Syrian Deserted Military personnel and their families therefore the UN does not work in this camp.

4 in Islahiye in Gaziantep; one tent site in Ceylanpinar in Sanliurfa and the container site in Kilis. The Altinozu, Islahyie and both of the Yayaladagi camps are within or close to urban areas while the rest of the camps are located in remote areas, along the Turkish-Syrian border, some of them with few hundred meters from the demarcation line.

Table 1: Breakdown of statistics of Syrian Citizens as of July 21, 2012 Capacity Numbers of the Nearest # Camp of people camp Province Town 1 Kilis 10600 12000 Kilis Kilis 2 Islahiye 7200 8000 Gaziantep Gaziantep 3 Ceylanpinar 14000 15000 Sanliurfa Sanliurfa 4 Yayladagi1( Tekel) 2410 MCR* Hatay Yayladagi 5 Yayladagi2 ( Yibo) 2656 MCR Hatay Yayladagi 6 Altinozu (Tekel) 1117 MCR Hatay Altinozu 7 Altinozu Boynuyogun 1783 MCR Hatay Altinozu TOTAL 39766 4 provinces *Maximum Capacity Reached In mid-July the Government of Turkey announced the opening of four new camps with a total capacity of 40,000 people to respond to the deteriorating situation in Syria and increased arrival (80 % increase in last 3 months), Two new camps along the border with Syria, the Akçakale camp in Şanlıurfa Province and the Karkamış camp in Gaziantep province are currently under construction and are expected to be ready for reception of Syrians between mid to end of August. Construction of other two camps, the Türkoğlu in Kahramanmaraş Province (also called Maraş Province) and the Nizip camp in Gaziantep Province was announced last week of July and at the time of assessment timelines for the construction of these camps were not yet ascertained. Unlike the other camps the last two camps will be located inlands, 50 to 80 km from the Turkish–Syrian border.

c) Registration and ID cards system The Government of Turkey undertakes Syrian citizens’ registration and issuance of Identification Cards independently. Registrations are done by local authorities and every province uses a different registration platform/database and they collect different personal information on families, thus making it difficult to cross-check information across different locations and camps. Indentity card formats also vary across provinces; from a simple plasticized paper card, to a bar coded plastic card, to an ID card with biometric identification.

The Government of Turkey understands the importance of common registration therefore they are developing central registration database with biometric capabilities. The system is currently being testing in one of the camps (Kilis) and, according to AFAD, it is expected to be finalized and rolled-out within two months.

d) Response Coordination and Management The Prime Ministry's Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency is coordinating the overall management and funding of the operations at the central level while the

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implementation of the policies and directives at the field level are devolved to local administration. Vice-Governors of provinces are overall responsible for response in their province while sub-governors are responsible for implementation of assistance in their administrative districts. The camp management structure replicates local government administrative structure. Local representatives of AFAD and various ministries (Education, Interior, Health, etc.) are present in all camps and perform their duties under orders, directives and hierarchy of the governors and sub-governors. In addition to the government’s administrative structures, the Turkish Red Crescent (Kızılay) is present in all camps and is responsible for accommodation (tent installation, and allocation), food and non food item distributions.

CURRENT HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE Since April 2011, assistance to Syrian population is fully provided by the Government of Turkey through the Turkish Red Crescent and other State institutions. Shelter, food, medical care, education facilities are provided in all camps. Camps have pre-schools, primary and secondary schools where education is provided in the Arabic language. In addition, vocational training course are provided to women and men.

The support and assistance provided to the Syrian population is of a very high standard however, the level is not uniform across all camps. Provision of assistance is administered by the local authorities, and each authority determines their own standards and there are significant differences in living conditions and services in different camps. There are also differences in food rations and distribution modalities.

a) Food Assistance (in kind) The Turkish Government is providing food assistance to all Syrian population registered in the camps. The assistance is provided through the Turkish Red Crescent and the private companies selected through tenders are responsible for deliveries and distribution of food in camps. The assistance modality differs across the camps. As of last week of July, roughly half of the registered population received wet feeding/cooked meals daily and the other half received food parcels of dry food every two weeks and fresh food, weekly.

Table 2: Current Food Assistance Modalities by camps Numbers of Food Assistance Names of the camps Province # people Modality 1 Ceylanpinar Sanliurfa 14000 Wet Feeding 2 Islahiye Gaziantep 7200 Wet Feeding 3 Kilis Kilis 10600 Food Parcels 4 Yayladagi1 –Tekel Hatay 2410 Food Parcels 5 Yayladagi2 –YIBO Hatay 2656 Food Parcels 6 Altinözü –Tekel Hatay 1117 Food Parcels 7 Altinözü -Boynuyogun Hatay 1783 Food Parcels TOTAL 4 provinces 39766

The menus and consequently choice of ingredients for cooked meals, as well the content of the dry and fresh food parcels, is based on peoples’ preferences and seasonal availability.

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Hence the composition of meals and food parcels is highly diversified and often exceeds the internationally agreed minimum energy supply standards of 2100 calories.

As an example, the daily caloric content of cooked meals in one of the camps in Hatay ranges between 3,000-5,000 kilocalories per person and the content of dry and fresh food parcels ranges between 26-45 items. The detailed list of food commodities distributed in Hatay camps is available in Annex I .

In addition to cooked meals and food parcels, the families with infants receive baby feeding formula as required. There are no restrictions on the volume or quantity a family can request.

The cost of assistance greatly differs across the camps, with the monthly cost for cooked meals ranging from US$147 to US$170/ per person. b) Food Assistance (E-voucher system) On July 20, the Turkish government introduced a food voucher scheme in Kilis camp. Biometric identity cards issued by Government have been used as electronic vouchers and beneficiaries could purchase goods from three supermarkets, purposely installed in the premises of the camp. Camp residents were entitled to a monthly transfer of TRY4 80 (US$ 45) per person. The amount was provided in instalments of TRY 20 per week and beneficiaries were free to purchase food and non-food items sold in the supermarkets. Family entitlements were transferred to the common family account,created on the voucher processing platform and not linked to any financial institutions, and two adult family members had access to the transfers.

The biometric identity card functions much like a debit card offered by financial institutions. When the beneficiary uses the card to buy goods in an authorized supermarket, the shop keeper swipes the card in the Point of Sale (POS) terminal, then the cardholder simply scans his thumb or finger on the biometric fingerprint reader to verify the beneficiary identity. The system verifies that the correct thumbprint has been entered and checks to see if the recipient’s account has funds to cover the value of the purchase. After a positive verification, a beneciary collects the purchased items. Due to some technical problems in the software, the system malfunctioned the day after it’s launch and it had to be suspended while the camp reverted to in-kind food distributions5. c) Cooking Facilities Syrian populations in almost all camps cook some meals in camp premises. Some cook on improvised electric stoves made of spiral wires and others cook on electric or gas stoves provided by Turkish Government. The Government supplied and approved cooking facilities are available only in camps located in Hatay province and in the Oncupinar (Kilis) container city. Syrians in these camps have small kitchens attached to their living areas and have individual cooking facilities. The Government supplies electricity and gas bottles for cooking free of charge. There are also adequate measures for fire control in these camps. However, the camps currently receiving cooked meals do not have safe cooking/kitchen facilities and the camps’ site planning does not allow the establishment of individual kitchens due to the limited space available between tents.

4 As of July 31 the UN exchange rate: 1US$=1,8 TRY 5 It is the understanding that at the time of the release of this report the system has been restored and is functioning again in Kilis camp

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The mission team discussed with the local authorities the option of possibly installing communal cooking facilities. However, according to their experience Syrians are not accustomed to nor preferring to use communal spaces so this option may not be appropriate. The importance of cooking facilities was again discussed in Ankara with the President of AFAD, who agreed to assess all camps requiring kitchen facilities. They will communicate to WFP the plans and timelines for installation of kitchen facilities where technically feasible.

RETAIL SECTOR OVERVIEW a) National Retail Sector

The Turkish retail sector has remarkably grown its distribution channel in past decades6. The size of the retail sector has increased7 from US $70 to US $187 billion between 2005 and 2010. It covers an area of 23 million square meters, employs 2.5 million persons and has around 170 000 selling points. Food retail represented 51% of the total retail sector in 2010.

The retail sector is composed of two major groups: 1) medium/large retailers which are characterized by chain stores that have a corporate trading licence. In 2011, there were 11,588 chain stores and supermarkets and 291 shopping malls; 2) Small retailers which are composed of small stores (Bakkals) and bazaars. The sale area is roughly 50 m2. Small stores sell most often beverages and confectionaries. In 2011, 110 000 small stores had been registered. Open- air bazaars typically trade vegetables and fruits. The Annex I provides different characteristics of the large and small retail sector.

The retail market chain is composed of 168 local chains and 21 national/ international chains. In 2011, the national retail chain grew 5 percent; 21 percent for the local chain and 4.8 percent for the international chain. It seems that the national chains (64 percent) rule the market. The local chains stores in South East Anatolia (camps area) represent 2 percent of the total local chain stores.

The rise of the modern retail sector creates some concentration among players (AC Nielsen). The top three players own 50 percent of the total number of stores. The evolution of food retailer sector shows an important growth in larger outlets (54 percent) compared to small retailers (- 36 percent). Small retailers continue to play a key role in rural areas and small towns.

Distributions channels: Small and large retailers obtain their commodities from several channels8. In urban areas, small retailers get their commodities from food wholesale markets in big cities. In rural areas or small towns, producers deliver their commodities directly to the small retailers. Large retailers use a middleman to get commodities (more actors but less risky supply chains).

b) Local Retail Sector Yayladagi and Altinozu towns are highly linked to the province of Hatay/Antakya for its supply.

6 Turkey is the 7th largest retail market in Europe and the 10th in the world. . 7 It is one of the fastest growing sectors of the Turkish economy. 8 Distributors, agents, wholesalers, producers, producers ‘cooperatives and hypermarkets

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The local food retail sectors in both places are composed of several small retailers and a few small wholesalers. There are also a few large retailers from Antakya. The large and small retailers are operating in a competitive environment. The small retailers operate in groups to reach economy of scale and bring large quantities from Antakya to sell and to store. Both players (small wholesalers & large retailers) supply the local population and two camps (4,056 people ). The small retailers generally buy products from the main market in Antakya and bring them to the small town. Rice, maize, wheat flour, beans and chickpeas are available in the shops. A few wholesalers are very dynamic in terms of supply and exert an influence in the town of Yayladagi. It seems that the local retail food market is functioning well but under the control of a network of wholesalers9 - who have large storage capacities and intervene at retailer level. There are different types of retail channel distributions: i) the wholesaler supplies the retailers (purchase within the town), ii) the wholesaler intervenes at the retail level (the shops belong to the wholesaler) and iii) the wholesaler in the main market (Antakya) supplies to a retailer network in the local towns. Both wholesalers and retailers are registered. They also have bank accounts and have access to credit. Some of the retailers have warehouses close to the shop. c) Upstream supply chain in Yayladagi and Altunozu The main market in Antakya is well-integrated with production areas and consumption centres, well-organized and regulated. All main wholesale markets are accessible by road. Markets in Antakya are reliable to ensure a stable supply chain. Food is abundantly available. The main market in Antakya plays a role as storage market. The supply will be able to respond to an increased demand. Many products are available in the local town and there is a reasonable stability for the supply chains. The large and small retailers are able to bring products from several production areas to the consumption centres on time for an affordable and competitive price10. The increased demands for goods via vouchers can be satisfied through the large and small retailers. Since most products are coming from Antakya it is important to regularly monitor the wholesale market in Antakya. The reported supply chain speed is high – even through small retail shops at local level. Suppliers reported minimum 3 days order lead-time for delivery to the camps. Additional orders up to 50% of the regular orders were delivered within the same day but created significant strain on the supplier. Ad hoc orders above 50 percent of regular delivery can be a problem.

9 Hatay,K.Maraş,Osmaniye 10 Because of the retail supply chain is highly interconnected and provide high level of services directly to the customers. Indeed, the distribution network is integrated into the service providers supply chain.

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Supply chain diagram by commodity type Note: data illustrates the logistics pattern (based on random interviews with retailers and wholesalers at local level)

WFP RESPONSE STRATEGY After the field visits, the mission team met Dr. Fuat Oktay, President of AFAD, Mr. Fatih Özer, Head of Department of Response of AFAD, and Mr. Berk Baran, Head of Department and Deputy Directorate General for International Political Organization. WFP presented the field visit findings and discussed the way forward. As a result of the discussion the sides agreed to the following strategy: 1. To implement the gradual transition from in-kind food assistance to a market-based approach with vouchers.

2. To work together with the Government on the integration of food assistance in the - initiated vouchers scheme in Kilis camp. The estimated population is 12,000 people.

3. In parallel, to initiate the transition to a voucher-based project in the camps of Hatay Province, where people have cooking facilities and access to existing shops in vicinity of camps. The estimated population in these three camps is 6,200 people.

4. Continue with the one remaining camp in Hatay (Boynuyogun camp: 1,783 people) after installation of shop facilities are done at the camp. The temporary infrastructure for shops to be installed by government and WFP would make arrangements for shop services (selection/contracting).

5. Expand the voucher project to the rest of the camps after installation of cooking facilities. AFAD will assess the camps and communicate to WFP the timelines and plans for installation of cooking facilities.

a) Beneficiaries and Targetting During the initial phase WFP will assist approximately 30,000 registered Syrian people for the duration of six months. The prioritization of the geographic areas or camps for the

10 voucher-based assistance is guided by the context and specific camp conditions . The intial plan is to assist approximately 18,000 people residing in camps currently equipped with cooking facilities, and which have easy access to shops, and then to continue with the rest of the camps according to the plan outlined above.

b) Transfer Value (of Vouchers)

The transfer values of vouchers used in Lebanon and Jordan is calibrated to US$ 31 which represents the monetary value of the food basket proposed under WFP Regional EMOP. The same voucher value was committed by WFP during initial meeting with the GoT and during the field assessment mission in July.

After conducting the price analysis across the provinces currently hosting Syrians the mission ascertained that the cost of the EMOP food basket is higher in Turkey than it is in Lebanon or Jordan. The highest prices for food were observed in Sanliurfa province, with the EMOP food basket cost reaching US$ 48 at the retail prices while lowest prices are observed in Hatay province with the cost of basket at US$ 42.

Table 3. Voucher Value Calculation for Turkey Operation Commodity Nutritional Daily Ration Price per kg Daily cost Value (kcal) Person/kg (TRY*) /person (TRY) Med. Grain Rice 720 0.2 4.4 0.88 Bulgur 455 0.13 1.9 0.25 Pasta 174 0.05 2.1 0.11 Pulses 169 0.05 3.4 0.17 Sugar 200 0.05 2.9 0.15 Sunflower Oil 292 0.033 5.6 0.18 Iodized Salt 0 0.005 1.2 0.01 Beef/Mutton 84 0.038 26.3 1 Total kcal/day 2094 Daily value in TRY 2.74 % from protein 10.8 Daily value in USD 1.5 % from fat 18.5 Monthly value USD 45 *TRY- New Turkish Lira

In order meet the beneficiary needs with the same level of assistance as in Jordan or Lebanon the mission recommends to increase the transfer value from the initially proposed US$31 to US$45, which is an average cost of the food basket over the provinces and time. The Government has agreed to complement this transfer for the provision of, for example, baby food however, the transfer modalities (cash or in kind) have yet to be defined and agreed upon.

c) Transfer modality and Delivery Mechanism In line with WFP Regional EMOP 200433 and the preference of the Turkish Government, WFP will use the food voucher modality to meet the food needs of the Syrian population. As

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an interim solution WFP will use a paper voucher as a delivery mechanism, while the Government tests the implementation of biometric ID cards. As soon the government confirms sustainable functionality of the ID card system and rolls out the system to all camps, WFP will shift to the e-voucher system using biometric ID cards issued by Government.

d) Shop selection and contracting As discussed and agreed with AFAD, WFP will tailor the voucher- based assistance for each camp based on the context and the type of assistance provided by the Turkish Government to date.

WFP will continue use of existing shop arrangements in the Kilis Camp where GoT has tested an e-voucher system through the shops in the camp. Currently, there are three shops facilities in the camp. The shops are supplied by three suppliers: Bizim, Sima and Halkmar. The suppliers offer the same price as the market price in town. The mission recommended pursuing the voucher-based assistance with the existing suppliers and the contractual terms may need to be revised. Separate counters for men and women will need to be installed, following suggestions from Kilis camp management after the opening of the shops on 18 July. The shopping access may need to be scheduled to ensure that different groups have access during different days of the week to avoid congestion, at least at initial stage until beneficiaries develop trust that availability will be assured throughout the week.

In Hatay Province, WFP will link beneficiaries to existing shops and retailer sector present in urban areas of Yayladagi and Altinozu towns. According to information gathered in the field (retail capacity, supply chain, dynamic regional market, prices, and market integration) and the retailer checklist data, the shops in both towns have capacity to meet the demand created by the voucher-based assistance. The mission also recommends involving the currently contracted suppliers of the dry ration in the voucher programme together with the small retailers in Yayladagi and Altinozou towns. The voucher program should be launched gradually in order to match the new demand and the new supply. The small retailers in town need to have a strong partnership with the wholesalers in town or in the main market in Antakya.

In Islahiye, Ceylanpinar and Boynuyogun camps as well in all other new camps under construction, which are located far from urban areas and markets the mission recommends pursuing the same strategy implemented in Killis camp. WFP will invite large retailers to provide services within or outside the camp. These retailers’ will be selected through the competitive process and those retailers offering favourable quality/ price ratio will be contracted. The Government will provide infrastructure to the selected large retailers.

e) Choice of commodities to be offered in selected shops As described above, currently the Turkish Government provides highly diversified food baskets through cooked meals and food parcels to Syrian citizens (Annex I) . The list of items included in food parcels and meals are based on people’s preferences therefore it would be important to maintain the similar level of diversity for food items important for nutrition and

12 eliminate items that contain little nutritional value a such as carbonated sugar-filled beverages, halva, or chocolate cream.

PARTNERSHIP AND PARAMETERS OF ENGAGEMENT WFP will partner with Turkish Red Crescent (Kizilay) for implementation of the voucher- based food assistance for the Syrian displaced population residing in camps. The Annex IV describes general responsibilities of AFAD, WFP and Kizilay. The exact roles and responsibilities of Kizilay will be defined based on the expertise they offer to the project. WFP will formalize the partnership with Kizilay through a standard Field Level Agreement . WFP will also establish a strong partnership with the Governorates in order to agree on the implementation modalities and try to harmonise the assistance in all the camps as currently each Governorate has the autonomy of deciding on level and how to provide food assistance to Syrian population.

LIST OF ANNEXES: Annex I: List of food items provided by Government to Syrian population in Hatay Annex II: WFP food ration transfer value over provinces and period Annex III: Proposed Roles and Responsibilities of parties Annex IV: Mission Itinerary and people met

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Annex I: List of food items provided by the Government to Syrian population hosted in camps in Hatay

Vegetables and Fruits Oils and Fat Potatoes Margarine Tomatoes Sunflower Oil Green Pepper Olive oil Lettuce Courgette/Pumpkin Pulses Aubergine Lentils (red) Parsley Lentils (green) Mint Dry beans Garlic Green peas Onions Chickpeas Cucumber Apple Animal products Banana Beef Lemon Lamb Poultry Dairy and Eggs White Cheese Cereals and pasta Cheddar Cheese Bulgur (grain) Salted Yoghurt Bulgur (fine) Fresh Yogurt Rice Milk Flour Butter Vermicelli Eggs Spaghetti Bread Spices and condiments Corn flour Red Pepper (grinded) Items with little nutritional Humus Salt value Lemon salt Chocolate crème Soda Bicarbonate Hazelnut Cream Tomato pasta Turkish coffee Red Pepper paste Halva Black Pepper Pomgranate Syrop Cilantro Grape molasses Zahter (thyme paste) Coca Cola Dried Mint Juice powder Tahini Sugar Tea

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Annex II: Voucher basket value over time and provinces

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ANNEX III: PROPOSED ROLES AND OBLIGATIONS OF PARTIES (subject to further discussion, inclusive of but not limited to)

AFAD shall:

 Facilitate coordination with local authorities

 Ensure WFP and its partner (Kizilay) have unobstructed access to beneficiaries of the voucher-based assistance.

 Guarantee to provide regular access to the updated camp population list.

 Advocate and coordinate with government and external partners and donors so as to ensure the provision of cooking facilities for the expansion of the voucher based programme.

Turkish Red Crescent (Kizilay) shall*:

 With the guidance and technical support of WFP Kizilay shall identify, contract and train shops in voucher project implementation. The shops selection criteria will be jointly developed by WFP and Kizilay in consultation with local authorities. The final list of shops selected for vouchers shall be endorsed by WFP.

 Organize information campaign on voucher implementation modality and timeframe aimed at beneficiaries, shopkeepers and the local authorities;

 Arrange for reception from WFP and distribution of food vouchers to beneficiaries according to distribution plans endorsed by WFP.

 Monitor food quality and prices, the redemption process and adherence to contractual agreement of selected partner shops; Monitor the food consumption of beneficiaries through monthly family interview.

 Maintain proper accounts of all funds received from WFP and disbursed to participating shops and funds received from WFP but not distributed or disbursed.

 Provide monthly progress reports, including both narrative and quantitative information on beneficiaries assisted and funds disbursed to shops.

 Establish complaint mechanism and helpline for beneficiaries and shop keepers in order to monitor the implementation and progress of the project.

WFP shall*:

 Liaise and coordinate with AFAD and local authorities on all aspects related to voucher- based project implementation.

 Provide technical advice and guidance on the implementation of the voucher-based assistance.

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 Arrange for the printing and supply of vouchers required for the implementation of the proposed assistance.

 Provide training, where necessary, for the Kizilay staff on the management of the operation (e.g. baseline selection, verification, monitoring, accounting, reporting and finances).

 Provide project funds intended for beneficiaries to Kizilay according to agreed distribution plan and cover project implementation cost of Kizilay according to agreed budget.

 Conduct regular monitoring of activities, including the voucher redemption process and reimbursement of shops, beneficiary post-distribution monitoring.

*note: some of the responsibilities of Kizilay and WFP may alternatively be outsourced to a private service provider (voucher printing, payment to shops, etc..)

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Annex IV: Mission Itinerary and People Met

20 July 2012 Friday 14:45 Arrival in Gaziantep 15:30-16:00 ETA in Kilis 16:30 Briefing by UNHCR Team

21 July 2012 Saturday 08:30 -11:00 Visit to Kilis Oncupinar Container Camp. Briefing by MFA Regional Representative Mr. Suphi ATAN Meeting with Camp Managers/AFAD Visit the camp site and supermarkets in the camp 12:00 Departure from Kilis to Islahiye 13:30 Arrival in Islahiye Camp Meeting with MFA representative Mr Halil GEYLAN and camp management 16:00 Depart from Islahiye 17:30 Arrival in Kilis

22 July 2012 Sunday 08:00 ETD Kilis 12:00 ETA Sanliurfa Ceylanpinar Meeting with Camp management - AFAD – Mr. Edip COLGECEN, Camp Manager 16:00 Drive to Sanliurfa

23 July 2012 Monday 07:30 ETD Sanliurfa 12:30 ETA Antakya/Hatay 13:30 Meeting with Dep. Governor of Hatay Mr. Orhan MARDINLI and Halil YUCELEN, AFAD 14:30 Drive to Yayladagi – Meet with Sub Governor 14:30 – 15:30 Visit to Yayladagi 1 Tekel Camp meeting with Camp Management 15:30 – 17:00 Visit to Yayladagi 2 YIBO Camp meeting with Camp Management 17:00 Drive to Antakya/Hatay

24 July 2012 Tuesday 09:00 Drive to Altinozu 10:00 Meeting with Sub Governor 10:30 Visit to Altinozu Tekel Camp meeting with camp Management 12:00 Drive to Altinozu Boynuyogun Camp 13:00 Arrive in Altinozu Boynuyogun Camp - Meeting with Camp Management

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15:00 Return to Antakya/Hatay

25 July 2012 Wednesday 17:00 Return to Ankara from Hatay